1
|
Schumm B, Bremer S, Knödlseder K, Schönfelder M, Hain R, Semmler L, Lorenz E, Wackerhage H, Kähler CJ, Jörres R. Indices of airway resistance and reactance from impulse oscillometry correlate with aerosol particle emission in different age groups. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4644. [PMID: 38409397 PMCID: PMC10897442 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55117-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Airborne transmission of pathogens plays a major role in the spread of infectious diseases. Aerosol particle production from the lung is thought to occur in the peripheral airways. In the present study we investigated eighty lung-healthy subjects of two age groups (20-39, 60-76 years) at rest and during exercise whether lung function parameters indicative of peripheral airway function were correlated with individual differences in aerosol particle emission. Lung function comprised spirometry and impulse oscillometry during quiet breathing and an expiratory vital capacity manoeuvre, using resistance (R5) and reactance at 5 Hz (X5) as indicators potentially related to peripheral airway function. The association between emission at different ventilation rates relative to maximum ventilation and lung function was assessed by regression analysis. In multiple regression analyses including age group, only vital capacity manoeuvre R5 at 15% to 50% of end-expiratory vital capacity as well as quiet breathing X5 were independently linked to particle emission at 20% to 50% of maximum ventilation, in addition to age group. The fact that age as predictive factor was still significant, although to a lower degree, points towards further effects of age, potentially involving surface properties not accounted for by impulse oscillometry parameters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Schumm
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Institute of Fluid Mechanics and Aerodynamics, Universität der Bundeswehr München, 85577, Neubiberg, Germany.
| | - Stephanie Bremer
- Professorship of Exercise Biology, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technische Universität München, 80809, Munich, Germany
| | - Katharina Knödlseder
- Professorship of Exercise Biology, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technische Universität München, 80809, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Schönfelder
- Professorship of Exercise Biology, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technische Universität München, 80809, Munich, Germany
| | - Rainer Hain
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Institute of Fluid Mechanics and Aerodynamics, Universität der Bundeswehr München, 85577, Neubiberg, Germany
| | - Luisa Semmler
- Department of Neurology, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Elke Lorenz
- Klinik für Herz- und Kreislauferkrankungen, Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, 80636, Munich, Germany
| | - Henning Wackerhage
- Professorship of Exercise Biology, Department of Sport and Health Sciences, Technische Universität München, 80809, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian J Kähler
- Department of Aerospace Engineering, Institute of Fluid Mechanics and Aerodynamics, Universität der Bundeswehr München, 85577, Neubiberg, Germany
| | - Rudolf Jörres
- Institute and Outpatient Clinic for Occupational, Social and Environmental Medicine, LMU Hospital, Comprehensive Pneumology Center Munich (CPC-M), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Price HB, Kimbell JS, Bu R, Oldenburg AL. Geometric Validation of Continuous, Finely Sampled 3-D Reconstructions From aOCT and CT in Upper Airway Models. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING 2019; 38:1005-1015. [PMID: 30334787 PMCID: PMC6476567 DOI: 10.1109/tmi.2018.2876625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Identification and treatment of obstructive airway disorders (OADs) are greatly aided by imaging of the geometry of the airway lumen. Anatomical optical coherence tomography (aOCT) is a promising high-speed and minimally invasive endoscopic imaging modality for providing micrometer-resolution scans of the upper airway. Resistance to airflow in OADs is directly caused by the reduction in luminal cross-sectional area (CSA). It is hypothesized that aOCT can produce airway CSA measurements as accurate as that from computed tomography (CT). Scans of machine hollowed cylindrical tubes were used to develop methods for segmentation and measurement of airway lumen in CT and aOCT. Simulated scans of virtual cones were used to validate 3-D resampling and reconstruction methods in aOCT. Then, measurements of two segments of a 3-D printed pediatric airway phantom from aOCT and CT independently were compared to ground truth CSA. In continuous unobstructed regions, the mean CSA difference for each phantom segment was 2.2 ± 3.5 and 1.5 ± 5.3 mm2 for aOCT, and -3.4 ± 4.3 and -1.9 ± 1.2 mm2 for CT. Because of the similar magnitude of these differences, these results support the hypotheses and underscore the potential for aOCT as a viable alternative to CT in airway imaging, while offering greater potential to capture respiratory dynamics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hillel B. Price
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3255 USA ()
| | - Julia S. Kimbell
- Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7070 USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3216 USA ()
| | - Ruofei Bu
- Department of Biomedical Medical Engineering, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3216 USA ()
| | - Amy L. Oldenburg
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3255 USA; Biomedical Research Imaging Center, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7513 USA; Department of Biomedical Medical Engineering, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3216 USA ()
| |
Collapse
|