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Hidayati NV, Asia L, Lebarillier S, Widowati I, Sabdono A, Piram A, Hidayat RR, Fitriyah D, Almanar IP, Doumenq P, Syakti AD. Environmental Sample Stability for Pharmaceutical Compound Analysis: Handling and Preservation Recommendations. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2023; 2023:5526429. [PMID: 37901345 PMCID: PMC10602706 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5526429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Efficient and resilient techniques for handling samples are essential for detecting pharmaceutical compounds in the environment. This study explores a method for preserving water samples during transport before quantitative analysis. The study investigates the stability of 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2), acetaminophen (ACM), oxytetracycline (OTC), sulfamethoxazole (SMX), and trimethoprim (TMP) after preconcentration within solid-phase extraction (SPE) cartridges. Through various experiments involving different holding times and storage temperatures, it was determined that four pharmaceutical compounds remained stable when stored for a month at 4°C and for six months when stored at -18°C in darkness. Storing these compounds in SPE cartridges at -18°C seemed effective in preserving them for extended periods. In addition, ACM, TMP, OTC, EE2, and SMX remained stable for three days at room temperature. These findings establish guidelines for appropriate storage and handling practices of pharmaceutical compounds preconcentrated from aqueous environmental samples using SPE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuning Vita Hidayati
- Fisheries and Marine Sciences Faculty, Jenderal Soedirman University, Kampus Karangwangkal, Jl. Dr. Suparno, Purwokerto 53123, Indonesia
- Center for Maritime Biosciences Studies, Institute for Research and Community Service, Jenderal Soedirman University, Kampus Karangwangkal, Jl. Dr. Suparno, Purwokerto 53123, Indonesia
| | - Laurence Asia
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, LCE, Marseille, France
| | | | - Ita Widowati
- Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Soedharto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang 50275, Indonesia
| | - Agus Sabdono
- Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Soedharto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang 50275, Indonesia
| | - Anne Piram
- Aix Marseille University, CNRS, LCE, Marseille, France
| | - Rizqi Rizaldi Hidayat
- Fisheries and Marine Sciences Faculty, Jenderal Soedirman University, Kampus Karangwangkal, Jl. Dr. Suparno, Purwokerto 53123, Indonesia
| | - Dina Fitriyah
- Maritime Technique and Technology Faculty, Raja Ali Haji Maritime University, Jl. Politeknik Senggarang, Tanjungpinang, Riau Islands 29100, Indonesia
| | - Indra Putra Almanar
- Maritime Technique and Technology Faculty, Raja Ali Haji Maritime University, Jl. Politeknik Senggarang, Tanjungpinang, Riau Islands 29100, Indonesia
| | | | - Agung Dhamar Syakti
- Center for Maritime Biosciences Studies, Institute for Research and Community Service, Jenderal Soedirman University, Kampus Karangwangkal, Jl. Dr. Suparno, Purwokerto 53123, Indonesia
- Marine Sciences and Fisheries Faculty, Raja Ali Haji Maritime University, Jl. Politeknik Senggarang, Tanjungpinang, Riau Islands 29100, Indonesia
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2
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Petrides M, Peletidi A, Petrou C, Nena E, Papavasili M, Constantinidis T, Kontogiorgis C. Exploring public knowledge and perceptions regarding per os OTC pain-relieving medications: the case of paracetamol (acetaminophen). J Pharm Policy Pract 2023; 16:93. [PMID: 37475043 PMCID: PMC10360319 DOI: 10.1186/s40545-023-00598-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/11/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Over-the-counter medications (OTC) are safe and effective when patients follow the patient's information leaflet (PIL) instructions and/or the instructions given by healthcare professionals (HCPs). However, OTC medications could be harmful and unsafe when individuals do not follow the given instructions and/or when their understanding about the proper use of OTC medications is incorrect. This study aimed to investigate the knowledge and perceptions of people regarding paracetamol use in the Republic of Cyprus. METHODS This cross-sectional study, which belongs to quantitative research methods, included participants visiting community pharmacies in the following three cities of the Republic of Cyprus: Nicosia, Limassol and Larnaca. Participation in the study was voluntary and anonymous. Participants responded to the survey-based questionnaire, which concerned their knowledge and views on paracetamol use. After the data collection, responses were tabulated and analysed statistically. RESULTS The original compound was shown to be more well-known compared to generics. A notable percentage of respondents-ranging between 13.0% (N = 49) and 29.8% (N = 112)-answered incorrectly that broadly used non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) contain paracetamol. Furthermore, a remarkable percentage of respondents (71.5%, N = 269 and 50.3%, N = 189, respectively) falsely believed that two widely used combination products in the market of Cyprus (Paracetamol and Hyoscine-N-butylbromide; Paracetamol and Codeine and Caffeine) did not contain paracetamol. A notable percentage of participants (27.6%, N = 100) believed that paracetamol causes low toxicity. More than a third of the respondents (40.2%, N = 149) drink alcohol together with or slightly after consuming paracetamol products. This viewpoint was linked with the participants' attitude towards consuming paracetamol medications after drinking alcohol (OR for consuming alcohol versus not consuming alcohol 0.100, 95% CI 0.044-0.225, p = 0.000). CONCLUSIONS To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study conducted in the Republic of Cyprus on this topic. Paracetamol is frequently consumed by individuals, both in its generic and original forms. However, the study showed that respondents often misperceive NSAIDs and paracetamol-containing medications. In addition, it is identified that there is a lack of education among people about the safe and effective use of paracetamol, namely, indications, potential side effects, maximum daily dose, alcohol consumption, and the potential risks of hepatotoxicity. The study contributed to the current published literature as it showed that there is a significant public health issue, for which appropriate measures can be established by the respective Authorities of Cyprus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Petrides
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Protection, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Campus (Dragana) Building 5, 68100, Alexandroupolis, Greece
- Pharmacy Program, Department of Health Sciences, School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, 2417, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Aliki Peletidi
- Pharmacy Program, Department of Health Sciences, School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, 2417, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Christos Petrou
- Pharmacy Program, Department of Health Sciences, School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, 2417, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Evangelia Nena
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Protection, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Campus (Dragana) Building 5, 68100, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Maria Papavasili
- Pharmacy Program, Department of Health Sciences, School of Life and Health Sciences, University of Nicosia, 2417, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Theodoros Constantinidis
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Protection, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Campus (Dragana) Building 5, 68100, Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Christos Kontogiorgis
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Protection, Medical School, Democritus University of Thrace, Campus (Dragana) Building 5, 68100, Alexandroupolis, Greece.
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AlMasoud N, Alomar TS, Xu Y, Lima C, Goodacre R. Rapid detection and quantification of paracetamol and its major metabolites using surface enhanced Raman scattering. Analyst 2023; 148:1805-1814. [PMID: 36938623 DOI: 10.1039/d3an00249g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2023]
Abstract
Paracetamol (also known as acetaminophen) is an over-the-counter (OTC) drug that is commonly used as an analgesic for mild pain, headache, cold and flu. While in the short term it is a safe and effective medicine, it is sometimes used for attempted suicides particularly in young adults. In such circumstances it is important for rapid diagnosis of overdoses as antidotes can be given to limit liver damage from one of its primary metabolites N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine (NAPQI). Unfortunately, the demand for rapid and sensitive analytical techniques to accurately monitor the abuse of OTC drugs has significantly risen. Ideally these techniques would be highly specific, sensitive, reproducible, portable and rapid. In addition, an ideal point of care (PoC) test would enable quantitative detection of drugs and their metabolites present in body fluids. While Raman spectroscopy meets these specifications, there is a need for enhancement of the signal because the Raman effect is weak. In this study, we developed a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) methodology in conjunction with chemometrics to quantify the amount of paracetamol and its main primary metabolites (viz., paracetamol sulfate, p-acetamidophenyl β-D-glucuronide and NAPQI) in water and artificial urine. The enhancement of the SERS signals was achieved by mixing the drug or xenometabolites with a gold nanoparticle followed by aggregation with 0.045 M NaCl. We found that the SERS data could be collected directly, due to immediate analyte association with the Au surface and colloid aggregation. Accurate and precise measurements were generated, with a limit of detection (LoD) of paracetamol in water and artificial urine at 7.18 × 10-6 M and 2.11 × 10-5 M, respectively, which is well below the limit needed for overdose and indeed normal levels of paracetamol in serum after taking 1 g orally. The predictive values obtained from the analysis of paracetamol in water and artificial urine were also excellent, with the coefficient of determination (Q2) being 0.995 and 0.996, respectively (1 suggests a perfect model). It was noteworthy that when artificial urine was spiked with paracetamol, no aggregating agent was required due to the salt rich medium, which led to spontaneous aggregation. Moreover, for the xenometabolites of paracetamol excellent LoDs were obtained and these ranged from 2.6 × 10-4 M to 5 × 10-5 M with paracetamol sulfate and NAPQI having Q2 values of 0.934 and 0.892 and for p-acetamidophenyl β-D-glucuronide this was slightly lower at 0.6437.
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Affiliation(s)
- Najla AlMasoud
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia.,Centre for Metabolomics Research, Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, UK.
| | - Taghrid S Alomar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia.,Centre for Metabolomics Research, Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, UK.
| | - Yun Xu
- Centre for Metabolomics Research, Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, UK.
| | - Cassio Lima
- Centre for Metabolomics Research, Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, UK.
| | - Royston Goodacre
- Centre for Metabolomics Research, Department of Biochemistry and Systems Biology, Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, L69 7ZB, UK.
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Xu W, Liu Y, Liu Q, Chen H, Lei L, Shen X, Liu L. Procyanidins Ameliorate Acetaminophen-induced Acute Liver Injury via Activating the Nrf-2/SOD-1 Signal Pathway. Pharmacogn Mag 2023. [DOI: 10.1177/09731296221144812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and Objectives An overdose of acetaminophen (APAP) usually leads to acute liver injury, and oxidative stress is one of the fundamental mechanisms used to characterize it. Procyanidins (PCs) can reduce the oxidative stress in the liver of mice. This study aimed to investigate the potential protective role of PCs against APAP-induced acute liver injury. Materials and Methods Experiments were performed on male Kunming mice in six groups: phosphate-buffered saline, PCs, APAP, and PCs pretreated with 10, 50, and 100 mg/kg. The mice were peritoneally injected with PCs 30 min before the administration of APAP. First, survival rates of mice were scored every 12 hr for three days in succession. Furthermore, serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin (T-Bil), total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and interleukin-1 (IL-6) were determined. Additionally, histological analysis and hepatic oxidative stress including the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione (GSH) were assessed. Finally, the protein expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and SOD-1 was detected by Western blotting. Results The data indicated that PCs improved survival rates of APAP-induced liver injury in mice models. Moreover, PCs could reduce the elevated serum levels of ALT, AST, T-Bil, TC, TG, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 due to APAP exposure with a dose-dependent manner. Besides, PCs pretreatment attenuated hepatic histopathological damage and oxidative stress which manifested the increases of SOD and GSH, whereas the decrease of MDA. Furthermore, PCs enhanced the protein expression of Nrf2 and SOD-1 in the PCs pretreatment groups compared with the APAP group. Conclusion PCs ameliorated APAP-induced acute liver injury, and Nrf2 signaling pathway modulating antioxidative stress might be involved in it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanting Xu
- Department of Pediatrics, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qun Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huan Chen
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Langhuan Lei
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaojia Shen
- Department of Pediatrics, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Pediatrics, Chengdu Second People’s Hospital, Chengdu, People’s Republic of China
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5
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Zhang K, Fan X, Wang X, Zhang X, Zeng L, Li N, Han Q, Lv Y, Liu Z. Alterations in circadian rhythms aggravate Acetaminophen-induced liver injury in mice by influencing Acetaminophen metabolization and increasing intestinal permeability. Bioengineered 2022; 13:13118-13130. [PMID: 35635077 PMCID: PMC9275971 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2079255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP) is the most common antipyretic and analgesic drug causing drug-induced liver injury (DILI). Alterations in circadian rhythms can adversely affect liver health, especially metabolic and detoxification functions. However, the effect of circadian rhythm alterations induced by environmental factors on APAP-induced liver injury and the underlying mechanisms are not well known. In this study, a mouse model of circadian rhythm alterations was established by light/dark cycle shift and then treated with excessive APAP. The liver injury indexes, APAP-related metabolic enzymes, and intestinal permeability in mice were evaluated by biochemical analysis, quantitative real-time PCR, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and histopathology. Results showed that circadian rhythm alterations resulted in increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde (MDA) and decreased liver superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione, and CYP1A2 and CYP3A11 mRNA expression, and increased serum diamine oxidase, lipopolysaccharide, and D-lactate in the mice. Compared with control mice, APAP induced higher serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase, liver interleukin-1β and tumor necrosis factor-α mRNA, ROS and MDA, lower SOD, glutathione, and UDP-glucuronosyltransferases /sulfotransferases mRNA and more severe liver necrosis and intestinal damage in mice with alterations in circadian rhythms. In conclusion, circadian rhythm alterations by light/dark cycle shift resulted in increased oxidative stress and intestinal permeability in the mice and exacerbated APAP-induced liver injury by influencing APAP metabolization and increasing intestinal permeability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiude Fan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoyun Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoge Zhang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Lu Zeng
- Department of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Na Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Qunying Han
- Department of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yi Lv
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Institute of Advanced Surgical Technology and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhengwen Liu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
- Institute of Advanced Surgical Technology and Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, China
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AlRuwaili N, Zaidan F, AlFattani A, Alenazi S. Urgent need to standardize labelling of acetaminophen-paediatric liquid drug products in Saudi Arabia. Int J Pediatr Adolesc Med 2022; 9:62-65. [PMID: 35573073 PMCID: PMC9072244 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpam.2021.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
In this study, dosing instructions in package inserts of all 12 paediatric liquid acetaminophen products registered in pharmacies in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia were analysed to determine the potential for administering a supratherapeutic dose of acetaminophen. Doses in millilitres were calculated as mg/kg for four age groups: three months old, one year old, six years old, and twelve years old, and based on the 3rd, 50th, and 75th weight percentiles of each age group. Acetaminophen concentrations in the products varied, and only two products included Arabic language instructions. The dosing instructions in eight products included an age overlap. The most affected age group was the 1-year-old group, with 21 supratherapeutic doses across all 12 products. The least affected age group was the 12-year-old group, with 8 supratherapeutic doses in total. The absence of strict supervision and monitoring of labels of paediatric liquid acetaminophen products increases the risk of liver toxicity in children. Therefore, we call for an immediate standardisation of all dosing instructions regarding the dose per weight and the inclusion of instructions in Arabic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahar AlRuwaili
- Emergency Department, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, AlFaisal University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faten Zaidan
- General Peadiatric Department, KFSHRC, AlMaarefa University, Saudi Arabia
| | - Areej AlFattani
- Biostatician, King Faisal Specialist Hospital & Research Center, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saud Alenazi
- Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Maternity & Children Hospital, Qassim, Saudi Arabia
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Hidayati NV, Syakti AD, Asia L, Lebarillier S, Khabouchi I, Widowati I, Sabdono A, Piram A, Doumenq P. Emerging contaminants detected in aquaculture sites in Java, Indonesia. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 773:145057. [PMID: 33592457 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.145057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Revised: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Pharmaceuticals of emerging concern (acetaminophen (ACM), trimethoprim (TMP), oxytetracycline (OTC), and sulfamethoxazole (SMX)) were detected in water samples from aquaculture environments and nonaquaculture sites in four regions located on the northern coast of Central Java. ACM was the most prevalent pharmaceutical, with a mean concentration ranging from not detected (n.d.) to 5.5 ± 1.9 ngL-1 (Brebes). Among the target antibiotics (TMP, OTC, SMX), OTC was the most ubiquitous, with a mean concentration varying from n.d. to 8.0 ± 3.3 ngL-1. Correlation analysis demonstrated that there was a significant correlation between TMP and SMX concentrations. Based on ecological risk assessment evaluation, the use of OTC requires serious consideration, as it presented high health risks to algae, while ACM, TMP, and SMX posed an insignificant to moderate risk to algae, invertebrates, and fish. The findings obtained from this study highlight OTC as an emerging contaminant of prominent concern. More attention needs to be given to managing and planning for the sustainable management of shrimp farms, particularly in the northern part of Central Java.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuning Vita Hidayati
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LCE, Marseille, France; Fisheries and Marine Science Faculty - Jenderal Soedirman University, Kampus Karangwangkal, Jl. dr. Suparno, Purwokerto 53123, Indonesia; Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Soedharto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang 50275, Indonesia; Center for Maritime Biosciences Studies - Institute for Sciences and Community Service, Jenderal Soedirman University, Kampus Karangwangkal, Jl. dr. Suparno, Purwokerto 53123, Indonesia
| | - Agung Dhamar Syakti
- Center for Maritime Biosciences Studies - Institute for Sciences and Community Service, Jenderal Soedirman University, Kampus Karangwangkal, Jl. dr. Suparno, Purwokerto 53123, Indonesia; Marine Science and Fisheries Faculty - Raja Ali Haji Maritime University, Jl. Politeknik Senggarang-Tanjungpinang, Riau Islands Province 29100, Indonesia.
| | | | | | | | - Ita Widowati
- Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Soedharto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang 50275, Indonesia
| | - Agus Sabdono
- Faculty of Fisheries and Marine Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro, Jl. Prof. Soedharto, SH, Tembalang, Semarang 50275, Indonesia
| | - Anne Piram
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, LCE, Marseille, France
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Astaxanthin pretreatment attenuates acetaminophen-induced liver injury in mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2017; 45:26-33. [PMID: 28152447 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2016] [Revised: 01/20/2017] [Accepted: 01/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acetaminophen (APAP) is a conventional drug widely used in the clinic because of its antipyretic-analgesic effects. However, accidental or intentional APAP overdoses induce liver injury and even acute liver failure (ALF). Astaxanthin (ASX) is the strongest antioxidant in nature that shows preventive and therapeutic properties, such as ocular protection, anti-tumor, anti-diabetes, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulatory effects. The aim of present study was to determine whether ASX pretreatment provides protection against APAP-induced liver failure. METHODS Male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into 7 groups, including control, oil, ASX (30mg/kg or 60mg/kg), APAP and APAP+ASX (30mg/kg or 60mg/kg) groups. Saline, olive oil and ASX were administered for 14days. The APAP and APAP+ASX groups were given a peritoneal injection of 700mg/kg or 300mg/kg APAP to determine the 5-day survival rate and for further observation, respectively. Blood and liver samples were collected to detect alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), inflammation, oxidative stress and antioxidant systems, and to observe histopathologic changes and key proteins in the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) family. RESULTS ASX pretreatment before APAP increased the 5-day survival rate in a dose-dependent manner and reduced the ALT, AST, hepatic necrosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, lipid peroxidation (LPO), oxidative stress and pro-inflammatory factors. ASX protected against APAP toxicity by inhibiting the depletion of glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Administration of ASX did not change the expression of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and P38. However, phosphorylation of JNK, ERK and P38 was reduced, consistent with the level of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and TNF receptor-associated factor 2 (TRAF2). CONCLUSION ASX provided protection for the liver against APAP hepatotoxicity by alleviating hepatocyte necrosis, blocking ROS generation, inhibiting oxidative stress, and reducing apoptosis by inhibiting the TNF-α-mediated JNK signal pathway and by phosphorylation of ERK and P38, which made sense in preventing and treating liver damage.
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9
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Zurlinden TJ, Reisfeld B. Characterizing the Effects of Race/Ethnicity on Acetaminophen Pharmacokinetics Using Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic Modeling. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2016; 42:143-153. [DOI: 10.1007/s13318-016-0329-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Zurlinden TJ, Heard K, Reisfeld B. A novel approach for estimating ingested dose associated with paracetamol overdose. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2015; 81:634-45. [PMID: 26441245 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.12796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Revised: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 10/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM In cases of paracetamol (acetaminophen, APAP) overdose, an accurate estimate of tissue-specific paracetamol pharmacokinetics (PK) and ingested dose can offer health care providers important information for the individualized treatment and follow-up of affected patients. Here a novel methodology is presented to make such estimates using a standard serum paracetamol measurement and a computational framework. METHODS The core component of the computational framework was a physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model developed and evaluated using an extensive set of human PK data. Bayesian inference was used for parameter and dose estimation, allowing the incorporation of inter-study variability, and facilitating the calculation of uncertainty in model outputs. RESULTS Simulations of paracetamol time course concentrations in the blood were in close agreement with experimental data under a wide range of dosing conditions. Also, predictions of administered dose showed good agreement with a large collection of clinical and emergency setting PK data over a broad dose range. In addition to dose estimation, the platform was applied for the determination of optimal blood sampling times for dose reconstruction and quantitation of the potential role of paracetamol conjugate measurement on dose estimation. CONCLUSIONS Current therapies for paracetamol overdose rely on a generic methodology involving the use of a clinical nomogram. By using the computational framework developed in this study, serum sample data, and the individual patient's anthropometric and physiological information, personalized serum and liver pharmacokinetic profiles and dose estimate could be generated to help inform an individualized overdose treatment and follow-up plan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Todd J Zurlinden
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, 80523-1370
| | - Kennon Heard
- Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, 12401 E. 17th Avenue Campus Box B-215, Aurora, CO, 80045.,Rocky Mountain Poison and Drug Center, Denver, CO, 80204
| | - Brad Reisfeld
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, 80523-1370.,School of Biomedical Engineering, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, 80523-1376, USA
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Kim H, Kim Y, Guk K, Yoo D, Lim H, Kang G, Lee D. Fully biodegradable and cationic poly(amino oxalate) particles for the treatment of acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure. Int J Pharm 2012; 434:243-50. [PMID: 22664461 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2012.05.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2012] [Revised: 05/23/2012] [Accepted: 05/27/2012] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Acute inflammatory diseases are one of major causes of death in the world and there is great need for developing drug delivery systems that can target drugs to macrophages and enhance their therapeutic efficacy. Poly(amino oxalate) (PAOX) is a new family of fully biodegradable polymer that possesses tertiary amine groups in its backbone and has rapid hydrolytic degradation. In this study, we developed PAOX particles as drug delivery systems for treating acute liver failure (ALF) by taking the advantages of the natural propensity of particulate drug delivery systems to localize to the mononuclear phagocyte system, particularly to liver macrophages. PAOX particles showed a fast drug release kinetics and excellent biocompatibility in vitro and in vivo. A majority of PAOX particles were accumulated in liver, providing a rational strategy for effective treatment of ALF. A mouse model of acetaminophen (APAP)-induced ALF was used to evaluate the potential of PAOX particles using pentoxifylline (PTX) as a model drug. Treatment of PTX-loaded PAOX particles significantly reduced the activity of alanine transaminase (ALT) and inhibited hepatic cell damages in APAP-intoxicated mice. The high therapeutic efficacy of PTX-loaded PAOX particles for ALF treatment may be attributed to the unique properties of PAOX particles, which can target passively liver, stimulate cellular uptake and trigger a colloid osmotic disruption of the phagosome to release encapsulated PTX into the cytosol. Taken together, we believe that PAOX particles are a promising drug delivery candidate for the treatment of acute inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyungmin Kim
- Department of BIN Fusion Technology, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Republic of Korea
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Alhelail MA, Hoppe JA, Rhyee SH, Heard KJ. Clinical course of repeated supratherapeutic ingestion of acetaminophen. Clin Toxicol (Phila) 2011; 49:108-12. [DOI: 10.3109/15563650.2011.554839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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13
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Liu HH, Lu P, Guo Y, Farrell E, Zhang X, Zheng M, Bosano B, Zhang Z, Allard J, Liao G, Fu S, Chen J, Dolim K, Kuroda A, Usuka J, Cheng J, Tao W, Welch K, Liu Y, Pease J, de Keczer SA, Masjedizadeh M, Hu JS, Weller P, Garrow T, Peltz G. An integrative genomic analysis identifies Bhmt2 as a diet-dependent genetic factor protecting against acetaminophen-induced liver toxicity. Genome Res 2009; 20:28-35. [PMID: 19923254 DOI: 10.1101/gr.097212.109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Acetaminophen-induced liver toxicity is the most frequent precipitating cause of acute liver failure and liver transplant, but contemporary medical practice has mainly focused on patient management after a liver injury has been induced. An integrative genetic, transcriptional, and two-dimensional NMR-based metabolomic analysis performed using multiple inbred mouse strains, along with knowledge-based filtering of these data, identified betaine-homocysteine methyltransferase 2 (Bhmt2) as a diet-dependent genetic factor that affected susceptibility to acetaminophen-induced liver toxicity in mice. Through an effect on methionine and glutathione biosynthesis, Bhmt2 could utilize its substrate (S-methylmethionine [SMM]) to confer protection against acetaminophen-induced injury in vivo. Since SMM is only synthesized in plants, Bhmt2 exerts its beneficial effect in a diet-dependent manner. Identification of Bhmt2 and the affected biosynthetic pathway demonstrates how a novel method of integrative genomic analysis in mice can provide a unique and clinically applicable approach to a major public health problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Hsing Liu
- Department of Genetics and Genomics, Roche Palo Alto, Palo Alto, California 94304, USA.
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Feng B, Wu S, Lv S, Fang J, Liu F, Li Y, Gao Y, Yan X, Dong F, Wei L. Dynamic metabonomic analysis of BALB/c mice with different outcomes after D-galactosamine/lipopolysaccharide-induced fulminant hepatic failure. Liver Transpl 2008; 14:1620-31. [PMID: 18975270 DOI: 10.1002/lt.21578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Fulminant hepatic failure (FHF) is one of the most challenging gastrointestinal emergencies encountered in clinical practice. Early identification of patients with FHF who need liver transplantation is very important. To construct a prediction model for the early diagnosis and prognosis of FHF, we studied the dynamics of metabolic intermediates and metabolic profiles with a D-galactosamine (GalN)/lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated BALB/c mouse model of FHF. Levels of plasma metabolites were quantified with gas chromatography/time-of-flight mass spectrometry, and data were processed with partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). Distinct clustering differences were observed 5 and 6 hours after GalN/LPS treatment between mice that survived and those that died, but there were no differences between these groups 4 hours after treatment. Five hours after treatment, plasma levels of some metabolites differed significantly between the survival, dead, and control groups. Ketogenesis and the tricarboxylic acid cycle were inhibited in both the survival and dead groups, but in the dead group, the urea cycle was also inhibited, and glycolysis was elevated. PLS-DA indicated that principal component weighting was greatest for plasma levels of phosphate, beta-hydroxybutyrate, urea, glucose, and lactate. The Y-predicted scatter plot in the partial least squares (PLS) model assigned samples to the survival or dead groups with an a priori cutoff of 0.10 with 100% sensitivity and specificity. Similar results were observed in 11 FHF patients with different outcomes. In conclusion, the PLS model based on metabonomic analysis can be used to predict outcomes well, and plasma levels of phosphate, beta-hydroxybutyrate, urea, glucose, and lactate may constitute a set of markers for the early diagnosis and prognosis of FHF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Feng
- Hepatology Institute, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China
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