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Dobariya P, Xie W, Rao SP, Xie J, Seelig DM, Vince R, Lee MK, More SS. Deletion of Glyoxalase 1 Exacerbates Acetaminophen-Induced Hepatotoxicity in Mice. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:648. [PMID: 38929087 PMCID: PMC11200933 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13060648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose triggers a cascade of intracellular oxidative stress events, culminating in acute liver injury. The clinically used antidote, N-acetylcysteine (NAC), has a narrow therapeutic window, and early treatment is essential for a satisfactory therapeutic outcome. For more versatile therapies that can be effective even at late presentation, the intricacies of APAP-induced hepatotoxicity must be better understood. Accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and the consequent activation of the receptor for AGEs (RAGE) are considered one of the key mechanistic features of APAP toxicity. Glyoxalase 1 (Glo-1) regulates AGE formation by limiting the levels of methylglyoxal (MEG). In this study, we studied the relevance of Glo-1 in the APAP-mediated activation of RAGE and downstream cell death cascades. Constitutive Glo-1-knockout mice (GKO) and a cofactor of Glo-1, ψ-GSH, were used as tools. Our findings showed elevated oxidative stress resulting from the activation of RAGE and hepatocyte necrosis through steatosis in GKO mice treated with high-dose APAP compared to wild-type controls. A unique feature of the hepatic necrosis in GKO mice was the appearance of microvesicular steatosis as a result of centrilobular necrosis, rather than the inflammation seen in the wild type. The GSH surrogate and general antioxidant ψ-GSH alleviated APAP toxicity irrespective of the Glo-1 status, suggesting that oxidative stress is the primary driver of APAP toxicity. Overall, the exacerbation of APAP hepatotoxicity in GKO mice suggests the importance of this enzyme system in antioxidant defense against the initial stages of APAP overdose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakashkumar Dobariya
- Center for Drug Design, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (P.D.); (W.X.); (S.P.R.); (J.X.); (R.V.)
| | - Wei Xie
- Center for Drug Design, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (P.D.); (W.X.); (S.P.R.); (J.X.); (R.V.)
| | - Swetha Pavani Rao
- Center for Drug Design, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (P.D.); (W.X.); (S.P.R.); (J.X.); (R.V.)
| | - Jiashu Xie
- Center for Drug Design, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (P.D.); (W.X.); (S.P.R.); (J.X.); (R.V.)
| | - Davis M. Seelig
- Comparative Pathology Shared Resource, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA;
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, MN 55108, USA
| | - Robert Vince
- Center for Drug Design, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (P.D.); (W.X.); (S.P.R.); (J.X.); (R.V.)
| | - Michael K. Lee
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA;
- Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Swati S. More
- Center for Drug Design, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; (P.D.); (W.X.); (S.P.R.); (J.X.); (R.V.)
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2
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Dobariya P, Xie W, Rao SP, Xie J, Seelig DM, Vince R, Lee MK, More SS. Deletion of Glyoxalase 1 exacerbates acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity in mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.21.572856. [PMID: 38187538 PMCID: PMC10769331 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.21.572856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose triggers a cascade of intracellular oxidative stress events culminating in acute liver injury. The clinically used antidote, N-acetylcysteine (NAC) has a narrow therapeutic window and early treatment is essential for satisfactory therapeutic outcome. For more versatile therapies that can be effective even at late-presentation, the intricacies of APAP-induced hepatotoxicity must be better understood. Accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) and consequent activation of the receptor for AGEs (RAGE) are considered one of the key mechanistic features of APAP toxicity. Glyoxalase-1 (Glo-1) regulates AGE formation by limiting the levels of methylglyoxal (MEG). In this study, we studied the relevance of Glo-1 in APAP mediated activation of RAGE and downstream cell-death cascades. Constitutive Glo-1 knockout mice (GKO) and a cofactor of Glo-1, ψ-GSH, were employed as tools. Our findings show elevated oxidative stress, activation of RAGE and hepatocyte necrosis through steatosis in GKO mice treated with high-dose APAP compared to wild type controls. A unique feature of the hepatic necrosis in GKO mice is the appearance of microvesicular steatosis as a result of centrilobular necrosis, rather than inflammation seen in wild type. The GSH surrogate and general antioxidant, ψ-GSH alleviated APAP toxicity irrespective of Glo-1 status, suggesting that oxidative stress being the primary driver of APAP toxicity. Overall, exacerbation of APAP hepatotoxicity in GKO mice suggests the importance of this enzyme system in antioxidant defense against initial stages of APAP overdose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakashkumar Dobariya
- Center for Drug Design, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Wei Xie
- Center for Drug Design, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Swetha Pavani Rao
- Center for Drug Design, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Jiashu Xie
- Center for Drug Design, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Davis M. Seelig
- Comparative Pathology Shared Resource, Masonic Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA
| | - Robert Vince
- Center for Drug Design, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Michael K. Lee
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
- Institute for Translational Neuroscience, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Swati S. More
- Center for Drug Design, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
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3
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Sakasai-Sakai A, Takeda K, Takeuchi M. Involvement of Intracellular TAGE and the TAGE-RAGE-ROS Axis in the Onset and Progression of NAFLD/NASH. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030748. [PMID: 36978995 PMCID: PMC10045097 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The repeated excessive intake of sugar, a factor that contributes to the onset of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its progression to the chronic form of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), markedly increases the hepatocyte content of glyceraldehyde (GA), a glucose/fructose metabolic intermediate. Toxic advanced glycation end-products (toxic AGEs, TAGE) are synthesized by cross-linking reactions between the aldehyde group of GA and the amino group of proteins, and their accumulation has been implicated in the development of NAFLD/NASH and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Our previous findings not only showed that hepatocyte disorders were induced by the intracellular accumulation of TAGE, but they also indicated that extracellular leakage resulted in elevated TAGE concentrations in circulating fluids. Interactions between extracellular TAGE and receptor for AGEs (RAGE) affect intracellular signaling and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, which may, in turn, contribute to the pathological changes observed in NAFLD/NASH. RAGE plays a role in the effects of the extracellular leakage of TAGE on the surrounding cells, which ultimately promote the onset and progression of NAFLD/NASH. This review describes the relationships between intracellular TAGE levels and hepatocyte and hepatic stellate cell (HSC) damage as well as the TAGE-RAGE-ROS axis in hepatocytes, HSC, and HCC cells. The "TAGE theory" will provide novel insights for future research on NAFLD/NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akiko Sakasai-Sakai
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada-machi, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
| | - Kenji Takeda
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada-machi, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Takeuchi
- Department of Advanced Medicine, Medical Research Institute, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada-machi, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
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Wang J, Zhang L, Shi Q, Yang B, He Q, Wang J, Weng Q. Targeting innate immune responses to attenuate acetaminophen-induced hepatotoxicity. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 202:115142. [PMID: 35700755 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Acetaminophen (APAP) hepatotoxicity is an important cause of acute liver failure, resulting in massive deaths in many developed countries. Currently, the metabolic process of APAP in the body has been well studied. However, the underlying mechanism of APAP-induced liver injury remains elusive. Increasing clinical and experimental evidences indicate that the innate immune responses are involved in the pathogenesis of APAP-induced acute liver injury (AILI), in which immune cells have dual roles of inducing inflammation to exacerbate hepatotoxicity and removing dead cells and debris to help liver regeneration. In this review, we summarize the latest findings of innate immune cells involved in AILI, particularly emphasizing the activation of innate immune cells and their different roles during the injury and repair phases. Moreover, current available treatments are discussed according to the different roles of innate immune cells in the development of AILI. This review aims to update the knowledge about innate immune responses in the pathogenesis of AILI, and provide potential therapeutic interventions for AILI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jincheng Wang
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Lulu Zhang
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qi Shi
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Bo Yang
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qiaojun He
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
| | - Qinjie Weng
- Center for Drug Safety Evaluation and Research, Zhejiang Province Key Laboratory of Anti-Cancer Drug Research, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Hangzhou Institute of Innovative Medicine, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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5
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Wada K, Nakashima Y, Yamakawa M, Hori A, Seishima M, Tanabashi S, Matsushita S, Tokimitsu N, Nagata C. Dietary advanced glycation end products and cancer risk in Japan: from the Takayama study. Cancer Sci 2022; 113:2839-2848. [PMID: 35662347 PMCID: PMC9357612 DOI: 10.1111/cas.15455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2022] [Revised: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Few large epidemiological studies have evaluated the association between dietary advanced glycation end products (AGEs) and cancer risk. We evaluated the relationship between dietary AGE intake and the incidence of total cancer and site‐specific cancers in a population‐based prospective study in Japan. Participants were 14,173 men and 16,549 women who were 35 years of age or older in 1992. Dietary intake was assessed via a validated food frequency questionnaire. Intake of the AGE Nε‐carboxymethyl‐lysine (CML) was estimated using databases of CML content in foods determined using ultraperformance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Cancer incidence was confirmed through regional population‐based cancer registries. During a mean follow‐up period of 13.3 years, 1954 men and 1477 women developed cancer. We did not observe a significant association between CML intake and the risk of total cancer in men or women. In men, compared with the lowest quartile of CML intake, the hazard ratios of liver cancer for the second, third, and highest quartiles were 1.69 (95% CI: 0.92–3.10), 1.48 (95% CI: 0.77–2.84), and 2.10 (95% CI: 1.10–3.98; trend p = 0.04). Conversely, a decreased relative risk of male stomach cancer was observed for the second and highest quartiles of CML intake versus the lowest quartile, with hazard ratios of 0.73 and 0.67, respectively (trend p = 0.08). Our finding on the potential harmfulness of consuming AGEs on liver cancer risk is intriguing and warrants further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Wada
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine Gifu Japan
| | - Yuma Nakashima
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine Gifu Japan
| | - Michiyo Yamakawa
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine Gifu Japan
| | | | - Mitsuru Seishima
- Department of Internal Medicine, Takayama Red Cross Hospital Gifu Japan
| | - Shinobu Tanabashi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Takayama Red Cross Hospital Gifu Japan
| | | | - Naoki Tokimitsu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Takayama Red Cross Hospital Gifu Japan
| | - Chisato Nagata
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine Gifu Japan
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6
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Higher hepatic advanced glycation end products and liver damage markers are associated with non-alcoholic steatohepatitis. Nutr Res 2022; 104:71-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2022.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Simvastatin Improves Microcirculatory Function in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Downregulates Oxidative and ALE-RAGE Stress. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14030716. [PMID: 35277075 PMCID: PMC8838100 DOI: 10.3390/nu14030716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased reactive oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, inflammation, and fibrosis, which contribute to tissue damage and development and progression of nonalcoholic liver disease (NAFLD), play important roles in microcirculatory disorders. We investigated the effect of the modulatory properties of simvastatin (SV) on the liver and adipose tissue microcirculation as well as metabolic and oxidative stress parameters, including the advanced lipoxidation end product–receptors of advanced glycation end products (ALE-RAGE) pathway. SV was administered to an NAFLD model constructed using a high-fat–high-carbohydrate diet (HFHC). HFHC caused metabolic changes indicative of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis; treatment with SV protected the mice from developing NAFLD. SV prevented microcirculatory dysfunction in HFHC-fed mice, as evidenced by decreased leukocyte recruitment to hepatic and fat microcirculation, decreased hepatic stellate cell activation, and improved hepatic capillary network architecture and density. SV restored basal microvascular blood flow in the liver and adipose tissue and restored the endothelium-dependent vasodilatory response of adipose tissue to acetylcholine. SV treatment restored antioxidant enzyme activity and decreased lipid peroxidation, ALE-RAGE pathway activation, steatosis, fibrosis, and inflammatory parameters. Thus, SV may improve microcirculatory function in NAFLD by downregulating oxidative and ALE-RAGE stress and improving steatosis, fibrosis, and inflammatory parameters.
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Laurino M, Alfì G, Billeci L, Bortone I, Buzzigoli E, Cecchi A, Del Ry S, Gastaldelli A, Lai E, Morales MA, Pagni C, Passino C, Severino S, Tonacci A, Gemignani A, Trivella MG. Healthy aging: the INTECMAN project. Aging Clin Exp Res 2021; 33:2011-2015. [PMID: 31894564 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-019-01444-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 12/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Aging is associated not only with the reduction of psychophysical and sensory capacities but also with different types of neurodegenerative disorders up to dementia manifestations. Aging in health and self-sufficiency is strictly dependent on the prevention and correction of factors that may determine reduction of psychophysical capacities (e.g., cardiovascular, locomotor and neurodegenerative ones). To reach this goal, due to the dynamics of social and family changes and to the aging of the population, health professionals can be supported by technologies which provide noninvasive monitoring of physiologic parameters and rely on telemedicine, both instruments of support and care for better aging in the home setting. The authors, starting from the initial idea of a personalized monitoring of different psychophysical variables, defined a pilot study to assess the role of a 12-month individually tailored lifestyle counseling on parameters of mild cognitive impairment in a group of elderly subjects. Data derived from the applied approach appeared promising and may open the road to the possible implementation of individual counseling, based on multiparametric non-obtrusive technologies which take into consideration both psychological and physical aspects, to be followed in the home environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Laurino
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Via Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy.
| | | | - Lucia Billeci
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Via Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ilaria Bortone
- Research Unit on Frailty Phenotypes, National Institute of Gastronenterology and Research Hospital Saverio De Bellis, Castellana Grotte-Bari, Italy
| | - Emma Buzzigoli
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Via Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy
| | - Antonella Cecchi
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Via Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy
| | - Silvia Del Ry
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Via Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy
| | - Amalia Gastaldelli
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Via Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Maria Aurora Morales
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Via Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Alessandro Tonacci
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Via Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy
| | - Angelo Gemignani
- Institute of Clinical Physiology, National Research Council, Via Moruzzi 1, Pisa, Italy
- University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
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Park JW, Kim MJ, Kim SE, Kim HJ, Jeon YC, Shin HY, Park SJ, Jang MK, Kim DJ, Park CK, Choi EK. Increased Expression of S100B and RAGE in a Mouse Model of Bile Duct Ligation-induced Liver Fibrosis. J Korean Med Sci 2021; 36:e90. [PMID: 33847081 PMCID: PMC8042478 DOI: 10.3346/jkms.2021.36.e90] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Liver fibrosis is defined as the accumulation of the extracellular matrix and scar formation. The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) has been demonstrated to participate in fibrogenesis. S100B is a ligand of RAGE and exerts extracellular functions by inducing a series of signal transduction cascades. However, the involvement of S100B and RAGE in cholestasis-induced liver fibrosis remains unclear. In this study, we investigated S100B and RAGE expression during liver fibrosis in mice that underwent common bile duct ligation (BDL). METHODS BDL was performed in 10-week-old male C57BL/6J mice with sham control (n = 26) and BDL (n = 26) groups. Expression levels of S100B, RAGE and fibrotic markers in the livers from both groups at week 1 and 3 after BDL were examined by western blot and quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis. Liver fibrotic changes were examined by histological and ultrastructural analysis. RESULTS Histological staining with Sirius Red and the evaluation of the messenger RNA expression of fibrotic markers showed noticeable periportal fibrosis and bile duct proliferation. S100B was mainly present in bile duct epithelial cells, and its expression was upregulated in proportion to the ductular reaction during fibrogenesis by BDL. RAGE expression was also increased, and interestingly, triple immunofluorescence staining and transmission electron microscopy showed that both S100B and RAGE were expressed in proliferating bile duct epithelial cells and activated hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) of the BDL livers. In addition, in rat HSCs (HSC-T6), treatment with recombinant S100B protein significantly increased fibrotic markers in a dose-dependent manner, and RAGE small interfering RNA (siRNA) suppressed S100B-stimulated upregulation of fibrotic markers compared with cells treated with scramble siRNA and S100B. CONCLUSION These findings suggest that the increased expression of S100B and RAGE and the interaction between S100B and RAGE may play an important role in ductular reaction and liver fibrosis induced by BDL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Won Park
- Department of Biomedical Gerontology, Graduate School of Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Medical Center, Anyang, Korea
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Mo Jong Kim
- Department of Biomedical Gerontology, Graduate School of Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
- Ilsong Institute of Life Science, Hallym University, Anyang, Korea
| | - Sung Eun Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Medical Center, Anyang, Korea
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Hee Jun Kim
- Ilsong Institute of Life Science, Hallym University, Anyang, Korea
| | - Yong Chul Jeon
- Ilsong Institute of Life Science, Hallym University, Anyang, Korea
| | - Hae Young Shin
- Ilsong Institute of Life Science, Hallym University, Anyang, Korea
| | - Se Jin Park
- Ilsong Institute of Life Science, Hallym University, Anyang, Korea
| | - Myoung Kuk Jang
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kangdong Sacred Heart Hospital of Hallym University Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong Joon Kim
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
- Department of Internal Medicine, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital of Hallym University Medical Center, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Choong Kee Park
- Department of Internal Medicine, Hallym University Medical Center, Anyang, Korea
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Diseases, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Eun Kyoung Choi
- Department of Biomedical Gerontology, Graduate School of Hallym University, Chuncheon, Korea
- Ilsong Institute of Life Science, Hallym University, Anyang, Korea.
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10
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Petriv N, Neubert L, Vatashchuk M, Timrott K, Suo H, Hochnadel I, Huber R, Petzold C, Hrushchenko A, Yatsenko AS, Shcherbata HR, Wedemeyer H, Lichtinghagen R, Falfushynska H, Lushchak V, Manns MP, Bantel H, Semchyshyn H, Yevsa T. Increase of α-dicarbonyls in liver and receptor for advanced glycation end products on immune cells are linked to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and liver cancer. Oncoimmunology 2021; 10:1874159. [PMID: 33628620 PMCID: PMC7889131 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2021.1874159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary malignancy of the liver with a very poor prognosis and constantly growing incidence. Among other primary risks of HCC, metabolic disorders and obesity have been extensively investigated over recent decades. The latter can promote nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) leading to the inflammatory form of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), that, in turn, promotes HCC. Molecular determinants of this pathogenic progression, however, remain largely undefined. In this study, we have focussed on the investigation of α-dicarbonyl compounds (α-dC), highly reactive and tightly associated with overweight-induced metabolic disorders, and studied their potential role in NAFLD and progression toward HCC using murine models. NAFLD was induced using high-fat diet (HFD). Autochthonous HCC was induced using transposon-based stable intrahepatic overexpression of oncogenic NRASG12V in mice lacking p19Arf tumor suppressor. Our study demonstrates that the HFD regimen and HCC resulted in strong upregulation of α-dC in the liver, heart, and muscles. In addition, an increase in α-dC was confirmed in sera of NAFLD and NASH patients. Furthermore, higher expression of the receptor for advanced glycation products (RAGE) was detected exclusively on immune cells and not on stroma cells in livers of mice with liver cancer progression. Our work confirms astable interplay of liver inflammation, carbonyl stress mediated by α-dC, and upregulated RAGE expression on CD8+ Tand natural killer (NK) cells in situ in NAFLD and HCC, as key factors/determinants in liver disease progression. The obtained findings underline the role of α-dC and RAGE+CD8+ Tand RAGE+ NK cells as biomarkers and candidates for a local therapeutic intervention in NAFLD and malignant liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nataliia Petriv
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Lavinia Neubert
- Institute of Pathology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Myroslava Vatashchuk
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
| | - Kai Timrott
- Department of General-, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Huizhen Suo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Inga Hochnadel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - René Huber
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | | | - Anastasiia Hrushchenko
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
| | - Andriy S Yatsenko
- Gene Expression and Signaling Group, Institute of Cell Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - Halyna R Shcherbata
- Gene Expression and Signaling Group, Institute of Cell Biochemistry, Hannover Medical School, Germany
| | - Heiner Wedemeyer
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Ralf Lichtinghagen
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Halina Falfushynska
- Department of Biochemistry, Ternopil Volodymyr Hnatiuk National Pedagogical University, Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Volodymyr Lushchak
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
| | - Michael P Manns
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Heike Bantel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Halyna Semchyshyn
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine
| | - Tetyana Yevsa
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
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11
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Abdel-Razik A, Mousa N, Zakaria S, Abdelsalam M, Eissa M, Abd El-Ghany MI, Hasan AS, Elhelaly R, Elzehery R, El-Wakeel N, Eldars W. Advanced Glycation End Products as a Predictor of Diabetes Mellitus in Chronic Hepatitis C-Related Cirrhosis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:588519. [PMID: 33195350 PMCID: PMC7649387 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.588519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aims: Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) were found to be involved in the pathogenesis of various disorders. Chronic hepatitis C virus infection is the major cause of liver cirrhosis development and glucose metabolism alteration. We aimed to explore the association of AGEs with the development of diabetes mellitus (DM) in patients with cirrhosis in this study. Methods: Only 144 of the 165 non-diabetic patients with cirrhosis were consecutively included in this prospective cohort pilot study, in addition to 72 healthy control subjects. Clinical data and biochemical parameters including basal insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity indices together with AGEs were evaluated in all participants at baseline and every 1 year thereafter for 2 years. Multivariable Cox regression analysis was used to determine the parameters that could predict the development of DM within this period. Results: DM developed in 14 (10%) patients only. Univariate Cox regression analysis showed that AGEs (P = 0.004), Homeostatic Model Assessment-Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) (P = 0.018), HOMA-β (P = 0.015), and age (P = 0.012) were associated with DM. After adjusting multiple confounders, the multivariable Cox regression model showed that AGEs, HOMA-IR, and age were the strongest variables associated with DM (all P < 0.05). Using the receiver operating characteristic curve, AGEs at a cutoff value of more than 82.4 ng/ml had 99.23% specificity, 100% sensitivity, and 0.992 area under the curve (AUC) (all P < 0.001) for DM prediction. Conclusion: Our study suggests that AGEs are related to increased incidence of DM, especially in patients with cirrhosis, which is very promising in lowering the risk of DM in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Abdel-Razik
- Tropical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Nasser Mousa
- Tropical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Sahar Zakaria
- Tropical Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mostafa Abdelsalam
- Nephrology and Dialysis Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Eissa
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohammed I Abd El-Ghany
- Endocrinology and Diabetes Unit, Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ahmad S Hasan
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Rania Elhelaly
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Rasha Elzehery
- Clinical Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Niveen El-Wakeel
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Waleed Eldars
- Medical Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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12
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Haque E, Kamil M, Hasan A, Irfan S, Sheikh S, Khatoon A, Nazir A, Mir SS. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs), protein aggregation and their cross talk: new insight in tumorigenesis. Glycobiology 2020; 30:49-57. [PMID: 31508802 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwz073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein glycation and protein aggregation are two distinct phenomena being observed in cancer cells as factors promoting cancer cell viability. Protein aggregation is an abnormal interaction between proteins caused as a result of structural changes in them after any mutation or environmental assault. Protein aggregation is usually associated with neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, but of late, research findings have shown its association with the development of different cancers like lung, breast and ovarian cancer. On the contrary, protein glycation is a cascade of irreversible nonenzymatic reaction of reducing sugar with the amino group of the protein resulting in the modification of protein structure and formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). These AGEs are reported to obstruct the normal function of proteins. Lately, it has been reported that protein aggregation occurs as a result of AGEs. This aggregation of protein promotes the transformation of healthy cells to neoplasia leading to tumorigenesis. In this review, we underline the current knowledge of protein aggregation and glycation along with the cross talk between the two, which may eventually lead to the development of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ejazul Haque
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow 226026, India.,Department of Immunology and Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Split, Soltanskaul. 2, 21000, Split, Croatia
| | - Mohd Kamil
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow 226026, India.,Department of Immunology and Medical Genetics, School of Medicine, University of Split, Soltanskaul. 2, 21000, Split, Croatia.,Department of Microbiology, Beykoz Life Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (BILSAB), Bezmialem Vakif University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Adria Hasan
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow 226026, India
| | - Safia Irfan
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow 226026, India
| | - Saba Sheikh
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow 226026, India
| | - Aisha Khatoon
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow 226026, India
| | - Aamir Nazir
- Division of Neuroscience and Ageing Biology, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, BS-10/1, Sector 10, Jankipuram extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow, 226031, India
| | - Snober S Mir
- Department of Bioengineering, Faculty of Engineering, Integral University, Kursi Road, Lucknow 226026, India
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13
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Cha SH, Hwang Y, Heo SJ, Jun HS. Indole-4-carboxaldehyde Isolated from Seaweed, Sargassum thunbergii, Attenuates Methylglyoxal-Induced Hepatic Inflammation. Mar Drugs 2019; 17:E486. [PMID: 31438528 PMCID: PMC6780312 DOI: 10.3390/md17090486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 07/19/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucose degradation is aberrantly increased in hyperglycemia, which causes various harmful effects on the liver. Glyoxalase-1 (Glo-1) is a ubiquitous cellular enzyme that participates in the detoxification of methylglyoxal (MGO), a cytotoxic byproduct of glycolysis that induces protein modification (advanced glycation end-products, AGEs) and inflammation. Here, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effect of indole-4-carboxaldehyde (ST-I4C), which was isolated from the edible seaweed Sargassum thunbergii, on MGO-induced inflammation in HepG2 cells, a human hepatocyte cell line. ST-I4C attenuated the MGO-induced expression of inflammatory-related genes, such as tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IFN-γ by activating nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) without toxicity in HepG2 cells. In addition, ST-I4C reduced the MGO-induced AGE formation and the expression of the receptor for AGE (RAGE). Interestingly, both the mRNA and protein expression levels of Glo-1 increased following ST-I4C treatment, and the decrease in Glo-1 mRNA expression caused by MGO exposure was rescued by ST-I4C pretreatment. These results suggest that ST-I4C shows anti-inflammatory activity against MGO-induced inflammation in human hepatocytes by preventing an increase in the pro-inflammatory gene expression and AGE formation. Therefore, it represents a potential therapeutic agent for the prevention of hepatic steatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seon-Heui Cha
- Department of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Hanseo University, Chungcheongnam-do 31962, Korea
| | - Yongha Hwang
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Korea
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Korea
| | - Soo-Jin Heo
- Jeju International Marine Science Center for Research & Education, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology (KIOST), Jeju 63349, Korea
| | - Hee-Sook Jun
- Lee Gil Ya Cancer and Diabetes Institute, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Korea.
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University, Incheon 21999, Korea.
- Gachon Medical and Convergence Institute, Gachon Gil Medical Center, Incheon 21999, Korea.
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Zaman A, Arif Z, Moinuddin, Akhtar K, Ali WM, Alam K. A study on hepatopathic, dyslipidemic and immunogenic properties of fructosylated-HSA-AGE and binding of autoantibodies in sera of obese and overweight patients with fructosylated-HSA-AGE. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0216736. [PMID: 31116779 PMCID: PMC6530853 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0216736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Over consumption of fructose may lead to obesity and dyslipidemia and cause fructosylation-induced alterations in the structure and function of proteins. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of fructosylated-HSA-AGE in the pathogenesis of fatty liver (NAFLD and NASH) by biochemical, immunological and histological studies. Immunogenicity of fructosylated-HSA-AGE was probed by inducing antibodies in rabbits. Fructosylated-HSA-AGE was found to be highly immunogenic. Furthermore, fructosylated-HSA-AGE caused mild fibrosis with steatosis and portal inflammation of hepatocytes in experimental animals. Liver function test and dyslipidemic parameters in immunized animals were also found to be raised. Ultrasonography, which should form part of the assessment of chronically raised transaminases, shows fatty infiltration. Interestingly, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), bilirubin, total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) profiles confirms USG images of overweight, obese patients. Thus, present study demonstrates that fructosylated-HSA-AGE is hepatotoxic, immunologically active and may cause dyslipidemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asif Zaman
- Department of Biochemistry, J.N. Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Zarina Arif
- Department of Biochemistry, J.N. Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Moinuddin
- Department of Biochemistry, J.N. Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kafil Akhtar
- Department of Pathology, J.N. Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Wasif Mohammad Ali
- Department of Surgery, J.N. Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Khursheed Alam
- Department of Biochemistry, J.N. Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India
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15
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Allam MM, El Gazzar WB. Exendin-4, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist downregulates hepatic receptor for advanced glycation end products in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis rat model. Arch Physiol Biochem 2018; 124:10-17. [PMID: 28696785 DOI: 10.1080/13813455.2017.1348362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Exendin-4, a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist has been shown to have curative effects on hepatic steatosis in murine models. OBJECTIVE The present study aimed to elucidate the effect of Exendin-4 on hepatic receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) mRNA expression in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) rat model induced by high-fat diet. METHODS NASH was induced by high-fat diet intake, and Exendin-4 was given in two different doses. After 12 weeks, liver enzyme levels, hepatic triglycerides, antioxidant enzymes and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, and mRNA RAGE was detected using RT-PCR. RESULTS Exendin-4 in high dose reduced significantly liver enzymes activity, hepatic triglycerides, MDA levels and hepatic mRNA RAGE expression levels with significantly higher antioxidant enzymes activity. CONCLUSIONS Our results give further insights into the mechanisms underlying the curative role of Exendin-4 in NASH, suggesting that interference with RAGE may be a useful therapeutic approach to NASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona M Allam
- a Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine , Benha University , Benha , Egypt
| | - Walaa B El Gazzar
- b Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine , Benha University , Benha , Egypt
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16
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Formula derived Maillard reaction products in post-weaning intrauterine growth-restricted piglets induce developmental programming of hepatic oxidative stress independently of microRNA-21 and microRNA-155. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2018; 9:566-572. [PMID: 29310731 DOI: 10.1017/s2040174417001015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
We recently reported augmentation of lipid peroxidation products in the liver of intrauterine growth-restricted (IUGR) piglets fed a high load of Maillard reaction products (MRPs) during suckling period. The underlying mechanisms of MRPs effects remain unknown. Here, we studied the long-term impact of MRPs exposure on liver oxidative status of IUGR juvenile pigs. Livers of 54-day-old pigs suckled with formula containing either a high (HHF, n=8) or a low (LHF: n=8) load of MRPs were analyzed for protein carbonylation levels , activities and messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of glutathione (GSH) and main antioxidant regulators of redox homeostasis [Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) were measured. In addition, mRNA levels of miRNA-21 and miRNA-155 were measured. The liver of HHF group exhibited a high level of lipid peroxidation with significantly increased expression and activity of SOD. Further in liver of HHF group, CAT activity was decreased as compared with LHF group, though with comparable total protein carbonyl contents, GSH contents, and expression of GPx and microRNAs (miRNA-21 and miRNA-155). Our findings suggest that the potential mechanism of MRPs-mediated oxidative stress programming in liver of IUGR piglets may occur via impairment of antioxidant defenses.
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17
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Wen YJ, Yin MC. The anti-inflammatory and anti-glycative effects of rosmarinic acid in the livers of type 1 diabetic mice. Biomedicine (Taipei) 2017; 7:19. [PMID: 28840833 PMCID: PMC5571663 DOI: 10.1051/bmdcn/2017070319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2017] [Accepted: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Rosmarinic acid (RA) is a polyphenol present in members of the Lamiaceae family. In this study, yhe anti-inflammatory and anti-glycative effects of RA in the livers of type 1 diabetic mice were examined. Methods: The diabetic mice were divided into three groups: diabetic mice with 0, low dose RA (25 mg/ml), and high dose RA (50 mg/ml). One group of non-diabetic mice was used as a control for comparison. RA was supplied via daily 200 μL oral injections for 9 weeks. The level of interleukin (IL)-6, the tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, the prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), and the activity of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 in the livers were measured. The hepatic receptor of advanced glycative endproduct (RAGE), the sorbitol levels, and the glyoxalase 1 (GLO-1) activity were also determined. Results: Compared with diabetic group that received no RA, the groups with RA supplements at both levels of dosages had increased body weight and had both decreased water intake and feed intake (p < 0.05). RA intake was found to reduce plasma glucose level and elevate plasma insulin level when compared with the diabetic group that received no RA (p < 0.05). RA treatments lowered the hepatic level of IL-6, TNF-alpha, and PGE2, as well as the activity of COX-2 (p < 0.05). RA administration also decreased hepatic RAGE and sorbitol levels, and GLO-1 activity when compared with the diabetic group that received no RA (P < 0.05). Conclusion: These findings support the conclusion that rosmarinic acid (RA) could be a potent protective agent for the liver against diabetic injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ju Wen
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
| | - Mei-Chin Yin
- Department of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung 404, Taiwan
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18
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Pereira ENGDS, Silvares RR, Flores EEI, Rodrigues KL, Ramos IP, da Silva IJ, Machado MP, Miranda RA, Pazos-Moura CC, Gonçalves-de-Albuquerque CF, Faria-Neto HCDC, Tibiriça E, Daliry A. Hepatic microvascular dysfunction and increased advanced glycation end products are components of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. PLoS One 2017. [PMID: 28628674 PMCID: PMC5476253 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the pathophysiology of hepatic microcirculatory dysfunction in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). METHODS In Wistar rats, NAFLD model was induced by 20 weeks of high-fat diet (HFD) feeding. Rolling and adhesion of leukocytes and tissue perfusion in hepatic microcirculation were examined using in vivo microscopic and laser speckle contrast imaging (LSCI), respectively. Oxidative stress and inflamatory parameters were analysed by TBARs, catalase enzyme activity, RT-PCR and ELISA. The participation of advanced glycation end-products (AGE) and its receptor RAGE was evaluated by the measurement of gene and protein expression of RAGE by RT-PCR and Western-blot, respectively and by liver and serum quantification of fluorescent AGEs. RESULTS Wistar rats fed high-fat diet (HFD) showed increase in epididymal and abdominal fat content, systolic arterial blood pressure, fasting blood glucose levels, hepatic triglycerides and cholesterol, and impairment of glucose and insulin metabolisms. Liver histology confirmed the presence of steatosis and ultrasound analysis revealed increased liver size and parenchymal echogenicity in HFD-fed rats. HFD causes significant increases in leukocyte rolling and adhesion on hepatic microcirculation and decrease in liver microvascular blood flow. Liver tissue presented increase in oxidative stress and inflammtion. At 20 weeks, there was a significantly increase in AGE content in the liver and serum of HFD-fed rats and an increase in RAGE gene expression in the liver. CONCLUSION The increase in liver AGE levels and microcirculatory disturbances could play a role in the pathogenesis of liver injury and are key components of NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Raquel Rangel Silvares
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Investigation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Karine Lino Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Investigation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Isalira Peroba Ramos
- Laboratory of Celular and Molecular Cardiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- National Center of Structural Biology and Bio-imaging, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Igor José da Silva
- Laboratory of Pathology, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Rosiane Aparecida Miranda
- Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Eduardo Tibiriça
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Investigation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Anissa Daliry
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Investigation, Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Khanjarsim V, Karimi J, Khodadadi I, Mohammadalipour A, Goodarzi MT, Solgi G, Hashemnia M. Ameliorative Effects of Nilotinib on CCl4 Induced Liver Fibrosis Via Attenuation of RAGE/HMGB1 Gene Expression and Oxidative Stress in Rat. Chonnam Med J 2017; 53:118-126. [PMID: 28584790 PMCID: PMC5457946 DOI: 10.4068/cmj.2017.53.2.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2017] [Revised: 04/02/2017] [Accepted: 04/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Nilotinib as a tyrosine kinase inhibitor has been recently used to improve the liver fibrosis process, but the exact mechanisms still require further clarification. In this study, we investigated the anti-fibrotic effects of Nilotinib via RAGE/HMGB1axis and antioxidant mechanisms. This experimental study was performed in the Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Iran, from May 2015 to December 2016. Liver fibrosis was induced in Wistar male rats by CCL4. Rats were gavaged daily with Nilotinib (10 mg/kg). RAGE, HMGB1, TNF-α and TGF-β mRNA expression were evaluated by quantitative RT-PCR. TNF-α protein levels were measured using the immunoassay method. Thiol groups, carbonyl groups, nitric oxide levels and glutathione peroxidase activity were measured by spectrophotometric methods.The results showed that Nilotinib decreased TNF-α, TGF-β, RAGE and HMGB1 mRNA expression (p<0.001) in the liver tissues of the fibrosis group. Nilotinib also decreased carbonyl groups and nitric oxide levels and increased thiol groups and glutathione peroxidase activity in the fibrosis groups. The histopathological changes were found to be attenuated by Nilotinib. In conclusion, Nilotinib can improve liver fibrosis and open new mechanisms of the anti-fibrotic properties of Nilotinib.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Khanjarsim
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Jamshid Karimi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Iraj Khodadadi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Adel Mohammadalipour
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Taghi Goodarzi
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Ghasem Solgi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hashemnia
- Department of Pathobiology, Veterinary Medicine Faculty, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran
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Fabre NT, Thieme K, Silva KS, Catanozi S, Cavaleiro AM, Pinto DAC, Okamoto MM, Morais MRPT, Falquetto B, Zorn TM, Machado UF, Passarelli M, Correa-Giannella ML. Hormetic modulation of hepatic insulin sensitivity by advanced glycation end products. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2017; 447:116-124. [PMID: 28238722 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.02.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2016] [Revised: 02/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Because of the paucity of information regarding metabolic effects of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) on liver, we evaluated effects of AGEs chronic administration in (1) insulin sensitivity; (2) hepatic expression of genes involved in AGEs, glucose and fat metabolism, oxidative stress and inflammation and; (3) hepatic morphology and glycogen content. Rats received intraperitoneally albumin modified (AlbAGE) or not by advanced glycation for 12 weeks. AlbAGE induced whole-body insulin resistance concomitantly with increased hepatic insulin sensitivity, evidenced by activation of AKT, inactivation of GSK3, increased hepatic glycogen content, and decreased expression of gluconeogenesis genes. Additionally there was reduction in hepatic fat content, in expression of lipogenic, pro-inflamatory and pro-oxidative genes and increase in reactive oxygen species and in nuclear expression of NRF2, a transcription factor essential to cytoprotective response. Although considered toxic, AGEs become protective when administered chronically, stimulating AKT signaling, which is involved in cellular defense and insulin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nelly T Fabre
- Laboratório de Carboidratos e Radioimunoensaios (Laboratório de Investigações Médicas, LIM-18), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), Brazil
| | - Karina Thieme
- Laboratório de Carboidratos e Radioimunoensaios (Laboratório de Investigações Médicas, LIM-18), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), Brazil
| | - Karolline S Silva
- Laboratório de Lípides (Laboratório de Investigações Médicas, LIM-10), FMUSP, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Catanozi
- Laboratório de Lípides (Laboratório de Investigações Médicas, LIM-10), FMUSP, Brazil
| | - Ana Mercedes Cavaleiro
- Laboratório de Carboidratos e Radioimunoensaios (Laboratório de Investigações Médicas, LIM-18), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), Brazil
| | - Danilo A C Pinto
- Laboratório de Metabolismo e Endocrinologia, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maristela M Okamoto
- Laboratório de Metabolismo e Endocrinologia, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mychel Raony P T Morais
- Laboratório de Biologia da Reprodução e Matriz Extracelular, Departamento de Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bárbara Falquetto
- Laboratório de Controle Cardiorrespiratório, Departamento de Farmacologia, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Telma M Zorn
- Laboratório de Biologia da Reprodução e Matriz Extracelular, Departamento de Biologia Celular e do Desenvolvimento, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ubiratan F Machado
- Laboratório de Metabolismo e Endocrinologia, Departamento de Fisiologia e Biofísica, Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marisa Passarelli
- Laboratório de Lípides (Laboratório de Investigações Médicas, LIM-10), FMUSP, Brazil
| | - Maria Lúcia Correa-Giannella
- Laboratório de Carboidratos e Radioimunoensaios (Laboratório de Investigações Médicas, LIM-18), Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo (FMUSP), Brazil.
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Hollenbach M, Thonig A, Pohl S, Ripoll C, Michel M, Zipprich A. Expression of glyoxalase-I is reduced in cirrhotic livers: A possible mechanism in the development of cirrhosis. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0171260. [PMID: 28231326 PMCID: PMC5322979 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0171260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High concentrations of methylglyoxal (MGO) cause cytotoxiticy via formation of advanced glycation endproducts (AGEs) and inflammation. MGO is detoxificated enzymatically by glyoxalase-I (Glo-I). The aim of this study was to analyze the role of Glo-I during the development of cirrhosis. METHODS In primary hepatocytes, hepatic stellate cells (pHSC) and sinusoidal endothelial cells (pLSEC) from rats with early (CCl4 8wk) and advanced cirrhosis (CCl4 12wk) expression and activity of Glo-I were determined and compared to control. LPS stimulation (24h; 100ng/ml) of HSC was conducted in absence or presence of the partial Glo-I inhibitor ethyl pyruvate (EP) and the specific Glo-I inhibitor BrBzGSHCp2. MGO, inflammatory and fibrotic markers were measured by ELISA and Western blot. Additional rats were treated with CCl4 ± EP 40mg/kg b.w. i.p. from wk 8-12 and analyzed with sirius red staining and Western blot. RESULTS Expression of Glo-I was significantly reduced in cirrhosis in whole liver and primary liver cells accompanied by elevated levels of MGO. Activity of Glo-I was reduced in cirrhotic pHSC and pLSEC. LPS induced increases of TNF-α, Nrf2, collagen-I, α-SMA, NF-kB and pERK of HSC were blunted by EP and BrBzGSHCp2. Treatment with EP during development of cirrhosis significantly decreased the amount of fibrosis (12wk CCl4: 33.3±7.3%; EP wk 8-12: 20.7±6.2%; p<0.001) as well as levels of α-SMA, TGF-β and NF-κB in vivo. CONCLUSIONS Our results show the importance of Glo-I as major detoxifying enzyme for MGO in cirrhosis. The reduced expression of Glo-I in cirrhosis demonstrates a possible explanation for increased inflammatory injury and suggests a "vicious circle" in liver disease. Blunting of the Glo-I activity decrease the amount of fibrosis in established cirrhosis and constitutes a novel target for antifibrotic therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcus Hollenbach
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Antje Thonig
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Sabine Pohl
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Cristina Ripoll
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Maurice Michel
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Alexander Zipprich
- Department of Internal Medicine I, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
- * E-mail:
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RAGE-mediated inflammation in patients with septic shock. J Surg Res 2016; 202:315-27. [PMID: 27229106 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2016.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2015] [Revised: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/13/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE)-pathway is described to be a crucial component of the innate immune response in sepsis. The aims of the present study were, therefore, to delineate the kinetics of membrane-bound RAGE expression, to quantify its soluble isoforms, and to determine the extent of metabolic (e.g., AGE-CML) as well as immunologic (e.g., S100A8/A9) ligands in different inflammatory settings in humans. MATERIALS AND METHODS The presented data result from secondary analyses of an observational clinical pilot study, including patients with septic shock (n = 60), postoperative controls (n = 30), and healthy volunteers (n = 30). Surface-bound expression of RAGE by peripheral blood leukocytes was determined by flow cytometry. In addition, plasma levels of sRAGE, esRAGE, AGE-CML, S100A8/A9, S100A8/A9-CML, RBP, RBP-CML, HSA-CML, HMBG-1, and ß-Amyloid were measured using ELISA. RESULTS In patients with septic shock, RAGE expression was significantly increased in comparison to both control groups, which was paralleled by a significant increase in sRAGE plasma levels. Formation of AGE-CML was shown to be dependent on the availability of the unmodified protein. However, the total amount of AGE-CML did not differ significantly between septic patients and healthy volunteers at early stages or was even lower in patients with sepsis at later stages. In contrast, immunologic ligands (e.g., S100A8/A9) were shown to be significantly elevated in septic patients within the entire study period. CONCLUSIONS Activation of the RAGE-pathway was shown to be of relevance in patients with septic shock, mainly driven by an increase in immunologic (e.g., S100A8/A9) rather than metabolic ligands (e.g., CML-derived AGE-formation).
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Saponaro C, Gaggini M, Carli F, Gastaldelli A. The Subtle Balance between Lipolysis and Lipogenesis: A Critical Point in Metabolic Homeostasis. Nutrients 2015; 7:9453-74. [PMID: 26580649 PMCID: PMC4663603 DOI: 10.3390/nu7115475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 299] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2015] [Revised: 10/19/2015] [Accepted: 10/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive accumulation of lipids can lead to lipotoxicity, cell dysfunction and alteration in metabolic pathways, both in adipose tissue and peripheral organs, like liver, heart, pancreas and muscle. This is now a recognized risk factor for the development of metabolic disorders, such as obesity, diabetes, fatty liver disease (NAFLD), cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The causes for lipotoxicity are not only a high fat diet but also excessive lipolysis, adipogenesis and adipose tissue insulin resistance. The aims of this review are to investigate the subtle balances that underlie lipolytic, lipogenic and oxidative pathways, to evaluate critical points and the complexities of these processes and to better understand which are the metabolic derangements resulting from their imbalance, such as type 2 diabetes and non alcoholic fatty liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Saponaro
- Cardiometabolic Risk Unit, Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, via Moruzzi, 1 56124 Pisa, Italy.
- Dipartimento di Biotecnologie, Chimica e Farmacia, Università di Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy.
| | - Melania Gaggini
- Cardiometabolic Risk Unit, Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, via Moruzzi, 1 56124 Pisa, Italy.
- Dipartimento di Patologia Chirurgica, Molecolare Medica e di Area Critica, Università di Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Fabrizia Carli
- Cardiometabolic Risk Unit, Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, via Moruzzi, 1 56124 Pisa, Italy.
| | - Amalia Gastaldelli
- Cardiometabolic Risk Unit, Institute of Clinical Physiology, CNR, via Moruzzi, 1 56124 Pisa, Italy.
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He Y, Zhu J, Huang Y, Gao H, Zhao Y. Advanced glycation end product (AGE)-induced hepatic stellate cell activation via autophagy contributes to hepatitis C-related fibrosis. Acta Diabetol 2015; 52:959-69. [PMID: 26002589 DOI: 10.1007/s00592-015-0763-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2014] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) have been implicated in pulmonary and renal fibrosis. Herein, we investigated whether AGEs are associated with liver fibrosis and examined the underlying mechanism by focusing on hepatic stellate cell (HSC) activation and autophagy induction. METHODS Liver fibrosis was assessed by transient elastography (FibroScan). Serum AGE levels were determined by ELISA. Rat primary HSCs and HSC-T6 were treated with BSA-AGEs, cell proliferation was examined by WST-1 assay, and cell activation was evaluated by qPCR for transcripts of α-SMA and collagen type Iα1 and by Western blotting. Autophagy was measured by detection of LC3-II lipidation, p62 degradation, and puncta GFP-LC3 formation. Receptor of AGE (RAGE)-blocking antibodies and soluble RAGE were employed to inhibit AGE-RAGE signaling. RESULTS First, elevated AGE levels were observed in CHC patients than patients with chronic hepatitis B, especially in those with insulin resistance. Second, compared to controls, AGE-treated rat primary HSCs displayed an enhanced cell proliferation (1.39-fold), increased transcripts of α-SMA (2.40-fold) and proCOL1A1 (1.76-fold), and a higher level of α-SMA protein (1.85-fold). Moreover, AGE-induced HSC activation improved autophagy flux, as evidenced by significantly more LC3-II lipidation, p62 degradation, as well as GFP-LC3 puncta formations. In addition, our results showed that AGE-induced HSC autophagy and HSC activation could be reduced by RAGEs. CONCLUSION AGEs were found to induce autophagy and activation of HSCs, which subsequently contributes to the fibrosis in CHC patients. Blocking AGE-RAGE signaling may be a promising way to alleviate fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- YingLi He
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Teaching Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
- Institution of Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong University, School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - JinQiu Zhu
- The School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guizhou Institute of Technology, Guiyang, 550003, Guizhou, China.
| | - YaQi Huang
- The School of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Guizhou Institute of Technology, Guiyang, 550003, Guizhou, China
| | - Heng Gao
- Xi'an Health School, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China
| | - YingRen Zhao
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Teaching Hospital, School of Medicine, Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China.
- Institution of Hepatology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong University, School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province, China.
- Department of Infectious Diseases, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an JiaoTong University, Xi'an, 710061, Shaanxi Province, China.
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Jhun J, Lee S, Kim H, Her YM, Byun JK, Kim EK, Lee SK, Cho ML, Choi JY. HMGB1/RAGE induces IL-17 expression to exaggerate inflammation in peripheral blood cells of hepatitis B patients. J Transl Med 2015; 13:310. [PMID: 26391982 PMCID: PMC4576399 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-015-0663-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatitis B (HB) is an infectious disease with unfavorable consequence for patients and involved in chronic inflammation of liver. The present study aimed to investigate whether High-mobility group protein B (HMGB)1/receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) aggravates inflammation enhancing the expression of interleukin (IL)-17. METHODS Mild and severe HB liver tissue and peripheral blood samples were obtained intra-operatively. Histological analysis of the livers was performed by immunohistochemistry. IL-1β and IL-6 of liver tissue were detected by confocal microscopy staining. Relative mRNA expression was measured by real-time PCR and protein levels were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS HMGB1, RAGE and IL-17 expression is increased in liver of HB patients with acute on chronic liver failure (ACLF) compared to healthy controls. HMGB1 treatment induced inflammatory cytokines including IL-17 in peripheral blood cells of HB patients. IL-17 also induced the expression of RAGE and IL-1β in peripheral blood cells of HB patients with ACLF. On the other hands, the inhibitory factor of p38 and nuclear factor-kappa B reduced the expression of RAGE and IL-1β in peripheral blood cells HB patients with ACLF. CONCLUSIONS HMGB1, RAGE and IL-17 expression is increased in liver of severe HB patients. HMGB1 and RAGE interaction may contribute to the inflammation of liver enhancing the expression of IL-17, which can be possibly restored through the decline of the HMGB1/RAGE axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- JooYeon Jhun
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - SeungHoon Lee
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - HeeYeon Kim
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, 505 Banpo-Dong, Seocho-Ku, Seoul, 137-040, South Korea.
| | - Yang-Mi Her
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Jae Kyeong Byun
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Eun-Kyung Kim
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea.
| | - Soon Kyu Lee
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, 505 Banpo-Dong, Seocho-Ku, Seoul, 137-040, South Korea.
| | - Mi-La Cho
- The Rheumatism Research Center, Catholic Research Institute of Medical Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea. .,Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, 137-040, South Korea. .,Conversant Research Consortium in Immunologic Disease, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 505 Banpo-Dong, Seocho-Ku, Seoul, 137-040, South Korea.
| | - Jong Young Choi
- Division of Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, 505 Banpo-Dong, Seocho-Ku, Seoul, 137-040, South Korea.
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Hb and dyslipidaemia as predicting markers of serum alanine aminotransferase elevation in Chinese adolescents. Public Health Nutr 2015; 19:1067-73. [PMID: 26328752 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980015002293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Fe is an essential element for erythropoiesis and Hb synthesis. High Hb levels affect the blood's viscosity and are associated with cardiovascular dysfunction. The aim of the present study was to examine relationships of Hb and cardiometabolic abnormalities with the risk of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) elevation in adolescents. DESIGN A population-based, cross-sectional study. SETTING National Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwan (2010-2011, adolescents). SUBJECTS Healthy adolescents aged 13-18 years. RESULTS In total, 1941 adolescents (963 boys and 978 girls) were entered in the study. The mean age was 15·3 (sd 0·1) years (boys, 15·3 (sd 0·1) years; girls, 15·2 (sd 0·1) years). ALT tertile cut-off points for boys were 11 and 16 U/l, and for girls were 9 and 12 U/l. Girls without dyslipidaemia and presenting in the highest quartile (Q1) of Hb (>13·6 g/dl) were 1·89 and 3·76 times more likely to have raised serum ALT (9 and >12 U/l, respectively) than the reference (lowest quartile of Hb (Q1), 12 U/l) than the reference (Q1 of Hb, 15·4 g/dl), who were 7·40 times more likely to have elevated serum ALT of >16 U/l than the reference (Q1 of Hb, <14·1 g/dl). CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that an increased Hb level is a predictor of elevated serum ALT in adolescent girls with dyslipidaemia. Our study also highlights the importance of further research to establish cut-off points for Hb and its utility in diagnosing and preventing the onset of dyslipidaemia in adolescents.
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Santilli F, Blardi P, Scapellato C, Bocchia M, Guazzi G, Terzuoli L, Tabucchi A, Silvietti A, Lucani B, Gioffrè WR, Scarpini F, Fazio F, Davì G, Puccetti L. Decreased plasma endogenous soluble RAGE, and enhanced adipokine secretion, oxidative stress and platelet/coagulative activation identify non-alcoholic fatty liver disease among patients with familial combined hyperlipidemia and/or metabolic syndrome. Vascul Pharmacol 2015; 72:16-24. [PMID: 26117210 DOI: 10.1016/j.vph.2015.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2014] [Revised: 03/23/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In patients with familial combined hyperlipidemia (FCHL), without metabolic syndrome (MS), occurrence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is related to a specific pro-inflammatory profile, influenced by genetic traits, involved in oxidative stress and adipokine secretion. Among FCHL or MS patients, hyperactivity of the ligand-receptor for advanced glycation-end-products (RAGE) pathway, as reflected by inadequate protective response by the endogenous secretory (es)RAGE, in concert with genetic predisposition, may identify those with NAFLD even before and regardless of MS. METHODS We cross-sectionally compared 60 patients with vs. 50 without NAFLD. Each group included patients with FCHL alone, MS alone, and FCHL plus MS. RESULTS NAFLD patients had significantly lower plasma esRAGE, IL-10 and adiponectin, and higher CD40 ligand, endogenous thrombin potential and oxidized LDL. The effects of MS plus FCHL were additive. The genotypic cluster including LOX-1 IVS4-14A plus ADIPO 45GG and 256 GT/GG plus IL-10 10-1082G, together with higher esRAGE levels highly discriminate FCHL and MS patients not developing NAFLD. CONCLUSIONS Among FCHL or MS patients, noncarriers of the protective genotypic cluster, with lower esRAGE and higher degree of atherothrombotic abnormalities coincide with the diagnosis of NAFLD. This suggests an interplay between genotype, adipokine secretion, oxidative stress and platelet/coagulative activation, accelerating NAFLD occurrence as a proxy for cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Carlo Scapellato
- Division of Clinical Pathology, University Teaching Hospital of Siena, Italy
| | | | - Gianni Guazzi
- Unit of Emergency Radiology, University Teaching Hospital of Siena, Italy
| | - Lucia Terzuoli
- Division of Clinical Pathology, University Teaching Hospital of Siena, Italy
| | - Antonella Tabucchi
- Division of Clinical Pathology, University Teaching Hospital of Siena, Italy
| | - Antonella Silvietti
- Division of Clinical Pathology, University Teaching Hospital of Siena, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Francesca Fazio
- Department of Medicine and Aging, University of Chieti, Italy
| | - Giovanni Davì
- Department of Medicine and Aging, University of Chieti, Italy
| | - Luca Puccetti
- Division of Hematology, University of Siena, Italy; Atherothrombosis Centre, University of Siena, Italy.
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Basta G, Turco SD, Navarra T, Lee WM. Circulating levels of soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products and ligands of the receptor for advanced glycation end products in patients with acute liver failure. Liver Transpl 2015; 21:847-54. [PMID: 25825217 PMCID: PMC4933521 DOI: 10.1002/lt.24129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Revised: 03/17/2015] [Accepted: 03/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Animal studies suggest that receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE)-dependent mechanisms contribute to acetaminophen-induced liver damage. We examined whether circulating levels of soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) or RAGE ligands, including extracellular newly identified receptor for advanced glycation end products binding protein (EN-RAGE), high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), and Nε-(Carboxymethyl)lysine adducts (CML), could aid in prognostication after an acetaminophen overdose. Sixty well-characterized acetaminophen-related acute liver failure (ALF) patients (30 spontaneous survivors and 30 patients who underwent transplantation and/or died) who were enrolled in the National Institutes of Health-sponsored Acute Liver Failure Study Group, were matched by age, met standard criteria for encephalopathy, and had an international normalized ratio > 1.5 were retrospectively studied. HMGB1, EN-RAGE, CML, and sRAGE were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay methods in sera from ALF patients and 30 healthy controls. Levels of sRAGE, EN-RAGE, and HMGB1 (but not CML) were significantly greater (P < 0.001) in ALF patients versus normal controls. The levels of sRAGE, HMGB1, and EN-RAGE were significantly higher (P = 0.03, P < 0.01, and P = 0.03) in patients with a systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) score > 2 versus patients with a SIRS score ≤ 2. Nevertheless, only sRAGE levels were significantly higher in patients who underwent transplantation and/or died versus spontaneous survivors (P < 0.001), and they were positively associated with conventional markers of liver disease severity. Multivariate logistic regression identified an encephalopathy grade > 2 as an independent predictor of an adverse outcome on admission (odds ratio, 13; 95% confidence interval, 2.3-73; P < 0.001). The RAGE-ligand axis may interfere with liver regeneration and should be a promising objective for further research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - William M Lee
- Division of Digestive and Liver Diseases, Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390
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Yamagishi SI, Matsui T. Role of receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) in liver disease. Eur J Med Res 2015; 20:15. [PMID: 25888859 PMCID: PMC4328656 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-015-0090-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2014] [Accepted: 01/22/2015] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) belongs to a immunoglobulin superfamily of cell surface molecules that could bind to a number of ligands such as advanced glycation end products, high-mobility group protein box-1, S-100 calcium-binding protein, and amyloid-β-protein, inducing a series of signal transduction cascades, and being involved in a variety of cellular function, including inflammation, proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, migration, and fibrosis. RAGE is expressed in hepatic stellate cells and hepatocytes and hepatoma cells. There is accumulating evidence that engagement of RAGE with various ligands elicits oxidative stress generation and subsequently activates the RAGE downstream pathway in the liver, thereby contributing to the development and progression of numerous types of hepatic disorders. These observations suggest that inhibition of the RAGE signaling pathway could be a novel therapeutic target for liver diseases. This article summarizes the pathological role of RAGE in hepatic insulin resistance, steatosis and fibrosis, ischemic and non-ischemic liver injury, and hepatocellular carcinoma growth and metastasis and its therapeutic interventions for these devastating disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sho-ichi Yamagishi
- Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics of Diabetic Vascular Complications, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-machi, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan.
| | - Takanori Matsui
- Department of Pathophysiology and Therapeutics of Diabetic Vascular Complications, Kurume University School of Medicine, 67 Asahi-machi, Kurume, 830-0011, Japan.
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Ghinolfi D, Marti J, De Simone P, Lai Q, Pezzati D, Coletti L, Tartaglia D, Catalano G, Tincani G, Carrai P, Campani D, Miccoli M, Biancofiore G, Filipponi F. Use of octogenarian donors for liver transplantation: a survival analysis. Am J Transplant 2014; 14:2062-71. [PMID: 25307037 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.12843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2013] [Revised: 04/22/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Use of very old donors in liver transplantation (LT) is controversial because advanced donor age is associated with a higher risk for graft dysfunction and worse long-term results, especially for hepatitis C virus (HCV)-positive recipients. This was a retrospective, single-center review of primary, ABO-compatible LT performed between 2001 and 2010. Recipients were stratified in four groups based on donor age (<60 years; 60-69 years; 70-79 years and ≥80 years) and their outcomes were compared. A total of 842 patients were included: 348 (41.3%) with donors <60 years; 176 (20.9%) with donors 60-69 years; 233 (27.7%) with donors 70-79 years and 85 (10.1%) with donors ≥80 years. There was no difference across groups in terms of early (≤30 days) graft loss, and graft survival at 1 and 5 years was 90.5% and 78.6% for grafts <60 years; 88.6% and 81.3% for grafts 60-69 years; 87.6% and 75.1% for grafts 70-79 years and 84.7% and 77.1% for grafts ≥80 years (p = 0.065). In the group ≥80 years, the 5-year graft survival was lower for HCV-positive versus HCV-negative recipients (62.4% vs. 85.6%, p = 0.034). Based on our experience, grafts from donors ≥80 years may provide favorable results but require appropriate selection and allocation policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ghinolfi
- Hepatobiliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation, University of Pisa Medical School Hospital, Pisa, Italy
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Kao YH, Lin YC, Tsai MS, Sun CK, Yuan SS, Chang CY, Jawan B, Lee PH. Involvement of the nuclear high mobility group B1 peptides released from injured hepatocytes in murine hepatic fibrogenesis. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2014; 1842:1720-32. [PMID: 24970745 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2014.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2014] [Revised: 05/24/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated the pro-fibrogenic role of high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) peptides in liver fibrogenesis. An animal model of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced liver fibrosis was used to examine the serum HMGB1 levels and its intrahepatic distribution. The increased serum HMGB1 levels were positively correlated with elevation of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and collagen deposition during fibrogenesis. The cytoplasmic distribution of HMGB1 was noted in the parenchymal hepatocytes of fibrotic livers. In vitro studies confirmed that exposure to hydrogen peroxide and CCl4 induced an intracellular mobilization and extracellular release of nuclear HMGB1 peptides in clone-9 and primary hepatocytes, respectively. An uptake of exogenous HMGB1 by hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) T6 cells indicated a possible paracrine action of hepatocytes on HSCs. Moreover, HMGB1 dose-dependently stimulated HSC proliferation, up-regulated de novo synthesis of collagen type I and α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA), and triggered Smad2 phosphorylation and its nuclear translocation through a TGF-β1-independent mechanism. Blockade with neutralizing antibodies and gene silencing demonstrated the involvement of the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE), but not toll-like receptor 4, in cellular uptake of HMGB1 and the HMGB1-mediated Smad2 and ERK1/2 phosphorylation as well as α-SMA up-regulation in HSC-T6 cells. Furthermore, anti-RAGE treatment significantly ameliorated CCl4-induced liver fibrosis. In conclusion, the nuclear HMGB1 peptides released from parenchymal hepatocytes during liver injuries may directly activate HSCs through stimulating HSC proliferation and transformation, eventually leading to the fibrotic changes of livers. Blockade of HMGB1/RAGE signaling cascade may constitute a therapeutic strategy for treatment of liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Hsien Kao
- Department of Medical Research, E-DA Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chun Lin
- Department of Surgery, E-DA Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | | | - Cheuk-Kwan Sun
- Department of Medical Education, E-DA Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Shyng-Shiou Yuan
- Translational Research Center and Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Chang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, E-DA Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Bruno Jawan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
| | - Po-Huang Lee
- Department of Surgery, E-DA Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Ito R, Ishii Y, Wakiyama S, Shiba H, Fujioka S, Misawa T, Ishida Y, Hano H, Yanaga K. Prognostic significance of receptor for advanced glycation end products expression in hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatectomy. J Surg Res 2014; 192:503-8. [PMID: 25043528 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2014.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2014] [Revised: 06/01/2014] [Accepted: 06/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is recognized to be responsible for cancer progression in several human cancers. In this study, we investigated the clinical impact of RAGE expression in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after hepatectomy. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty-five consecutive patients who underwent initial hepatectomy for HCC were investigated. The relationships between immunohistochemical expression of RAGE and clinicopathologic features, clinical outcome (overall survival [OS], and disease-free survival [DFS]) were evaluated. RESULTS The cytoplasmic expression of RAGE in HCC cells was observed in 46 patients (70.8%) and correlated with histologic grade (poorly differentiated versus moderately differentiated HCC, P = 0.021). Five-year OS in RAGE-positive and RAGE-negative groups were 72% and 94%, respectively, whereas 5-y DFS were 29% and 55%, respectively. There were significant differences between OS and DFS (P = 0.018 and 0.031, respectively). Multivariate analysis indicated that RAGE was an independent predictor for both OS and DFS (P = 0.048 and 0.032, respectively). CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest for the first time a positive correlation between RAGE expression and poor therapeutic outcome. Furthermore, RAGE downregulation may provide a novel therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryusuke Ito
- Department of Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Yuji Ishii
- Department of Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeki Wakiyama
- Department of Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Shiba
- Department of Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shuichi Fujioka
- Department of Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeyuki Misawa
- Department of Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yuichi Ishida
- Department of Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Hano
- Department of Pathology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Yanaga
- Department of Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
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CCR5 knockout mice with C57BL6 background are resistant to acetaminophen-mediated hepatotoxicity due to decreased macrophages migration into the liver. Arch Toxicol 2014; 89:211-20. [PMID: 24770590 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-014-1253-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2014] [Accepted: 04/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Overdose of acetaminophen (APAP) causes necrosis of centrilobular cells of the liver. Accumulating evidence suggests that innate immune system may contribute to APAP-induced hepatotoxicity. Interaction between RANTES and its receptor C-C chemokine receptor (CCR) 5 is related to recruitment of macrophages to sites of inflammation. In this study, we examined effects of CCR5 deficiency on APAP-mediated liver injury by employing CCR5 knockout (KO) mice. CCR5 wild-type (WT) and KO mice received intraperitoneal injection of APAP (300 mg/kg) and were killed 24 h after the injection. Hepatic injury was determined by using histological and biochemical analyses. Intraperitoneal APAP caused the hepatocytic necrosis, as evidenced by hematoxylin and eosin staining and an increase in alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase levels in serum. Hepatic damage appeared to be larger in CCR5 WT animals compared with KO animals. There were no differences in cytochrome P450 2E1 between CCR5 WT and KO animals suggesting that the resistance of CCR5 KO mice did not come from alterations in APAP metabolism. Infiltration of macrophages into the liver was reduced in CCR5 KO mice, and this was accompanied decreased inflammatory responses. Inhibition of macrophage activity by pretreatment of gadolinium chloride significantly blocked APAP-caused hepatotoxicity. These results indicate that recruitment of macrophage into the inflammatory sites significantly contributes to APAP-mediated hepatocytic death and CCR5 gene deletion protects from APAP-induced liver injury by alleviating macrophage recruitment and inflammatory responses. This study represents a critical role of CCR5 in macrophage infiltration into the liver and subsequent hepatotoxicity upon challenge of APAP.
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The role of HMGB1-RAGE axis in migration and invasion of hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines. Mol Cell Biochem 2014; 390:271-80. [PMID: 24510323 PMCID: PMC3972434 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-014-1978-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 01/21/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
High mobility group protein box1 (HMGB1) and its receptor—receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) are pivotal factors in the development and progression of many types of tumor, but the role of HMGB1-RAGE axis in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) especially its effects on metastasis and recurrence remains obscure. Here, we report the role of HMGB1-RAGE axis in the biological behaviors of HCC cell lines and the underlying molecular mechanism. We show that the expressions of HMGB1, RAGE, and extracellular HMGB1 increase consistently according to cell metastasis potentials, while the concentration of soluble form of RAGE (sRAGE) is inversely related to metastasis potential of HCC cells. Furthermore, our data show that rhHMGB1 promotes cellular proliferation, migration, and invasion, and increases the level of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), while administrations of HMGB1-siRNA, RAGE-siRNA, anti-HMGB1 neutralizing antibody, anti-RAGE neutralizing antibody, and sRAGE inhibit cellular proliferation, migration, and invasion. Moreover, we also demonstrate that the expression of NF-кB is inhibited by knockdown of HMGB1 or RAGE. Collectively, these data demonstrate that HMGB1 activates RAGE signaling pathways and induces NF-кB activation to promote cellular proliferation, invasion, and metastasis, in HCC cell lines. Taken together, HMGB1-RAGE axis may become a potential target in HCC therapy.
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36
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Development of nonalcoholic hepatopathy: contributions of oxidative stress and advanced glycation end products. Int J Mol Sci 2013; 14:19846-66. [PMID: 24084729 PMCID: PMC3821590 DOI: 10.3390/ijms141019846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2013] [Revised: 09/07/2013] [Accepted: 09/10/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are generated spontaneously in cells; however, under conditions of hyperglycemia and lipid peroxidation, their levels are higher than usual, which contribute to the development of diseases such as the nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NAFLD is associated with oxidative stress (OS), which is linked to the transition of steatosis to steatohepatitis due to lipid peroxidation. The AGE-receptor interaction in hepatic stellate cells leads to an increase in reactive oxygen species and enhances the proliferation and activation of these cells, worsening liver fibrosis and disease progression. In this vicious cycle, there is production of (carboxymethyl)lysine, a biomarker for products of advanced glycation and lipid peroxidation, being a shared component between the two pathways. In this review, we aim to compile evidence to support the basic molecular mechanisms of AGEs and OS generation and their influence, independently or combined, on the evolution of NAFLD. The deeper understanding of the interrelations of AGEs + OS may help to elucidate the pathogenic pathways of NAFLD and to devise rational therapeutic interventions for this disease, with an expected positive impact on quality of life of patients.
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Uskoković A, Mihailović M, Dinić S, Arambašić Jovanović J, Grdović N, Marković J, Poznanović G, Vidaković M. Administration of a β-glucan-enriched extract activates beneficial hepatic antioxidant and anti-inflammatory mechanisms in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. J Funct Foods 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2013.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
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Pusterla T, Nèmeth J, Stein I, Wiechert L, Knigin D, Marhenke S, Longerich T, Kumar V, Arnold B, Vogel A, Bierhaus A, Pikarsky E, Hess J, Angel P. Receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) is a key regulator of oval cell activation and inflammation-associated liver carcinogenesis in mice. Hepatology 2013; 58:363-73. [PMID: 23504974 DOI: 10.1002/hep.26395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2012] [Revised: 03/12/2013] [Accepted: 03/21/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED The receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) is a multiligand receptor and member of the immunoglobulin superfamily. RAGE is mainly involved in tissue damage and chronic inflammatory disorders, sustaining the inflammatory response upon engagement with damage-associated molecular pattern molecules (DAMPs) such as S100 proteins and high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1). Enhanced expression of RAGE and its ligands has been demonstrated in distinct tumors and several studies support its crucial role in tumor progression and metastasis by still unknown mechanisms. Here we show that RAGE supports hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) formation in the Mdr2(-/-) mouse model, a prototype model of inflammation-driven HCC formation, which mimics the human pathology. Mdr2(-/-) Rage(-/-) (dKO) mice developed smaller and fewer HCCs than Mdr2(-/-) mice. Interestingly, although in preneoplastic Mdr2(-/-) livers RAGE ablation did not affect the onset of inflammation, premalignant dKO livers showed reduced liver damage and fibrosis, in association with decreased oval cell activation. Oval cells expressed high RAGE levels and displayed reduced proliferation upon RAGE silencing. Moreover, stimulation of oval cells with HMGB1 promoted an ERK1/2-Cyclin D1-dependent oval cell proliferation in vitro. Finally, genetic and pharmacologic blockade of RAGE signaling impaired oval cell activation in an independent mouse model of oval cell activation, the choline deficient ethionine-supplemented dietary regime. CONCLUSION Our data identified a novel function of RAGE in regulating oval cell activation and tumor development in inflammation-associated liver carcinogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Pusterla
- Division of Signal Transduction and Growth Control, DKFZ-ZMBH Alliance, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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Moy KA, Jiao L, Freedman ND, Weinstein SJ, Sinha R, Virtamo J, Albanes D, Stolzenberg-Solomon RZ. Soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products and risk of liver cancer. Hepatology 2013; 57:2338-45. [PMID: 23325627 PMCID: PMC3644530 DOI: 10.1002/hep.26264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2012] [Accepted: 12/27/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Binding of advanced glycation end products (AGEs) to their receptor (RAGE) increases oxidative stress and inflammation and may be involved in liver injury and subsequent carcinogenesis. Soluble RAGE (sRAGE) may neutralize the effects mediated by the AGE/RAGE complex. Epidemiologic studies examining sRAGE or AGEs in association with liver cancer are lacking. We examined the associations between prediagnostic serum concentrations of sRAGE or Nϵ-(carboxymethyl)-lysine (CML)-AGE and hepatocellular carcinoma in a case-cohort study within a cohort of 29,133 Finnish male smokers who completed questionnaires and provided a fasting blood sample between 1985 and 1988. During follow-up beginning 5 years after enrollment through April 2006, 145 liver cancers occurred. Serum concentrations of sRAGE, CML-AGE, glucose, and insulin were measured in case subjects and 485 randomly sampled cohort participants. Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) were available in most cases and in a subset of the study population. Weighted Cox proportional hazards regression was used to calculate relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) adjusted for age, years of smoking, and body mass index. sRAGE and CML-AGE concentrations were inversely associated with liver cancer. Further adjustment for glucose and insulin or exclusion of case subjects with chronic HBV or HCV did not change the associations. CONCLUSION Our results support the hypothesis that sRAGE is inversely associated with liver cancer. The findings need confirmation, particularly in populations that include women and nonsmokers. (HEPATOLOGY 2013 ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristin A Moy
- Nutritional Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Reactive metabolites and AGE-RAGE-mediated inflammation in patients following liver transplantation. Mediators Inflamm 2013; 2013:501430. [PMID: 23766560 PMCID: PMC3677670 DOI: 10.1155/2013/501430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2012] [Accepted: 04/29/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent investigations have indicated that reactive metabolites and AGE-RAGE-mediated inflammation might play an important role in the pathogenesis of ischemia-reperfusion injury in liver transplantation. In this observational clinical study, 150 patients were enrolled following liver transplantation from deceased donors. The occurrence of short-term complications within 10 days of transplantation was documented. Blood samples were collected prior to transplantation, immediately after transplantation, and at consecutive time points, for a total of seven days after transplantation. Plasma levels of methylglyoxal were determined using HPLC, whereas plasma levels of L-arginine, asymmetric dimethylarginine, advanced glycation endproducts-carboxylmethyllysine, soluble receptor for advanced glycation endproducts, and total antioxidant capacity were measured by ELISA. Patients following liver transplantation were shown to suffer from increased RAGE-associated inflammation with an AGE load mainly dependent upon reactive carbonyl species-derived AGEs. In contrast, carboxylmethyllysine-derived AGEs were of a minor importance. As assessed by the ratio of L-arginine/asymmetric dimethylarginine, the bioavailability of nitric oxide was shown to be reduced in hepatic IRI, especially in those patients suffering from perfusion disorders following liver transplantation. For the early identification of patients at high risk of perfusion disorders, the implementation of asymmetric dimethylarginine measurements in routine diagnostics following liver transplantation from deceased donors should be taken into consideration.
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Aldini G, Vistoli G, Stefek M, Chondrogianni N, Grune T, Sereikaite J, Sadowska-Bartosz I, Bartosz G. Molecular strategies to prevent, inhibit, and degrade advanced glycoxidation and advanced lipoxidation end products. Free Radic Res 2013; 47 Suppl 1:93-137. [PMID: 23560617 DOI: 10.3109/10715762.2013.792926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The advanced glycoxidation end products (AGEs) and lipoxidation end products (ALEs) contribute to the development of diabetic complications and of other pathologies. The review discusses the possibilities of counteracting the formation and stimulating the degradation of these species by pharmaceuticals and natural compounds. The review discusses inhibitors of ALE and AGE formation, cross-link breakers, ALE/AGE elimination by enzymes and proteolytic systems, receptors for advanced glycation end products (RAGEs) and blockade of the ligand-RAGE axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giancarlo Aldini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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42
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Soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products and liver stiffness in postoperative biliary atresia. Clin Biochem 2012. [PMID: 23195134 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2012.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Soluble receptor for advanced glycation end products (sRAGE) has emerged as a possible biomarker of several disease conditions, including liver injury. This study was aimed to assess serum sRAGE and liver stiffness in biliary atresia (BA). DESIGN AND METHODS Forty postoperative BA patients and 20 controls were enrolled. Serum sRAGE levels were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Liver stiffness scores were measured by transient elastography. RESULTS BA patients had higher serum sRAGE and liver stiffness values than controls (P<0.001). Serum sRAGE and liver stiffness values were significantly elevated in BA patients with jaundice compared to those without jaundice (P<0.001). Additionally, serum sRAGE was correlated with liver stiffness and serum total bilirubin (r=0.65, P<0.001 and r=0.71, P<0.001, respectively). CONCLUSION Serum sRAGE was associated with the severity of BA. Accordingly, serum sRAGE and liver stiffness may serve as indicators reflecting the severity and the development of hepatic fibrosis in postoperative BA.
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43
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Bengmark S. Gut microbiota, immune development and function. Pharmacol Res 2012; 69:87-113. [PMID: 22989504 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2012.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 140] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2012] [Accepted: 09/01/2012] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The microbiota of Westerners is significantly reduced in comparison to rural individuals living a similar lifestyle to our Paleolithic forefathers but also to that of other free-living primates such as the chimpanzee. The great majority of ingredients in the industrially produced foods consumed in the West are absorbed in the upper part of small intestine and thus of limited benefit to the microbiota. Lack of proper nutrition for microbiota is a major factor under-pinning dysfunctional microbiota, dysbiosis, chronically elevated inflammation, and the production and leakage of endotoxins through the various tissue barriers. Furthermore, the over-comsumption of insulinogenic foods and proteotoxins, such as advanced glycation and lipoxidation molecules, gluten and zein, and a reduced intake of fruit and vegetables, are key factors behind the commonly observed elevated inflammation and the endemic of obesity and chronic diseases, factors which are also likely to be detrimental to microbiota. As a consequence of this lifestyle and the associated eating habits, most barriers, including the gut, the airways, the skin, the oral cavity, the vagina, the placenta, the blood-brain barrier, etc., are increasingly permeable. Attempts to recondition these barriers through the use of so called 'probiotics', normally applied to the gut, are rarely successful, and sometimes fail, as they are usually applied as adjunctive treatments, e.g. in parallel with heavy pharmaceutical treatment, not rarely consisting in antibiotics and chemotherapy. It is increasingly observed that the majority of pharmaceutical drugs, even those believed to have minimal adverse effects, such as proton pump inhibitors and anti-hypertensives, in fact adversely affect immune development and functions and are most likely also deleterious to microbiota. Equally, it appears that probiotic treatment is not compatible with pharmacological treatments. Eco-biological treatments, with plant-derived substances, or phytochemicals, e.g. curcumin and resveratrol, and pre-, pro- and syn-biotics offers similar effects as use of biologicals, although milder but also free from adverse effects. Such treatments should be tried as alternative therapies; mainly, to begin with, for disease prevention but also in early cases of chronic diseases. Pharmaceutical treatment has, thus far, failed to inhibit the tsunami of endemic diseases spreading around the world, and no new tools are in sight. Dramatic alterations, in direction of a paleolithic-like lifestyle and food habits, seem to be the only alternatives with the potential to control the present escalating crisis. The present review focuses on human studies, especially those of clinical relevance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stig Bengmark
- Division of Surgery & Interventional Science, University College London, 4th floor, 74 Huntley Street, London WC1E 6AU, United Kingdom.
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Arshad MI, Piquet-Pellorce C, Samson M. IL-33 and HMGB1 alarmins: sensors of cellular death and their involvement in liver pathology. Liver Int 2012; 32:1200-10. [PMID: 22530772 DOI: 10.1111/j.1478-3231.2012.02802.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2011] [Accepted: 03/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
'Alarmins' are a group of proteins or molecules that are released from cells during cellular demise to alert the host immune system. Two of them, Interleukin-33 (IL-33) and high-mobility group box-1 (HMGB1), share many similarities of cellular localization, functions and involvement in various inflammatory pathologies including hepatitis. The expressions of IL-33 and HMGB1, and their receptors ST2 and receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), are substantially up-regulated during acute and chronic hepatitis. Recent data evidence a possible protective role of IL-33/ST2 axis during liver injury. A contrast in expression of IL-33 and HMGB1 alarmins were associated with type of hepatocellular death mediated by immune cells or hepato-toxic agents. The massive release of active form of IL-33 from hepatocytes may affect the recruitment and activation of its ST2-positive target immune cells in the liver to confer its alarmin functions. This review highlights the emerging roles of alarmin proteins in various liver pathologies, by focusing on classical HMGB1 and a newly discovered alarmin, the IL-33.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad I Arshad
- Institut de Recherche Santé Environnement & Travail, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (Inserm), U.1085, Rennes, France
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