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Hsu YC, Yu IS, Tsai YF, Wu YM, Chen YT, Sheu JC, Lin SW. A Preconditioning Strategy to Augment Retention and Engraftment Rate of Donor Cells During Hepatocyte Transplantation. Transplantation 2021; 105:785-795. [PMID: 32976366 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000003461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatocyte transplantation has been extensively investigated as an alternative to orthotopic liver transplantation. However, its application in routine clinical practice has been restricted because of low initial engraftment and subsequent repopulation. METHODS Using mice as a model, we have developed a minimally invasive and nontoxic preconditioning strategy based on preadministration of antibodies against hepsin to increase donor hepatocyte retention and engraftment rate. RESULTS Liver sinusoid diameters decreased significantly with antihepsin pretreatment, and graft cell numbers increased nearly 2-fold in the recipients' liver parenchyma for 20 days after hepatocyte transplantation. Postoperative complications such as hepatic ischemia injury or apparent immune cell accumulation were not observed in recipients. In a hemophilia B mouse model, antihepsin preconditioning enhanced the expression and clotting activity of coagulation factor IX (FIX) to nearly 2-fold that of immunoglobulin G-treated controls and maintained higher plasma FIX clotting activity relative to the prophylactic range for 50 days after hepatocyte transplantation. Antihepsin pretreatment combined with adeno-associated virus-transduced donor hepatocytes expressing human FIX-Triple, a hyperfunctional FIX variant, resulted in plasma FIX levels similar to those associated with mild hemophilia, which protected hemophilia B mice from major bleeding episodes for 50 days after transplantation. Furthermore, antihepsin pretreatment and repeated transplantation resulted in extending the therapeutic period by 30 days relative to the immunoglobulin G control. CONCLUSIONS Thus, this antihepsin strategy improved the therapeutic effect of hepatocyte transplantation in mice with tremendous safety and minimal invasion. Taken together, we suggest that preconditioning with antihepsin may have clinical applications for liver cell therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chen Hsu
- Liver Disease Prevention and Treatment Research Foundation, Taipei, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - I-Shing Yu
- Laboratory Animal Center, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - Yu-Fei Tsai
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - Yao-Ming Wu
- Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - You-Tzung Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
- Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - Jin-Chuan Sheu
- Liver Disease Prevention and Treatment Research Foundation, Taipei, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
| | - Shu-Wha Lin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences and Medical Biotechnology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan (R.O.C.)
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Cell therapy for advanced liver diseases: Repair or rebuild. J Hepatol 2021; 74:185-199. [PMID: 32976865 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhep.2020.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Advanced liver disease presents a significant worldwide health and economic burden and accounts for 3.5% of global mortality. When liver disease progresses to organ failure the only effective treatment is liver transplantation, which necessitates lifelong immunosuppression and carries associated risks. Furthermore, the shortage of suitable donor organs means patients may die waiting for a suitable transplant organ. Cell therapies have made their way from animal studies to a small number of early clinical trials. Herein, we review the current state of cell therapies for liver disease and the mechanisms underpinning their actions (to repair liver tissue or rebuild functional parenchyma). We also discuss cellular therapies that are on the clinical horizon and challenges that must be overcome before routine clinical use is a possibility.
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Demaret T, Evraerts J, Ravau J, Roumain M, Muccioli GG, Najimi M, Sokal EM. High Dose Versus Low Dose Syngeneic Hepatocyte Transplantation in Pex1-G844D NMRI Mouse Model is Safe but Does Not Achieve Long Term Engraftment. Cells 2020; 10:cells10010040. [PMID: 33396635 PMCID: PMC7823729 DOI: 10.3390/cells10010040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic alterations in PEX genes lead to peroxisome biogenesis disorder. In humans, they are associated with Zellweger spectrum disorders (ZSD). No validated treatment has been shown to modify the dismal natural history of ZSD. Liver transplantation (LT) improved clinical and biochemical outcomes in mild ZSD patients. Hepatocyte transplantation (HT), developed to overcome LT limitations, was performed in a mild ZSD 4-year-old child with encouraging short-term results. Here, we evaluated low dose (12.5 million hepatocytes/kg) and high dose (50 million hepatocytes/kg) syngeneic male HT via intrasplenic infusion in the Pex1-G844D NMRI mouse model which recapitulates a mild ZSD phenotype. HT was feasible and safe in growth retarded ZSD mice. Clinical (weight and food intake) and biochemical parameters (very long-chain fatty acids, abnormal bile acids, etc.) were in accordance with ZSD phenotype but they were not robustly modified by HT. As expected, one third of the infused cells were detected in the liver 24 h post-HT. No liver nor spleen microchimerism was detected after 7, 14 and 30 days. Future optimizations are required to improve hepatocyte engraftment in Pex1-G844D NMRI mouse liver. The mouse model exhibited the robustness required for ZSD liver-targeted therapies evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanguy Demaret
- Laboratoire d’Hépatologie Pédiatrique et Thérapie Cellulaire, Unité PEDI, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (J.E.); (J.R.); (M.N.); (E.M.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Jonathan Evraerts
- Laboratoire d’Hépatologie Pédiatrique et Thérapie Cellulaire, Unité PEDI, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (J.E.); (J.R.); (M.N.); (E.M.S.)
| | - Joachim Ravau
- Laboratoire d’Hépatologie Pédiatrique et Thérapie Cellulaire, Unité PEDI, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (J.E.); (J.R.); (M.N.); (E.M.S.)
| | - Martin Roumain
- Bioanalysis and Pharmacology of Bioactive Lipids Research Group (BPBL), Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (M.R.); (G.G.M.)
| | - Giulio G. Muccioli
- Bioanalysis and Pharmacology of Bioactive Lipids Research Group (BPBL), Louvain Drug Research Institute (LDRI), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (M.R.); (G.G.M.)
| | - Mustapha Najimi
- Laboratoire d’Hépatologie Pédiatrique et Thérapie Cellulaire, Unité PEDI, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (J.E.); (J.R.); (M.N.); (E.M.S.)
| | - Etienne M. Sokal
- Laboratoire d’Hépatologie Pédiatrique et Thérapie Cellulaire, Unité PEDI, Institut de Recherche Expérimentale et Clinique (IREC), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCLouvain), 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (J.E.); (J.R.); (M.N.); (E.M.S.)
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Huang D, Gibeley SB, Xu C, Xiao Y, Celik O, Ginsberg HN, Leong KW. Engineering liver microtissues for disease modeling and regenerative medicine. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2020; 30:1909553. [PMID: 33390875 PMCID: PMC7774671 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.201909553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The burden of liver diseases is increasing worldwide, accounting for two million deaths annually. In the past decade, tremendous progress has been made in the basic and translational research of liver tissue engineering. Liver microtissues are small, three-dimensional hepatocyte cultures that recapitulate liver physiology and have been used in biomedical research and regenerative medicine. This review summarizes recent advances, challenges, and future directions in liver microtissue research. Cellular engineering approaches are used to sustain primary hepatocytes or produce hepatocytes derived from pluripotent stem cells and other adult tissues. Three-dimensional microtissues are generated by scaffold-free assembly or scaffold-assisted methods such as macroencapsulation, droplet microfluidics, and bioprinting. Optimization of the hepatic microenvironment entails incorporating the appropriate cell composition for enhanced cell-cell interactions and niche-specific signals, and creating scaffolds with desired chemical, mechanical and physical properties. Perfusion-based culture systems such as bioreactors and microfluidic systems are used to achieve efficient exchange of nutrients and soluble factors. Taken together, systematic optimization of liver microtissues is a multidisciplinary effort focused on creating liver cultures and on-chip models with greater structural complexity and physiological relevance for use in liver disease research, therapeutic development, and regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dantong Huang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Sarah B. Gibeley
- Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Cong Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Yang Xiao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Ozgenur Celik
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
| | - Henry N. Ginsberg
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Kam W. Leong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA
- Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
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Gaillard M, Hornez E, Lecuelle B, Lilin T, Dubart-Kupperschmitt A, Dagher I, Tranchart H. Liver Regeneration and Recanalization Time Course following Repeated Reversible Portal Vein Embolization in Swine. Eur Surg Res 2020; 61:62-71. [PMID: 33049754 DOI: 10.1159/000509713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Portal vein embolization (PVE) is an accepted technique to preoperatively increase the volume of the future remnant liver before major hepatectomy. A permanent material is usually preferred since its superiority to induce liver hypertrophy over absorbable material has been demonstrated. Nevertheless, the use of an absorbable material generates a reversible PVE (RPVE) capable of inducing significant liver hypertrophy. In small animal models, the possibility to proceed to a repeated RPVE (RRPVE) has shown to boost liver hypertrophy further. The aim of this preliminary study was to assess the feasibility and the tolerance of RRPVE in a large animal model, in comparison with permanent PVE (PPVE) and single RPVE. METHODS Six swine (2 per group) were assigned either to single RPVE group (using powdered gelatin sponge), RRPVE group (2 RPVEs separated by 14 days) or PPVE group (using N-butyl-cyanoacrylate). The feasibility and tolerance of the procedures were evaluated using portography, liver function tests and histological analysis. Evolution of liver volumes was assessed with volumetric imaging by computed tomography. RESULTS Embolization of portal branches corresponding to 75% of total liver volume was performed successfully in all animals. Procedures were well tolerated, inducing moderate changes in portal pressure and transient aminotransferase increase. None of the animals developed portal vein thrombosis. After RPVE, complete recanalization occurred at day 11. RRPVE showed a trend for higher hypertrophy, the non-embolized liver to total liver ratio reaching 5.2 ± 1.0% in the RPVE group, 6.8 ± 0.1% in the RRPVE group and 5.0 ± 0.3% in the PPVE group. DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION In this preliminary comparative study, RRPVE was as feasible and as well tolerated as the other procedures, and resulted in higher liver hypertrophy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Gaillard
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1193, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France, .,Département Hospitalo-Universitaire Hepatinov, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France, .,Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, Paris-Saclay University, Orsay, France, .,Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Antoine Béclère Hospital, APHP, Clamart, France,
| | - Emmanuel Hornez
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1193, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France.,Département Hospitalo-Universitaire Hepatinov, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France.,Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Antoine Béclère Hospital, APHP, Clamart, France
| | - Benoit Lecuelle
- Center for Biomedical Research, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons Alfort, France
| | - Thomas Lilin
- Center for Biomedical Research, Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, Maisons Alfort, France
| | - Anne Dubart-Kupperschmitt
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1193, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France.,Département Hospitalo-Universitaire Hepatinov, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France.,Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, Paris-Saclay University, Orsay, France
| | - Ibrahim Dagher
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1193, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France.,Département Hospitalo-Universitaire Hepatinov, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France.,Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, Paris-Saclay University, Orsay, France.,Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Antoine Béclère Hospital, APHP, Clamart, France
| | - Hadrien Tranchart
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) U1193, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France.,Département Hospitalo-Universitaire Hepatinov, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif, France.,Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, Paris-Saclay University, Orsay, France.,Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Antoine Béclère Hospital, APHP, Clamart, France
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Messina A, Luce E, Hussein M, Dubart-Kupperschmitt A. Pluripotent-Stem-Cell-Derived Hepatic Cells: Hepatocytes and Organoids for Liver Therapy and Regeneration. Cells 2020; 9:cells9020420. [PMID: 32059501 PMCID: PMC7072243 DOI: 10.3390/cells9020420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2019] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The liver is a very complex organ that ensures numerous functions; it is thus susceptible to multiple types of damage and dysfunction. Since 1983, orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) has been considered the only medical solution available to patients when most of their liver function is lost. Unfortunately, the number of patients waiting for OLT is worryingly increasing, and extracorporeal liver support devices are not yet able to counteract the problem. In this review, the current and expected methodologies in liver regeneration are briefly analyzed. In particular, human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) as a source of hepatic cells for liver therapy and regeneration are discussed. Principles of hPSC differentiation into hepatocytes are explored, along with the current limitations that have led to the development of 3D culture systems and organoid production. Expected applications of these organoids are discussed with particular attention paid to bio artificial liver (BAL) devices and liver bio-fabrication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonietta Messina
- INSERM unité mixte de recherche (UMR_S) 1193, F-94800 Villejuif, France; (A.M.)
- UMR_S 1193, Université Paris-Sud/Paris-Saclay, F-94800 Villejuif, France
- Département Hospitalo-Universitaire (DHU) Hépatinov, F-94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Eléanor Luce
- INSERM unité mixte de recherche (UMR_S) 1193, F-94800 Villejuif, France; (A.M.)
- UMR_S 1193, Université Paris-Sud/Paris-Saclay, F-94800 Villejuif, France
- Département Hospitalo-Universitaire (DHU) Hépatinov, F-94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Marwa Hussein
- INSERM unité mixte de recherche (UMR_S) 1193, F-94800 Villejuif, France; (A.M.)
- UMR_S 1193, Université Paris-Sud/Paris-Saclay, F-94800 Villejuif, France
- Département Hospitalo-Universitaire (DHU) Hépatinov, F-94800 Villejuif, France
| | - Anne Dubart-Kupperschmitt
- INSERM unité mixte de recherche (UMR_S) 1193, F-94800 Villejuif, France; (A.M.)
- UMR_S 1193, Université Paris-Sud/Paris-Saclay, F-94800 Villejuif, France
- Département Hospitalo-Universitaire (DHU) Hépatinov, F-94800 Villejuif, France
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +33-145595138
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Improved in vivo efficacy of clinical-grade cryopreserved human hepatocytes in mice with acute liver failure. Cytotherapy 2020; 22:114-121. [PMID: 31987755 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcyt.2019.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Clinical hepatocyte transplantation short-term efficacy has been demonstrated; however, some major limitations, mainly due to the shortage of organs, the lack of quality of isolated cells and the low cell engraftment after transplantation, should be solved for increasing its efficacy in clinical applications. Cellular stress during isolation causes an unpredictable loss of attachment ability of the cells, which can be aggravated by cryopreservation and thawing. In this work, we focused on the use of a Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) solution compared with the standard cryopreservation medium, the University of Wisconsin medium, for the purpose of improving the functional quality of cells and their ability to engraft in vivo, with the idea of establishing a biobank of cryopreserved human hepatocytes available for their clinical use. We evaluated not only cell viability but also specific hepatic function indicators of the functional performance of the cells such as attachment efficiency, ureogenic capability, phase I and II enzymes activities and the expression of specific adhesion molecules in vitro. Additionally, we also assessed and compared the in vivo efficacy of human hepatocytes cryopreserved in different media in an animal model of acute liver failure. Human hepatocytes cryopreserved in the new GMP solution offered better in vitro and in vivo functionality compared with those cryopreserved in the standard medium. Overall, the results indicate that the new tested GMP solution maintains better hepatic functions and, most importantly, shows better results in vivo, which could imply an increase in long-term efficacy when used in patients.
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Erratum. Liver Transpl 2019; 25:975. [PMID: 31112637 DOI: 10.1002/lt.25483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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