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Sentoku M, Hashimoto H, Iida K, Endo M, Yasuda K. Photothermal Agarose Microfabrication Technology for Collective Cell Migration Analysis. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:1015. [PMID: 34577661 PMCID: PMC8467839 DOI: 10.3390/mi12091015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Agarose photothermal microfabrication technology is one of the micropatterning techniques that has the advantage of simple and flexible real-time fabrication even during the cultivation of cells. To examine the ability and limitation of the agarose microstructures, we investigated the collective epithelial cell migration behavior in two-dimensional agarose confined structures. Agarose microchannels from 10 to 211 micrometer width were fabricated with a spot heating of a focused 1480 nm wavelength infrared laser to the thin agarose layer coated on the cultivation dish after the cells occupied the reservoir. The collective cell migration velocity maintained constant regardless of their extension distance, whereas the width dependency of those velocities was maximized around 30 micrometer width and decreased both in the narrower and wider microchannels. The single-cell tracking revealed that the decrease of velocity in the narrower width was caused by the apparent increase of aspect ratio of cell shape (up to 8.9). In contrast, the decrease in the wider channels was mainly caused by the increase of the random walk-like behavior of component cells. The results confirmed the advantages of this method: (1) flexible fabrication without any pre-designing, (2) modification even during cultivation, and (3) the cells were confined in the agarose geometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitsuru Sentoku
- Department of Pure and Applied Physics, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan; (M.S.); (H.H.); (K.I.)
| | - Hiromichi Hashimoto
- Department of Pure and Applied Physics, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan; (M.S.); (H.H.); (K.I.)
| | - Kento Iida
- Department of Pure and Applied Physics, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan; (M.S.); (H.H.); (K.I.)
| | - Masaharu Endo
- Department of Physics, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan;
| | - Kenji Yasuda
- Department of Pure and Applied Physics, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan; (M.S.); (H.H.); (K.I.)
- Department of Physics, School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan;
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Song Q, Druzhinin SI, Schönherr H. Asymmetric multifunctional 3D cell microenvironments by capillary force assembly. J Mater Chem B 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9tb00653b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The fabrication and characterization of advanced 3D cell culture microenvironments that enable systematic structure–property relationship studies are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qimeng Song
- Physical Chemistry I and Research Center of Micro and Nanochemistry and Engineering (Cμ)
- Department of Chemistry and Biology
- University of Siegen
- Siegen
- Germany
| | - Sergey I. Druzhinin
- Physical Chemistry I and Research Center of Micro and Nanochemistry and Engineering (Cμ)
- Department of Chemistry and Biology
- University of Siegen
- Siegen
- Germany
| | - Holger Schönherr
- Physical Chemistry I and Research Center of Micro and Nanochemistry and Engineering (Cμ)
- Department of Chemistry and Biology
- University of Siegen
- Siegen
- Germany
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A single-cell micro-trench platform for automatic monitoring of cell division and apoptosis after chemotherapeutic drug administration. Sci Rep 2018; 8:18042. [PMID: 30575776 PMCID: PMC6303304 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-36508-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Cells vary in their dynamic response to external stimuli, due to stochastic fluctuations and non-uniform progression through the cell cycle. Hence, single-cell studies are required to reveal the range of heterogeneity in their responses to defined perturbations, which provides detailed insight into signaling processes. Here, we present a time-lapse study using arrays of micro-trenches to monitor the timing of cell division and apoptosis in non-adherent cells at the single-cell level. By employing automated cell tracking and division detection, we precisely determine cell cycle duration and sister-cell correlations for hundreds of individual cells in parallel. As a model application we study the response of leukemia cells to the chemostatic drug vincristine as a function of cell cycle phase. The time-to-death after drug addition is found to depend both on drug concentration and cell cycle phase. The resulting timing and dose-response distributions were reproduced in control experiments using synchronized cell populations. Interestingly, in non-synchronized cells, the time-to-death intervals for sister cells appear to be correlated. Our study demonstrates the practical benefits of micro-trench arrays as a platform for high-throughput, single-cell time-lapse studies on cell cycle dependence, correlations and cell fate decisions in general.
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Zaidi KF, Agrawal N. Microstencil-based spatial immobilization of individual cells for single cell analysis. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2018; 12:064104. [PMID: 30867865 PMCID: PMC6404921 DOI: 10.1063/1.5061922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2018] [Accepted: 11/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Cells exhibit biologically heterogeneous phenotypes, particularly in pathogenic states. To study cell behavior at the single cell level, a variety of micropatterning techniques have been proposed that allow the spatial organization of cells with great control over cell volume, morphology, and intercellular interactions. Among these strategies, microstencil patterning has traditionally been eschewed due to fragility of membranes and lack of control over cell configurations within patterns. Here, we present a simple and reproducible strategy to create robust microstencils and achieve consistent and efficient cell patterns requiring less than 4 μl of cell solution. Polydimethylsiloxane microstencils fabricated with this technique can be used dozens of times over the course of several months with minimal wear or degradation. Characterization of pattern size, cell suspension density, and droplet volume allows on-demand configurations of singlets, doublets, triplets, or multiple cells per individual space. In addition, a novel technique to suppress evaporative convection provides precise and repeatable results, with a twofold increase in patterning efficacy. Selective dual surface modification to create hydrophilic islands on a hydrophobic substrate facilitates a significantly longer and healthier lifespan of cells without crossover of pattern boundaries. The ability to pattern individual cells with or without an extracellular matrix substrate and to control the magnitude of cell-cell contact as well as spread area provides a powerful approach to monitoring cell functions such as proliferation and intercellular signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khadija F. Zaidi
- Department of Bioengineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia 22033, USA
| | - Nitin Agrawal
- Department of Bioengineering, George Mason University, Fairfax, Virginia 22033, USA
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Steinke M, Zunhammer F, Chatzopoulou EI, Teller H, Schütze K, Walles H, Rädler JO, Grüttner C. Rapid Analysis of Cell-Nanoparticle Interactions using Single-Cell Raman Trapping Microscopy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:4946-4950. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201713151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2017] [Revised: 02/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Steinke
- Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISC; c/o University Hospital Würzburg; Chair of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine; Röntgenring 11 97070 Würzburg Germany
| | | | - Elisavet I. Chatzopoulou
- Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich; Faculty of Physics; Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1 80539 München Germany
| | - Henrik Teller
- Micromod Partikeltechnologie GmbH; Friedrich-Barnewitz-Straße 4 18119 Rostock Germany
| | | | - Heike Walles
- Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISC; c/o University Hospital Würzburg; Chair of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine; Röntgenring 11 97070 Würzburg Germany
| | - Joachim O. Rädler
- Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich; Faculty of Physics; Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1 80539 München Germany
| | - Cordula Grüttner
- Micromod Partikeltechnologie GmbH; Friedrich-Barnewitz-Straße 4 18119 Rostock Germany
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Steinke M, Zunhammer F, Chatzopoulou EI, Teller H, Schütze K, Walles H, Rädler JO, Grüttner C. Rapid Analysis of Cell-Nanoparticle Interactions using Single-Cell Raman Trapping Microscopy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201713151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Steinke
- Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISC; c/o University Hospital Würzburg; Chair of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine; Röntgenring 11 97070 Würzburg Germany
| | | | - Elisavet I. Chatzopoulou
- Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich; Faculty of Physics; Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1 80539 München Germany
| | - Henrik Teller
- Micromod Partikeltechnologie GmbH; Friedrich-Barnewitz-Straße 4 18119 Rostock Germany
| | | | - Heike Walles
- Fraunhofer Institute for Silicate Research ISC; c/o University Hospital Würzburg; Chair of Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine; Röntgenring 11 97070 Würzburg Germany
| | - Joachim O. Rädler
- Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich; Faculty of Physics; Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1 80539 München Germany
| | - Cordula Grüttner
- Micromod Partikeltechnologie GmbH; Friedrich-Barnewitz-Straße 4 18119 Rostock Germany
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Lilge I, Jiang S, Schönherr H. Long-Term Stable Poly(acrylamide) Brush Modified Transparent Microwells for Cell Attachment Studies in 3D. Macromol Biosci 2017; 17. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201600451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2016] [Revised: 11/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Inga Lilge
- Physical Chemistry I; Department of Chemistry and Biology and Research Center of Micro and Nanochemistry and Engineering (Cμ); University of Siegen; Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2 57076 Siegen Germany
| | - Siyu Jiang
- Physical Chemistry I; Department of Chemistry and Biology and Research Center of Micro and Nanochemistry and Engineering (Cμ); University of Siegen; Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2 57076 Siegen Germany
| | - Holger Schönherr
- Physical Chemistry I; Department of Chemistry and Biology and Research Center of Micro and Nanochemistry and Engineering (Cμ); University of Siegen; Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2 57076 Siegen Germany
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Controlling Cell Functions and Fate with Surfaces and Hydrogels: The Role of Material Features in Cell Adhesion and Signal Transduction. Gels 2016; 2:gels2010012. [PMID: 30674144 PMCID: PMC6318664 DOI: 10.3390/gels2010012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2016] [Revised: 02/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In their natural environment, cells are constantly exposed to a cohort of biochemical and biophysical signals that govern their functions and fate. Therefore, materials for biomedical applications, either in vivo or in vitro, should provide a replica of the complex patterns of biological signals. Thus, the development of a novel class of biomaterials requires, on the one side, the understanding of the dynamic interactions occurring at the interface of cells and materials; on the other, it requires the development of technologies able to integrate multiple signals precisely organized in time and space. A large body of studies aimed at investigating the mechanisms underpinning cell-material interactions is mostly based on 2D systems. While these have been instrumental in shaping our understanding of the recognition of and reaction to material stimuli, they lack the ability to capture central features of the natural cellular environment, such as dimensionality, remodelling and degradability. In this work, we review the fundamental traits of material signal sensing and cell response. We then present relevant technologies and materials that enable fabricating systems able to control various aspects of cell behavior, and we highlight potential differences that arise from 2D and 3D settings.
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Marel AK, Zorn M, Klingner C, Wedlich-Söldner R, Frey E, Rädler JO. Flow and diffusion in channel-guided cell migration. Biophys J 2015; 107:1054-1064. [PMID: 25185541 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2014.07.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Revised: 07/02/2014] [Accepted: 07/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Collective migration of mechanically coupled cell layers is a notable feature of wound healing, embryonic development, and cancer progression. In confluent epithelial sheets, the dynamics have been found to be highly heterogeneous, exhibiting spontaneous formation of swirls, long-range correlations, and glass-like dynamic arrest as a function of cell density. In contrast, the flow-like properties of one-sided cell-sheet expansion in confining geometries are not well understood. Here, we studied the short- and long-term flow of Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells as they moved through microchannels. Using single-cell tracking and particle image velocimetry (PIV), we found that a defined averaged stationary cell current emerged that exhibited a velocity gradient in the direction of migration and a plug-flow-like profile across the advancing sheet. The observed flow velocity can be decomposed into a constant term of directed cell migration and a diffusion-like contribution that increases with density gradient. The diffusive component is consistent with the cell-density profile and front propagation speed predicted by the Fisher-Kolmogorov equation. To connect diffusion-mediated transport to underlying cellular motility, we studied single-cell trajectories and occurrence of vorticity. We discovered that the directed large-scale cell flow altered fluctuations in cellular motion at short length scales: vorticity maps showed a reduced frequency of swirl formation in channel flow compared with resting sheets of equal cell density. Furthermore, under flow, single-cell trajectories showed persistent long-range, random-walk behavior superimposed on drift, whereas cells in resting tissue did not show significant displacements with respect to neighboring cells. Our work thus suggests that active cell migration manifests itself in an underlying, spatially uniform drift as well as in randomized bursts of short-range correlated motion that lead to a diffusion-mediated transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna-Kristina Marel
- Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig Maximilians Universität, München, Germany; Center for NanoScience, Ludwig Maximilians Universität, München, Germany; Nanosystems Initiative Munich, München, Germany
| | - Matthias Zorn
- Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig Maximilians Universität, München, Germany; Center for NanoScience, Ludwig Maximilians Universität, München, Germany
| | | | | | - Erwin Frey
- Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig Maximilians Universität, München, Germany; Center for NanoScience, Ludwig Maximilians Universität, München, Germany; Arnold Sommerfeld Center, Ludwig Maximilians Universität, München, Germany; Nanosystems Initiative Munich, München, Germany
| | - Joachim O Rädler
- Fakultät für Physik, Ludwig Maximilians Universität, München, Germany; Center for NanoScience, Ludwig Maximilians Universität, München, Germany; Nanosystems Initiative Munich, München, Germany.
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Sekhavati F, Endele M, Rappl S, Marel AK, Schroeder T, Rädler JO. Marker-free detection of progenitor cell differentiation by analysis of Brownian motion in micro-wells. Integr Biol (Camb) 2014; 7:178-83. [PMID: 25514157 DOI: 10.1039/c4ib00158c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The kinetics of stem and progenitor cell differentiation at the single-cell level provides essential clues to the complexity of the underlying decision-making circuits. In many hematopoietic progenitor cells, differentiation is accompanied by the expression of lineage-specific markers and by a transition from a non-adherent to an adherent state. Here, using the granulocyte-macrophage progenitor (GMP) as a model, we introduce a label-free approach that allows one to follow the course of this transition in hundreds of single cells in parallel. We trap single cells in patterned arrays of micro-wells and use phase-contrast time-lapse movies to distinguish non-adherent from adherent cells by an analysis of Brownian motion. This approach allowed us to observe the kinetics of induced differentiation of primary bone-marrow-derived GMPs into macrophages. The time lapse started 2 hours after addition of the cytokine M-CSF, and nearly 80% of the population had accomplished the transition within the first 20 h. The analysis of Brownian motion proved to be a sensitive and robust tool for monitoring the transition, and thus provides a high-throughput method for the study of cell differentiation at the single-cell level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farzad Sekhavati
- Faculty of Physics and Center for NanoScience, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany.
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