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Heinemann C, Buchner F, Lee PS, Bernhardt A, Kruppke B, Wiesmann HP, Hintze V. Effects of Gamma Irradiation and Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Sterilization on Methacrylated Gelatin/Hyaluronan Hydrogels. J Funct Biomater 2023; 14:317. [PMID: 37367281 DOI: 10.3390/jfb14060317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Biopolymer hydrogels have become an important group of biomaterials in experimental and clinical use. However, unlike metallic or mineral materials, they are quite sensitive to sterilization. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of gamma irradiation and supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) treatment on the physicochemical properties of different hyaluronan (HA)- and/or gelatin (GEL)-based hydrogels and the cellular response of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hBMSC). Hydrogels were photo-polymerized from methacrylated HA, methacrylated GEL, or a mixture of GEL/HA. The composition and sterilization methods altered the dissolution behavior of the biopolymeric hydrogels. There were no significant differences in methacrylated GEL release but increased methacrylated HA degradation of gamma-irradiated samples. Pore size/form remained unchanged, while gamma irradiation decreased the elastic modulus from about 29 kPa to 19 kPa compared to aseptic samples. HBMSC proliferated and increased alkaline phosphatase activity (ALP) particularly in aseptic and gamma-irradiated methacrylated GEL/HA hydrogels alike, while scCO2 treatment had a negative effect on both proliferation and osteogenic differentiation. Thus, gamma-irradiated methacrylated GEL/HA hydrogels are a promising base for multi-component bone substitute materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiane Heinemann
- Institute of Materials Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität Dresden, Budapester Str. 27, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Frauke Buchner
- Institute of Materials Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität Dresden, Budapester Str. 27, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Poh Soo Lee
- Institute of Materials Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität Dresden, Budapester Str. 27, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Anne Bernhardt
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, D-01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Benjamin Kruppke
- Institute of Materials Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität Dresden, Budapester Str. 27, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Wiesmann
- Institute of Materials Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität Dresden, Budapester Str. 27, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Vera Hintze
- Institute of Materials Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität Dresden, Budapester Str. 27, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
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2
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Shi J, Kanoya R, Tani Y, Ishikawa S, Maeda R, Suzuki S, Kawanami F, Miyagawa N, Takahashi K, Oku T, Yamamoto A, Fukuzawa K, Nakajima M, Irimura T, Higashi N. Sulfated Hyaluronan Binds to Heparanase and Blocks Its Enzymatic and Cellular Actions in Carcinoma Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23095055. [PMID: 35563446 PMCID: PMC9102160 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 04/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We examined whether sulfated hyaluronan exerts inhibitory effects on enzymatic and biological actions of heparanase, a sole endo-beta-glucuronidase implicated in cancer malignancy and inflammation. Degradation of heparan sulfate by human and mouse heparanase was inhibited by sulfated hyaluronan. In particular, high-sulfated hyaluronan modified with approximately 2.5 sulfate groups per disaccharide unit effectively inhibited the enzymatic activity at a lower concentration than heparin. Human and mouse heparanase bound to immobilized sulfated hyaluronan. Invasion of heparanase-positive colon-26 cells and 4T1 cells under 3D culture conditions was significantly suppressed in the presence of high-sulfated hyaluronan. Heparanase-induced release of CCL2 from colon-26 cells was suppressed in the presence of sulfated hyaluronan via blocking of cell surface binding and subsequent intracellular NF-κB-dependent signaling. The inhibitory effect of sulfated hyaluronan is likely due to competitive binding to the heparanase molecule, which antagonizes the heparanase-substrate interaction. Fragment molecular orbital calculation revealed a strong binding of sulfated hyaluronan tetrasaccharide to the heparanase molecule based on electrostatic interactions, particularly characterized by interactions of (−1)- and (−2)-positioned sulfated sugar residues with basic amino acid residues composing the heparin-binding domain-1 of heparanase. These results propose a relevance for sulfated hyaluronan in the blocking of heparanase-mediated enzymatic and cellular actions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Shi
- Department of Biochemistry, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy, 2-4-41, Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 144-8501, Japan; (J.S.); (R.K.); (Y.T.); (S.I.); (R.M.); (S.S.); (F.K.); (N.M.); (K.T.)
| | - Riku Kanoya
- Department of Biochemistry, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy, 2-4-41, Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 144-8501, Japan; (J.S.); (R.K.); (Y.T.); (S.I.); (R.M.); (S.S.); (F.K.); (N.M.); (K.T.)
| | - Yurina Tani
- Department of Biochemistry, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy, 2-4-41, Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 144-8501, Japan; (J.S.); (R.K.); (Y.T.); (S.I.); (R.M.); (S.S.); (F.K.); (N.M.); (K.T.)
| | - Sodai Ishikawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy, 2-4-41, Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 144-8501, Japan; (J.S.); (R.K.); (Y.T.); (S.I.); (R.M.); (S.S.); (F.K.); (N.M.); (K.T.)
| | - Rino Maeda
- Department of Biochemistry, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy, 2-4-41, Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 144-8501, Japan; (J.S.); (R.K.); (Y.T.); (S.I.); (R.M.); (S.S.); (F.K.); (N.M.); (K.T.)
| | - Sana Suzuki
- Department of Biochemistry, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy, 2-4-41, Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 144-8501, Japan; (J.S.); (R.K.); (Y.T.); (S.I.); (R.M.); (S.S.); (F.K.); (N.M.); (K.T.)
| | - Fumiya Kawanami
- Department of Biochemistry, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy, 2-4-41, Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 144-8501, Japan; (J.S.); (R.K.); (Y.T.); (S.I.); (R.M.); (S.S.); (F.K.); (N.M.); (K.T.)
| | - Naoko Miyagawa
- Department of Biochemistry, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy, 2-4-41, Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 144-8501, Japan; (J.S.); (R.K.); (Y.T.); (S.I.); (R.M.); (S.S.); (F.K.); (N.M.); (K.T.)
| | - Katsuhiko Takahashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy, 2-4-41, Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 144-8501, Japan; (J.S.); (R.K.); (Y.T.); (S.I.); (R.M.); (S.S.); (F.K.); (N.M.); (K.T.)
| | - Teruaki Oku
- Department of Microbiology, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy, 2-4-41, Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 144-8501, Japan;
| | - Ami Yamamoto
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy, 2-4-41, Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 144-8501, Japan; (A.Y.); (K.F.)
| | - Kaori Fukuzawa
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy, 2-4-41, Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 144-8501, Japan; (A.Y.); (K.F.)
| | - Motowo Nakajima
- SBI Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd., 1-6-1, Roppongi, Minato-ku, Tokyo 106-6019, Japan;
| | - Tatsuro Irimura
- Division of Glycobiologics, Intractable Disease Research Center, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1, Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 104-8520, Japan;
| | - Nobuaki Higashi
- Department of Biochemistry, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy, 2-4-41, Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 144-8501, Japan; (J.S.); (R.K.); (Y.T.); (S.I.); (R.M.); (S.S.); (F.K.); (N.M.); (K.T.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-3-5498-5775
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Kroschwald LM, Allerdt F, Bernhardt A, Rother S, Zheng K, Maqsood I, Halfter N, Heinemann C, Möller S, Schnabelrauch M, Hacker MC, Rammelt S, Boccaccini AR, Hintze V. Artificial Extracellular Matrices Containing Bioactive Glass Nanoparticles Promote Osteogenic Differentiation in Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222312819. [PMID: 34884623 PMCID: PMC8657909 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222312819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study analyzes the capacity of collagen (coll)/sulfated glycosaminoglycan (sGAG)-based surface coatings containing bioactive glass nanoparticles (BGN) in promoting the osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stroma cells (hMSC). Physicochemical characteristics of these coatings and their effects on proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of hMSC were investigated. BGN were stably incorporated into the artificial extracellular matrices (aECM). Oscillatory rheology showed predominantly elastic, gel-like properties of the coatings. The complex viscosity increased depending on the GAG component and was further elevated by adding BGN. BGN-containing aECM showed a release of silicon ions as well as an uptake of calcium ions. hMSC were able to proliferate on coll and coll/sGAG coatings, while cellular growth was delayed on aECM containing BGN. However, a stimulating effect of BGN on ALP activity and calcium deposition was shown. Furthermore, a synergistic effect of sGAG and BGN was found for some donors. Our findings demonstrated the promising potential of aECM and BGN combinations in promoting bone regeneration. Still, future work is required to further optimize the BGN/aECM combination for increasing its combined osteogenic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lysann M. Kroschwald
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Hospital “Carl Gustav Carus”, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, D-01307 Dresden, Germany; (L.M.K.); (A.B.)
| | - Felix Allerdt
- Institute of Materials Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, TU Dresden, Budapester Straße 27, D-01069 Dresden, Germany; (F.A.); (S.R.); (N.H.); (C.H.)
| | - Anne Bernhardt
- Centre for Translational Bone, Joint and Soft Tissue Research, University Hospital “Carl Gustav Carus”, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstraße 74, D-01307 Dresden, Germany; (L.M.K.); (A.B.)
| | - Sandra Rother
- Institute of Materials Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, TU Dresden, Budapester Straße 27, D-01069 Dresden, Germany; (F.A.); (S.R.); (N.H.); (C.H.)
| | - Kai Zheng
- Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany; (K.Z.); (A.R.B.)
| | - Iram Maqsood
- Institute for Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Technology, University Leipzig, D-04317 Leipzig, Germany;
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences (RIPS), Riphah International University (RIU), Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Norbert Halfter
- Institute of Materials Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, TU Dresden, Budapester Straße 27, D-01069 Dresden, Germany; (F.A.); (S.R.); (N.H.); (C.H.)
| | - Christiane Heinemann
- Institute of Materials Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, TU Dresden, Budapester Straße 27, D-01069 Dresden, Germany; (F.A.); (S.R.); (N.H.); (C.H.)
| | - Stephanie Möller
- Biomaterials Department, INNOVENT e.V., D-07745 Jena, Germany; (S.M.); (M.S.)
| | | | - Michael C. Hacker
- Institute of Pharmaceutics and Biopharmaceutics, Heinrich Heine University, D-40225 Düsseldorf, Germany;
| | - Stefan Rammelt
- University Centre for Orthopaedics, Plastic and Trauma Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, D-01307 Dresden, Germany;
| | - Aldo R. Boccaccini
- Institute of Biomaterials, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany; (K.Z.); (A.R.B.)
| | - Vera Hintze
- Institute of Materials Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, TU Dresden, Budapester Straße 27, D-01069 Dresden, Germany; (F.A.); (S.R.); (N.H.); (C.H.)
- Correspondence:
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4
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Al-Maawi S, Rother S, Halfter N, Fiebig KM, Moritz J, Moeller S, Schnabelrauch M, Kirkpatrick CJ, Sader R, Wiesmann HP, Scharnweber D, Hintze V, Ghanaati S. Covalent linkage of sulfated hyaluronan to the collagen scaffold Mucograft® enhances scaffold stability and reduces proinflammatory macrophage activation in vivo. Bioact Mater 2021; 8:420-434. [PMID: 34541411 PMCID: PMC8429620 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulfated glycosaminoglycans (sGAG) show interaction with biological mediator proteins. Although collagen-based biomaterials are widely used in clinics, their combination with high-sulfated hyaluronan (sHA3) is unexplored. This study aims to functionalize a collagen-based scaffold (Mucograft®) with sHA3 via electrostatic (sHA3/PBS) or covalent binding to collagen fibrils (sHA3+EDC/NHS). Crosslinking without sHA3 was used as a control (EDC/NHS Ctrl). The properties of the sHA3-functionalized materials were characterized. In vitro growth factor and cytokine release after culturing with liquid platelet-rich fibrin was performed by means of ELISA. The cellular reaction to the biomaterials was analyzed in a subcutaneous rat model. The study revealed that covalent linking of sHA3 to collagen allowed only a marginal release of sHA3 over 28 days in contrast to electrostatically bound sHA3. sHA3+EDC/NHS scaffolds showed reduced vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), transforming growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1) and enhanced interleukin-8 (IL-8) and epithelial growth factor (EGF) release in vitro compared to the other scaffolds. Both sHA3/PBS and EDC/NHS Ctrl scaffolds showed a high proinflammatory reaction (M1: CD-68+/CCR7+) and induced multinucleated giant cell (MNGC) formation in vivo. Only sHA3+EDC/NHS scaffolds reduced the proinflammatory macrophage M1 response and did not induce MNGC formation during the 30 days. SHA3+EDC/NHS scaffolds had a stable structure in vivo and showed sufficient integration into the implantation region after 30 days, whereas EDC/NHS Ctrl scaffolds underwent marked disintegration and lost their initial structure. In summary, functionalized collagen (sHA3+EDC/NHS) modulates the inflammatory response and is a promising biomaterial as a stable scaffold for full-thickness skin regeneration in the future. Covalent linking of high-sulfated hyaluronan (sHA3) to collagen allows a sustained release of sHA3. Covalent linking of sHA3 to collagen modulates the release of growth factor and cytokines in vitro. Covalent linking of sHA3 to collagen suppresses the induction of multinucleated giant cells in vivo. Covalent linking of sHA3 to collagen reduces the proinflammatory macrophage M1 response in vivo. Functionalized collagen with sHA3 is promising for full-thickness skin regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Al-Maawi
- Clinic for Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, Goethe University, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - Sandra Rother
- Institute of Materials Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, TU Dresden, Budapester Str. 27, 01069, Dresden, Germany.,Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, Glycobiology Research and Training Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Norbert Halfter
- Institute of Materials Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, TU Dresden, Budapester Str. 27, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Karen M Fiebig
- Institute of Materials Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, TU Dresden, Budapester Str. 27, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Juliane Moritz
- Institute of Materials Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, TU Dresden, Budapester Str. 27, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Stephanie Moeller
- Biomaterials Department, INNOVENT e.V., Prüssingstr. 27B, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | | | | | - Robert Sader
- Clinic for Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, Goethe University, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
| | - Hans-Peter Wiesmann
- Institute of Materials Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, TU Dresden, Budapester Str. 27, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Dieter Scharnweber
- Institute of Materials Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, TU Dresden, Budapester Str. 27, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Vera Hintze
- Institute of Materials Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, TU Dresden, Budapester Str. 27, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Shahram Ghanaati
- Clinic for Maxillofacial and Plastic Surgery, Goethe University, Frankfurt Am Main, Germany
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Vogel S, Ullm F, Müller CD, Pompe T, Hempel U. Impact of binding mode of low-sulfated hyaluronan to 3D collagen matrices on its osteoinductive effect for human bone marrow stromal cells. Biol Chem 2021; 402:1465-1478. [PMID: 34085493 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2021-0212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Synthetically sulfated hyaluronan derivatives were shown to facilitate osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow stromal cells (hBMSC) by application in solution or incorporated in thin collagen-based coatings. In the presented study, using a biomimetic three-dimensional (3D) cell culture model based on fibrillary collagen I (3D Col matrix), we asked on the impact of binding mode of low sulfated hyaluronan (sHA) in terms of adsorptive and covalent binding on osteogenic differentiation of hBMSC. Both binding modes of sHA induced osteogenic differentiation. Although for adsorptive binding of sHA a strong intracellular uptake of sHA was observed, implicating an intracellular mode of action, covalent binding of sHA to the 3D matrix induced also intense osteoinductive effects pointing towards an extracellular mode of action of sHA in osteogenic differentiation. In summary, the results emphasize the relevance of fibrillary 3D Col matrices as a model to study hBMSC differentiation in vitro in a physiological-like environment and that sHA can display dose-dependent osteoinductive effects in dependence on presentation mode in cell culture scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Vogel
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Carl Gustav Carus Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, D-01307Dresden, Germany
| | - Franziska Ullm
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 21-23, D-04103Leipzig, Germany
| | - Claudia Damaris Müller
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Carl Gustav Carus Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, D-01307Dresden, Germany
| | - Tilo Pompe
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Universität Leipzig, Johannisallee 21-23, D-04103Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ute Hempel
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry, Carl Gustav Carus Faculty of Medicine, Technische Universität Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, D-01307Dresden, Germany
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Rother S, Krönert V, Hauck N, Berg A, Moeller S, Schnabelrauch M, Thiele J, Scharnweber D, Hintze V. Hyaluronan/collagen hydrogel matrices containing high-sulfated hyaluronan microgels for regulating transforming growth factor-β1. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2019; 30:65. [PMID: 31127393 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-019-6267-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Hyaluronan (HA)-based microgels generated in a microfluidic approach, containing an artificial extracellular matrix composed of collagen and high-sulfated hyaluronan (sHA3), were incorporated into a HA/collagen-based hydrogel matrix. This significantly enhanced the retention of noncrosslinked sHA3 within the gels enabling controlled sHA3 presentation. Gels containing sHA3 bound higher amounts of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) compared to pure HA/collagen hydrogels. Moreover, the presence of sHA3-containing microgels improved the TGF-β1 retention within the hydrogels. These findings are promising for developing innovative biomaterials with adjustable sHA3 release and growth factor interaction profiles to foster skin repair, e.g., by rebalancing dysregulated TGF-β1 levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Rother
- Institute of Materials Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, TU Dresden, Budapester Str. 27, 01069, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Vera Krönert
- Institute of Materials Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, TU Dresden, Budapester Str. 27, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Nicolas Hauck
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Polymer Physics, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Albrecht Berg
- Biomaterials Department, INNOVENT e.V., Prüssingstr. 27B, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | - Stephanie Moeller
- Biomaterials Department, INNOVENT e.V., Prüssingstr. 27B, 07745, Jena, Germany
| | | | - Julian Thiele
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Polymer Physics, Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Dieter Scharnweber
- Institute of Materials Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, TU Dresden, Budapester Str. 27, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - Vera Hintze
- Institute of Materials Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, TU Dresden, Budapester Str. 27, 01069, Dresden, Germany
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7
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Wojak-Ćwik IM, Rumian Ł, Krok-Borkowicz M, Hess R, Bernhardt R, Dobrzyński P, Möller S, Schnabelrauch M, Hintze V, Scharnweber D, Pamuła E. Synergistic effect of bimodal pore distribution and artificial extracellular matrices in polymeric scaffolds on osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 97:12-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.12.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Zhu S, Yuan Q, Yang M, You J, Yin T, Gu Z, Hu Y, Xiong S. A quantitative comparable study on multi-hierarchy conformation of acid and pepsin-solubilized collagens from the skin of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella). MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2019; 96:446-457. [PMID: 30606554 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.11.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 10/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
This work aimed to improve yield of collagen from the grass carp skin by employing different strategies (acid-acid method, pepsin-pepsin method and acid-pepsin method, denoted as A-A, P-P, A-P, respectively). And further to conduct quantitative characterization on structural properties, self-assembly kinetics and gelation properties of these collagens. Herein, a two-step collagen extraction method (pepsin-pepsin) was established with the high yield. Meanwhile, structural measurements of high-yield collagen (pepsin-soluble collagen, PSC) and acid-soluble collagen (ASC) indicated that both collagens maintained the typical triple helical conformation of collagen type I. Moreover, the fibrillogenesis tests of PSC and ASC at the various temperatures confirmed that self-assembly were the entropy-driven process. The gelation time of both ASC and PSC was determined by the dynamic time sweep at the different frequencies combined with Winter's criterion. The self-assembly kinetics results showed that fibrillogenesis rate for ASC solution was faster, and more liable to gelation relative to PSC. Mechanical measurements suggested that ASC showed the more resistance ability to deformation than PSC due to more complicated architecture, confirmed by higher fractal dimension. However, the equivalent typical assemblies of PSC to ASC at the various stages can still be expected via controlling incubation time or temperature under the guidance of Arrhenius equation. This study would provide some strategies for achieving maximum utilization of waste biomass and significant insights into the mechanisms underlying the quantitative differences in multiple hierarchy conformation (molecule, fibrillogenesis and hydrogel) of ASC and PSC, which may benefit for subsequent design, development and optimization of collagen-based hydrogels in biomedical industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shichen Zhu
- College of Food Science and Technology and MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Health Production of Fisheries in Hunan Province, Hunan, Changde 415000, PR China
| | - Qijuan Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Sensing Technology and Biomedical Instrument of Guangdong Province, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Mingtao Yang
- College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Yichun University, Yichun 336000, PR China
| | - Juan You
- College of Food Science and Technology and MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Tao Yin
- College of Food Science and Technology and MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China
| | - Zhipeng Gu
- Key Laboratory of Sensing Technology and Biomedical Instrument of Guangdong Province, School of Biomedical Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yang Hu
- College of Food Science and Technology and MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Health Production of Fisheries in Hunan Province, Hunan, Changde 415000, PR China.
| | - Shanbai Xiong
- College of Food Science and Technology and MOE Key Laboratory of Environment Correlative Dietology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, PR China; Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Health Production of Fisheries in Hunan Province, Hunan, Changde 415000, PR China.
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9
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Corsuto L, Rother S, Koehler L, Bedini E, Moeller S, Schnabelrauch M, Hintze V, Schiraldi C, Scharnweber D. Sulfation degree not origin of chondroitin sulfate derivatives modulates keratinocyte response. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 191:53-64. [PMID: 29661321 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2018.02.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Chondroitin sulfate (CS) sulfation-dependently binds transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and chronic wounds often accompany with epidermal hyperproliferation due to downregulated TGF-β signaling. However, the impact of CS on keratinocytes is unknown. Especially biotechnological-chemical strategies are promising to replace animal-derived CS. Thus, this study aims to evaluate the effects of CS derivatives on the interaction with vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) and on keratinocyte response. Over-sulfated CS (sCS3) interacts stronger with VEGF-A than CS. Furthermore, collagen coatings with CS variants are prepared by in vitro fibrillogenesis. Stability analyses demonstrate that collagen is firmly integrated, while the fibril diameters decrease with increasing sulfation degree. CS variants sulfation-dependently decelerate keratinocyte (HaCaT) migration and proliferation in a scratch assay. HaCaT cultured on sCS3-containing coatings produced increased amounts of solute active TGF-β1 which could be translated into biomaterials able to decrease epidermal hyperproliferation in chronic wounds. Overall, semi-synthetic and natural CS yield to comparable responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luisana Corsuto
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biotechnology, Second University of Naples, Italy
| | - Sandra Rother
- Technische Universitaet Dresden, Institute of Materials Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Linda Koehler
- Technische Universitaet Dresden, Institute of Materials Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Emiliano Bedini
- Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Complesso Universitario Monte S. Angelo, via Cintia 4, I-80126 Napoli, Italy
| | | | | | - Vera Hintze
- Technische Universitaet Dresden, Institute of Materials Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, D-01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Chiara Schiraldi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Biotechnology, Second University of Naples, Italy.
| | - Dieter Scharnweber
- Technische Universitaet Dresden, Institute of Materials Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, D-01069 Dresden, Germany.
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10
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Rother S, Galiazzo VD, Kilian D, Fiebig KM, Becher J, Moeller S, Hempel U, Schnabelrauch M, Waltenberger J, Scharnweber D, Hintze V. Hyaluronan/Collagen Hydrogels with Sulfated Hyaluronan for Improved Repair of Vascularized Tissue Tune the Binding of Proteins and Promote Endothelial Cell Growth. Macromol Biosci 2017; 17. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.201700154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Rother
- Institute of Materials Science; Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials; TU Dresden, Budapester Str. 27 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Vanessa D. Galiazzo
- Institute of Materials Science; Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials; TU Dresden, Budapester Str. 27 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - David Kilian
- Institute of Materials Science; Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials; TU Dresden, Budapester Str. 27 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Karen M. Fiebig
- Institute of Materials Science; Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials; TU Dresden, Budapester Str. 27 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Jana Becher
- Biomaterials Department; INNOVENT e.V.; Prüssingstr. 27B 07745 Jena Germany
| | - Stephanie Moeller
- Biomaterials Department; INNOVENT e.V.; Prüssingstr. 27B 07745 Jena Germany
| | - Ute Hempel
- Institute of Physiological Chemistry; Carl Gustav Carus Faculty of Medicine; TU Dresden; Fiedlerstraße 42 01307 Dresden Germany
| | | | - Johannes Waltenberger
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine; University of Münster; Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1 48149 Münster Germany
| | - Dieter Scharnweber
- Institute of Materials Science; Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials; TU Dresden, Budapester Str. 27 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Vera Hintze
- Institute of Materials Science; Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials; TU Dresden, Budapester Str. 27 01069 Dresden Germany
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11
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Evaluation of cell-surface interaction using a 3D spheroid cell culture model on artificial extracellular matrices. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 73:310-318. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.12.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2016] [Revised: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 12/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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12
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Collagen/glycosaminoglycan coatings enhance new bone formation in a critical size bone defect — A pilot study in rats. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2017; 71:84-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2016.09.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2016] [Revised: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 09/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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13
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Pagel M, Beck-Sickinger AG. Multifunctional biomaterial coatings: synthetic challenges and biological activity. Biol Chem 2017; 398:3-22. [DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2016-0204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2016] [Accepted: 07/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A controlled interaction of materials with their surrounding biological environment is of great interest in many fields. Multifunctional coatings aim to provide simultaneous modulation of several biological signals. They can consist of various combinations of bioactive, and bioinert components as well as of reporter molecules to improve cell-material contacts, prevent infections or to analyze biochemical events on the surface. However, specific immobilization and particular assembly of various active molecules are challenging. Herein, an overview of multifunctional coatings for biomaterials is given, focusing on synthetic strategies and the biological benefits by displaying several motifs.
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14
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Picke AK, Salbach-Hirsch J, Hintze V, Rother S, Rauner M, Kascholke C, Möller S, Bernhardt R, Rammelt S, Pisabarro MT, Ruiz-Gómez G, Schnabelrauch M, Schulz-Siegmund M, Hacker MC, Scharnweber D, Hofbauer C, Hofbauer LC. Sulfated hyaluronan improves bone regeneration of diabetic rats by binding sclerostin and enhancing osteoblast function. Biomaterials 2016; 96:11-23. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Revised: 04/18/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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15
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Rother S, Salbach-Hirsch J, Moeller S, Seemann T, Schnabelrauch M, Hofbauer LC, Hintze V, Scharnweber D. Bioinspired Collagen/Glycosaminoglycan-Based Cellular Microenvironments for Tuning Osteoclastogenesis. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:23787-23797. [PMID: 26452150 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b08419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Replicating the biocomplexity of native extracellular matrices (ECM) is critical for a deeper understanding of biochemical signals influencing bone homeostasis. This will foster the development of bioinspired biomaterials with adjustable bone-inducing properties. Collagen-based coatings containing single HA derivatives have previously been reported to promote osteogenic differentiation and modulate osteoclastogenesis and resorption depending on their sulfation degree. However, the potential impact of different GAG concentrations as well as the interplay of multiple GAGs in these coatings is not characterized in detail to date. These aspects were addressed in the current study by integrating HA and different sulfate-modified HA derivatives (sHA) during collagen in vitro fibrillogenesis. Besides cellular microenvironments with systematically altered single-GAG concentrations, matrices containing both low and high sHA (sHA1, sHA4) were characterized by biochemical analysis such as agarose gel electrophoresis, performed for the first time with sHA derivatives. The morphology and composition of the collagen coatings were altered in a GAG sulfation- and concentration-dependent manner. In multi-GAG microenvironments, atomic force microscopy revealed intermediate collagen fibril structures with thin fibrils and microfibrils. GAG sulfation altered the surface charge of the coatings as demonstrated by ζ-potential measurements revealed for the first time as well. This highlights the prospect of GAG-containing matrices to adjust defined surface charge properties. The sHA4- and the multi-GAG coatings alike significantly enhanced the viability of murine osteoclast-precursor-like RAW264.7 cells. Although in single-GAG matrices there was no dose-dependent effect on cell viability, osteoclastogenesis was significantly suppressed only on sHA4-coatings in a dose-dependent fashion. The multi-GAG coatings led to an antiosteoclastogenic effect in-between those with single-GAGs which cannot simply be attributed to the overall content of sulfate groups. These data suggest that the interplay of sGAGs influences bone cell behavior. Whether these findings translate into favorable biomaterial properties needs to be validated in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Rother
- Institute of Materials Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität Dresden , Budapester Straße 27, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Juliane Salbach-Hirsch
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Bone Diseases of Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden Medical Center , Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Stephanie Moeller
- Biomaterials Department, INNOVENT e.V. , Prüssingstraße 27 B, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | - Thomas Seemann
- Biomaterials Department, INNOVENT e.V. , Prüssingstraße 27 B, 07745 Jena, Germany
| | | | - Lorenz C Hofbauer
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Bone Diseases of Medicine III, Technische Universität Dresden Medical Center , Fetscherstraße 74, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Vera Hintze
- Institute of Materials Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität Dresden , Budapester Straße 27, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Dieter Scharnweber
- Institute of Materials Science, Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität Dresden , Budapester Straße 27, 01069 Dresden, Germany
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16
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Thrivikraman G, Lee PS, Hess R, Haenchen V, Basu B, Scharnweber D. Interplay of Substrate Conductivity, Cellular Microenvironment, and Pulsatile Electrical Stimulation toward Osteogenesis of Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Vitro. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:23015-23028. [PMID: 26418613 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b06390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The influences of physical stimuli such as surface elasticity, topography, and chemistry over mesenchymal stem cell proliferation and differentiation are well investigated. In this context, a fundamentally different approach was adopted, and we have demonstrated the interplay of inherent substrate conductivity, defined chemical composition of cellular microenvironment, and intermittent delivery of electric pulses to drive mesenchymal stem cell differentiation toward osteogenesis. For this, conducting polyaniline (PANI) substrates were coated with collagen type 1 (Coll) alone or in association with sulfated hyaluronan (sHya) to form artificial extracellular matrix (aECM), which mimics the native microenvironment of bone tissue. Further, bone marrow derived human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) were cultured on these moderately conductive (10(-4)-10(-3) S/cm) aECM coated PANI substrates and exposed intermittently to pulsed electric field (PEF) generated through transformer-like coupling (TLC) approach over 28 days. On the basis of critical analysis over an array of end points, it was inferred that Coll/sHya coated PANI (PANI/Coll/sHya) substrates had enhanced proliferative capacity of hMSCs up to 28 days in culture, even in the absence of PEF stimulation. On the contrary, the adopted PEF stimulation protocol (7 ms rectangular pulses, 3.6 mV/cm, 10 Hz) is shown to enhance osteogenic differentiation potential of hMSCs. Additionally, PEF stimulated hMSCs had also displayed different morphological characteristics as their nonstimulated counterparts. Concomitantly, earlier onset of ALP activity was also observed on PANI/Coll/sHya substrates and resulted in more calcium deposition. Moreover, real-time polymerase chain reaction results indicated higher mRNA levels of alkaline phosphatase and osteocalcin, whereas the expression of other osteogenic markers such as Runt-related transcription factor 2, Col1A, and osteopontin exhibited a dynamic pattern similar to control cells that are cultured in osteogenic medium. Taken together, our experimental results illustrate the interplay of multiple parameters such as substrate conductivity, electric field stimulation, and aECM coating on the modulation of hMSC proliferation and differentiation in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greeshma Thrivikraman
- Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität Dresden , Budapester Straße 27, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Centre for Nano Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Poh S Lee
- Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität Dresden , Budapester Straße 27, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Ricarda Hess
- Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität Dresden , Budapester Straße 27, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Vanessa Haenchen
- Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität Dresden , Budapester Straße 27, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Bikramjit Basu
- Laboratory for Biomaterials, Materials Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560012, India
| | - Dieter Scharnweber
- Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Technische Universität Dresden , Budapester Straße 27, 01069 Dresden, Germany
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17
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Scharnweber D, Hübner L, Rother S, Hempel U, Anderegg U, Samsonov SA, Pisabarro MT, Hofbauer L, Schnabelrauch M, Franz S, Simon J, Hintze V. Glycosaminoglycan derivatives: promising candidates for the design of functional biomaterials. JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE. MATERIALS IN MEDICINE 2015; 26:232. [PMID: 26358319 DOI: 10.1007/s10856-015-5563-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Numerous biological processes (tissue formation, remodelling and healing) are strongly influenced by the cellular microenvironment. Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) are important components of the native extracellular matrix (ECM) able to interact with biological mediator proteins. They can be chemically functionalized and thereby modified in their interaction profiles. Thus, they are promising candidates for functional biomaterials to control healing processes in particular in health-compromised patients. Biophysical studies show that the interaction profiles between mediator proteins and GAGs are strongly influenced by (i) sulphation degree, (ii) sulphation pattern, and (iii) composition and structure of the carbohydrate backbone. Hyaluronan derivatives demonstrate a higher binding strength in their interaction with biological mediators than chondroitin sulphate for a comparable sulphation degree. Furthermore sulphated GAG derivatives alter the interaction profile of mediator proteins with their cell receptors or solute native interaction partners. These results are in line with biological effects on cells relevant for wound healing processes. This is valid for solute GAGs as well as those incorporated in collagen-based artificial ECM (aECMs). Prominent effects are (i) anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory properties towards macrophages/dendritic cells, (ii) enhanced osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stromal cells, (iii) altered differentiation of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts, (iv) reduced osteoclast activity and (v) improved osseointegration of dental implants in minipigs. The findings of our consortium Transregio 67 contribute to an improved understanding of structure-function relationships of GAG derivatives in their interaction with mediator proteins and cells. This will enable the design of bioinspired, functional biomaterials to selectively control and promote bone and skin regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieter Scharnweber
- Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Institute of Materials Science, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
| | - Linda Hübner
- Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Institute of Materials Science, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Sandra Rother
- Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Institute of Materials Science, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ute Hempel
- Medical Department, Institute of Physiological Chemistry, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Ulf Anderegg
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | | | - Lorenz Hofbauer
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Bone Diseases, Department of Medicine III, TU Dresden Medical Center, Dresden, Germany
| | | | - Sandra Franz
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Jan Simon
- Department of Dermatology, Venerology and Allergology, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Vera Hintze
- Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Institute of Materials Science, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
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18
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Kalbitzer L, Franke K, Möller S, Schnabelrauch M, Pompe T. Glycosaminoglycan functionalization of mechanically and topologically defined collagen I matrices. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:8902-8910. [DOI: 10.1039/c5tb01737h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A sequential preparation approach provides the option to functionalize collagen I networks with glycosaminoglycans independently of network topology and mechanics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liv Kalbitzer
- Institute of Biochemistry
- Faculty of Biosciences
- Pharmacy and Psychology
- Universität Leipzig
- Leipzig 04103
| | - Katja Franke
- Institute of Biochemistry
- Faculty of Biosciences
- Pharmacy and Psychology
- Universität Leipzig
- Leipzig 04103
| | | | | | - Tilo Pompe
- Institute of Biochemistry
- Faculty of Biosciences
- Pharmacy and Psychology
- Universität Leipzig
- Leipzig 04103
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