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Wycisk V, Wagner MC, Urner LH. Trends in the Diversification of the Detergentome. Chempluschem 2024; 89:e202300386. [PMID: 37668309 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Detergents are amphiphilic molecules that serve as enabling steps for today's world applications. The increasing diversity of the detergentome is key to applications enabled by detergent science. Regardless of the application, the optimal design of detergents is determined empirically, which leads to failed preparations, and raising costs. To facilitate project planning, here we review synthesis strategies that drive the diversification of the detergentome. Synthesis strategies relevant for industrial and academic applications include linear, modular, combinatorial, bio-based, and metric-assisted detergent synthesis. Scopes and limitations of individual synthesis strategies in context with industrial product development and academic research are discussed. Furthermore, when designing detergents, the selection of molecular building blocks, i. e., head, linker, tail, is as important as the employed synthesis strategy. To facilitate the design of safe-to-use and tailor-made detergents, we provide an overview of established head, linker, and tail groups and highlight selected scopes and limitations for applications. It becomes apparent that most recent contributions to the increasing chemical diversity of detergent building blocks originate from the development of detergents for membrane protein studies. The overview of synthesis strategies and molecular blocks will bring us closer to the ability to predictably design and synthesize optimal detergents for challenging future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginia Wycisk
- TU Dortmund University, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Marc-Christian Wagner
- TU Dortmund University, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Leonhard H Urner
- TU Dortmund University, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Otto-Hahn-Str. 6, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
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2
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Romero JF, Herziger S, Cherri M, Dimde M, Achazi K, Mohammadifar E, Haag R. Dendritic Glycerol-Cholesterol Amphiphiles as Drug Delivery Systems: A Comparison between Monomeric and Polymeric Structures. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:2452. [PMID: 37896212 PMCID: PMC10610414 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15102452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The application of micelles as drug delivery systems has gained a great deal of attention as a means to overcome the current several drawbacks present in conventional cancer treatments. In this work, we highlight the comparison of polymeric and monomeric amphiphilic systems with a similar hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) in terms of their biocompatibility, aggregation behavior in aqueous solution, and potential in solubilizing hydrophobic compounds. The polymeric system consists of non-ionic polymeric amphiphiles synthesized via sequential RAFT polymerization of polyglycerol first-generation [G1] dendron methacrylate and cholesterol methacrylate to obtain poly(G1-polyglycerol dendron methacrylate)-block-poly(cholesterol methacrylate) (pG1MA-b-pCMA). The monomeric system is a polyglycerol second-generation [G2] dendron end-capped to a cholesterol unit. Both amphiphiles form spherical micellar aggregations in aqueous solution, with differences in size and the morphology in which hydrophobic molecules can be encapsulated. The polymeric and monomeric micelles showed a low critical micelle concentration (CMC) of 0.2 and 17 μg/mL, respectively. The results of our cytotoxicity assays showed that the polymeric system has significantly higher cell viability compared to that of the monomeric amphiphiles. The polymeric micelles were implemented as drug delivery systems by encapsulation of the hydrophobic small molecule doxorubicin, achieving a loading capacity of 4%. In summary, the results of this study reveal that using cholesterol as a building block for polymer synthesis is a promising method of preparation for efficient drug delivery systems while improving the cell viability of monomeric cholesterol.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Ehsan Mohammadifar
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany; (J.F.R.); (S.H.); (M.C.); (M.D.); (K.A.)
| | - Rainer Haag
- Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustr. 3, 14195 Berlin, Germany; (J.F.R.); (S.H.); (M.C.); (M.D.); (K.A.)
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3
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Kalinova R, Grancharov G, Doumanov J, Mladenova K, Petrova S, Dimitrov I. Green Synthesis and the Evaluation of a Functional Amphiphilic Block Copolymer as a Micellar Curcumin Delivery System. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10588. [PMID: 37445767 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymer micelles represent one of the most attractive drug delivery systems due to their design flexibility based on a variety of macromolecular synthetic methods. The environmentally safe chemistry in which the use or generation of hazardous materials is minimized has an increasing impact on polymer-based drug delivery nanosystems. In this work, a solvent-free green synthetic procedure was applied for the preparation of an amphiphilic diblock copolymer consisting of biodegradable hydrophobic poly(acetylene-functional carbonate) and biocompatible hydrophilic polyethylene glycol (PEG) blocks. The cyclic functional carbonate monomer 5-methyl-5-propargyloxycarbonyl-1,3-dioxane-2-one (MPC) was polymerized in bulk using methoxy PEG-5K as a macroinitiator by applying the metal-free organocatalyzed controlled ring-opening polymerization at a relatively low temperature of 60 °C. The functional amphiphilic block copolymer self-associated in aqueous media into stable micelles with an average diameter of 44 nm. The copolymer micelles were physico-chemically characterized and loaded with the plant-derived anticancer drug curcumin. Preliminary in vitro evaluations indicate that the functional copolymer micelles are non-toxic and promising candidates for further investigation as nanocarriers for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radostina Kalinova
- Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Akad. G. Bonchev St., bl. 103-A, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Georgy Grancharov
- Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Akad. G. Bonchev St., bl. 103-A, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Jordan Doumanov
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski", 8 Dragan Tzankov Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Kirilka Mladenova
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski", 8 Dragan Tzankov Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Svetla Petrova
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University "St. Kliment Ohridski", 8 Dragan Tzankov Blvd., 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Ivaylo Dimitrov
- Institute of Polymers, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, Akad. G. Bonchev St., bl. 103-A, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
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Kumar A, Krishna, Sharma A, Dhankhar J, Syeda S, Shrivastava A, Sharma SK. Self‐Assembly and Transport Behaviour of Non‐ionic Fluorinated and Alkylated Amphiphiles for Drug Delivery. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202203274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anoop Kumar
- Department of Chemistry University of Delhi Delhi 110007 India
| | - Krishna
- Department of Chemistry University of Delhi Delhi 110007 India
| | - Antara Sharma
- Department of Chemistry University of Delhi Delhi 110007 India
| | - Jyoti Dhankhar
- Department of Zoology University of Delhi Delhi 110007 India
| | - Saima Syeda
- Department of Zoology University of Delhi Delhi 110007 India
| | | | - Sunil K. Sharma
- Department of Chemistry University of Delhi Delhi 110007 India
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5
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Verma D, Rashmi, Achazi K, Singh A, Schade B, Haag R, Sharma SK. Synthesis of
d
‐
glucitol
based Gemini amphiphilic nanotransporters. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Diksha Verma
- Department of Chemistry University of Delhi Delhi India
| | - Rashmi
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie Freie Universität Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Katharina Achazi
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie Freie Universität Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Abhishek Singh
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie Freie Universität Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Boris Schade
- Forschungszentrum für Elektronenmikroskopie, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie and Core Facility BioSupraMol, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie Freie Universität Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Rainer Haag
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie Freie Universität Berlin Berlin Germany
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Parshad B, Prasad S, Bhatia S, Mittal A, Pan Y, Mishra PK, Sharma SK, Fruk L. Non-ionic small amphiphile based nanostructures for biomedical applications. RSC Adv 2020; 10:42098-42115. [PMID: 35516774 PMCID: PMC9058284 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra08092f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Self-assembly of non-ionic amphiphilic architectures into nanostructures with defined size, shape and morphology has garnered substantial momentum in the recent years due to their extensive applications in biomedicine. The manifestation of a wide range of morphologies such as micelles, vesicles, fibers, tubes, and toroids is thought to be related to the structure of amphiphilic architectures, in particular, the choice of the hydrophilic and hydrophobic parts. In this review, we look at different types of non-ionic small amphiphilic architectures and the factors that influence their self-assembly into various nanostructures in aqueous medium. In particular, we focus on the explored structural parameters that guide the formation of various nanostructures, and the ways these structures can be used in applications ranging from drug delivery to cell imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Badri Parshad
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge Cambridge CB3 0AS UK
| | - Suchita Prasad
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi Delhi 110 007 India
| | - Sumati Bhatia
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin Takustraße 3 14195 Berlin Germany
| | - Ayushi Mittal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi Delhi 110 007 India
| | - Yuanwei Pan
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin Takustraße 3 14195 Berlin Germany
| | | | - Sunil K Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi Delhi 110 007 India
| | - Ljiljana Fruk
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge Cambridge CB3 0AS UK
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Lachowicz D, Karabasz A, Bzowska M, Szuwarzyński M, Karewicz A, Nowakowska M. Blood-compatible, stable micelles of sodium alginate – Curcumin bioconjugate for anti-cancer applications. Eur Polym J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2019.01.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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8
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Kumar A, Tyagi S, Singh R, Tyagi YK. Synthesis, characterisation and self-assembly studies of dendron-based novel non-ionic amphiphiles. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj05143g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A novel series of dendron-based non-ionic amphiphiles that aggregate to form supramolecular structures have been designed and synthesized using biocompatible starting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwani Kumar
- University School of Basic and Applied Sciences
- Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University
- Dwarka
- India
| | - Shvetambri Tyagi
- Bhaskarcharya College of Applied Sciences
- University of Delhi
- Dwarka
- India
| | - Ram Singh
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Delhi Technological University
- Rohini
- India
| | - Yogesh K. Tyagi
- University School of Basic and Applied Sciences
- Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University
- Dwarka
- India
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9
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Parshad B, Yadav P, Kerkhoff Y, Mittal A, Achazi K, Haag R, Sharma SK. Dendrimer-based micelles as cyto-compatible nanocarriers. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj02612f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the present study is to compare the synthesized dendritic architectures in terms of self-assembly and transport potential for hydrophobic guest molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Badri Parshad
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Delhi
- Delhi 110 007
- India
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie
| | - Preeti Yadav
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Delhi
- Delhi 110 007
- India
| | - Yannic Kerkhoff
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie
- Freie Universität Berlin
- 14195 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Ayushi Mittal
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Delhi
- Delhi 110 007
- India
| | - Katharina Achazi
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie
- Freie Universität Berlin
- 14195 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Rainer Haag
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie
- Freie Universität Berlin
- 14195 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Sunil K. Sharma
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Delhi
- Delhi 110 007
- India
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