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Pang C, Wang H, Zhang F, Patel AK, Lee HP, Wooley KL. Glucose‐derived superabsorbent hydrogel materials based on mechanically‐interlocked slide‐ring and triblock copolymer topologies. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20220639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ching Pang
- Departments of Chemistry, Materials Science & Engineering, and Chemical Engineering, and Laboratory for Synthetic‐Biologic Interactions Texas A&M University College Station Texas USA
| | - Hai Wang
- Departments of Chemistry, Materials Science & Engineering, and Chemical Engineering, and Laboratory for Synthetic‐Biologic Interactions Texas A&M University College Station Texas USA
| | - Fuwu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry University of Miami Coral Gables Florida USA
| | - Ami K. Patel
- Departments of Chemistry, Materials Science & Engineering, and Chemical Engineering, and Laboratory for Synthetic‐Biologic Interactions Texas A&M University College Station Texas USA
| | - Hung Pang Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering Texas A&M University College Station Texas USA
| | - Karen L. Wooley
- Departments of Chemistry, Materials Science & Engineering, and Chemical Engineering, and Laboratory for Synthetic‐Biologic Interactions Texas A&M University College Station Texas USA
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2
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Mishra AK, Pandey M, Dewangan HK, Sl N, Sahoo PK. A Comprehensive Review on Liver Targeting: Emphasis on Nanotechnology- based Molecular Targets and Receptors Mediated Approaches. Curr Drug Targets 2022; 23:1381-1405. [PMID: 36065923 DOI: 10.2174/1389450123666220906091432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The pathogenesis of hepatic diseases involves several cells, which complicates the delivery of pharmaceutical agents. Many severe liver diseases affecting the worldwide population cannot be effectively treated. Major hindrances or challenges are natural physiological barriers and non-specific targeting of drugs administered, leading to inefficient treatment. Hence, there is an earnest need to look for novel therapeutic strategies to overcome these hindrances. A kind of literature has reported that drug safety and efficacy are incredibly raised when a drug is incorporated inside or attached to a polymeric material of either hydrophilic or lipophilic nature. This has driven the dynamic investigation for developing novel biodegradable materials, drug delivery carriers, target-specific drug delivery systems, and many other novel approaches. OBJECTIVE Present review is devoted to summarizing receptor-based liver cell targeting using different modified novel synthetic drug delivery carriers. It also highlights recent progress in drug targeting to diseased liver mediated by various receptors, including asialoglycoprotein, mannose and galactose receptor, Fc receptor, low-density lipoprotein, glycyrrhetinic, and bile acid receptor. The essential consideration is given to treating liver cancer targeting using nanoparticulate systems, proteins, viral and non-viral vectors, homing peptides and gene delivery. CONCLUSION Receptors based targeting approach is one such approach that was explored by researchers to develop novel formulations which can ensure site-specific drug delivery. Several receptors are on the surfaces of liver cells, which are highly overexpressed in various disease conditions. They all are helpful for the treatment of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwini Kumar Mishra
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Sector 3, MB Road Pushp Vihar, Delhi 110017, India
| | - Mukesh Pandey
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Sector 3, MB Road Pushp Vihar, Delhi 110017, India
| | - Hitesh Kumar Dewangan
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences (UIPS), Chandigarh University NH-05, Chandigarh Ludhiana Highway, Mohali Punjab, Pin: 160101, India
| | - Neha Sl
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Sector 3, MB Road Pushp Vihar, Delhi 110017, India
| | - Pravat Kumar Sahoo
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Delhi Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research, Sector 3, MB Road Pushp Vihar, Delhi 110017, India
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3
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Testa S, Haabeth OAW, Blake TR, Del Castillo TJ, Czerwinski DK, Rajapaksa R, Wender PA, Waymouth RM, Levy R. Fingolimod-Conjugated Charge-Altering Releasable Transporters Efficiently and Specifically Deliver mRNA to Lymphocytes In Vivo and In Vitro. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:2976-2988. [PMID: 35748182 PMCID: PMC10199726 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Charge-altering releasable transporters (CARTs) are a class of oligonucleotide delivery vehicles shown to be effective for delivery of messenger RNA (mRNA) both in vitro and in vivo. Here, we exploited the chemical versatility of the CART synthesis to generate CARTs containing the small-molecule drug fingolimod (FTY720) as a strategy to increase mRNA delivery and expression in lymphocytes through a specific ligand-receptor interaction. Fingolimod is an FDA-approved small-molecule drug that, upon in vivo phosphorylation, binds to the sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 (S1P1), which is highly expressed on lymphocytes. Compared to its non-fingolimod-conjugated analogue, the fingolimod-conjugated CART achieved superior transfection of activated human and murine T and B lymphocytes in vitro. The higher transfection of the fingolimod-conjugated CARTs was lost when cells were exposed to a free fingolimod before transfection. In vivo, the fingolimod-conjugated CART showed increased mRNA delivery to marginal zone B cells and NK cells in the spleen, relative to CARTs lacking fingolimod. Moreover, fingolimod-CART-mediated mRNA delivery induces peripheral blood T-cell depletion similar to free fingolimod. Thus, we show that functionalization of CARTs with a pharmacologically validated small molecule can increase transfection of a cellular population of interest while conferring some of the targeting properties of the conjugated small molecule to the CARTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Testa
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Ole A W Haabeth
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Timothy R Blake
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Trevor J Del Castillo
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Debra K Czerwinski
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Ranjani Rajapaksa
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Paul A Wender
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department of Chemical and Systems Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Robert M Waymouth
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Ronald Levy
- Stanford Cancer Institute, Division of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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4
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Shen Y, Yang X, Song Y, Tran DK, Wang H, Wilson J, Dong M, Vazquez M, Sun G, Wooley KL. Complexities of Regioselective Ring-Opening vs Transcarbonylation-Driven Structural Metamorphosis during Organocatalytic Polymerizations of Five-Membered Cyclic Carbonate Glucose Monomers. JACS AU 2022; 2:515-521. [PMID: 35253000 PMCID: PMC8889557 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.1c00545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Rigorous investigations of the organobase-catalyzed ring-opening polymerizations (ROPs) of a series of five-membered cyclic carbonate monomers derived from glucose revealed that competing transcarbonylation reactions scrambled the regiochemistries of the polycarbonate backbones. Regioirregular poly(2,3-α-d-glucose carbonate) backbone connectivities were afforded by 1,5,7-triazabicyclo[4.4.0]dec-5-ene (TBD)-catalyzed ROPs of three monomers having different cyclic acetal protecting groups through the 4- and 6-positions. Small molecule studies conducted upon isolated unimers and dimers indicated a preference for Cx-O2 vs Cx-O3 bond cleavage from tetrahedral intermediates along the pathways of addition-elimination mechanisms when the reactions were performed at room temperature. Furthermore, treatment of isolated 3-unimer or 2-unimer, having the carbonate linkage in the 3- or 2-position as obtained from either Cx-O2 or Cx-O3 bond cleavage, respectively, gave the same 74:26 (3-unimer:2-unimer) ratio, confirming the occurrence of transcarbonylation reactions with a preference for 3-unimer vs. 2-unimer formation in the presence of organobase catalyst at room temperature. In contrast, unimer preparation at -78 °C favored Cx-O3 bond cleavage to afford a majority of 2-unimer, presumably due to a lack of transcarbonylation side reactions. Computational studies supported the experimental findings, enhancing fundamental understanding of the regiochemistry resulting from the ring-opening and subsequent transcarbonylation reactions during ROP of glucose carbonates. These findings are expected to guide the development of advanced carbohydrate-derived polymer materials by an initial monomer design via side chain acetal protecting groups, with the ability to evolve the properties further through later-stage structural metamorphosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yidan Shen
- Department
of Materials Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, and Department of
Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Xin Yang
- Department
of Materials Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, and Department of
Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
- High
Performance
Research Computing − Laboratory for Molecular Simulation, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Yue Song
- Department
of Materials Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, and Department of
Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - David K. Tran
- Department
of Materials Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, and Department of
Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Hai Wang
- Department
of Materials Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, and Department of
Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Jaye Wilson
- Department
of Materials Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, and Department of
Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Mei Dong
- Department
of Materials Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, and Department of
Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Mariela Vazquez
- Department
of Materials Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, and Department of
Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Guorong Sun
- Department
of Materials Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, and Department of
Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Karen L. Wooley
- Department
of Materials Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, and Department of
Chemical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
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5
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Yu W, Maynard E, Chiaradia V, Arno MC, Dove AP. Aliphatic Polycarbonates from Cyclic Carbonate Monomers and Their Application as Biomaterials. Chem Rev 2021; 121:10865-10907. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yu
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT U.K
| | - Edward Maynard
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT U.K
| | - Viviane Chiaradia
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT U.K
| | - Maria C. Arno
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT U.K
- Institute of Cancer and Genomic Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT U.K
| | - Andrew P. Dove
- School of Chemistry, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, B15 2TT U.K
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6
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Liu X, Guo Z, Ge T, Hu J, Wang J, Yang L. Self-assembly and in vitro drug release behaviors of amphiphilic copolymers based on functionalized aliphatic liquid crystalline polycarbonate with pH/temperature dual response. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.113837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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7
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Dong Y, Zhou J, Wang C, Wang Y, Deng L, Zhang J, Dong A. Comb‐Like Amphiphilic Polycarbonates with Different Lengths of Cationic Branches for Enhanced siRNA Delivery. Macromol Biosci 2020; 20:e2000143. [DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202000143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanliang Dong
- Department of Polymer Science and TechnologyKey Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of the Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Junhui Zhou
- Liming Research & Design Institute of Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. No 69, Wangcheng Road Luoyang Henan Province China
| | - Changrong Wang
- Department of Polymer Science and TechnologyKey Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of the Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Yaping Wang
- Department of Polymer Science and TechnologyKey Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of the Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Liandong Deng
- Department of Polymer Science and TechnologyKey Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of the Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Polymer Science and TechnologyKey Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of the Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Anjie Dong
- Department of Polymer Science and TechnologyKey Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of the Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemical Engineering and TechnologyTianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Tianjin 300072 China
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8
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Chen CK, Huang PK, Law WC, Chu CH, Chen NT, Lo LW. Biodegradable Polymers for Gene-Delivery Applications. Int J Nanomedicine 2020; 15:2131-2150. [PMID: 32280211 PMCID: PMC7125329 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s222419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Gene-based therapies have emerged as a new modality for combating a myriad of currently incurable diseases. However, the fragile nature of gene therapeutics has significantly hampered their biomedical applications. Correspondingly, the development of gene-delivery vectors is of critical importance for gene-based therapies. To date, a variety of gene-delivery vectors have been created and utilized for gene delivery. In general, they can be categorized into viral- and non-viral vectors. Due to safety issues associated with viral vectors, non-viral vectors have recently attracted much more research focus. Of these non-viral vectors, polymeric vectors, which have been preferred due to their low immunogenicity, ease of production, controlled chemical composition and high chemical versatility, have constituted an ideal alternative to viral vectors. In particular, biodegradable polymers, which possess advantageous biocompatibility and biosafety, have been considered to have great potential in clinical applications. In this context, the aim of this review is to introduce the recent development and progress of biodegradable polymers for gene delivery applications, especially for their chemical structure design, gene delivery capacity and additional biological functions. Accordingly, we first define and categorize biodegradable polymers, followed by describing their corresponding degradation mechanisms. Various types of biodegradable polymers resulting from natural and synthetic polymers will be introduced and their applications in gene delivery will be examined. Finally, a future perspective regarding the development of biodegradable polymer vectors will be given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Kuang Chen
- Department of Materials and Optoelectronic Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung80424, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Kuan Huang
- Department of Fiber and Composite Materials, Feng Chia University, Taichung40724, Taiwan
| | - Wing-Cheung Law
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong SAR, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chia-Hui Chu
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan35053, Taiwan
| | - Nai-Tzu Chen
- Institute of New Drug Development, China Medical University, Taichung40402, Taiwan
| | - Leu-Wei Lo
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Nanomedicine, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan35053, Taiwan
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9
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10
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Zhao CM, Wang KR, Wang C, He X, Li XL. Cooling-Induced NIR Emission Enhancement and Targeting Fluorescence Imaging of Biperylene Monoimide and Glycodendrimer Conjugates. ACS Macro Lett 2019; 8:381-386. [PMID: 35651141 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.9b00095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Under high concentrations, strong pressure, and low temperature, fluorophores usually exhibit the fluorescence quenching phenomenon. Of significance, the development of aggregation-induced emission (AIE) and pressure-induced emission (PIE) fluorophores has perfectly prevented fluorescence quenching under high concentrations and strong pressure. However, cooling-induced fluorescence quenching in water is still an urgent problem. In this paper, cooling-induced emission (CIE) enhancement based on a biperylene monoimide (BPMI) derivative, BPMI-18Lac, with a conjugated lactose-based glycodendrimer was developed. BPMI-18Lac, as a non-AIE molecule, exhibited the CIE phenomenon with a fluorescent intensity increasing 7-fold when the temperature decreased from 80 to -40 °C. The mechanism was due to the inhibition of the intramolecular electron interactions between the perylene monoimide moieties linked by the C-C single bond. In addition, BPMI-18Lac, as a multivalent glycodendrimer, showed selective fluorescence imaging for HepG 2 cells through the ASGP receptor on the cell surface. Importantly, this work developed a water-soluble CIE molecule for potential application below freezing temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chun-Miao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Ke-Rang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Chong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Xu He
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Xiao-Liu Li
- Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry and Molecular Diagnosis of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology of Hebei Province, College of Chemistry and Environmental Science, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
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11
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Dai Y, Zhang X. Cationic polycarbonates via ring-opening polymerization: design, synthesis, and applications. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py01365a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The synthetic methods and applications of cationic polycarbonates via ring-opening polymerization are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Dai
- Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry
- China University of Geosciences
- Wuhan 430074
- China
| | - Xiaojin Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry
- China University of Geosciences
- Wuhan 430074
- China
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12
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Becker G, Wurm FR. Functional biodegradable polymers via ring-opening polymerization of monomers without protective groups. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:7739-7782. [PMID: 30221267 DOI: 10.1039/c8cs00531a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Biodegradable polymers are of current interest and chemical functionality in such materials is often demanded in advanced biomedical applications. Functional groups often are not tolerated in the polymerization process of ring-opening polymerization (ROP) and therefore protective groups need to be applied. Advantageously, several orthogonally reactive functions are available, which do not demand protection during ROP. We give an insight into available, orthogonally reactive cyclic monomers and the corresponding functional synthetic and biodegradable polymers, obtained from ROP. Functionalities in the monomer are reviewed, which are tolerated by ROP without further protection and allow further post-modification of the corresponding chemically functional polymers after polymerization. Synthetic concepts to these monomers are summarized in detail, preferably using precursor molecules. Post-modification strategies for the reported functionalities are presented and selected applications highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greta Becker
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
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13
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Jung S, Lodge TP, Reineke TM. Structures and Protonation States of Hydrophilic–Cationic Diblock Copolymers and Their Binding with Plasmid DNA. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:2449-2461. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b07902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Seyoung Jung
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota—Twin Cities, 421 Washington Avenue SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Timothy P. Lodge
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota—Twin Cities, 421 Washington Avenue SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota—Twin Cities, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Theresa M. Reineke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota—Twin Cities, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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14
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Lai WF, Rogach AL, Wong WT. Molecular design of upconversion nanoparticles for gene delivery. Chem Sci 2017; 8:7339-7358. [PMID: 29163885 PMCID: PMC5672820 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc02956j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 08/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to their large anti-Stokes shifts, sharp emission spectra and long excited-state lifetimes, upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) have attracted an increasing amount of research interests, and have shown great potential for enhancing the practical utility of gene therapy, whose versatility has been limited by existing gene delivery technologies that are basically mono-functional in nature. Despite this, up to now in-depth analysis of the development of UCNPs for gene delivery has been scant in the literature, even though there has been an upsurge of reviews on the chemistry of UCNPs and their applications in bioimaging and drug delivery. To fill this gap, this review aims to present the latest advances in the development and applications of UCNPs as gene carriers. Prior to describing the prominent works published in the field, a critical view on the properties, chemistry and molecular design of UCNPs for gene delivery is provided. With a synopsis of the recent advances in UCNP-mediated gene delivery, challenges and opportunities could be illuminated for clinical translation of works in this nascent field of research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wing-Fu Lai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Health Science Centre , Shenzhen University , Shenzhen , China
- Department of Applied Biology & Chemical Technology , The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong . ;
| | - Andrey L Rogach
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering & Centre for Functional Photonics (CFP) , City University of Hong Kong , Hong Kong
| | - Wing-Tak Wong
- Department of Applied Biology & Chemical Technology , The Hong Kong Polytechnic University , Hong Kong . ;
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15
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Lonnecker AT, Lim YH, Wooley KL. Functional Polycarbonate of a d-Glucal-Derived Bicyclic Carbonate via Organocatalytic Ring-Opening Polymerization. ACS Macro Lett 2017; 6:748-753. [PMID: 35650856 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.7b00362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we demonstrate the synthesis of a bicyclic carbonate monomer of a d-glucal derivative, which originated from the natural product d-glucose, in an efficient three-step procedure and its ring-opening polymerization (ROP), initiated by 4-methylbenzyl alcohol, via organocatalysis. The ROP behavior was studied as a function of time, catalyst type, and catalyst concentration by using size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Using a cocatalyst system of 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene and 1-(3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl)-3-cyclohexyl-2-thiourea (5 mol %) afforded poly(d-glucal-carbonate) (PGCC) with almost complete monomer conversion (ca. 99%) within 1 min, as analyzed by 1H NMR spectroscopy, and a monomodal SEC trace with dispersity of 1.13. The resulting PGCCs exhibited amorphous characteristics with a relatively high glass transition temperature at ca. 69 °C and onset decomposition temperature at ca. 190 °C, as analyzed by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis, respectively. This new type of potentially degradable polymer system represents a reactive functional polymer architecture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander T. Lonnecker
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science and Engineering, and Laboratory for Synthetic−Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Young H. Lim
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science and Engineering, and Laboratory for Synthetic−Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Karen L. Wooley
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science and Engineering, and Laboratory for Synthetic−Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
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16
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Cathelicidin-trypsin inhibitor loop conjugate represents a promising antibiotic candidate with protease stability. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2600. [PMID: 28572668 PMCID: PMC5453931 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02050-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cathelicidins are regarded as promising antibiotics due to their capability against antibiotic-resistant bacteria without cytotoxicity. However, some concerns about the balance of cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity, weak stability and enzymatic susceptibility sually restrict their therapeutic use. Here, we designed a series of shortened variants, Hc1~15, based on our previously characterized Hc-CATH. Hc3, the one with the best activity, after point mutation was engineered with a trypsin inhibitor loop, ORB-C, to obtain four hybrid peptides: H3TI, TIH3, H3TIF and TIH3F. All four except TIH3 were found possessing an appreciable profile of proteases inhibitory and antimicrobial characteristics without increase in cytotoxicity. Among them, TIH3F exhibited the most potent and broad-spectrum antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities. Fluorescence spectroscopy has demonstrated a quick induction of bacterial membrane permeability by TIH3F leading to the cell death, which also accounts for its fast anti-biofilm activity. Such mode of antimicrobial action was mainly attributed to peptides’ amphiphilic and helical structures determined by CD and homology modeling. Besides, TIH3F exhibited good tolerance to salt, serum, pH, and temperature, indicating a much better physiological stability in vitro than Hc3, Most importantly, in the case of resistance against proteases hydrolysis, current hybrid peptides displayed a remarkable enhancement than their original templates.
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Ong ZY, Yang C, Cheng W, Voo ZX, Chin W, Hedrick JL, Yang YY. Biodegradable cationic poly(carbonates): Effect of varying side chain hydrophobicity on key aspects of gene transfection. Acta Biomater 2017; 54:201-211. [PMID: 28323177 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2017.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 03/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The degree of hydrophobicity in cationic polymers plays an important but often underappreciated role in the safety and efficacy of gene delivery processes. In order to further elucidate structure-activity relationships of biodegradable cationic poly(carbonate) gene carriers, we synthesized a series of narrowly dispersed homo-polymers via metal-free organocatalytic living ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of cyclic carbonate monomers bearing either alkyl (propyl, hexyl or nonyl) or 4-methyl benzyl halide side chains. The polymers were then quaternized using bis-tertiary amines to install both quaternary ammoniums and tertiary amines for DNA binding and endosomal escape, respectively. Among the polymers with similar molecular lengths and charge densities, it was found that an increase in side chain alkyl spacer length from 3 to 6 carbons significantly enhanced cellular uptake and luciferase gene expression in HepG2 and HeLa cell lines without causing overt hemolysis and cytotoxicity. A further increase of side chain alkyl length to 9 carbons, however, led to a drastic decline in gene expression due to increased cellular toxicity, which was correlated with an increased disruption and lysis of red blood cell membranes. Interestingly, the incorporation of an aromatic 4-methyl benzyl spacer increased DNA binding strength, reduced particle sizes of resultant DNA complexes, and enhanced cellular uptake, leading to improved luciferase gene expression, albeit with higher levels of hemolysis and cytotoxicity. Taken together, the findings of this study demonstrate that a delicate balance between cationic charge density and hydrophobicity could be achieved by utilizing a hexyl spacer in the side chains of cationic poly(carbonates), hence providing insights on the future development of non-viral cationic polymeric gene delivery systems. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Owing to their ease of synthesis and well-controlled polymerization, biodegradable cationic poly(carbonates) have emerged as a highly promising class of biomaterials for gene delivery. The hydrophobicity of side chains in cationic polymers plays an important but often underappreciated role in influencing key aspects of gene transfection. In our efforts to improve gene transfection and understand structure-activity relationships, we synthesized a series of cationic polymers bearing a common poly(carbonate) backbone, and with side chains containing various hydrophobic spacers (propyl, hexyl, 4-methyl benzyl or nonyl) before the cationic moiety. A moderate degree of hydrophobicity was optimal as the cationic poly(carbonate) with hexyl side chains mediated high gene transfection efficiencies while causing low cytotoxicities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Yuin Ong
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, 31 Biopolis Way, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - Chuan Yang
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, 31 Biopolis Way, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - Wei Cheng
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, 31 Biopolis Way, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - Zhi Xiang Voo
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, 31 Biopolis Way, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - Willy Chin
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, 31 Biopolis Way, Singapore 138669, Singapore
| | - James L Hedrick
- IBM Almaden Research Center, 650 Harry Road, San Jose, CA 95120, USA.
| | - Yi Yan Yang
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, 31 Biopolis Way, Singapore 138669, Singapore.
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Evaluation of Maltose-Based Cationic Liposomes with Different Hydrophobic Tails for Plasmid DNA Delivery. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22030406. [PMID: 28287501 PMCID: PMC6155304 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22030406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2017] [Revised: 02/24/2017] [Accepted: 02/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In this paper, three cationic glycolipids with different hydrophobic chains Malt-DiC12MA (IX a), Malt-DiC14MA (IX b) and Malt-DiC16MA (IX c) were constructed by using maltose as starting material via peracetylation, selective 1-O-deacetylation, trichloroacetimidation, glycosylation, azidation, deacetylation, Staudinger reaction, tertiary amination and quaternization. Target compounds and some intermediates were characterized by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, 1H-1H COSY and 1H-13C HSQC. The results of gel electrophoresis assay, atomic force microscopy images (AFM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) demonstrate that all the liposomes could efficiently bind and compact DNA (N/P ratio less than 2) into nanoparticles with proper size (88 nm–146 nm, PDI < 0.4) and zeta potential (+15 mV–+26 mV). The transfection efficiency and cellular uptake of glycolipids in HEK293 cell were evaluated through the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) expression and Cy3-labeled pEGFP-C1 (Enhanced Green Fluorescent Protein plasmid) images, respectively. Importantly, it indicated that Malt-DiC14MA exhibited high gene transfer efficiency and better uptake capability at N/P ratios of 8:1. Additionally, the result of cell viability showed glycolipids exhibited low biotoxicity and good biocompatibility by thiazolyl blue tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay.
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Lonnecker AT, Lim YH, Felder SE, Besset CJ, Wooley KL. Four Different Regioisomeric Polycarbonates Derived from One Natural Product, d-Glucose. Macromolecules 2016. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.6b00591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander T. Lonnecker
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, and Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Young H. Lim
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, and Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Simcha E. Felder
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, and Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Céline J. Besset
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, and Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
| | - Karen L. Wooley
- Departments of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering, and Materials Science & Engineering, and Laboratory for Synthetic-Biologic Interactions, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77842, United States
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20
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Teo PY, Cheng W, Hedrick JL, Yang YY. Co-delivery of drugs and plasmid DNA for cancer therapy. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2016; 98:41-63. [PMID: 26529199 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2015.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 157] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Revised: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 10/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancer is an extremely complex disease involving multiple signaling pathways that enable tumor cells to evade programmed cell death, thus making cancer treatment extremely challenging. The use of combination therapy involving both gene therapy and chemotherapy has resulted in enhanced anti-cancer effects and has become an increasingly important strategy in medicine. This review will cover important design parameters that are incorporated into delivery systems for the co-administration of drug and plasmid-based nucleic acids (pDNA and shRNA), with particular emphasis on polymers as delivery materials. The unique challenges faced by co-delivery systems and the strategies to overcome such barriers will be discussed. In addition, the advantages and disadvantages of combination therapy using separate carrier systems versus the use of a single carrier will be evaluated. Finally, future perspectives in the design of novel platforms for the combined delivery of drugs and genes will be presented.
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21
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Fukushima K. Poly(trimethylene carbonate)-based polymers engineered for biodegradable functional biomaterials. Biomater Sci 2016; 4:9-24. [DOI: 10.1039/c5bm00123d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This review presents recent examples of applications and functionalization strategies of poly(trimethylene carbonate), its copolymers, and its derivatives to exploit the unique physicochemical properties of the aliphatic polycarbonate backbone.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Fukushima
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering
- Yamagata University
- Yamagata 992-8510
- Japan
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22
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Ong ZY, Coady DJ, Tan JPK, Li Y, Chan JMW, Yang YY, Hedrick JL. Design and synthesis of biodegradable grafted cationic polycarbonates as broad spectrum antimicrobial agents. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/pola.27987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhan Yuin Ong
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology; 31 Biopolis Way Singapore 138669 Singapore
| | - Daniel J. Coady
- IBM Almaden Research Center; 650 Harry Road San Jose California 95120
| | - Jeremy P. K. Tan
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology; 31 Biopolis Way Singapore 138669 Singapore
| | - Yan Li
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology; 31 Biopolis Way Singapore 138669 Singapore
| | - Julian M. W. Chan
- IBM Almaden Research Center; 650 Harry Road San Jose California 95120
| | - Yi Yan Yang
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology; 31 Biopolis Way Singapore 138669 Singapore
| | - James L. Hedrick
- IBM Almaden Research Center; 650 Harry Road San Jose California 95120
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García-Gallego S, Nyström AM, Malkoch M. Chemistry of multifunctional polymers based on bis-MPA and their cutting-edge applications. Prog Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2015.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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24
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Asialoglycoprotein receptor mediated hepatocyte targeting — Strategies and applications. J Control Release 2015; 203:126-39. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2015.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 286] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2014] [Revised: 02/14/2015] [Accepted: 02/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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25
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Mono- and bifunctional six-membered cyclic carbonates synthesized by diphenyl carbonate toward networked polycarbonate films. J Appl Polym Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1002/app.41956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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26
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Chen W, Meng F, Cheng R, Deng C, Feijen J, Zhong Z. Advanced drug and gene delivery systems based on functional biodegradable polycarbonates and copolymers. J Control Release 2014; 190:398-414. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2014.05.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2014] [Revised: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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27
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Rohilla R, Garg T, Goyal AK, Rath G. Herbal and polymeric approaches for liver-targeting drug delivery: novel strategies and their significance. Drug Deliv 2014; 23:1645-61. [DOI: 10.3109/10717544.2014.945018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
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