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Wagner M, Strassert CA, Gröhn F. Hierarchical electrostatic nanotemplating and self-assembly of electron-transferring hybrid nanostructures: CdS-polymer-porphyrin particles. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:13040-13045. [PMID: 35912789 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr02132c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate a versatile route to functional multi-component nanostructures by a hierarchical electrostatic nanotemplating - self-assembly approach: CdS-polyelectrolyte-porphyrin structures are formed in aqueous solution. The system was investigated with regard to its photocatalytic activity in different model reactions, and the mechanisms upon excitation were elucidated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Wagner
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials and Bavarian Polymer Institute, Friedrich-Alexander - Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Cristian A Strassert
- Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie, Cells in Motion Interfaculty Centre, Center for Soft Nanoscience, Center for Nanotechnology - Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Heisenbergstraße 11, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Franziska Gröhn
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials and Bavarian Polymer Institute, Friedrich-Alexander - Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany.
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Krieger A, Zika A, Gröhn F. Functional Nano-Objects by Electrostatic Self-Assembly: Structure, Switching, and Photocatalysis. Front Chem 2022; 9:779360. [PMID: 35359487 PMCID: PMC8961288 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.779360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The design of functional nano-objects by electrostatic self-assembly in solution signifies an emerging field with great potential. More specifically, the targeted combination of electrostatic interaction with other effects and interactions, such as the positioning of charges on stiff building blocks, the use of additional amphiphilic, π−π stacking building blocks, or polyelectrolytes with certain architectures, have recently promulgated electrostatic self-assembly to a principle for versatile defined structure formation. A large variety of architectures from spheres over rods and hollow spheres to networks in the size range of a few tenths to a few hundred nanometers can be formed. This review discusses the state-of-the-art of different approaches of nano-object formation by electrostatic self-assembly against the backdrop of corresponding solid materials and assemblies formed by other non-covalent interactions. In this regard, particularly promising is the facile formation of triggerable structures, i.e. size and shape switching through light, as well as the use of electrostatically assembled nano-objects for improved photocatalysis and the possible solar energy conversion in the future. Lately, this new field is eliciting an increasing amount of understanding; insights and limitations thereof are addressed in this article. Special emphasis is placed on the interconnection of molecular building block structures and the resulting nanoscale architecture via the key of thermodynamics.
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Zika A, Gröhn F. Multiswitchable photoacid-hydroxyflavylium-polyelectrolyte nano-assemblies. Beilstein J Org Chem 2021; 17:166-185. [PMID: 33564327 PMCID: PMC7849232 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.17.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Accepted: 12/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Light- and pH-responsive nano-assemblies with switchable size and structure are formed by the association of a photoacid, anthocyanidin, and a linear polyelectrolyte in aqueous solution. Specifically, anionic disulfonated naphthol derivatives, neutral hydroxyflavylium, and cationic poly(allylamine) are used as building blocks for the ternary electrostatic self-assembly, forming well-defined supramolecular assemblies with tunable sizes of 50 to 500 nm. Due to the network of possible chemical reactions for the anthocyanidin and the excited-state dissociation of the photoacid upon irradiation, different ways to alter the ternary system through external triggering are accessible. The structure and trigger effects can be controlled through the component ratios of the samples. Dynamic and static light scattering (DLS, SLS) and ζ-potential measurements were applied to study the size and the stability of the particles, and information on the molecular structure was gained by UV-vis spectroscopy. Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) provided information on the thermodynamics and interaction forces in the supramolecular assembly formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Zika
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) and Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Franziska Gröhn
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) and Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
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Bhattacharyya A, De Sarkar S, Das A. Supramolecular Engineering and Self-Assembly Strategies in Photoredox Catalysis. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c04952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayan Bhattacharyya
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Suman De Sarkar
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal 741246. India
| | - Anindita Das
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
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Wang X, Shi Z, Chen H, Huang F. Nanoscale integration of porphyrin in GroEL protein cage: Photophysical and photochemical investigation. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 240:118596. [PMID: 32599481 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we introduce a new type of functional, supramolecular porphyrin conjugate created using the bacterial GroEL protein cage based on non-specific hydrophobic interaction. The synthesis, structure and property of the porphyrin conjugate were characterized by dynamic light scattering, UV-vis spectroscopy and fluorescence spectroscopy. We observed that the model zinc-tetraphenylporphyrin (Zn-TPP) with high hydrophobicity can be well-dispersed in aqueous solutions with the aid of GroEL open chamber, which is known to be a favorable nanocompartment for aggregation-prone molecules. The maximal encapsulation efficiency of Zn-TPP in GroEL was determined to be ~98%. It is further seen that the constructed double Zn-TPP-GroEL complex exhibited good photocatalytic activity in the model reactions of the production of singlet oxygen and the reduction of methyl viologen under illumination with visible light. Moreover, we found that GroEL can significantly improve the photostability of Zn-TPP molecules as a result of nanoscale assembly within its hydrophobic chamber. Hence enhanced water solubility and photostability of Zn-TPP, which are considered as the first two hurdles for the wide usage of porphyrins, were achieved simultaneously by the development of GroEL cage as a building block. Supramolecular nanostructures formed from porphyrins (or related molecules) and GroEL for photocatalysis would greatly simplify applications of such structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), 66 West Changjiang Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, PR China.
| | - Zhuang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), 66 West Changjiang Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, PR China
| | - Han Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), 66 West Changjiang Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, PR China
| | - Fang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing, College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), 66 West Changjiang Road, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, PR China.
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Xiu Y, Zhang X, Feng Y, Wei R, Wang S, Xia Y, Cao M, Wang S. Peptide-mediated porphyrin based hierarchical complexes for light-to-chemical conversion. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:15201-15208. [PMID: 32638799 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr03124k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We present a new strategy for the biomimetic preparation of integrated photoactive complexes consisting of light harvesting and electron separation/transfer components via the hierarchical assembly of porphyrin and platinum nanoparticles on the surface of short-peptide self-assembled structures. The complexes can catalyze the conversion of visible light energy into chemical energy in the absence of an electron mediator and store it as nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH). This provides a promising step towards artificial photosystems through precisely controlled interactions of light-capturing agents, electron separators and biomolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xiu
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China.
| | - Xiao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China.
| | - Yifan Feng
- College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Rupu Wei
- College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Sidi Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China
| | - Yongqing Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China.
| | - Meiwen Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China.
| | - Shengjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil Processing and Center for Bioengineering and Biotechnology, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao 266580, China.
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Tian J, Zhang W. Synthesis, self-assembly and applications of functional polymers based on porphyrins. Prog Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2019.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Ji X, Wang J, Kang Y, Mei L, Su Z, Wang S, Ma G, Shi J, Zhang S. Enhanced Solar Energy Harvest and Electron Transfer through Intra- and Intermolecular Dual Channels in Chlorosome-Mimicking Supramolecular Self-Assemblies. ACS Catal 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.8b03105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyuan Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People’s Republic of China
- Center for Nanomedicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Jie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yong Kang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lin Mei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiguo Su
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shaomin Wang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guanghui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinjun Shi
- Center for Nanomedicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Songping Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic of China
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Jayachandran P, Angamuthu A, Gopalan P. Quantum Chemical Study on the Structure and Energetics of Binary Ionic Porphyrin Complexes. J CHIN CHEM SOC-TAIP 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/jccs.201700383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Abiram Angamuthu
- Department of Physics; Karunya Institute of Technology and Sciences; Coimbatore 641114 India
| | - Praveena Gopalan
- Department of Physics; PSGR Krishnammal College for Women; Coimbatore 641004 India
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