1
|
Bendrea AD, Cianga L, Ailiesei GL, Göen Colak D, Popescu I, Cianga I. Thiophene α-Chain-End-Functionalized Oligo(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) as Precursor Amphiphilic Macromonomer for Grafted Conjugated Oligomers/Polymers and as a Multifunctional Material with Relevant Properties for Biomedical Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147495. [PMID: 35886844 PMCID: PMC9317439 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Because the combination of π-conjugated polymers with biocompatible synthetic counterparts leads to the development of bio-relevant functional materials, this paper reports a new oligo(2-methyl-2-oxazoline) (OMeOx)-containing thiophene macromonomer, denoted Th-OMeOx. It can be used as a reactive precursor for synthesis of a polymerizable 2,2’-3-OMeOx-substituted bithiophene by Suzuki coupling. Also a grafted polythiophene amphiphile with OMeOx side chains was synthesized by its self-acid-assisted polymerization (SAAP) in bulk. The results showed that Th-OMeOx is not only a reactive intermediate but also a versatile functional material in itself. This is due to the presence of 2-bromo-substituted thiophene and ω-hydroxyl functional end-groups, and due to the multiple functionalities encoded in its structure (photosensitivity, water self-dispersibility, self-assembling capacity). Thus, analysis of its behavior in solvents of different selectivities revealed that Th-OMeOx forms self-assembled structures (micelles or vesicles) by “direct dissolution”.Unexpectedly, by exciting the Th-OMeOx micelles formed in water with λabs of the OMeOx repeating units, the intensity of fluorescence emission varied in a concentration-dependent manner.These self-assembled structures showed excitation-dependent luminescence as well. Attributed to the clusteroluminescence phenomenon due to the aggregation and through space interactions of electron-rich groups in non-conjugated, non-aromatic OMeOx, this behavior certifies that polypeptides mimic the character of Th-OMeOx as a non-conventional intrinsic luminescent material.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anca-Dana Bendrea
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, “PetruPoni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41 A, Grigore-GhicaVoda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Luminita Cianga
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, “PetruPoni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41 A, Grigore-GhicaVoda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania;
- Correspondence: (L.C.); (I.C.)
| | - Gabriela-Liliana Ailiesei
- NMR Spectroscopy Department, “PetruPoni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41 A, Grigore-GhicaVoda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Demet Göen Colak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Letters, Istanbul Technical University, Maslak, 34469 Istanbul, Turkey;
| | - Irina Popescu
- Department of Natural Polymers, Bioactive and Biocompatible Materials, “PetruPoni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41 A, Grigore-GhicaVoda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Ioan Cianga
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, “PetruPoni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41 A, Grigore-GhicaVoda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania;
- Correspondence: (L.C.); (I.C.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
|
3
|
Mousa A, Bliman D, Hiram Betancourt L, Hellman K, Ekström P, Savvakis M, Strakosas X, Marko-Varga G, Berggren M, Hjort M, Ek F, Olsson R. Method Matters: Exploring Alkoxysulfonate-Functionalized Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) and Its Unintentional Self-Aggregating Copolymer toward Injectable Bioelectronics. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2022; 34:2752-2763. [PMID: 35360437 PMCID: PMC8944941 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.1c04342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Injectable bioelectronics could become an alternative or a complement to traditional drug treatments. To this end, a new self-doped p-type conducting PEDOT-S copolymer (A5) was synthesized. This copolymer formed highly water-dispersed nanoparticles and aggregated into a mixed ion-electron conducting hydrogel when injected into a tissue model. First, we synthetically repeated most of the published methods for PEDOT-S at the lab scale. Surprisingly, analysis using high-resolution matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-mass spectroscopy showed that almost all the methods generated PEDOT-S derivatives with the same polymer lengths (i.e., oligomers, seven to eight monomers in average); thus, the polymer length cannot account for the differences in the conductivities reported earlier. The main difference, however, was that some methods generated an unintentional copolymer P(EDOT-S/EDOT-OH) that is more prone to aggregate and display higher conductivities in general than the PEDOT-S homopolymer. Based on this, we synthesized the PEDOT-S derivative A5, that displayed the highest film conductivity (33 S cm-1) among all PEDOT-S derivatives synthesized. Injecting A5 nanoparticles into the agarose gel cast with a physiological buffer generated a stable and highly conductive hydrogel (1-5 S cm-1), where no conductive structures were seen in agarose with the other PEDOT-S derivatives. Furthermore, the ion-treated A5 hydrogel remained stable and maintained initial conductivities for 7 months (the longest period tested) in pure water, and A5 mixed with Fe3O4 nanoparticles generated a magnetoconductive relay device in water. Thus, we have successfully synthesized a water-processable, syringe-injectable, and self-doped PEDOT-S polymer capable of forming a conductive hydrogel in tissue mimics, thereby paving a way for future applications within in vivo electronics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abdelrazek
H. Mousa
- Department
of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University
of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Chemical
Biology & Therapeutics, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - David Bliman
- Department
of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University
of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Chemical
Biology & Therapeutics, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Lazaro Hiram Betancourt
- Division
of Oncology, Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
- Department
of Translational Medicine, Lund University,
Skåne University Hospital Malmö, 202 13 Malmö, Sweden
| | - Karin Hellman
- Chemical
Biology & Therapeutics, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Peter Ekström
- Chemical
Biology & Therapeutics, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Marios Savvakis
- Laboratory
of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, 601 74 Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Xenofon Strakosas
- Laboratory
of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, 601 74 Norrköping, Sweden
| | - György Marko-Varga
- Division
of Clinical Protein Science & Imaging, Department of Clinical
Sciences and Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Magnus Berggren
- Laboratory
of Organic Electronics, Department of Science and Technology, Linköping University, 601 74 Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Martin Hjort
- Chemical
Biology & Therapeutics, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Fredrik Ek
- Chemical
Biology & Therapeutics, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| | - Roger Olsson
- Department
of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University
of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Chemical
Biology & Therapeutics, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, 221 84 Lund, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Beaumont C, Turgeon J, Idir M, Neusser D, Lapointe R, Caron S, Dupont W, D’Astous D, Shamsuddin S, Hamza S, Landry É, Ludwigs S, Leclerc M. Water-Processable Self-Doped Conducting Polymers via Direct (Hetero)arylation Polymerization. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c00847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Josyane Turgeon
- Département de Chimie, Université Laval, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Maël Idir
- Département de Chimie, Université Laval, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - David Neusser
- IPOC-Functional Polymers, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Rosalie Lapointe
- Département de Chimie, Université Laval, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Samuel Caron
- Département de Chimie, Université Laval, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - William Dupont
- Département de Chimie, Université Laval, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Dominic D’Astous
- Département de Chimie, Université Laval, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| | | | - Sarah Hamza
- Polyanalytik, 700 Collip Circle #202, London, Ontario N6G 4X8, Canada
| | - Éric Landry
- Polyanalytik, 700 Collip Circle #202, London, Ontario N6G 4X8, Canada
| | - Sabine Ludwigs
- IPOC-Functional Polymers, Institute of Polymer Chemistry, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
| | - Mario Leclerc
- Département de Chimie, Université Laval, Québec, Québec G1V 0A6, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Synthesis of [PdBr2(benzimidazole-2-ylidene)(pyridine)] complexes and their catalytic activity in the direct C H bond activation of 2-substituted heterocycles. Polyhedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2021.115091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|
6
|
Zhao B, Liang Z, Zhang Y, Sui Y, Shi Y, Zhang X, Li M, Deng Y, Geng Y. Direct Arylation Polycondensation toward Water/Alcohol-Soluble Conjugated Polymers: Influence of Side Chain Functional Groups. ACS Macro Lett 2021; 10:419-425. [PMID: 35549230 DOI: 10.1021/acsmacrolett.1c00073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Direct arylation of 2,7-dibromofluorene with n-octyl, 6-diethoxylphosphorylhexyl, 6-(N,N-diethylamino)hexyl or 6-bromohexyl side chains and 1,2,4,5-tetrafluorobenzene (TFB) were conducted to investigate the effect of side chain functional groups on the coupling, and the resulting TFB-substituted fluorene derivatives were used as C-H monomers for the synthesis of water/alcohol soluble conjugated polymers (WSCPs) by direct arylation polycondensation (DArP). The direct arylation and DArP of the monomers carrying phosphonate and amino groups went on smoothly in typical DArP conditions, that is, Pd(OAc)2/PtBu2Me-HBF4/base/DMAc and Pd2(dba)3·CHCl3/P(o-MeOPh)3/pivalic acid/base/THF, and high molecular weight polymers with these groups were successfully synthesized. However, for fluorene-monomers with bromohexyl side chains, the target products could not be obtained from the above conditions but could be prepared in the absence of carboxylic acid additives in low polar solvents. With the above DArP-made polymers as cathode interfacial layers, high performance organic solar cells (OSCs) were successfully fabricated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bowen Zhao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ziqi Liang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ying Sui
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yibo Shi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuwen Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Miaomiao Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yunfeng Deng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yanhou Geng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou 350207, People’s Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|