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Fu X, Hu X. Ultrasound-Controlled Prodrug Activation: Emerging Strategies in Polymer Mechanochemistry and Sonodynamic Therapy. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2024. [PMID: 38698527 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.4c00150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
Ultrasound has gained prominence in biomedical applications due to its noninvasive nature and ability to penetrate deep tissue with spatial and temporal resolution. The burgeoning field of ultrasound-responsive prodrug systems exploits the mechanical and chemical effects of ultrasonication for the controlled activation of prodrugs. In polymer mechanochemistry, materials scientists exploit the sonomechanical effect of acoustic cavitation to mechanochemically activate force-sensitive prodrugs. On the other hand, researchers in the field of sonodynamic therapy adopt fundamentally distinct methodologies, utilizing the sonochemical effect (e.g., generation of reactive oxygen species) of ultrasound in the presence of sonosensitizers to induce chemical transformations that activate prodrugs. This cross-disciplinary review comprehensively examines these two divergent yet interrelated approaches, both of which originated from acoustic cavitation. It highlights molecular and materials design strategies and potential applications in diverse therapeutic contexts, from chemotherapy to immunotherapy and gene therapy methods, and discusses future directions in this rapidly advancing domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuancheng Fu
- Department of Chemistry, BioInspired Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
| | - Xiaoran Hu
- Department of Chemistry, BioInspired Institute, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, United States
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Zhan HQ, Zhang X, Chen XL, Cheng L, Wang X. Application of nanotechnology in the treatment of glomerulonephritis: current status and future perspectives. J Nanobiotechnology 2024; 22:9. [PMID: 38169389 PMCID: PMC10763010 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02257-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Glomerulonephritis (GN) is the most common cause of end-stage renal failure worldwide; in most cases, it cannot be cured and can only delay the progression of the disease. At present, the main treatment methods include symptomatic therapy, immunosuppressive therapy, and renal replacement therapy. However, effective treatment of GN is hindered by issues such as steroid resistance, serious side effects, low bioavailability, and lack of precise targeting. With the widespread application of nanoparticles in medical treatment, novel methods have emerged for the treatment of kidney diseases. Targeted transportation of drugs, nucleic acids, and other substances to kidney tissues and even kidney cells through nanodrug delivery systems can reduce the systemic effects and adverse reactions of drugs and improve treatment effectiveness. The high specificity of nanoparticles enables them to bind to ion channels and block or enhance channel gating, thus improving inflammation. This review briefly introduces the characteristics of GN, describes the treatment status of GN, systematically summarizes the research achievements of nanoparticles in the treatment of primary GN, diabetic nephropathy and lupus nephritis, analyzes recent therapeutic developments, and outlines promising research directions, such as gas signaling molecule nanodrug delivery systems and ultrasmall nanoparticles. The current application of nanoparticles in GN is summarized to provide a reference for better treatment of GN in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- He-Qin Zhan
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Xiaoxun Zhang
- Department of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xu-Lin Chen
- Department of Burns, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Cheng
- Institute of Functional Nano & Soft Materials (FUNSOM), Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon-Based Functional Materials and Devices, Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianwen Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Research and Engineering Center of Biomedical Materials, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
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Yang F, Yu W, Yu Q, Liu X, Liu C, Lu C, Liao X, Liu Y, Peng N. Mitochondria-Targeted Nanosystem with Reactive Oxygen Species-Controlled Release of CO to Enhance Photodynamic Therapy of PCN-224 by Sensitizing Ferroptosis. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2206124. [PMID: 36693788 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202206124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The apoptosis-resistant mechanism of photodynamic therapy (PDT) usually results in limited therapeutic efficacy. The development of new strategies for sensitizing targeted ferroptosis that bypass apoptosis resistance is of great significance to improve the antitumor efficacy of PDT. In this study, a novel amphiphilic copolymer whose main chain contains reactive oxygen species (ROS)-responsive groups and the end of side chains contains triphenylphosphine is synthesized, to encapsulate porphyrinic metal-organic framework PCN-224 via self-assembly which are hydrothermally synthesized by coordination of zirconium (IV) with tetra-kis(4-caboxyphenyl) porphyrin, and loaded carbon monoxide releasing molecule 401 (CORM-401) by their hollow structures (PCN-CORM), and finally, surface-coated with hyaluronic acid. The nanosystem can sequentially localize to mitochondria which is an important target to induce apoptosis and ferroptosis in cancer cells. Upon excitation with near-infrared light, PCN-224 is activated to produce amounts of ROS, and simultaneously triggers the rapid intracellular release of CO. More importantly, the released CO can sensitize ferroptosis and promote apoptosis to significantly enhance the antitumor efficacy of PCN-224 both in vitro and in vivo. These results illustrate that the mitochondria-targeted drug delivery system combined PDT with CO leads to an effective antitumor efficacy, which maybe a promising way to enhance the treatment efficiency of PDT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Futing Yang
- Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials of Hubei Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & College of Life and Health Sciences, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China
| | - Wenjie Yu
- Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials of Hubei Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & College of Life and Health Sciences, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China
| | - Qiying Yu
- Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials of Hubei Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & College of Life and Health Sciences, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China
| | - Xiyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials of Hubei Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & College of Life and Health Sciences, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China
| | - Chunping Liu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Chong Lu
- Department of Thyroid and Breast Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xinghua Liao
- Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials of Hubei Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & College of Life and Health Sciences, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials of Hubei Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & College of Life and Health Sciences, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Radiation Chemistry and Functional Materials, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning, 437100, China
| | - Na Peng
- Key Laboratory of Coal Conversion and New Carbon Materials of Hubei Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering & College of Life and Health Sciences, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China
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Rong F, Wang T, Zhou Q, Peng H, Yang J, Fan Q, Li P. Intelligent polymeric hydrogen sulfide delivery systems for therapeutic applications. Bioact Mater 2023; 19:198-216. [PMID: 35510171 PMCID: PMC9034248 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2022.03.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) plays an important role in regulating various pathological processes such as protecting mammalian cell from harmful injuries, promoting tissue regeneration, and regulating the process of various diseases caused by physiological disorders. Studies have revealed that the physiological effects of H2S are highly associated with its concentrations. At relatively low concentration, H2S shows beneficial functions. However, long-time and high-dose donation of H2S would inhibit regular biological process, resulting in cell dysfunction and apoptosis. To regulate the dosage of H2S delivery for precision medicine, H2S delivery systems with intelligent characteristics were developed and a variety of biocompatibility polymers have been utilized to establish intelligent polymeric H2S delivery systems, with the abilities to specifically target the lesions, smartly respond to pathological microenvironments, as well as real-timely monitor H2S delivery and lesion conditions by incorporating imaging-capable moieties. In this review, we focus on the design, preparation, and therapeutic applications of intelligent polymeric H2S delivery systems in cardiovascular therapy, inflammatory therapy, tissue regenerative therapy, cancer therapy and bacteria-associated therapy. Strategies for precise H2S therapies especially imaging-guided H2S theranostics are highlighted. Since H2S donors with stimuli-responsive characters are vital components for establishing intelligent H2S delivery systems, the development of H2S donors is also briefly introduced. H2S is an endogenous gasotransmitter that plays important role in regulating various physiological and pathological pathways. Controlled H2S delivery is vital since the therapeutic effects of H2S are highly associated with its concentrations. Intelligent polymeric H2S delivery systems possess specific targeting, stimuli responsive and imaging guided capabilities, representing a strategic option for next generation of therapies.
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Pan M, Hu D, Yuan L, Yu Y, Li Y, Qian Z. Newly developed gas-assisted sonodynamic therapy in cancer treatment. Acta Pharm Sin B 2022. [PMID: 37521874 PMCID: PMC10372842 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2022.12.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Sonodynamic therapy (SDT) is an emerging noninvasive treatment modality that utilizes low-frequency and low-intensity ultrasound (US) to trigger sensitizers to kill tumor cells with reactive oxygen species (ROS). Although SDT has attracted much attention for its properties including high tumor specificity and deep tissue penetration, its anticancer efficacy is still far from satisfactory. As a result, new strategies such as gas-assisted therapy have been proposed to further promote the effectiveness of SDT. In this review, the mechanisms of SDT and gas-assisted SDT are first summarized. Then, the applications of gas-assisted SDT for cancer therapy are introduced and categorized by gas types. Next, therapeutic systems for SDT that can realize real-time imaging are further presented. Finally, the challenges and perspectives of gas-assisted SDT for future clinical applications are discussed.
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Huang J, Wang H, Huang L, Zhou Y. Phospholipid-mimicking block, graft, and block-graft copolymers for phase-transition microbubbles as ultrasound contrast agents. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:968835. [PMCID: PMC9606805 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.968835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Lipid and polymer microbubbles (MBs) are widely used as ultrasound contrast agents in clinical diagnosis, and possess great potential in ultrasound-mediated therapy due to their drug loading function. However, overcoming the limitations of stability and echo enhancement of MBs are still a considerable challenge.Methods: A series novel block, graft and block-graft copolymers was proposed and prepared in this work, and these copolymers were used as shells to encapsulate perfluoropentane as ultrasound contrast agents. First, block, graft and block-graft copolymers with different topological structures were prepared. Then, these copolymers were prepared into block copolymer phase-transition MBs, graft copolymer phase-transition MBs, and block-graft copolymer phase-transition MBs, respectively. Finally, the dexamethasone was used for drug-loaded phase-transition microbubbles model to explore the potential of theranostic microbubbles.Results: Finally, these three resulting copolymer MBs with average size of 4–5 μm exhibited well enhancement of ultrasound imaging under the influence of different frequencies and mechanical index, and they exhibited a longer contrast-enhanced ultrasound imaging time and higher resistance to mechanical index compared with SonoVue in vitro and in vivo. In vitro drug release results also showed that these copolymer MBs could encapsulate dexamethasone drugs, and the drug release could be enhanced by ultrasonic triggering. These copolymer MBs were therapeutic MBs for targeted triggering drug release.Conclusion: Therefore, the feasibility of block, graft, and block-graft copolymers as ultrasonic contrast agents was verified, and their ultrasonic enhancement performance in vitro and in vivo was compared. The ultrasound contrast agents developed in this work have excellent development potential in comprehensive diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Huang
- Department of Ultrasound, Laboratory of Ultrasound Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Wang
- Department of Ultrasound, Laboratory of Ultrasound Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Hong Wang,
| | - Lei Huang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuqing Zhou
- Department of Ultrasound, Laboratory of Ultrasound Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Ji X, Zhong Z. External stimuli-responsive gasotransmitter prodrugs: Chemistry and spatiotemporal release. J Control Release 2022; 351:81-101. [PMID: 36116579 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.09.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Gasotransmitters like nitric oxide, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen sulfide with unique pleiotropic pharmacological effects in mammals are an emerging therapeutic modality for different human diseases including cancer, infection, ischemia-reperfusion injuries, and inflammation; however, their clinical translation is hampered by the lack of a reliable delivery form, which delivers such gasotransmitters to the action site with precisely controlled dosage. The external stimuli-responsive prodrug strategy has shown tremendous potential in developing gasotransmitter prodrugs, which affords precise temporospatial control and better dose control compared with endogenous stimuli-sensitive prodrugs. The promising external stimuli employed for gasotransmitter activation range from photo, ultrasound, and bioorthogonal click chemistry to exogenous enzymes. Herein, we highlight the recent development of external stimuli-mediated decaging chemistry for the temporospatial delivery of gasotransmitters including nitric oxide, carbon monoxide, hydrogen sulfide and sulfur dioxide, and discuss the pros and cons of different designs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingyue Ji
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China.
| | - Zhiyuan Zhong
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China; Biomedical Polymers Laboratory, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, PR China.
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Yeingst TJ, Arrizabalaga JH, Hayes DJ. Ultrasound-Induced Drug Release from Stimuli-Responsive Hydrogels. Gels 2022; 8:554. [PMID: 36135267 PMCID: PMC9498906 DOI: 10.3390/gels8090554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive hydrogel drug delivery systems are designed to release a payload when prompted by an external stimulus. These platforms have become prominent in the field of drug delivery due to their ability to provide spatial and temporal control for drug release. Among the different external triggers that have been used, ultrasound possesses several advantages: it is non-invasive, has deep tissue penetration, and can safely transmit acoustic energy to a localized area. This review summarizes the current state of understanding about ultrasound-responsive hydrogels used for drug delivery. The mechanisms of inducing payload release and activation using ultrasound are examined, along with the latest innovative formulations and hydrogel design strategies. We also report on the most recent applications leveraging ultrasound activation for both cancer treatment and tissue engineering. Finally, the future perspectives offered by ultrasound-sensitive hydrogels are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyus J. Yeingst
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Centre County, PA 16802, USA
| | - Julien H. Arrizabalaga
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Centre County, PA 16802, USA
| | - Daniel J. Hayes
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Centre County, PA 16802, USA
- Materials Research Institute, Millennium Science Complex, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Centre County, PA 16802, USA
- The Huck Institute of the Life Sciences, Millennium Science Complex, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Centre County, PA 16802, USA
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