1
|
Zhang S, Chen H, Li C, Chen B, Gong H, Zhao Y, Qi R. Water-Soluble Tomato Extract Fruitflow Alters the Phosphoproteomic Profile of Collagen-Stimulated Platelets. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:746107. [PMID: 34646142 PMCID: PMC8502824 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.746107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelet hyperactivity is a risk factor for cardiovascular disease and thrombosis. Recent studies reported that the tomato extract Fruitflow inhibited platelet function, but the molecular mechanism is still unclear. The present study used proteomics to quantitatively analyze the effect of fruitflow on the inhibition of collagen-stimulated platelets and validated the involvement of several signaling molecules. Fruitflow significantly inhibited human platelet aggregation and P-selectin expression that were induced by collagen. Proteomics analysis revealed that compared fruitflow-treated collagen-stimulated platelets with only collagen-stimulated platelets, 60 proteins were upregulated and 10 proteins were downregulated. Additionally, 66 phosphorylated peptides were upregulated, whereas 37 phosphorylated peptides were downregulated. Gene Ontology analysis indicated that fruitflow treatment downregulated phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B and guanosine triphosphatase-mediated signal transduction in collagen-activated platelets. Biological validation indicated that fruitflow decreased Akt, glycogen synthase kinase 3β, p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), and heat shock protein (Hsp27) phosphorylation in collagen-stimulated platelets. Fruitflow recovered cyclic adenosine monophosphate levels in collagen-activated platelets and reduced protein kinase A substrate phosphorylation that was induced by collagen. These findings suggest that fruitflow is a functional food that can inhibit platelet function, conferring beneficial effects for people who are at risk for platelet hyperactivity-associated thrombosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shenghao Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huilian Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Chuanbao Li
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Beidong Chen
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huan Gong
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yanyang Zhao
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ruomei Qi
- The Key Laboratory of Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Beijing Hospital, National Center of Gerontology, National Health Commission, Institute of Geriatric Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Wrzyszcz A, Urbaniak J, Sapa A, Woźniak M. An efficient method for isolation of representative and contamination-free population of blood platelets for proteomic studies. Platelets 2016; 28:43-53. [PMID: 27589083 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2016.1209478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
To date, there has been no ideal method for blood platelet isolation which allows one to obtain a preparation devoid of contaminations, reflecting the activation status and morphological features of circulating platelets. To address these requirements, we have developed a method which combines the continuous density gradient centrifugation with washing from PGI2-supplemented platelet-rich plasma (PRP). We have assessed the degree of erythrocyte and leukocyte contamination, recovery of platelets, morphological features, activation status, and reactivity of isolated platelets. Using our protocol, we were able to get a preparation free from contaminations, representing well the platelet population prior to the isolation in terms of size and activity. Besides this, we have obtained approximately 2 times more platelets from the same volume of blood compared to the most widely used method. From 10 ml of whole citrated blood we were able to get on average 2.7 mg of platelet-derived protein. The method of platelet isolation presented in this paper can be successfully applied to tests requiring very pure platelets, reflecting the circulating platelet state, from a small volume of blood.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aneta Wrzyszcz
- a Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics , Wroclaw Medical University , Wroclaw , Poland
| | - Joanna Urbaniak
- b Department of Laboratory Diagnostics , Lower Silesian Oncology Center , Wroclaw , Poland
| | - Agnieszka Sapa
- a Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics , Wroclaw Medical University , Wroclaw , Poland
| | - Mieczysław Woźniak
- a Department of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics , Wroclaw Medical University , Wroclaw , Poland
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
|
4
|
Trichler SA, Bulla SC, Mahajan N, Lunsford KV, Pendarvis K, Nanduri B, McCarthy FM, Bulla C. Identification of canine platelet proteins separated by differential detergent fractionation for nonelectrophoretic proteomics analyzed by Gene Ontology and pathways analysis. VETERINARY MEDICINE-RESEARCH AND REPORTS 2014; 5:1-9. [PMID: 32670841 PMCID: PMC7337207 DOI: 10.2147/vmrr.s47127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2014] [Accepted: 04/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
During platelet development, proteins necessary for the many functional roles of the platelet are stored within cytoplasmic granules. Platelets have also been shown to take up and store many plasma proteins into granules. This makes the platelet a potential novel source of biomarkers for many disease states. Approaches to sample preparation for proteomic studies for biomarkers search vary. Compared with traditional two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis systems, nonelectrophoretic proteomics methods that employ offline protein fractionation methods such as the differential detergent fractionation method have clear advantages. Here we report a proteomic survey of the canine platelet proteome using differential detergent fractionation coupled with mass spectrometry and functional modeling of the canine platelet proteins identified. A total of 5,974 unique proteins were identified from platelets, of which only 298 (5%) had previous experimental evidence of in vivo expression. The use of offline prefractionation of canine proteins by differential detergent fractionation resulted in greater proteome coverage as compared with previous reports. This initial study contributes to a broader understanding of canine platelet biology and aids functional research, identification of potential treatment targets and biomarkers, and sets a new standard for the resting platelet proteome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Kari V Lunsford
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Animal Health Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS
| | - Ken Pendarvis
- Department of Veterinary Science and Microbiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Bindu Nanduri
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS.,Institute for Genomics, Biocomputing and Biotechnology, Starkville, MS, USA
| | - Fiona M McCarthy
- Department of Veterinary Science and Microbiology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ
| | - Camilo Bulla
- Department of Pathobiology and Population Medicine
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Polkinghorne VR, Standeven KF, Schroeder V, Carter AM. Role of proteomic technologies in understanding risk of arterial thrombosis. Expert Rev Proteomics 2014; 6:539-50. [DOI: 10.1586/epr.09.75] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
|
6
|
de Roos B. Proteomic analysis of human plasma and blood cells in nutritional studies: development of biomarkers to aid disease prevention. Expert Rev Proteomics 2014; 5:819-26. [DOI: 10.1586/14789450.5.6.819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
7
|
Di Michele M, Van Geet C, Freson K. Recent advances in platelet proteomics. Expert Rev Proteomics 2014; 9:451-66. [DOI: 10.1586/epr.12.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
8
|
Bachmair EM, Bots ML, Mennen LI, Kelder T, Evelo CT, Horgan GW, Ford I, de Roos B. Effect of supplementation with an 80:20 cis9,trans11 conjugated linoleic acid blend on the human platelet proteome. Mol Nutr Food Res 2012; 56:1148-59. [PMID: 22648731 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201100763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2011] [Revised: 04/06/2012] [Accepted: 04/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
SCOPE The dietary fatty acid cis9,trans11 conjugated linoleic acid (cis9,trans11 CLA) has been shown to modify the function of endothelial cells, monocytes, and platelets, all of which are involved in the development of atherosclerosis. Potential mechanisms for the platelet effects have not been assessed previously. In this study, we assessed how supplementation of the diet with an 80:20 cis9,trans11 CLA blend affects the platelet proteome. METHODS AND RESULTS In a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, parallel-group trial, 40 overweight but apparently healthy adults received either 4 g per day of cis9,trans11 CLA-enriched oil or placebo oil, consisting of palm oil and soybean oil, for 3 months. Total platelet proteins were extracted from washed platelets, separated using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and differentially regulated protein spots were identified by LC-ESI-MS/MS. Supplementation with the CLA blend, compared with placebo, resulted in significant alterations in levels of 46 spots (p < 0.05), of which 40 were identified. Network analysis revealed that the majority of these proteins participate in regulation of the cytoskeleton and platelet structure, as well as receptor action, signaling, and focal adhesion. CONCLUSION The platelet proteomics approach revealed novel insights into regulation of cellular biomarkers of atherogenic and thrombotic pathways by an 80:20 cis9,trans11 CLA blend.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eva-Maria Bachmair
- Rowett Institute of Nutrition & Health, University of Aberdeen, Bucksburn, Aberdeen, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Zufferey A, Fontana P, Reny JL, Nolli S, Sanchez JC. Platelet proteomics. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2012; 31:331-351. [PMID: 22009795 DOI: 10.1002/mas.20345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2011] [Revised: 06/10/2011] [Accepted: 06/10/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Platelets are small cell fragments, produced by megakaryocytes, in the bone marrow. They play an important role in hemostasis and diverse thrombotic disorders. They are therefore primary targets of antithrombotic therapies. They are implicated in several pathophysiological pathways, such as inflammation or wound repair. In blood circulation, platelets are activated by several pathways including subendothelial matrix and thrombin, triggering the formation of the platelet plug. Studying their proteome is a powerful approach to understand their biology and function. However, particular attention must be paid to different experimental parameters, such as platelet quality and purity. Several technologies are involved during the platelet proteome processing, yielding information on protein identification, characterization, localization, and quantification. Recent technical improvements in proteomics combined with inter-disciplinary strategies, such as metabolomic, transcriptomics, and bioinformatics, will help to understand platelets biological mechanisms. Therefore, a comprehensive analysis of the platelet proteome under different environmental conditions may contribute to elucidate complex processes relevant to platelet function regarding bleeding disorders or platelet hyperreactivity and identify new targets for antiplatelet therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anne Zufferey
- Division of Angiology and Haemostasis, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Abstract
Platelets pose unique challenges to cell biologists due to their lack of nucleus and low levels of messenger RNA. Platelets cannot be cultured in great abundance or manipulated using common recombinant DNA technologies. As a result, platelet research has lagged behind that of nucleated cells. The advent of mass spectrometry and its application to protein biochemistry brought with it great hopes for the platelet community that are now being realized. This technology is ideally suited for identifying low-abundance proteins, protein-protein interactions, and post-translational modifications in complex protein mixtures. Over the past 10 years, proteomics has delivered in many ways, providing platelet biologists with a comprehensive list of proteins expressed in platelets, information on post-translational modifications, protein interactions and sub-cellular localization. Several novel and important platelet membrane proteins, including CLEC-2, CD148, G6b-B, G6f, and Hsp47, have been identified using proteomics-based approaches. New, more sensitive instrumentation and novel approaches are making it increasingly possible to identify ever lower amounts of proteins. In this chapter we highlight some of the major achievements of platelet proteomics to date, discussing challenges and how they were overcome. We also discuss new frontiers and applications of proteomics to platelets and microparticles in health and disease, as we strive to better understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the platelet response to vascular injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yotis Senis
- Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Research, School of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
| | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
The PPAR-Platelet Connection: Modulators of Inflammation and Potential Cardiovascular Effects. PPAR Res 2011; 2008:328172. [PMID: 18288284 PMCID: PMC2233896 DOI: 10.1155/2008/328172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2007] [Accepted: 11/06/2007] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Historically, platelets were viewed as simple anucleate cells responsible for initiating thrombosis and maintaining
hemostasis, but clearly they are also key mediators of inflammation and immune cell activation. An emerging body of
evidence links platelet function and thrombosis to vascular inflammation. peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors
(PPARs) play a major role in modulating inflammation and, interestingly, PPARs (PPARβ/δ and PPARγ) were recently
identified in platelets. Additionally, PPAR agonists attenuate platelet activation; an important discovery for two reasons.
First, activated platelets are formidable antagonists that initiate and prolong a cascade of events that contribute to
cardiovascular disease (CVD) progression. Dampening platelet release of proinflammatory mediators, including
CD40 ligand (CD40L, CD154), is essential to hinder this cascade. Second, understanding the biologic importance
of platelet PPARs and the mechanism(s) by which PPARs regulate platelet activation will be imperative in designing
therapeutic strategies lacking the deleterious or unwanted side effects of current treatment options.
Collapse
|
12
|
Fernández Parguiña A, Grigorian-Shamajian L, Agra RM, Teijeira-Fernández E, Rosa I, Alonso J, Viñuela-Roldán JE, Seoane A, González-Juanatey JR, García Á. Proteins involved in platelet signaling are differentially regulated in acute coronary syndrome: a proteomic study. PLoS One 2010; 5:e13404. [PMID: 20976234 PMCID: PMC2954807 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0013404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2010] [Accepted: 09/22/2010] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Platelets play a fundamental role in pathological events underlying acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Because platelets do not have a nucleus, proteomics constitutes an optimal approach to follow platelet molecular events associated with the onset of the acute episode. Methodology/Principal Findings We performed the first high-resolution two-dimensional gel electrophoresis-based proteome analysis of circulating platelets from patients with non-ST segment elevation ACS (NSTE-ACS). Proteins were identified by mass spectrometry and validations were by western blotting. Forty protein features (corresponding to 22 unique genes) were found to be differentially regulated between NSTE-ACS patients and matched controls with chronic ischemic cardiopathy. The number of differences decreased at day 5 (28) and 6 months after the acute event (5). Interestingly, a systems biology approach demonstrated that 16 of the 22 differentially regulated proteins identified are interconnected as part of a common network related to cell assembly and organization and cell morphology, processes very related to platelet activation. Indeed, 14 of those proteins are either signaling or cytoskeletal, and nine of them are known to participate in platelet activation by αIIbβ3 and/or GPVI receptors. Several of the proteins identified participate in platelet activation through post-translational modifications, as shown here for ILK, Src and Talin. Interestingly, the platelet-secreted glycoprotein SPARC was down-regulated in NSTE-ACS patients compared to stable controls, which is consistent with a secretion process from activated platelets. Conclusions/Significance The present study provides novel information on platelet proteome changes associated with platelet activation in NSTE-ACS, highlighting the presence of proteins involved in platelet signaling. This investigation paves the way for future studies in the search for novel platelet-related biomarkers and drug targets in ACS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Andrés Fernández Parguiña
- Departamento de Farmacoloxía, Facultade de Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Lilian Grigorian-Shamajian
- Servicio de Cardiología y Unidad Coronaria, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- Servicio de Cardiología, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Rosa M. Agra
- Servicio de Cardiología y Unidad Coronaria, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Elvis Teijeira-Fernández
- Servicio de Cardiología y Unidad Coronaria, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Isaac Rosa
- Departamento de Farmacoloxía, Facultade de Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Jana Alonso
- Laboratorio de Proteómica, Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Juan E. Viñuela-Roldán
- Laboratorio de Inmunología, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ana Seoane
- Servicio de Cardiología y Unidad Coronaria, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - José Ramón González-Juanatey
- Servicio de Cardiología y Unidad Coronaria, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Ángel García
- Departamento de Farmacoloxía, Facultade de Farmacia, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yu Y, Leng T, Yun D, Liu N, Yao J, Dai Y, Yang P, Chen X. Global analysis of the rat and human platelet proteome - the molecular blueprint for illustrating multi-functional platelets and cross-species function evolution. Proteomics 2010; 10:2444-57. [PMID: 20443191 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200900271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidences indicate that blood platelets function in multiple biological processes including immune response, bone metastasis and liver regeneration in addition to their known roles in hemostasis and thrombosis. Global elucidation of platelet proteome will provide the molecular base of these platelet functions. Here, we set up a high-throughput platform for maximum exploration of the rat/human platelet proteome using integrated proteomic technologies, and then applied to identify the largest number of the proteins expressed in both rat and human platelets. After stringent statistical filtration, a total of 837 unique proteins matched with at least two unique peptides were precisely identified, making it the first comprehensive protein database so far for rat platelets. Meanwhile, quantitative analyses of the thrombin-stimulated platelets offered great insights into the biological functions of platelet proteins and therefore confirmed our global profiling data. A comparative proteomic analysis between rat and human platelets was also conducted, which revealed not only a significant similarity, but also an across-species evolutionary link that the orthologous proteins representing "core proteome", and the "evolutionary proteome" is actually a relatively static proteome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yanbao Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Ali I, Aboul-Enein HY, Singh P, Singh R, Sharma B. Separation of biological proteins by liquid chromatography. Saudi Pharm J 2010; 18:59-73. [PMID: 23960722 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2010.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2009] [Accepted: 11/03/2009] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
After the success of human genome project, proteome is a new emerging field of biochemistry as it provides the knowledge of enzymes (proteins) interactions with different body organs and medicines administrated into human body. Therefore, the study of proteomics is very important for the development of new and effective drugs to control many lethal diseases. In proteomics study, analyses of proteome is essential and significant from the pathological point of views, i.e., in several serious diseases such as cancer, Alzheimer's disease and aging, heart diseases and also for plant biology. The separation and identification of proteomics is a challenging job due to their complex structures and closely related physico-chemical behaviors. However, the recent advances in liquid chromatography make this job easy. Various kinds of liquid chromatography, along with different detectors and optimization strategies, have been discussed in this article. Besides, attempts have been made to include chirality concept in proteomics for understanding mechanism and medication of various disease controlled by different body proteins.
Collapse
Key Words
- 2D-nano LC, two-dimensional nano liquid chromatography quadrupole
- ACN, acetonitrile
- AIEC, anion exchange chromatography
- CEC, capillary electro-chromatography
- CIEF, capillary isoelectric focusing
- CSF, cerebrospinal fluid
- Chirality
- EC, electro-chromatography
- ESI-LC–MS, electrospray ionization liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry
- FA, formic acid
- FLP, FMRF amide-like peptide
- FT-ICR-MS, ion cyclotron resonance-mass spectrometry
- GPI-APs, glycosylphosphadylinositol anchored proteins
- GSH, glutathione stimulating hormone
- GSTs, glutathione-S-transferase isoenzyme
- Gene
- HFBA, heptafluorobutyric acid
- HPLC, high performance liquid chromatography
- ICAT, isotope coded affinity tag
- IEF-SEC, isoelectrofocussing size-exclusion chromatography
- IMCD, inner medullary collecting duct
- LC-Q-TOF, liquid chromatography-quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass
- LC-dual ESI, liquid chromatography dual electrospray ionization-Fourier transform
- LC–MS, liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry
- Liquid chromatography
- MALDI-TOF, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of flight
- MFGM, milk fat globule membranes
- MMA, mass measurement accuracy
- MPC, mesenchymal progenitor cell
- MS/MS, spectrometry
- NLFs, Nasal lavage fluids
- NLP, neuropeptide like protein
- Nano detection
- PC2, prohormone convertase-2
- PS II, photosystem II
- Preparation
- Proteomics
- Q-TOFMS/MS, time-of-flight tandem-mass spectrometry
- RPLC, reversed phase liquid chromatography
- SCX, strong cation exchange
- SEC, size-exclusion chromatography
- TFA, trifluoroacetic acid
- TIC, total ion current
- TRAF, tumor necrosis factor receptor
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Imran Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia (Central University), New Delhi 110 025, India
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Senis YA, Antrobus R, Severin S, Parguiña AF, Rosa I, Zitzmann N, Watson SP, García A. Proteomic analysis of integrin alphaIIbbeta3 outside-in signaling reveals Src-kinase-independent phosphorylation of Dok-1 and Dok-3 leading to SHIP-1 interactions. J Thromb Haemost 2009; 7:1718-26. [PMID: 19682241 DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2009.03565.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Outside-in integrin alphaIIbbeta3 signaling involves a series of tyrosine kinase reactions that culminate in platelet spreading on fibrinogen. The aim of this study was to identify novel tyrosine phosphorylated signaling proteins downstream of alphaIIbbeta3, and explore their role in platelet signaling. METHODS AND RESULTS Utilizing proteomics to search for novel platelet proteins that contribute to outside-in signaling by the integrin alphaIIbbeta3, we identified 27 proteins, 17 of which were not previously shown to be part of a tyrosine phosphorylation-based signaling complex downstream of alphaIIbbeta3. The proteins identified include the novel immunoreceptors G6f and G6b-B, and two members of the Dok family of adapters, Dok-1 and Dok-3, which underwent increased tyrosine phosphorylation following platelet spreading on fibrinogen. Dok-3 was also inducibly phosphorylated in response to the GPVI-specific agonist collagen-related peptide (CRP) and the PAR-1 and -4 agonist thrombin, independently of the integrin alphaIIbbeta3. Tyrosine phosphorylation of Dok-1 and Dok-3 was primarily Src kinase-independent downstream of the integrin, whereas it was Src kinase-dependent downstream of GPVI. Moreover, both proteins inducibly interacted with Grb-2 and SHIP-1 in fibrinogen-spread platelets. CONCLUSIONS This study provides new insights into the molecular mechanism regulating alphaIIbbeta3-mediated platelet spreading on fibrinogen. The novel platelet adapter Dok-3 and the structurally related Dok-1 are tyrosine phosphorylated in an Src kinase-independent manner downstream of alphaIIbbeta3 in human platelets, leading to an interaction with Grb2 and SHIP-1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y A Senis
- Centre for Cardiovascular Sciences, Institute of Biomedical Research, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
The use of molecular diagnostic techniques in clinical and research hemostasis laboratories is increasing as genetic factors that affect the procoagulant and anticoagulant systems are identified. Many of these molecular alterations are associated with thrombotic tendencies, whereas others tip the hemostatic balance in favor of bleeding. In either scenario, molecular testing may serve as a primary diagnostic modality or may provide information that complements clot-based "functional" assays. The clinical application of DNA-based testing continues to expand since the discoveries of the factor V Leiden and prothrombin G20210A gene mutations. Indications for genetic testing continue to evolve as the underlying causes of hemostatic disorders are better understood. Further development of molecular assays depends on their proved utility in the clinical management and treatment of these complex multifactorial disorders.
Collapse
|
17
|
Walkowiak B, Kaminska M, Okrój W, Tanski W, Sobol A, Zbróg Z, Przybyszewska-Doros I. The blood platelet proteome is changed in UREMIC patients. Platelets 2009; 18:386-8. [PMID: 17654309 DOI: 10.1080/09537100601095871] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Comparative analysis of the protein profile of blood platelets isolated from nondialyzed and hemodialyzed uremic patients and healthy controls has been performed. These preliminary results indicate markedly changed expression of several proteins in blood platelets from both groups of patients compared with controls, with dramatic changes in hemodialyzed patients in the over-expression of low molecular peptides with a very wide range of pI values.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bogdan Walkowiak
- Department of Biophysics, Institute of Materials Science, Technical University of Lodz, Poland.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Springer DL, Miller JH, Spinelli SL, Pasa-Tolic L, Purvine SO, Daly DS, Zangar RC, Jin S, Blumberg N, Francis CW, Taubman MB, Casey AE, Wittlin SD, Phipps RP. Platelet proteome changes associated with diabetes and during platelet storage for transfusion. J Proteome Res 2009; 8:2261-72. [PMID: 19267493 DOI: 10.1021/pr800885j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Human platelets play a key role in hemostasis and thrombosis and have recently emerged as key regulators of inflammation. Platelets stored for transfusion produce pro-thrombotic and pro-inflammatory mediators implicated in adverse transfusion reactions. Correspondingly, these mediators are central players in pathological conditions including cardiovascular disease, the major cause of death in diabetics. In view of this, a mass spectrometry based proteomics study was performed on platelets collected from healthy and type-2 diabetics stored for transfusion. Strikingly, our innovative and sensitive proteomic approach identified 122 proteins that were either up- or down-regulated in type-2 diabetics relative to nondiabetic controls and 117 proteins whose abundances changed during a 5-day storage period. Notably, our studies are the first to characterize the proteome of platelets from diabetics before and after storage for transfusion. These identified differences allow us to formulate new hypotheses and experimentation to improve clinical outcomes by targeting "high risk platelets" that render platelet transfusion less effective or even unsafe.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- David L Springer
- Fundamental Science Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, 902 Battelle Boulevard, Richland Washington 99352, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Crosley LK, Duthie SJ, Polley AC, Bouwman FG, Heim C, Mulholland F, Horgan G, Johnson IT, Mariman EC, Elliott RM, Daniel H, de Roos B. Variation in protein levels obtained from human blood cells and biofluids for platelet, peripheral blood mononuclear cell, plasma, urine and saliva proteomics. GENES AND NUTRITION 2009; 4:95-102. [PMID: 19408033 DOI: 10.1007/s12263-009-0121-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2009] [Accepted: 04/14/2009] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Blood cells and biofluid proteomics are emerging as a valuable tool to assess effects of interventions on health and disease. This study is aimed to assess the amount and variability of proteins from platelets, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC), plasma, urine and saliva from ten healthy volunteers for proteomics analysis, and whether protein yield is affected by prolonged fasting. Volunteers provided blood, saliva and morning urine samples once a week for 4 weeks after an overnight fast. Volunteers were fasted for a further 24 h after the fourth sampling before providing their final samples. Each 10 mL whole blood provided 400-1,500 mug protein from platelets, and 100-600 mug from PBMC. 30 muL plasma depleted of albumin and IgG provided 350-650 mug protein. A sample of morning urine provided 0.9-8.6 mg protein/dL, and a sample of saliva provided 70-950 mug protein/mL. None of these yields were influenced by the degree of fasting (overnight or 36 h). In conclusion, in contrast to the yields from plasma, platelets and PBMC, the protein yields of urine and saliva samples were highly variable within and between subjects. Certain disease conditions may cause higher or lower PBMC counts and thus protein yields, or increased urinary protein levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Katie Crosley
- Rowett Institute of Nutrition and Health, University of Aberdeen, Greenburn Road, Bucksburn, Aberdeen, AB51 7HJ, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
20
|
Proteomic analysis of the porcine platelet proteome and alterations induced by thrombin activation. J Proteomics 2008; 71:547-60. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2008.08.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2008] [Revised: 08/26/2008] [Accepted: 08/28/2008] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|
21
|
Maurer-Spurej E, Kahr WH, Carter CJ, Pittendreigh C, Cameron M, Cyr TD. The value of proteomics for the diagnosis of a platelet-related bleeding disorder. Platelets 2008; 19:342-51. [PMID: 18791940 DOI: 10.1080/09537100802010547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Familial bleeding problems are frequently difficult to diagnose because currently used clinical tests cannot identify intracellular molecular defects of platelets. Using platelet proteomics, a comprehensive analytical tool, we diagnosed a family with severe bleeding problems of unknown origin with Quebec Platelet Disorder. Prior to proteomic analysis, we determined platelet counts, presence of glycoprotein (GP) Ib and GPIIb/IIIa, platelet aggregation, dense granule content and release, plasma levels of fibrinogen, Factor XIII and fibrin degradation products in four family members. Abnormalities were detected in platelet aggregation studies, which revealed variably reduced responses to ADP, collagen and epinephrine with concomitantly decreased ATP/serotonin secretion. In addition, D-dimer levels were significantly elevated 72 hours after in vitro thrombin stimulation of platelet-rich plasma. Together with the autosomal dominant inheritance and the delayed onset of bleeding in two of the four patients these results did not support any known platelet disorder. Therefore, the proteome of platelet lysates separated by one-dimensional SDS-PAGE was analysed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Platelet proteomics showed reduced amounts of alpha-granule proteins multimerin, fibrinogen and thrombospondin-1 in patient compared to control samples suggestive of Quebec Platelet Disorder. The diagnosis of Quebec Platelet Disorder was confirmed by urokinase-specific Western blots. Urokinase causes the degradation of alpha-granule proteins in this disorder. Diagnosis of rare bleeding disorders has important implications for prophylactic and acute treatment of bleeding patients. This is the first report using proteomics to identify a familial platelet defect.
Collapse
|
22
|
Howes JM, Keen JN, Findlay JB, Carter AM. The application of proteomics technology to thrombosis research: the identification of potential therapeutic targets in cardiovascular disease. Diab Vasc Dis Res 2008; 5:205-12. [PMID: 18777494 DOI: 10.3132/dvdr.2008.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Thrombus formation underpins the development of cardiovascular diseases, including acute coronary syndromes and ischaemic stroke. A number of well-characterised cardiovascular risk factors which contribute to the development of the majority of cardiovascular events have been identified, including dyslipidaemia, hypertension and diabetes. Individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have a 3- to 5-fold increased risk for development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). They may have a cluster of haemostatic abnormalities, including elevated levels of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and fibrinogen, which contribute to acute thrombotic events. It is clear that additional unidentified risk factors contribute to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular events, and so the search for novel biomarkers and effectors, particularly in individuals with T2DM, remains a major challenge of cardiovascular medicine. Plasma and cellular proteins which contribute to thrombus formation have the potential to confer a pro-thrombotic state and represent a link between genotype, environment and disease phenotype. The comprehensive analysis of these proteins is now increasingly facilitated through the continued development of proteomic technologies which provide multifaceted approaches to the identification of novel biomarkers and/or effectors of thrombus formation and on which future anticoagulant and thrombolytic therapies may be based. This review provides an overview of current proteomic technologies. It focuses on the recent studies in which these technologies have been applied in the search for novel proteins that may confer increased risk of acute cardiovascular diseases and therefore that may influence disease progression and therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joanna-Marie Howes
- Division of Cardiovascular & Diabetes Research, The LIGHT Laboratories, University of Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Watanabe N, Bodin L, Pandey M, Krause M, Coughlin S, Boussiotis VA, Ginsberg MH, Shattil SJ. Mechanisms and consequences of agonist-induced talin recruitment to platelet integrin alphaIIbbeta3. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2008; 181:1211-22. [PMID: 18573917 PMCID: PMC2442211 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.200803094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Platelet aggregation requires agonist-induced αIIbβ3 activation, a process mediated by Rap1 and talin. To study mechanisms, we engineered αIIbβ3 Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells to conditionally express talin and protease-activated receptor (PAR) thrombin receptors. Human PAR1 or murine PAR4 stimulation activates αIIbβ3, which was measured with antibody PAC-1, indicating complete pathway reconstitution. Knockdown of Rap1–guanosine triphosphate–interacting adaptor molecule (RIAM), a Rap1 effector, blocks this response. In living cells, RIAM overexpression stimulates and RIAM knockdown blocks talin recruitment to αIIbβ3, which is monitored by bimolecular fluorescence complementation. Mutations in talin or β3 that disrupt their mutual interaction block both talin recruitment and αIIbβ3 activation. However, one talin mutant (L325R) is recruited to αIIbβ3 but cannot activate it. In platelets, RIAM localizes to filopodia and lamellipodia, and, in megakaryocytes, RIAM knockdown blocks PAR4-mediated αIIbβ3 activation. The RIAM-related protein lamellipodin promotes talin recruitment and αIIbβ3 activity in CHO cells but is not expressed in megakaryocytes or platelets. Thus, talin recruitment to αIIbβ3 by RIAM mediates agonist-induced αIIbβ3 activation, with implications for hemostasis and thrombosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naohide Watanabe
- Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
24
|
de Roos B, Duthie SJ, Polley ACJ, Mulholland F, Bouwman FG, Heim C, Rucklidge GJ, Johnson IT, Mariman EC, Daniel H, Elliott RM. Proteomic methodological recommendations for studies involving human plasma, platelets, and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. J Proteome Res 2008; 7:2280-90. [PMID: 18489134 DOI: 10.1021/pr700714x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This study was designed to develop, optimize and validate protocols for blood processing prior to proteomic analysis of plasma, platelets and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and to determine analytical variation of a single sample of depleted plasma, platelet and PBMC proteins within and between four laboratories each using their own standard operating protocols for 2D gel electrophoresis. Plasma depleted either using the Beckman Coulter IgY-12 proteome partitioning kit or the Amersham albumin and IgG depletion columns gave good quality gels, but reproducibility appeared better with the single-use immuno-affinity column. The use of the Millipore Filter Device for protein concentration gave a 16% ( p < 0.005) higher recovery of protein in flow-through sample compared with acetone precipitation. The use of OptiPrep gave the lowest level of platelet contamination (1:0.8) during the isolation of PBMC from blood. Several proteins (among which are alpha-tropomyosin, fibrinogen and coagulation factor XIII A) were identified that may be used as biomarkers of platelet contamination in future studies. When identifying preselected spots, at least three out of the four centers found similar identities for 10 out of the 10 plasma proteins, 8 out of the 10 platelet proteins and 8 out of the 10 PBMC proteins. The discrepancy in spot identifications has been described before and may be explained by the mis-selection of spots due to laboratory-to-laboratory variation in gel formats, low scores on the peptide analysis leading to no or only tentative identifications, or incomplete resolution of different proteins in what appears as a single abundant spot. The average within-laboratory coefficient of variation (CV) for each of the matched spots after automatic matching using either PDQuest or ProteomWeaver software ranged between 18 and 69% for depleted plasma proteins, between 21 and 55% for platelet proteins, and between 22 and 38% for PBMC proteins. Subsequent manual matching improved the CV with on average between 1 and 16%. The average between laboratory CV for each of the matched spots after automatic matching ranged between 4 and 54% for depleted plasma proteins, between 5 and 60% for platelet proteins, and between 18 and 70% for PBMC proteins. This variation must be considered when designing sufficiently powered studies that use proteomics tools for biomarker discovery. The use of tricine in the running buffer for the second dimension appears to enhance the resolution of proteins especially in the high molecular weight range.
Collapse
|
25
|
Liumbruno G, D'Amici GM, Grazzini G, Zolla L. Transfusion medicine in the era of proteomics. J Proteomics 2008; 71:34-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2008.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2008] [Revised: 02/18/2008] [Accepted: 02/18/2008] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
|
26
|
Liumbruno GM. Proteomics: applications in transfusion medicine. BLOOD TRANSFUSION = TRASFUSIONE DEL SANGUE 2008; 6:70-85. [PMID: 18946951 PMCID: PMC2626841 DOI: 10.2450/2008.0038-07] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2007] [Accepted: 12/20/2007] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
|
27
|
Vivanco F, Padial L, Darde V, de la Cuesta F, Alvarez-Llamas G, Diaz-Prieto N, Barderas M. Proteomic Biomarkers of Atherosclerosis. Biomark Insights 2008; 3:101-113. [PMID: 19578499 PMCID: PMC2688368 DOI: 10.4137/bmi.s488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
SUMMARY: Biomarkers provide a powerful approach to understanding the spectrum of cardiovascular diseases. They have application in screening, diagnostic, prognostication, prediction of recurrences and monitoring of therapy. The "omics" tool are becoming very useful in the development of new biomarkers in cardiovascular diseases. Among them, proteomics is especially fitted to look for new proteins in health and disease and is playing a significant role in the development of new diagnostic tools in cardiovascular diagnosis and prognosis. This review provides an overview of progress in applying proteomics to atherosclerosis. First, we describe novel proteins identified analysing atherosclerotic plaques directly. Careful analysis of proteins within the atherosclerotic vascular tissue can provide a repertoire of proteins involved in vascular remodelling and atherogenesis. Second, we discuss recent data concerning proteins secreted by atherosclerotic plaques. The definition of the atheroma plaque secretome resides in that proteins secreted by arteries can be very good candidates of novel biomarkers. Finally we describe proteins that have been differentially expressed (versus controls) by individual cells which constitute atheroma plaques (endothelial cells, vascular smooth muscle cells, macrophages and foam cells) as well as by circulating cells (monocytes, platelets) or novel biomarkers present in plasma.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F. Vivanco
- Department of Immunology. Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Universidad Complutense, Proteomic Unit, Madrid, Spain
| | - L.R. Padial
- Department of Cardiology. Hospital Virgen de la Salud, SESCAM, Toledo, Spain
| | - V.M. Darde
- Department of Immunology. Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - F. de la Cuesta
- Department of Immunology. Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Natacha Diaz-Prieto
- Department of Vascular Pathophysiology. Hospital Nacional de Paraplejicos, SESCAM, Toledo, Spain
| | - M.G. Barderas
- Department of Immunology. Fundación Jiménez Díaz, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Vascular Pathophysiology. Hospital Nacional de Paraplejicos, SESCAM, Toledo, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Greening DW, Glenister KM, Kapp EA, Moritz RL, Sparrow RL, Lynch GW, Simpson RJ. Comparison of human platelet membrane-cytoskeletal proteins with the plasma proteome: Towards understanding the platelet-plasma nexus. Proteomics Clin Appl 2008; 2:63-77. [DOI: 10.1002/prca.200780067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2007] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
|
29
|
Guerrier L, Claverol S, Fortis F, Rinalducci S, Timperio AM, Antonioli P, Jandrot-Perrus M, Boschetti E, Righetti PG. Exploring the platelet proteome via combinatorial, hexapeptide ligand libraries. J Proteome Res 2007; 6:4290-303. [PMID: 17918985 DOI: 10.1021/pr0703371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
A combinatorial ligand library, composed of millions of diverse hexapeptide baits, able to capture and concentrate the "low-abundance" proteome while drastically cutting the concentration of the most abundant species, has been applied to the exploration of the soluble platelet proteome. Mass spectrometry analysis of untreated and library-treated platelets has resulted in the identification of 435 unique gene products. Of those, 147 entries (35% of the total) have not been described among the list of >1100 proteins in proteomic platelet investigations reported before. In addition, the analysis of excised spots from two-dimensional electrophoresis analysis allowed 57 other proteins to be added that were not found in LC-MS analysis, 33 of them not described before in proteomics studies, bringing the total number of new gene products to 180. Thus, the present data add a non-negligible number of species for continuing the "cartography" of the proteomic asset of platelets, in view of completing the mapping procedure for a deeper understanding of the physiology and pathology of this blood cell. Because the capturing process is performed under physiological conditions, by exploiting, for binding to the combinatorial library, the native protein configuration, the described technique is not adapted to capture highly hydrophobic proteins, which need strong denaturing and solubilizing conditions that are incompatible with our working procedure. Thus, our list reports essentially hydrophilic proteins, with negative GRAVY indexes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Luc Guerrier
- Bio-Rad Laboratories, c/o CEA-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Vivanco F, Mas S, Darde VM, De la Cuesta F, Alvarez-Llamas G, Barderas MG. Vascular proteomics. Proteomics Clin Appl 2007; 1:1102-22. [DOI: 10.1002/prca.200700190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
|
31
|
Pardo M, Dwek RA, Zitzmann N. Proteomics in uveal melanoma research: opportunities and challenges in biomarker discovery. Expert Rev Proteomics 2007; 4:273-86. [PMID: 17425462 DOI: 10.1586/14789450.4.2.273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Uveal melanoma (UM) is the most frequent primary intraocular tumor in adult humans. Despite the significant advances in diagnosis and treatment of UM in the last decades, the prognosis of UM sufferers is still poor. Metastatic liver disease is the leading cause of death in UM and can develop after a long disease-free interval, suggesting the presence of occult micrometastasis. Proteomics technology has opened new opportunities for elucidating the molecular mechanism of complex diseases, such as cancer. This article will review the recent developments in biomarker discovery for UM research by proteomics. In the last few years, the first UM proteomics-based analyses have been launched, yielding promising results. An update on recent developments on this field is presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Pardo
- Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, Laboratorio de Endocrinología Molecular, Departamento de Medicina, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
|
33
|
|
34
|
Abstract
Blood-based therapeutics are cellular or plasma components derived from human blood. Their production requires appropriate selection and treatment of the donor and processing of cells or plasma proteins. In contrast to clearly defined, chemically synthesized drugs, blood-derived therapeutics are highly complex mixtures of plasma proteins or even more complex cells. Pathogen transmission by the product as well as changes in the integrity of blood constituents resulting in loss of function or immune modulation are currently important issues in transfusion medicine. Protein modifications can occur during various steps of the production process, such as acquisition, enrichment of separate components (e.g. coagulation factors, cell populations), virus inactivation, conservation, and storage. Contemporary proteomic strategies allow a comprehensive assessment of protein modifications with high coverage, offer capabilities for qualitative and even quantitative analysis, and for high-throughput protein identification. Traditionally, proteomics approaches predominantly relied on two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE). Even if 2-DE is still state of the art, it has inherent limitations that are mainly based on the physicochemical properties of the proteins analyzed; for example, proteins with extremes in molecular mass and hydrophobicity (most membrane proteins) are difficult to assess by 2-DE. These limitations have fostered the development of mass spectrometry centered on non-gel-based separation approaches, which have proven to be highly successful and are thus complementing and even partially replacing 2-DE-based approaches. Although blood constituents have been extensively analyzed by proteomics, this technology has not been widely applied to assess or even improve blood-derived therapeutics, or to monitor the production processes. As proteomic technologies have the capacity to provide comprehensive information about changes occurring during processing and storage of blood products, proteomics can potentially guide improvement of pathogen inactivation procedures and engineering of stem cells, and may also allow a better understanding of factors influencing the immunogenicity of blood-derived therapeutics. An important development in proteomics is the reduction of inter-assay variability. This now allows the screening of samples taken from the same product over time or before and after processing. Optimized preparation procedures and storage conditions will reduce the risk of protein alterations, which in turn may contribute to better recovery, reduced exposure to allogeneic proteins, and increased transfusion safety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Thiele
- Institute of Immunology and Transfusion Medicine, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt University, Greifswald, Germany
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
García A. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis in platelet proteomics research. METHODS IN MOLECULAR MEDICINE 2007; 139:339-53. [PMID: 18287684 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-59745-571-8_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Proteomics technology allows a comprehensive and efficient analysis of the proteome and has become an indispensable tool in biomedical research. Since the late 80s, advances on mass spectrometry (MS) instrumentation and techniques have revolutionized the way proteins can be analyzed. Such analysis would only be possible with a proper sample preparation and separation ahead of the MS step. Different gel and nongel-based methods are available for protein separation. This chapter will focus on the use of two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2-DE) in proteomics and its application to platelet research. 2-DE separates proteins according to their isoelectric point (pI) and size (molecular weight) and allows the detection of thousands of proteins at a time. Platelets are enucleated cells that play a critical function in the control of bleeding and wound healing. As platelets do not have a nucleus, proteomics offers a powerful alternative approach to provide data on protein expression in these cells, helping to address their biology. This chapter presents a protocol for an efficient sample preparation, protein separation by 2-DE, and protein digestion ahead of the MS analysis. The experimental approach, already successfully applied to the study of the platelet proteome, includes recommendations for an efficient platelet preparation for proteomics studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angel García
- Department of Biochemistry, Rede de Infraestructuras de Apoio á Investigación e ó Desenvolvemento Tecnolóxico (RIAIDT), Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
García A, Senis YA, Antrobus R, Hughes CE, Dwek RA, Watson SP, Zitzmann N. A global proteomics approach identifies novel phosphorylated signaling proteins in GPVI-activated platelets: involvement of G6f, a novel platelet Grb2-binding membrane adapter. Proteomics 2006; 6:5332-43. [PMID: 16941570 PMCID: PMC1869047 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.200600299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Collagen-related peptide (CRP) stimulates powerful activation of platelets through the glycoprotein VI (GPVI)-FcR gamma-chain complex. We have combined proteomics and traditional biochemistry approaches to study the proteome of CRP-activated platelets, focusing in detail on tyrosine phosphorylation. In two separate approaches, phosphotyrosine immunoprecipitations followed by 1-D-PAGE, and 2-DE, were used for protein separation. Proteins were identified by MS. By following these approaches, 96 proteins were found to undergo PTM in response to CRP in human platelets, including 11 novel platelet proteins such as Dok-1, SPIN90, osteoclast stimulating factor 1, and beta-Pix. Interestingly, the type I transmembrane protein G6f was found to be specifically phosphorylated on Tyr-281 in response to platelet activation by CRP, providing a docking site for the adapter Grb2. G6f tyrosine phoshporylation was also found to take place in response to collagen, although not in response to the G protein-coupled receptor agonists, thrombin and ADP. Further, we also demonstrate for the first time that Grb2 and its homolog Gads are tyrosine-phosphorylated in CRP-stimulated platelets. This study provides new insights into the mechanism of platelet activation through the GPVI collagen receptor, helping to build the basis for the development of new drug targets for thrombotic disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Angel García
- Department of Biochemistry, Oxford Glycobiology Institute, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Zahedi RP, Begonja AJ, Gambaryan S, Sickmann A. Phosphoproteomics of human platelets: A quest for novel activation pathways. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2006; 1764:1963-76. [PMID: 17049321 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2006.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2006] [Revised: 07/28/2006] [Accepted: 08/21/2006] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Besides their role in hemostasis, platelets are also highly involved in the pathogenesis and progression of cardiovascular diseases. Since important and initial steps of platelet activation and aggregation are regulated by phosphorylation events, a comprehensive study aimed at the characterization of phosphorylation-driven signaling cascades might lead to the identification of new target proteins for clinical research. However, it becomes increasingly evident that only a comprehensive phosphoproteomic approach may help to characterize functional protein networks and their dynamic alteration during physiological and pathophysiological processes in platelets. In this review, we discuss current methodologies in phosphoproteome research including their potentials as well as limitations, from sample preparation to classical approaches like radiolabeling and state-of-the-art mass spectrometry techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- René P Zahedi
- Protein Mass Spectrometry and Functional Proteomics Group, Rudolf-Virchow-Center for Experimental Biomedicine, University of Wuerzburg, Versbacher Str. 9, 97078 Wuerzburg, Germany
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Cei S, Kandler B, Fügl A, Gabriele M, Hollinger JO, Watzek G, Gruber R. Bone marrow stromal cells of young and adult rats respond similarly to platelet-released supernatant and bone morphogenetic protein-6 in vitro. J Periodontol 2006; 77:699-706. [PMID: 16584353 DOI: 10.1902/jop.2006.050155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Age-related changes in periodontal bone regeneration, osseointegration of dental implants, and graft consolidation are increasingly considered in treatment planning. This study was intended to show whether aging is associated with a diminished responsiveness of osteoprogenitor cells to growth and differentiation factors. METHODS We compared the capacity of bone marrow stromal cells harvested from young and adult rats to proliferate, migrate, and differentiate into the osteogenic lineage following exposure to platelet-released supernatant (PRS) or bone morphogenetic protein-6 (BMP-6). Bone marrow stromal cells were isolated from 12 young rats aged 6 weeks and 12 adult rats aged 9 months. Proliferation was assessed by 3[H]thymidine incorporation, migration was evaluated with the Boyden chamber assay, and osteogenic differentiation was deduced from alkaline phosphatase activity. RESULTS Irrespective of the donor age, bone marrow stromal cells showed increased mitogenic activity and chemotactic motility when exposed to PRS. Adult bone marrow stromal cells had higher alkaline phosphatase activities at baseline and upon incubation with BMP-6 than cells obtained from young animals. There was no difference between the two groups in the slope of the alkaline phosphatase activity curve following stimulation with BMP-6. CONCLUSIONS The data demonstrate that, irrespective of their age, bone marrow stromal cells respond similarly to PRS and BMP-6 under in vitro conditions. These findings suggest that osteoprogenitor cells within the bone marrow of adult rats retain their juvenile potential to respond to growth and differentiation factors, which are released naturally or are applied therapeutically at sites of bone regeneration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Cei
- Oral Surgery Department, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|