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Santos M, Melo T, Maurício T, Ferreira H, Domingues P, Domingues R. The non-enzymatic oxidation of phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylserine and their intriguing roles in inflammation dynamics and diseases. FEBS Lett 2024. [PMID: 39097985 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/06/2024]
Abstract
Phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) and phosphatidylserine (PS), along with phosphatidylcholine (PC), are key phospholipids (PL) in cell membranes and lipoproteins, prone to oxidative modifications. Their oxidized forms, OxPE and OxPS, play significant roles in inflammation and immune response. This review explores their structural oxidative changes under non-enzymatic conditions and their roles in physiological and pathological contexts, influencing inflammation, and immunity. Specific oxidations of PE and PS significantly alter their physicochemical properties, leading to enhanced biological functions, reduced activity, or inactivation. OxPE may show pro-inflammatory actions, similar to well-documented OxPC, while the OxPS pro-inflammatory effects are less noted. However, OxPS and OxPE have also shown an antagonistic effect against lipopolysaccharides (LPS), suggesting a protective role against exacerbated immune responses, similar to OxPC. Further research is needed to deepen our understanding of these less-studied OxPL classes. The role of OxPE and OxPS in disease pathogenesis remains largely unexplored, with limited studies linking them to Alzheimer's disease, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, traumatic brain injury, and skin inflammation. These findings highlight the potential of OxPE and OxPS as biomarkers for disease diagnosis, monitoring, and therapeutic targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matilde Santos
- Department of Chemistry, Mass Spectrometry Center, LAQV-REQUIMTE, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Tânia Melo
- Department of Chemistry, Mass Spectrometry Center, LAQV-REQUIMTE, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, Aveiro, Portugal
- Department of Chemistry, CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Tatiana Maurício
- Department of Chemistry, Mass Spectrometry Center, LAQV-REQUIMTE, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Helena Ferreira
- Department of Chemistry, Mass Spectrometry Center, LAQV-REQUIMTE, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Pedro Domingues
- Department of Chemistry, Mass Spectrometry Center, LAQV-REQUIMTE, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Rosário Domingues
- Department of Chemistry, Mass Spectrometry Center, LAQV-REQUIMTE, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, Aveiro, Portugal
- Department of Chemistry, CESAM-Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, Aveiro, Portugal
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Moreira AS, Gonçalves J, Conde TA, Couto D, Melo T, Maia IB, Pereira H, Silva J, Domingues MR, Nunes C. Chrysotila pseudoroscoffensis as a source of high-value polar lipids with antioxidant activity: A lipidomic approach. ALGAL RES 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2022.102756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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Ferreira HB, Barros C, Melo T, Paiva A, Domingues MR. Looking in Depth at Oxidized Cholesteryl Esters by LC-MS/MS: Reporting Specific Fragmentation Fingerprints and Isomer Discrimination. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2022; 33:793-802. [PMID: 35438496 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.1c00370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Cholesteryl esters (CE) are prone to oxidation under increased oxidative stress conditions, but little is known about oxidized CE species (oxCE). To date, only a few oxCE have been identified, however, mainly based on the detection of molecular ions by mass spectrometry (MS) or target approaches for specific oxCE. The study of oxCE occurring from radical oxidation is still scarcely addressed. In this work, we made a comprehensive assessment of oxCE derivatives and their specific fragmentation patterns to identify detailed structural features and isomer differentiation using high-resolution C18 HPLC-MS- and MS/MS-based lipidomic approaches. The LC-MS/MS analysis allowed us to pinpoint oxCE structural isomers of long-chain and short-chain species, eluting at different retention times (tR). Data analysis revealed that oxCE can be modified either in the fatty acyl moiety or in the cholesterol ring. The location of the hydroxy/hydroperoxy group originates characteristic fragment ions, namely the unmodified cholestenyl cation (m/z 369) for the isomer with oxidation in the fatty acyl chain or ions at m/z 367 and m/z 385 (369 + 16) when oxygenation occurs in the cholesterol ring. Additionally, we identified CE 18:2 and 20:4 aldehydic and carboxylic short-chain products that showed a clear fragmentation pattern that confirmed the modification in the fatty acyl chain. Specific fragmentation fingerprinting allowed discrimination of the isobaric short-chain species, namely carboxylic short-chain products, from hydroxy aldehyde short-chain products, with a hydroxycholesterol moiety. This new information is important to identify different oxCE in biological samples and will contribute to unraveling their role in biological conditions and diseases such as cardiovascular disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Beatriz Ferreira
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- CESAM, Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Cristina Barros
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Tânia Melo
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- CESAM, Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
| | - Artur Paiva
- Unidade de Gestão Operacional em Citometria, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra (CHUC), 3004-561 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-370 Coimbra, Portugal
- Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra, ESTESC - Coimbra Health School, Ciências Biomédicas Laboratoriais, 3046-854 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - M Rosário Domingues
- Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
- CESAM, Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
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Altomare A, Baron G, Gianazza E, Banfi C, Carini M, Aldini G. Lipid peroxidation derived reactive carbonyl species in free and conjugated forms as an index of lipid peroxidation: limits and perspectives. Redox Biol 2021; 42:101899. [PMID: 33642248 PMCID: PMC8113032 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.101899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive carbonyl species (RCS) formed by lipidperoxidation as free forms or as enzymatic and non-enzymatic conjugates are widely used as an index of oxidative stress. Besides general measurements based on derivatizing reactions, more selective and sensitive MS based analyses have been proposed in the last decade. Untargeted and targeted methods for the measurement of free RCS and adducts have been described and their applications to in vitro and ex vivo samples have permitted the identification of many biological targets, reaction mechanisms and adducted moieties with a particular relevance to RCS protein adducts. The growing interest in protein carbonylation can be explained by considering that protein adducts are now recognized as being involved in the damaging action of oxidative stress so that their measurement is performed not only to obtain an index of lipid peroxidation but also to gain a deeper insight into the molecular mechanisms of oxidative stress. The aim of the review is to discuss the most novel analytical approaches and their application for profiling reactive carbonyl species and their enzymatic and non-enzymatic metabolites as an index of lipid-oxidation and oxidative stress. Limits and perspectives will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Altomare
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanna Baron
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Erica Gianazza
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Via Parea 4, 20138, Milan, Italy
| | - Cristina Banfi
- Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Via Parea 4, 20138, Milan, Italy
| | - Marina Carini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Aldini
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (DISFARM), Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via Mangiagalli 25, 20133, Milan, Italy.
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Han L, Lin Q, Liu G, Han D, Niu L. Review of the formation and influencing factors of food-derived glycated lipids. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2020; 62:3490-3498. [PMID: 33372540 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1867052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Glycated lipids are formed by a Maillard reaction between the aldehyde group of a reducing sugar with the free amino group of an amino-lipid. The formation and accumulation of glycated lipids are closely related to the prognosis of diabetes, vascular disease, and cancer. However, it is not clear whether food-derived glycated lipids pose a direct threat to the human body. In this review, potentially harmful effect, distribution, formation environment and mechanism, and determination and inhibitory methods of glycated lipids are presented. Future research directions for the study of food-derived glycated lipids include: (1) understanding their digestion, absorption, and metabolism in the human body; (2) expanding the available database for associated risk assessment; (3) relating their formation mechanism to food production processes; (4) revealing the formation mechanism of food-derived glycated lipids; (5) developing rapid, reliable, and inexpensive determination methods for the compounds in different foods; and (6) seeking effective inhibitors. This review will contribute to the final control of food-derived glycated lipids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lipeng Han
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China.,Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingna Lin
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Guangzhou, China.,School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guoqin Liu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Green Processing of Natural Products and Product Safety, Guangzhou, China.,School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dongxue Han
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Li Niu
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, China
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Liebisch G, Fahy E, Aoki J, Dennis EA, Durand T, Ejsing CS, Fedorova M, Feussner I, Griffiths WJ, Köfeler H, Merrill AH, Murphy RC, O'Donnell VB, Oskolkova O, Subramaniam S, Wakelam MJO, Spener F. Update on LIPID MAPS classification, nomenclature, and shorthand notation for MS-derived lipid structures. J Lipid Res 2020; 61:1539-1555. [PMID: 33037133 PMCID: PMC7707175 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.s120001025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 338] [Impact Index Per Article: 84.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A comprehensive and standardized system to report lipid structures analyzed by MS is essential for the communication and storage of lipidomics data. Herein, an update on both the LIPID MAPS classification system and shorthand notation of lipid structures is presented for lipid categories Fatty Acyls (FA), Glycerolipids (GL), Glycerophospholipids (GP), Sphingolipids (SP), and Sterols (ST). With its major changes, i.e., annotation of ring double bond equivalents and number of oxygens, the updated shorthand notation facilitates reporting of newly delineated oxygenated lipid species as well. For standardized reporting in lipidomics, the hierarchical architecture of shorthand notation reflects the diverse structural resolution powers provided by mass spectrometric assays. Moreover, shorthand notation is expanded beyond mammalian phyla to lipids from plant and yeast phyla. Finally, annotation of atoms is included for the use of stable isotope-labeled compounds in metabolic labeling experiments or as internal standards. This update on lipid classification, nomenclature, and shorthand annotation for lipid mass spectra is considered a standard for lipid data presentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gerhard Liebisch
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Regensburg University Hospital, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Eoin Fahy
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Junken Aoki
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Tokyo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Edward A Dennis
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Thierry Durand
- Institute of Biomolecules Max Mousseron, University of Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, Montpellier, France
| | - Christer S Ejsing
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Villum Center for Bioanalytical Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark; Cell Biology and Biophysics Unit, European Molecular Biology Laboratory, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maria Fedorova
- Institute of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany; Center for Biotechnology and Biomedicine, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Ivo Feussner
- Department of Plant Biochemistry, Albrecht-von-Haller-Institute and Göttingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | | | - Harald Köfeler
- Core Facility Mass Spectrometry, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Alfred H Merrill
- School of Biological Sciences and the Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - Robert C Murphy
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Colorado at Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Olga Oskolkova
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Shankar Subramaniam
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Jacobs School of Engineering, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Friedrich Spener
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of Graz, Graz, Austria; Division of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Gottfried Schatz Research Center, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria.
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