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Bose A, Datta S, Mandal R, Ray U, Dhar R. Increased heterogeneity in expression of genes associated with cancer progression and drug resistance. Transl Oncol 2024; 41:101879. [PMID: 38262110 PMCID: PMC10832509 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2024.101879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Fluctuations in the number of regulatory molecules and differences in timings of molecular events can generate variation in gene expression among genetically identical cells in the same environmental condition. This variation, termed as expression noise, can create differences in metabolic state and cellular functions, leading to phenotypic heterogeneity. Expression noise and phenotypic heterogeneity have been recognized as important contributors to intra-tumor heterogeneity, and have been associated with cancer growth, progression, and therapy resistance. However, how expression noise changes with cancer progression in actual cancer patients has remained poorly explored. Such an analysis, through identification of genes with increasing expression noise, can provide valuable insights into generation of intra-tumor heterogeneity, and could have important implications for understanding immune-suppression, drug tolerance and therapy resistance. In this work, we performed a genome-wide identification of changes in gene expression noise with cancer progression using single-cell RNA-seq data of lung adenocarcinoma patients at different stages of cancer. We identified 37 genes in epithelial cells that showed an increasing noise trend with cancer progression, many of which were also associated with cancer growth, EMT and therapy resistance. We found that expression of several of these genes was positively associated with expression of mitochondrial genes, suggesting an important role of mitochondria in generation of heterogeneity. In addition, we uncovered substantial differences in sample-specific noise profiles which could have implications for personalized prognosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwesha Bose
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Kharagpur, India
| | - Subhasis Datta
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Kharagpur, India
| | - Rakesh Mandal
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Kharagpur, India
| | - Upasana Ray
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Kharagpur, India
| | - Riddhiman Dhar
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Kharagpur, India.
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2
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Wang L, Zhang J, Xia M, Liu C, Zu X, Zhong J. High Mobility Group A1 (HMGA1): Structure, Biological Function, and Therapeutic Potential. Int J Biol Sci 2022; 18:4414-4431. [PMID: 35864955 PMCID: PMC9295051 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.72952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
High mobility group A1 (HMGA1) is a nonhistone chromatin structural protein characterized by no transcriptional activity. It mainly plays a regulatory role by modifying the structure of DNA. A large number of studies have confirmed that HMGA1 regulates genes related to tumours in the reproductive system, digestive system, urinary system and haematopoietic system. HMGA1 is rare in adult cells and increases in highly proliferative cells such as embryos. After being stimulated by external factors, it will produce effects through the Wnt/β-catenin, PI3K/Akt, Hippo and MEK/ERK pathways. In addition, HMGA1 also affects the ageing, apoptosis, autophagy and chemotherapy resistance of cancer cells, which are linked to tumorigenesis. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms of HMGA1 in cancer progression and discuss the potential clinical application of targeted HMGA1 therapy, indicating that targeted HMGA1 is of great significance in the diagnosis and treatment of malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, PR China
| | - Ji Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shenzhen Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Shenzhen 518033, Guangdong, China
| | - Min Xia
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, PR China.,Cancer Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, PR China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, First School of Clinical Medicine, University of Southern Medical, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China
| | - Xuyu Zu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, PR China.,Cancer Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, PR China
| | - Jing Zhong
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, PR China.,Cancer Research Institute, The First Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, PR China
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Mayr C, Kiesslich T, Modest DP, Stintzing S, Ocker M, Neureiter D. Chemoresistance and resistance to targeted therapies in biliary tract cancer: What have we learned? Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2022; 31:221-233. [PMID: 35098846 DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2022.2034785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Biliary tract cancer (BTC), including intra- and extrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma and gallbladder cancer, is a rare and highly difficult to manage human malignancy. Besides late diagnosis and associated unresectability, frequently observed unresponsiveness towards and recurrence following chemotherapy or targeted therapy essentially contribute to the dismal prognosis of BTC patients. AREAS COVERED The review provides an update on individual mechanisms involved resistance of BTC towards conventional chemotherapy as well as targeted therapies. We review the distinct mechanisms of pharmacoresistance (MPRs) which have been defined in BTC cells on a molecular basis and examine the specific consequences for the various approaches of chemo-, targeted or immunomodulatory therapies. EXPERT OPINION Based on currently available experimental and clinical data, the present knowledge about these MPRs in BTCs are summarized. While some possible tactics for overcoming these mechanisms of resistance have been investigated, a BTC-specific and efficient approach based on comprehensive in vitro and in vivo experimental systems is not yet available. Additionally, a reliable monitoring of therapy-relevant cellular changes needs to be established which allows for choosing the optimal drug (combination) before and/or during pharmacological therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Mayr
- Center for Physiology, Pathophysiology and Biophysics - Salzburg and Nuremberg, Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austrial.,Department of Internal Medicine I, Paracelsus Medical University/University Hospital Salzburg (SALK), 5020 Salzburg, Austrial
| | - Tobias Kiesslich
- Center for Physiology, Pathophysiology and Biophysics - Salzburg and Nuremberg, Institute for Physiology and Pathophysiology, Paracelsus Medical University, 5020 Salzburg, Austrial.,Department of Internal Medicine I, Paracelsus Medical University/University Hospital Salzburg (SALK), 5020 Salzburg, Austrial
| | - Dominik Paul Modest
- Medical Department, Division of Hematology,Oncology,and Tumor Immunology (Campus Charité Mitte), Charité University Medicine Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Stintzing
- Medical Department, Division of Hematology,Oncology,and Tumor Immunology (Campus Charité Mitte), Charité University Medicine Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Ocker
- Charité University Medicine Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany.,Translational Medicine & Clinical Pharmacology, Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KG, 55216 Ingelheim, Germany
| | - Daniel Neureiter
- Institute of Pathology, Paracelsus Medical University/University Hospital Salzburg (SALK), 5020 Salzburg, Austria.,Cancer Cluster Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria
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4
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Chang H, Yao Y. lncRNA TMPO antisense RNA 1 promotes the malignancy of cholangiocarcinoma cells by regulating let-7g-5p/ high-mobility group A1 axis. Bioengineered 2022; 13:2889-2901. [PMID: 35040749 PMCID: PMC8973948 DOI: 10.1080/21655979.2022.2025700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CHOL) is often diagnosed at an advanced stage; therefore, exploring its key regulatory factors is important for earlier diagnosis and treatment. This study aimed to identify the mechanisms of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) TMPO Antisense RNA 1 (TMPO-AS1), microRNA let-7 g-5p, and high-mobility group A1 (HMGA1) proteins in CHOL. Our results, through quantitative real-time PCR and Western blot detection, showed that TMPO-AS1 and HMGA1 were overexpressed while let-7 g-5p was underexpressed in CHOL. Cell function experiments in CHOL cells revealed that TMPO-AS1 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation, colony formation, and cell migration, but induced apoptosis. TMPO-AS1 knockdown also suppressed tumor growth in vivo. Together with luciferase assay and Western blotting, we found that TMPO-AS1 could sponge let-7 g-5p to promote HMGA1 expression. Moreover, HMGA1 overexpression attenuated the effect of TMPO-AS1 downregulation in CHOL cells. Overall, our findings identified the oncogenic effect of TMPO-AS1 on CHOL cells, which may put forward a novel methodology for CHOL diagnosis and therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbin Chang
- Department of General Surgery, Hanyang Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of General Surgery, Wuhan Hanyang Hospital, Wuhan, China
| | - Yixin Yao
- Department of General Surgery, Hanyang Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Department of General Surgery, Wuhan Hanyang Hospital, Wuhan, China
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Song J, Cui D, Wang J, Qin J, Wang S, Wang Z, Zhai X, Ma H, Ma D, Liu Y, Jin B, Liu Z. Overexpression of HMGA1 confers radioresistance by transactivating RAD51 in cholangiocarcinoma. Cell Death Discov 2021; 7:322. [PMID: 34716319 PMCID: PMC8556338 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-021-00721-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinomas (CCAs) are rare but aggressive tumors of the bile ducts. CCAs are often diagnosed at an advanced stage and respond poorly to current conventional radiotherapy and chemotherapy. High mobility group A1 (HMGA1) is an architectural transcription factor that is overexpressed in multiple malignant tumors. In this study, we showed that the expression of HMGA1 is frequently elevated in CCAs and that the high expression of this gene is associated with a poor prognosis. Functionally, HMGA1 promotes CCA cell proliferation/invasion and xenograft tumor growth. Furthermore, HMGA1 transcriptionally activates RAD51 by binding to its promoter through two HMGA1 response elements. Notably, overexpression of HMGA1 promotes radioresistance whereas its knockdown causes radiosensitivity of CCA cells to X-ray irradiation. Moreover, rescue experiments reveal that inhibition of RAD51 reverses the effect of HMGA1 on radioresistance and proliferation/invasion. These findings suggest that HMGA1 functions as a novel regulator of RAD51 and confers radioresistance in cholangiocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianping Song
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, 250012, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.,Department of Organ Transplantation, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, 250012, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Donghai Cui
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, 250012, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Jing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, 250012, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Junchao Qin
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, 250012, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Shourong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, 250012, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Zixiang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, 250012, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Xiangyu Zhai
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, 250012, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Huan Ma
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, 250012, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Delin Ma
- Department of Organ Transplantation, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, 250012, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Yanfeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, 250012, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Bin Jin
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, 250012, Jinan, Shandong Province, China. .,Department of Organ Transplantation, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, 250012, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.
| | - Zhaojian Liu
- Key Laboratory of Experimental Teratology, Ministry of Education, Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 Wenhua Xi Road, 250012, Jinan, Shandong Province, China.
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6
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Yan G, Yan S, Wang J, Lei S, Tian W, Yue X, Zhang Y. MicroRNA-296-5p inhibits cell proliferation by targeting HMGA1 in colorectal cancer. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:793. [PMID: 34093749 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Accepted: 11/08/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
An increasing body of evidence indicates the involvement of microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) in the initiation and progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). miR-296-5p was recently identified as a tumor suppressor in a variety of human cancer types; however, its function in CRC remains largely unknown. The present study demonstrated that the expression of miR-296-5p was significantly downregulated in CRC tissues and cell lines. The overexpression of miR-296-5p markedly inhibited proliferation, and induced cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in CRC cells. Bioinformatics analysis suggested that high mobility group AT-hook 1 (HMGA1) may be a target of miR-296-5p in CRC cells. Further experiments showed that miR-296-5p bound the 3'-untranslated region of HMGA1 and decreased its expression in CRC cells. HMGA1 was overexpressed in CRC tissues and was inversely correlated with the expression of miR-296-5p. The restoration of HMGA1 significantly reversed the inhibitory effect of miR-296-5p on the proliferation of CRC cells. Overall, the findings of the present study indicate that miR-296-5p suppressed the progression of CRC, at least partially via targeting HMGA1. Thus, miR-296-5p is a potential target for novel therapies in CRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guohui Yan
- The Medical Department of the Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361000, P.R. China.,The Medical Department of the Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350000, P.R. China.,Department of Ultrasound, Zhongshan Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - Shuidi Yan
- Center of Clinical Laboratory, Zhongshan Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- Center of Clinical Laboratory, Zhongshan Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - Shen Lei
- The Medical Department of the Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350000, P.R. China
| | - Weimin Tian
- Department of Paediatrics, Zhongshan Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - Xin Yue
- Department of Imaging, Zhongshan Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
| | - Yang Zhang
- The Medical Department of the Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361000, P.R. China.,The Medical Department of the Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350000, P.R. China.,Center of Clinical Laboratory, Zhongshan Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361004, P.R. China
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7
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Novel Pharmacological Options in the Treatment of Cholangiocarcinoma: Mechanisms of Resistance. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13102358. [PMID: 34068398 PMCID: PMC8153564 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13102358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cholangiocarcinoma, a tumor derived from epithelial cells of the biliary tree, is characterized by a dismal prognosis. Its late diagnosis, which makes surgical resection not an option for most patients, and its marked refractoriness to standard chemotherapy, justify its high position in the rank of the most lethal cancers. Identifying specific druggable genetic alterations constitutes a promising alternative for the use of personalized targeted anticancer agents, and immunotherapy, or drugs able to interact with proteins involved in the crosstalk between cancer and immune cells, could also be an option in the future. However, it has also been observed that some patients fail to respond to these new therapies or after an initial response, the disease progresses. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms of pharmacoresistance is of utmost importance to design more effective treatments. Abstract Despite the crucial advances in understanding the biology of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) achieved during the last decade, very little of this knowledge has been translated into clinical practice. Thus, CCA prognosis is among the most dismal of solid tumors. The reason is the frequent late diagnosis of this form of cancer, which makes surgical removal of the tumor impossible, together with the poor response to standard chemotherapy and targeted therapy with inhibitors of tyrosine kinase receptors. The discovery of genetic alterations with an impact on the malignant characteristics of CCA, such as proliferation, invasiveness, and the ability to generate metastases, has led to envisage to treat these patients with selective inhibitors of mutated proteins. Moreover, the hope of developing new tools to improve the dismal outcome of patients with advanced CCA also includes the use of small molecules and antibodies able to interact with proteins involved in the crosstalk between cancer and immune cells with the aim of enhancing the immune system’s attack against the tumor. The lack of effect of these new therapies in some patients with CCA is associated with the ability of tumor cells to continuously adapt to the pharmacological pressure by developing different mechanisms of resistance. However, the available information about these mechanisms for the new drugs and how they evolve is still limited.
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Qiao GB, Wang RT, Wang SN, Tao SL, Tan QY, Jin H. GRP75-mediated upregulation of HMGA1 stimulates stage I lung adenocarcinoma progression by activating JNK/c-JUN signaling. Thorac Cancer 2021; 12:1558-1569. [PMID: 33755320 PMCID: PMC8107037 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.13944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Recurrence is a major challenge in early‐stage lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) treatment. Here, we investigated the role and mechanism of high‐mobility group AT‐hook 1 (HMGA1) and glucose‐regulated protein 75‐kDa (GRP75) in stage I LUAD and evaluated their potential as biomarkers for predicting the recurrence and prognosis of stage I LUAD. Methods The TCGA dataset was used to investigate the clinical significance of HMGA1 and GRP75 in early‐stage LUAD. The biological functions of HMGA1 and GRP75 in LUAD were investigated both in vitro and in vivo through overexpression and knockdown experiments. The interaction and regulation between HMGA1 and GRP75 were evaluated with coimmunoprecipitation and ubiquitination assays. The downstream signaling pathway of the GRP75/HMGA1 axis was investigated by mRNA‐sequencing analysis. Results Both HMGA1 expression levels and GRP75 expression levels were associated with recurrence in stage I LUAD patients. In particular, HMGA1 had potential as an independent prognostic factor in stage I LUAD patients. Overexpression of GRP75 or HMGA1 significantly stimulated LUAD cell growth and metastasis, while silencing GRP75 or HMGA1 inhibited LUAD cell growth and metastasis in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, GRP75 inhibited ubiquitination‐mediated HMGA1 degradation by directly binding to HMGA1, thereby causes HMGA1 upregulation in LUAD. In addition, the GRP75/HMGA1 axis played its role by activating JNK/c‐JUN signaling in LUAD. Conclusions The activation of GRP75/HMGA1/JNK/c‐JUN signaling is an important mechanism that promotes the progression of stage I LUAD, and a high level of HMGA1 is a novel biomarker for predicting recurrence and a poor prognosis in stage I LUAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Bing Qiao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ren-Tao Wang
- College of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Shu-Nan Wang
- Department of Radiology, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shao-Lin Tao
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qun-You Tan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Hua Jin
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Daping Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Li Z, Liu J, Chen T, Sun R, Liu Z, Qiu B, Xu Y, Zhang Z. HMGA1-TRIP13 axis promotes stemness and epithelial mesenchymal transition of perihilar cholangiocarcinoma in a positive feedback loop dependent on c-Myc. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL & CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH : CR 2021; 40:86. [PMID: 33648560 PMCID: PMC7923631 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-021-01890-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Background Cholangiocarcinoma is a highly malignant cancer with very dismal prognosis. Perihilar cholangiocarcinoma(pCCA) accounts for more than 50% of all cholangiocarcinoma and is well-characterized for its low rate of radical resection. Effects of radiotherapy and chemotherapy of pCCA are very limited. Methods Here we screened potential biomarkers of pCCA with transcriptome sequencing and evaluated the prognostic significance of HMGA1 in a large cohort pCCA consisting of 106 patients. With bioinformatics and in vitro/vivo experiments, we showed that HMGA1 induced tumor cell stemness and epithelial-mesenchymal-transition (EMT), and thus facilitated proliferation, migration and invasion by promoting TRIP13 transcription. Moreover, TRIP13 was also an unfavorable prognostic biomarker of pCCA, and double high expression of HMGA1/TRIP13 could predict prognosis more sensitively. TRIP13 promoted pCCA progression by suppressing FBXW7 transcription and stabilizing c-Myc. c-Myc in turn induced the transcription and expression of both HMGA1 and TRIP13, indicating that HMGA-TRIP13 axis facilitated pCCA stemness and EMT in a positive feedback pathway. Conclusions HMGA1 and TRIP13 were unfavorable prognostic biomarkers of pCCA. HMGA1 enhanced pCCA proliferation, migration, invasion, stemness and EMT, by inducing TRIP13 expression, suppressing FBXW7 expression and stabilizing c-Myc. Moreover, c-Myc can induce the transcription of HMGA1 and TRIP13, suggesting that HMGA-TRIP13 axis promoted EMT and stemness in a positive feedback pathway dependent on c-Myc. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-021-01890-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Li
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.,Department of General Surgery, Shandong Second Provincial General Hospital, Shandong Provincial ENT Hospital, Jinan, China
| | - Jialiang Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Tianli Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Rongqi Sun
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Zengli Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Bo Qiu
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China
| | - Yunfei Xu
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
| | - Zongli Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, 107 Wenhuaxi Road, Jinan, 250012, Shandong, China.
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Pegoraro S, Ros G, Sgubin M, Petrosino S, Zambelli A, Sgarra R, Manfioletti G. Targeting the intrinsically disordered architectural High Mobility Group A (HMGA) oncoproteins in breast cancer: learning from the past to design future strategies. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2020; 24:953-969. [PMID: 32970506 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2020.1814738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most difficult breast cancer subtype to treat because of its heterogeneity and lack of specific therapeutic targets. High Mobility Group A (HMGA) proteins are chromatin architectural factors that have multiple oncogenic functions in breast cancer, and they represent promising molecular therapeutic targets for this disease. AREAS COVERED We offer an overview of the strategies that have been exploited to counteract HMGA oncoprotein activities at the transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. We also present the possibility of targeting cancer-associated factors that lie downstream of HMGA proteins and discuss the contribution of HMGA proteins to chemoresistance. EXPERT OPINION Different strategies have been exploited to counteract HMGA protein activities; these involve interfering with their nucleic acid binding properties and the blocking of HMGA expression. Some approaches have provided promising results. However, some unique characteristics of the HMGA proteins have not been exploited; these include their extensive protein-protein interaction network and their intrinsically disordered status that present the possibility that HMGA proteins could be involved in the formation of proteinaceous membrane-less organelles (PMLO) by liquid-liquid phase separation. These unexplored characteristics could open new pharmacological avenues to counteract the oncogenic contributions of HMGA proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Pegoraro
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste , Trieste, Italy
| | - Gloria Ros
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste , Trieste, Italy
| | - Michela Sgubin
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste , Trieste, Italy
| | - Sara Petrosino
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste , Trieste, Italy
| | | | - Riccardo Sgarra
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste , Trieste, Italy
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Banales JM, Marin JJG, Lamarca A, Rodrigues PM, Khan SA, Roberts LR, Cardinale V, Carpino G, Andersen JB, Braconi C, Calvisi DF, Perugorria MJ, Fabris L, Boulter L, Macias RIR, Gaudio E, Alvaro D, Gradilone SA, Strazzabosco M, Marzioni M, Coulouarn C, Fouassier L, Raggi C, Invernizzi P, Mertens JC, Moncsek A, Ilyas SI, Heimbach J, Koerkamp BG, Bruix J, Forner A, Bridgewater J, Valle JW, Gores GJ. Cholangiocarcinoma 2020: the next horizon in mechanisms and management. Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2020; 17:557-588. [PMID: 32606456 PMCID: PMC7447603 DOI: 10.1038/s41575-020-0310-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1102] [Impact Index Per Article: 275.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/29/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) includes a cluster of highly heterogeneous biliary malignant tumours that can arise at any point of the biliary tree. Their incidence is increasing globally, currently accounting for ~15% of all primary liver cancers and ~3% of gastrointestinal malignancies. The silent presentation of these tumours combined with their highly aggressive nature and refractoriness to chemotherapy contribute to their alarming mortality, representing ~2% of all cancer-related deaths worldwide yearly. The current diagnosis of CCA by non-invasive approaches is not accurate enough, and histological confirmation is necessary. Furthermore, the high heterogeneity of CCAs at the genomic, epigenetic and molecular levels severely compromises the efficacy of the available therapies. In the past decade, increasing efforts have been made to understand the complexity of these tumours and to develop new diagnostic tools and therapies that might help to improve patient outcomes. In this expert Consensus Statement, which is endorsed by the European Network for the Study of Cholangiocarcinoma, we aim to summarize and critically discuss the latest advances in CCA, mostly focusing on classification, cells of origin, genetic and epigenetic abnormalities, molecular alterations, biomarker discovery and treatments. Furthermore, the horizon of CCA for the next decade from 2020 onwards is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesus M Banales
- Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Biodonostia Health Research Institute - Donostia University Hospital, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Spain.
- National Institute for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd, "Instituto de Salud Carlos III"), San Sebastian, Spain.
- Ikerbasque, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain.
| | - Jose J G Marin
- National Institute for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd, "Instituto de Salud Carlos III"), San Sebastian, Spain
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEFARM), IBSAL, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Angela Lamarca
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Pedro M Rodrigues
- Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Biodonostia Health Research Institute - Donostia University Hospital, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Shahid A Khan
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK
| | - Lewis R Roberts
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Vincenzo Cardinale
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Guido Carpino
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, University of Rome "Foro Italico", Rome, Italy
| | - Jesper B Andersen
- Biotech Research and Innovation Centre (BRIC), Department of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Chiara Braconi
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Diego F Calvisi
- Institute of Pathology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Maria J Perugorria
- Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Biodonostia Health Research Institute - Donostia University Hospital, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Spain
- National Institute for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd, "Instituto de Salud Carlos III"), San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Luca Fabris
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua School of Medicine, Padua, Italy
- Digestive Disease Section, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Luke Boulter
- MRC-Human Genetics Unit, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Rocio I R Macias
- National Institute for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd, "Instituto de Salud Carlos III"), San Sebastian, Spain
- Experimental Hepatology and Drug Targeting (HEVEFARM), IBSAL, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Eugenio Gaudio
- Division of Human Anatomy, Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedics Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | - Domenico Alvaro
- Department of Medicine and Medical Specialties, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
| | | | - Mario Strazzabosco
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua School of Medicine, Padua, Italy
- Digestive Disease Section, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Marco Marzioni
- Clinic of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Universita Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy
| | | | - Laura Fouassier
- Sorbonne Université, INSERM, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), Paris, France
| | - Chiara Raggi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Pietro Invernizzi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Center of Autoimmune Liver Diseases, Department of Medicine and Surgery, San Gerardo Hospital, University of Milano, Bicocca, Italy
| | - Joachim C Mertens
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Anja Moncsek
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Sumera I. Ilyas
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | | | - Jordi Bruix
- National Institute for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd, "Instituto de Salud Carlos III"), San Sebastian, Spain
- Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) group, Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomédica (FCRB), IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alejandro Forner
- National Institute for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd, "Instituto de Salud Carlos III"), San Sebastian, Spain
- Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer (BCLC) group, Liver Unit, Hospital Clínic of Barcelona, Fundació Clínic per a la Recerca Biomédica (FCRB), IDIBAPS, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - John Bridgewater
- Department of Medical Oncology, UCL Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Juan W Valle
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Gregory J Gores
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine and Science, Rochester, MN, USA
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12
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Marin JJG, Prete MG, Lamarca A, Tavolari S, Landa-Magdalena A, Brandi G, Segatto O, Vogel A, Macias RIR, Rodrigues PM, Casta AL, Mertens J, Rodrigues CMP, Fernandez-Barrena MG, Da Silva Ruivo A, Marzioni M, Mentrasti G, Acedo P, Munoz-Garrido P, Cardinale V, Banales JM, Valle JW, Bridgewater J, Braconi C. Current and novel therapeutic opportunities for systemic therapy in biliary cancer. Br J Cancer 2020; 123:1047-1059. [PMID: 32694694 PMCID: PMC7525457 DOI: 10.1038/s41416-020-0987-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Biliary tract cancers (BTCs) are a group of rare and aggressive malignancies that arise in the biliary tree within and outside the liver. Beyond surgical resection, which is beneficial for only a small proportion of patients, current strategies for treating patients with BTCs include chemotherapy, as a single agent or combination regimens, in the adjuvant and palliative setting. Increased characterisation of the molecular landscape of these tumours has facilitated the identification of molecular vulnerabilities, such as IDH mutations and FGFR fusions, that can be exploited for the treatment of BTC patients. Beyond targeted therapies, active research avenues explore the development of novel therapeutics that target the crosstalk between cancer and stroma, the cellular pathways involved in the regulation of cell death, the chemoresistance phenotype and the dysregulation of RNA. In this review, we discuss the therapeutic opportunities currently available in the management of BTC patients, and explore the strategies that can support the implementation of precision oncology in BTCs, including novel molecular targets, liquid biopsies and patient-derived predictive tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- José J G Marin
- IBSAL, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- National Institute for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Health Institute, Madrid, ES, Spain
| | - Maria Giuseppina Prete
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
- Medical Oncology and Hematology Unit, Humanitas Clinical and Research Center - IRCCS -, Rozzano (MI), Italy
| | - Angela Lamarca
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | - Simona Tavolari
- Medical Oncology Unit, S. Orsola-Malpighi University Hospital, Bologna, Italy
| | - Ana Landa-Magdalena
- Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Donostia University Hospital, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Giovanni Brandi
- Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine (DIMES), Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Oreste Segatto
- Unit of Oncogenomics and Epigenetics, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy
| | - Arndt Vogel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Rocío I R Macias
- IBSAL, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
- National Institute for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Health Institute, Madrid, ES, Spain
| | - Pedro M Rodrigues
- Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Donostia University Hospital, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Adelaida La Casta
- Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Donostia University Hospital, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Spain
| | - Joachim Mertens
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Cecilia M P Rodrigues
- Research Insitute for Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | | | | | - Marco Marzioni
- Università Politecnica delle Marche/Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, Ancona, Italy
| | - Giulia Mentrasti
- Università Politecnica delle Marche/Ospedali Riuniti di Ancona, Ancona, Italy
| | - Pilar Acedo
- Institute for Liver and Digestive Health, University College London, London, UK
| | - Patricia Munoz-Garrido
- Biotech Research & Innovation Centre (BRIC), University of Copenhaghen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Jesus M Banales
- National Institute for the Study of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases (CIBERehd), Carlos III National Health Institute, Madrid, ES, Spain
- Department of Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases, Biodonostia Health Research Institute, Donostia University Hospital, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), San Sebastian, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Juan W Valle
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Christie NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester, UK
- Division of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Chiara Braconi
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
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13
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Wang Y, Hu L, Zheng Y, Guo L. HMGA1 in cancer: Cancer classification by location. J Cell Mol Med 2019; 23:2293-2302. [PMID: 30614613 PMCID: PMC6433663 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.14082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The high mobility group A1 (HMGA1) gene plays an important role in numerous malignant cancers. HMGA1 is an oncofoetal gene, and we have a certain understanding of the biological function of HMGA1 based on its activities in various neoplasms. As an architectural transcription factor, HMGA1 remodels the chromatin structure and promotes the interaction between transcriptional regulatory proteins and DNA in different cancers. Through analysis of the molecular mechanism of HMGA1 and clinical studies, emerging evidence indicates that HMGA1 promotes the occurrence and metastasis of cancer. Within a similar location or the same genetic background, the function and role of HMGA1 may have certain similarities. In this paper, to characterize HMGA1 comprehensively, research on various types of tumours is discussed to further understanding of the function and mechanism of HMGA1. The findings provide a more reliable basis for classifying HMGA1 function according to the tumour location. In this review, we summarize recent studies related to HMGA1, including its structure and oncogenic properties, its major functions in each cancer, its upstream and downstream regulation associated with the tumourigenesis and metastasis of cancer, and its potential as a biomarker for clinical diagnosis of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Wang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Department of Pathology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lin Hu
- Institutes of Biology and Medical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yushuang Zheng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Department of Pathology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lingchuan Guo
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University Department of Pathology, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
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14
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Yu W, Xiang Y, Luo G, Zhao X, Xiao B, Cheng Y, Feng C, Duan C, Xia X, Wong VKW, Dai R. Salubrinal Enhances Doxorubicin Sensitivity in Human Cholangiocarcinoma Cells Through Promoting DNA Damage. Cancer Biother Radiopharm 2018; 33:258-265. [PMID: 29957018 DOI: 10.1089/cbr.2018.2447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) is a highly malignant and aggressive tumor of the bile duct that arises from epithelial cells. Chemotherapy is an important treatment strategy for CCA patients, but its efficacy remains limited due to drug resistance. Salubrinal, an inhibitor of eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2 alpha (eIF2α), has been reported to affect antitumor activities in cancer chemotherapy. In this study, the authors investigated the effect of salubrinal on the chemosensitivity of doxorubicin in CCA cells. They showed that doxorubicin induces CCA cell death in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Doxorubicin triggers reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and induces DNA damage in CCA cells. In addition, ROS inhibitor N-acetylcysteine (NAC) pretreatment inhibits doxorubicin-induced CCA cell death. Importantly, these data demonstrate a synergistic death induction effect contributed by the combination of salubrinal and doxorubicin in CCA cells. It is notable that salubrinal promotes doxorubicin-induced ROS production and DNA damage in CCA cells. Taken together, these data suggest that salubrinal enhances the sensitivity of doxorubicin in CCA cells through promoting ROS-mediated DNA damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjing Yu
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology , Taipei, China .,2 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Southwest Medical University , Luzhou, China
| | - Yuancai Xiang
- 2 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Southwest Medical University , Luzhou, China
| | - Guosong Luo
- 3 Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery of the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University , Luzhou, China
| | - Xiaofang Zhao
- 2 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Southwest Medical University , Luzhou, China
| | - Bin Xiao
- 2 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Southwest Medical University , Luzhou, China
| | - Ying Cheng
- 2 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Southwest Medical University , Luzhou, China
| | - Chunhong Feng
- 3 Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery of the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University , Luzhou, China
| | - Chunyan Duan
- 2 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Southwest Medical University , Luzhou, China
| | - Xianming Xia
- 3 Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery of the Affiliated Hospital, Southwest Medical University , Luzhou, China
| | - Vincent Kam Wai Wong
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology , Taipei, China
| | - Rongyang Dai
- 1 State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology , Taipei, China .,2 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Southwest Medical University , Luzhou, China
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15
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Zhao C, Li Y, Zhang W, Zhao D, Ma L, Ma P, Yang F, Wang Y, Shu Y, Qiu W. IL‑17 induces NSCLC A549 cell proliferation via the upregulation of HMGA1, resulting in an increased cyclin D1 expression. Int J Oncol 2018; 52:1579-1592. [PMID: 29512693 DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2018.4307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is considered to be an inflammation-associated carcinoma. Although interleukin‑17 (IL‑17) production contributes to the proliferation and growth of NSCLC, the mechanisms underlying IL‑17-induced NSCLC cell proliferation have not been fully elucidated. In the present study, by using ELISA and immunohistochemical analyses, we first found that the expression levels of IL‑17, IL‑17 receptor (IL‑17R), high-mobility group A1 (HMGA1) and cyclin D1 were elevated in the samples of patients with NSCLC. Subsequently, by RT-qPCR, western blot analysis and cell proliferation assay in vitro, we revealed that stimulation with recombinant human IL‑17 (namely IL‑17A) markedly induced the expression of HMGA1 and cyclin D1 in the A549 cells (a human lung adenocarcinoma cell line) and promoted cell proliferation. Furthermore, luciferase reporter and ChIP assays confirmed that upregulated HMGA1 directly bound to the cyclin D1 gene promoter and activated its transcription. Notably, the response element of HMGA1 binding to the cyclin D1 promoter was disclosed for the first time, at least to the best of our knowledge. Taken together, our findings indicate that the IL‑17/HMGA1/cyclin D1 axis plays an important role in NSCLC cell proliferation and may provide new insight into NSCLC pathogenesis and may thus aid in the development of novel therapeutic targets for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenhui Zhao
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Yongting Li
- Department of Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, P.R. China
| | - Weiming Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Dan Zhao
- Department of Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, P.R. China
| | - Ling Ma
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Pei Ma
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Fengming Yang
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Yingwei Wang
- Department of Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, P.R. China
| | - Yongqian Shu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210009, P.R. China
| | - Wen Qiu
- Department of Immunology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211166, P.R. China
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16
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Zhang H, Yang J, Walters MS, Staudt MR, Strulovici-Barel Y, Salit J, Mezey JG, Leopold PL, Crystal RG. Mandatory role of HMGA1 in human airway epithelial normal differentiation and post-injury regeneration. Oncotarget 2018; 9:14324-14337. [PMID: 29581847 PMCID: PMC5865673 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.24511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 01/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to high levels of expression in aggressive tumors, high mobility group AT-hook 1 (HMGA1) has recently attracted attention as a potential anti-tumor target. However, HMGA1 is also expressed in normal somatic progenitor cells, raising the question: how might systemic anti-HMGA1 therapies affect the structure and function of normal tissue differentiation? In the present study, RNA sequencing data demonstrated HMGA1 is highly expressed in human airway basal stem/progenitor cells (BC), but decreases with BC differentiation in air-liquid interface cultures (ALI). BC collected from nonsmokers, healthy smokers, and smokers with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) displayed a range of HMGA1 expression levels. Low initial expression levels of HMGA1 in BC were associated with decreased ability to maintain a differentiated ALI epithelium. HMGA1 down-regulation in BC diminished BC proliferation, suppressed gene expression related to normal proliferation and differentiation, decreased airway epithelial resistance, suppressed junctional and cell polarity gene expression, and delayed wound closure of airway epithelium following injury. Furthermore, silencing of HMGA1 in airway BC in ALI increased the expression of genes associated with airway remodeling in COPD including squamous, epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and inflammatory genes. Together, the data suggests HMGA1 plays a central role in normal airway differentiation, and thus caution should be used to monitor airway epithelial structure and function in the context of systemic HMGA1-targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijun Zhang
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matthew S Walters
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Michelle R Staudt
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Jacqueline Salit
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jason G Mezey
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Biological Statistics and Computational Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Philip L Leopold
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ronald G Crystal
- Department of Genetic Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
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