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Stinnett GS, Kuo CH, Ono SJ. Impact of inflammasomes on the ocular surface. Curr Opin Allergy Clin Immunol 2024; 24:368-374. [PMID: 38900843 PMCID: PMC11356675 DOI: 10.1097/aci.0000000000001004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The ocular surface is prone to inflammation due to exposure to environmental irritants and pathogens. Inflammasomes are intracellular, multiprotein complexes that communicate potentially dangerous signals to the immune system. The identification of inflammasomes in various inflammatory ocular surface conditions can aid in the development of therapeutics to treat these chronic inflammatory conditions. RECENT FINDINGS Several inflammasomes have been associated with ocular surface disorders including dry eye disease, keratitis, and allergies. Mechanisms for activation of these inflammasomes with regards to specific disorders have been explored in models to aid in the development of targeted treatments. SUMMARY Research efforts continue to characterize the types of inflammasomes and activators of these in inflammatory ocular surface conditions. Various therapies targeting specific inflammasome types or pyroptosis are being tested preclinically to assess effects on decreasing the associated chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gwen S. Stinnett
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kellogg Eye Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Chuan-Hui Kuo
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Eye Care Centre, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Santa J. Ono
- Departments of Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Microbiology & Immunology and Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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Zhang Z, Wu H, Yin K, Zheng X, Cao Z, Guo W, Zhao C, Gu X. Design, Synthesis, and Bioevaluation of Novel NLRP3 Inhibitor with IBD Immunotherapy from the Virtual Screen. J Med Chem 2024; 67:16612-16634. [PMID: 39269610 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c01445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/15/2024]
Abstract
NLRP3, a crucial member of the NLRP family, plays a pivotal role in immune regulation and inflammatory modulation. Here, we report a potent and specific NLRP3 inhibitor Z48 obtained though docking-based virtual screening and structure-activity relationship studies with an IC50 of 0.26 μM in THP-1 cells and 0.21 μM in mouse bone marrow-derived macrophages. Mechanistic studies indicated that Z48 could bind directly to the NLRP3 protein (KD = 1.05 μM), effectively blocking the assembly and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome, consequently manifesting anti-inflammatory properties. Crucially, with acceptable mouse pharmacokinetic profiles, Z48 demonstrated notable therapeutic efficacy in a mouse model of DSS-induced ulcerative colitis, while displaying no significant therapeutic impact on NLRP3KO mice. In conclusion, this study provided a promising NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor with novel molecular scaffold, poised for further development as a therapeutic candidate in the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwen Zhang
- School of Pharmacy & Minhang Hospitol, Fudan University, Shanghai 201301, China
| | - Hongyu Wu
- School of Pharmacy & Minhang Hospitol, Fudan University, Shanghai 201301, China
| | - Kai Yin
- School of Pharmacy & Minhang Hospitol, Fudan University, Shanghai 201301, China
| | - Xinru Zheng
- School of Pharmacy & Minhang Hospitol, Fudan University, Shanghai 201301, China
| | - Zhonglian Cao
- Department of Biopharmaceuticals, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201301, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 201301, China
| | - Chunchang Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Institute of Fine Chemicals, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China
| | - Xianfeng Gu
- School of Pharmacy & Minhang Hospitol, Fudan University, Shanghai 201301, China
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Prud’homme GJ, Wang Q. Anti-Inflammatory Role of the Klotho Protein and Relevance to Aging. Cells 2024; 13:1413. [PMID: 39272986 PMCID: PMC11394293 DOI: 10.3390/cells13171413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2024] [Revised: 08/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/23/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
The α-Klotho protein (hereafter Klotho) is an obligate coreceptor for fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23). It is produced in the kidneys, brain and other sites. Klotho insufficiency causes hyperphosphatemia and other anomalies. Importantly, it is associated with chronic pathologies (often age-related) that have an inflammatory component. This includes atherosclerosis, diabetes and Alzheimer's disease. Its mode of action in these diseases is not well understood, but it inhibits or regulates multiple major pathways. Klotho has a membrane form and a soluble form (s-Klotho). Cytosolic Klotho is postulated but not well characterized. s-Klotho has endocrine properties that are incompletely elucidated. It binds to the FGF receptor 1c (FGFR1c) that is widely expressed (including endothelial cells). It also attaches to soluble FGF23, and FGF23/Klotho binds to FGFRs. Thus, s-Klotho might be a roaming FGF23 coreceptor, but it has other functions. Notably, Klotho (cell-bound or soluble) counteracts inflammation and appears to mitigate related aging (inflammaging). It inhibits NF-κB and the NLRP3 inflammasome. This inflammasome requires priming by NF-κB and produces active IL-1β, membrane pores and cell death (pyroptosis). In accord, Klotho countered inflammation and cell injury induced by toxins, damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs), cytokines, and reactive oxygen species (ROS). s-Klotho also blocks the TGF-β receptor and Wnt ligands, which lessens fibrotic disease. Low Klotho is associated with loss of muscle mass (sarcopenia), as occurs in aging and chronic diseases. s-Klotho counters the inhibitory effects of myostatin and TGF-β on muscle, reduces inflammation, and improves muscle repair following injury. The inhibition of TGF-β and other factors may also be protective in diabetic retinopathy and age-related macular degeneration (AMD). This review examines Klotho functions especially as related to inflammation and potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gérald J. Prud’homme
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, 220 Walmer Rd, Toronto, ON M5R 3R7, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Keenan Research Centre for Biomedical Science, Unity Health Toronto, Toronto, ON M5B 1W8, Canada
| | - Qinghua Wang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical School, Fudan University, Shanghai 200030, China
- Shanghai Innogen Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Shanghai 201318, China
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Liu X, Zhou Q, Meng J, Zuo H, Li R, Zhang R, Lu H, Zhang Z, Li H, Zeng S, Tian M, Wang H, Hu K, Li N, Mao L, Hou S. Autophagy-mediated activation of the AIM2 inflammasome enhances M1 polarization of microglia and exacerbates retinal neovascularization. MedComm (Beijing) 2024; 5:e668. [PMID: 39081514 PMCID: PMC11286542 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a retinal neovascularization (RNV) disease that is characterized by abnormal blood vessel development in the retina. Importantly, the etiology of ROP remains understudied. We re-analyzed previously published single-cell data and discovered a strong correlation between microglia and RNV diseases, particularly ROP. Subsequently, we found that reactive oxygen species reduced autophagy-dependent protein degradation of absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2) in hypoxic BV2 cells, leading to increased AIM2 protein accumulation. Furthermore, we engineered AIM2 knockout mice and observed that the RNV was significantly reduced compared to wild-type mice. In vitro vascular function assays also demonstrated diminished angiogenic capabilities following AIM2 knockdown in hypoxic BV2 cells. Mechanistically, AIM2 enhanced the M1-type polarization of microglia via the ASC/CASP1/IL-1β pathway, resulting in RNV. Notably, the administration of recombinant protein IL-1β exacerbated angiogenesis, while its inhibition ameliorated the condition. Taken together, our study provides a novel therapeutic target for ROP and offers insight into the interaction between pyroptosis and autophagy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianyang Liu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of OphthalmologyChongqingChina
| | - Qian Zhou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of OphthalmologyChongqingChina
| | - Jiayu Meng
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene StudySichuan Provincial People's HospitalUniversity of Electronic Science and Technology of ChinaChengduChina
| | - Hangjia Zuo
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of OphthalmologyChongqingChina
| | - Ruonan Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of OphthalmologyChongqingChina
| | - Rui Zhang
- Department of OphthalmologyQilu HospitalCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinanChina
| | - Huiping Lu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of OphthalmologyChongqingChina
| | - Zhi Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of OphthalmologyChongqingChina
| | - Hongshun Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of OphthalmologyChongqingChina
| | - Shuhao Zeng
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of OphthalmologyChongqingChina
| | - Meng Tian
- Beijing Institute of OphthalmologyBeijing Tongren Eye CenterBeijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key LaboratoryBeijing Tongren HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Hong Wang
- Beijing Institute of OphthalmologyBeijing Tongren Eye CenterBeijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key LaboratoryBeijing Tongren HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Ke Hu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of OphthalmologyChongqingChina
| | - Na Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Beijing Tongren HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Liming Mao
- Department of ImmunologySchool of MedicineNantong UniversityNantongChina
| | - Shengping Hou
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina
- Beijing Institute of OphthalmologyBeijing Tongren Eye CenterBeijing Ophthalmology & Visual Sciences Key LaboratoryBeijing Tongren HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
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Caproni A, Nordi C, Fontana R, Facchini M, Melija S, Pappadà M, Buratto M, Marconi P. Herpes Simplex Virus ICP27 Protein Inhibits AIM 2-Dependent Inflammasome Influencing Pro-Inflammatory Cytokines Release in Human Pigment Epithelial Cells (hTert-RPE 1). Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4608. [PMID: 38731826 PMCID: PMC11083950 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25094608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Although Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) has been deeply studied, significant gaps remain in the fundamental understanding of HSV-host interactions: our work focused on studying the Infected Cell Protein 27 (ICP27) as an inhibitor of the Absent-in-melanoma-2 (AIM 2) inflammasome pathway, leading to reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines that influence the activation of a protective innate immune response to infection. To assess the inhibition of the inflammasome by the ICP27, hTert-immortalized Retinal Pigment Epithelial cells (hTert-RPE 1) infected with HSV-1 wild type were compared to HSV-1 lacking functional ICP27 (HSV-1∆ICP27) infected cells. The activation of the inflammasome by HSV-1∆ICP27 was demonstrated by quantifying the gene and protein expression of the inflammasome constituents using real-time PCR and Western blot. The detection of the cleavage of the pro-caspase-1 into the active form was performed by using a bioluminescent assay, while the quantification of interleukins 1β (IL-1β) and 18 (IL-18)released in the supernatant was quantified using an ELISA assay. The data showed that the presence of the ICP27 expressed by HSV-1 induces, in contrast to HSV-1∆ICP27 vector, a significant downregulation of AIM 2 inflammasome constituent proteins and, consequently, the release of pro-inflammatory interleukins into the extracellular environment reducing an effective response in counteracting infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Caproni
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (A.C.); (C.N.); (R.F.); (M.F.); (S.M.); (M.P.); (M.B.)
| | - Chiara Nordi
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (A.C.); (C.N.); (R.F.); (M.F.); (S.M.); (M.P.); (M.B.)
| | - Riccardo Fontana
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (A.C.); (C.N.); (R.F.); (M.F.); (S.M.); (M.P.); (M.B.)
| | - Martina Facchini
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (A.C.); (C.N.); (R.F.); (M.F.); (S.M.); (M.P.); (M.B.)
| | - Sara Melija
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (A.C.); (C.N.); (R.F.); (M.F.); (S.M.); (M.P.); (M.B.)
| | - Mariangela Pappadà
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (A.C.); (C.N.); (R.F.); (M.F.); (S.M.); (M.P.); (M.B.)
| | - Mattia Buratto
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (A.C.); (C.N.); (R.F.); (M.F.); (S.M.); (M.P.); (M.B.)
| | - Peggy Marconi
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (A.C.); (C.N.); (R.F.); (M.F.); (S.M.); (M.P.); (M.B.)
- LTTA Laboratory for Advanced Therapies, Technopole of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
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Pulito-Cueto V, Sebastián Mora-Gil M, Ferrer-Pargada D, Remuzgo-Martínez S, Genre F, Lera-Gómez L, Alonso-Lecue P, Batista-Liz JC, Tello-Mena S, Abascal-Bolado B, Izquierdo S, Ruiz-Cubillán JJ, Armiñanzas-Castillo C, Blanco R, González-Gay MA, López-Mejías R, Cifrián JM. Inflammasome-Related Genetic Polymorphisms as Severity Biomarkers of COVID-19. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3731. [PMID: 38612539 PMCID: PMC11011752 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The most critical forms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are associated with excessive activation of the inflammasome. Despite the COVID-19 impact on public health, we still do not fully understand the mechanisms by which the inflammatory response influences disease prognosis. Accordingly, we aimed to elucidate the role of polymorphisms in the key genes of the formation and signaling of the inflammasome as biomarkers of COVID-19 severity. For this purpose, a large and well-defined cohort of 377 COVID-19 patients with mild (n = 72), moderate (n = 84), severe (n = 100), and critical (n = 121) infections were included. A total of 24 polymorphisms located in inflammasome-related genes (NLRP3, NLRC4, NLRP1, CARD8, CASP1, IL1B, IL18, NFKB1, ATG16L1, and MIF) were genotyped in all of the patients and in the 192 healthy controls (HCs) (who were without COVID-19 at the time of and before the study) by RT-qPCR. Our results showed that patients with mild, moderate, severe, and critical COVID-19 presented similar allelic and genotypic distribution in all the variants studied. No statistically significant differences in the haplotypic distribution of NLRP3, NLRC4, NLRP1, CARD8, CASP1, IL1B, and ATG16L1 were observed between COVID-19 patients, who were stratified by disease severity. Each stratified group of patients presented a similar genetic distribution to the HCs. In conclusion, our results suggest that the inflammasome polymorphisms studied are not associated with the worsening of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Verónica Pulito-Cueto
- Immunopathology Group, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital-Valdecilla Research Institute (IDIVAL), 39008 Santander, Spain; (M.S.M.-G.); (P.A.-L.); (J.C.B.-L.); (R.B.); (R.L.-M.); (J.M.C.)
- Department of Rheumatology, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, 39008 Santander, Spain
| | - María Sebastián Mora-Gil
- Immunopathology Group, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital-Valdecilla Research Institute (IDIVAL), 39008 Santander, Spain; (M.S.M.-G.); (P.A.-L.); (J.C.B.-L.); (R.B.); (R.L.-M.); (J.M.C.)
- Department of Rheumatology, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, 39008 Santander, Spain
| | - Diego Ferrer-Pargada
- Department of Pneumology, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, 39008 Santander, Spain; (D.F.-P.); (S.T.-M.); (B.A.-B.); (S.I.); (J.J.R.-C.)
| | | | - Fernanda Genre
- Valdecilla Research Institute (IDIVAL), 39011 Santander, Spain; (S.R.-M.); (F.G.)
| | - Leticia Lera-Gómez
- Department of Microbiology, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, 39008 Santander, Spain;
| | - Pilar Alonso-Lecue
- Immunopathology Group, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital-Valdecilla Research Institute (IDIVAL), 39008 Santander, Spain; (M.S.M.-G.); (P.A.-L.); (J.C.B.-L.); (R.B.); (R.L.-M.); (J.M.C.)
- Department of Pneumology, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, 39008 Santander, Spain; (D.F.-P.); (S.T.-M.); (B.A.-B.); (S.I.); (J.J.R.-C.)
| | - Joao Carlos Batista-Liz
- Immunopathology Group, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital-Valdecilla Research Institute (IDIVAL), 39008 Santander, Spain; (M.S.M.-G.); (P.A.-L.); (J.C.B.-L.); (R.B.); (R.L.-M.); (J.M.C.)
- Department of Rheumatology, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, 39008 Santander, Spain
| | - Sandra Tello-Mena
- Department of Pneumology, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, 39008 Santander, Spain; (D.F.-P.); (S.T.-M.); (B.A.-B.); (S.I.); (J.J.R.-C.)
| | - Beatriz Abascal-Bolado
- Department of Pneumology, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, 39008 Santander, Spain; (D.F.-P.); (S.T.-M.); (B.A.-B.); (S.I.); (J.J.R.-C.)
| | - Sheila Izquierdo
- Department of Pneumology, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, 39008 Santander, Spain; (D.F.-P.); (S.T.-M.); (B.A.-B.); (S.I.); (J.J.R.-C.)
| | - Juan José Ruiz-Cubillán
- Department of Pneumology, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, 39008 Santander, Spain; (D.F.-P.); (S.T.-M.); (B.A.-B.); (S.I.); (J.J.R.-C.)
| | | | - Ricardo Blanco
- Immunopathology Group, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital-Valdecilla Research Institute (IDIVAL), 39008 Santander, Spain; (M.S.M.-G.); (P.A.-L.); (J.C.B.-L.); (R.B.); (R.L.-M.); (J.M.C.)
- Department of Rheumatology, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, 39008 Santander, Spain
| | - Miguel A. González-Gay
- School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, 39011 Santander, Spain;
- Department of Rheumatology, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel López-Mejías
- Immunopathology Group, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital-Valdecilla Research Institute (IDIVAL), 39008 Santander, Spain; (M.S.M.-G.); (P.A.-L.); (J.C.B.-L.); (R.B.); (R.L.-M.); (J.M.C.)
- Department of Rheumatology, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, 39008 Santander, Spain
| | - José M. Cifrián
- Immunopathology Group, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital-Valdecilla Research Institute (IDIVAL), 39008 Santander, Spain; (M.S.M.-G.); (P.A.-L.); (J.C.B.-L.); (R.B.); (R.L.-M.); (J.M.C.)
- Department of Pneumology, Marqués de Valdecilla University Hospital, 39008 Santander, Spain; (D.F.-P.); (S.T.-M.); (B.A.-B.); (S.I.); (J.J.R.-C.)
- School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, 39011 Santander, Spain;
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Kim ME, Lee JS. Molecular Foundations of Inflammatory Diseases: Insights into Inflammation and Inflammasomes. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2024; 46:469-484. [PMID: 38248332 PMCID: PMC10813887 DOI: 10.3390/cimb46010030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory diseases are a global health problem affecting millions of people with a wide range of conditions. These diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), osteoarthritis (OA), gout, and diabetes, impose a significant burden on patients and healthcare systems. A complicated interaction between genetic variables, environmental stimuli, and dysregulated immune responses shows the complex biological foundation of various diseases. This review focuses on the molecular mechanisms underlying inflammatory diseases, including the function of inflammasomes and inflammation. We investigate the impact of environmental and genetic factors on the progression of inflammatory diseases, explore the connection between inflammation and inflammasome activation, and examine the incidence of various inflammatory diseases in relation to inflammasomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jun Sik Lee
- Department of Biological Science, Immunology Research Lab & BK21-Four Educational Research Group for Age-Associated Disorder Control Technology, Chosun University, Gwangju 61452, Republic of Korea;
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Sun S, Li Z, Huang C, Liu J, Yu Q, Jiang X, Yue K, Zhao J, Xu T, Liu Y, Li X, Qin C, Jiang Y. Discovery of Novel 2,3-Dihydro-1 H-indene-5-sulfonamide NLRP3 Inflammasome Inhibitors Targeting Colon as a Potential Therapy for Colitis. J Med Chem 2023; 66:16141-16167. [PMID: 38029358 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c01511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
The NLRP3 inflammasome is a multiprotein complex that plays a crucial role in the pathophysiology of multiple inflammation-related diseases. In this study, we designed and synthesized a series of novel 2,3-dihydro-1H-indene-5-sulfonamide analogues as NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitors, and then identified compound 15z as a potent and specific inhibitor (IC50: 0.13 μM) with low toxicity. Mechanistic studies indicate that 15z binds directly to NLRP3 protein (KD: 102.7 nM), blocking the assembly and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome and effectively inhibiting cell pyroptosis. Given the notable distribution of 15z in the colon, the DSS-induced colitis model was employed to evaluate its in vivo effectiveness. 15z significantly impacted NLRP3 inflammasome activation and relieved inflammatory bowel disease symptoms in this model. Acute and subacute toxicity studies suggested that 15z has a favorable safety profile. Our results indicate that 15z has great potential to be further developed as a candidate for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Zhuoyue Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China
- Center for Targeted Protein Degradation and Drug Discovery, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China
| | - Chao Huang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Jinyu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Qixin Yu
- Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Qingdao, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
| | - Xiaolin Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China
- Center for Targeted Protein Degradation and Drug Discovery, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China
| | - Kairui Yue
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Jianchun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Tongqiang Xu
- Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Qingdao, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
| | - Yankai Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xiaoyang Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China
- Center for Targeted Protein Degradation and Drug Discovery, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China
- Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Qingdao, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
| | - Chong Qin
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China
- Center for Targeted Protein Degradation and Drug Discovery, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China
- Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Qingdao, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
| | - Yuqi Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, 5 Yushan Road, Qingdao 266003, China
- Center for Targeted Protein Degradation and Drug Discovery, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266003, China
- Marine Biomedical Research Institute of Qingdao, Qingdao, Shandong 266071, P.R. China
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