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Bourque M, Morissette M, Isenbrandt A, Giatti S, Melcangi RC, Carta M, Frau R, Bortolato M, Soulet D, Di Paolo T. Effect of 5-alpha reductase inhibitors in animal models of Parkinson's disease. Front Neuroendocrinol 2024; 75:101156. [PMID: 39353534 DOI: 10.1016/j.yfrne.2024.101156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2024] [Revised: 09/12/2024] [Accepted: 09/27/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is characterized by motor symptoms due to loss of brain dopamine and non-motor symptoms, including gastrointestinal disorders. Although there is no cure for PD, symptomatic treatments are available. L-Dopa is the gold standard PD therapy, but most patients develop dyskinesias (LID), which are challenging to manage. Amantadine is recognized as the most effective drug for LID, but its adverse effects limit the use in patients. Here we review how 5α-reductase inhibitors (5ARIs), drugs used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia and alopecia, exhibit beneficial effects in PD animal models. 5ARIs show neuroprotective properties in brain and gut dopaminergic systems, and reduce dyskinesias in rodent model of PD. Additionally, the 5ARI finasteride dampened dopaminergic-induced drug gambling in PD patients. Neuroprotection and antidyskinetic activities of 5ARIs in animal models of PD suggest their potential repurposing in men with PD to address gut dysfunction, protect brain DA and inhibit dyskinesias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Bourque
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Marc Morissette
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Amandine Isenbrandt
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada; Faculty of Pharmacy, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Silvia Giatti
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Roberto Cosimo Melcangi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Center of Excellence on Neurodegenerative Diseases, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Manolo Carta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, "Guy Everett Laboratory", University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria SP 8, Monserrato 09042, Italy
| | - Roberto Frau
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, "Guy Everett Laboratory", University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria SP 8, Monserrato 09042, Italy
| | - Marco Bortolato
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, 30 S 2000 E, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Denis Soulet
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada; Faculty of Pharmacy, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada
| | - Thérèse Di Paolo
- Axe Neurosciences, Centre de recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada; Faculty of Pharmacy, Laval University, Quebec, QC, Canada.
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Franco A, Russo M, Amboni M, Ponsiglione AM, Di Filippo F, Romano M, Amato F, Ricciardi C. The Role of Deep Learning and Gait Analysis in Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:5957. [PMID: 39338702 PMCID: PMC11435660 DOI: 10.3390/s24185957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2024] [Revised: 09/06/2024] [Accepted: 09/07/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common movement disorder in the world. It is characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms that have a profound impact on the independence and quality of life of people affected by the disease, which increases caregivers' burdens. The use of the quantitative gait data of people with PD and deep learning (DL) approaches based on gait are emerging as increasingly promising methods to support and aid clinical decision making, with the aim of providing a quantitative and objective diagnosis, as well as an additional tool for disease monitoring. This will allow for the early detection of the disease, assessment of progression, and implementation of therapeutic interventions. In this paper, the authors provide a systematic review of emerging DL techniques recently proposed for the analysis of PD by using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. The Scopus, PubMed, and Web of Science databases were searched across an interval of six years (between 2018, when the first article was published, and 2023). A total of 25 articles were included in this review, which reports studies on the movement analysis of PD patients using both wearable and non-wearable sensors. Additionally, these studies employed DL networks for classification, diagnosis, and monitoring purposes. The authors demonstrate that there is a wide employment in the field of PD of convolutional neural networks for analyzing signals from wearable sensors and pose estimation networks for motion analysis from videos. In addition, the authors discuss current difficulties and highlight future solutions for PD monitoring and disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Franco
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of Naples Federico II, 80125 Naples, Italy; (A.F.); (M.R.); (A.M.P.); (M.R.); (F.A.)
| | - Michela Russo
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of Naples Federico II, 80125 Naples, Italy; (A.F.); (M.R.); (A.M.P.); (M.R.); (F.A.)
| | - Marianna Amboni
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (M.A.); (F.D.F.)
| | - Alfonso Maria Ponsiglione
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of Naples Federico II, 80125 Naples, Italy; (A.F.); (M.R.); (A.M.P.); (M.R.); (F.A.)
| | - Federico Di Filippo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry, Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (M.A.); (F.D.F.)
| | - Maria Romano
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of Naples Federico II, 80125 Naples, Italy; (A.F.); (M.R.); (A.M.P.); (M.R.); (F.A.)
| | - Francesco Amato
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of Naples Federico II, 80125 Naples, Italy; (A.F.); (M.R.); (A.M.P.); (M.R.); (F.A.)
| | - Carlo Ricciardi
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, University of Naples Federico II, 80125 Naples, Italy; (A.F.); (M.R.); (A.M.P.); (M.R.); (F.A.)
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Zhong Y, Wang TH, Huang LJ, Hua YS. Association between metabolic syndrome and the risk of Parkinson's disease: a meta-analysis. BMC Neurol 2024; 24:313. [PMID: 39232681 PMCID: PMC11373127 DOI: 10.1186/s12883-024-03820-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND There is still a lack of knowledge about the relationship between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and Parkinson's disease (PD). This study aimed to determine whether MetS increases PD risk. METHODS To identify relevant clinical studies, databases such as PubMed, Embase, and the Cochrane Library were searched in depth from the inception of databases until March 31, 2024. The study evaluated the correlation between MetS and the likelihood of developing PD through the computation of aggregated relative risks (RR) and their respective 95% confidence intervals (CIs) utilizing selnRR and lnRR. RESULTS Seven studies were included in our systematic review. The meta-analysis revealed that patients with MetS have a 0.3-fold increased risk of developing PD (p = 0.001). Furthermore, the analysis revealed a positive correlation between central obesity and the incidence of PD, with an RR of 1.19 (95% CI, 1.16-1.22; p = 0.001), as well as a greater risk of PD in patients with elevated blood pressure, with an RR of 1.13 (95% CI, 1.07-1.19; p = 0.001); elevated serum triglyceride levels, with an RR of 1.09 (95% CI, 1.02-1.15; p = 0.001); lower serum HDL cholesterol levels, with an RR of 1.21 (95% CI, 1.15-1.28; p = 0.001); and elevated plasma fasting glucose levels, with an RR of 1.18 (95% CI, 1.11-1.26; p = 0.001). CONCLUSION MetS can contribute to the incidence of Parkinson's disease, with individual components of MetS demonstrating comparable effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhong
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University/West China School of Nursing, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tian-Hong Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Li-Jiang Huang
- Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Xiushan County, Chongqing Medical University, Xiushan, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu-Si Hua
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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Pisaltu S, Ruotolo I, Sellitto G, Berardi A, Simeon R, Fabbrini G, Galeoto G. Validity and reliability of the Italian version of the short Parkinson's evaluation scale (SPES/SCOPA). Heliyon 2024; 10:e32877. [PMID: 39021984 PMCID: PMC11253227 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e32877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Background In the medical and rehabilitative field, it is essential to employ tools such as evaluation scales and performance tests to assess the impact of Parkinson's disease on QoL of affected individuals. The Short Parkinson's Evaluation Scale (SPES) is a reliable and valid tool, applicable both in research and clinical practices, useful in assessing motor damage, activities of daily living, and motor complications in patients with Parkinson's disease. The aim of the study is to investigate validity and reliability of the Italian version of the SPES-SCOPA scale. Methods Translation and cultural adaptation were performed. Included patients had diagnosis of Parkinson's disease, no concurrent pathologies, MiniMental test score above 2 and signed informed consent; they were recruited at the Department of Human Neurosciences in Sapienza University of Rome, from February 2023 to November 2023. Test-retest reliability was evaluated through Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC), internal consistency was assessed using Cronbach's Alpha and construct validity using Pearson's correlation between SPES-SCOPA and the gold standard PDQ-39. Results 101 patients were recruited. Inter-rater evaluation was conducted on 62 patients, while 39 underwent an intra-rater assessment. The analysis showed statistically significant data with a Cronbach's Alpha value of 0.89 for the entire scale; test-retest reliability results are statistically significant for all subscales. Correlation between PDQ-39 domains and SPES/SCOPA subscales were statistically significant for most measurements. Conclusion This research shows that the Italian version of SPES-SCOPA scale has excellent psychometric properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - I. Ruotolo
- Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Human Neuroscience, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - G. Sellitto
- Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Human Neuroscience, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - A. Berardi
- Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Human Neuroscience, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - R. Simeon
- Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Human Neuroscience, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - G. Fabbrini
- Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Human Neuroscience, 00185, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, Via Atinense, 18, 86077, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
| | - G. Galeoto
- Sapienza University of Rome, Department of Human Neuroscience, 00185, Rome, Italy
- IRCCS Neuromed, Via Atinense, 18, 86077, Pozzilli, IS, Italy
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Hussain MS, Chaturvedi V, Goyal S, Singh S, Mir RH. An Update on the Application of Nano Phytomedicine as an Emerging
Therapeutic Tool for Neurodegenerative Diseases. CURRENT BIOACTIVE COMPOUNDS 2024; 20. [DOI: 10.2174/0115734072258656231013085318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2024]
Abstract
Abstract:
The existence of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), a densely woven network of blood
vessels and endothelial cells designed to prevent the infiltration of foreign substances into the
brain, the methods employed in developing treatments for neurodegenerative disorders (NDs)
such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, Multiple sclerosis, Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and others, pose significant challenges and complexities. These illnesses
have had a terrible impact on the human population's health. Because early detection of these
problems is poor and no good therapy has been established, they have emerged as the biggest lifethreatening healthcare burden worldwide compared to other significant illnesses. Traditional drug
delivery techniques do not offer efficient treatment for NDs due to constraints in the BBB design,
efflux pumps, and metabolic enzyme expression. Nanotechnology has the potential to significantly enhance ND therapy by utilizing systems that have been bioengineered to engage with living
organisms at the cellular range. Compared to traditional techniques, nanotechnological technologies have several potential ways for crossing the BBB and increasing therapeutic efficacy in the
brain. The introduction and growth of nanotechnology indicate promising potential for overcoming this issue. Engineered nanoparticles coupled with therapeutic moieties and imaging agents
with dimensions ranging from 1-100 nm can improve effectiveness, cellular uptake, selective
transport, and drug delivery to the brain due to their changed physicochemical properties. Conjugates of nanoparticles and medicinal plants, or their constituents known as nano phytomedicine,
have recently gained importance in developing cutting-edge neuro-therapeutics due to their abundant natural supply, promising targeted delivery to the brain, and lower potential for adverse effects. This study summarizes the common NDs, their prevalence and pathogenesis, and potential
herbal nanoformulation for treating NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Sadique Hussain
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 302017, India
| | - Varunesh Chaturvedi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 302017, India
| | - Saloni Goyal
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 302017, India
| | - Sandeep Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jaipur National University, Jaipur, Rajasthan, 302017, India
| | - Reyaz Hassan Mir
- Pharmaceutical
Chemistry Division, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar, Jammu and
Kashmir, 190006, India
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Tuncer T, Dogan S, Baygin M, Barua PD, Palmer EE, March S, Ciaccio EJ, Tan RS, Acharya UR. FLP: Factor lattice pattern-based automated detection of Parkinson's disease and specific language impairment using recorded speech. Comput Biol Med 2024; 173:108280. [PMID: 38547655 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2024.108280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Timely detection of neurodevelopmental and neurological conditions is crucial for early intervention. Specific Language Impairment (SLI) in children and Parkinson's disease (PD) manifests in speech disturbances that may be exploited for diagnostic screening using recorded speech signals. We were motivated to develop an accurate yet computationally lightweight model for speech-based detection of SLI and PD, employing novel feature engineering techniques to mimic the adaptable dynamic weight assignment network capability of deep learning architectures. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this research, we have introduced an advanced feature engineering model incorporating a novel feature extraction function, the Factor Lattice Pattern (FLP), which is a quantum-inspired method and uses a superposition-like mechanism, making it dynamic in nature. The FLP encompasses eight distinct patterns, from which the most appropriate pattern was discerned based on the data structure. Through the implementation of the FLP, we automatically extracted signal-specific textural features. Additionally, we developed a new feature engineering model to assess the efficacy of the FLP. This model is self-organizing, producing nine potential results and subsequently choosing the optimal one. Our speech classification framework consists of (1) feature extraction using the proposed FLP and a statistical feature extractor; (2) feature selection employing iterative neighborhood component analysis and an intersection-based feature selector; (3) classification via support vector machine and k-nearest neighbors; and (4) outcome determination using combinational majority voting to select the most favorable results. RESULTS To validate the classification capabilities of our proposed feature engineering model, designed to automatically detect PD and SLI, we employed three speech datasets of PD and SLI patients. Our presented FLP-centric model achieved classification accuracy of more than 95% and 99.79% for all PD and SLI datasets, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that the proposed model is an accurate alternative to deep learning models in classifying neurological conditions using speech signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Turker Tuncer
- Department of Digital Forensics Engineering, Technology Faculty, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey.
| | - Sengul Dogan
- Department of Digital Forensics Engineering, Technology Faculty, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey.
| | - Mehmet Baygin
- Department of Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Erzurum Technical University, Erzurum, Turkey.
| | - Prabal Datta Barua
- School of Business (Information System), University of Southern Queensland, Australia.
| | - Elizabeth Emma Palmer
- Centre of Clinical Genetics, Sydney Children's Hospitals Network, Randwick, 2031, Australia; School of Women's and Children's Health, University of New South Wales, Randwick, 2031, Australia.
| | - Sonja March
- School of Psychology and Counselling and Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield, Australia.
| | - Edward J Ciaccio
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, USA.
| | - Ru-San Tan
- Department of Cardiology, National Heart Centre Singapore, Singapore; Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - U Rajendra Acharya
- School of Mathematics, Physics and Computing, University of Southern Queensland, Springfield, Australia; Centre for Health Research, University of Southern Queensland, Australia.
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Grotewold N, Albin RL. Update: Descriptive epidemiology of Parkinson disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2024; 120:106000. [PMID: 38233324 PMCID: PMC10922566 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2024.106000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
We review the descriptive epidemiology of Parkinson disease (PD). PD is a prevalent neurologic disorder in high Socio-Demographic Index (SDI) nations with rising prevalence in low and middle SDI nations. PD became a prevalent disorder in high SDI nations during the 20th century. Population growth, population aging, and increased disease duration are major drivers of rising PD prevalence. Exposure to industrial toxicants may also be a contributor to rising PD prevalence. PD is an age-related disorder with incidence likely peaking in the 8th decade of life and prevalence in the 9th decade of life. PD is notable for significant sex difference in PD risk with greater risk in men. There may be ancestral differences in PD prevalence and risk. PD is associated with moderately increased mortality though this may be underestimated. Despite significant research, there is considerable uncertainty about basic features of PD epidemiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolas Grotewold
- Dept. of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Roger L Albin
- Dept. of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; GRECC, VAAAHS, Ann Arbor, MI, 48105, USA; University of Michigan Morris K. Udall Center of Excellence for Parkinson's Disease Research, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; University of Michigan Parkinson's Foundation Research Center of Excellence, USA.
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8
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Firdaus Z, Li X. Unraveling the Genetic Landscape of Neurological Disorders: Insights into Pathogenesis, Techniques for Variant Identification, and Therapeutic Approaches. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2320. [PMID: 38396996 PMCID: PMC10889342 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25042320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 02/09/2024] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Genetic abnormalities play a crucial role in the development of neurodegenerative disorders (NDDs). Genetic exploration has indeed contributed to unraveling the molecular complexities responsible for the etiology and progression of various NDDs. The intricate nature of rare and common variants in NDDs contributes to a limited understanding of the genetic risk factors associated with them. Advancements in next-generation sequencing have made whole-genome sequencing and whole-exome sequencing possible, allowing the identification of rare variants with substantial effects, and improving the understanding of both Mendelian and complex neurological conditions. The resurgence of gene therapy holds the promise of targeting the etiology of diseases and ensuring a sustained correction. This approach is particularly enticing for neurodegenerative diseases, where traditional pharmacological methods have fallen short. In the context of our exploration of the genetic epidemiology of the three most prevalent NDDs-amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, and Parkinson's disease, our primary goal is to underscore the progress made in the development of next-generation sequencing. This progress aims to enhance our understanding of the disease mechanisms and explore gene-based therapies for NDDs. Throughout this review, we focus on genetic variations, methodologies for their identification, the associated pathophysiology, and the promising potential of gene therapy. Ultimately, our objective is to provide a comprehensive and forward-looking perspective on the emerging research arena of NDDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeba Firdaus
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
| | - Xiaogang Li
- Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA;
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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9
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Silva RH, Lopes-Silva LB, Cunha DG, Becegato M, Ribeiro AM, Santos JR. Animal Approaches to Studying Risk Factors for Parkinson's Disease: A Narrative Review. Brain Sci 2024; 14:156. [PMID: 38391730 PMCID: PMC10887213 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14020156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Despite recent efforts to search for biomarkers for the pre-symptomatic diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (PD), the presence of risk factors, prodromal signs, and family history still support the classification of individuals at risk for this disease. Human epidemiological studies are useful in this search but fail to provide causality. The study of well-known risk factors for PD in animal models can help elucidate mechanisms related to the disease's etiology and contribute to future prevention or treatment approaches. This narrative review aims to discuss animal studies that investigated four of the main risk factors and/or prodromal signs related to PD: advanced age, male sex, sleep alterations, and depression. Different databases were used to search the studies, which were included based on their relevance to the topic. Although still in a reduced number, such studies are of great relevance in the search for evidence that leads to a possible early diagnosis and improvements in methods of prevention and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- R H Silva
- Behavioral Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04021-001, SP, Brazil
| | - L B Lopes-Silva
- Behavioral Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04021-001, SP, Brazil
| | - D G Cunha
- Behavioral Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04021-001, SP, Brazil
| | - M Becegato
- Behavioral Neuroscience Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04021-001, SP, Brazil
| | - A M Ribeiro
- Laboratory of Neuroscience and Bioprospecting of Natural Products, Department of Biosciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Santos 11015-020, SP, Brazil
| | - J R Santos
- Behavioral and Evolutionary Neurobiology Laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Federal University of Sergipe, Itabaiana 49500-000, SE, Brazil
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Corona-Trejo A, Gonsebatt ME, Trejo-Solis C, Campos-Peña V, Quintas-Granados LI, Villegas-Vázquez EY, Daniel Reyes-Hernández O, Hernández-Abad VJ, Figueroa-González G, Silva-Adaya D. Transsulfuration pathway: a targeting neuromodulator in Parkinson's disease. Rev Neurosci 2023; 34:915-932. [PMID: 37409540 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2023-0039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
The transsulfuration pathway (TSP) is a metabolic pathway involving sulfur transfer from homocysteine to cysteine. Transsulfuration pathway leads to many sulfur metabolites, principally glutathione, H2S, taurine, and cysteine. Key enzymes of the TSP, such as cystathionine β-synthase and cystathionine γ-lyase, are essential regulators at multiple levels in this pathway. TSP metabolites are implicated in many physiological processes in the central nervous system and other tissues. TSP is important in controlling sulfur balance and optimal cellular functions such as glutathione synthesis. Alterations in the TSP and related pathways (transmethylation and remethylation) are altered in several neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease, suggesting their participation in the pathophysiology and progression of these diseases. In Parkinson's disease many cellular processes are comprised mainly those that regulate redox homeostasis, inflammation, reticulum endoplasmic stress, mitochondrial function, oxidative stress, and sulfur content metabolites of TSP are involved in these damage processes. Current research on the transsulfuration pathway in Parkinson's disease has primarily focused on the synthesis and function of certain metabolites, particularly glutathione. However, our understanding of the regulation of other metabolites of the transsulfuration pathway, as well as their relationships with other metabolites, and their synthesis regulation in Parkinson´s disease remain limited. Thus, this paper highlights the importance of studying the molecular dynamics in different metabolites and enzymes that affect the transsulfuration in Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Corona-Trejo
- Carrera de Biología, Laboratorio de Farmacogenética, Unidad Multidisciplinaria de Investigación Experimental Zaragoza, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 09230, Mexico
| | - María E Gonsebatt
- Departamento de Medicina Genómica y Toxicología Ambiental, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México, Mexico
| | - Cristina Trejo-Solis
- Laboratorio Experimental de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico, 14269, Mexico
| | - Victoria Campos-Peña
- Laboratorio Experimental de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico, 14269, Mexico
| | | | - Edgar Yebrán Villegas-Vázquez
- Laboratorio de Farmacogenética, Unidad Multidisciplinaria de Investigación Experimental Zaragoza, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 09230 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Octavio Daniel Reyes-Hernández
- Laboratorio de Biología Molecular del Cáncer, Unidad Multidisciplinaria de Investigación Experimental Zaragoza, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad de México 09230, Mexico
| | - Vicente Jesús Hernández-Abad
- Laboratorio de Investigación Farmacéutica, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Batalla de 5 de mayo s/n, Col, Ejército de Oriente, 09230 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gabriela Figueroa-González
- Laboratorio de Farmacogenética, Unidad Multidisciplinaria de Investigación Experimental Zaragoza, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 09230 Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Daniela Silva-Adaya
- Laboratorio Experimental de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía, Mexico, 14269, Mexico
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Na E, Teshler L, Malouka S, Mayo NE, Bouchard V, Barbier A, Kuspinar A. Cognitive Interviewing to Develop a New Health-Related Quality of Life Measure for Parkinson's Disease: The Preference-Based Parkinson's Disease Index (PB-PDI). J Patient Exp 2023; 10:23743735231211781. [PMID: 38033912 PMCID: PMC10685756 DOI: 10.1177/23743735231211781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Preference-based measures (PBM) for health-related quality of life (HRQoL) are essential in assessing the cost-utility of different treatment options. The preference-based Parkinson's disease Index (PB-PDI) is being developed for people with Parkinson's disease (PD). The aim of this study was to refine the PB-PDI through cognitive interviews with people with PD. Cognitive debriefing was conducted to assess patients' interpretation of items, both in English and French. Participants' feedback guided the iterative modification of the PB-PDI and items were accepted for final inclusion if they were endorsed by three consecutive participants. A total of 16 participants provided feedback on the items, refined the response options, and discussed how to clarify questions. They selected a 2-week timeframe for the PB-PDI recall period. At the end of the cognitive interviews, all seven items and their response options were endorsed in both languages. The cognitive interview process allowed us to refine items and ensure that they were clear in terms of instructions and response options from the perspective of people with PD. The next step will be to elicit preference weights to develop a scoring algorithm and assess its measurement properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunjung Na
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Lizabeth Teshler
- Arts and Science Program, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Selina Malouka
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Nancy E Mayo
- Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, McGill University Health Centre-Research Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
- School of Physical & Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Division of Geriatrics, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Vanessa Bouchard
- Hôpital de Chicoutimi, Centre intégré universitaire de santé et services sociaux du Saguenay-Lac-Saint-Jean, Chicoutimi, QC, Canada
| | - Alexandra Barbier
- Centre for Outcomes Research and Evaluation, McGill University Health Centre-Research Institute, Montreal, QC, Canada
- School of Physical & Occupational Therapy, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Ayse Kuspinar
- School of Rehabilitation Science, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
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12
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Reekes TH, Higginson CI, Sigvardt KA, King DS, Levine D, Wheelock VL, Disbrow EA. Sex differences in Parkinson disease-associated episodic memory and processing speed deficits. J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2023; 29:813-820. [PMID: 36971238 DOI: 10.1017/s1355617723000097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aims to address a gap in the data on cognitive sex differences in persons living with Parkinson disease (PD). There is some evidence that cognitive dysfunction is more severe in male PD, however data on episodic memory and processing speed is incomplete. METHODS One hundred and sixty-seven individuals with a diagnosis of PD were included in this study. Fifty-six of those individuals identified as female. The California Verbal Learning Test 1st edition and the Wechsler Memory Scale 3rd edition were used to evaluate verbal and visuospatial episodic memory and the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale 3rd edition was used to evaluate processing speed. Multivariate analysis of covariance was used to identify sex-specific differences across groups. RESULTS Our results show that males with PD performed significantly worse than females in verbal and visuospatial recall as well as a trend for the processing speed task of coding. CONCLUSIONS Our finding of superior performance among females with PD in verbal episodic memory is consistent with reports in both healthy and PD individuals; however, females outperforming males in measures of visuospatial episodic memory is unique to PD. Cognitive deficits preferentially affecting males appear to be associated with frontal lobe-related function. Therefore, males may represent a disease subgroup more susceptible to disease mechanisms affecting frontal lobe deterioration and cognitive disturbances in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tyler H Reekes
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Neuroscience, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
- LSU Health Shreveport Center for Brain Health, Shreveport, LA, USA
| | | | - Karen A Sigvardt
- Department of Neurology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
| | - David S King
- Clinical Functional Neuroscience Department, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Dawn Levine
- Clinical Functional Neuroscience Department, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Vicki L Wheelock
- Department of Neurology, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA
- Clinical Functional Neuroscience Department, Kaiser Permanente Northern California, Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - Elizabeth A Disbrow
- Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology, and Neuroscience, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
- LSU Health Shreveport Center for Brain Health, Shreveport, LA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USA
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13
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Melo-Thomas L, Schwarting RKW. Paradoxical kinesia may no longer be a paradox waiting for 100 years to be unraveled. Rev Neurosci 2023; 34:775-799. [PMID: 36933238 DOI: 10.1515/revneuro-2023-0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder mainly characterized by bradykinesia and akinesia. Interestingly, these motor disabilities can depend on the patient emotional state. Disabled PD patients remain able to produce normal motor responses in the context of urgent or externally driven situations or even when exposed to appetitive cues such as music. To describe this phenomenon Souques coined the term "paradoxical kinesia" a century ago. Since then, the mechanisms underlying paradoxical kinesia are still unknown due to a paucity of valid animal models that replicate this phenomenon. To overcome this limitation, we established two animal models of paradoxical kinesia. Using these models, we investigated the neural mechanisms of paradoxical kinesia, with the results pointing to the inferior colliculus (IC) as a key structure. Intracollicular electrical deep brain stimulation, glutamatergic and GABAergic mechanisms may be involved in the elaboration of paradoxical kinesia. Since paradoxical kinesia might work by activation of some alternative pathway bypassing basal ganglia, we suggest the IC as a candidate to be part of this pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liana Melo-Thomas
- Experimental and Biological Psychology, Behavioral Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Gutenbergstraße 18, 35032 Marburg, Germany
- Marburg Center for Mind, Brain, and Behavior (MCMBB), Hans-Meerwein-Straße 6, 35032 Marburg, Germany
- Behavioral Neurosciences Institute (INeC), Av. do Café, 2450, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, 14050-220, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rainer K W Schwarting
- Experimental and Biological Psychology, Behavioral Neuroscience, Faculty of Psychology, Philipps-University of Marburg, Gutenbergstraße 18, 35032 Marburg, Germany
- Marburg Center for Mind, Brain, and Behavior (MCMBB), Hans-Meerwein-Straße 6, 35032 Marburg, Germany
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14
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Al-Zaid FS, Hurley MJ, Dexter DT, Gillies GE. Neuroprotective role for RORA in Parkinson's disease revealed by analysis of post-mortem brain and a dopaminergic cell line. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2023; 9:119. [PMID: 37500636 PMCID: PMC10374904 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-023-00563-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is almost twice as prevalent in men, which has largely been attributed to neuroprotective effect of oestradiol in women. RORA (retinoic acid receptor-related orphan receptor alpha) regulates the transcription of central aromatase, the enzyme responsible for local oestradiol synthesis, simultaneously, RORA expression is regulated by sex hormones. Moreover, RORA protects neurones against oxidative stress, a key mechanism contributing to the loss of dopaminergic neurones in PD. Therefore, we hypothesized that there would be sex differences in RORA expression in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc), which could contribute to sex differences observed in PD prevalence and pathogenesis. In a case control study, qPCR and western blot analyses were used to quantify gene and protein expression in the SNpc of post-mortem brains (n = 14 late-stage PD and 11 age and sex matched controls). The neuroprotective properties of a RORA agonist were then investigated directly using a cell culture toxin-based model of PD coupled with measures of viability, mitochondrial function and apoptosis. RORA was expressed at significantly higher levels in the SNpc from control females' brains compared to males. In PD, we found a significant increase in SNpc RORA expression in male PD compared to female PD. Treatment with a RORA agonist showed a significant neuroprotection in our cell culture model of PD and revealed significant effects on intracellular factors involved in neuronal survival and demise. This study is the first to demonstrate a sex specific pattern of RORA protein and gene expression in the SNpc of controls post-mortem human brains, and to show that this is differentially altered in male and female PD subjects, thus supporting a role for RORA in sex-specific aspects of PD. Furthermore, our in vitro PD model indicates mechanisms whereby a RORA agonist exerts its neuroprotective effect, thereby highlighting the translational potential for RORA ligands in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felwah S Al-Zaid
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, KSA, Saudi Arabia.
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK.
| | - Michael J Hurley
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neuroscience, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, Rowland Hill Street, London, NW3 2PF, UK
| | - David T Dexter
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK
- Parkinson's UK, 215 Vauxhall Bridge Road, London, SW1V 1EJ, UK
| | - Glenda E Gillies
- Department of Brain Sciences, Imperial College London, London, W12 0NN, UK
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15
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Hawrysh PJ, Gao J, Tan S, Oh A, Nodwell J, Tompkins TA, McQuibban GA. PRKN/parkin-mediated mitophagy is induced by the probiotics Saccharomyces boulardii and Lactococcus lactis. Autophagy 2023; 19:2094-2110. [PMID: 36708254 PMCID: PMC10283409 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2023.2172873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial impairment is a hallmark feature of neurodegenerative disorders, such as Parkinson disease, and PRKN/parkin-mediated mitophagy serves to remove unhealthy mitochondria from cells. Notably, probiotics are used to alleviate several symptoms of Parkinson disease including impaired locomotion and neurodegeneration in preclinical studies and constipation in clinical trials. There is some evidence to suggest that probiotics can modulate mitochondrial quality control pathways. In this study, we screened 49 probiotic strains and tested distinct stages of mitophagy to determine whether probiotic treatment could upregulate mitophagy in cells undergoing mitochondrial stress. We found two probiotics, Saccharomyces boulardii and Lactococcus lactis, that upregulated mitochondrial PRKN recruitment, phospho-ubiquitination, and MFN degradation in our cellular assays. Administration of these strains to Drosophila that were exposed to paraquat, a mitochondrial toxin, resulted in improved longevity and motor function. Further, we directly observed increased lysosomal degradation of dysfunctional mitochondria in the treated Drosophila brains. These effects were replicated in vitro and in vivo with supra-physiological concentrations of exogenous soluble factors that are released by probiotics in cultures grown under laboratory conditions. We identified methyl-isoquinoline-6-carboxylate as one candidate molecule, which upregulates mitochondrial PRKN recruitment, phospho-ubiquitination, MFN degradation, and lysosomal degradation of damaged mitochondria. Addition of methyl-isoquinoline-6-carboxylate to the fly food restored motor function to paraquat-treated Drosophila. These data suggest a novel mechanism that is facilitated by probiotics to stimulate mitophagy through a PRKN-dependent pathway, which could explain the potential therapeutic benefit of probiotic administration to patients with Parkinson disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jinghua Gao
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Stephanie Tan
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Amy Oh
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Justin Nodwell
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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16
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Alam MR, Singh S. Neuromodulation in Parkinson's disease targeting opioid and cannabinoid receptors, understanding the role of NLRP3 pathway: a novel therapeutic approach. Inflammopharmacology 2023:10.1007/s10787-023-01259-0. [PMID: 37318694 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01259-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, resulting in motor and non-motor symptoms. Although levodopa is the primary medication for PD, its long-term use is associated with complications such as dyskinesia and drug resistance, necessitating novel therapeutic approaches. Recent research has highlighted the potential of targeting opioid and cannabinoid receptors as innovative strategies for PD treatment. Modulating opioid transmission, particularly through activating µ (MOR) and δ (DOR) receptors while inhibiting κ (KOR) receptors, shows promise in preventing motor complications and reducing L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia. Opioids also possess neuroprotective properties and play a role in neuroprotection and seizure control. Similar to this, endocannabinoid signalling via CB1 and CB2 receptors influences the basal ganglia and may contribute to PD pathophysiology, making it a potential therapeutic target. In addition to opioid and cannabinoid receptor targeting, the NLRP3 pathway, implicated in neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration, emerges as another potential therapeutic avenue for PD. Recent studies suggest that targeting this pathway holds promise as a therapeutic strategy for PD management. This comprehensive review focuses on neuromodulation and novel therapeutic approaches for PD, specifically highlighting the targeting of opioid and cannabinoid receptors and the NLRP3 pathway. A better understanding of these mechanisms has the potential to enhance the quality of life for PD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Reyaz Alam
- Neuropharmacology Division, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, 142001, India
| | - Shamsher Singh
- Neuropharmacology Division, Department of Pharmacology, ISF College of Pharmacy, Moga, Punjab, 142001, India.
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17
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Yu B, Ma SQ, Huang HP, Zhong Z, Yu S, Huang K, Zhang LY, Li MY, Yao L. Research methods and efficacy of acupuncture in the treatment of Parkinson's disease: a scoping review of systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1196446. [PMID: 37332994 PMCID: PMC10272821 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1196446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Research on acupuncture for Parkinson's Disease is growing rapidly. A scoping review examines emerging evidence and is important to guide policy and practice. The purpose of this scoping review was to examine the breadth and methodological quality of systematic reviews and meta-analyses, and to map the quality of evidence of these studies to evaluate the efficacy of acupuncture for treatment of PD. Methods Seven literature databases were searched. Two researchers independently screened the literature and extracted relevant information (such as general characteristics, inclusion criteria, study results, and report quality).The inclusion criteria include publicly published systematic reviews/meta-analyses/systematic reviews of acupuncture treatment for Parkinson's disease. The research subjects are any patients who meet the diagnostic criteria for Parkinson's disease, and intervention measures include acupuncture treatment including electro acupuncture, scalp acupuncture, or combination with other treatment methods. The outcome indicators are all types of results related to PD and the effective measurement tools used. Results A total of 23 systematic reviews and/or meta-analyses of studies were included. Most of the articles were published between 2019 and 2023 (47.8%). A total of 14 articles (60.9%) were evaluated and classified, and 89 (36.8.1%) of the 242 included articles were of medium and high quality. Discussion This study comprehensively evaluates the quality and research methods of incorporating SRs/MAs, and concludes that acupuncture treatment for Parkinson's disease may be significant. Considering the shortcomings in research design and methodology, it is not possible to draw conclusions on the evidence of acupuncture treatment for PD at this stage, but it does not mean that acupuncture treatment is ineffective. We hope to focus on improving research design and methods in the study of acupuncture treatment for Parkinson's disease, an increase the credibility of research results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Yu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Shi-qi Ma
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Hai-peng Huang
- Institute of Acupuncture and Tuina, Northeast Asia Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Zhen Zhong
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Shuo Yu
- College of Acupuncture and Massage, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Ke Huang
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Li-ying Zhang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meng-yuan Li
- Institute of Acupuncture and Tuina, Northeast Asia Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
| | - Lin Yao
- Institute of Acupuncture and Tuina, Northeast Asia Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun, China
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18
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Wang R, Tong S, Wang M, Zou J, Wang N, Sun F, Zhou X, Chen J, Wang H. CREB5 hypermethylation involved in the ganglioside GM1 therapy of Parkinson's disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1122647. [PMID: 37323142 PMCID: PMC10264581 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1122647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction The treatment with monosialotetrahexosylganglioside (GM1) improves the symptoms of Parkinson's disease (PD). The alteration of DNA methylation in the blood was examined to investigate epigenetic modification by GM1 treatment. Methods After a 28-day continuous intravenous infusion of GM1 (100mg), the motor and non-motor symptoms were evaluated by UPDRS III, Mini-mental state examination (MMSE) scores, FS-14, SCOPA-AUT, and PDQ-8. Moreover, blood samples were collected and PBMC was isolated. Genome-wide DNA methylation was performed by an 850K BeadChip. RNA levels and apoptosis were examined by RT-PCR and flow cytometry in rotenone-based cell models. The CREB5 plasmid was transfected by electroporation into SH-SY5Y cells. We also identified 235 methylation variable positions achieving genome-wide significance in 717558 differentially methylated positions (DMPs) (P = 0.0003) in comparison of pre-treatment with post-treatment measurements (statistical analysis paired-samples t-test). Results By searching the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset and GWAS, 23 methylation variable positions were screened. Moreover, there are 7 hypomethylated methylation variable positions correlated with the scores of motor symptoms (UPDRS III scale). According to KEGG pathways enrichment analysis, the methylated genes CACNA1B (hypomethylated), CREB5 (hypermethylated), GNB4 (hypomethylated), and PPP2R5A (hypomethylated) were enriched in the dopaminergic synapse pathway. Pretreated with GM1 (80 μM) for 1 h, cell apoptosis and impaired neurite outgrowth were inhibited in rotenone-induced PD cell models. The RNA expression of CREB5 was increased in rotenone-treated SH-SY5Y cells. GM1 treatment decreased rotenone-induced CREB5 gene expression. The enhancement of CREB5 gene expression suppressed the protective role of GM1 in rotenone-induced cell apoptosis. Discussion The application of GM1 improves the motor and non-motor symptoms of PD associated with the decreased CREB5 expression and the hypermethylation of CREB5. Clinical trial registration https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.html?proj=120582t, identifier ChiCTR2100042537.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- Department of Neurology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Shanshan Tong
- Department of Neurology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Mengdi Wang
- Department of Neurology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Junjie Zou
- Department of Neurology, Penglai People’s Hospital, Yantai, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Fengjiao Sun
- Medical Research Center, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaosheng Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Jinbo Chen
- Department of Neurology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
| | - Hongcai Wang
- Department of Neurology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China
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19
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Osler M, Okholm GT, Jørgensen TSH, Rozing MP. 25-year trends in first-time hospitalizations for Parkinson's disease and subsequent mortality: A Danish nationwide cohort study. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2023; 112:105471. [PMID: 37267817 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2023.105471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In most countries, incidence and mortality for Parkinson's disease (PD) have not been monitored by surveillance registries, although it could demonstrate the need for primary and tertiary prevention. OBJECTIVE To examine 25-year trends in first-time hospitalizations for PD in Denmark and subsequent short and long-term mortality. METHODS In a nationwide population-based cohort we identified all 34,947 individuals with a first-time hospitalization for PD from 1995 through 2019. We calculated standardized incidence rates of PD and 1-year and 5-year mortality by sex. Mortality rates were compared with a reference cohort randomly selected from the background population matched on sex, age, and index date. RESULTS The annual standardized incidence rate of PD was relatively stable during the study period in both men and women. The incidence of PD was higher in men than in women and with the highest incidence in those aged 70-79 years. One and 5-year mortality risk after first-time hospitalization for PD was similar for men and women, and decreased by around 30% and 20%, respectively, between 1995 and 2019. The matched reference cohort had a similar decline in mortality over time. CONCLUSION The rate of first-time hospitalization for PD was relatively stable between 1995 and 2019, whereas subsequent short and long-term mortality declined during the period as in the reference cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Osler
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospitals, Nordre Fasanvej 57, 2000 F, Denmark; Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, Copenhagen, K 1014, Denmark.
| | - G T Okholm
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospitals, Nordre Fasanvej 57, 2000 F, Denmark; Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, Copenhagen, K 1014, Denmark
| | - T S H Jørgensen
- Center for Clinical Research and Prevention, Bispebjerg and Frederiksberg Hospitals, Nordre Fasanvej 57, 2000 F, Denmark; Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, Copenhagen, K 1014, Denmark
| | - M P Rozing
- The Research Unit for General Practice and Section of General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Øster Farimagsgade 5, Copenhagen, K 1014, Denmark
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20
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Senevirathne DKL, Mahboob A, Zhai K, Paul P, Kammen A, Lee DJ, Yousef MS, Chaari A. Deep Brain Stimulation beyond the Clinic: Navigating the Future of Parkinson's and Alzheimer's Disease Therapy. Cells 2023; 12:1478. [PMID: 37296599 PMCID: PMC10252401 DOI: 10.3390/cells12111478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a surgical procedure that uses electrical neuromodulation to target specific regions of the brain, showing potential in the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Despite similarities in disease pathology, DBS is currently only approved for use in PD patients, with limited literature on its effectiveness in AD. While DBS has shown promise in ameliorating brain circuits in PD, further research is needed to determine the optimal parameters for DBS and address any potential side effects. This review emphasizes the need for foundational and clinical research on DBS in different brain regions to treat AD and recommends the development of a classification system for adverse effects. Furthermore, this review suggests the use of either a low-frequency system (LFS) or high-frequency system (HFS) depending on the specific symptoms of the patient for both PD and AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anns Mahboob
- Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar
| | - Kevin Zhai
- Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar
| | - Pradipta Paul
- Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar
| | - Alexandra Kammen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Darrin Jason Lee
- Department of Neurosurgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
- USC Neurorestoration Center, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA
| | - Mohammad S. Yousef
- Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar
| | - Ali Chaari
- Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, Doha 24144, Qatar
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21
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Citterio LA, Mancuso R, Agostini S, Meloni M, Clerici M. Serum and Exosomal miR-7-1-5p and miR-223-3p as Possible Biomarkers for Parkinson's Disease. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13050865. [PMID: 37238734 DOI: 10.3390/biom13050865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/18/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The etiology of Parkinson's disease (PD) is poorly understood, and is strongly suspected to include both genetic and environmental factors. In this context, it is essential to investigate possible biomarkers for both prognostic and diagnostic purposes. Several studies reported dysregulated microRNA expression in neurodegenerative disorders, including PD. Using ddPCR, we investigated the concentrations of miR-7-1-5p, miR-499-3p, miR-223-3p and miR-223-5p-miRNAs involved in the α-synuclein pathway and in inflammation-in the serum and serum-isolated exosomes of 45 PD patients and 49 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC). While miR-499-3p and miR-223-5p showed no differences (1), serum concentration of miR-7-1-5p was significantly increased (p = 0.0007 vs. HC) and (2) miR-223-3p serum (p = 0.0006) and exosome (p = 0.0002) concentrations were significantly increased. ROC curve analysis showed that miR-223-3p and miR-7-1-5p serum concentration discriminates between PD and HC (p = 0.0001, in both cases). Notably, in PD patients, both miR-223-3p serum (p = 0.0008) and exosome (p = 0.006) concentrations correlated with levodopa equivalent daily dosage (LEDD). Finally, serum α-synuclein was increased in PD patients compared to HC (p = 0.025), and in patients correlated with serum miR-7-1-5p in (p = 0.05). Our results suggest that both miR-7-1-5p and miR-223-3p, distinguishing PD from HC, have the potential to be useful and non-invasive biomarkers in Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Roberta Mancuso
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS, 20148 Milan, Italy
| | - Simone Agostini
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS, 20148 Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Meloni
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS, 20148 Milan, Italy
| | - Mario Clerici
- IRCCS Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS, 20148 Milan, Italy
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, 20100 Milan, Italy
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22
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Bourque M, Morissette M, Soulet D, Di Paolo T. Impact of Sex on Neuroimmune contributions to Parkinson's disease. Brain Res Bull 2023:110668. [PMID: 37196734 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2023.110668] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer's disease. Inflammation has been observed in both the idiopathic and familial forms of PD. Importantly, PD is reported more often in men than in women, men having at least 1.5- fold higher risk to develop PD than women. This review summarizes the impact of biological sex and sex hormones on the neuroimmune contributions to PD and its investigation in animal models of PD. Innate and peripheral immune systems participate in the brain neuroinflammation of PD patients and is reproduced in neurotoxin, genetic and alpha-synuclein based models of PD. Microglia and astrocytes are the main cells of the innate immune system in the central nervous system and are the first to react to restore homeostasis in the brain. Analysis of serum immunoprofiles in female and male control and PD patients show that a great proportion of these markers differ between male and female. The relationship between CSF inflammatory markers and PD clinical characteristics or PD biomarkers shows sex differences. Conversely, in animal models of PD, sex differences in inflammation are well documented and the beneficial effects of endogenous and exogenous estrogenic modulation in inflammation have been reported. Targeting neuroinflammation in PD is an emerging therapeutic option but gonadal drugs have not yet been investigated in this respect, thus offering new opportunities for sex specific treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Bourque
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Axe Neurosciences, 2705, Boulevard Laurier, Québec, (Québec), G1V4G2, Canada.
| | - Marc Morissette
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Axe Neurosciences, 2705, Boulevard Laurier, Québec, (Québec), G1V4G2, Canada.
| | - Denis Soulet
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Axe Neurosciences, 2705, Boulevard Laurier, Québec, (Québec), G1V4G2, Canada; Faculté de Pharmacie, Pavillon Ferdinand-Vandry, 1050, avenue de la Médecine, Université Laval, Québec (Québec) G1V 0A6, Canada.
| | - Thérèse Di Paolo
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec, Axe Neurosciences, 2705, Boulevard Laurier, Québec, (Québec), G1V4G2, Canada; Faculté de Pharmacie, Pavillon Ferdinand-Vandry, 1050, avenue de la Médecine, Université Laval, Québec (Québec) G1V 0A6, Canada.
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23
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McGee C, Liebert A, Bicknell B, Pang V, Isaac V, McLachlan CS, Kiat H, Herkes G. A Randomized Placebo-Controlled Study of a Transcranial Photobiomodulation Helmet in Parkinson's Disease: Post-Hoc Analysis of Motor Outcomes. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12082846. [PMID: 37109183 PMCID: PMC10146323 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12082846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence is increasingly supporting the use of transcranial photobiomodulation (tPBM) to improve symptoms of neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease (PD). The objective of this study was to analyse the safety and efficacy of tPBM for PD motor symptoms. The study was a triple blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial with 40 idiopathic PD patients receiving either active tPBM (635 nm plus 810 nm LEDs) or sham tPBM for 24 min per day (56.88J), six days per week, for 12 weeks. The primary outcome measures were treatment safety and a 37-item MDS-UPDRS-III (motor domain) assessed at baseline and 12 weeks. Individual MDS-UPDRS-III items were clustered into sub-score domains (facial, upper-limb, lower-limb, gait, and tremor). The treatment produced no safety concerns or adverse events, apart from occasional temporary and minor dizziness. There was no significant difference in total MDS-UPDRS-III scores between groups, presumably due to the placebo effect. Additional analyses demonstrated that facial and lower-limb sub-scores significantly improved with active treatment, while gait and lower-limb sub-scores significantly improved with sham treatment. Approximately 70% of participants responded to active treatment (≥5 decrease in MDS-UPDRS-III score) and improved in all sub-scores, while sham responders improved in lower-limb sub-scores only. tPBM appears to be a safe treatment and improved several PD motor symptoms in patients that responded to treatment. tPBM is proving to be increasingly attractive as a possible non-pharmaceutical adjunct therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claire McGee
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Torrens University Australia, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia
| | - Ann Liebert
- School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia
- Department of Research and Governance, Sydney Adventist Hospital, Wahroonga, NSW 2076, Australia
- NICM Health Research Institute, University of Western Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Brian Bicknell
- NICM Health Research Institute, University of Western Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Vincent Pang
- NICM Health Research Institute, University of Western Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
| | - Vivian Isaac
- School of Allied Health, Exercise & Sports Sciences, Faculty of Science & Health, Charles Sturt University, Albury Campus, Albury, NSW 2640, Australia
| | - Craig S McLachlan
- Centre for Healthy Futures, Torrens University Australia, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia
| | - Hosen Kiat
- NICM Health Research Institute, University of Western Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia
- Centre for Healthy Futures, Torrens University Australia, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia
- Faculty of Medicine, Human and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, NSW 2109, Australia
- College of Health and Medicine, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
- Cardiac Health Institute, Sydney, NSW 2000, Australia
| | - Geoffrey Herkes
- College of Health and Medicine, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia
- Department of Neurology, Sydney Adventist Hospital, Wahroonga, NSW 2076, Australia
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Martinez-Martin P, Skorvanek M, Henriksen T, Lindvall S, Domingos J, Alobaidi A, Kandukuri PL, Chaudhari VS, Patel AB, Parra JC, Pike J, Antonini A. Impact of advanced Parkinson's disease on caregivers: an international real-world study. J Neurol 2023; 270:2162-2173. [PMID: 36633671 PMCID: PMC9835744 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-022-11546-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Caring for a partner or family member with Parkinson's disease (PD) negatively affects the caregiver's own physical and emotional well-being, especially those caring for people with advanced PD (APD). This study was designed to examine the impact of APD on caregiver perceived burden, quality of life (QoL), and health status. METHODS Dyads of people with PD and their primary caregivers were identified from the Adelphi Parkinson's Disease Specific Program (DSP™) using real-world data from the United States, Japan and five European countries. Questionnaires were used to capture measures of clinical burden (people with PD) and caregiver burden (caregivers). RESULTS Data from 721 patient-caregiver dyads in seven countries were captured. Caregivers had a mean age 62.6 years, 71.6% were female, and 70.4% were a spouse. Caregivers for people with APD had a greater perceived burden, were more likely to take medication and had lower caregiver treatment satisfaction than those caring for people with early or intermediate PD; similar findings were observed for caregivers of people with intermediate versus early PD. Caregivers for people with intermediate PD were also less likely to be employed than those with early PD (25.3% vs 42.4%) and spent more time caring (6.6 vs 3.2 h/day). CONCLUSIONS This real-world study demonstrates that caregivers of people with APD experience a greater burden than those caring for people with early PD. This highlights the importance of including caregiver-centric measures in future studies, and emphasizes the need for implementing treatments that reduce caregiver burden in APD. TRIAL REGISTRATION N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Martinez-Martin
- grid.413448.e0000 0000 9314 1427Center for Networked Biomedical Research, Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Matej Skorvanek
- grid.11175.330000 0004 0576 0391Department of Neurology, P. J. Šafárik University, Košice, Slovakia
- grid.412894.20000 0004 0619 0183Department of Neurology, University Hospital L. Pasteur, Košice, Slovakia
| | - Tove Henriksen
- grid.475435.4Movement Disorder Clinic, University Hospital of Bispebjerg, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | | | - Josefa Domingos
- European Parkinson’s Disease Association (EPDA), Sevenoaks, UK
| | - Ali Alobaidi
- grid.431072.30000 0004 0572 4227AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, IL USA
- grid.185648.60000 0001 2175 0319University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL USA
| | | | | | - Apeksha B. Patel
- grid.431072.30000 0004 0572 4227AbbVie Inc., North Chicago, IL USA
| | | | - James Pike
- Adelphi Real World, Adelphi Mill, Bollington, UK
| | - Angelo Antonini
- grid.5608.b0000 0004 1757 3470Movement Disorders Unit, Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
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25
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Ilardi CR, di Maio G, Villano I, Messina G, Monda V, Messina A, Porro C, Panaro MA, Gamboz N, Iavarone A, La Marra M. The assessment of executive functions to test the integrity of the nigrostriatal network: A pilot study. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1121251. [PMID: 37063521 PMCID: PMC10090354 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1121251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BackgroundParkinson’s disease (PD) is a chronic neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms. The latter mainly include affective, sleep, and cognitive deficits. Non-demented PD patients often demonstrate impairments in several executive domains following neuropsychological evaluation. The current pilot study aims at assessing the discriminatory power of the Frontal Assessment Battery-15 (FAB15) in differentiating (i) non-demented PD patients and healthy controls and (ii) PD patients with more and less pronounced motor symptoms.MethodsThirty-nine non-demented early-stage PD patients in the “on” dopamine state (26 females, mean age = 64.51 years, SD = 6.47, mean disease duration = 5.49 years, SD = 2.28) and 39 healthy participants (24 females, mean age = 62.60 years, SD = 5.51) were included in the study. All participants completed the FAB15. Motor symptoms of PD patients were quantified via the Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale-Part III (UPDRS-Part III) and Hoehn and Yahr staging scale (H&Y).ResultsThe FAB15 score, adjusted according to normative data for sex, age, and education, proved to be sufficiently able to discriminate PD patients from healthy controls (AUC = 0.69 [95% CI 0.60–0.75], SE = 0.06, p = 0.04, optimal cutoff = 11.29). Conversely, the battery lacked sufficient discriminative capability to differentiate PD patients based on the severity of motor symptoms.ConclusionThe FAB15 may be a valid tool for distinguishing PD patients from healthy controls. However, it might be less sensitive in identifying clinical phenotypes characterized by visuospatial impairments resulting from posteroparietal and/or temporal dysfunctions. In line with previous evidence, the battery demonstrated to be not expendable in the clinical practice for monitoring the severity of PD-related motor symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Girolamo di Maio
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Ines Villano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
- *Correspondence: Ines Villano,
| | - Giovanni Messina
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Monda
- Department of Movement Sciences and Wellbeing, University of Naples “Parthenope”, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonietta Messina
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Chiara Porro
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Maria Antonietta Panaro
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Nadia Gamboz
- Laboratory of Experimental Psychology, Suor Orsola Benincasa University, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Marco La Marra
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
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Lima IS, Pêgo AC, Martins AC, Prada AR, Barros JT, Martins G, Gozzelino R. Gut Dysbiosis: A Target for Protective Interventions against Parkinson’s Disease. Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11040880. [PMID: 37110302 PMCID: PMC10146107 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11040880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Sub-chronic inflammation, caused by age-related dysbiosis, primes the brain to neuroinflammation and neurodegenerative diseases. Evidence revealed that Parkinson’s disease (PD) might originate in the gut, demonstrating gastro-intestinal disturbances, as reported by PD patients long before developing motor symptoms. In this study, we conducted comparative analyses in relatively young and old mice maintained in conventional or gnotobiotic conditions. We aimed to confirm that the effects induced by age-related dysbiosis, rather than aging itself, sensitize to PD onset. This hypothesis was confirmed in germ-free (GF) mice, which proved resistant to the pharmacological induction of PD, regardless of their age. Contrary to conventional animals, old GF mice did not develop an inflammatory phenotype or an accumulation of iron in the brain, two catalysts sensitizing to disease onset. The resistance of GF mice to PD is reverted when colonized with stool collected from conventional old animals, but not if receiving bacterial content from young mice. Hence, changes in gut microbiota composition are a risk factor for PD development and can be targeted preventively by iron chelators, shown to protect the brain from pro-inflammatory intestinal priming that sensitizes to neuroinflammation and the development of severe PD.
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27
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Ning B, Wang Z, Wu Q, Deng Q, Yang Q, Gao J, Fu W, Deng Y, Wu B, Huang X, Mei J, Fu W. Acupuncture inhibits autophagy and repairs synapses by activating the mTOR pathway in Parkinson's disease depression model rats. Brain Res 2023; 1808:148320. [PMID: 36914042 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2023] [Indexed: 03/13/2023]
Abstract
Acupuncture is a good treatment for depression in Parkinson's disease (DPD), so the possible mechanism of acupuncture in the treatment of DPD was explored in this study. Firstly, observing the behavioral changes of the DPD rat model, the regulation of monoamine neurotransmitters dopamine (DA) and 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) in the midbrain, the change of α-synuclein (α-syn) in the striatum, the efficacy of acupuncture in the treatment of DPD was discussed. Secondly, autophagy inhibitors and activators were selected to judge the effect of acupuncture on autophagy in the DPD rat model. Finally, an mTOR inhibitor was used to observe the effect of acupuncture on the mTOR pathway in the DPD rat model. The results showed that acupuncture could improve the motor and depressive symptoms of DPD model rats, increase the content of DA and 5-HT, and decrease the content of ɑ-syn in the striatum. Acupuncture inhibited the expression of autophagy in the striatum of DPD model rats. At the same time, acupuncture upregulates p-mTOR expression, inhibits autophagy, and promotes synaptic protein expression. Therefore, we concluded that acupuncture might improve the behavior of DPD model rats by activating the mTOR pathway, inhibiting autophagy from removing α-syn and repairing synapses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baile Ning
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhifang Wang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian Wu
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiyue Deng
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Gao
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wen Fu
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ying Deng
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bingxin Wu
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xichang Huang
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jilin Mei
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wenbin Fu
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China; The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.
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O'Shea SA, Shih LC. Global Epidemiology of Movement Disorders: Rare or Underdiagnosed? Semin Neurol 2023; 43:4-16. [PMID: 36893797 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1764140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
In this manuscript, we review the epidemiology of movement disorders including Parkinson's disease (PD), atypical parkinsonism, essential tremor, dystonia, functional movement disorders, tic disorders, chorea, and ataxias. We emphasize age-, sex-, and geography-based incidence and prevalence, as well as notable trends including the rising incidence and prevalence of PD. Given the growing global interest in refining clinical diagnostic skills in recognizing movement disorders, we highlight some key epidemiological findings that may be of interest to clinicians and health systems tasked with diagnosing and managing the health of patients with movement disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A O'Shea
- Department of Neurology, Columbia University, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York City, New York
| | - Ludy C Shih
- Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.,Department of Neurology, Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts
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29
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Dong-Chen X, Yong C, Yang X, Chen-Yu S, Li-Hua P. Signaling pathways in Parkinson's disease: molecular mechanisms and therapeutic interventions. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:73. [PMID: 36810524 PMCID: PMC9944326 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01353-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 74.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease worldwide, and its treatment remains a big challenge. The pathogenesis of PD may be related to environmental and genetic factors, and exposure to toxins and gene mutations may be the beginning of brain lesions. The identified mechanisms of PD include α-synuclein aggregation, oxidative stress, ferroptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and gut dysbiosis. The interactions among these molecular mechanisms complicate the pathogenesis of PD and pose great challenges to drug development. At the same time, the diagnosis and detection of PD are also one of obstacles to the treatment of PD due to its long latency and complex mechanism. Most conventional therapeutic interventions for PD possess limited effects and have serious side effects, heightening the need to develop novel treatments for this disease. In this review, we systematically summarized the pathogenesis, especially the molecular mechanisms of PD, the classical research models, clinical diagnostic criteria, and the reported drug therapy strategies, as well as the newly reported drug candidates in clinical trials. We also shed light on the components derived from medicinal plants that are newly identified for their effects in PD treatment, with the expectation to provide the summary and outlook for developing the next generation of drugs and preparations for PD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Dong-Chen
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Chen Yong
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Xu Yang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - ShenTu Chen-Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Peng Li-Hua
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, 310058, Hangzhou, P. R. China. .,State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, P. R. China.
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Akrama G, Sitzmann L, Baumann C. Der Einfluss vom Exergaming mit kommerziell verfügbaren Spielkonsolen auf die Balance und Lebensqualität bei Menschen mit idiopathischem Parkinson-Syndrom – Eine systematische Übersichtsarbeit. PHYSIOSCIENCE 2023. [DOI: 10.1055/a-1844-5641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Zusammenfassung
Hintergrund Exergaming könnte als Kombination aus Spielspaß und Training ein effektiver Therapie-Ansatz bei Gleichgewichtsstörungen und verminderte Lebensqualität (QoL) bei Parkinson-Patient*innen sein. Zugängliche Arten von Exergaming mit kommerziellen Spielkonsolen wurden bisher nicht umfassend untersucht.
Ziel Untersuchung der Fragestellung, ob Exergaming mit kommerziell verfügbaren Spielkonsolen die Balance und QoL von Patient*innen mit Morbus Parkinson verbessert.
Methode Es erfolgte eine systematische Literaturrecherche in den Datenbanken MEDLINE, Cochrance Library, EMBASE, CINHAL und PEDro. Berücksichtigt wurden Studien, die Patient*innen mit Morbus Parkinson mit kommerziell verfügbaren Exergaming-Konsolen behandelten. Als Messinstrument für Balance wurden „Berg Balance Scale“ (BBS) und „Dynamic Gait Index“ (DGI) festgelegt. Die QoL wurde mittels „Parkinsonʼs Disease Questionnaire“ (PDQ-39) evaluiert. Das Verzerrungsrisikos wurde mithilfe der PEDro-Skala und MINORS eingeschätzt. Die Studienergebnisse wurden tabellarisch zusammengefasst und ausführlich gegenübergestellt.
Ergebnisse Es wurden insgesamt 6 randomisierte kontrollierte Studien sowie 6 Kohortenstudien eingeschlossen. Die Studien umfassten insgesamt 413 Proband*innen, wovon 205 die Exergaming-Intervention erhielten. Die Analyse dieser Studien bestätigte einen positiven Effekt von Exergaming mit kommerziellen Spielkonsolen auf die Balance (BBS, DGI) und QoL (PDQ-39) bei Patient*innen mit Morbus Parkinson im ersten bis dritten Hoehn-und-Yahr-Stadium (H&Y-Stadium).
Schlussfolgerung Exergaming mit kommerziell verfügbaren Spielkonsolen kann zur Verbesserung der Balance und QoL bei Patient*innen mit Morbus Parkinson im H&Y-Stadium 1–3 verwendet werden. Für die Untersuchung des Heim-Exergaming werden weitere Studien benötigt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaith Akrama
- Hochschule Fulda, Fachbereich Pflege und Gesundheit, Fulda, Deutschland
| | - Lennert Sitzmann
- Hochschule Fulda, Fachbereich Pflege und Gesundheit, Fulda, Deutschland
| | - Christian Baumann
- Hochschule Fulda, Fachbereich Pflege und Gesundheit, Fulda, Deutschland
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Roy S, Sen S, Saha S, Deb SK, Singh B, Biswas G. Design, synthesis and molecular docking studies of 5-fluoro 1-aryl/alkyl sulfonyl benzimidazole derivatives for treatment of Parkinson’s disease. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10426507.2022.2150852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Subarna Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Cooch Behar Panchanan Barma University, Cooch Behar, West Bengal, India
| | - Subhadeep Sen
- Department of Chemistry, Cooch Behar Panchanan Barma University, Cooch Behar, West Bengal, India
| | - Samiran Saha
- Department of Chemistry, Cooch Behar Panchanan Barma University, Cooch Behar, West Bengal, India
| | - Sandip Kumar Deb
- Department of Chemistry, Cooch Behar Panchanan Barma University, Cooch Behar, West Bengal, India
| | - Bhagat Singh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina, Greensboro, NC, USA
| | - Goutam Biswas
- Department of Chemistry, Cooch Behar Panchanan Barma University, Cooch Behar, West Bengal, India
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Gallardo-Fernández M, Hornedo-Ortega R, Cerezo AB, Troncoso AM, Garcia-Parrilla MC. Hydroxytyrosol and dopamine metabolites: Anti-aggregative effect and neuroprotective activity against α-synuclein-induced toxicity. Food Chem Toxicol 2022; 171:113542. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2022.113542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 11/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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Estimation of Caenorhabditis Elegans Lifespan Stages Using a Dual-Path Network Combining Biomarkers and Physiological Changes. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9110689. [PMID: 36421090 PMCID: PMC9687340 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9110689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Assessing individual aging has always been an important topic in aging research. Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) has a short lifespan and is a popular model organism widely utilized in aging research. Studying the differences in C. elegans life stages is of great significance for human health and aging. In order to study the differences in C. elegans lifespan stages, the classification of lifespan stages is the first task to be performed. In the past, biomarkers and physiological changes captured with imaging were commonly used to assess aging in isogenic C. elegans individuals. However, all of the current research has focused only on physiological changes or biomarkers for the assessment of aging, which affects the accuracy of assessment. In this paper, we combine two types of features for the assessment of lifespan stages to improve assessment accuracy. To fuse the two types of features, an improved high-efficiency network (Att-EfficientNet) is proposed. In the new EfficientNet, attention mechanisms are introduced so that accuracy can be further improved. In addition, in contrast to previous research, which divided the lifespan into three stages, we divide the lifespan into six stages. We compared the classification method with other CNN-based methods as well as other classic machine learning methods. The results indicate that the classification method has a higher accuracy rate (72%) than other CNN-based methods and some machine learning methods.
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Mehanna R, Smilowska K, Fleisher J, Post B, Hatano T, Pimentel Piemonte ME, Kumar KR, McConvey V, Zhang B, Tan E, Savica R. Age Cutoff for Early-Onset Parkinson's Disease: Recommendations from the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society Task Force on Early Onset Parkinson's Disease. Mov Disord Clin Pract 2022; 9:869-878. [PMID: 36247919 PMCID: PMC9547138 DOI: 10.1002/mdc3.13523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Early-onset Parkinson's disease (EOPD)/young-onset Parkinson's disease (YOPD) is defined as Parkinson's disease (PD) with an age at onset (AAO) after age 21 years but before the usual AAO for PD. Consensus is lacking, and the reported maximal age for EOPD/YOPD has varied from 40 to 60 years, leading to a lack of uniformity in published studies and difficulty in harmonization of data. EOPD and YOPD have both been used in the literature, somewhat interchangeably. Objective To define the nomenclature and AAO cutoff for EOPD/YOPD. Methods An extensive review of the literature and task force meetings were conducted. Conclusions were reached by consensus. Results First, the literature has seen a shift from the use of YOPD toward EOPD. This seems motivated by an attempt to avoid age-related stigmatization of patients. Second, in defining EOPD, 56% of the countries use 50 or 51 years as the cutoff age. Third, the majority of international genetic studies in PD use an age cutoff of younger than 50 years to define EOPD. Fourth, many studies suggest that changes in the estrogen level can affect the predisposition to develop PD, making the average age at menopause of 50 years an important factor to consider when defining EOPD. Fifth, considering the differential impact of the AAO of PD on professional and social life, using 50 years as the upper cutoff for the definition of EOPD seems reasonable. Conclusions This task force recommends the use of EOPD rather than YOPD. It defines EOPD as PD with AAO after 21 years but before 50 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raja Mehanna
- UTMove, Departement of NeurologyUniversity of Texas Health Science Center at HoustonHoustonTexasUSA
| | - Katarzyna Smilowska
- Department of NeurologySilesian Center of NeurologyKatowicePoland
- Department of Neurology5th Regional HospitalSosnowiecPoland
| | - Jori Fleisher
- Department of Neurological SciencesRush University School of MedicineChicagoIllinoisUSA
| | - Bart Post
- Department of NeurologyRadboudumcNijmegenThe Netherlands
| | - Taku Hatano
- Department of NeurologyJuntendo University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Maria Elisa Pimentel Piemonte
- Physical Therapy, Speech Therapy, and Occupational TherapyDepartment, Medical School, University of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Kishore Raj Kumar
- Molecular Medicine Laboratory and Department of Neurology, Concord Repatriation General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine and HealthUniversity of SydneySydneyNew South WalesAustralia
- Kinghorn Centre for Clinical GenomicsGarvan Institute of Medical ResearchDarlinghurstNew South WalesAustralia
| | | | - Baorong Zhang
- Department of NeurologyThe Second Affiliated HospitalHangzhouChina
| | - Eng‐King Tan
- Department of NeurologyNational Neuroscience InstituteSingaporeSingapore
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Xu J, Zheng Y, Wang L, Liu Y, Wang X, Li Y, Chi G. miR-124: A Promising Therapeutic Target for Central Nervous System Injuries and Diseases. Cell Mol Neurobiol 2022; 42:2031-2053. [PMID: 33886036 DOI: 10.1007/s10571-021-01091-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Central nervous system injuries and diseases, such as ischemic stroke, spinal cord injury, neurodegenerative diseases, glioblastoma, multiple sclerosis, and the resulting neuroinflammation often lead to death or long-term disability. MicroRNAs are small, non-coding, single-stranded RNAs that regulate posttranscriptional gene expression in both physiological and pathological cellular processes, including central nervous system injuries and disorders. Studies on miR-124, one of the most abundant microRNAs in the central nervous system, have shown that its dysregulation is related to the occurrence and development of pathology within the central nervous system. Herein, we review the molecular regulatory functions, underlying mechanisms, and effective delivery methods of miR-124 in the central nervous system, where it is involved in pathological conditions. The review also provides novel insights into the therapeutic target potential of miR-124 in the treatment of human central nervous system injuries or diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinying Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yangyang Zheng
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangjia Wang
- Clinical Medical College, Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yining Liu
- Clinical Medical College, Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, People's Republic of China
| | - Xishu Wang
- Clinical Medical College, Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yulin Li
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Guangfan Chi
- The Key Laboratory of Pathobiology, Ministry of Education, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Jilin University, Changchun, 130000, People's Republic of China.
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Development of Halogenated-Chalcones Bearing with Dimethoxy Phenyl Head as Monoamine Oxidase-B Inhibitors. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15091152. [PMID: 36145373 PMCID: PMC9503132 DOI: 10.3390/ph15091152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Two series of dimethoxy-halogenated chalcones (DM1−DM20) were synthesized and tested for their ability to inhibit monoamine oxidase (MAOs). Compound DM2 exhibited the most significant inhibition against MAO-B with an IC50 value of 0.067 µM, followed by compound DM18 (IC50 = 0.118 µM), with selectivity index (SI) values of 93.88 and >338.98, respectively. However, none of the substances successfully inhibited MAO-A. The MAO-B inhibitors DM2 and DM18 were competitive and reversible, with Ki values of 0.032 ± 0.004 and 0.045 ± 0.001 µM, respectively. DM2 was non-toxic below 100 µg/mL in the cytotoxic test using the Vero epithelial cell line by the MTT method. According to molecular docking studies, DM2 and DM18 formed very similar conformations within the MAO-B binding pocket, with the ortho-chlorine and ortho-fluorine aromatic rings sandwiched between F168 and Y326. These conformations were predicted to show better interactions with the targeted MAO-B than MAO-A. In particular, the induced-fit docking of the dimethoxy phenyl ring of DM2 facing the hydrophobic pocket made up of FAD, Y398, and Y435 had an impact on F168 in the docking pocket. Taken together, DM2 and DM18 may be suitable candidates for treating neurodegenerative conditions such as Parkinson’s disease.
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Salles PA, Liao J, Shuaib U, Mata IF, Fernandez HH. A Review on Response to Device-Aided Therapies Used in Monogenic Parkinsonism and GBA Variants Carriers: A Need for Guidelines and Comparative Studies. JOURNAL OF PARKINSON'S DISEASE 2022; 12:1703-1725. [PMID: 35662127 PMCID: PMC9535575 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-212986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is in some cases predisposed-or-caused by genetic variants, contributing to the expression of different phenotypes. Regardless of etiology, as the disease progresses, motor fluctuations and/or levodopa-induced dyskinesias limit the benefit of pharmacotherapy. Device-aided therapies are good alternatives in advanced disease, including deep brain stimulation (DBS), levodopa-carbidopa intestinal gel, and continuous subcutaneous infusion of apomorphine. Candidate selection and timing are critical for the success of such therapies. Genetic screening in DBS cohorts has shown a higher proportion of mutation carriers than in general cohorts, suggesting that genetic factors may influence candidacy for advanced therapies. The response of monogenic PD to device therapies is not well established, and the contribution of genetic information to decision-making is still a matter of debate. The limited evidence regarding gene-dependent response to device-aided therapies is reviewed here. An accurate understanding of the adequacy and responses of different mutation carriers to device-aided therapies requires the development of specific studies with long-term monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philippe A Salles
- Center for Neurological Restoration, Cleveland Clinic Neurological Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Centro de Trastornos del Movimiento, CETRAM, Santiago, Chile
| | - James Liao
- Center for Neurological Restoration, Cleveland Clinic Neurological Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Umar Shuaib
- Center for Neurological Restoration, Cleveland Clinic Neurological Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Ignacio F Mata
- Lerner Research Institute, Genomic Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Hubert H Fernandez
- Center for Neurological Restoration, Cleveland Clinic Neurological Institute, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Хамадьянова АУ, Кузнецов КО, Гайфуллина ЭИ, Каландин ДА, Хамидуллина РР, Халитова ИФ, Фаизов РМ, Камалетдинова НО, Асланова БФ, Накиева АГ, Бурангулова ЛЭ, Гайсина ГО. [Androgens and Parkinson's disease: the role in humans and in experiment]. PROBLEMY ENDOKRINOLOGII 2022; 68:146-156. [PMID: 36689720 PMCID: PMC9939975 DOI: 10.14341/probl13148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer's disease. There is evidence that PD has a wider prevalence among men, which indicates the existing role of sex hormones in the pathogenesis of the disease. The article presents an overview of studies devoted to the study of sex differences in the incidence and symptoms of PD. Drug therapy with androgens, androgen precursors, antiandrogens and drugs that modify androgen metabolism is available for the treatment of various endocrine conditions, having translational significance for PD, but none of these drugs has yet shown sufficient effectiveness. Although PD has now been proven to be more common in men than in women, androgens do not always have any effect on the symptoms or progression of the disease. 5α-reductase inhibitors have shown neuroprotective and anti-dyskinetic activity and need further investigation. Despite the fact that the neuroprotective effect of dutasteride was observed only before damage to DA neurons, the absence of a negative effect makes it an attractive drug for use in patients with PD due to its anti-dyskinetic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Д. А. Каландин
- Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. И.П. Павлова
| | | | | | - Р. М. Фаизов
- Башкирский государственный медицинский университет
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Mysiris DS, Vavougios GD, Karamichali E, Papoutsopoulou S, Stavrou VT, Papayianni E, Boutlas S, Mavridis T, Foka P, Zarogiannis SG, Gourgoulianis K, Xiromerisiou G. Post-COVID-19 Parkinsonism and Parkinson's Disease Pathogenesis: The Exosomal Cargo Hypothesis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:9739. [PMID: 36077138 PMCID: PMC9456372 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23179739] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer's disease, globally. Dopaminergic neuron degeneration in substantia nigra pars compacta and aggregation of misfolded alpha-synuclein are the PD hallmarks, accompanied by motor and non-motor symptoms. Several viruses have been linked to the appearance of a post-infection parkinsonian phenotype. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by emerging severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, has evolved from a novel pneumonia to a multifaceted syndrome with multiple clinical manifestations, among which neurological sequalae appear insidious and potentially long-lasting. Exosomes are extracellular nanovesicles bearing a complex cargo of active biomolecules and playing crucial roles in intercellular communication under pathophysiological conditions. Exosomes constitute a reliable route for misfolded protein transmission, contributing to PD pathogenesis and diagnosis. Herein, we summarize recent evidence suggesting that SARS-CoV-2 infection shares numerous clinical manifestations and inflammatory and molecular pathways with PD. We carry on hypothesizing that these similarities may be reflected in exosomal cargo modulated by the virus in correlation with disease severity. Travelling from the periphery to the brain, SARS-CoV-2-related exosomal cargo contains SARS-CoV-2 RNA, viral proteins, inflammatory mediators, and modified host proteins that could operate as promoters of neurodegenerative and neuroinflammatory cascades, potentially leading to a future parkinsonism and PD development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - George D. Vavougios
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Cyprus, Lefkosia 1678, Cyprus
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Testing and Rehabilitation, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece
| | - Eirini Karamichali
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, 11521 Athens, Greece
| | - Stamatia Papoutsopoulou
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Thessaly, Mezourlo, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Vasileios T. Stavrou
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Testing and Rehabilitation, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece
| | - Eirini Papayianni
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Testing and Rehabilitation, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece
| | - Stylianos Boutlas
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Testing and Rehabilitation, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece
| | - Theodoros Mavridis
- 1st Neurology Department, Eginition Hospital, Medical School, National & Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11528 Athens, Greece
| | - Pelagia Foka
- Molecular Virology Laboratory, Hellenic Pasteur Institute, 11521 Athens, Greece
| | - Sotirios G. Zarogiannis
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, Biopolis, 41500 Larissa, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Gourgoulianis
- Laboratory of Pulmonary Testing and Rehabilitation, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece
| | - Georgia Xiromerisiou
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Larissa, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, 41110 Larissa, Greece
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40
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Bianchi VE, Rizzi L, Somaa F. The role of nutrition on Parkinson's disease: a systematic review. Nutr Neurosci 2022; 26:605-628. [PMID: 35730414 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2022.2073107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD) in elderly patients is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disease. The pathogenesis of PD is associated with dopaminergic neuron degeneration of the substantia nigra in the basal ganglia, causing classic motor symptoms. Oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and neuroinflammation have been identified as possible pathways in laboratory investigations. Nutrition, a potentially versatile factor from all environmental factors affecting PD, has received intense research scrutiny. METHODS A systematic search was conducted in the MEDLINE, EMBASE, and WEB OF SCIENCE databases from 2000 until the present. Only randomized clinical trials (RCTs), observational case-control studies, and follow-up studies were included. RESULTS We retrieved fifty-two studies that met the inclusion criteria. Most selected studies investigated the effects of malnutrition and the Mediterranean diet (MeDiet) on PD incidence and progression. Other investigations contributed evidence on the critical role of microbiota, vitamins, polyphenols, dairy products, coffee, and alcohol intake. CONCLUSIONS There are still many concerns regarding the association between PD and nutrition, possibly due to underlying genetic and environmental factors. However, there is a body of evidence revealing that correcting malnutrition, gut microbiota, and following the MeDiet reduced the onset of PD and reduced clinical progression. Other factors, such as polyphenols, polyunsaturated fatty acids, and coffee intake, can have a potential protective effect. Conversely, milk and its accessory products can increase PD risk. Nutritional intervention is essential for neurologists to improve clinical outcomes and reduce the disease progression of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laura Rizzi
- School of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, Monza, Italy
| | - Fahad Somaa
- King Abdulaziz University, Department of occupational therapy. Jeddah, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
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Gnanaraj C, Sekar M, Fuloria S, Swain SS, Gan SH, Chidambaram K, Rani NNIM, Balan T, Stephenie S, Lum PT, Jeyabalan S, Begum MY, Chandramohan V, Thangavelu L, Subramaniyan V, Fuloria NK. In Silico Molecular Docking Analysis of Karanjin against Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Diseases as a Potential Natural Lead Molecule for New Drug Design, Development and Therapy. Molecules 2022; 27:2834. [PMID: 35566187 PMCID: PMC9100660 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD) are neurodegenerative disorders that have emerged as among the serious health problems of the 21st century. The medications currently available to treat AD and PD have limited efficacy and are associated with side effects. Natural products are one of the most vital and conservative sources of medicines for treating neurological problems. Karanjin is a furanoflavonoid, isolated mainly from Pongamia pinnata with several medicinal plants, and has been reported for numerous health benefits. However, the effect of karanjin on AD and PD has not yet been systematically investigated. To evaluate the neuroprotective effect of karanjin, extensive in silico studies starting with molecular docking against five putative targets for AD and four targets for PD were conducted. The findings were compared with three standard drugs using Auto Dock 4.1 and Molegro Virtual Docker software. Additionally, the physiochemical properties (Lipinski rule of five), drug-likeness and parameters including absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination and toxicity (ADMET) profiles of karanjin were also studied. The molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed with two selective karanjin docking complexes to analyze the dynamic behaviors and binding free energy at 100 ns time scale. In addition, frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs) and density-functional theory (DFT) were also investigated from computational quantum mechanism perspectives using the Avogadro-ORCA 1.2.0 platform. Karanjin complies with all five of Lipinski's drug-likeness rules with suitable ADMET profiles for therapeutic use. The docking scores (kcal/mol) showed comparatively higher potency against AD and PD associated targets than currently used standard drugs. Overall, the potential binding affinity from molecular docking, static thermodynamics feature from MD-simulation and other multiparametric drug-ability profiles suggest that karanjin could be considered as a suitable therapeutic lead for AD and PD treatment. Furthermore, the present results were strongly correlated with the earlier study on karanjin in an Alzheimer's animal model. However, necessary in vivo studies, clinical trials, bioavailability, permeability and safe dose administration, etc. must be required to use karanjin as a potential drug against AD and PD treatment, where the in silico results are more helpful to accelerate the drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Gnanaraj
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Royal College of Medicine Perak, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Ipoh 30450, Malaysia; (C.G.); (N.N.I.M.R.); (T.B.)
| | - Mahendran Sekar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Royal College of Medicine Perak, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Ipoh 30450, Malaysia;
| | - Shivkanya Fuloria
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Centre of Excellence for Biomaterials Engineering, AIMST University, Bedong 08100, Malaysia
| | - Shasank S. Swain
- Division of Microbiology and NCDs, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre, Bhubaneswar 751023, India;
| | - Siew Hua Gan
- School of Pharmacy, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia;
| | - Kumarappan Chidambaram
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 62529, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Nur Najihah Izzati Mat Rani
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Royal College of Medicine Perak, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Ipoh 30450, Malaysia; (C.G.); (N.N.I.M.R.); (T.B.)
| | - Tavamani Balan
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Royal College of Medicine Perak, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Ipoh 30450, Malaysia; (C.G.); (N.N.I.M.R.); (T.B.)
| | - Sarah Stephenie
- School of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Quest International University Perak, Jalan Raja Permaisuri Bainun, Ipoh 30250, Malaysia;
| | - Pei Teng Lum
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Royal College of Medicine Perak, Universiti Kuala Lumpur, Ipoh 30450, Malaysia;
| | - Srikanth Jeyabalan
- Department of Pharmacology, Sri Ramachandra Faculty of Pharmacy, Sri Ramachandra Institute of Higher Education and Research (DU), Porur, Chennai 600116, India;
| | - M. Yasmin Begum
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Khalid University, Abha 61421, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Vivek Chandramohan
- Department of Biotechnology, Siddaganga Institute of Technology, Tumakuru 572103, India;
| | - Lakshmi Thangavelu
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India;
| | - Vetriselvan Subramaniyan
- Faculty of Medicine, Bioscience and Nursing, MAHSA University, Jalan SP 2, Bandar Saujana Putra, Jenjarom 42610, Malaysia;
| | - Neeraj Kumar Fuloria
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Centre of Excellence for Biomaterials Engineering, AIMST University, Bedong 08100, Malaysia
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Department of Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India;
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Abstract
Amyloids are protein aggregates bearing a highly ordered cross β structural motif, which may be functional but are mostly pathogenic. Their formation, deposition in tissues and consequent organ dysfunction is the central event in amyloidogenic diseases. Such protein aggregation may be brought about by conformational changes, and much attention has been directed toward factors like metal binding, post-translational modifications, mutations of protein etc., which eventually affect the reactivity and cytotoxicity of the associated proteins. Over the past decade, a global effort from different groups working on these misfolded/unfolded proteins/peptides has revealed that the amino acid residues in the second coordination sphere of the active sites of amyloidogenic proteins/peptides cause changes in H-bonding pattern or protein-protein interactions, which dramatically alter the structure and reactivity of these proteins/peptides. These second sphere effects not only determine the binding of transition metals and cofactors, which define the pathology of some of these diseases, but also change the mechanism of redox reactions catalyzed by these proteins/peptides and form the basis of oxidative damage associated with these amyloidogenic diseases. The present review seeks to discuss such second sphere modifications and their ramifications in the etiopathology of some representative amyloidogenic diseases like Alzheimer's disease (AD), type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2Dm), Parkinson's disease (PD), Huntington's disease (HD), and prion diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhuparna Roy
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Arnab Kumar Nath
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Ishita Pal
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Somdatta Ghosh Dey
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A & 2B, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata 700032, India
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Bock MA, Tanner CM. The epidemiology of cognitive function in Parkinson's disease. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2022; 269:3-37. [PMID: 35248199 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2022.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiology is the study of the distribution of disease in human populations, which is important in evaluating burden of illness, identifying modifiable risk factors, and planning for current and projected needs of the health care system. Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common serious neurodegenerative illness and is expected to further increase in prevalence. Cognitive changes are increasingly viewed as an integral non-motor feature in PD, emerging even in the prodromal phase of the disease. The prevalence of PD-MCI ranges from 20% to 40% depending on the population studied. The incidence of PD-dementia increases with duration of disease, with estimates growing from 3% to 30% of individuals followed for 5 years or less to over 80% after 20 years. There are several challenges in estimating the frequency of cognitive change, including only recently standardized diagnostic criteria, variation depending on exact neuropsychological evaluations performed, and differences in population sampling. Clinical features associated with cognitive decline include older age, increased disease duration and severity, early gait dysfunction, dysautonomia, hallucinations and other neuropsychiatric features, the presence of REM behavior disorder, and posterior predominant dysfunction on neuropsychological testing. There is increasing evidence that genetic risk factors, in particular GBA and MAPT mutations, contribute to cognitive change. Possible protective factors include higher cognitive reserve and regular exercise. Important sequelae of cognitive decline in PD include higher caregiver burden, decreased functional status, and increased risk of institutionalization and mortality. Many remaining uncertainties regarding the epidemiology of cognitive change in PD require future research, with improved biomarkers and more sensitive and convenient outcome measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meredith A Bock
- Movement Disorders and Neuromodulation Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States; Mental Illness Research, Education, and Clinical Center, San Francisco Veteran's Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, United States; Parkinson's Disease Research Education and Clinical Center, San Francisco Veteran's Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Caroline M Tanner
- Movement Disorders and Neuromodulation Center, Department of Neurology, Weill Institute for Neuroscience, University of California, San Francisco, CA, United States; Parkinson's Disease Research Education and Clinical Center, San Francisco Veteran's Affairs Health Care System, San Francisco, CA, United States.
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Martinez Marinho M, Broseghini Barcelos L, Hyczy de Siqueira Tosin M, Candeias da Silva C, Borges V, Ballalai Ferraz H, Silva Centeno R. Effect of bilateral deep brain stimulation on the subthalamic nucleus on patients with Parkinson's disease: An observational and non-blinded study. INTERDISCIPLINARY NEUROSURGERY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inat.2021.101380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Bivol S, Mellick GD, Gratten J, Parker R, Mulcahy A, Mosley PE, Poortvliet PC, Campos AI, Mitchell BL, Garcia-Marin LM, Cross S, Ferguson M, Lind PA, Loesch DZ, Visscher PM, Medland SE, Scherzer CR, Martin NG, Rentería ME. Australian Parkinson's Genetics Study (APGS): pilot (n=1532). BMJ Open 2022; 12:e052032. [PMID: 35217535 PMCID: PMC8883215 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2021-052032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder associated with progressive disability. While the precise aetiology is unknown, there is evidence of significant genetic and environmental influences on individual risk. The Australian Parkinson's Genetics Study seeks to study genetic and patient-reported data from a large cohort of individuals with PD in Australia to understand the sociodemographic, genetic and environmental basis of PD susceptibility, symptoms and progression. PARTICIPANTS In the pilot phase reported here, 1819 participants were recruited through assisted mailouts facilitated by Services Australia based on having three or more prescriptions for anti-PD medications in their Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme records. The average age at the time of the questionnaire was 64±6 years. We collected patient-reported information and sociodemographic variables via an online (93% of the cohort) or paper-based (7%) questionnaire. One thousand five hundred and thirty-two participants (84.2%) met all inclusion criteria, and 1499 provided a DNA sample via traditional post. FINDINGS TO DATE 65% of participants were men, and 92% identified as being of European descent. A previous traumatic brain injury was reported by 16% of participants and was correlated with a younger age of symptom onset. At the time of the questionnaire, constipation (36% of participants), depression (34%), anxiety (17%), melanoma (16%) and diabetes (10%) were the most reported comorbid conditions. FUTURE PLANS We plan to recruit sex-matched and age-matched unaffected controls, genotype all participants and collect non-motor symptoms and cognitive function data. Future work will explore the role of genetic and environmental factors in the aetiology of PD susceptibility, onset, symptoms, and progression, including as part of international PD research consortia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Bivol
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - George D Mellick
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery (GRIDD), Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Jacob Gratten
- Mater Research, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Richard Parker
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Aoibhe Mulcahy
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Philip E Mosley
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Peter C Poortvliet
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery (GRIDD), Griffith University, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Adrian I Campos
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Brittany L Mitchell
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Luis M Garcia-Marin
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Simone Cross
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Mary Ferguson
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Penelope A Lind
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Danuta Z Loesch
- School of Psychology and Public Health, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Peter M Visscher
- Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Sarah E Medland
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Psychology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Clemens R Scherzer
- Center for Advanced Parkinson Research, Harvard Medical School and Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Precision Neurology Program, Harvard Medical School and Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Program in Neuroscience, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Miguel E Rentería
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Center for Advanced Parkinson Research, Harvard Medical School and Brigham & Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
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Salemi M, Lanza G, Mogavero MP, Cosentino FII, Borgione E, Iorio R, Ventola GM, Marchese G, Salluzzo MG, Ravo M, Ferri R. A Transcriptome Analysis of mRNAs and Long Non-Coding RNAs in Patients with Parkinson's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1535. [PMID: 35163455 PMCID: PMC8836138 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder. The number of cases of PD is expected to double by 2030, representing a heavy burden on the healthcare system. Clinical symptoms include the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra of the midbrain, which leads to striatal dopamine deficiency and, subsequently, causes motor dysfunction. Certainly, the study of the transcriptome of the various RNAs plays a crucial role in the study of this neurodegenerative disease. In fact, the aim of this study was to evaluate the transcriptome in a cohort of subjects with PD compared with a control cohort. In particular we focused on mRNAs and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA), using the Illumina NextSeq 550 DX System. Differential expression analysis revealed 716 transcripts with padj ≤ 0.05; among these, 630 were mRNA (coding protein), lncRNA, and MT_tRNA. Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA, Qiagen) was used to perform the functional and pathway analysis. The highest statistically significant pathways were: IL-15 signaling, B cell receptor signaling, systemic lupus erythematosus in B cell signaling pathway, communication between innate and adaptive immune cells, and melatonin degradation II. Our findings further reinforce the important roles of mitochondria and lncRNA in PD and, in parallel, further support the concept of inverse comorbidity between PD and some cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michele Salemi
- Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy; (G.L.); (F.I.I.C.); (E.B.); (M.G.S.); (R.F.)
| | - Giuseppe Lanza
- Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy; (G.L.); (F.I.I.C.); (E.B.); (M.G.S.); (R.F.)
- Department of Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
| | | | - Filomena I. I. Cosentino
- Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy; (G.L.); (F.I.I.C.); (E.B.); (M.G.S.); (R.F.)
| | - Eugenia Borgione
- Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy; (G.L.); (F.I.I.C.); (E.B.); (M.G.S.); (R.F.)
| | - Roberta Iorio
- Genomix4Life Srl, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (R.I.); (G.M.V.); (G.M.); (M.R.)
- Genome Research Center for Health—CRGS, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Giovanna Maria Ventola
- Genomix4Life Srl, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (R.I.); (G.M.V.); (G.M.); (M.R.)
- Genome Research Center for Health—CRGS, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Giovanna Marchese
- Genomix4Life Srl, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (R.I.); (G.M.V.); (G.M.); (M.R.)
- Genome Research Center for Health—CRGS, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Salluzzo
- Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy; (G.L.); (F.I.I.C.); (E.B.); (M.G.S.); (R.F.)
| | - Maria Ravo
- Genomix4Life Srl, 84081 Baronissi, Italy; (R.I.); (G.M.V.); (G.M.); (M.R.)
- Genome Research Center for Health—CRGS, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Raffaele Ferri
- Oasi Research Institute-IRCCS, 94018 Troina, Italy; (G.L.); (F.I.I.C.); (E.B.); (M.G.S.); (R.F.)
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47
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A Transcriptome Analysis of mRNAs and Long Non-Coding RNAs in Patients with Parkinson's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022. [PMID: 35163455 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031535.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder. The number of cases of PD is expected to double by 2030, representing a heavy burden on the healthcare system. Clinical symptoms include the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra of the midbrain, which leads to striatal dopamine deficiency and, subsequently, causes motor dysfunction. Certainly, the study of the transcriptome of the various RNAs plays a crucial role in the study of this neurodegenerative disease. In fact, the aim of this study was to evaluate the transcriptome in a cohort of subjects with PD compared with a control cohort. In particular we focused on mRNAs and long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA), using the Illumina NextSeq 550 DX System. Differential expression analysis revealed 716 transcripts with padj ≤ 0.05; among these, 630 were mRNA (coding protein), lncRNA, and MT_tRNA. Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA, Qiagen) was used to perform the functional and pathway analysis. The highest statistically significant pathways were: IL-15 signaling, B cell receptor signaling, systemic lupus erythematosus in B cell signaling pathway, communication between innate and adaptive immune cells, and melatonin degradation II. Our findings further reinforce the important roles of mitochondria and lncRNA in PD and, in parallel, further support the concept of inverse comorbidity between PD and some cancers.
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48
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Spathopoulou A, Edenhofer F, Fellner L. Targeting α-Synuclein in Parkinson's Disease by Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell Models. Front Neurol 2022; 12:786835. [PMID: 35145469 PMCID: PMC8821105 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.786835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a progressive, neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms. To date, no specific treatment to halt disease progression is available, only medication to alleviate symptoms can be prescribed. The main pathological hallmark of PD is the development of neuronal inclusions, positive for α-synuclein (α-syn), which are termed Lewy bodies (LBs) or Lewy neurites. However, the cause of the inclusion formation and the loss of neurons remain largely elusive. Various genetic determinants were reported to be involved in PD etiology, including SNCA, DJ-1, PRKN, PINK1, LRRK2, and GBA. Comprehensive insights into pathophysiology of PD critically depend on appropriate models. However, conventional model organisms fall short to faithfully recapitulate some features of this complex disease and as a matter-of-fact access to physiological tissue is limiting. The development of disease models replicating PD that are close to human physiology and dynamic enough to analyze the underlying molecular mechanisms of disease initiation and progression, as well as the generation of new treatment options, is an important and overdue step. Recently, the establishment of induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived neural models, particularly from genetic PD-variants, developed into a promising strategy to investigate the molecular mechanisms regarding formation of inclusions and neurodegeneration. As these iPSC-derived neurons can be generated from accessible biopsied samples of PD patients, they carry pathological alterations and enable the possibility to analyze the differences compared to healthy neurons. This review focuses on iPSC models carrying genetic PD-variants of α-syn that will be especially helpful in elucidating the pathophysiological mechanisms of PD. Furthermore, we discuss how iPSC models can be instrumental in identifying cellular targets, potentially leading to the development of new therapeutic treatments. We will outline the enormous potential, but also discuss the limitations of iPSC-based α-syn models.
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49
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Sorboni SG, Moghaddam HS, Jafarzadeh-Esfehani R, Soleimanpour S. A Comprehensive Review on the Role of the Gut Microbiome in Human Neurological Disorders. Clin Microbiol Rev 2022; 35:e0033820. [PMID: 34985325 PMCID: PMC8729913 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00338-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 167] [Impact Index Per Article: 83.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The human body is full of an extensive number of commensal microbes, consisting of bacteria, viruses, and fungi, collectively termed the human microbiome. The initial acquisition of microbiota occurs from both the external and maternal environments, and the vast majority of them colonize the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). These microbial communities play a central role in the maturation and development of the immune system, the central nervous system, and the GIT system and are also responsible for essential metabolic pathways. Various factors, including host genetic predisposition, environmental factors, lifestyle, diet, antibiotic or nonantibiotic drug use, etc., affect the composition of the gut microbiota. Recent publications have highlighted that an imbalance in the gut microflora, known as dysbiosis, is associated with the onset and progression of neurological disorders. Moreover, characterization of the microbiome-host cross talk pathways provides insight into novel therapeutic strategies. Novel preclinical and clinical research on interventions related to the gut microbiome for treating neurological conditions, including autism spectrum disorders, Parkinson's disease, schizophrenia, multiple sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy, and stroke, hold significant promise. This review aims to present a comprehensive overview of the potential involvement of the human gut microbiome in the pathogenesis of neurological disorders, with a particular emphasis on the potential of microbe-based therapies and/or diagnostic microbial biomarkers. This review also discusses the potential health benefits of the administration of probiotics, prebiotics, postbiotics, and synbiotics and fecal microbiota transplantation in neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Reza Jafarzadeh-Esfehani
- Blood Borne Infectious Research Center, Academic Center for Education, Culture and Research (ACECR)-Khorasan Razavi, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Saman Soleimanpour
- Antimicrobial Resistance Research Centre, Bu-Ali Research Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Department of Microbiology and Virology, School of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
- Metabolic Syndrome Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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50
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Bourque M, Soulet D, Di Paolo T. Androgens and Parkinson's Disease: A Review of Human Studies and Animal Models. ANDROGENS: CLINICAL RESEARCH AND THERAPEUTICS 2022; 2:294-303. [PMID: 35024696 PMCID: PMC8744006 DOI: 10.1089/andro.2021.0011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer's disease. A greater prevalence and incidence of PD are reported in men than in women, suggesting a potential contribution of sex, genetic difference and/or sex hormones. This review presents an overview of epidemiological and clinical studies investigating sex differences in the incidence and symptoms of PD. This sex difference is replicated in animal models of PD showing an important neuroprotective role of sex steroids. Therefore, although gender and genetic factors likely contribute to the sex difference in PD, focus here will be on sex hormones because of their neuroprotective role. Androgens receive less attention than estrogen. It is well known that endogenous androgens are more abundant in healthy men than in women and decrease with aging; lower levels are reported in PD men than in healthy male subjects. Drug treatments with androgens, androgen precursors, antiandrogens, and drugs modifying androgen metabolism are available to treat various endocrine conditions, thus having translational value for PD but none have yet given sufficient positive effects for PD. Variability in the androgen receptor is reported in humans and is an additional factor in the response to androgens. In animal models of PD used to study neuroprotective activity, the androgens testosterone and dihydrotestosterone have given inconsistent results. 5α-Reductase inhibitors have shown neuroprotective activity in animal models of PD and antidyskinetic activity. Hence, androgens have not consistently shown beneficial or deleterious effects in PD but numerous androgen-related drugs are available that could be repurposed for PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mélanie Bourque
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Neurosciences, Québec, Canada
| | - Denis Soulet
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Neurosciences, Québec, Canada.,Faculté de pharmacie, Pavillon Ferdinand-Vandry, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Thérèse Di Paolo
- Centre de Recherche du CHU de Québec-Université Laval, Axe Neurosciences, Québec, Canada.,Faculté de pharmacie, Pavillon Ferdinand-Vandry, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
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