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Permezel F, Alty J, Harding IH, Thyagarajan D. Brain Networks Involved in Sensory Perception in Parkinson's Disease: A Scoping Review. Brain Sci 2023; 13:1552. [PMID: 38002513 PMCID: PMC10669548 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci13111552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's Disease (PD) has historically been considered a disorder of motor dysfunction. However, a growing number of studies have demonstrated sensory abnormalities in PD across the modalities of proprioceptive, tactile, visual, auditory and temporal perception. A better understanding of these may inform future drug and neuromodulation therapy. We analysed these studies using a scoping review. In total, 101 studies comprising 2853 human participants (88 studies) and 125 animals (13 studies), published between 1982 and 2022, were included. These highlighted the importance of the basal ganglia in sensory perception across all modalities, with an additional role for the integration of multiple simultaneous sensation types. Numerous studies concluded that sensory abnormalities in PD result from increased noise in the basal ganglia and increased neuronal receptive field size. There is evidence that sensory changes in PD and impaired sensorimotor integration may contribute to motor abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fiona Permezel
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia; (F.P.); (I.H.H.)
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55901, USA
| | - Jane Alty
- Wicking Dementia Research and Education Centre, University of Tasmania, Hobart 7001, Australia;
| | - Ian H. Harding
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia; (F.P.); (I.H.H.)
| | - Dominic Thyagarajan
- Department of Neuroscience, Monash University, Melbourne 3004, Australia; (F.P.); (I.H.H.)
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Macedo-Lima M, Remage-Healey L. Dopamine Modulation of Motor and Sensory Cortical Plasticity among Vertebrates. Integr Comp Biol 2021; 61:316-336. [PMID: 33822047 PMCID: PMC8600016 DOI: 10.1093/icb/icab019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Goal-directed learning is a key contributor to evolutionary fitness in animals. The neural mechanisms that mediate learning often involve the neuromodulator dopamine. In higher order cortical regions, most of what is known about dopamine's role is derived from brain regions involved in motivation and decision-making, while significantly less is known about dopamine's potential role in motor and/or sensory brain regions to guide performance. Research on rodents and primates represents over 95% of publications in the field, while little beyond basic anatomy is known in other vertebrate groups. This significantly limits our general understanding of how dopamine signaling systems have evolved as organisms adapt to their environments. This review takes a pan-vertebrate view of the literature on the role of dopamine in motor/sensory cortical regions, highlighting, when available, research on non-mammalian vertebrates. We provide a broad perspective on dopamine function and emphasize that dopamine-induced plasticity mechanisms are widespread across all cortical systems and associated with motor and sensory adaptations. The available evidence illustrates that there is a strong anatomical basis-dopamine fibers and receptor distributions-to hypothesize that pallial dopamine effects are widespread among vertebrates. Continued research progress in non-mammalian species will be crucial to further our understanding of how the dopamine system evolved to shape the diverse array of brain structures and behaviors among the vertebrate lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matheus Macedo-Lima
- Neuroscience and Behavior Program, Center for Neuroendocrine Studies, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
- CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil, 70040-031 Brasília, Brazil
| | - Luke Remage-Healey
- Neuroscience and Behavior Program, Center for Neuroendocrine Studies, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
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Supplementary motor area contributes to carrying previous movement information over to current movement. Neuroreport 2020; 32:223-227. [PMID: 33395190 DOI: 10.1097/wnr.0000000000001578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of the present study was to determine the cortical areas contributing to the influence of the previous movement on the current movement. Right-handed healthy human participants abducted and then adducted the left index finger in response to a start cue. Twenty consecutive trials with 10 s intertrial intervals were performed in each trial block. An odd-numbered trial was considered to be the previous trial, and a trial immediately after the previous trial (even-numbered trial) was the current trial. In each trial block, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was given over one of the seven TMS sites with the start cue in the previous trial. The TMS site was over the supplementary motor area (SMA), right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, right dorsal premotor cortex, right or left posterior parietal cortex or right primary sensory cortex. Sham TMS, producing magnetic stimulation with the coil tilting 90 degrees off the scalp, was delivered over the Cz. In the current trial, TMS was not delivered. The correlation coefficient of the reaction time between the previous and current trials was positive and significant in the sham TMS trial block. This indicates that the current movement is partially dependent on the previous movement. The correlation coefficient of the reaction time between the previous and current movements in the SMA trial block was significantly different from that in the sham TMS trial block, indicating that the SMA contributes to the influence of the previous movement on the current movement. The SMA contributes to carrying the responsiveness level in the previous movement over to the current movement.
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Martin-Rodriguez JF, Mir P. Short-afferent inhibition and cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease: A quantitative review and challenges. Neurosci Lett 2020; 719:133679. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2018.06.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Iwata Y, Jono Y, Mizusawa H, Kinoshita A, Hiraoka K. Interhemispheric Inhibition Induced by Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Over Primary Sensory Cortex. Front Hum Neurosci 2016; 10:438. [PMID: 27630554 PMCID: PMC5006631 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2016.00438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Accepted: 08/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated whether the long-interval interhemispheric inhibition (LIHI) is induced by the transcranial magnetic stimulation over the primary sensory area (S1-TMS) without activation of the conditioning side of the primary motor area (M1) contributing to the contralateral motor evoked potential (MEP), whether the S1-TMS-induced LIHI is dependent on the status of the S1 modulated by the tactile input, and whether the pathways mediating the LIHI are different from those mediating the M1-TMS-induced LIHI. In order to give the TMS over the S1 without eliciting the MEP, the intensity of the S1-TMS was adjusted to be the sub-motor-threshold level and the trials with the MEP response elicited by the S1-TMS were discarded online. The LIHI was induced by the S1-TMS given 40 ms before the test TMS in the participants with the attenuation of the tactile perception of the digit stimulation (TPDS) induced by the S1-TMS, indicating that the LIHI is induced by the S1-TMS without activation of the conditioning side of the M1 contributing to the contralateral MEP in the participants in which the pathways mediating the TPDS is sensitive to the S1-TMS. The S1-TMS-induced LIHI was positively correlated with the attenuation of the TPDS induced by the S1-TMS, indicating that the S1-TMS-induced LIHI is dependent on the effect of the S1-TMS on the pathways mediating the TPDS at the S1. In another experiment, the effect of the digit stimulation given before the conditioning TMS on the S1- or M1-TMS-induced LIHI was examined. The digit stimulation produces tactile input to the S1 causing change in the status of the S1. The S1-TMS-induced LIHI was enhanced when the S1-TMS was given in the period in which the tactile afferent volley produced by the digit stimulation just arrived at the S1, while the LIHI induced by above-motor-threshold TMS over the contralateral M1 was not enhanced by the tactile input. Thus, the S1-TMS-induced LIHI is dependent on the status of the S1 modulated by the tactile input, and the pathways mediating the sub-motor-threshold S1-TMS-induced LIHI are not the same as the pathways mediating the above-motor-threshold M1-TMS-induced LIHI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasuyuki Iwata
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Rehabilitation, Osaka Prefecture University Habikino, Japan
| | - Yasutomo Jono
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Rehabilitation, Osaka Prefecture University Habikino, Japan
| | - Hiroki Mizusawa
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Rehabilitation, Osaka Prefecture University Habikino, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kinoshita
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Rehabilitation, Osaka Prefecture University Habikino, Japan
| | - Koichi Hiraoka
- College of Health and Human Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University Habikino, Japan
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Yeo S, Choe IH, van den Noort M, Bosch P, Jahng GH, Rosen B, Kim SH, Lim S. Acupuncture on GB34 activates the precentral gyrus and prefrontal cortex in Parkinson's disease. Altern Ther Health Med 2014; 14:336. [PMID: 25220656 PMCID: PMC4175221 DOI: 10.1186/1472-6882-14-336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2013] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acupuncture is increasingly used as an additional treatment for patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). METHODS In this functional magnetic resonance imaging study, brain activation in response to acupuncture in a group of 12 patients with PD was compared with a group of 12 healthy participants. Acupuncture was conducted on a specific acupoint, the right GB 34 (Yanglingquan), which is a frequently used acupoint for motor function treatment in the oriental medical field. RESULTS Acupuncture stimulation on this acupoint activates the prefrontal cortex, precentral gyrus, and putamen in patients with PD; areas that are known to be impaired in patients with PD. Compared with healthy participants, patients with PD showed significantly higher brain activity in the prefrontal cortex and precentral gyrus, especially visible in the left hemisphere. CONCLUSIONS The neuroimaging results of our study suggest that in future acupuncture research; the prefrontal cortex as well as the precentral gyrus should be treated for symptoms of Parkinson's disease and that GB 34 seems to be a suitable acupoint. Moreover, acupuncture evoked different brain activations in patients with Parkinson's disease than in healthy participants in our study, stressing the importance of conducting acupuncture studies on both healthy participants as well as patients within the same study, in order to detect acupuncture efficacy. TRIAL REGISTRATION KCT0001122 at cris.nih.go.kr (registration date: 20140530).
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Song W, Kerr CC, Lytton WW, Francis JT. Cortical plasticity induced by spike-triggered microstimulation in primate somatosensory cortex. PLoS One 2013; 8:e57453. [PMID: 23472086 PMCID: PMC3589388 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0057453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2012] [Accepted: 01/24/2013] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrical stimulation of the nervous system for therapeutic purposes, such as deep brain stimulation in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease, has been used for decades. Recently, increased attention has focused on using microstimulation to restore functions as diverse as somatosensation and memory. However, how microstimulation changes the neural substrate is still not fully understood. Microstimulation may cause cortical changes that could either compete with or complement natural neural processes, and could result in neuroplastic changes rendering the region dysfunctional or even epileptic. As part of our efforts to produce neuroprosthetic devices and to further study the effects of microstimulation on the cortex, we stimulated and recorded from microelectrode arrays in the hand area of the primary somatosensory cortex (area 1) in two awake macaque monkeys. We applied a simple neuroprosthetic microstimulation protocol to a pair of electrodes in the area 1 array, using either random pulses or pulses time-locked to the recorded spiking activity of a reference neuron. This setup was replicated using a computer model of the thalamocortical system, which consisted of 1980 spiking neurons distributed among six cortical layers and two thalamic nuclei. Experimentally, we found that spike-triggered microstimulation induced cortical plasticity, as shown by increased unit-pair mutual information, while random microstimulation did not. In addition, there was an increased response to touch following spike-triggered microstimulation, along with decreased neural variability. The computer model successfully reproduced both qualitative and quantitative aspects of the experimental findings. The physiological findings of this study suggest that even simple microstimulation protocols can be used to increase somatosensory information flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiguo Song
- Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
| | - Cliff C. Kerr
- Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
- School of Physics, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- * E-mail:
| | - William W. Lytton
- Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
- Department of Neurology, Kings County Hospital, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
- The Robert Furchgott Center for Neural and Behavioral Science, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
- Joint Graduate Program in Biomedical Engineering SUNY Downstate and NYU-POLY, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
| | - Joseph T. Francis
- Departments of Physiology and Pharmacology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
- The Robert Furchgott Center for Neural and Behavioral Science, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
- Joint Graduate Program in Biomedical Engineering SUNY Downstate and NYU-POLY, Brooklyn, New York, United States of America
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Yeo S, Lim S, Choe IH, Choi YG, Chung KC, Jahng GH, Kim SH. Acupuncture stimulation on GB34 activates neural responses associated with Parkinson's disease. CNS Neurosci Ther 2013; 18:781-90. [PMID: 22943145 DOI: 10.1111/j.1755-5949.2012.00363.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD) is a degenerative brain disorder that is caused by neural defects in the substantia nigra. Numerous studies have reported that acupuncture treatment on GB34 (Yanglingquan) leads to significant improvements in patients with PD and in PD animal models. Studies using functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) have shown that patients with PD, compared to healthy participants, have lower neural responses in extensive brain regions including the putamen, thalamus, and the supplementary motor area. OBJECTIVE This study investigated the reported association between acupuncture point GB34 and PD. METHODS Using fMRI, neural responses of 12 patients with PD and 12 healthy participants were examined before and after acupuncture stimulation. RESULTS Acupuncture stimulation increased neural responses in regions including the substantia nigra, caudate, thalamus, and putamen, which are impaired caused by PD. CONCLUSIONS Areas associated with PD were activated by the acupuncture stimulation on GB34. This shows that acupuncture treatment on GB34 may be effective in improving the symptoms of PD. Although more randomized controlled trials on the topic will be needed, this study shows that acupuncture may be helpful in the treatment of symptoms involving PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sujung Yeo
- Department of Meridian & Acupoint, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Abnormal somatosensory processing may contribute to motor impairments observed in Parkinson's disease (PD). Dopaminergic medications have been shown to alter somatosensory processing such that tactile perception is improved. In PD, it remains unclear whether the temporal sequencing of tactile stimuli is altered and if dopaminergic medications alter this perception. METHODS Somatosensory tactile perception was investigated using temporal order judgment in patients with Parkinson's disease on and off dopaminergic medications and in aged-matched healthy controls. Measures of temporal order judgment were acquired using computer controlled stimulation to digits 2 and 3 on the right hand and subjects were required to determine which stimuli occurred first. Two experimental tasks were compared, temporal order judgment without and with synchronization whereby digits 2 and 3 were vibrated synchronously in advance of the temporal order judgment sequence of stimuli. RESULTS Temporal order judgment in PD patients of and on medications were similar to controls. Temporal order judgment preceded by synchronous vibration impaired tactical acuity in controls and in PD patients off medications to similar degrees, but this perceptual impairment by synchronous vibration was not present in PD patients on medications. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that dopamine in PD reduces cortico-cortical connectivity with SI and this leads to changes in tactical sensitivity.
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