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Ebrahimi R, Golestani A. The emerging role of noncoding RNAs in neuroinflammation: Implications in pathogenesis and therapeutic approaches. J Cell Physiol 2021; 237:1206-1224. [PMID: 34724212 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) are important regulators of gene expression in different cell processes. Due to their ability in monitoring neural development genes, these transcripts confer neurons with the potential to exert broad control over the expression of genes for performing neurobiological functions. Although the change of ncRNA expression in different neurodegenerative diseases has been reviewed elsewhere, only recent evidence drove our attention to unravel the involvement of these molecules in neuroinflammation within these devastating disorders. Remarkably, the interactions between ncRNAs and inflammatory pathways are not fully recognized. Therefore, this review has focused on the interplay between diverse inflammatory pathways and the related ncRNAs, including microRNAs, long noncoding RNAs, and competing endogenous RNAs in Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's diseases, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, Huntington's disease, and prion diseases. Providing novel insights in the field of combining biomarkers is a critical step for using them as diagnostic tools and therapeutic targets in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyhane Ebrahimi
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Students' Scientific Research Center (SSRC), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abolfazl Golestani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Derf A, Mudududdla R, Akintade D, Williams IS, Abdullaha M, Chaudhuri B, Bharate SB. Nonantioxidant Tetramethoxystilbene Abrogates α-Synuclein-Induced Yeast Cell Death but Not That Triggered by the Bax or βA4 Peptide. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:9513-9532. [PMID: 31459084 PMCID: PMC6645319 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b01154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/02/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The overexpression of α-synuclein (α-syn) and its aggregation is the hallmark of Parkinson's disease. The α-syn aggregation results in the formation of Lewy bodies that causes neuronal cell death. Therefore, the small molecules that can protect neuronal cells from α-syn toxicity or inhibit the aggregation of α-syn could emerge as anti-Parkinson agents. Herein, a library of methoxy-stilbenes was screened for their ability to restore the cell growth from α-syn toxicity, using a yeast strain that stably expresses two copies of a chromosomally integrated human α-syn gene. Tetramethoxy-stilbene 4s, a nonantioxidant, was the most capable of restoring cell growth. It also rescues the more toxic cells that bear three copies of wild-type or A53T-mutant α-syn, from cell growth block. Its EC50 values for growth restoration of the 2-copy wild-type and the 3-copy mutant α-syn strains are 0.95 and 0.35 μM, respectively. Stilbene 4s mitigates mitochondrial membrane potential loss, negates ROS production, and prevents nuclear DNA-fragmentation, all hallmarks of apoptosis. However, 4s does not rescue cells from the death-inducing effects of Bax and βA4, which suggest that 4s specifically inhibits α-syn-mediated toxicity in the yeast. Our results signify that simultaneous use of multiple yeast-cell-based screens can facilitate revelation of compounds that may have the potential for further investigation as anti-Parkinson's agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Derf
- Leicester
School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester LE1 7RH, U.K.
- CYP
Design Ltd, Innovation Centre, 49 Oxford Street, Leicester LE1 5XY, U.K.
| | - Ramesh Mudududdla
- Medicinal
Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of
Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
- Academy
of Scientific & Innovative Research, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Damilare Akintade
- Leicester
School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester LE1 7RH, U.K.
| | - Ibidapo S. Williams
- Leicester
School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester LE1 7RH, U.K.
| | - Mohd Abdullaha
- Medicinal
Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of
Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
- Academy
of Scientific & Innovative Research, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
| | - Bhabatosh Chaudhuri
- Leicester
School of Pharmacy, De Montfort University, Leicester LE1 7RH, U.K.
- CYP
Design Ltd, Innovation Centre, 49 Oxford Street, Leicester LE1 5XY, U.K.
| | - Sandip B. Bharate
- Medicinal
Chemistry Division, Indian Institute of
Integrative Medicine (CSIR), Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
- Academy
of Scientific & Innovative Research, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Canal Road, Jammu 180001, India
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