1
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Zhang X, Wu H, Tang B, Guo J. Clinical, mechanistic, biomarker, and therapeutic advances in GBA1-associated Parkinson's disease. Transl Neurodegener 2024; 13:48. [PMID: 39267121 PMCID: PMC11391654 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-024-00437-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 08/17/2024] [Indexed: 09/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease. The development of PD is closely linked to genetic and environmental factors, with GBA1 variants being the most common genetic risk. Mutations in the GBA1 gene lead to reduced activity of the coded enzyme, glucocerebrosidase, which mediates the development of PD by affecting lipid metabolism (especially sphingolipids), lysosomal autophagy, endoplasmic reticulum, as well as mitochondrial and other cellular functions. Clinically, PD with GBA1 mutations (GBA1-PD) is characterized by particular features regarding the progression of symptom severity. On the therapeutic side, the discovery of the relationship between GBA1 variants and PD offers an opportunity for targeted therapeutic interventions. In this review, we explore the genotypic and phenotypic correlations, etiologic mechanisms, biomarkers, and therapeutic approaches of GBA1-PD and summarize the current state of research and its challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuxiang Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Heng Wu
- Department of Neurology, Multi-Omics Research Center for Brain Disorders, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
- Clinical Research Center for Immune-Related Encephalopathy of Hunan Province, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Beisha Tang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Department of Neurology, Multi-Omics Research Center for Brain Disorders, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Neurodegenerative and Neurogenetic Diseases, Changsha, 410008, China
- Center for Medical Genetics and Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- Engineering Research Center of Hunan Province in Cognitive Impairment Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China
| | - Jifeng Guo
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- Hunan International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Neurodegenerative and Neurogenetic Diseases, Changsha, 410008, China.
- Center for Medical Genetics and Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- Engineering Research Center of Hunan Province in Cognitive Impairment Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, China.
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2
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Guevara CA, Alloo K, Gupta S, Thomas R, del Valle P, Magee AR, Benson DL, Huntley GW. Parkinson's LRRK2-G2019S risk gene mutation drives sex-specific behavioral and cellular adaptations to chronic variable stress. Front Behav Neurosci 2024; 18:1445184. [PMID: 39328984 PMCID: PMC11425082 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2024.1445184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2024] [Accepted: 08/27/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Anxiety is a psychiatric non-motor symptom of Parkinson's that can appear in the prodromal period, prior to significant loss of midbrain dopamine neurons and motor symptoms. Parkinson's-related anxiety affects females more than males, despite the greater prevalence of Parkinson's in males. How stress, anxiety and Parkinson's are related and the basis for a sex-specific impact of stress in Parkinson's are not clear. We addressed this using young adult male and female mice carrying a G2019S knockin mutation of leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (Lrrk2 G2019S) and Lrrk2 WT control mice. In humans, LRRK2 G2019S significantly elevates the risk of late-onset Parkinson's. To assess within-sex differences between Lrrk2 G2019S and control mice in stress-induced anxiety-like behaviors in young adulthood, we used a within-subject design whereby Lrrk2 G2019S and Lrrk2 WT control mice underwent tests of anxiety-like behaviors before (baseline) and following a 28 day (d) variable stress paradigm. There were no differences in behavioral measures between genotypes in males or females at baseline, indicating that the mutation alone does not produce anxiety-like responses. Following chronic stress, male Lrrk2 G2019S mice were affected similarly to male wildtypes except for novelty-suppressed feeding, where stress had no impact on Lrrk2 G2019S mice while significantly increasing latency to feed in Lrrk2 WT control mice. Female Lrrk2 G2019S mice were impacted by chronic stress similarly to wildtype females across all behavioral measures. Subsequent post-stress analyses compared cFos immunolabeling-based cellular activity patterns across several stress-relevant brain regions. The density of cFos-activated neurons across brain regions in both male and female Lrrk2 G2019S mice was generally lower compared to stressed Lrrk2 WT mice, except for the nucleus accumbens of male Lrrk2 G2019S mice, where cFos-labeled cell density was significantly higher than all other groups. Together, these data suggest that the Lrrk2 G2019S mutation differentially impacts anxiety-like behavioral responses to chronic stress in males and females that may reflect sex-specific adaptations observed in circuit activation patterns in some, but not all stress-related brain regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A. Guevara
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, New York, NY, United States
- Friedman Brain Institute, New York, NY, United States
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Kumayl Alloo
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, New York, NY, United States
- Friedman Brain Institute, New York, NY, United States
- Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY, United States
| | - Swati Gupta
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, New York, NY, United States
- Friedman Brain Institute, New York, NY, United States
| | - Romario Thomas
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, New York, NY, United States
- Friedman Brain Institute, New York, NY, United States
| | - Pamela del Valle
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, New York, NY, United States
- Friedman Brain Institute, New York, NY, United States
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Alexandra R. Magee
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, New York, NY, United States
- Friedman Brain Institute, New York, NY, United States
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - Deanna L. Benson
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, New York, NY, United States
- Friedman Brain Institute, New York, NY, United States
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
| | - George W. Huntley
- Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, New York, NY, United States
- Friedman Brain Institute, New York, NY, United States
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, United States
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3
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Tezuka T, Ishiguro M, Taniguchi D, Osogaguchi E, Shiba-Fukushima K, Ogata J, Ishii R, Ikeda A, Li Y, Yoshino H, Matsui T, Kaida K, Funayama M, Nishioka K, Kumazawa F, Matsubara T, Tsuda H, Saito Y, Murayama S, Imai Y, Hattori N. Clinical characteristics and pathophysiological properties of newly discovered LRRK2 variants associated with Parkinson's disease. Neurobiol Dis 2024; 199:106571. [PMID: 38901781 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2024.106571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) is the most common gene responsible for familial Parkinson's disease (PD). The gene product of LRRK2 contains multiple protein domains, including armadillo repeat, ankyrin repeat, leucine-rich repeat (LRR), Ras-of-complex (ROC), C-terminal of ROC (COR), kinase, and WD40 domains. In this study, we performed genetic screening of LRRK2 in our PD cohort, detecting sixteen LRRK2 rare variants. Among them, we selected seven variants that are likely to be familial and characterized them in terms of LRRK2 protein function, along with clinical information and one pathological analysis. The seven variants were S1120P and N1221K in the LRR domain; I1339M, S1403R, and V1447M in the ROC domain; and I1658F and D1873H in the COR domain. The kinase activity of the LRRK2 variants N1221K, S1403R, V1447M, and I1658F toward Rab10, a well-known phosphorylation substrate, was higher than that of wild-type LRRK2. LRRK2 D1873H showed enhanced self-association activity, whereas LRRK2 S1403R and D1873H showed reduced microtubule-binding activity. Pathological analysis of a patient with the LRRK2 V1447M variant was also performed, which revealed Lewy pathology in the brainstem. No functional alterations in terms of kinase activity, self-association activity, and microtubule-binding activity were detected in LRRK2 S1120P and I1339M variants. However, the patient with PD carrying LRRK2 S1120P variant also had a heterozygous Glucosylceramidase beta 1 (GBA1) L444P variant. In conclusion, we characterized seven LRRK2 variants potentially associated with PD. Five of the seven variants in different LRRK2 domains exhibited altered properties in kinase activity, self-association, and microtubule-binding activity, suggesting that each domain variant may contribute to disease progression in different ways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toshiki Tezuka
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Department of Neurology, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Mayu Ishiguro
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Daisuke Taniguchi
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Ehoto Osogaguchi
- Department of Research for Parkinson's Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Faculty of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan
| | - Kahori Shiba-Fukushima
- Department of Drug Development for Parkinson's Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Jun Ogata
- Department of Research for Parkinson's Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Ryota Ishii
- Department of Research for Parkinson's Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Aya Ikeda
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Yuanzhe Li
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Department of Diagnosis, Prevention and Treatment of Dementia, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Hiroyo Yoshino
- Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Taro Matsui
- Division of Neurology, Anti-aging, and Vascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan
| | - Kenichi Kaida
- Division of Neurology, Anti-aging, and Vascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan; Department of Neurology, Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University, Kawagoe, Saitama 350-8550, Japan
| | - Manabu Funayama
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Center for Genomic and Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Kenya Nishioka
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan
| | - Fumihisa Kumazawa
- Department of Basic Pathology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan
| | - Tomoyasu Matsubara
- Brain Bank for Aging Research (Department of Neuropathology), Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Tsuda
- Department of Basic Pathology, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan
| | - Yuko Saito
- Brain Bank for Aging Research (Department of Neuropathology), Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
| | - Shigeo Murayama
- Brain Bank for Aging Research (Department of Neuropathology), Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan; Brain Bank for Neurodevelopmental, Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuzuru Imai
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Department of Research for Parkinson's Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.
| | - Nobutaka Hattori
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Department of Research for Parkinson's Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Department of Drug Development for Parkinson's Disease, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Department of Diagnosis, Prevention and Treatment of Dementia, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Center for Genomic and Regenerative Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan; Neurodegenerative Disorders Collaborative Laboratory, RIKEN Center for Brain Science, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
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4
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Guevara CA, Alloo K, Gupta S, Thomas R, Del Valle P, Magee AR, Benson DL, Huntley GW. Parkinson's LRRK2-G2019S risk gene mutation drives sex-specific behavioral and cellular adaptations to chronic variable stress. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.06.05.597647. [PMID: 38895277 PMCID: PMC11185622 DOI: 10.1101/2024.06.05.597647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Anxiety is a psychiatric non-motor symptom of Parkinson's that can appear in the prodromal period, prior to significant loss of brainstem dopamine neurons and motor symptoms. Parkinson's-related anxiety affects females more than males, despite the greater prevalence of Parkinson's in males. How stress, anxiety and Parkinson's are related and the basis for a sex-specific impact of stress in Parkinson's are not clear. We addressed this using young adult male and female mice carrying a G2019S knockin mutation of leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 ( Lrrk2 G2019S ) and Lrrk2 WT control mice. In humans, LRRK2 G2019S significantly elevates the risk of late-onset Parkinson's. To assess within-sex differences between Lrrk2 G2019S and control mice in stress-induced anxiety-like behaviors in young adulthood, we used a within-subject design whereby Lrrk2 G2019S and Lrrk2 WT control mice underwent tests of anxiety-like behaviors before (baseline) and following a 28 day (d) variable stress paradigm. There were no differences in behavioral measures between genotypes in males or females at baseline, indicating that the mutation alone does not produce anxiety-like responses. Following chronic stress, male Lrrk2 G2019S mice were affected similarly to male wildtypes except for novelty-suppressed feeding, where stress had no impact on Lrrk2 G2019S mice while significantly increasing latency to feed in Lrrk2 WT control mice. Female Lrrk2 G2019S mice were impacted by chronic stress similarly to wildtype females across all behavioral measures. Subsequent post-stress analyses compared cFos immunolabeling-based cellular activity patterns across several stress-relevant brain regions. The density of cFos-activated neurons across brain regions in both male and female Lrrk2 G2019S mice was generally lower compared to stressed Lrrk2 WT mice, except for the nucleus accumbens of male Lrrk2 G2019S mice, where cFos-labeled cell density was significantly higher than all other groups. Together, these data suggest that the Lrrk2 G2019S mutation differentially impacts anxiety-like behavioral responses to chronic stress in males and females that may reflect sex-specific adaptations observed in circuit activation patterns in stress-related brain regions.
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5
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Zhou Y, Wang Y, Wan J, Zhao Y, Pan H, Zeng Q, Zhou X, He R, Zhou X, Xiang Y, Zhou Z, Chen B, Sun Q, Xu Q, Tan J, Shen L, Jiang H, Yan X, Li J, Guo J, Tang B, Wu H, Liu Z. Mutational spectrum and clinical features of GBA1 variants in a Chinese cohort with Parkinson's disease. NPJ Parkinsons Dis 2023; 9:129. [PMID: 37658046 PMCID: PMC10474275 DOI: 10.1038/s41531-023-00571-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023] Open
Abstract
GBA1 variants are important risk factors for Parkinson's disease (PD). Most studies assessing GBA1-related PD risk have been performed in European-derived populations. Although the coding region of the GBA1 gene in the Chinese population has been analyzed, the sample sizes were not adequate. In this study, we aimed to investigate GBA1 variants in a large Chinese cohort of patients with PD and healthy control and explore the associated clinical characteristics. GBA1 variants in 4034 patients and 2931 control participants were investigated using whole-exome and whole-genome sequencing. The clinical features of patients were evaluated using several scales. Regression analysis, chi-square, and Fisher exact tests were used to analyze GBA1 variants and the clinical symptoms of different groups. We identified 104 variants, including 8 novel variants, expanding the spectrum of GBA1 variants. The frequency of GBA1 variants in patients with PD was 7.46%, higher than that in the control (1.81%) (P < 0.001, odds ratio [OR] = 4.38, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.26-5.89). Among patients, 176 (4.36%) had severe variants, 34 (0.84%) carried mild variants, three (0.07%) had risk variants, and 88 (2.18%) carried unknown variants. Our study, for the first time, found that p.G241R (P = 0.007, OR = 15.3, 95% CI: 1.25-261.1) and p.S310G (P = 0.005, OR = 4.86, 95% CI: 1.52-28.04) variants increased the risk of PD. Patients with GBA1 variants exhibited an earlier onset age and higher risk of probable rapid-eye-movement sleep behavior disorder, olfactory dysfunction, depression, and autonomic dysfunction than patients without GBA1 variants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yangjie Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yige Wang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Juan Wan
- Department of Neurology, & Multi-Omics Research Center for Brain Disorders, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
| | - Yuwen Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hongxu Pan
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qian Zeng
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xun Zhou
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Runcheng He
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xiaoxia Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Yaqin Xiang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhou Zhou
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Bin Chen
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qiying Sun
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qian Xu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jieqiong Tan
- Centre for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lu Shen
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Centre for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Bioinformatics Center & National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Hong Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Centre for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Xinxiang Yan
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jinchen Li
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Centre for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Bioinformatics Center & National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Jifeng Guo
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Centre for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Beisha Tang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Department of Neurology, & Multi-Omics Research Center for Brain Disorders, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China
- Centre for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Changsha, Hunan, China
- Bioinformatics Center & National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Heng Wu
- Department of Neurology, & Multi-Omics Research Center for Brain Disorders, The First Affiliated Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, China.
- Clinical Research Center for Immune-Related Encephalopathy of Hunan Province, Hengyang, Hunan, China.
| | - Zhenhua Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Centre for Medical Genetics & Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical Genetics, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Changsha, Hunan, China.
- Bioinformatics Center & National Clinical Research Centre for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China.
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6
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Chen D, Zheng Y, Zhang G, Huang Y, Zheng B, Zhang J, Xiong F, Su Q. The loss of function GBA1 c.231C > G mutation associated with Parkinson disease. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2023:10.1007/s00702-023-02651-4. [PMID: 37280314 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-023-02651-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease characterized by bradykinesia, rigidity, and tremor. However, familial PD caused by single-gene mutations remain relatively rare. Herein, we described a Chinese family affected by PD, which associated with a missense heterozygous glucocerebrosidase 1 (GBA1) mutation (c.231C > G). Clinical data on the proband and her family members were collected. Brain MRI showed no difference between affected and unaffected family members. Whole-exome sequencing (WES) was performed to identify the pathogenic mutation. WES revealed that the proband carried a missense mutation (c.231C > G) in GBA1 gene, which was considered to be associated with PD in this family. Sanger sequencing and co-segregation analyses were used to validate the mutation. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that the mutation was predicted to be damaging. In vitro functional analyses were performed to investigated the mutant gene. A decrease in mRNA and protein expression was observed in HEK293T cells transfected with mutant plasmids. The GBA1 c.231C > G mutation caused a decreased GBA1 concentration and enzyme activity. In conclusion, a loss of function mutation (c.231C > G) in GBA1 was identified in a Chinese PD family and was confirmed to be pathogenic through functional studies. This study help the family members understand the disease progression and provide a new example for studying the pathogenesis of GBA1-associated Parkinson disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dejie Chen
- Department of Neurology, Yunfu People's Hospital, Yunfu, China
| | - Yingchun Zheng
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guilian Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Yunfu People's Hospital, Yunfu, China
| | - Yuanbing Huang
- Department of Neurology, Yunfu People's Hospital, Yunfu, China
| | - Boyang Zheng
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Zhongshan School of Medicine, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fu Xiong
- Department of Medical Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Single Cell Technology and Application, Guangzhou, China.
- Department of Fetal Medicine and Prenatal Diagnosis, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Quanxi Su
- Department of Neurology, Yunfu People's Hospital, Yunfu, China.
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7
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Jagota P, Lim S, Pal PK, Lee J, Kukkle PL, Fujioka S, Shang H, Phokaewvarangkul O, Bhidayasiri R, Mohamed Ibrahim N, Ugawa Y, Aldaajani Z, Jeon B, Diesta C, Shambetova C, Lin C. Genetic Movement Disorders Commonly Seen in Asians. Mov Disord Clin Pract 2023; 10:878-895. [PMID: 37332644 PMCID: PMC10272919 DOI: 10.1002/mdc3.13737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The increasing availability of molecular genetic testing has changed the landscape of both genetic research and clinical practice. Not only is the pace of discovery of novel disease-causing genes accelerating but also the phenotypic spectra associated with previously known genes are expanding. These advancements lead to the awareness that some genetic movement disorders may cluster in certain ethnic populations and genetic pleiotropy may result in unique clinical presentations in specific ethnic groups. Thus, the characteristics, genetics and risk factors of movement disorders may differ between populations. Recognition of a particular clinical phenotype, combined with information about the ethnic origin of patients could lead to early and correct diagnosis and assist the development of future personalized medicine for patients with these disorders. Here, the Movement Disorders in Asia Task Force sought to review genetic movement disorders that are commonly seen in Asia, including Wilson's disease, spinocerebellar ataxias (SCA) types 12, 31, and 36, Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker disease, PLA2G6-related parkinsonism, adult-onset neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease (NIID), and paroxysmal kinesigenic dyskinesia. We also review common disorders seen worldwide with specific mutations or presentations that occur frequently in Asians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priya Jagota
- Chulalongkorn Centre of Excellence for Parkinson's Disease and Related Disorders, Department of Medicine, Faculty of MedicineChulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross SocietyBangkokThailand
| | - Shen‐Yang Lim
- Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of MalayaKuala LumpurMalaysia
- The Mah Pooi Soo & Tan Chin Nam Centre for Parkinson's & Related Disorders, Faculty of MedicineUniversity of MalayaKuala LumpurMalaysia
| | - Pramod Kumar Pal
- Department of NeurologyNational Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences (NIMHANS)BengaluruIndia
| | - Jee‐Young Lee
- Department of NeurologySeoul Metropolitan Government‐Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center & Seoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Prashanth Lingappa Kukkle
- Center for Parkinson's Disease and Movement DisordersManipal HospitalBangaloreIndia
- Parkinson's Disease and Movement Disorders ClinicBangaloreIndia
| | - Shinsuke Fujioka
- Department of Neurology, Fukuoka University, Faculty of MedicineFukuokaJapan
| | - Huifang Shang
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare Diseases CenterWest China Hospital, Sichuan UniversityChengduChina
| | - Onanong Phokaewvarangkul
- Chulalongkorn Centre of Excellence for Parkinson's Disease and Related Disorders, Department of Medicine, Faculty of MedicineChulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross SocietyBangkokThailand
| | - Roongroj Bhidayasiri
- Chulalongkorn Centre of Excellence for Parkinson's Disease and Related Disorders, Department of Medicine, Faculty of MedicineChulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Thai Red Cross SocietyBangkokThailand
- The Academy of Science, The Royal Society of ThailandBangkokThailand
| | - Norlinah Mohamed Ibrahim
- Neurology Unit, Department of Medicine, Faculty of MedicineUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaKuala LumpurMalaysia
| | - Yoshikazu Ugawa
- Deprtment of Human Neurophysiology, Faculty of MedicineFukushima Medical UniversityFukushimaJapan
| | - Zakiyah Aldaajani
- Neurology Unit, King Fahad Military Medical ComplexDhahranSaudi Arabia
| | - Beomseok Jeon
- Department of NeurologySeoul National University College of MedicineSeoulRepublic of Korea
- Movement Disorder CenterSeoul National University HospitalSeoulRepublic of Korea
| | - Cid Diesta
- Section of Neurology, Department of NeuroscienceMakati Medical Center, NCRMakatiPhilippines
| | | | - Chin‐Hsien Lin
- Department of NeurologyNational Taiwan University HospitalTaipeiTaiwan
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8
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Menozzi E, Toffoli M, Schapira AHV. Targeting the GBA1 pathway to slow Parkinson disease: Insights into clinical aspects, pathogenic mechanisms and new therapeutic avenues. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 246:108419. [PMID: 37080432 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
The GBA1 gene encodes the lysosomal enzyme glucocerebrosidase (GCase), which is involved in sphingolipid metabolism. Biallelic variants in GBA1 cause Gaucher disease (GD), a lysosomal storage disorder characterised by loss of GCase activity and aberrant intracellular accumulation of GCase substrates. Carriers of GBA1 variants have an increased risk of developing Parkinson disease (PD), with odds ratio ranging from 2.2 to 30 according to variant severity. GBA1 variants which do not cause GD in homozygosis can also increase PD risk. Patients with PD carrying GBA1 variants show a more rapidly progressive phenotype compared to non-carriers, emphasising the need for disease modifying treatments targeting the GBA1 pathway. Several mechanisms secondary to GCase dysfunction are potentially responsible for the pathological changes leading to PD. Misfolded GCase proteins induce endoplasmic reticulum stress and subsequent unfolded protein response and impair the autophagy-lysosomal pathway. This results in α-synuclein accumulation and spread, and promotes neurodegenerative changes. Preclinical evidence also shows that products of GCase activity can promote accumulation of α-synuclein, however there is no convincing evidence of substrate accumulation in GBA1-PD brains. Altered lipid homeostasis secondary to loss of GCase activity could also contribute to PD pathology. Treatments that target the GBA1 pathway could reverse these pathological processes and halt/slow the progression of PD. These range from augmentation of GCase activity via GBA1 gene therapy, restoration of normal intracellular GCase trafficking via molecular chaperones, and substrate reduction therapy. This review discusses the pathways associated with GBA1-PD and related novel GBA1-targeted interventions for PD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Menozzi
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, United States of America
| | - Marco Toffoli
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, United States of America
| | - Anthony H V Schapira
- Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK; Aligning Science Across Parkinson's (ASAP) Collaborative Research Network, Chevy Chase, MD 20815, United States of America.
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9
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Tay YW, Tan AH, Lim JL, Lohmann K, Ibrahim KA, Abdul Aziz Z, Chin YT, Mawardi AS, Lim TT, Looi I, Chia YK, Ooi JCE, Cheah WK, Dy Closas AMF, Lit LC, Hor JW, Toh TS, Muthusamy KA, Bauer P, Skrahin V, Rolfs A, Klein C, Ahmad-Annuar A, Lim SY. Genetic study of early-onset Parkinson's disease in the Malaysian population. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2023; 111:105399. [PMID: 37209484 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2023.105399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND About 5-10% of Parkinson's disease (PD) cases are early onset (EOPD), with several genes implicated, including GBA1, PRKN, PINK1, and SNCA. The spectrum and frequency of mutations vary across populations and globally diverse studies are crucial to comprehensively understand the genetic architecture of PD. The ancestral diversity of Southeast Asians offers opportunities to uncover a rich PD genetics landscape, and identify common regional mutations and new pathogenic variants. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the genetic architecture of EOPD in a multi-ethnic Malaysian cohort. METHODS 161 index patients with PD onset ≤50 years were recruited from multiple centers across Malaysia. A two-step approach to genetic testing was used, combining a next-generation sequencing-based PD gene panel and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA). RESULTS Thirty-five patients (21.7%) carried pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants involving (in decreasing order of frequency): GBA1, PRKN, PINK1, DJ-1, LRRK2, and ATP13A2. Pathogenic/likely pathogenic variants in GBA1 were identified in thirteen patients (8.1%), and were also commonly found in PRKN and PINK1 (11/161 = 6.8% and 6/161 = 3.7%, respectively). The overall detection rate was even higher in those with familial history (48.5%) or age of diagnosis ≤40 years (34.8%). PRKN exon 7 deletion and the PINK1 p.Leu347Pro variant appear to be common among Malay patients. Many novel variants were found across the PD-related genes. CONCLUSIONS This study provides novel insights into the genetic architecture of EOPD in Southeast Asians, expands the genetic spectrum in PD-related genes, and highlights the importance of diversifying PD genetic research to include under-represented populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Wen Tay
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ai Huey Tan
- The Mah Pooi Soo & Tan Chin Nam Centre for Parkinson's & Related Disorders, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jia Lun Lim
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Katja Lohmann
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany
| | - Khairul Azmi Ibrahim
- Department of Medicine, Hospital Sultanah Nur Zahirah, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Zariah Abdul Aziz
- Department of Medicine, Hospital Sultanah Nur Zahirah, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
| | - Yen Theng Chin
- Department of Medicine, Hospital Sultanah Nur Zahirah, Kuala Terengganu, Malaysia
| | | | | | - Irene Looi
- Department of Neurology, Seberang Jaya Hospital, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Yuen Kang Chia
- Department of Neurology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Joshua Chin Ern Ooi
- Department of Neurology, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
| | - Wee Kooi Cheah
- Department of Geriatrics, Taiping Hospital, Taiping, Malaysia
| | - Alfand Marl F Dy Closas
- The Mah Pooi Soo & Tan Chin Nam Centre for Parkinson's & Related Disorders, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Lei Cheng Lit
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Jia Wei Hor
- The Mah Pooi Soo & Tan Chin Nam Centre for Parkinson's & Related Disorders, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Tzi Shin Toh
- The Mah Pooi Soo & Tan Chin Nam Centre for Parkinson's & Related Disorders, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Kalai Arasu Muthusamy
- Division of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Peter Bauer
- Centogene GmbH, Am Strande 7, 18057, Rostock, Germany
| | - Volha Skrahin
- Centogene GmbH, Am Strande 7, 18057, Rostock, Germany; Arcensus, Goethestrasse 20, 18055, Rostock, Germany
| | - Arndt Rolfs
- Centogene GmbH, Am Strande 7, 18057, Rostock, Germany; Arcensus, Goethestrasse 20, 18055, Rostock, Germany
| | - Christine Klein
- Institute of Neurogenetics, University of Luebeck, Luebeck, Germany.
| | - Azlina Ahmad-Annuar
- Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Shen-Yang Lim
- The Mah Pooi Soo & Tan Chin Nam Centre for Parkinson's & Related Disorders, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
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10
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DeBroff J, Omer N, Cohen B, Giladi N, Kestenbaum M, Shirvan JC, Cedarbaum JM, Gana‐Weisz M, Goldstein O, Orr‐Urtreger A, Mirelman A, Thaler A. The Influence of GBA and LRRK2 on Mood Disorders in Parkinson's Disease. Mov Disord Clin Pract 2023; 10:606-616. [PMID: 37070047 PMCID: PMC10105114 DOI: 10.1002/mdc3.13722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mood disorders have emerged as major non-motor comorbidities in Parkinson's disease (PD) even at the prodromal stage of the disease. Mutations in the LRRK2 and GBA genes are common among Ashkenazi Jews, with more severe phenotype reported for GBA-PD. Objective To explore the association between genetic status and mood related disorders before and after diagnosis of PD and the association between mood-related medications, phenotype, and genetic status. Methods Participants were genotyped for mutations in the LRRK2 and GBA genes. State of depression, anxiety and non-motor features were evaluated using validated questionnaires. History of mood disorders prior to diagnosis of PD and use of mood-related medications were assessed. Results The study included 105 idiopathic PD (iPD), 55 LRRK2-PD and 94 GBA-PD. Scores on mood related questionnaires and frequency of depression and anxiety before diagnosis were similar between the groups (p>0.05). However, more GBA-PD patients used mood related medications before PD diagnosis than LRRK2-PD and iPD (16.5% vs 7.1% and 8.2%, p=0.044). LRRK2-PD and GBA-PD receiving mood-related medications at time of assessment had worse motor and non-motor phenotype compared to those that did not (p<0.05). LRRK2-PD receiving mood related-medications at time of assessment, scored higher on mood-related questionnaires compared to LRRK2-PD not receiving such medications (p<0.04). Conclusions Prodromal GBA-PD are more frequently treated with mood related-medications despite equal rates of reported mood-related disorders, while LRRK2-PD with mood-related disorders experience high rates of anxiety and depression despite treatment, attesting to the need of more precise assessment and treatment of these genetic subgroups.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nurit Omer
- Sackler School of MedicineTel‐Aviv University
- Movement Disorders UnitNeurological Institute, Tel‐Aviv Medical Center
- Laboratory of Early Markers of NeurodegenerationNeurological Institute, Tel‐Aviv Medical Center
| | - Batsheva Cohen
- Laboratory of Early Markers of NeurodegenerationNeurological Institute, Tel‐Aviv Medical Center
| | - Nir Giladi
- Sackler School of MedicineTel‐Aviv University
- Movement Disorders UnitNeurological Institute, Tel‐Aviv Medical Center
- Sagol School of NeuroscienceTel‐Aviv University
| | - Meir Kestenbaum
- Sackler School of MedicineTel‐Aviv University
- Neurology departmentMeir HospitalKfar‐SabaIsrael
| | | | | | - Mali Gana‐Weisz
- Genomic Research Laboratory for NeurodegenerationTel‐Aviv Medical CenterTel‐AvivIsrael
| | - Orly Goldstein
- Genomic Research Laboratory for NeurodegenerationTel‐Aviv Medical CenterTel‐AvivIsrael
| | - Avi Orr‐Urtreger
- Sackler School of MedicineTel‐Aviv University
- Sagol School of NeuroscienceTel‐Aviv University
- Genomic Research Laboratory for NeurodegenerationTel‐Aviv Medical CenterTel‐AvivIsrael
| | - Anat Mirelman
- Sackler School of MedicineTel‐Aviv University
- Laboratory of Early Markers of NeurodegenerationNeurological Institute, Tel‐Aviv Medical Center
- Sagol School of NeuroscienceTel‐Aviv University
| | - Avner Thaler
- Sackler School of MedicineTel‐Aviv University
- Movement Disorders UnitNeurological Institute, Tel‐Aviv Medical Center
- Laboratory of Early Markers of NeurodegenerationNeurological Institute, Tel‐Aviv Medical Center
- Sagol School of NeuroscienceTel‐Aviv University
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11
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Das D, Mattaparthi VSK. Conformational dynamics of A30G α-synuclein that causes familial Parkinson disease. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2023; 41:14702-14714. [PMID: 36961209 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2023.2193997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/25/2023]
Abstract
The first gene shown to be responsible for autosomal-dominant Parkinson's disease (PD) is the SNCA gene, which encodes for alpha synuclein (α-Syn). Recently, a novel heterozygous A30G mutation of the SNCA gene associated with familial PD has been reported. However, little research has been done on how the A30G mutation affects the structure of α-Syn. So, using atomistic molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, we demonstrate here the key structural characteristics of A30G α-Syn in the free monomer form and membrane associated state. From the MD trajectory analysis, the structure of A30G α-Syn was noticed to exhibit rapid conformational change, increase in backbone flexibility near the site of mutation and decrease in α-helical propensity. The typical torsion angles in residues (Val26 and Glu28) near the mutation site were observed to deviate significantly in A30G α-Syn. In the case of membrane bound A30G α-Syn, the regions that were submerged in the lipid bilayer (N-helix (3-37) and turn region (38-44)) found to contain higher helical content than the elevated region above the lipid surface. The bending angle in the helix-N and helix-C regions were noticed to be relatively higher in the free form of A30G α-Syn (38.50) than in the membrane bound form (370). The A30G mutation in α-Syn was predicted to have an impact on the stability and function of the protein based on ΔΔG values obtained from the online servers. Our results demonstrate that the A30G mutation in α-Syn altered the protein's α-helical structure and slightly altered the membrane binding.Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothy Das
- Molecular Modelling and Simulation Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, India
| | - Venkata Satish Kumar Mattaparthi
- Molecular Modelling and Simulation Laboratory, Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam, India
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12
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Parlar SC, Grenn FP, Kim JJ, Baluwendraat C, Gan-Or Z. Classification of GBA1 Variants in Parkinson's Disease: The GBA1-PD Browser. Mov Disord 2023; 38:489-495. [PMID: 36598340 PMCID: PMC10033371 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 11/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND GBA1 variants are among the most common genetic risk factors for Parkinson's disease (PD). GBA1 variants can be classified into three categories based on their role in Gaucher's disease (GD) or PD: severe, mild, and risk variant (for PD). OBJECTIVE This review aims to generate and share a comprehensive database for GBA1 variants reported in PD to support future research and clinical trials. METHODS We performed a literature search for all GBA1 variants that have been reported in PD. The data have been standardized and complemented with variant classification, odds ratio if available, and other data. RESULTS We found 371 GBA1 variants reported in PD: 22 mild, 84 severe, 3 risk variants, and 262 of unknown status. We created a browser containing up-to-date information on these variants (https://pdgenetics.shinyapps.io/GBA1Browser/). CONCLUSIONS The classification and browser presented in this work should inform and support basic, translational, and clinical research on GBA1-PD. © 2023 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sitki Cem Parlar
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- The Neuro (Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
| | - Francis P. Grenn
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jonggeol Jeffrey Kim
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Preventive Neurology Unit, Centre for Prevention Diagnosis and Detection, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, UK
| | - Cornelis Baluwendraat
- Laboratory of Neurogenetics, National Institute on Aging, Bethesda, MD, USA
- Center for Alzheimer’s and Related Dementias (CARD), National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Ziv Gan-Or
- Department of Human Genetics, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- The Neuro (Montreal Neurological Institute-Hospital), McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada
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13
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Lu TJ, Hsiao TH, Wang JD, Lo FC, Jhan PP, Chen WC. Perinatal lethal Gaucher disease due to compound heterozygosity of the splicing mutations in GBA gene. Taiwan J Obstet Gynecol 2023; 62:175-178. [PMID: 36720536 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjog.2022.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In order to figure out the cause for two consecutive fetuses with nonimmune hydrops fetalis (NIHF) in a Taiwanese couple, whole-Exome Sequencing and Sanger Sequencing were applied for the family. CASE REPORT The two fetuses developed NIHF at gestation age of 19 and 21 weeks, respectively. The clinical features included ascites and pleural effusion, flattened nasofrontal angle, skin edema, clenched hands, ambiguous genitalia, hepatosplenomegaly and fetal thrombocytopenia. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain showed cerebellar hypoplasia and delayed cortical maturation. The GBA deleterious variants c.1505+5G > C and c.308-1G > A were both detected in the two fetuses. CONCLUSION The report provided the precious experience of the clinical presentation of perinatal lethal Gaucher disease (PLGD) and advice on reproductive medicine for the next pregnancy in a couple. The novel genetic mutations identified in the study also contribute to the known spectrum of PLGD-related mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsai-Jung Lu
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Biomedical Electronics and Bioinformatics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Hung Hsiao
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Jiaan-Der Wang
- Center for Rare Disease and Hemophilia, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Industrial Engineering and Enterprise Information, Tunghai University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Feng-Chu Lo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Pei Jhan
- Department of Medical Research, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Chih Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
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14
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Zhou Z, Zhou X, Xiang Y, Zhao Y, Pan H, Wu J, Xu Q, Chen Y, Sun Q, Wu X, Zhu J, Wu X, Li J, Yan X, Guo J, Tang B, Lei L, Liu Z. Subtyping of early-onset Parkinson's disease using cluster analysis: A large cohort study. Front Aging Neurosci 2022; 14:1040293. [PMID: 36437996 PMCID: PMC9692000 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2022.1040293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing evidence suggests that early-onset Parkinson's disease (EOPD) is heterogeneous in its clinical presentation and progression. Defining subtypes of EOPD is needed to better understand underlying mechanisms, predict disease course, and eventually design more efficient personalized management strategies. OBJECTIVE To identify clinical subtypes of EOPD, assess the clinical characteristics of each EOPD subtype, and compare the progression between EOPD subtypes. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 1,217 patients were enrolled from a large EOPD cohort of the Parkinson's Disease & Movement Disorders Multicenter Database and Collaborative Network in China (PD-MDCNC) between January 2017 and September 2021. A comprehensive spectrum of motor and non-motor features were assessed at baseline. Cluster analysis was performed using data on demographics, motor symptoms and signs, and other non-motor manifestations. In 454 out of total patients were reassessed after a mean follow-up time of 1.5 years to compare progression between different subtypes. RESULTS Three subtypes were defined: mild motor and non-motor dysfunction/slow progression, intermediate and severe motor and non-motor dysfunction/malignant. Compared to patients with mild subtype, patients with the severe subtype were more likely to have rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder, wearing-off, and dyskinesia, after adjusting for age and disease duration at baseline, and showed a more rapid progression in Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) total score (P = 0.002), UPDRS part II (P = 0.014), and III (P = 0.001) scores, Hoehn and Yahr stage (P = 0.001), and Parkinson's disease questionnaire-39 item version score (P = 0.012) at prospective follow-up. CONCLUSION We identified three different clinical subtypes (mild, intermediate, and severe) using cluster analysis in a large EOPD cohort for the first time, which is important for tailoring therapy to individuals with EOPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhou Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaoxia Zhou
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yaqin Xiang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yuwen Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hongxu Pan
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Juan Wu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qian Xu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yase Chen
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiying Sun
- Department of Geriatrics, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Xinyin Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, Xiangya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jianping Zhu
- Hunan KeY Health Technology Co., Ltd., Changsha, China
| | - Xuehong Wu
- Hunan KeY Health Technology Co., Ltd., Changsha, China
| | - Jianhua Li
- Hunan Creator Information Technology Co., Ltd., Changsha, China
| | - Xinxiang Yan
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Jifeng Guo
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Beisha Tang
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lifang Lei
- Department of Neurology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhenhua Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province in Neurodegenerative Disorders, Central South University, Changsha, China
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15
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Daida K, Shimonaka S, Shiba‐Fukushima K, Ogata J, Yoshino H, Okuzumi A, Hatano T, Motoi Y, Hirunagi T, Katsuno M, Shindou H, Funayama M, Nishioka K, Hattori N, Imai Y. α-Synuclein V15A Variant in Familial Parkinson's Disease Exhibits a Weaker Lipid-Binding Property. Mov Disord 2022; 37:2075-2085. [PMID: 35894540 PMCID: PMC9796804 DOI: 10.1002/mds.29162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The α-Synuclein (α-Syn) V15A variant has been found in two Caucasian families with Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the significance of this missense variant remained unclear. OBJECTIVE We sought to elucidate whether V15A could increase aggregation or change phospholipid affinity. METHODS A sequencing analysis for the SNCA encoding α-Syn from 875 patients with PD and 324 control subjects was performed. Comparing with known pathogenic missense variants of α-Syn, A30P, and A53T, we analyzed the effects of V15A on binding to phospholipid membrane, self-aggregation, and seed-dependent aggregation in cultured cells. RESULTS Genetic screening identified SNCA c.44 T>C (p.V15A) from two Japanese PD families. The missense variant V15A was extremely rare in several public databases and predicted as pathogenic using in silico tools. The amplification activity of α-Syn V15A fibrils was stronger than that of wild-type α-Syn fibrils. CONCLUSIONS The discovery of the V15A variant from Japanese families reinforces the possibility that the V15A variant may be a causative variant for developing PD. V15A had a reduced affinity for phospholipids and increased propagation activity compared with wild-type. © 2022 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kensuke Daida
- Department of NeurologyJuntendo University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Shotaro Shimonaka
- Department of Diagnosis, Prevention, and Treatment of DementiaJuntendo University Graduate School of MedicineTokyoJapan,Research Institute for Diseases of Old AgeJuntendo University Graduate School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Kahori Shiba‐Fukushima
- Department of Drug Development for Parkinson's DiseaseJuntendo University Graduate School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Jun Ogata
- Department of Research for Parkinson's DiseaseJuntendo University Graduate School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Hiroyo Yoshino
- Research Institute for Diseases of Old AgeJuntendo University Graduate School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Ayami Okuzumi
- Department of NeurologyJuntendo University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Taku Hatano
- Department of NeurologyJuntendo University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Yumiko Motoi
- Department of NeurologyJuntendo University School of MedicineTokyoJapan,Department of Diagnosis, Prevention, and Treatment of DementiaJuntendo University Graduate School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Tomoki Hirunagi
- Department of NeurologyNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaJapan
| | - Masahisa Katsuno
- Department of NeurologyNagoya University Graduate School of MedicineNagoyaJapan
| | - Hideo Shindou
- Department of Lipid SignalingNational Center for Global Health and MedicineTokyoJapan,Department of Lipid Medical ScienceGraduate School of Medicine, University of TokyoTokyoJapan
| | - Manabu Funayama
- Department of NeurologyJuntendo University School of MedicineTokyoJapan,Research Institute for Diseases of Old AgeJuntendo University Graduate School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Kenya Nishioka
- Department of NeurologyJuntendo University School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Nobutaka Hattori
- Department of NeurologyJuntendo University School of MedicineTokyoJapan,Department of Diagnosis, Prevention, and Treatment of DementiaJuntendo University Graduate School of MedicineTokyoJapan,Research Institute for Diseases of Old AgeJuntendo University Graduate School of MedicineTokyoJapan,Department of Drug Development for Parkinson's DiseaseJuntendo University Graduate School of MedicineTokyoJapan,Department of Research for Parkinson's DiseaseJuntendo University Graduate School of MedicineTokyoJapan
| | - Yuzuru Imai
- Department of NeurologyJuntendo University School of MedicineTokyoJapan,Department of Research for Parkinson's DiseaseJuntendo University Graduate School of MedicineTokyoJapan
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16
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Turski P, Chaberska I, Szukało P, Pyska P, Milanowski Ł, Szlufik S, Figura M, Hoffman-Zacharska D, Siuda J, Koziorowski D. Review of the epidemiology and variability of LRRK2 non-p.Gly2019Ser pathogenic mutations in Parkinson’s disease. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:971270. [PMID: 36203807 PMCID: PMC9530194 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.971270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a heterogenous neurodegenerative disorder. Genetic factors play a significant role, especially in early onset and familial cases. Mutations are usually found in the LRRK2 gene, but their importance varies. Some mutations, such as p.Arg1441Cys or other alterations in the 1441 codon, show clear correlation with PD, whereas others are risk factors found also in healthy populations or have neglectable consequences. They also exhibit various prevalence among different populations. The aim of this paper is to sum up the current knowledge regarding the epidemiology and pathogenicity of LRRK2 mutations, other than the well-established p.Gly2019Ser. We performed a review of the literature using PubMed database. 103 publications met our inclusion criteria. p.Arg1441Cys, p.Arg1441Gly, p.Arg1441His, p.Arg1441Ser are the most common pathogenic mutations in European populations, especially Hispanic. p.Asn1437His is pathogenic and occurs mostly in the Scandinavians. p.Asn1437Ser and p.Asn1437Asp have been reported in German and Chinese cohorts respectively. p.Ile2020Thr is a rare pathogenic mutation described only in a Japanese cohort. p.Met1869Thr has only been reported in Caucasians. p.Tyr1699Cys, p.Ile1122Val have only been found in one family each. p.Glu1874Ter has been described in just one patient. We found no references concerning mutation p.Gln416Ter. We also report the first case of a Polish PD family whose members carried p.Asn1437His.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Turski
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Health Science, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Iwona Chaberska
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Health Science, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Szukało
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Health Science, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paulina Pyska
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Health Science, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Łukasz Milanowski
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Health Science, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Stanisław Szlufik
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Health Science, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Figura
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Health Science, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Joanna Siuda
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Dariusz Koziorowski
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Health Science, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
- *Correspondence: Dariusz Koziorowski,
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17
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Thakur G, Kumar V, Lee KW, Won C. Structural Insights and Development of LRRK2 Inhibitors for Parkinson's Disease in the Last Decade. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:1426. [PMID: 36011337 PMCID: PMC9408223 DOI: 10.3390/genes13081426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most prevalent neurodegenerative disease, characterized by the specific loss of dopaminergic neurons in the midbrain. The pathophysiology of PD is likely caused by a variety of environmental and hereditary factors. Many single-gene mutations have been linked to this disease, but a significant number of studies indicate that mutations in the gene encoding leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) are a potential therapeutic target for both sporadic and familial forms of PD. Consequently, the identification of potential LRRK2 inhibitors has been the focus of drug discovery. Various investigations have been conducted in academic and industrial organizations to investigate the mechanism of LRRK2 in PD and further develop its inhibitors. This review summarizes the role of LRRK2 in PD and its structural details, especially the kinase domain. Furthermore, we reviewed in vitro and in vivo findings of selected inhibitors reported to date against wild-type and mutant versions of the LRRK2 kinase domain as well as the current trends researchers are employing in the development of LRRK2 inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gunjan Thakur
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Vikas Kumar
- Division of Life Sciences, Department of Bio & Medical Big Data (BK4 Program), Research Institute of Natural Science (RINS), Gyeongsang National University (GNU), 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Keun Woo Lee
- Division of Life Sciences, Department of Bio & Medical Big Data (BK4 Program), Research Institute of Natural Science (RINS), Gyeongsang National University (GNU), 501 Jinju-daero, Jinju 52828, Korea
| | - Chungkil Won
- Institute of Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Korea
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18
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Chen YP, Yu SH, Zhang GH, Hou YB, Gu XJ, Ou RW, Shen Y, Song W, Chen XP, Zhao B, Cao B, Zhang LY, Sun MM, Liu FF, Wei QQ, Liu KC, Lin JY, Yang TM, Yang J, Wu Y, Jiang Z, Liu J, Cheng YF, Xiao Y, Su WM, Feng F, Cai YY, Li SR, Hu T, Yuan XQ, Zhou QQ, Shao N, Ma S, Shang HF. The mutation spectrum of PD-related genes in early-onset Parkinson's disease in ethnic Chinese. Eur J Neurol 2022; 29:3218-3228. [PMID: 35861376 DOI: 10.1111/ene.15509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent genetic progress has shown many causative/risk genes linked to Parkinson's disease (PD), mainly in patients of European ancestry. The study aimed to investigate the PD-related genes and determine the mutational spectrum of early-onset PD in ethnic Chinese. METHODS In this study, whole-exome sequencing and/or gene dosage analysis were performed in 704 early-onset PD (EOPD) patients (onset age ≤ 45 years) and 1866 controls. Twenty-six PD-related genes and 20 other genes linked to neurodegenerative and lysosome diseases were analyzed. RESULTS We identified 82 (11.6%, 82/704) EOPD patients carrying rare pathogenic/ likely pathogenic variants in PD-related genes. The mutation frequency in autosomal recessive inheritance EOPD (AR-EOPD, 42.9%, 27/63) was much higher than that in autosomal dominant inheritance EOPD (AD-EOPD, 0.9%, 12/110) or sporadic EOPD (8.1%, 43/531). Bi-allelic mutations in PRKN were the most frequent, accounting for 5.1% of EOPD cases. Three common pathogenic variants, p.A53V in SNCA, p.G284R in PRKN, and p.P53Afs*38 in CHCHD2, occur exclusively in Asians. The putative damaging variants from GBA, PRKN, DJ1, PLA2G6, and GCH1 contributed to the collective risk for EOPD. Notably, the protein-truncating variants in CHCHD2 were enriched in EOPD, especially for p.P53Afs*38, which was also found in three patients from an independent cohort of patients with late-onset PD (n=1300). Functional experiments confirmed that truncated CHCHD2 variants cause loss of function and are linked to mitochondrial dysfunction. CONCLUSIONS Our study reveals that the genetic spectrum EOPD in Chinese, which may help develop genetic scanning strategies, provided more evidence supporting CHCHD2 in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Ping Chen
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shi-Hui Yu
- Clinical diagnostic department, Guangzhou KingMed Diagnostics Group Co., Ltd. Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Guo-Hui Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Joint Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine (SCU-CUHK), Key Laboratory of Obstetric, Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan-Bing Hou
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Gu
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ru-Wei Ou
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Shen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Joint Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine (SCU-CUHK), Key Laboratory of Obstetric, Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Song
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xue-Ping Chen
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bi Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bei Cao
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ling-Yu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ming-Ming Sun
- Clinical diagnostic department, Guangzhou KingMed Diagnostics Group Co., Ltd. Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Fei-Fei Liu
- Clinical diagnostic department, Guangzhou KingMed Diagnostics Group Co., Ltd. Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Qian-Qian Wei
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Kun-Cheng Liu
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jun-Yu Lin
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | | | - Jing Yang
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zheng Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiao Liu
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yang-Fan Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yi Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei-Ming Su
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fei Feng
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China
| | - Ying-Ying Cai
- Department of Geriatrics, the first affiliated hospital of Chengdu medical college, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shi-Rong Li
- Department of Neurology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou, China
| | - Tao Hu
- Departement of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Sichuan Nursing Vocational College, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiao-Qin Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, Sichuan, China
| | - Qing-Qing Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Na Shao
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Sha Ma
- Department of Neurology, the First people's Hospital of Yunnan province, Kunming, Yunnan, China
| | - Hui-Fang Shang
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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19
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Cong S, Xiang C, Zhang S, Zhang T, Wang H, Cong S. Prevalence and clinical aspects of depression in Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta‑analysis of 129 studies. Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2022; 141:104749. [PMID: 35750224 DOI: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2022.104749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Depression is one of the most important non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD), but its prevalence and related clinical characteristics are unclear. To this end, we performed a systematic review and meta-analysis based on 129 studies, including 38304 participants from 28 countries. Overall, the prevalence of depression in PD was 38%. When compared with patients without depression, those with depression had a younger age of onset, a lower education level, longer disease duration, higher UPDRS-III, higher H&Y staging scale, and lower MMSE, SE-ADL scores. We observed that depression was associated with female patients, patients carrying the GBA1 mutation, freezing of gait (FOG), apathy, anxiety and fatigue. Our results suggest that depression is an independent, frequent non-motor symptom in PD, appearing in the early stage and persisting throughout the disease duration. In addition, several clinical characteristics and motor and non-motor symptoms appeared to be associated with depression and negatively impacted on quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shengri Cong
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Chunchen Xiang
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China; Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shun Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Taiming Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hailong Wang
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence-Based Medicine, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Shuyan Cong
- Department of Neurology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.
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20
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Simpson C, Vinikoor-Imler L, Nassan FL, Shirvan J, Lally C, Dam T, Maserejian N. Prevalence of ten LRRK2 variants in Parkinson's disease: A comprehensive review. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2022; 98:103-113. [PMID: 35654702 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2022.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Variants in the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 gene (LRRK2) are risk factors for Parkinson's disease (PD), but their prevalence varies geographically, reflecting the locations of founder events and dispersion of founders' descendants. METHODS A comprehensive literature review was conducted to identify studies providing prevalence estimates for any of ten variants in LRRK2 (G2019S, R1441C, R1441G, R1441H, I2020T, N1437H, Y1699C, S1761R, G2385R, R1628P) among individuals with PD globally. We calculated crude country-specific variant prevalence estimates and, when possible, adjusted estimates for ethno-racial composition. For clinic-based studies, probands were used over other familial cases, whereas for population-based studies, all PD cases were used. RESULTS The analysis included 161 articles from 52 countries yielding 581 prevalence estimates across the ten variants. G2019S was the most common variant, exceeding 1.0% in 26 of 51 countries with estimates. The other variants were far less common. G2385R and R1628P were observed almost exclusively in East Asian countries, where they were found in ∼5-10% of cases. All prevalence estimates adjusted for ethno-racial composition were lower than their unadjusted counterparts, although data permitting this adjustment was only available for six countries. CONCLUSIONS Except for G2019S, the LRRK2 variants covered in this review were uncommon in most countries studied. However, there were countries with higher prevalence for some variants, reflecting the uneven geographic distribution of LRRK2 variants. The fact that ethno-racial group‒adjusted estimates were lower than crude estimates suggests that estimates derived largely from clinic-based studies may overstate the true prevalence of some LRRK2 variants in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Cathy Lally
- Epidemiology Research and Methods LLC, Atlanta, GA, USA.
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21
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Huang J, Cheng Y, Li C, Shang H. Genetic heterogeneity on sleep disorders in Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Transl Neurodegener 2022; 11:21. [PMID: 35395825 PMCID: PMC8991652 DOI: 10.1186/s40035-022-00294-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/09/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A growing amount of evidence has indicated contributions of variants in causative genes of Parkinson’s disease (PD) to the development of sleep disturbance in PD and prodromal PD stages. In this article, we aimed to investigate the role of genetics in sleep disorders in PD patients and asymptomatic carriers at prodromal stage of PD. A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies was conducted based on the MEDLINE, EMBASE and PsychINFO databases. A pooled effect size was calculated by odds ratio (OR) and standard mean difference (SMD). Forty studies were selected for quantitative analysis, including 17 studies on glucocerebrosidase (GBA), 25 studies on Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) and 7 on parkin (PRKN) genes, and 3 studies on alpha-synuclein gene (SNCA) were used for qualitative analysis. Patients with PD carrying GBA variants had a significantly higher risk for rapid-eye-movement behavior disorders (RBD) (OR, 1.82) and higher RBD Screening Questionnaire scores (SMD, 0.33). Asymptomatic carriers of GBA variants had higher severity of RBD during follow-up. Patients with PD carrying the LRRK2 G2019S variant had lower risk and severity of RBD compared with those without LRRK2 G2019S. Variants of GBA, LRRK2 and PRKN did not increase or decrease the risk and severity of excessive daytime sleepiness and restless legs syndrome in PD. Our findings suggest that the genetic heterogeneity plays a role in the development of sleep disorders, mainly RBD, in PD and the prodromal stage of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingxuan Huang
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Neurology, Rare Diseases Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Yangfan Cheng
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Neurology, Rare Diseases Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Chunyu Li
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Neurology, Rare Diseases Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China
| | - Huifang Shang
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Department of Neurology, Rare Diseases Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, China.
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22
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Ren J, Li L, Zhang R, Pan C, Xu J, Sun H, Hua P, Zhang L, Zhang W, Xu P, Ma C, Liu W. Prevalence and Genotype-Phenotype Correlations of GBA-Related Parkinson's Disease in a Large Chinese Cohort. Eur J Neurol 2021; 29:1017-1024. [PMID: 34951095 PMCID: PMC9303336 DOI: 10.1111/ene.15230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Background and purpose Variants in the glucocerebrosidase (GBA) gene are recognized as a common and important genetic risk factor for Parkinson disease (PD). However, the impact of variant severity on the clinical phenotype of PD in the Chinese population remains unclear. Thus, the present study aimed to determine the frequency of GBA‐related PD (GBA‐PD) and the relationship of GBA variant severity with clinical characteristics in a large Chinese cohort. Methods Long‐range polymerase chain reaction and next generation sequencing were performed for the entire GBA gene. GBA variant severity was classified into five classes: mild, severe, risk, complex, and unknown. Results Among the total 737 PD patients, 47 GBA variants were detected in 79 (10.72%) patients, and the most common GBA variants were R163Q, L444P, and R120W. Complete demographic and clinical data were obtained for 673 patients, which revealed that 18.50% of early onset PD patients had GBA variants. Compared with patients without GBA variants, GBA‐PD patients experienced PD onset an average of 4 years earlier and had more severe motor and nonmotor symptoms. Patients carrying severe and complex variants had a higher burden of nonmotor symptoms, especially depression, and more mood/cognitive and gastrointestinal symptoms than patients carrying mild variants. Conclusions GBA‐PD is highly prevalent in the Chinese population. The severity of GBA variants underlies distinct phenotypic spectrums, with PD patients carrying severe and complex variants seeming to have similar phenotypes. PD patient stratification by GBA variant severity should become a prerequisite for selecting specific treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingru Ren
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lanting Li
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ronggui Zhang
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chenxi Pan
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianxia Xu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haochen Sun
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ping Hua
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Geriatrics, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenbin Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Pingyi Xu
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Changyan Ma
- Department of Medical Genetics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weiguo Liu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Brain Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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23
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Fan Y, Han J, Zhao L, Wu C, Wu P, Huang Z, Hao X, Ji Y, Chen D, Zhu M. Experimental Models of Cognitive Impairment for Use in Parkinson's Disease Research: The Distance Between Reality and Ideal. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:745438. [PMID: 34912207 PMCID: PMC8667076 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.745438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease. Cognitive impairment is one of the key non-motor symptoms of PD, affecting both mortality and quality of life. However, there are few experimental studies on the pathology and treatments of PD with mild cognitive impairment (PD-MCI) and PD dementia (PDD) due to the lack of representative models. To identify new strategies for developing representative models, we systematically summarized previous studies on PD-MCI and PDD and compared differences between existing models and diseases. Our initial search identified 5432 articles, of which 738 were duplicates. A total of 227 articles met our inclusion criteria and were included in the analysis. Models fell into three categories based on model design: neurotoxin-induced, transgenic, and combined. Although the neurotoxin-induced experimental model was the most common type that was used during every time period, transgenic and combined experimental models have gained significant recent attention. Unfortunately, there remains a big gap between ideal and actual experimental models. While each model has its own disadvantages, there have been tremendous advances in the development of PD models of cognitive impairment, and almost every model can verify a hypothesis about PD-MCI or PDD. Finally, our proposed strategies for developing novel models are as follows: a set of plans that integrate symptoms, biochemistry, neuroimaging, and other objective indicators to judge and identify that the novel model plays a key role in new strategies for developing representative models; novel models should simulate different clinical features of PD-MCI or PDD; inducible α-Syn overexpression and SH-SY5Y-A53T cellular models are good candidate models of PD-MCI or PDD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaohua Fan
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Innovation Research Center, Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jiajun Han
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Innovation Research Center, Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lijun Zhao
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Innovation Research Center, Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chunxiao Wu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Innovation Research Center, Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China.,Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Peipei Wu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Innovation Research Center, Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zifeng Huang
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Innovation Research Center, Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaoqian Hao
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Innovation Research Center, Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - YiChun Ji
- Shenzhen Bao'an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Dongfeng Chen
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Innovation Research Center, Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, China
| | - Meiling Zhu
- Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
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24
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Su WM, Gu XJ, Hou YB, Zhang LY, Cao B, Ou RW, Wu Y, Chen XP, Song W, Zhao B, Shang HF, Chen YP. Association Analysis of WNT3, HLA-DRB5 and IL1R2 Polymorphisms in Chinese Patients With Parkinson's Disease and Multiple System Atrophy. Front Genet 2021; 12:765833. [PMID: 34868249 PMCID: PMC8636743 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.765833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The association between inflammation and neurodegeneration has long been observed in parkinson's disease (PD) and multiple system atrophy (MSA). Previous genome-wide association studies (GWAS) and meta-analyses have identified several risk loci in inflammation-associated genes associated with PD. Objective: To investigate whether polymorphisms in some inflammation-associated genes could modulate the risk of developing PD and MSA in a Southwest Chinese population. Methods: A total of 2,706 Chinese subjects comprising 1340 PD, 483 MSA and 883 healthy controls were recruited in the study. Three polymorphisms (rs2074404 GG/GT/TT, rs17425622 CC/CT/TT, rs34043159 CC/CT/TT) in genes linked to inflammation in all the subjects were genotyped by using the Sequenom iPLEX Assay. Results: The allele G of WNT3 rs2074404 can increase risk on PD (OR: 1.048, 95% CI: 1.182-1.333, p = 0.006), exclusively in the LOPD subgroup (OR: 1.166, 95% CI:1.025-1.327, p = 0.019), but not in EOPD or MSA. And the recessive model analysis also demonstrated an increased PD risk in GG genotype of this locus (OR = 1.331, p = 0.007). However, no significant differences were observed in the genotype distributions and alleles of HLA-DRB5 rs17425622 and IL1R2 rs34043159 between the PD patients and controls, between the MSA patients and controls, or between subgroups of PD or MSA and controls. Conclusion: Our results suggested the allele G of WNT3 rs2074404 have an adverse effect on PD and particularly, on the LOPD subgroup among a Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Ming Su
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Gu
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan-Bing Hou
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling-Yu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bei Cao
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ru-Wei Ou
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xue-Ping Chen
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Song
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bi Zhao
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hui-Fang Shang
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yong-Ping Chen
- Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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25
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Caminiti SP, Carli G, Avenali M, Blandini F, Perani D. Clinical and Dopamine Transporter Imaging Trajectories in a Cohort of Parkinson's Disease Patients with GBA Mutations. Mov Disord 2021; 37:106-118. [PMID: 34596920 DOI: 10.1002/mds.28818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glucosylceramidase (GBA) mutations are considered the most common genetic risk factors for developing Parkinson's disease (PD). OBJECTIVES We aimed to assess, at different time points, the integrity of brain striatal and extra-striatal dopamine pathways and clinical phenotype of a group of PD subjects bearing heterozygous GBA mutations (GBA-PD), compared with a group of idiopathic PD patients (iPD) stratified by age at disease onset. A longitudinal approach was adopted to evaluate the progression over time for clinical and 123 I-FP-CIT SPECT imaging features. METHODS We considered 46 GBA-PD patients and 339 iPD patients, subdivided into two groups according to age at PD onset (n = 58 < 50 years and n = 281 > 50 years). We measured differences in the occurrence/severity/progression of motor and non-motor features, 123 I-FP-CIT standard uptake value ratios (SUVr) in striatal and extra-striatal regions, and global cognitive deterioration over time in a subset of 168 cases with available follow-up. RESULTS At baseline, the GBA-PD cohort showed more severe motor and cognitive deficits than the early-iPD cohort. The 123 I-FP-CIT SUVr reduction in the striatal and the extra-striatal regions was more marked in the GBA-PD than the early- and late-iPD cohorts. Both GBA-PD and late-iPD patients had a significant annual deterioration in their global cognitive performance, while the early-iPD group showed global cognitive stability over time. At follow-up, the iPD cohorts became similar to the GBA-PD group in 123 I-FP-CIT SUVr reduction. CONCLUSION These new findings support the hypothesis of a biological role of GBA mutations in accelerating the early neurodegenerative processes in PD, leading to the malignant clinical phenotype. © 2021 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Paola Caminiti
- School of Psychology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.,In Vivo Human Molecular and Structural Neuroimaging Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Nuclear Medicine Unit, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
| | - Giulia Carli
- School of Psychology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.,In Vivo Human Molecular and Structural Neuroimaging Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Micol Avenali
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Fabio Blandini
- IRCCS Mondino Foundation, Pavia, Italy.,Department of Brain and Behavioural Sciences, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy
| | - Daniela Perani
- School of Psychology, Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.,In Vivo Human Molecular and Structural Neuroimaging Unit, Division of Neuroscience, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Nuclear Medicine Unit, San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy
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26
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Chen YP, Yu SH, Wei QQ, Cao B, Gu XJ, Chen XP, Song W, Zhao B, Wu Y, Sun MM, Liu FF, Hou YB, Ou RW, Zhang LY, Liu KC, Lin JY, Xu XR, Li CY, Yang J, Jiang Z, Liu J, Cheng YF, Xiao Y, Chen K, Feng F, Cai YY, Li SR, Hu T, Yuan XQ, Guo XY, Liu H, Han Q, Zhou QQ, Shao N, Li JP, Pan PL, Ma S, Shang HF. Role of genetics in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: a large cohort study in Chinese mainland population. J Med Genet 2021; 59:840-849. [PMID: 34544842 PMCID: PMC9411893 DOI: 10.1136/jmedgenet-2021-107965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Background A large number of new causative and risk genes for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) have been identified mostly in patients of European ancestry. In contrast, we know relatively little regarding the genetics of ALS in other ethnic populations. This study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the genetics of ALS in an unprecedented large cohort of Chinese mainland population and correlate with the clinical features of rare variants carriers. Methods A total of 1587 patients, including 64 familial ALS (FALS) and 1523 sporadic ALS (SALS), and 1866 in-house controls were analysed by whole-exome sequencing and/or testing for G4C2 repeats in C9orf72. Forty-one ALS-associated genes were analysed. Findings 155 patients, including 26 (40.6%) FALS and 129 (8.5%) SALS, carrying rare pathogenic/likely pathogenic (P/LP) variants of ALS causative genes were identified. SOD1 was the most common mutated gene, followed by C9orf72, FUS, NEK1, TARDBP and TBK1. By burden analysis, rare variants in SOD1, FUS and TARDBP contributed to the collective risk for ALS (p<2.5e-6) at the gene level, but at the allelic level TARDBP p.Gly294Val and FUS p.Arg521Cys and p.Arg521His were the most important single variants causing ALS. Clinically, P/LP variants in TARDBP and C9orf72 were associated with poor prognosis, in FUS linked with younger age of onset, and C9orf72 repeats tended to affect cognition. Conclusions Our data provide essential information for understanding the genetic and clinical features of ALS in China and for optimal design of genetic testing and evaluation of disease prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Ping Chen
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shi-Hui Yu
- Guangzhou KingMed Diagnostics Group Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qian-Qian Wei
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bei Cao
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Gu
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xue-Ping Chen
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wei Song
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bi Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ming-Ming Sun
- Guangzhou KingMed Diagnostics Group Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fei-Fei Liu
- Guangzhou KingMed Diagnostics Group Co., Ltd, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yan-Bing Hou
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ru-Wei Ou
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ling-Yu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Kun-Cheng Liu
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun-Yu Lin
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin-Ran Xu
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chun-Yu Li
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jing Yang
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zheng Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiao Liu
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yang-Fan Cheng
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Ke Chen
- Department of Geriatrics, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fei Feng
- Department of Neurology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China
| | - Ying-Ying Cai
- Department of Geriatrics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China
| | - Shi-Rong Li
- Department of Neurology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, China
| | - Tao Hu
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Sichuan Nursing Vocational College, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao-Qin Yuan
- Department of Neurology, Mianyang Central Hospital, Mianyang, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Guo
- Department of Neurology, Neurological Diseases and Brain Function Laboratory, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disease, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tuebingen and DZNE, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Qing Han
- Department of Neurology, Ningbo First Hospital & Ningbo Hospital of Zhejiang University, Ningbo, China
| | - Qing-Qing Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Na Shao
- Department of Neurology, General Hospital of Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan, China
| | - Jian-Peng Li
- Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Ping-Lei Pan
- Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Yancheng Hospital, School of Medicine, Southeast University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sha Ma
- Department of Neurology, The First People's Hospital of Yunnan Province, Kunming, China
| | - Hui-Fang Shang
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare disease center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Guo Y, Sun Y, Song Z, Zheng W, Xiong W, Yang Y, Yuan L, Deng H. Genetic Analysis and Literature Review of SNCA Variants in Parkinson's Disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:648151. [PMID: 34456707 PMCID: PMC8397385 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.648151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the fastest-growing neurodegenerative disorder. Aging, environmental factors, and genetics are considered as risk factors. The alpha-synuclein gene (SNCA), the first pathogenic gene identified in a familial form of PD, was indisputably involved as a heritable component for familial and sporadic PD. In this study, whole-exome sequencing and Sanger sequencing were performed to evaluate the association between the SNCA gene variants and PD. The genetic data of 438 clinically diagnosed patients with PD and 543 matched control populations of the Han Chinese were analyzed. The literature review of SNCA variants for 231 cases reported in 89 articles was extracted from the PubMed and the Movement Disorder Society Genetic mutation database. No potentially causative variant(s) in the SNCA gene, excepting two single-nucleotide nonsynonymous variants c.158C>T (p.A53V, rs542171324) and c.349C>T (p.P117S, rs145138372), were detected. There was no statistically significant difference in the genotypic or allelic frequencies for either variant between the PD group and the control group (all P > 0.05). No copy number variants of the SNCA gene were detected. The results of this study suggest that the variants in the exons of the SNCA gene may have less or no role in the development of PD in the Han Chinese populations. The literature review suggests that psychiatric signs and cognitive decline/dementia were more common among patients with SNCA duplication or triplication (psychiatric signs: χ2 = 7.892, P = 0.005; cognitive decline/dementia: χ2 = 8.991, P = 0.003).
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Guo
- Department of Medical Information, School of Life Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Zhi Song
- Department of Neurology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wen Zheng
- Department of Neurology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Cancer Research Institute, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Neurology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Lamei Yuan
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Neurology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Disease Genome Research Center, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Hao Deng
- Center for Experimental Medicine, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Department of Neurology, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.,Disease Genome Research Center, Central South University, Changsha, China
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28
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Chen YP, Gu XJ, Song W, Hou YB, Ou RW, Zhang LY, Liu KC, Su WM, Cao B, Wei QQ, Zhao B, Wu Y, Shang HF. Rare Variants Analysis of Lysosomal Related Genes in Early-Onset and Familial Parkinson's Disease in a Chinese Cohort. JOURNAL OF PARKINSONS DISEASE 2021; 11:1845-1855. [PMID: 34250953 DOI: 10.3233/jpd-212658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Genetic studies have indicated that variants in several lysosomal genes are risk factors for idiopathic Parkinson's disease (PD). However, the role of lysosomal genes in PD in Asian populations is largely unknown. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to analyze rare variants in lysosomal related genes in Chinese population with early-onset and familial PD. METHODS In total, 1,136 participants, including 536 and 600 patients with sporadic early-onset PD (SEOPD) and familial PD, respectively, underwent whole-exome sequencing to assess the genetic etiology. Rare variants in PD were investigated in 67 candidate lysosomal related genes (LRGs), including 15 lysosomal function-related genes and 52 lysosomal storage disorder genes. RESULTS Compared with the autosomal dominant PD (ADPD) or SEOPD cohorts, a much higher proportion of patients with multiple rare damaging variants of LRGs were found in the autosomal recessive PD (ARPD) cohort. At a gene level, rare damaging variants in GBA and MAN2B1 were enriched in PD, but in SCARB2, MCOLN1, LYST, VPS16, and VPS13C were much less in patients. At an allele level, GBA p. Leu483Pro was found to increase the risk of PD. Genotype-phenotype correlation showed no significance in the clinical features among patients carrying a discrepant number of rare variants in LRGs. CONCLUSION Our study suggests rare variants in LRGs might be more important in the pathogenicity of ARPD cases compared with ADPD or SEOPD. We further confirm rare variants in GBA are involve in PD pathogenecity and other genes associated with PD identified in this study should be supported with more evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Ping Chen
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiao-Jing Gu
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei Song
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan-Bing Hou
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ru-Wei Ou
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ling-Yu Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Kun-Cheng Liu
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wei-Ming Su
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bei Cao
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qian-Qian Wei
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Bi Zhao
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Wu
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hui-Fang Shang
- Department of Neurology, Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Rare Disease Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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29
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Gene variants and expression changes of SIRT1 and SIRT6 in peripheral blood are associated with Parkinson's disease. Sci Rep 2021; 11:10677. [PMID: 34021216 PMCID: PMC8140123 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-90059-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease caused by complex interaction between genetic and environmental factors. There is a growing body of evidence of the involvement of sirtuins (SIRTs) in disease pathomechanism. SIRTs are NAD+-dependent histone deacetylases which take part in various cellular functions. However, available data of the relationship between SIRT gene polymorphisms and PD is limited. Our aim was to investigate the possible association of 10 SNPs identified within non-mitochondrial SIRTs, SIRT1, -2 and -6 with the risk of PD in Hungarian population, and to compare the expression level of these SIRTs between healthy controls and PD patients. Our results showed that rs3740051 and rs3818292 of SIRT1 and rs350843, rs350844, rs107251, rs350845 and rs350846 of SIRT6 show weak association with PD risk. On the contrary rs12778366 and rs3758391 of SIRT1 and rs10410544 of SIRT2 did not show association with PD. Moreover, we detected that mRNA level of SIRT1 was down-regulated, and mRNA level of SIRT6 was up-regulated, while SIRT2 mRNA level was not altered in the peripheral blood of PD patients as compared to controls. The difference in both cases was more pronounced when comparing the early-onset PD group to the control cohort. Nevertheless, mRNA level changes did not show any association with the presence of any of the investigated SNPs either in the PD or in the control group. In conclusion, our findings suggest that non-mitochondrial sirtuins, SIRT1 and -6 but not SIRT2 might contribute to the pathogenesis of PD in the Hungarian population both via their altered mRNA levels and via gene alterations identified as specific SNPs.
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30
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Liu H, Koros C, Strohäker T, Schulte C, Bozi M, Varvaresos S, Ibáñez de Opakua A, Simitsi AM, Bougea A, Voumvourakis K, Maniati M, Papageorgiou SG, Hauser AK, Becker S, Zweckstetter M, Stefanis L, Gasser T. A Novel SNCA A30G Mutation Causes Familial Parkinson's Disease. Mov Disord 2021; 36:1624-1633. [PMID: 33617693 DOI: 10.1002/mds.28534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The SNCA gene encoding α-synuclein (αSyn) is the first gene identified to cause autosomal-dominant Parkinson's disease (PD). OBJECTIVE We report the identification of a novel heterozygous A30G mutation of the SNCA gene in familial PD and describe clinical features of affected patients, genetic findings, and functional consequences. METHODS Whole exome sequencing was performed in the discovery family proband. Restriction digestion with Bbvl was used to screen SNCA A30G in two validation cohorts. The Greek cohort included 177 familial PD probands, 109 sporadic PD cases, and 377 neurologically healthy controls. The German cohort included 136 familial PD probands, 380 sporadic PD cases, and 116 neurologically healthy controls. We also conducted haplotype analysis using 13 common single nucleotide variants around A30G to determine the possibility of a founder effect for A30G. We then used biophysical methods to characterize A30G αSyn. RESULTS We identified a novel SNCA A30G (GRCh37, Chr4:90756730, c.89 C>G) mutation that co-segregated with the disease in five affected individuals of three Greek families and was absent from controls. A founder effect was strongly suggested by haplotype analysis. The A30G mutation had a local effect on the intrinsically disordered structure of αSyn, slightly perturbed membrane binding, and promoted fibril formation. CONCLUSION Based on the identification of A30G co-segregating with the disease in three families, the absence of the mutation in controls and population databases, and the observed functional effects, we propose SNCA A30G as a novel causative mutation for familial PD. © 2021 The Authors. Movement Disorders published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen and German Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Christos Koros
- 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.,2nd Department of Neurology, Attikon Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Timo Strohäker
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Claudia Schulte
- Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen and German Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Maria Bozi
- 2nd Department of Neurology, Attikon Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Stefanos Varvaresos
- 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Athina Maria Simitsi
- 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasia Bougea
- 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Voumvourakis
- 2nd Department of Neurology, Attikon Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Matina Maniati
- Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Sokratis G Papageorgiou
- 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.,2nd Department of Neurology, Attikon Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Ann-Kathrin Hauser
- Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen and German Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stefan Becker
- Department for NMR-based Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Markus Zweckstetter
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Göttingen, Germany.,Department for NMR-based Structural Biology, Max Planck Institute for Biophysical Chemistry, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Leonidas Stefanis
- 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.,Laboratory of Neurodegenerative Diseases, Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Thomas Gasser
- Department for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Hertie Institute for Clinical Brain Research, University of Tübingen and German Center of Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE), Tübingen, Germany
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31
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Liu X, Le W. Profiling Non-motor Symptoms in Monogenic Parkinson's Disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:591183. [PMID: 33192488 PMCID: PMC7661846 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.591183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease in the elder population, pathologically characterized by the progressive loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra. While the precise mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of PD remain unknown, various genetic factors have been proved to be associated with PD. To date, at least 23 loci and 19 disease-causing genes for PD have been identified. Although monogenic (often familial) cases account for less than 5% of all PD patients, exploring the phenotypes of monogenic PD can help us understand the disease pathogenesis and progression. Primary motor symptoms are important for PD diagnosis but only detectable at a relatively late stage. Despite typical motor symptoms, various non-motor symptoms (NMS) including sensory complaints, mental disorders, autonomic dysfunction, and sleep disturbances also have negative impacts on the quality of life in PD patients and pose major challenges for disease management. NMS is common in all stages of the PD course. NMS can occur long before the onset of PD motor symptoms or can present in the middle or late stage of the disease accompanied by motor symptoms. Therefore, the profiling and characterization of NMS in monogenic PD may help the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of PD, which thereby can execute early intervention to delay the disease progression. In this review, we summarize the characteristics, clinical phenotypes, especially the NMS of monogenic PD patients carrying mutations of SNCA, LRRK2, VPS35, Parkin, PINK1, DJ-1, and GBA. The clinical implications of this linkage between NMS and PD-related genes are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyao Liu
- Liaoning Provincial Center for Clinical Research on Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Research on the Pathogenic Mechanisms of Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Weidong Le
- Liaoning Provincial Center for Clinical Research on Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Liaoning Provincial Key Laboratory for Research on the Pathogenic Mechanisms of Neurological Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Institute of Neurology, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences-Sichuan Provincial Hospital, Chengdu, China
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