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Malkiewicz JJ, Siuda J. Evaluation of Cardiovascular Autonomic Nervous System in Essential Tremor and Tremor Dominant Parkinson's Disease. Brain Sci 2024; 14:313. [PMID: 38671965 PMCID: PMC11048246 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14040313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2024] [Revised: 03/16/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: The differential diagnosis of essential tremor (ET) and tremor-dominant Parkinson's disease (TDPD) can be challenging. Only a few studies have investigated the autonomic nervous system (ANS) in ET. However, some of these suggested that heart rate variability (HRV) might be useful in the differential diagnosis. (2) Methods: Demographic and clinical data, including medications and comorbidities, were collected from 15 TDPD patients, 19 ET patients, and 20 healthy controls. Assessment with the SCOPA-AUT questionnaire, 5 min HRV analysis in time and frequency domains, and evaluation of orthostatic hypotension (OH) with tilt test were performed. (3) Results: There were no significant differences between all groups on the SCOPA-AUT questionnaire. PD patients had OH more frequently and a larger drop in systolic blood pressure (SBP) during the tilt test than ET patients and controls. HRV was affected in PD, but not in ET and controls. Power in the low frequency band, the standard deviation of all normal RR intervals and SBP drop were potentially useful in differential diagnosis with AUCs of 0.83, 0.78, and 0.83, respectively. (4) Conclusions: Cardiovascular ANS dysfunction was present in TDPD, but not in ET and controls. HRV analysis and assessment of SBP drop may be potentially useful in the differential diagnosis of ET and TDPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub J. Malkiewicz
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, University Clinical Center Prof. K. Gibiński, 14 Medyków Street, 40-752 Katowice, Poland;
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2
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Toś M, Grażyńska A, Antoniuk S, Siuda J. Impulse Control Disorders in Parkinson's Disease and Atypical Parkinsonian Syndromes-Is There a Difference? Brain Sci 2024; 14:181. [PMID: 38391755 PMCID: PMC10886884 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14020181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Impulse control disorders (ICDs) are characterized by potentially harmful actions resulting from disturbances in the self-control of emotions and behavior. ICDs include disorders such as gambling, hypersexuality, binge eating, and compulsive buying. ICDs are known non-motor symptoms in Parkinson's disease (PD) and are associated primarily with the use of dopaminergic treatment (DRT) and especially dopamine agonists (DA). However, in atypical parkinsonism (APS), such as progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) or multiple system atrophy (MSA), there are only single case reports of ICDs without attempts to determine the risk factors for their occurrence. Moreover, numerous reports in the literature indicate increased impulsivity in PSP. Our study aimed to determine the frequency of individual ICDs in APS compared to PD and identify potential factors for developing ICDs in APS. MATERIALS AND METHODS Our prospective study included 185 patients with PD and 35 with APS (27 patients with PSP and 9 with MSA) hospitalized between 2020 and 2023 at the Neurological Department of University Central Hospital in Katowice. Each patient was examined using the Questionnaire for Impulsive-Compulsive Disorders in Parkinson's Disease (QUIP) to assess ICDs. Additionally, other scales were used to assess the advancement of the disease, the severity of depression, and cognitive impairment. Information on age, gender, age of onset, disease duration, and treatment used were collected from medical records and patient interviews. RESULTS ICDs were detected in 23.39% of patients with PD (including binge eating in 11.54%, compulsive buying in 10.44%, hypersexuality in 8.79%, and pathological gambling in 4.40%), in one patient with MSA (hypersexuality and pathological gambling), and in 18.52% of patients with PSP (binge eating in 3.70%, compulsive buying in 7.41%, and hypersexuality in 11.11%). We found no differences in the frequency of ICDs between individual diseases (p = 0.4696). We confirmed that the use of higher doses of DA and L-dopa in patients with PD, as well as a longer disease duration and the presence of motor complications, were associated with a higher incidence of ICDs. However, we did not find any treatment effect on the incidence of ICDs in APS. CONCLUSIONS ICDs are common and occur with a similar frequency in PD and APS. Well-described risk factors for ICDs in PD, such as the use of DRT or longer disease duration, are not fully reflected in the risk factors for ICDs in APS. This applies especially to PSP, which, unlike PD and MSA, is a tauopathy in which, in addition to the use of DRT, other mechanisms related to the disease, such as disorders in neuronal loops and neurotransmitter deficits, may influence the development of ICDs. Further prospective multicenter studies recruiting larger groups of patients are needed to fully determine the risk factors and mechanisms of ICD development in APS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Toś
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Anna Grażyńska
- Department of Imaging Diagnostics and Interventional Radiology, Kornel Gibiński Independent Public Central Clinical Hospital, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Sofija Antoniuk
- St. Barbara Regional Specialist Hospital No. 5, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland
| | - Joanna Siuda
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
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Podlecka-Piętowska A, Sierdziński J, Nojszewska M, Stawicki J, Bartosik-Psujek H, Lech B, Popiel M, Perenc A, Kułakowska A, Czarnowska A, Kulikowska J, Kapica-Topczewska K, Jamróz-Wiśniewska A, Rejdak K, Zaborski J, Kubicka-Bączyk K, Niedziela N, Wierzbicki K, Adamczyk-Sowa M, Zwiernik J, Zwiernik B, Milewska-Jędrzejczak M, Głąbiński A, Jasińska E, Puz P, Krzystanek E, Stęposz A, Karuga A, Lasek-Bal A, Siuda J, Kściuk B, Walawska-Hrycek A, Patalong-Ogiewa M, Kaczmarczyk A, Siutka K, Brola W, Zakrzewska-Pniewska B. Analysis of seroconversion following COVID-19 vaccination among multiple sclerosis patients treated with disease-modifying therapies in Poland. Neurol Neurochir Pol 2024; 58:112-119. [PMID: 38251955 DOI: 10.5603/pjnns.96425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 10/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
CLINICAL RATIONALE FOR THE STUDY The rapid spread of SARS-CoV-2 throughout the world has highlighted the importance of vaccinations to control the pandemic and to protect people at risk for severe disease courses. Disease-modifying therapies (DMT) in multiple sclerosis (MS), whether immunomodulatory or immunosuppressive, may affect the immune response. Therefore, the question arose as to whether these vaccinations would be effective. AIM OF THE STUDY We planned a study to assess the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines by type of therapy. MATERIAL AND METHODS Participants were recruited from 14 Polish MS centres. The data was obtained by neurologists using a questionnaire. We collected data on 353 MS patients (269 females, 84 males) who received complete primary SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. All persons with MS (PwMS) were treated with disease-modifying therapies. RESULTS 305 out of 353 PwMS (86.4%) were positive for IgG Abs against SARS-CoV-2 S domain S1 Ag after vaccination. A strong immune response was noted in 129 PwMS (36.5%). The rate of seroconversion after SARS-CoV-2 vaccination in PwMS who received immunomodulatory DMTs (interferon beta, glatiramer acetate, teriflunomide, dimethyl fumarate, natalizumab) was 91.5%, in PwMS receiving immune reconstruction therapy (alemtuzumab, cladribine) was 92%, and in immunosuppressive DMTs (fingolimod, ocrelizumab), the seroconversion rate was 59%. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Our study shows that, in PwMS receiving immunomodulatory therapy, the immune response to vaccination is generally excellent. Even in immunosuppressive patients, seroconversion is satisfactory.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Janusz Sierdziński
- Department of Medical Informatics and Telemedicine, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Nojszewska
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Jakub Stawicki
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Halina Bartosik-Psujek
- Department of Neurology, Institute of Medical Sciences, Medical College of Rzeszow University, Rzeszów
| | - Beata Lech
- Neurology Clinic With Brain Stroke Sub-Unit, Clinical Hospital No. 2 in Rzeszow, Lwowska
| | - Małgorzata Popiel
- Neurology Clinic With Brain Stroke Sub-Unit, Clinical Hospital No. 2 in Rzeszow, Lwowska
| | - Adam Perenc
- Neurology Clinic With Brain Stroke Sub-Unit, Clinical Hospital No. 2 in Rzeszow, Lwowska
| | - Alina Kułakowska
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Agata Czarnowska
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Joanna Kulikowska
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | | | | | - Konrad Rejdak
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
| | - Jacek Zaborski
- Department of Neurology and Neurorehabilitation, Miedzyleski Specialist Hospital, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kubicka-Bączyk
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Natalia Niedziela
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Wierzbicki
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Monika Adamczyk-Sowa
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - Jacek Zwiernik
- Neurology Ward, Provincial Specialist Hospital, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Beata Zwiernik
- Department of Neurology, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland
| | | | - Andrzej Głąbiński
- Department of Neurology and Stroke, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Przemysław Puz
- Department of Neurology, School of Health Sciences, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland
| | - Ewa Krzystanek
- Department of Neurology, School of Health Sciences, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland
| | - Arkadiusz Stęposz
- Department of Neurology, School of Health Sciences, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Karuga
- Department of Neurology, School of Health Sciences, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland
| | - Anetta Lasek-Bal
- Department of Neurology, School of Health Sciences, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland
| | - Joanna Siuda
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland
| | - Barbara Kściuk
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland
| | - Anna Walawska-Hrycek
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland
| | - Maja Patalong-Ogiewa
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Kaczmarczyk
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Siutka
- Department of Neurology, Specialist Hospital in Konskie, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University Kielce, Konskie, Poland
| | - Waldemar Brola
- Department of Neurology, Specialist Hospital in Konskie, Collegium Medicum, Jan Kochanowski University Kielce, Konskie, Poland
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4
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Jarosińska A, Pilśniak A, Cieśla-Fuławka A, Dziubak W, Siuda J, Holecki MT. Atypical presentation of Lyme disease. Arch Med Sci 2024; 20:344-347. [PMID: 38414461 PMCID: PMC10895935 DOI: 10.5114/aoms/175494] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/19/2023] [Indexed: 02/29/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Jarosińska
- Department of Internal Medicine, Autoimmune and Metabolic Diseases, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Pilśniak
- Department of Internal Medicine, Autoimmune and Metabolic Diseases, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Cieśla-Fuławka
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Poland
| | - Wioletta Dziubak
- Department of Neurorehabilitation, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Poland
| | - Joanna Siuda
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Poland
| | - Michał Tadeusz Holecki
- Department of Internal Medicine, Autoimmune and Metabolic Diseases, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Poland
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Watzlawik JO, Hou X, Richardson T, Lewicki SL, Siuda J, Wszolek ZK, Cook CN, Petrucelli L, DeTure M, Dickson DW, Antico O, Muqit MMK, Fishman JB, Pirani K, Kumaran R, Polinski NK, Fiesel FC, Springer W. Development and characterization of phospho-ubiquitin antibodies to monitor PINK1-PRKN signaling in cells and tissue. bioRxiv 2024:2024.01.15.575715. [PMID: 38293125 PMCID: PMC10827112 DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.15.575715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
The selective removal of dysfunctional mitochondria, a process termed mitophagy, is critical for cellular health and impairments have been linked to aging, Parkinson disease, and other neurodegenerative conditions. A central mitophagy pathway is orchestrated by the ubiquitin (Ub) kinase PINK1 together with the E3 Ub ligase PRKN/Parkin. The decoration of damaged mitochondrial domains with phosphorylated Ub (p-S65-Ub) mediates their elimination though the autophagy system. As such p-S65-Ub has emerged as a highly specific and quantitative marker of mitochondrial damage with significant disease relevance. Existing p-S65-Ub antibodies have been successfully employed as research tools in a range of applications including western blot, immunocytochemistry, immunohistochemistry, and ELISA. However, physiological levels of p-S65-Ub in the absence of exogenous stress are very low, therefore difficult to detect and require reliable and ultrasensitive methods. Here we generated and characterized a collection of novel recombinant, rabbit monoclonal p-S65-Ub antibodies with high specificity and affinity in certain applications that allow the field to better understand the molecular mechanisms and disease relevance of PINK1-PRKN signaling. These antibodies may also serve as novel diagnostic or prognostic tools to monitor mitochondrial damage in various clinical and pathological specimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jens O. Watzlawik
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Xu Hou
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | | | - Szymon L. Lewicki
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Joanna Siuda
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice 40-055, Poland
| | | | - Casey N. Cook
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
- Neuroscience PhD Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Leonard Petrucelli
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
- Neuroscience PhD Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Michael DeTure
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Dennis W. Dickson
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
- Neuroscience PhD Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Odetta Antico
- MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH, United Kingdom
| | - Miratul M. K. Muqit
- MRC Protein Phosphorylation and Ubiquitylation Unit, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, DD1 5EH, United Kingdom
| | | | - Karima Pirani
- ImmunoPrecise Antibodies Ltd., Victoria, BC V8Z 7X8, Canada
| | | | - Nicole K. Polinski
- The Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson’s Research, New York, NY 10163, USA
| | - Fabienne C. Fiesel
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
- Neuroscience PhD Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Wolfdieter Springer
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
- Neuroscience PhD Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
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Zawiślak-Fornagiel K, Ledwoń D, Bugdol M, Grażyńska A, Ślot M, Tabaka-Pradela J, Bieniek I, Siuda J. Quantitative EEG Spectral and Connectivity Analysis for Cognitive Decline in Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment. J Alzheimers Dis 2024; 97:1235-1247. [PMID: 38217593 DOI: 10.3233/jad-230485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is considered to be the borderline of cognitive changes associated with aging and very early dementia. Cognitive functions in MCI can improve, remain stable or progress to clinically probable AD. Quantitative electroencephalography (qEEG) can become a useful tool for using the analytical techniques to quantify EEG patterns indicating cognitive impairment. OBJECTIVE The aim of our study was to assess spectral and connectivity analysis of the EEG resting state activity in amnestic MCI (aMCI) patients in comparison with healthy control group (CogN). METHODS 30 aMCI patients and 23 CogN group, matched by age and education, underwent equal neuropsychological assessment and EEG recording, according to the same protocol. RESULTS qEEG spectral analysis revealed decrease of global relative beta band power and increase of global relative theta and delta power in aMCI patients. Whereas, decreased coherence in centroparietal right area considered to be an early qEEG biomarker of functional disconnection of the brain network in aMCI patients. In conclusion, the demonstrated changes in qEEG, especially, the coherence patterns are specific biomarkers of cognitive impairment in aMCI. CONCLUSIONS Therefore, qEEG measurements appears to be a useful tool that complements neuropsychological diagnostics, assessing the risk of progression and provides a basis for possible interventions designed to improve cognitive functions or even inhibit the progression of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Zawiślak-Fornagiel
- Department of Neurology, Prof. Kornel Gibiński University Clinical Center, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Daniel Ledwoń
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Monika Bugdol
- Faculty of Biomedical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Anna Grażyńska
- Department of Imaging Diagnostics and Interventional Radiology, Prof. Kornel Gibiński University Clinical Center, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Maciej Ślot
- Department of Solid State Physics, Faculty of Physics and Applied Computer Science, University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
| | - Justyna Tabaka-Pradela
- Department of Neurology, Prof. Kornel Gibiński University Clinical Center, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Izabela Bieniek
- Department of Neurology, Prof. Kornel Gibiński University Clinical Center, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Joanna Siuda
- Department of Neurology, Prof. Kornel Gibiński University Clinical Center, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
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7
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Malkiewicz JJ, Siuda J. Comparison of autonomic dysfunction in patients with Parkinson's Disease, progressive supranuclear palsy, and multiple system atrophy. Neurol Neurochir Pol 2023; 58:193-202. [PMID: 38148738 DOI: 10.5603/pjnns.96939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2023] [Revised: 10/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY To assess and compare autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction, especially cardiovascular dysautonomia, in Parkinson's Disease (PD), multiple system atrophy (MSA), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), and healthy controls. CLINICAL RATIONALE FOR THE STUDY Assessment of ANS can be useful in differential diagnosis. Dysautonomia affects quality of life and can lead to potentially life-threatening complications. There is very little literature data regarding dysautonomia in PSP in relation to other parkinsonian syndromes. This study expands the knowledge about ANS dysfunction in parkinsonisms, especially PSP. MATERIAL AND METHODS Patients with PD, MSA and PSP were prospectively recruited to our study. Demographic data and information about clinical and neuropsychological assessment, medication and comorbidities was collected. SCOPA-AUT questionnaire, 5-minute tilt test, and 5-minute heart rate variability (HRV) analysis in time and frequency domains were used to assess ANS. Analysis was also performed in patients with PSP-RS and PSP-P phenotypes, and in a subgroup with eliminated confounding factors, including age and disease duration. RESULTS 76 PD, 25 PSP, and 12 MSA patients, and 20 controls, were included. Symptoms of dysautonomia revealed by a SCOPA-AUT questionnaire were present in all groups of patients. Urinary dysfunction was more pronounced in atypical parkinsonisms, and cardiovascular symptoms in α-synucleinopathies. HRV was disrupted in all groups of patients. However, when PSP-P and PSP-RS phenotypes were considered, HRV was diminished in PSP-RS, but there were no differences in HRV parameters between PSP-P and controls. Neurogenic orthostatic hypotension was present in 25% of PD and 58% of MSA patients, but it was absent in PSP patients and the control group. 13 PD and nine PSP patients and 16 controls were included in subanalysis. This revealed that PSP, but not PD, patients had significantly more symptoms of dysautonomia and lower HRV indices compared to controls, and that orthostatic hypotension was even more common in PD than in controls. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Our study suggests that dysautonomia is common in PD, MSA and PSP, even though it has different profiles in the different diseases. NOH is present in PD and MSA, but not in PSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub J Malkiewicz
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Joanna Siuda
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
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Watzlawik JO, Fiesel FC, Fiorino G, Bustillos BA, Baninameh Z, Markham BN, Hou X, Hayes CS, Bredenberg JM, Kurchaba NW, Fričová D, Siuda J, Wszolek ZK, Noda S, Sato S, Hattori N, Prasad AA, Kirik D, Fox HS, Stauch KL, Goldberg MS, Springer W. Basal activity of PINK1 and PRKN in cell models and rodent brain. Autophagy 2023:1-12. [PMID: 38041584 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2023.2286414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitin kinase-ligase pair PINK1-PRKN recognizes and transiently labels damaged mitochondria with ubiquitin phosphorylated at Ser65 (p-S65-Ub) to mediate their selective degradation (mitophagy). Complete loss of PINK1 or PRKN function unequivocally leads to early-onset Parkinson disease, but it is debated whether impairments in mitophagy contribute to disease later in life. While the pathway has been extensively studied in cell culture upon acute and massive mitochondrial stress, basal levels of activation under endogenous conditions and especially in vivo in the brain remain undetermined. Using rodent samples, patient-derived cells, and isogenic neurons, we here identified age-dependent, brain region-, and cell type-specific effects and determined expression levels and extent of basal and maximal activation of PINK1 and PRKN. Our work highlights the importance of defining critical risk and therapeutically relevant levels of PINK1-PRKN signaling which will further improve diagnosis and prognosis and will lead to better stratification of patients for future clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fabienne C Fiesel
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
- Neuroscience PhD Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Gabriella Fiorino
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
- Neuroscience PhD Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | - Zahra Baninameh
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | - Xu Hou
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Caleb S Hayes
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | | | | | - Joanna Siuda
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | | | - Sachiko Noda
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shigeto Sato
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobutaka Hattori
- Department of Neurology, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Asheeta A Prasad
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Deniz Kirik
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, School of Medical Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Howard S Fox
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Kelly L Stauch
- Department of Neurological Sciences, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA
| | - Matthew S Goldberg
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Wolfdieter Springer
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
- Neuroscience PhD Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, FL, USA
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Toś M, Grażyńska A, Antoniuk S, Siuda J. Impulse Control Disorders in the Polish Population of Patients with Parkinson's Disease. Medicina (Kaunas) 2023; 59:1468. [PMID: 37629758 PMCID: PMC10456804 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59081468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Parkinson's disease (PD) is one of the most common neurodegenerative diseases in the world. It is characterized by the presence of not only typical motor symptoms but also several less known and aware non-motor symptoms (NMS). The group of disorders included in the NMS is Impulse Control Disorders (ICDs). ICDs are a group of disorders in which patients are unable to resist temptations and feel a strong, pressing desire for specific activities such as gambling, hypersexuality, binge eating, and compulsive buying. The occurrence of ICDs is believed to be associated primarily with dopaminergic treatment, with the use of dopamine agonists (DA), and to a lesser extent with high doses of L-dopa. The aim of our study was to develop a profile of Polish ICDs patients and assess the frequency of occurrence of ICDs, as well as determine the risk factors associated with these disorders against the background of the PD population from other countries. Materials and Methods: Our prospective study included 135 patients with idiopathic PD who were hospitalized between 2020 and 2022 at the Neurological Department of University Central Hospital in Katowice. In the assessment of ICDs, we used the Questionnaire for Impulsive-Compulsive Disorders in Parkinson's Disease (QUIP). Other scales with which we assessed patients with PD were as follows: MDS-UPDRS part III and modified Hoehn-Yahr staging. Clinical data on age, gender, disease duration and onset, motor complications, and medications were collected from electronic records. Results: ICDs were detected in 27.41% of PD patients (binge eating in 12.59%, hypersexuality in 11.11%, compulsive buying in 10.37%, and pathological gambling occurred in only 5.19% of patients. In total, 8.89% had two or more ICDs). The major finding was that ICDs were more common in patients taking DA than in those who did not use medication from this group (83.78% vs. 54.07%, respectively; p = 0.0015). Patients with ICDs had longer disease duration, the presence of motor complications, and sleep disorders. An important finding was also a very low detection of ICDs in a routine medical examination; only 13.51% of all patients with ICDs had a positive medical history of this disorder. Conclusions: ICDs are relatively common in the population of Polish PD patients. The risk factors for developing ICDs include longer duration of the disease, presence of motor complications, sleep disorders, and use of DA and L-dopa. Due to the low detectability of ICDs in routine medical history, it is essential for physicians to pay more attention to the possibility of the occurrence of these symptoms, especially in patients with several risk factors. Further prospective studies on a larger group of PD patients are needed to establish a full profile of Polish PD patients with ICDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mateusz Toś
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Anna Grażyńska
- Department of Imaging Diagnostics and Interventional Radiology, Kornel Gibiński Independent Public Central Clinical Hospital, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Sofija Antoniuk
- St. Barbara Regional Specialist Hospital No. 5, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland;
| | - Joanna Siuda
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland;
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10
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Borończyk M, Węgrzynek J, Borończyk A, Siuda J. The MOG antibody associated encephalitis preceded by COVID-19 infection; a case study and systematic review of the literature. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1239657. [PMID: 37638199 PMCID: PMC10449573 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1239657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background New neurological complications of COVID-19 infection have been reported in recent research. Among them, the spectrum of anti-MOG positive diseases, defined as anti-MOG antibody associated disease (MOGAD), is distinguished, which can manifest as optic neuritis, myelitis, or various forms of encephalitis (MOGAE). Materials and methods This study reports a new case of MOGAE following SARS-CoV-2 infection. A literature review of other MOGAE cases associated with COVID-19 infection was conducted and summarized. Results A 60-year-old male patient, who had previously been infected with COVID-19, was admitted to the Neurology Department with a rapidly progressive deterioration of his cognitive functions that lasted for about 3 months. On neurological examination, the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score was 17, which further deteriorated to 13. In addition, central paresis of the right VIIth nerve and pyramidal hemiparesis on the right side were noted. The MRI of the brain showed multiple hyperintense lesions. The CSF examination revealed an elevated total protein level with a normal cell count, and serum showed a positive finding of anti-MOG antibodies. Taking into account all the information, the diagnosis of MOGAE, following COVID-19 infection, was made. A total of 9 similar cases of MOGAE associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection were identified in the available literature. Among them 2 cases presented progressive cognitive dysfunction and another 5 altered mental status. The most frequently described MRI changes were hyperintense lesions located cortically and/or subcortically. Anti-MOG antibodies were positive in all patients. In 5 cases they were detected only in serum, in 2 cases in serum and CSF, and in 2 cases the origin was not reported. Conclusion The reported cases of MOGAE following COVID-19 infection suggest an increasing new clinical problem, and show an association between COVID-19 and MOGADs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michał Borończyk
- Students' Scientific Association, Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Julia Węgrzynek
- Students' Scientific Association, Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Borończyk
- Students' Scientific Association, Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Joanna Siuda
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
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11
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Malkiewicz JJ, Kasprzyk AG, Waksmundzki D, Węgrzynek J, Chmiela T, Siuda J. Risk factors for dementia in Parkinson's Disease - the overuse of anticholinergic drugs. Neurol Neurochir Pol 2023; 57:405-413. [PMID: 37357543 DOI: 10.5603/pjnns.a2023.0041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
AIM OF THE STUDY To determine the risk factors for dementia in a group of patients with Parkinson's Disease (PD), especially the effect of the anticholinergic burden assessed according to the Anticholinergic Cognitive Burden scale (ACB) and the CRIDECO Anticholinergic Load Scale (CALS). CLINICAL RATIONALE FOR THE STUDY To provide information about factors associated with Parkinson's Disease dementia (PDD), especially the anticholinergic burden and testing the effect of both scales in an assessment of the anticholinergic burden in this group of patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS A retrospective and cross-sectional analysis of medical records of patients with Parkinson's Disease admitted to the Neurology Department of the Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland between 2019 and 2021 was performed. We found 418 patients with a diagnosis of PD, but 80 were excluded due to lack of a cognitive function assessment. Based on MMSE score, the remaining 338 patients were divided into two groups of patients with, and without, PDD. Next, demographic and clinical data was collected. The anticholinergic burden was assessed using the ACB and the CALS scales. According to the authors of these scales, : if a scale score is of three or more points, this should be considered as a significant anticholinergic burden. Multiple logistic regression with backward elimination was used to assess factors significantly related to the presence of dementia, and two different models were used for both scales assessing the anticholinergic burden. RESULTS 62 (18.3%) patients were diagnosed with PDD. Overall significant anticholinergic burden (≥ 3 points) was found in 31.95% of patients using CALS and in 18.93% using ACB. Anticholinergic burden was higher in patients with dementia (CALS 50 vs. 27.90%, p < 0.001, ACB 43.5 vs. 13.41%, p < 0.001). According to both models, the factors significantly related to dementia were: age (ACB OR 1,114 (1.062-1.170), p < 0.001, CALS OR 1.123 (1.070-1.178), p < 0.001), significant anticholinergic burden (ACB OR 3.433 (1.746-6.750), p < 0.001, CALS OR 2.166 (1.157-4.055), p = 0.016) disease severity in the Hoehn-Yahr scale (ACB OR 1.752 (1.197-2.565), p = 0.004, CALS OR 1.831 (1.256-2.670), p = 0.002) and atrial fibrillation (ACB OR 5.593 (1.417-22.083), p = 0.014, CALS OR 5.159 (1.314-20.254), p = 0.016). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS The anticholinergic burden is larger in PDD patients compared to PD patients without dementia. CALS or ACB scales are helpful in this risk assessment and might be crucial to avoid the development of PDD, especially in older PD patients with multimorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub J Malkiewicz
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Amadeusz G Kasprzyk
- Students' Scientific Association, Department of Neurorehabilitation, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Damian Waksmundzki
- Students' Scientific Association, Department of Neurorehabilitation, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Julia Węgrzynek
- Students' Scientific Association, Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
| | - Tomasz Chmiela
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Joanna Siuda
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
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12
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Wang H, Chen R, Xiao L, Kumar M, Acevedo-Cintrón J, Siuda J, Koziorowski D, Wszolek ZK, Dawson VL, Dawson TM. Defects in Mitochondrial Biogenesis Drive Mitochondrial Alterations in PINK1-deficient Human Dopamine Neurons. bioRxiv 2023:2023.06.23.546087. [PMID: 37425943 PMCID: PMC10327008 DOI: 10.1101/2023.06.23.546087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
Mutations and loss of activity in the protein kinase PINK1 play a role in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). PINK1 regulates many aspects of mitochondrial quality control including mitochondrial autophagy (mitophagy), fission, fusion, transport, and biogenesis. Defects in mitophagy are though to play a predominant role in the loss of dopamine (DA) neurons in PD. Here we show that, although there are defects in mitophagy in human DA neurons lacking PINK1, mitochondrial deficits induced by the absence of PINK1 are primarily due to defects in mitochondrial biogenesis. Upregulation of PARIS and the subsequent down regulation of PGC-1a accounts for the mitochondrial biogenesis defects. CRISPR/Cas9 knockdown of PARIS completely restores the mitochondrial biogenesis defects and mitochondrial function without impacting the deficits in mitophagy due to the absence of PINK1. These results highlight the importance mitochondrial biogenesis in the pathogenesis of PD due to inactivation or loss of PINK1 in human DA neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hu Wang
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA 21205
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA 21205
| | - Rong Chen
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA 21205
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA 21205
| | - Liming Xiao
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA 21205
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA 21205
| | - Manoj Kumar
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA 21205
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA 21205
| | - Jesús Acevedo-Cintrón
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA 21205
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA 21205
| | - Joanna Siuda
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Dariusz Koziorowski
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Health Science, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Valina L. Dawson
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA 21205
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA 21205
- Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA 21205
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA 21205
- Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70130-2685, USA
- Diana Helis Henry Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70130-2685, USA
| | - Ted M. Dawson
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA 21205
- Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA 21205
- Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA 21205
- Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70130-2685, USA
- Diana Helis Henry Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70130-2685, USA
- Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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13
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Turski P, Chaberska I, Szukało P, Pyska P, Milanowski Ł, Szlufik S, Figura M, Hoffman-Zacharska D, Siuda J, Koziorowski D. Review of the epidemiology and variability of LRRK2 non-p.Gly2019Ser pathogenic mutations in Parkinson’s disease. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:971270. [PMID: 36203807 PMCID: PMC9530194 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.971270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a heterogenous neurodegenerative disorder. Genetic factors play a significant role, especially in early onset and familial cases. Mutations are usually found in the LRRK2 gene, but their importance varies. Some mutations, such as p.Arg1441Cys or other alterations in the 1441 codon, show clear correlation with PD, whereas others are risk factors found also in healthy populations or have neglectable consequences. They also exhibit various prevalence among different populations. The aim of this paper is to sum up the current knowledge regarding the epidemiology and pathogenicity of LRRK2 mutations, other than the well-established p.Gly2019Ser. We performed a review of the literature using PubMed database. 103 publications met our inclusion criteria. p.Arg1441Cys, p.Arg1441Gly, p.Arg1441His, p.Arg1441Ser are the most common pathogenic mutations in European populations, especially Hispanic. p.Asn1437His is pathogenic and occurs mostly in the Scandinavians. p.Asn1437Ser and p.Asn1437Asp have been reported in German and Chinese cohorts respectively. p.Ile2020Thr is a rare pathogenic mutation described only in a Japanese cohort. p.Met1869Thr has only been reported in Caucasians. p.Tyr1699Cys, p.Ile1122Val have only been found in one family each. p.Glu1874Ter has been described in just one patient. We found no references concerning mutation p.Gln416Ter. We also report the first case of a Polish PD family whose members carried p.Asn1437His.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Turski
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Health Science, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Iwona Chaberska
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Health Science, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Szukało
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Health Science, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paulina Pyska
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Health Science, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Łukasz Milanowski
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Health Science, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Stanisław Szlufik
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Health Science, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Monika Figura
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Health Science, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Joanna Siuda
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Dariusz Koziorowski
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Health Science, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
- *Correspondence: Dariusz Koziorowski,
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14
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Chmiela T, Rzepka M, Kuca M, Serwońska K, Laskowski M, Koperczak A, Siuda J. Intravenous Thrombolysis for Acute Ischemic Stroke during the COVID-19 Pandemic-Polish Single-Center Retrospective Cohort Study. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12071068. [PMID: 35888156 PMCID: PMC9321477 DOI: 10.3390/life12071068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
COVID-19 has affected the entire world and has had a great impact on healthcare, influencing the treatment of patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS). The aim of this study was to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the care of patients with AIS. We performed a retrospective analysis of 1599 patients diagnosed with AIS and hospitalized in the authors' institution from January 2018 to December 2021. The final sample consisted of 265 patients treated with thrombolysis without a diagnosis of COVID-19. The initiation of thrombolytic treatment during the pandemic was delayed (2:42 ± 0:51 vs. 2:25 ± 0:53; p = 0.0006). The delay was mainly related to the pre-hospital phase (1:41 ± 0:48 vs. 1:26 ± 0:49; p = 0.0014), and the door-to-needle time was not affected. There were no differences in stroke severity and patients' outcomes. Patients with AIS were less likely to have previously been diagnosed with atrial fibrillation (16.9% vs. 26.7%; p = 0.0383), ischemic heart disease (25.3% vs. 46.5%; p = 0.0003) and hyperlipidemia (31.2% vs. 46.5%; p = 0.0264). Patients treated during the pandemic had higher glycemia (149.45 ± 54. vs. 143.25 ± 60.71 mg/dL; p= 0.0012), while no significant differences in their lipid profiles were found. Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic affected the treatment of AIS patients locally at our stroke center. It caused treatment delay and hindered the recognition of risk factors prior to the occurrence of AIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Chmiela
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland; (M.R.); (J.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Michalina Rzepka
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland; (M.R.); (J.S.)
| | - Maciej Kuca
- Students’ Scientific Association, Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland; (M.K.); (K.S.); (M.L.); (A.K.)
| | - Karolina Serwońska
- Students’ Scientific Association, Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland; (M.K.); (K.S.); (M.L.); (A.K.)
| | - Maciej Laskowski
- Students’ Scientific Association, Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland; (M.K.); (K.S.); (M.L.); (A.K.)
| | - Agnieszka Koperczak
- Students’ Scientific Association, Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland; (M.K.); (K.S.); (M.L.); (A.K.)
| | - Joanna Siuda
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland; (M.R.); (J.S.)
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15
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Milanowski LM, Hou X, Bredenberg JM, Fiesel FC, Cocker LT, Soto-Beasley AI, Walton RL, Strongosky AJ, Faroqi AH, Barcikowska M, Boczarska-Jedynak M, Dulski J, Fedoryshyn L, Janik P, Potulska-Chromik A, Karpinsky K, Krygowska-Wajs A, Lynch T, Olszewska DA, Opala G, Pulyk A, Rektorova I, Sanotsky Y, Siuda J, Widlak M, Slawek J, Rudzinska-Bar M, Uitti R, Figura M, Szlufik S, Rzonca-Niewczas S, Podgorska E, McLean PJ, Koziorowski D, Ross OA, Hoffman-Zacharska D, Springer W, Wszolek ZK. Cathepsin B p.Gly284Val Variant in Parkinson’s Disease Pathogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137086. [PMID: 35806091 PMCID: PMC9266886 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is generally considered a sporadic disorder, but a strong genetic background is often found. The aim of this study was to identify the underlying genetic cause of PD in two affected siblings and to subsequently assess the role of mutations in Cathepsin B (CTSB) in susceptibility to PD. A typical PD family was identified and whole-exome sequencing was performed in two affected siblings. Variants of interest were validated using Sanger sequencing. CTSB p.Gly284Val was genotyped in 2077 PD patients and 615 unrelated healthy controls from the Czech Republic, Ireland, Poland, Ukraine, and the USA. The gene burden analysis was conducted for the CTSB gene in an additional 769 PD probands from Mayo Clinic Florida familial PD cohort. CTSB expression and activity in patient-derived fibroblasts and controls were evaluated by qRT-PCR, western blot, immunocytochemistry, and enzymatic assay. The CTSB p.Gly284Val candidate variant was only identified in affected family members. Functional analysis of CTSB patient-derived fibroblasts under basal conditions did not reveal overt changes in endogenous expression, subcellular localization, or enzymatic activity in the heterozygous carrier of the CTSB variant. The identification of the CTSB p.Gly284Val may support the hypothesis that the CTSB locus harbors variants with differing penetrance that can determine the disease risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukasz M. Milanowski
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA; (L.M.M.); (A.J.S.); (J.D.); (R.U.); (Z.K.W.)
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA; (X.H.); (J.M.B.); (F.C.F.); (L.T.C.); (A.I.S.-B.); (R.L.W.); (A.H.F.); (P.J.M.); (O.A.R.)
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Health Science, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland; (P.J.); (A.P.-C.); (M.F.); (S.S.); (D.K.)
| | - Xu Hou
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA; (X.H.); (J.M.B.); (F.C.F.); (L.T.C.); (A.I.S.-B.); (R.L.W.); (A.H.F.); (P.J.M.); (O.A.R.)
| | - Jenny M. Bredenberg
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA; (X.H.); (J.M.B.); (F.C.F.); (L.T.C.); (A.I.S.-B.); (R.L.W.); (A.H.F.); (P.J.M.); (O.A.R.)
| | - Fabienne C. Fiesel
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA; (X.H.); (J.M.B.); (F.C.F.); (L.T.C.); (A.I.S.-B.); (R.L.W.); (A.H.F.); (P.J.M.); (O.A.R.)
- Neuroscience PhD Program, Mayo Graduate School, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Liam T. Cocker
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA; (X.H.); (J.M.B.); (F.C.F.); (L.T.C.); (A.I.S.-B.); (R.L.W.); (A.H.F.); (P.J.M.); (O.A.R.)
| | - Alexandra I. Soto-Beasley
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA; (X.H.); (J.M.B.); (F.C.F.); (L.T.C.); (A.I.S.-B.); (R.L.W.); (A.H.F.); (P.J.M.); (O.A.R.)
| | - Ronald L. Walton
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA; (X.H.); (J.M.B.); (F.C.F.); (L.T.C.); (A.I.S.-B.); (R.L.W.); (A.H.F.); (P.J.M.); (O.A.R.)
| | - Audrey J. Strongosky
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA; (L.M.M.); (A.J.S.); (J.D.); (R.U.); (Z.K.W.)
| | - Ayman H. Faroqi
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA; (X.H.); (J.M.B.); (F.C.F.); (L.T.C.); (A.I.S.-B.); (R.L.W.); (A.H.F.); (P.J.M.); (O.A.R.)
- Neuroscience PhD Program, Mayo Graduate School, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Maria Barcikowska
- Clinical Department of Neurology, Extrapyramidal Disorders and Alzheimer’s Outpatient Clinic, Central Clinical Hospital of the Ministry of the Interior and Administration in Warsaw, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Magdalena Boczarska-Jedynak
- Department of Neurology and Restorative Medicine, Health Institute dr Boczarska-Jedynak, 32-600 Oswiecim, Poland;
| | - Jaroslaw Dulski
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA; (L.M.M.); (A.J.S.); (J.D.); (R.U.); (Z.K.W.)
- Department of Neurology, St. Adalbert Hospital, Copernicus PL Ltd., 80-462 Gdansk, Poland;
- Division of Neurological and Psychiatric Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Lyuda Fedoryshyn
- Lviv Regional Clinical Hospital, 79010 Lviv, Ukraine; (L.F.); (Y.S.)
| | - Piotr Janik
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Health Science, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland; (P.J.); (A.P.-C.); (M.F.); (S.S.); (D.K.)
| | - Anna Potulska-Chromik
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Health Science, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland; (P.J.); (A.P.-C.); (M.F.); (S.S.); (D.K.)
| | - Katherine Karpinsky
- Uzhhorod Regional Clinical Centre of Neurosurgery and Neurology, 88018 Uzhhorod, Ukraine;
| | - Anna Krygowska-Wajs
- Department of Neurology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 31-008 Krakow, Poland;
| | - Tim Lynch
- The Dublin Neurological Institute, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, D07 W7XF Dublin, Ireland; (T.L.); (D.A.O.)
- School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Diana A. Olszewska
- The Dublin Neurological Institute, Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, D07 W7XF Dublin, Ireland; (T.L.); (D.A.O.)
- School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
- Edmond J. Safra Program in Parkinson’s Disease and the Morton and Gloria Shulman Movement Disorders Clinic, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, ON M5T 2S8, Canada
| | - Grzegorz Opala
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland; (G.O.); (J.S.)
| | | | - Irena Rektorova
- Applied Neuroscience Research Group, Central European Institute of Technology, CEITEC MU, Masaryk University, 601-77 Brno, Czech Republic;
- St. Anne’s University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, 601-77 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Yanosh Sanotsky
- Lviv Regional Clinical Hospital, 79010 Lviv, Ukraine; (L.F.); (Y.S.)
| | - Joanna Siuda
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland; (G.O.); (J.S.)
| | | | - Jaroslaw Slawek
- Department of Neurology, St. Adalbert Hospital, Copernicus PL Ltd., 80-462 Gdansk, Poland;
- Division of Neurological and Psychiatric Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Monika Rudzinska-Bar
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University, 30-705 Cracow, Poland;
| | - Ryan Uitti
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA; (L.M.M.); (A.J.S.); (J.D.); (R.U.); (Z.K.W.)
| | - Monika Figura
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Health Science, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland; (P.J.); (A.P.-C.); (M.F.); (S.S.); (D.K.)
| | - Stanislaw Szlufik
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Health Science, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland; (P.J.); (A.P.-C.); (M.F.); (S.S.); (D.K.)
| | | | - Elzbieta Podgorska
- Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 00-927 Warsaw, Poland;
| | - Pamela J. McLean
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA; (X.H.); (J.M.B.); (F.C.F.); (L.T.C.); (A.I.S.-B.); (R.L.W.); (A.H.F.); (P.J.M.); (O.A.R.)
- Neuroscience PhD Program, Mayo Graduate School, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Dariusz Koziorowski
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Health Science, Medical University of Warsaw, 02-091 Warsaw, Poland; (P.J.); (A.P.-C.); (M.F.); (S.S.); (D.K.)
| | - Owen A. Ross
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA; (X.H.); (J.M.B.); (F.C.F.); (L.T.C.); (A.I.S.-B.); (R.L.W.); (A.H.F.); (P.J.M.); (O.A.R.)
- Neuroscience PhD Program, Mayo Graduate School, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
- School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, D04 V1W8 Dublin, Ireland
- Department of Clinical Genomics, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Dorota Hoffman-Zacharska
- Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Mother and Child, 01-211 Warsaw, Poland;
- Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, 00-927 Warsaw, Poland;
- Correspondence: (D.H.-Z.); (W.S.); Tel.: +48-22-32-77313 (D.H.-Z.); +1-904-953-6129 (W.S.)
| | - Wolfdieter Springer
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA; (X.H.); (J.M.B.); (F.C.F.); (L.T.C.); (A.I.S.-B.); (R.L.W.); (A.H.F.); (P.J.M.); (O.A.R.)
- Neuroscience PhD Program, Mayo Graduate School, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
- Correspondence: (D.H.-Z.); (W.S.); Tel.: +48-22-32-77313 (D.H.-Z.); +1-904-953-6129 (W.S.)
| | - Zbigniew K. Wszolek
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA; (L.M.M.); (A.J.S.); (J.D.); (R.U.); (Z.K.W.)
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA; (X.H.); (J.M.B.); (F.C.F.); (L.T.C.); (A.I.S.-B.); (R.L.W.); (A.H.F.); (P.J.M.); (O.A.R.)
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Siuda
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice.
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Grażyńska A, Adamczewska K, Antoniuk S, Bień M, Toś M, Kufel J, Urbaś W, Siuda J. The Influence of Serum Uric Acid Level on Non-Motor Symptoms Occurrence and Severity in Patients with Idiopathic Parkinson's Disease and Atypical Parkinsonisms-A Systematic Review. Medicina (Kaunas) 2021; 57:medicina57090972. [PMID: 34577895 PMCID: PMC8468188 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57090972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: A growing number of studies correlated higher levels of serum uric acid (UA) with both: lower risk of Parkinson’s Disease (PD) occurrence and slower progression of the disease. Similar conclusions were made where studies correlated UA with atypical Parkinsonisms (AP) progression. A few researchers have studied the issue of the influence of serum UA on the occurrence of non-motor symptoms (NMS) in PD and AP. Our systematic review is the first review completely dedicated to this matter. Materials and Methods: A comprehensive evaluation of the literature was performed to review the relationship between UA and NMS in PD and AP. The systematic review was conducted according to PRISMA Statement guidelines. The following databases were searched starting in April 2021: MEDLINE via PubMed, Embase, and Scopus. During the research, the following filters were used: >2010, articles in English, concerning humans. The study was not registered and received no external funding. Results: Seven articles meeting all inclusion criteria were included in this study. Collectively, data on 1104 patients were analyzed. A correlation between serum UA concentration and a few NMS types has been provided by the analyzed studies. In four papers, sleep disorders and fatigue were related to UA for both advanced and early PD. Other commonly appearing NMS domains were Attention/memory (4 studies), Depression/anxiety (3 studies), Cardiovascular (3 studies), Gastrointestinal (1 study), Perceptual (1 study), and Miscellaneous (1 study). For AP, no significant correlation between UA and worsening of NMS has been found. Conclusions: Based on the analyzed studies, a correlation between serum UA level and the occurrence and worsening of NMS in PD and APs cannot be definitively determined. Large-scale studies with a more diverse patient population and with more accurate methods of NMS assessment in Parkinsonism are needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Grażyńska
- Students’ Scientific Association, Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland; (A.G.); (K.A.); (S.A.); (M.B.)
| | - Klaudia Adamczewska
- Students’ Scientific Association, Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland; (A.G.); (K.A.); (S.A.); (M.B.)
| | - Sofija Antoniuk
- Students’ Scientific Association, Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland; (A.G.); (K.A.); (S.A.); (M.B.)
| | - Martyna Bień
- Students’ Scientific Association, Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland; (A.G.); (K.A.); (S.A.); (M.B.)
| | - Mateusz Toś
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Jakub Kufel
- Department of Biophysics, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia in Zabrze, 41-800 Zabrze, Poland;
| | - Weronika Urbaś
- Department of Neurology, St. Barbara Provincial Specialist Hospital No. 5, 41-200 Sosnowiec, Poland;
| | - Joanna Siuda
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40-752 Katowice, Poland;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-32-789-46-01 or +48-501-252-691; Fax: +48-32-789-45-55
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18
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Bednarz K, Siuda J. Alzheimer's Disease and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: similarities in pathomechanisms lead to therapeutic opportunities. Neurol Neurochir Pol 2021; 55:418-428. [PMID: 34355790 DOI: 10.5603/pjnns.a2021.0056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus is a metabolic disease the development of which depends on both environmental and genetic factors. The rapid increase in the number of cases observed in recent decades has been associated with the lifestyle predominant in the West, characterised by a high-calorie diet rich in carbohydrates and saturated fatty acids as well as little physical activity and chronic stress. Another disease with growing morbidity is Alzheimer's Disease, a neurodegenerative disorder characterised by progressive dementia. STATE OF THE ART The results of numerous studies indicate many similarities between these two diseases in terms of their pathomechanisms, especially changes in the activity of enzymatic pathways, accumulation of peptides with altered structure, and chronic inflammation. Amyloid β, hyperphosphorylated tau protein, amylin, and apolipoprotein J are involved in both pathologies. The reasons for their excessive accumulation are not fully understood, but cellular metabolism disorders associated with insulin resistance and diabetes mellitus may play a key role in this process. It is highly probable that the changes observed at cellular level, which translate into the clinical state of patients, are caused by many abnormalities common to both diseases. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS The discovery of pathophysiological similarities has resulted in attempts to use antidiabetic drugs in Alzheimer's Disease therapy. While animal studies have revealed the potential benefits of oral antidiabetic drugs, studies on humans have not provided clear data regarding their effectiveness. Most clinical trial results are promising, but there have also been studies that have shown no significant, or even adverse, effects of these drugs on Alzheimer's Disease course. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Undoubtedly, further research is needed to better understand the mechanisms by which the medications used in diabetes treatment affect the nervous system, and further clinical trials to compare the effectiveness of this therapy in patients presenting different clinical conditions at different stages of Alzheimer's Disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Bednarz
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Joanna Siuda
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
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19
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Siuda J, Boczarska-Jedynak M, Budrewicz S, Dulski J, Figura M, Fiszer U, Gajos A, Gorzkowska A, Koziorowska-Gawron E, Koziorowski D, Krygowska-Wajs A, Rudzińska-Bar M, Sławek J, Toś M, Wójcik-Pędziwiatr M, Lin J, Luo S, Martinez-Martin P, Stebbins GT, Goetz CG, Opala G, Koszewicz M, Leńska-Mieciek M, Michałowska M, Piaścik-Gromada M, Potasz-Kulikowska K, Śmiłowski M, Wasilewska A, Opala G. Validation of the Polish version of the Unified Dyskinesia Rating Scale (UDysRS). Neurol Neurochir Pol 2021; 55:186-194. [PMID: 33528833 DOI: 10.5603/pjnns.a2021.0010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In 2008, the Movement Disorders Society published the Unified Dyskinesia Rating Scale (UDysRS). This has become the established tool for assessing the severity and disability associated with dyskinesia in patients with Parkinson's Disease (PD). We translated and validated the Polish version of the UDysRS, explored its dimensionality, and compared it to the Spanish version, which is the Reference Standard for UDysRS translations. MATERIAL AND METHODS The UDysRS was translated into Polish by a team led by JS and GO. The back-translation, completed by colleagues fluent in both Polish and English who were not involved in the original translation, was reviewed and approved by the Executive Committee of the MDS Rating Scales Programme. Then the translated version of the UDysRS underwent cognitive pretesting, and the translation was modified based on the results. The approved version was considered to be the Official Working Document of the Polish UDysRS and was tested on 250 Polish PD patients recruited at movement disorder centres. Data was compared to the Reference Standard used for validating UDysRS translations. RESULTS The overall factor structure of the Polish version was consistent with that of the Reference Standard version, as evidenced by the high Confirmatory Fit Index score (CFI = 0.98). The Polish UDysRS was thus confirmed to share a common factor structure with the Reference Standard. CONCLUSIONS The Official Polish UDysRS translation is recommended for use in clinical and research settings. Worldwide use of uniform rating measures offers a common ground to study similarities and differences in disease manifestations and progression across cultures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Siuda
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | | | | | - Jarosław Dulski
- Department of Neurological and Psychiatric Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland,Department of Neurology and Stroke, St. Adalbert Hospital, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Monika Figura
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Urszula Fiszer
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Orłowski Hospital, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agata Gajos
- Department of Extrapyramidal Diseases, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Gorzkowska
- Department of Neurorehabilitation, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | | | - Dariusz Koziorowski
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Krygowska-Wajs
- Department of Neurology, Jagiellonian University, Collegium Medicum, Krakow, Poland
| | - Monika Rudzińska-Bar
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Jarosław Sławek
- Department of Neurological and Psychiatric Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland,Department of Neurology and Stroke, St. Adalbert Hospital, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Mateusz Toś
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Magdalena Wójcik-Pędziwiatr
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Jeffrey Lin
- Department of Biostatistics, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, California, United States
| | - Sheng Luo
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, United States
| | - Pablo Martinez-Martin
- Centre for Networked Biomedical Research in Neurodegenerative Diseases (CIBERNED), Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Glenn T Stebbins
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Centre, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Christopher G Goetz
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Centre, Chicago, Illinois, United States
| | - Grzegorz Opala
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
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- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland,Department of Neurology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland,Department of Neurology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland,Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Orłowski Hospital, Warsaw, Poland,Department of Extrapyramidal Diseases, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland,Department of Neurology, Jagiellonian University, Collegium Medicum, Krakow, Poland,Department of Neurology, John Paul II Specialised Hospital, Krakow, Poland
| | | | - Marta Leńska-Mieciek
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Orłowski Hospital, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Michałowska
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Orłowski Hospital, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Piaścik-Gromada
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Orłowski Hospital, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Marek Śmiłowski
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Anna Wasilewska
- Department of Neurology, John Paul II Specialised Hospital, Krakow, Poland, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Opala
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
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Milanowski ŁM, Lindemann JA, Hoffman-Zacharska D, Soto-Beasley AI, Barcikowska M, Boczarska-Jedynak M, Deutschlander A, Kłodowska G, Dulski J, Fedoryshyn L, Friedman A, Jamrozik Z, Janik P, Karpinsky K, Koziorowski D, Krygowska-Wajs A, Jasińska-Myga B, Opala G, Potulska-Chromik A, Pulyk A, Rektorova I, Sanotsky Y, Siuda J, Sławek J, Śmiłowska K, Szczechowski L, Rudzińska-Bar M, Walton RL, Ross OA, Wszolek ZK. Frequency of mutations in PRKN, PINK1, and DJ1 in Patients With Early-Onset Parkinson Disease from neighboring countries in Central Europe. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2021; 86:48-51. [PMID: 33845304 PMCID: PMC8192481 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2021.03.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Approximately 10% of patients with Parkinson disease (PD) present with early-onset disease (EOPD), defined as diagnosis before 50 years of age. Genetic factors are known to contribute to EOPD, with most commonly observed mutations in PRKN, PINK1, and DJ1 genes. The aim of our study was to analyze the frequency of PRKN, PINK1, and DJ1 mutations in an EOPD series from 4 neighboring European countries: Czech Republic, Germany, Poland, and Ukraine. METHODS Diagnosis of PD was made based on UK Brain Bank diagnostic criteria in departments experienced in movement disorders (1 from Czech Republic, 1 from Germany, 9 from Poland, and 3 from Ukraine). EOPD was defined as onset at or before 50 years of age. Of the 541 patients recruited to the study, 11 were Czech, 38 German, 476 Polish, and 16 Ukrainian. All cohorts were fully screened with Sanger sequencing for PRKN, PINK1, and DJ1 and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification for exon dosage. RESULTS PRKN homozygous or double heterozygous mutations were identified in 17 patients: 1 Czech (9.1%), 1 German (2.6%), 14 Polish (2.9%), and 1 Ukrainian (6.3%). PINK1 homozygous mutations were only identified in 3 Polish patients (0.6%). There were no homozygous or compound heterozygous DJ1 mutations in analyzed subpopulations. One novel variant in PRKN was identified in the Ukrainian series. CONCLUSION In the analyzed cohorts, mutations in the genes PRKN, PINK1, and DJ1 are not frequently observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Łukasz M Milanowski
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA; Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA; Department of Neurology, Faculty of Health Science, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | | | - Maria Barcikowska
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Mossakowski Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Science, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | | | | | - Jarosław Dulski
- Department of Neurology, St. Adalbert Hospital, Copernicus PL Ltd, Gdańsk, Poland; Department of Neurological and Psychiatric Nursing, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | | | - Andrzej Friedman
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Health Science, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Zygmunt Jamrozik
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Piotr Janik
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Katherine Karpinsky
- Uzhhorod Regional Clinical Centre of Neurosurgery and Neurology, Uzhhorod, Ukraine
| | - Dariusz Koziorowski
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Health Science, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Krygowska-Wajs
- Department of Neurology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | | | - Grzegorz Opala
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | | | | | - Irena Rektorova
- Applied Neuroscience Research Group, Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | | | - Joanna Siuda
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Jarosław Sławek
- Department of Neurology, St. Adalbert Hospital, Copernicus PL Ltd, Gdańsk, Poland; Department of Neurological and Psychiatric Nursing, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gdańsk, Poland
| | | | | | - Monika Rudzińska-Bar
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Kraków University, Kraków, Poland
| | - Ronald L Walton
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Owen A Ross
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
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21
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Malkiewicz JJ, Malkiewicz M, Siuda J. Prevalence of QTc Prolongation in Patients with Parkinson's Disease. Assessment of the Effects of Drugs, Clinical Risk Factors and Used Correction Formula. J Clin Med 2021; 10:1396. [PMID: 33807236 PMCID: PMC8037693 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10071396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease (PD) is a possible risk factor for corrected QT interval (QTc) prolongation. PD patients frequently take QTc-prolonging drugs. The aim of the study was to assess the prevalence of QTc prolongation in PD and the influence of drugs and other potential risk factors on the QTc length in PD. METHODS 101 patients with PD and a good quality ECG were included in the study. The prolonged QTc was defined as ≥450 ms for men and ≥460 ms for women. Bazett's (QTcB) and Framingham (QTcF) formulas were utilized to calculate QTc. Data about sex, age, PD duration, disease's severity, comorbidities and QTc-prolonging drugs were collected. Multiple linear regressions with backward elimination were used to assess factors influencing the QTc. RESULTS A long QTc was presented in 13 patients (12.9%) for QTcB and 4 patients (4%) for QTcF. Longer QTc in PD patients was associated with older age, male sex and QTc-prolonging drugs regardless of the used formula. The QTcB was also significantly affected by the heart rate (HR). CONCLUSION QTc prolongation is common in PD. Age, drugs and male gender are potential risk factors for QTc prolongation in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jakub J. Malkiewicz
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, University Clinical Center Prof. K. Gibiński, 14 Medyków Street, 40-752 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Maciej Malkiewicz
- Department of Gastroenterology with Subdivision of Internal Medicine, John Paul II Memorial Beskid Center of Oncology—Municipal Hospital in Bielsko Biala, 21 Stanisława Wyspiańskiego Street, 43-300 Bielsko-Biała, Poland;
| | - Joanna Siuda
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, University Clinical Center Prof. K. Gibiński, 14 Medyków Street, 40-752 Katowice, Poland;
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22
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Siuda J, Boczarska-Jedynak M, Budrewicz S, Dulski J, Figura M, Fiszer U, Gajos A, Gorzkowska A, Koziorowska-Gawron E, Koziorowski D, Krygowska-Wajs A, Rudzińska-Bar M, Sławek J, Ren X, Luo S, Martinez-Martin P, Stebbins G, Goetz CG, Opala G, Janik P, Koszewicz M, Leńska-Mieciek M, Michałowska M, Piaścik-Gromada M, Potasz-Kulikowska K, Śmiłowski M, Wasielewska A, Wójcik-Pędziwiatr M. Validation of the Polish version of the Movement Disorder Society-Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS). Neurol Neurochir Pol 2020; 54:416-425. [PMID: 32639019 DOI: 10.5603/pjnns.a2020.0049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2020] [Revised: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In 2008, the Movement Disorders Society (MDS) published a new Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (MDS-UPDRS) as the official benchmark scale for Parkinson's Disease (PD). We have translated and validated the Polish version of the MDS-UPDRS, explored its dimensionality, and compared it to the original English one. METHODS The MDS-UPDRS was translated into Polish by a team of Polish investigators led by JS and GO. The back-translation was completed by colleagues fluent in both languages (Polish and English) who were not involved in the original translation, and was reviewed by members of the MDS Rating Scales Programme. Then the translated version of the MDS-UPDRS underwent cognitive pretesting, and the translation was modified based on the results. The final translation was approved as the Official Working Document of the MDS-UPDRS Polish version, and was tested on 355 Polish PD patients recruited at movement disorders centres all over Poland (at Katowice, Gdańsk, Łódź, Warsaw, Wrocław, and Kraków). Confirmatory and explanatory factor analyses were applied to determine whether the factor structure of the English version could be confirmed in the Polish version. RESULTS The Polish version of the MDS-UPDRS showed satisfactory clinimetric properties. The internal consistency of the Polish version was satisfactory. In the confirmatory factor analysis, all four parts had greater than 0.90 comparative fit index (CFI) compared to the original English MDS-UPDRS. Explanatory factor analysis suggested that the Polish version differed from the English version only within an acceptable range. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS The Polish version of the MDS-UPDRS meets the requirements to be designated as the Official Polish Version of the MDS-UPDRS, and is available on the MDS web page. We strongly recommend using the MDS-UPDRS instead of the UPDRS for research purposes and in everyday clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Siuda
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | | | | | - Jarosław Dulski
- Department of Neurological-Psychiatric Nursing, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland,Neurology and Stroke Department, St. Adalbert Hospital, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Monika Figura
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Urszula Fiszer
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Orłowski Hospital, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Agata Gajos
- Department of Extrapyramidal Diseases, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Gorzkowska
- Department of Neurorehabilitation, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | | | - Dariusz Koziorowski
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Krygowska-Wajs
- Department of Neurology, Jagiellonian University, Collegium Medicum, Krakow, Poland
| | - Monika Rudzińska-Bar
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Jarosław Sławek
- Department of Neurological-Psychiatric Nursing, Medical University of Gdansk, Gdansk, Poland,Neurology and Stroke Department, St. Adalbert Hospital, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Xuehan Ren
- Department of Biostatistics, Gilead Sciences, Inc., Foster City, California, USA
| | - Sheng Luo
- Department of Biostatistics & Bioinformatics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Pablo Martinez-Martin
- National Centre of Epidemiology and CIBERNED, Carlos III Institute of Health, Madrid, Spain
| | - Glenn Stebbins
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Centre, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Christopher G Goetz
- Department of Neurological Sciences, Rush University Medical Centre, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Grzegorz Opala
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | -
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland,Department of Neurology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland,Department of Neurology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland,Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Orłowski Hospital, Warsaw, Poland,Department of Extrapyramidal Diseases, Medical University of Łódź, Łódź, Poland,Department of Neurology, Jagiellonian University, Collegium Medicum, Krakow, Poland,Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University, Krakow, Poland,Department of Neurology, The John Paul II Specialist Hospital in Kraków, Poland
| | - Piotr Janik
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Marta Leńska-Mieciek
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Orłowski Hospital, Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Michałowska
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Orłowski Hospital, Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Marta Piaścik-Gromada
- Department of Neurology and Epileptology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Orłowski Hospital, Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland
| | | | - Marek Śmiłowski
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia,, Medyków 14, 40-752 Katowice, Poland
| | - Anna Wasielewska
- Department of Neurology , The John Paul II Specialized Hospital in Kraków, Kraków, Poland
| | - Magdalena Wójcik-Pędziwiatr
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University, Cracow, Poland
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23
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Watzlawik JO, Hou X, Fricova D, Ramnarine C, Barodia SK, Gendron TF, Heckman MG, DeTure M, Siuda J, Wszolek ZK, Scherzer CR, Ross OA, Bu G, Dickson DW, Goldberg MS, Fiesel FC, Springer W. Sensitive ELISA-based detection method for the mitophagy marker p-S65-Ub in human cells, autopsy brain, and blood samples. Autophagy 2020; 17:2613-2628. [PMID: 33112198 PMCID: PMC8496550 DOI: 10.1080/15548627.2020.1834712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction is an early, imminent event in neurodegenerative disorders including Parkinson disease (PD) and Alzheimer disease (AD). The enzymatic pair PINK1 and PRKN/Parkin recognize and transiently label damaged mitochondria with ubiquitin (Ub) phosphorylated at Ser65 (p-S65-Ub) as a signal for degradation via the autophagy-lysosome system (mitophagy). Despite its discovery in cell culture several years ago, robust and quantitative detection of altered mitophagy in vivo has remained challenging. Here we developed a sandwich ELISA targeting p-S65-Ub with the goal to assess mitophagy levels in mouse brain and in human clinical and pathological samples. We characterized five total Ub and four p-S65-Ub antibodies by several techniques and found significant differences in their ability to recognize phosphorylated Ub. The most sensitive antibody pair detected recombinant p-S65-Ub chains in the femtomolar to low picomolar range depending on the poly-Ub chain linkage. Importantly, this ELISA was able to assess very low baseline mitophagy levels in unstressed human cells and in brains from wild-type and prkn knockout mice as well as elevated p-S65-Ub levels in autopsied frontal cortex from AD patients vs. control cases. Moreover, the assay allowed detection of p-S65-Ub in blood plasma and was able to discriminate between PINK1 mutation carriers and controls. In summary, we developed a robust and sensitive tool to measure mitophagy levels in cells, tissue, and body fluids. Our data strongly support the idea that the stress-activated PINK1-PRKN mitophagy pathway is constitutively active in mice and humans under unstimulated, physiological and elevated in diseased, pathological conditions.Abbreviations: Ab: antibody; AD: Alzheimer disease; AP: alkaline phosphatase; CV: coefficient of variation; ECL: electrochemiluminescence; KO: knockout; LoB: Limit of Blank; LoD: Limit of Detection; LoQ: Limit of Quantification; MSD: meso scale discovery; PD: Parkinson disease; p-S65-PRKN: phosphorylated PRKN at serine 65; p-S65-Ub: phosphorylated ubiquitin at serine 65; Std.Dev.: standard deviation; Ub: ubiquitin; WT: wild type.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xu Hou
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | - Chloe Ramnarine
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Sandeep K Barodia
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Tania F Gendron
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.,Neuroscience PhD Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Michael G Heckman
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Michael DeTure
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Joanna Siuda
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | | | - Clemens R Scherzer
- Center for Advanced Parkinson Research, Harvard Medical School, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Owen A Ross
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.,Neuroscience PhD Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Guojun Bu
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.,Neuroscience PhD Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Dennis W Dickson
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.,Neuroscience PhD Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Matthew S Goldberg
- Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.,Department of Neurology, Department of Neurobiology, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Fabienne C Fiesel
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.,Neuroscience PhD Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Wolfdieter Springer
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.,Neuroscience PhD Program, Mayo Clinic Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Jacksonville, FL, USA
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24
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Malkiewicz J, Malkiewicz M, Siuda J. An analysis of QTc prolongation and associated factors in Parkinson's disease patients. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2020.06.171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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25
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Doręgowska M, Toś M, Malkiewicz J, Siuda J, Rudzińska-Bar M. Evaluation of sleep disturbance in different motor phenotypes of Parkinson's disease. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2020.06.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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26
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Kawalerczyk J, Dziurka D, Mirski R, Siuda J. The reduction of adhesive application in plywood manufacturing by using nanocellulose‐reinforced urea‐formaldehyde resin. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.49834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jakub Kawalerczyk
- Department of Wood‐Based Materials Poznań University of Life Sciences Poznań Poland
| | - Dorota Dziurka
- Department of Wood‐Based Materials Poznań University of Life Sciences Poznań Poland
| | - Radosław Mirski
- Department of Wood‐Based Materials Poznań University of Life Sciences Poznań Poland
| | - Joanna Siuda
- Department of Wood‐Based Materials Poznań University of Life Sciences Poznań Poland
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27
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Grażyńska A, Urbaś W, Antoniuk S, Adamczewska K, Bień M, Chmiela T, Siuda J. Comparative analysis of non-motor symptoms in patients with Parkinson's Disease and atypical parkinsonisms. Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2020; 197:106088. [PMID: 32683195 DOI: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2020.106088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 07/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES After being diagnosed with idiopathic Parkinson's Disease (IPD) or Atypical Parkinsonism (AP) patients often tend to present non-motor symptoms (NMS). The aim of the study was to explore the differences between occurrence of non-motor symptoms presented by patients with IPD and AP, including sleep, autonomic, psychotic and affective disorders. MATERIALS AND METHOD The study included 219 patients (184 with IPD, and 35 with AP) hospitalized between 2016 and 2019 in the Department of Neurology of the Medical University of Silesia. Non-motor symptoms were evaluated using patients' medical chart reviews and NMS questionnaire. The clinical advancement of the disease was assessed using UPDRS part III, and modified Hoehn-Yahr scale (HY). RESULTS There were no statistically significant differences between both IPD and AP groups within the parameters of sex, age, HY and UPDRS III OFF scales. Non-motor symptoms were presented significantly often (p = 0.003) in AP patients (n = 32, 91.4 %), then in patients with IPD (n = 122, 66.3 %). Sleep disorders were significantly more prevalent in patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (n = 92, 50 %) than in patients with atypical parkinsonism (n = 8, 22.86 %, p = 0.0031). However, autonomic and psychotic disorders didn't show statistically significant differences in both groups. CONCLUSION Non-motor symptoms are frequent in both IPD and AP which makes them an integral part of both diseases. Patients with AP are more likely to present non-motor symptoms in general, but rarely they complain of sleep disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Grażyńska
- Students' Scientific Association, Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - W Urbaś
- Students' Scientific Association, Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - S Antoniuk
- Students' Scientific Association, Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - K Adamczewska
- Students' Scientific Association, Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - M Bień
- Students' Scientific Association, Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - T Chmiela
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - J Siuda
- Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland.
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28
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Knapik A, Krzystanek E, Szefler–Derela J, Siuda J, Rottermund J, Plinta R, Brzęk A. Affective Disorder and Functional Status as well as Selected Sociodemographic Characteristics in Patients with Multiple Sclerosis, Parkinson's Disease and History of Stroke. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 56:medicina56030117. [PMID: 32156038 PMCID: PMC7142413 DOI: 10.3390/medicina56030117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Revised: 02/21/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The main arguments in support of researching anxiety and depression in patients with chronic somatic diseases are the prevalence of affective disorders in the population, somatic conditions as risk factors of affective disorders and the search for effective preventative and therapeutic strategies. The aim of the study was to determine the association between the functional status, selected sociodemographic characteristics and prevalence as well as severity of anxiety and depression in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), Parkinson's disease (PD) and history of stroke (S). Material and methods: Eighty participants (44 women and 36 men) with MS (n = 22), PD (n = 31) and history of stroke (n = 27) were enrolled. All participants completed a questionnaire consisting of metrics, the Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). Results: Fifty-five per cent of all participants did not present with anxiety or depression, 20% scored above the diagnostic threshold on the anxiety scale and 26% scored above the diagnostic threshold on the depression scale. Subgroup analysis revealed that anxiety and depression sufferers were 13.64% and 13.64% of MS patients, respectively; 22.58% and 35.48% of PD patients, respectively; and 22.22% and 25.93% of stroke survivors, respectively. There was a significant correlation between depression and independence level in the entire group and between depression and marital status in stroke survivors. Conclusions: Although depression and anxiety are highly prevalent in patients with neurological conditions, the disorder has a very individual nature and is not associated with the patient's age, duration of a condition or concomitant diseases. Screening for depression and anxiety as a part of comprehensive approach may increase treatment efficacy in neurological patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrzej Knapik
- Department of Adapted Physical Activity and Sport, Chair of Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40–055 Katowice, Poland (R.P.)
| | - Ewa Krzystanek
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40–055 Katowice, Poland; (E.K.); (J.S.)
| | - Justyna Szefler–Derela
- Department of Physiotherapy, Chair of Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40–055 Katowice, Poland;
| | - Joanna Siuda
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40–055 Katowice, Poland; (E.K.); (J.S.)
| | - Jerzy Rottermund
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences, University of Dąbrowa Górnicza, 41–300 Dąbrowa Górnicza, Poland
| | - Ryszard Plinta
- Department of Adapted Physical Activity and Sport, Chair of Physiotherapy, School of Health Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40–055 Katowice, Poland (R.P.)
| | - Anna Brzęk
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, 40–055 Katowice, Poland; (E.K.); (J.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-32-2088712
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29
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Siuda J, Perdoch W, Mazela B, Zborowska M. Catalyzed Reaction of Cellulose and Lignin with Methyltrimethoxysilane-FT-IR, 13C NMR and 29Si NMR Studies. Materials (Basel) 2019; 12:ma12122006. [PMID: 31234564 PMCID: PMC6631634 DOI: 10.3390/ma12122006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2019] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
It can be found that reaction mechanisms and interactions between wood and organosilicone compounds have not been sufficiently explored. The aim of the study was to determine bonds formed between either cellulose or lignin and methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMOS) during a catalytic silanization reaction. Silanization was performed in the presence of two catalysts of a diverse mechanism of functionalization: aluminum acetylacetonate (Al(acac)3) and acetic acid (AcOH). For this purpose, FT-IR, 13C and 29Si NMR techniques were used. Cellulose silanization efficiency without a catalyst was unlikely. Lignin undergoes a silanization reaction with alkoxysilanes much easier than cellulose. The results showed new bonds between biopolymers and the silanising agent. The new bonds were confirmed by signals at the FT-IR spectra, e.g., 770 cm−1 and 1270 cm−1 (Si–CH3), and at the NMR signal coming from the T1, T2 and T3 structures. Efficiency of reaction was confirmed by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Siuda
- Institute of Wood Chemical Technology, Faculty of Wood Technology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Waldemar Perdoch
- Institute of Wood Chemical Technology, Faculty of Wood Technology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Bartłomiej Mazela
- Institute of Wood Chemical Technology, Faculty of Wood Technology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Zborowska
- Institute of Wood Chemical Technology, Faculty of Wood Technology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 28, 60-637 Poznań, Poland.
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30
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Puschmann A, Fiesel FC, Caulfield TR, Hudec R, Ando M, Truban D, Hou X, Ogaki K, Heckman MG, James ED, Swanberg M, Jimenez-Ferrer I, Hansson O, Opala G, Siuda J, Boczarska-Jedynak M, Friedman A, Koziorowski D, Rudzinska-Bar M, Aasly JO, Lynch T, Mellick GD, Mohan M, Silburn PA, Sanotsky Y, Vilariño-Güell C, Farrer MJ, Chen L, Dawson VL, Dawson TM, Wszolek ZK, Ross OA, Springer W. Reply: Heterozygous PINK1 p.G411S in rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder. Brain 2019; 140:e33. [PMID: 28379295 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awx077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Puschmann
- Lund University, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Neurology, Sweden.,Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Sweden
| | - Fabienne C Fiesel
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | | | - Roman Hudec
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Maya Ando
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Dominika Truban
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Xu Hou
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Kotaro Ogaki
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Michael G Heckman
- Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Elle D James
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Maria Swanberg
- Lund University, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Oskar Hansson
- Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Sweden.,Memory Clinic, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Grzegorz Opala
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Joanna Siuda
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | | | | | | | - Monika Rudzinska-Bar
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Jan O Aasly
- Department of Neurology, St. Olav's Hospital, and Department of Neuroscience, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Timothy Lynch
- Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - George D Mellick
- Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia
| | - Megha Mohan
- Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia
| | - Peter A Silburn
- Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia.,University of Queensland, Asia-Pacific Centre for Neuromodulation, Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Carles Vilariño-Güell
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA.,Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Matthew J Farrer
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA.,Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Li Chen
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Solomon H Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70130-2685, USA
| | - Valina L Dawson
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Solomon H Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70130-2685, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Ted M Dawson
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Solomon H Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70130-2685, USA.,Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | | | - Owen A Ross
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA.,School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,Mayo Graduate School, Neurobiology of Disease, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Wolfdieter Springer
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA.,Mayo Graduate School, Neurobiology of Disease, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
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31
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Czechowicz B, Siuda J, Bednar M, Nowakowska I, Rudzińska-Bar M. Assessment of the correlation between gait and balance disorders, and the severity of motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease, depression and cognitive impairment. Med Rehabil 2016. [DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0009.4806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Postural instability in patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) is one of the major factors contributing to an increasing
number of falls and fall related complications. Diagnosis of balance disorder is based on assessment of postural control
by the biomechanical assessment of the musculoskeletal system, coordinating speed and precision of movements. The condition
for the performance of precise and smooth movement is coordination of motor activity and sensory signals fl owing to
the motor system.
Study aim: The aim of the study is to assess the impact of non-motor symptoms (depression and cognitive impairment) and the
impact of the severity of motor symptoms on the process of course of movement planning and control in Parkinson’s disease.
Material and methods: The study involved 40 patients with idiopathic Parkinson’s disease, diagnosed according to the criteria
adopted by the United Kingdom Parkinson’s Disease Society Brain Bank (UKPDSBB), with stage II or III severity of symptoms
of the disease according to the Hoehn-Yahr sclae. All the patients underwent physical examination with an evaluation
using the UPDRS (Unifi ed Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale) and screening clinical trials were performed, evaluating cognitive
functions (Montreal Cognitive Assessment, MoCA) and depressive disorders (Beck Depression Inventory, BDI). Evaluation of
mobility, stability and motor control was done using the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), the Tinetti test, the Up and Go test (TUG)
and the Dynamic Gait Index (DGI).
Results: There was a signifi cant correlation between the level of severity of movement disorders (according to UPRDS ON
part III) and the parameters defi ning motor skills in the DGI (R= -0.49, p<0.001), the TUG test evaluating mobility (R=0.4,
p<0.01), and static and dynamic balance disorder using BBS (R=-0.44, p<0.004). The level of cognitive functioning had signifi
cant impact on the mobility and stability of patients, and the occurrence of depressive disorder did not affect the deterioration
of basic postural reactions in the group of patients with PD.
Cite this article as: Czechowicz B., Siuda J., Bednar M., Nowakowska I., Rudzińska-Bar M. Assessment of the correlation between gait and balance disorders, and the severity of motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease, depression and cognitive impairment. Med Rehabil 2016; 20(2): 13-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bartłomiej Czechowicz
- Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland Central University Hospital Department of Neurology
| | - Joanna Siuda
- Medical University of Silesia, Katowice School of Medicine in Katowice Department of Neurology,
| | - Magdalena Bednar
- Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland Central University Hospital Department of Neurology
| | - Iwona Nowakowska
- School of Health Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice Department of Balneoclimatology and Biological Regeneration
| | - Monika Rudzińska-Bar
- Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland Central University Hospital Department of Neurology
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32
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Carrasquillo MM, Allen M, Burgess JD, Wang X, Strickland SL, Aryal S, Siuda J, Kachadoorian ML, Medway C, Younkin CS, Nair A, Wang C, Chanana P, Serie D, Nguyen T, Lincoln S, Malphrus KG, Morgan K, Golde TE, Price ND, White CC, De Jager PL, Bennett DA, Asmann YW, Crook JE, Petersen RC, Graff-Radford NR, Dickson DW, Younkin SG, Ertekin-Taner N. A candidate regulatory variant at the TREM gene cluster associates with decreased Alzheimer's disease risk and increased TREML1 and TREM2 brain gene expression. Alzheimers Dement 2016; 13:663-673. [PMID: 27939925 DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2016.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2016] [Revised: 10/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/23/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION We hypothesized that common Alzheimer's disease (AD)-associated variants within the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid (TREM) gene cluster influence disease through gene expression. METHODS Expression microarrays on temporal cortex and cerebellum from ∼400 neuropathologically diagnosed subjects and two independent RNAseq replication cohorts were used for expression quantitative trait locus analysis. RESULTS A variant within a DNase hypersensitive site 5' of TREM2, rs9357347-C, associates with reduced AD risk and increased TREML1 and TREM2 levels (uncorrected P = 6.3 × 10-3 and 4.6 × 10-2, respectively). Meta-analysis on expression quantitative trait locus results from three independent data sets (n = 1006) confirmed these associations (uncorrected P = 3.4 × 10-2 and 3.5 × 10-3, Bonferroni-corrected P = 6.7 × 10-2 and 7.1 × 10-3, respectively). DISCUSSION Our findings point to rs9357347 as a functional regulatory variant that contributes to a protective effect observed at the TREM locus in the International Genomics of Alzheimer's Project genome-wide association study meta-analysis and suggest concomitant increase in TREML1 and TREM2 brain levels as a potential mechanism for protection from AD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mariet Allen
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Jeremy D Burgess
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | - Shivani Aryal
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Joanna Siuda
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | - Christopher Medway
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA; Human Genetics Group, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Curtis S Younkin
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Asha Nair
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Pritha Chanana
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic Rochester, MN, USA
| | - Daniel Serie
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Thuy Nguyen
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Sarah Lincoln
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | - Kevin Morgan
- Human Genetics Group, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Todd E Golde
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | | | - Charles C White
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Philip L De Jager
- Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Diseases, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - David A Bennett
- Rush Alzheimer's Disease Center, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Yan W Asmann
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Julia E Crook
- Department of Health Sciences Research, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | | | - Dennis W Dickson
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Steven G Younkin
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Nilüfer Ertekin-Taner
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA; Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic Florida, Jacksonville, FL, USA.
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33
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Puschmann A, Fiesel FC, Caulfield TR, Hudec R, Ando M, Truban D, Hou X, Ogaki K, Heckman MG, James ED, Swanberg M, Jimenez-Ferrer I, Hansson O, Opala G, Siuda J, Boczarska-Jedynak M, Friedman A, Koziorowski D, Rudzińska-Bar M, Aasly JO, Lynch T, Mellick GD, Mohan M, Silburn PA, Sanotsky Y, Vilariño-Güell C, Farrer MJ, Chen L, Dawson VL, Dawson TM, Wszolek ZK, Ross OA, Springer W. Heterozygous PINK1 p.G411S increases risk of Parkinson's disease via a dominant-negative mechanism. Brain 2016; 140:98-117. [PMID: 27807026 PMCID: PMC5379862 DOI: 10.1093/brain/aww261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Revised: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 09/02/2016] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
See Gandhi and Plun-Favreau (doi:10.1093/aww320) for a scientific commentary on this article. Heterozygous mutations in recessive Parkinson’s disease genes have been postulated to increase disease risk. Puschmann et al. report a genetic association between heterozygous PINK1 p.G411S and Parkinson’s disease. They provide structural and functional explanations for a partial dominant-negative effect of the mutant protein, which impairs wild-type PINK1 activity through hetero-dimerization. See Gandhi and Plun-Favreau (doi:10.1093/aww320) for a scientific commentary on this article. It has been postulated that heterozygous mutations in recessive Parkinson’s genes may increase the risk of developing the disease. In particular, the PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) p.G411S (c.1231G>A, rs45478900) mutation has been reported in families with dominant inheritance patterns of Parkinson’s disease, suggesting that it might confer a sizeable disease risk when present on only one allele. We examined families with PINK1 p.G411S and conducted a genetic association study with 2560 patients with Parkinson’s disease and 2145 control subjects. Heterozygous PINK1 p.G411S mutations markedly increased Parkinson’s disease risk (odds ratio = 2.92, P = 0.032); significance remained when supplementing with results from previous studies on 4437 additional subjects (odds ratio = 2.89, P = 0.027). We analysed primary human skin fibroblasts and induced neurons from heterozygous PINK1 p.G411S carriers compared to PINK1 p.Q456X heterozygotes and PINK1 wild-type controls under endogenous conditions. While cells from PINK1 p.Q456X heterozygotes showed reduced levels of PINK1 protein and decreased initial kinase activity upon mitochondrial damage, stress-response was largely unaffected over time, as expected for a recessive loss-of-function mutation. By contrast, PINK1 p.G411S heterozygotes showed no decrease of PINK1 protein levels but a sustained, significant reduction in kinase activity. Molecular modelling and dynamics simulations as well as multiple functional assays revealed that the p.G411S mutation interferes with ubiquitin phosphorylation by wild-type PINK1 in a heterodimeric complex. This impairs the protective functions of the PINK1/parkin-mediated mitochondrial quality control. Based on genetic and clinical evaluation as well as functional and structural characterization, we established p.G411S as a rare genetic risk factor with a relatively large effect size conferred by a partial dominant-negative function phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Puschmann
- 1 Lund University, Department of Clinical Sciences Lund, Neurology, Sweden .,2 Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Sweden.,3 Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Fabienne C Fiesel
- 3 Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | | | - Roman Hudec
- 3 Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Maya Ando
- 3 Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Dominika Truban
- 3 Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Xu Hou
- 3 Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Kotaro Ogaki
- 3 Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Michael G Heckman
- 4 Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Elle D James
- 3 Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Maria Swanberg
- 5 Lund University, Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Oskar Hansson
- 6 Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University, Sweden.,7 Memory Clinic, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Sweden
| | - Grzegorz Opala
- 8 Department of Neurology, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Joanna Siuda
- 8 Department of Neurology, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | | | | | | | | | - Jan O Aasly
- 10 Department of Neurology, St. Olav's Hospital, and Department of Neuroscience, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Timothy Lynch
- 11 Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - George D Mellick
- 12 Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia
| | - Megha Mohan
- 12 Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia
| | - Peter A Silburn
- 12 Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Nathan, Queensland, Australia.,13 University of Queensland, Asia-Pacific Centre for Neuromodulation, Centre for Clinical Research, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | | | - Carles Vilariño-Güell
- 3 Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA.,15 Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Matthew J Farrer
- 3 Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA.,15 Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Li Chen
- 16 Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,17 Solomon H Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,18 Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70130-2685, USA
| | - Valina L Dawson
- 16 Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,17 Solomon H Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,18 Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70130-2685, USA.,19 Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,20 Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Ted M Dawson
- 16 Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,17 Solomon H Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,18 Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70130-2685, USA.,19 Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.,21 Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | | | - Owen A Ross
- 3 Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA.,23 School of Medicine and Medical Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.,24 Mayo Graduate School, Neurobiology of Disease, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Wolfdieter Springer
- 3 Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA .,24 Mayo Graduate School, Neurobiology of Disease, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
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34
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Siuda J, Patalong-Ogiewa M, Żmuda W, Targosz-Gajniak M, Niewiadomska E, Matuszek I, Jędrzejowska-Szypułka H, Lewin-Kowalik J, Rudzińska-Bar M. Cognitive impairment and BDNF serum levels. Neurol Neurochir Pol 2016; 51:24-32. [PMID: 28341039 DOI: 10.1016/j.pjnns.2016.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/04/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS To investigate the alterations of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BNDF) serum levels in subjects with different intensity of cognitive impairment and different neurodegenerative processes. MATERIAL AND METHODS Serum BDNF levels were analyzed by ELISA kit in 378 subjects: 134 Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients, 115 amnestic mild cognitive impairment (MCI) patients, and 129 controls divided into two groups: neurodegenerative control group (ND), consisting of 49 Parkinson's disease patients without any cognitive complaints, and cognitively normal control group (CN), consisting of 80 subjects without any neurological disorders. RESULTS AD patients had significantly lower (p<0.001) BDNF serum levels compared to MCI, CN and ND controls. Age and education had significant influence on BDNF serum levels regardless the diagnosis or group assignment. We have found no influence of depression on BDNF serum levels either in our group as a whole, or in each group assessed separately. We found significant correlation between BDNF serum levels and cognitive impairments. After multiple comparisons between the groups, we found that, after adjustment for confounding factors (age, gender, education, depression, cognitive impairment), BDNF serum levels were the lowest in AD group (p=0.05). CONCLUSIONS Advanced age and low educational level are associated with decreased BDNF serum levels. Decreased BDNF serum levels correspond to the severity of cognitive impairment. There is no correlation between BDNF serum levels and depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Siuda
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland; Department of Neurology, Central University Hospital, Katowice, Poland.
| | | | - Weronika Żmuda
- Department of Neurology, Central University Hospital, Katowice, Poland
| | | | - Ewa Niewiadomska
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health in Bytom, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Iwona Matuszek
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | | | | | - Monika Rudzińska-Bar
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland; Department of Neurology, Central University Hospital, Katowice, Poland
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35
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Hill-Burns EM, Ross OA, Wissemann WT, Soto-Ortolaza AI, Zareparsi S, Siuda J, Lynch T, Wszolek ZK, Silburn PA, Mellick GD, Ritz B, Scherzer CR, Zabetian CP, Factor SA, Breheny PJ, Payami H. Identification of genetic modifiers of age-at-onset for familial Parkinson's disease. Hum Mol Genet 2016; 25:3849-3862. [PMID: 27402877 PMCID: PMC5216611 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddw206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Revised: 06/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is the most common cause of neurodegenerative movement disorder and the second most common cause of dementia. Genes are thought to have a stronger effect on age-at-onset of PD than on risk, yet there has been a phenomenal success in identifying risk loci but not age-at-onset modifiers. We conducted a genome-wide study for age-at-onset. We analysed familial and non-familial PD separately, per prior evidence for strong genetic effect on age-at-onset in familial PD. GWAS was conducted in 431 unrelated PD individuals with at least one affected relative (familial PD) and 1544 non-familial PD from the NeuroGenetics Research Consortium (NGRC); an additional 737 familial PD and 2363 non-familial PD were used for replication. In familial PD, two signals were detected and replicated robustly: one mapped to LHFPL2 on 5q14.1 (PNGRC = 3E-8, PReplication = 2E-5, PNGRC + Replication = 1E-11), the second mapped to TPM1 on 15q22.2 (PNGRC = 8E-9, PReplication = 2E-4, PNGRC + Replication = 9E-11). The variants that were associated with accelerated onset had low frequencies (<0.02). The LHFPL2 variant was associated with earlier onset by 12.33 [95% CI: 6.2; 18.45] years in NGRC, 8.03 [2.95; 13.11] years in replication, and 9.79 [5.88; 13.70] years in the combined data. The TPM1 variant was associated with earlier onset by 15.30 [8.10; 22.49] years in NGRC, 9.29 [1.79; 16.79] years in replication, and 12.42 [7.23; 17.61] years in the combined data. Neither LHFPL2 nor TPM1 was associated with age-at-onset in non-familial PD. LHFPL2 (function unknown) is overexpressed in brain tumours. TPM1 encodes a highly conserved protein that regulates muscle contraction, and is a tumour-suppressor gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erin M Hill-Burns
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Owen A Ross
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | | | - Sepideh Zareparsi
- Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, Oregon Health & Sciences University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Joanna Siuda
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Timothy Lynch
- Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Conway Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Peter A Silburn
- Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia
| | - George D Mellick
- Eskitis Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Queensland, Australia
| | - Beate Ritz
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health and Neurology, Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Clemens R Scherzer
- The Neurogenomics Laboratory, Harvard Medical School and Brigham & Women's Hospital, Cambridge, MA, USA
| | - Cyrus P Zabetian
- VA Puget Sound Health Care System and Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - Stewart A Factor
- Department of Neurology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | | | - Haydeh Payami
- Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, AL, USA .,Center for Genomic Medicine, HudsonAlpha Institute for Biotechnology, Huntsville, AL, USA
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36
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Carrasquillo MM, Allen M, Burgess JD, Strickland SL, Aryal S, Siuda J, Kachadoorian M, Medway C, Younkin CS, Nair A, Chanana P, Wang X, Serie D, Nguyen T, Lincoln S, Malphrus KG, Morgan K, Golde TE, Price ND, White C, Jager P, Bennett DA, Asmann YW, Crook JE, Dickson DW, Younkin SG, Ertekin-Taner N. O2‐10‐04: A Regulatory Variant at the
TREM
Gene Cluster Associates with Decreased Alzheimer’s Disease Risk and Increased
TREML1
and
TREM2
Brain Gene Expression. Alzheimers Dement 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2016.06.451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Christopher Medway
- Mayo Clinic JacksonvilleFL USA
- University of NottinghamNottingham United Kingdom
| | | | - Asha Nair
- Mayo Clinic Minnesota RochesterMN USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Kevin Morgan
- University of NottinghamNottingham United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Philip Jager
- Brigham and Women’s HospitalBostonMA USA
- Broad InstituteCambridgeMA USA
- Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA USA
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Lorenzo-Betancor O, Ogaki K, Soto-Ortolaza AI, Labbe C, Walton RL, Strongosky AJ, van Gerpen JA, Uitti RJ, McLean PJ, Springer W, Siuda J, Opala G, Krygowska-Wajs A, Barcikowska M, Czyzewski K, McCarthy A, Lynch T, Puschmann A, Rektorova I, Sanotsky Y, Vilariño-Güell C, Farrer MJ, Ferman TJ, Boeve BF, Petersen RC, Parisi JE, Graff-Radford NR, Dickson DW, Wszolek ZK, Ross OA. DNAJC13 p.Asn855Ser mutation screening in Parkinson's disease and pathologically confirmed Lewy body disease patients. Eur J Neurol 2016; 22:1323-5. [PMID: 26278106 DOI: 10.1111/ene.12770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Accepted: 04/06/2015] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recently, a novel mutation in exon 24 of DNAJC13 gene (p.Asn855Ser, rs387907571) has been reported to cause autosomal dominant Parkinson's disease (PD) in a multi-incident Mennonite family. METHODS In the present study the mutation containing exon of the DNAJC13 gene has been sequenced in a Caucasian series consisting of 1938 patients with clinical PD and 838 with pathologically diagnosed Lewy body disease (LBD). RESULTS Our sequence analysis did not identify any coding variants in exon 24 of DNAJC13. Two previously described variants in intron 23 (rs200204728 and rs2369796) were observed. CONCLUSION Our results indicate that the region surrounding the DNAJC13 p.Asn855Ser substitution is highly conserved and mutations in this exon are not a common cause of PD or LBD among Caucasian populations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - K Ogaki
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | - C Labbe
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - R L Walton
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - A J Strongosky
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - J A van Gerpen
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - R J Uitti
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - P J McLean
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - W Springer
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - J Siuda
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - G Opala
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - A Krygowska-Wajs
- Department of Neurology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - M Barcikowska
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - K Czyzewski
- Department of Neurology, Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland
| | - A McCarthy
- Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - T Lynch
- Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - A Puschmann
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Lund, Sweden.,Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Lund, Sweden
| | - I Rektorova
- School of Medicine, Central European Institute of Technology and First Department of Neurology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Y Sanotsky
- Lviv Regional Clinical Hospital, Lviv, Ukraine
| | - C Vilariño-Güell
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - M J Farrer
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - T J Ferman
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - B F Boeve
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - R C Petersen
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - J E Parisi
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | | | - D W Dickson
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA.,Department of Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Z K Wszolek
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - O A Ross
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
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38
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Konno T, Siuda J, Wszolek ZK. Genetics of Parkinson's disease: a review of SNCA and LRRK2. Wiad Lek 2016; 69:328-332. [PMID: 27486710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder that usually affects the elderly. Resting tremor, rigidity, bradykinesia, and postural instability are the main symptoms of PD. The loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra and Lewy bodies in remaining neurons are pathological characteristics of PD. To combat these symptoms, dopaminergic therapy can benefit PD patients; however, it is only symptomatic therapy. Although the pathogenesis of PD has yet to be elucidated, approximately 10% of PD patients have familial history of PD. Since the first discovery of a causative gene of PD, SNCA, in 1997, 18 other genes have been identified in familial PD. These discoveries make it possible to begin to understand the pathogenesis of PD and can lead to the development of curative therapies. Here, we describe the clinical and pathological features of PD caused by mutations in two major PD-associated genes, SNCA and LRRK2. Mutations in SNCA revealed the pathological association between α-synuclein and PD, while LRRK2 is the most common genetic cause of PD. The patients with LRRK2 mutations present with relatively typical PD phenotypes, but heterogeneous pathologies including α-synuclein, tau, and occasionaly transactive response DNA-binding protein 43.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Konno
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic Florida , 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, Florida , 32224, USA
| | - Joanna Siuda
- 2Department of Neurology, School of Medicine in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Zbigniew K Wszolek
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic Florida , 4500 San Pablo Road, Jacksonville, Florida , 32224, USA,
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Ogaki K, Koga S, Heckman MG, Fiesel FC, Ando M, Labbé C, Lorenzo-Betancor O, Moussaud-Lamodière EL, Soto-Ortolaza AI, Walton RL, Strongosky AJ, Uitti RJ, McCarthy A, Lynch T, Siuda J, Opala G, Rudzinska M, Krygowska-Wajs A, Barcikowska M, Czyzewski K, Puschmann A, Nishioka K, Funayama M, Hattori N, Parisi JE, Petersen RC, Graff-Radford NR, Boeve BF, Springer W, Wszolek ZK, Dickson DW, Ross OA. Mitochondrial targeting sequence variants of the CHCHD2 gene are a risk for Lewy body disorders. Neurology 2015; 85:2016-25. [PMID: 26561290 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000002170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the role of CHCHD2 variants in patients with Parkinson disease (PD) and Lewy body disease (LBD) in Caucasian populations. METHODS All exons of the CHCHD2 gene were sequenced in a US Caucasian patient-control series (878 PD, 610 LBD, and 717 controls). Subsequently, exons 1 and 2 were sequenced in an Irish series (355 PD and 365 controls) and a Polish series (394 PD and 350 controls). Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence studies were performed on pathologic LBD cases with rare CHCHD2 variants. RESULTS We identified 9 rare exonic variants of unknown significance. These variants were more frequent in the combined group of PD and LBD patients compared to controls (0.6% vs 0.1%, p = 0.013). In addition, the presence of any rare variant was more common in patients with LBD (2.5% vs 1.0%, p = 0.050) compared to controls. Eight of these 9 variants were located within the gene's mitochondrial targeting sequence. CONCLUSIONS Although the role of variants of the CHCHD2 gene in PD and LBD remains to be further elucidated, the rare variants in the mitochondrial targeting sequence may be a risk factor for Lewy body disorders, which may link CHCHD2 to other genetic forms of parkinsonism with mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kotaro Ogaki
- From the Department of Neuroscience (K.O., S.K., F.C.F., M.A., C.L., O.L.-B., E.L.M.-L., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., W.S., D.W.D., O.A.R.), the Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and the Department of Neurology (A.J.S., R.J.U., N.R.G.-R., Z.K.W.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; the Department of Neurology (K.O., M.A., K.N., M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; the Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway, and Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Ireland; the Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O., M.R.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; the Department of Neurology (A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; the Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; the Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; the Departments of Clinical Sciences and Neurology (A.P.), Lund University; the Department of Neurology (A.P.), Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; the Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Graduate School of Medicine (M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan; the Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.) and Neurology (R.C.P., B.F.B.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; the School of Medicine and Medical Science (O.A.R.), University College Dublin, Ireland; and Mayo Graduate School (O.A.R.), Neurobiology of Disease, Jacksonville, FL
| | - Shunsuke Koga
- From the Department of Neuroscience (K.O., S.K., F.C.F., M.A., C.L., O.L.-B., E.L.M.-L., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., W.S., D.W.D., O.A.R.), the Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and the Department of Neurology (A.J.S., R.J.U., N.R.G.-R., Z.K.W.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; the Department of Neurology (K.O., M.A., K.N., M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; the Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway, and Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Ireland; the Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O., M.R.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; the Department of Neurology (A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; the Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; the Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; the Departments of Clinical Sciences and Neurology (A.P.), Lund University; the Department of Neurology (A.P.), Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; the Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Graduate School of Medicine (M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan; the Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.) and Neurology (R.C.P., B.F.B.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; the School of Medicine and Medical Science (O.A.R.), University College Dublin, Ireland; and Mayo Graduate School (O.A.R.), Neurobiology of Disease, Jacksonville, FL
| | - Michael G Heckman
- From the Department of Neuroscience (K.O., S.K., F.C.F., M.A., C.L., O.L.-B., E.L.M.-L., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., W.S., D.W.D., O.A.R.), the Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and the Department of Neurology (A.J.S., R.J.U., N.R.G.-R., Z.K.W.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; the Department of Neurology (K.O., M.A., K.N., M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; the Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway, and Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Ireland; the Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O., M.R.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; the Department of Neurology (A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; the Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; the Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; the Departments of Clinical Sciences and Neurology (A.P.), Lund University; the Department of Neurology (A.P.), Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; the Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Graduate School of Medicine (M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan; the Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.) and Neurology (R.C.P., B.F.B.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; the School of Medicine and Medical Science (O.A.R.), University College Dublin, Ireland; and Mayo Graduate School (O.A.R.), Neurobiology of Disease, Jacksonville, FL
| | - Fabienne C Fiesel
- From the Department of Neuroscience (K.O., S.K., F.C.F., M.A., C.L., O.L.-B., E.L.M.-L., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., W.S., D.W.D., O.A.R.), the Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and the Department of Neurology (A.J.S., R.J.U., N.R.G.-R., Z.K.W.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; the Department of Neurology (K.O., M.A., K.N., M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; the Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway, and Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Ireland; the Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O., M.R.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; the Department of Neurology (A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; the Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; the Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; the Departments of Clinical Sciences and Neurology (A.P.), Lund University; the Department of Neurology (A.P.), Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; the Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Graduate School of Medicine (M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan; the Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.) and Neurology (R.C.P., B.F.B.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; the School of Medicine and Medical Science (O.A.R.), University College Dublin, Ireland; and Mayo Graduate School (O.A.R.), Neurobiology of Disease, Jacksonville, FL
| | - Maya Ando
- From the Department of Neuroscience (K.O., S.K., F.C.F., M.A., C.L., O.L.-B., E.L.M.-L., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., W.S., D.W.D., O.A.R.), the Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and the Department of Neurology (A.J.S., R.J.U., N.R.G.-R., Z.K.W.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; the Department of Neurology (K.O., M.A., K.N., M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; the Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway, and Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Ireland; the Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O., M.R.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; the Department of Neurology (A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; the Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; the Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; the Departments of Clinical Sciences and Neurology (A.P.), Lund University; the Department of Neurology (A.P.), Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; the Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Graduate School of Medicine (M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan; the Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.) and Neurology (R.C.P., B.F.B.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; the School of Medicine and Medical Science (O.A.R.), University College Dublin, Ireland; and Mayo Graduate School (O.A.R.), Neurobiology of Disease, Jacksonville, FL
| | - Catherine Labbé
- From the Department of Neuroscience (K.O., S.K., F.C.F., M.A., C.L., O.L.-B., E.L.M.-L., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., W.S., D.W.D., O.A.R.), the Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and the Department of Neurology (A.J.S., R.J.U., N.R.G.-R., Z.K.W.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; the Department of Neurology (K.O., M.A., K.N., M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; the Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway, and Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Ireland; the Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O., M.R.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; the Department of Neurology (A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; the Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; the Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; the Departments of Clinical Sciences and Neurology (A.P.), Lund University; the Department of Neurology (A.P.), Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; the Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Graduate School of Medicine (M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan; the Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.) and Neurology (R.C.P., B.F.B.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; the School of Medicine and Medical Science (O.A.R.), University College Dublin, Ireland; and Mayo Graduate School (O.A.R.), Neurobiology of Disease, Jacksonville, FL
| | - Oswaldo Lorenzo-Betancor
- From the Department of Neuroscience (K.O., S.K., F.C.F., M.A., C.L., O.L.-B., E.L.M.-L., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., W.S., D.W.D., O.A.R.), the Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and the Department of Neurology (A.J.S., R.J.U., N.R.G.-R., Z.K.W.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; the Department of Neurology (K.O., M.A., K.N., M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; the Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway, and Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Ireland; the Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O., M.R.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; the Department of Neurology (A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; the Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; the Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; the Departments of Clinical Sciences and Neurology (A.P.), Lund University; the Department of Neurology (A.P.), Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; the Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Graduate School of Medicine (M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan; the Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.) and Neurology (R.C.P., B.F.B.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; the School of Medicine and Medical Science (O.A.R.), University College Dublin, Ireland; and Mayo Graduate School (O.A.R.), Neurobiology of Disease, Jacksonville, FL
| | - Elisabeth L Moussaud-Lamodière
- From the Department of Neuroscience (K.O., S.K., F.C.F., M.A., C.L., O.L.-B., E.L.M.-L., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., W.S., D.W.D., O.A.R.), the Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and the Department of Neurology (A.J.S., R.J.U., N.R.G.-R., Z.K.W.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; the Department of Neurology (K.O., M.A., K.N., M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; the Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway, and Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Ireland; the Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O., M.R.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; the Department of Neurology (A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; the Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; the Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; the Departments of Clinical Sciences and Neurology (A.P.), Lund University; the Department of Neurology (A.P.), Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; the Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Graduate School of Medicine (M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan; the Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.) and Neurology (R.C.P., B.F.B.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; the School of Medicine and Medical Science (O.A.R.), University College Dublin, Ireland; and Mayo Graduate School (O.A.R.), Neurobiology of Disease, Jacksonville, FL
| | - Alexandra I Soto-Ortolaza
- From the Department of Neuroscience (K.O., S.K., F.C.F., M.A., C.L., O.L.-B., E.L.M.-L., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., W.S., D.W.D., O.A.R.), the Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and the Department of Neurology (A.J.S., R.J.U., N.R.G.-R., Z.K.W.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; the Department of Neurology (K.O., M.A., K.N., M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; the Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway, and Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Ireland; the Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O., M.R.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; the Department of Neurology (A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; the Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; the Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; the Departments of Clinical Sciences and Neurology (A.P.), Lund University; the Department of Neurology (A.P.), Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; the Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Graduate School of Medicine (M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan; the Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.) and Neurology (R.C.P., B.F.B.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; the School of Medicine and Medical Science (O.A.R.), University College Dublin, Ireland; and Mayo Graduate School (O.A.R.), Neurobiology of Disease, Jacksonville, FL
| | - Ronald L Walton
- From the Department of Neuroscience (K.O., S.K., F.C.F., M.A., C.L., O.L.-B., E.L.M.-L., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., W.S., D.W.D., O.A.R.), the Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and the Department of Neurology (A.J.S., R.J.U., N.R.G.-R., Z.K.W.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; the Department of Neurology (K.O., M.A., K.N., M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; the Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway, and Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Ireland; the Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O., M.R.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; the Department of Neurology (A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; the Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; the Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; the Departments of Clinical Sciences and Neurology (A.P.), Lund University; the Department of Neurology (A.P.), Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; the Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Graduate School of Medicine (M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan; the Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.) and Neurology (R.C.P., B.F.B.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; the School of Medicine and Medical Science (O.A.R.), University College Dublin, Ireland; and Mayo Graduate School (O.A.R.), Neurobiology of Disease, Jacksonville, FL
| | - Audrey J Strongosky
- From the Department of Neuroscience (K.O., S.K., F.C.F., M.A., C.L., O.L.-B., E.L.M.-L., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., W.S., D.W.D., O.A.R.), the Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and the Department of Neurology (A.J.S., R.J.U., N.R.G.-R., Z.K.W.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; the Department of Neurology (K.O., M.A., K.N., M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; the Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway, and Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Ireland; the Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O., M.R.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; the Department of Neurology (A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; the Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; the Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; the Departments of Clinical Sciences and Neurology (A.P.), Lund University; the Department of Neurology (A.P.), Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; the Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Graduate School of Medicine (M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan; the Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.) and Neurology (R.C.P., B.F.B.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; the School of Medicine and Medical Science (O.A.R.), University College Dublin, Ireland; and Mayo Graduate School (O.A.R.), Neurobiology of Disease, Jacksonville, FL
| | - Ryan J Uitti
- From the Department of Neuroscience (K.O., S.K., F.C.F., M.A., C.L., O.L.-B., E.L.M.-L., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., W.S., D.W.D., O.A.R.), the Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and the Department of Neurology (A.J.S., R.J.U., N.R.G.-R., Z.K.W.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; the Department of Neurology (K.O., M.A., K.N., M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; the Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway, and Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Ireland; the Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O., M.R.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; the Department of Neurology (A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; the Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; the Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; the Departments of Clinical Sciences and Neurology (A.P.), Lund University; the Department of Neurology (A.P.), Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; the Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Graduate School of Medicine (M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan; the Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.) and Neurology (R.C.P., B.F.B.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; the School of Medicine and Medical Science (O.A.R.), University College Dublin, Ireland; and Mayo Graduate School (O.A.R.), Neurobiology of Disease, Jacksonville, FL
| | - Allan McCarthy
- From the Department of Neuroscience (K.O., S.K., F.C.F., M.A., C.L., O.L.-B., E.L.M.-L., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., W.S., D.W.D., O.A.R.), the Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and the Department of Neurology (A.J.S., R.J.U., N.R.G.-R., Z.K.W.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; the Department of Neurology (K.O., M.A., K.N., M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; the Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway, and Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Ireland; the Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O., M.R.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; the Department of Neurology (A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; the Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; the Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; the Departments of Clinical Sciences and Neurology (A.P.), Lund University; the Department of Neurology (A.P.), Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; the Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Graduate School of Medicine (M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan; the Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.) and Neurology (R.C.P., B.F.B.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; the School of Medicine and Medical Science (O.A.R.), University College Dublin, Ireland; and Mayo Graduate School (O.A.R.), Neurobiology of Disease, Jacksonville, FL
| | - Timothy Lynch
- From the Department of Neuroscience (K.O., S.K., F.C.F., M.A., C.L., O.L.-B., E.L.M.-L., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., W.S., D.W.D., O.A.R.), the Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and the Department of Neurology (A.J.S., R.J.U., N.R.G.-R., Z.K.W.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; the Department of Neurology (K.O., M.A., K.N., M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; the Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway, and Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Ireland; the Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O., M.R.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; the Department of Neurology (A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; the Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; the Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; the Departments of Clinical Sciences and Neurology (A.P.), Lund University; the Department of Neurology (A.P.), Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; the Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Graduate School of Medicine (M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan; the Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.) and Neurology (R.C.P., B.F.B.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; the School of Medicine and Medical Science (O.A.R.), University College Dublin, Ireland; and Mayo Graduate School (O.A.R.), Neurobiology of Disease, Jacksonville, FL
| | - Joanna Siuda
- From the Department of Neuroscience (K.O., S.K., F.C.F., M.A., C.L., O.L.-B., E.L.M.-L., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., W.S., D.W.D., O.A.R.), the Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and the Department of Neurology (A.J.S., R.J.U., N.R.G.-R., Z.K.W.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; the Department of Neurology (K.O., M.A., K.N., M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; the Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway, and Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Ireland; the Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O., M.R.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; the Department of Neurology (A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; the Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; the Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; the Departments of Clinical Sciences and Neurology (A.P.), Lund University; the Department of Neurology (A.P.), Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; the Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Graduate School of Medicine (M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan; the Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.) and Neurology (R.C.P., B.F.B.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; the School of Medicine and Medical Science (O.A.R.), University College Dublin, Ireland; and Mayo Graduate School (O.A.R.), Neurobiology of Disease, Jacksonville, FL
| | - Grzegorz Opala
- From the Department of Neuroscience (K.O., S.K., F.C.F., M.A., C.L., O.L.-B., E.L.M.-L., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., W.S., D.W.D., O.A.R.), the Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and the Department of Neurology (A.J.S., R.J.U., N.R.G.-R., Z.K.W.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; the Department of Neurology (K.O., M.A., K.N., M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; the Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway, and Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Ireland; the Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O., M.R.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; the Department of Neurology (A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; the Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; the Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; the Departments of Clinical Sciences and Neurology (A.P.), Lund University; the Department of Neurology (A.P.), Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; the Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Graduate School of Medicine (M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan; the Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.) and Neurology (R.C.P., B.F.B.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; the School of Medicine and Medical Science (O.A.R.), University College Dublin, Ireland; and Mayo Graduate School (O.A.R.), Neurobiology of Disease, Jacksonville, FL
| | - Monika Rudzinska
- From the Department of Neuroscience (K.O., S.K., F.C.F., M.A., C.L., O.L.-B., E.L.M.-L., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., W.S., D.W.D., O.A.R.), the Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and the Department of Neurology (A.J.S., R.J.U., N.R.G.-R., Z.K.W.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; the Department of Neurology (K.O., M.A., K.N., M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; the Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway, and Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Ireland; the Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O., M.R.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; the Department of Neurology (A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; the Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; the Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; the Departments of Clinical Sciences and Neurology (A.P.), Lund University; the Department of Neurology (A.P.), Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; the Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Graduate School of Medicine (M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan; the Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.) and Neurology (R.C.P., B.F.B.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; the School of Medicine and Medical Science (O.A.R.), University College Dublin, Ireland; and Mayo Graduate School (O.A.R.), Neurobiology of Disease, Jacksonville, FL
| | - Anna Krygowska-Wajs
- From the Department of Neuroscience (K.O., S.K., F.C.F., M.A., C.L., O.L.-B., E.L.M.-L., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., W.S., D.W.D., O.A.R.), the Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and the Department of Neurology (A.J.S., R.J.U., N.R.G.-R., Z.K.W.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; the Department of Neurology (K.O., M.A., K.N., M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; the Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway, and Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Ireland; the Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O., M.R.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; the Department of Neurology (A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; the Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; the Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; the Departments of Clinical Sciences and Neurology (A.P.), Lund University; the Department of Neurology (A.P.), Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; the Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Graduate School of Medicine (M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan; the Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.) and Neurology (R.C.P., B.F.B.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; the School of Medicine and Medical Science (O.A.R.), University College Dublin, Ireland; and Mayo Graduate School (O.A.R.), Neurobiology of Disease, Jacksonville, FL
| | - Maria Barcikowska
- From the Department of Neuroscience (K.O., S.K., F.C.F., M.A., C.L., O.L.-B., E.L.M.-L., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., W.S., D.W.D., O.A.R.), the Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and the Department of Neurology (A.J.S., R.J.U., N.R.G.-R., Z.K.W.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; the Department of Neurology (K.O., M.A., K.N., M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; the Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway, and Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Ireland; the Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O., M.R.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; the Department of Neurology (A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; the Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; the Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; the Departments of Clinical Sciences and Neurology (A.P.), Lund University; the Department of Neurology (A.P.), Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; the Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Graduate School of Medicine (M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan; the Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.) and Neurology (R.C.P., B.F.B.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; the School of Medicine and Medical Science (O.A.R.), University College Dublin, Ireland; and Mayo Graduate School (O.A.R.), Neurobiology of Disease, Jacksonville, FL
| | - Krzysztof Czyzewski
- From the Department of Neuroscience (K.O., S.K., F.C.F., M.A., C.L., O.L.-B., E.L.M.-L., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., W.S., D.W.D., O.A.R.), the Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and the Department of Neurology (A.J.S., R.J.U., N.R.G.-R., Z.K.W.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; the Department of Neurology (K.O., M.A., K.N., M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; the Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway, and Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Ireland; the Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O., M.R.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; the Department of Neurology (A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; the Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; the Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; the Departments of Clinical Sciences and Neurology (A.P.), Lund University; the Department of Neurology (A.P.), Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; the Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Graduate School of Medicine (M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan; the Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.) and Neurology (R.C.P., B.F.B.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; the School of Medicine and Medical Science (O.A.R.), University College Dublin, Ireland; and Mayo Graduate School (O.A.R.), Neurobiology of Disease, Jacksonville, FL
| | - Andreas Puschmann
- From the Department of Neuroscience (K.O., S.K., F.C.F., M.A., C.L., O.L.-B., E.L.M.-L., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., W.S., D.W.D., O.A.R.), the Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and the Department of Neurology (A.J.S., R.J.U., N.R.G.-R., Z.K.W.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; the Department of Neurology (K.O., M.A., K.N., M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; the Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway, and Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Ireland; the Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O., M.R.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; the Department of Neurology (A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; the Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; the Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; the Departments of Clinical Sciences and Neurology (A.P.), Lund University; the Department of Neurology (A.P.), Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; the Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Graduate School of Medicine (M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan; the Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.) and Neurology (R.C.P., B.F.B.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; the School of Medicine and Medical Science (O.A.R.), University College Dublin, Ireland; and Mayo Graduate School (O.A.R.), Neurobiology of Disease, Jacksonville, FL
| | - Kenya Nishioka
- From the Department of Neuroscience (K.O., S.K., F.C.F., M.A., C.L., O.L.-B., E.L.M.-L., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., W.S., D.W.D., O.A.R.), the Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and the Department of Neurology (A.J.S., R.J.U., N.R.G.-R., Z.K.W.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; the Department of Neurology (K.O., M.A., K.N., M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; the Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway, and Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Ireland; the Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O., M.R.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; the Department of Neurology (A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; the Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; the Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; the Departments of Clinical Sciences and Neurology (A.P.), Lund University; the Department of Neurology (A.P.), Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; the Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Graduate School of Medicine (M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan; the Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.) and Neurology (R.C.P., B.F.B.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; the School of Medicine and Medical Science (O.A.R.), University College Dublin, Ireland; and Mayo Graduate School (O.A.R.), Neurobiology of Disease, Jacksonville, FL
| | - Manabu Funayama
- From the Department of Neuroscience (K.O., S.K., F.C.F., M.A., C.L., O.L.-B., E.L.M.-L., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., W.S., D.W.D., O.A.R.), the Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and the Department of Neurology (A.J.S., R.J.U., N.R.G.-R., Z.K.W.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; the Department of Neurology (K.O., M.A., K.N., M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; the Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway, and Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Ireland; the Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O., M.R.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; the Department of Neurology (A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; the Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; the Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; the Departments of Clinical Sciences and Neurology (A.P.), Lund University; the Department of Neurology (A.P.), Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; the Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Graduate School of Medicine (M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan; the Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.) and Neurology (R.C.P., B.F.B.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; the School of Medicine and Medical Science (O.A.R.), University College Dublin, Ireland; and Mayo Graduate School (O.A.R.), Neurobiology of Disease, Jacksonville, FL
| | - Nobutaka Hattori
- From the Department of Neuroscience (K.O., S.K., F.C.F., M.A., C.L., O.L.-B., E.L.M.-L., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., W.S., D.W.D., O.A.R.), the Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and the Department of Neurology (A.J.S., R.J.U., N.R.G.-R., Z.K.W.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; the Department of Neurology (K.O., M.A., K.N., M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; the Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway, and Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Ireland; the Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O., M.R.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; the Department of Neurology (A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; the Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; the Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; the Departments of Clinical Sciences and Neurology (A.P.), Lund University; the Department of Neurology (A.P.), Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; the Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Graduate School of Medicine (M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan; the Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.) and Neurology (R.C.P., B.F.B.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; the School of Medicine and Medical Science (O.A.R.), University College Dublin, Ireland; and Mayo Graduate School (O.A.R.), Neurobiology of Disease, Jacksonville, FL
| | - Joseph E Parisi
- From the Department of Neuroscience (K.O., S.K., F.C.F., M.A., C.L., O.L.-B., E.L.M.-L., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., W.S., D.W.D., O.A.R.), the Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and the Department of Neurology (A.J.S., R.J.U., N.R.G.-R., Z.K.W.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; the Department of Neurology (K.O., M.A., K.N., M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; the Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway, and Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Ireland; the Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O., M.R.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; the Department of Neurology (A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; the Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; the Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; the Departments of Clinical Sciences and Neurology (A.P.), Lund University; the Department of Neurology (A.P.), Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; the Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Graduate School of Medicine (M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan; the Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.) and Neurology (R.C.P., B.F.B.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; the School of Medicine and Medical Science (O.A.R.), University College Dublin, Ireland; and Mayo Graduate School (O.A.R.), Neurobiology of Disease, Jacksonville, FL
| | - Ronald C Petersen
- From the Department of Neuroscience (K.O., S.K., F.C.F., M.A., C.L., O.L.-B., E.L.M.-L., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., W.S., D.W.D., O.A.R.), the Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and the Department of Neurology (A.J.S., R.J.U., N.R.G.-R., Z.K.W.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; the Department of Neurology (K.O., M.A., K.N., M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; the Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway, and Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Ireland; the Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O., M.R.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; the Department of Neurology (A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; the Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; the Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; the Departments of Clinical Sciences and Neurology (A.P.), Lund University; the Department of Neurology (A.P.), Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; the Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Graduate School of Medicine (M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan; the Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.) and Neurology (R.C.P., B.F.B.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; the School of Medicine and Medical Science (O.A.R.), University College Dublin, Ireland; and Mayo Graduate School (O.A.R.), Neurobiology of Disease, Jacksonville, FL
| | - Neill R Graff-Radford
- From the Department of Neuroscience (K.O., S.K., F.C.F., M.A., C.L., O.L.-B., E.L.M.-L., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., W.S., D.W.D., O.A.R.), the Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and the Department of Neurology (A.J.S., R.J.U., N.R.G.-R., Z.K.W.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; the Department of Neurology (K.O., M.A., K.N., M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; the Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway, and Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Ireland; the Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O., M.R.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; the Department of Neurology (A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; the Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; the Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; the Departments of Clinical Sciences and Neurology (A.P.), Lund University; the Department of Neurology (A.P.), Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; the Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Graduate School of Medicine (M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan; the Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.) and Neurology (R.C.P., B.F.B.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; the School of Medicine and Medical Science (O.A.R.), University College Dublin, Ireland; and Mayo Graduate School (O.A.R.), Neurobiology of Disease, Jacksonville, FL
| | - Bradley F Boeve
- From the Department of Neuroscience (K.O., S.K., F.C.F., M.A., C.L., O.L.-B., E.L.M.-L., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., W.S., D.W.D., O.A.R.), the Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and the Department of Neurology (A.J.S., R.J.U., N.R.G.-R., Z.K.W.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; the Department of Neurology (K.O., M.A., K.N., M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; the Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway, and Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Ireland; the Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O., M.R.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; the Department of Neurology (A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; the Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; the Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; the Departments of Clinical Sciences and Neurology (A.P.), Lund University; the Department of Neurology (A.P.), Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; the Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Graduate School of Medicine (M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan; the Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.) and Neurology (R.C.P., B.F.B.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; the School of Medicine and Medical Science (O.A.R.), University College Dublin, Ireland; and Mayo Graduate School (O.A.R.), Neurobiology of Disease, Jacksonville, FL
| | - Wolfdieter Springer
- From the Department of Neuroscience (K.O., S.K., F.C.F., M.A., C.L., O.L.-B., E.L.M.-L., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., W.S., D.W.D., O.A.R.), the Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and the Department of Neurology (A.J.S., R.J.U., N.R.G.-R., Z.K.W.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; the Department of Neurology (K.O., M.A., K.N., M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; the Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway, and Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Ireland; the Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O., M.R.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; the Department of Neurology (A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; the Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; the Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; the Departments of Clinical Sciences and Neurology (A.P.), Lund University; the Department of Neurology (A.P.), Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; the Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Graduate School of Medicine (M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan; the Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.) and Neurology (R.C.P., B.F.B.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; the School of Medicine and Medical Science (O.A.R.), University College Dublin, Ireland; and Mayo Graduate School (O.A.R.), Neurobiology of Disease, Jacksonville, FL
| | - Zbigniew K Wszolek
- From the Department of Neuroscience (K.O., S.K., F.C.F., M.A., C.L., O.L.-B., E.L.M.-L., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., W.S., D.W.D., O.A.R.), the Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and the Department of Neurology (A.J.S., R.J.U., N.R.G.-R., Z.K.W.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; the Department of Neurology (K.O., M.A., K.N., M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; the Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway, and Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Ireland; the Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O., M.R.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; the Department of Neurology (A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; the Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; the Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; the Departments of Clinical Sciences and Neurology (A.P.), Lund University; the Department of Neurology (A.P.), Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; the Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Graduate School of Medicine (M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan; the Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.) and Neurology (R.C.P., B.F.B.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; the School of Medicine and Medical Science (O.A.R.), University College Dublin, Ireland; and Mayo Graduate School (O.A.R.), Neurobiology of Disease, Jacksonville, FL
| | - Dennis W Dickson
- From the Department of Neuroscience (K.O., S.K., F.C.F., M.A., C.L., O.L.-B., E.L.M.-L., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., W.S., D.W.D., O.A.R.), the Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and the Department of Neurology (A.J.S., R.J.U., N.R.G.-R., Z.K.W.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; the Department of Neurology (K.O., M.A., K.N., M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; the Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway, and Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Ireland; the Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O., M.R.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; the Department of Neurology (A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; the Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; the Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; the Departments of Clinical Sciences and Neurology (A.P.), Lund University; the Department of Neurology (A.P.), Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; the Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Graduate School of Medicine (M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan; the Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.) and Neurology (R.C.P., B.F.B.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; the School of Medicine and Medical Science (O.A.R.), University College Dublin, Ireland; and Mayo Graduate School (O.A.R.), Neurobiology of Disease, Jacksonville, FL
| | - Owen A Ross
- From the Department of Neuroscience (K.O., S.K., F.C.F., M.A., C.L., O.L.-B., E.L.M.-L., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., W.S., D.W.D., O.A.R.), the Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and the Department of Neurology (A.J.S., R.J.U., N.R.G.-R., Z.K.W.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; the Department of Neurology (K.O., M.A., K.N., M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; the Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway, and Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Ireland; the Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O., M.R.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; the Department of Neurology (A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; the Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; the Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; the Departments of Clinical Sciences and Neurology (A.P.), Lund University; the Department of Neurology (A.P.), Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; the Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Graduate School of Medicine (M.F., N.H.), Juntendo University, Tokyo, Japan; the Departments of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.) and Neurology (R.C.P., B.F.B.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; the School of Medicine and Medical Science (O.A.R.), University College Dublin, Ireland; and Mayo Graduate School (O.A.R.), Neurobiology of Disease, Jacksonville, FL.
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Labbé C, Ogaki K, Lorenzo-Betancor O, Soto-Ortolaza AI, Walton RL, Rayaprolu S, Fujioka S, Murray ME, Heckman MG, Puschmann A, McCarthy A, Lynch T, Siuda J, Opala G, Rudzinska M, Krygowska-Wajs A, Barcikowska M, Czyzewski K, Sanotsky Y, Rektorová I, McLean PJ, Rademakers R, Ertekin-Taner N, Hassan A, Ahlskog JE, Boeve BF, Petersen RC, Maraganore DM, Adler CH, Ferman TJ, Parisi JE, Graff-Radford NR, Uitti RJ, Wszolek ZK, Dickson DW, Ross OA. Role for the microtubule-associated protein tau variant p.A152T in risk of α-synucleinopathies. Neurology 2015; 85:1680-6. [PMID: 26333800 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000001946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the importance of MAPT variant p.A152T in the risk of synucleinopathies. METHODS In this case-control study, we screened a large global series of patients and controls, and assessed associations between p.A152T and disease risk. We included 3,229 patients with clinical Parkinson disease (PD), 442 with clinical dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), 181 with multiple system atrophy (MSA), 832 with pathologically confirmed Lewy body disease (LBD), and 2,456 healthy controls. RESULTS The minor allele frequencies (MAF) in clinical PD cases (0.28%) and in controls (0.2%) were not found to be significantly different (odds ratio [OR] 1.37, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.63-2.98, p = 0.42). However, a significant association was observed with clinical DLB (MAF 0.68%, OR 5.76, 95% CI 1.62-20.51, p = 0.007) and LBD (MAF 0.42%, OR 3.55, 95% CI 1.04-12.17, p = 0.04). Additionally, p.A152T was more common in patients with MSA compared to controls (MAF 0.55%, OR 4.68, 95% CI 0.85-25.72, p = 0.08) but this was not statistically significant and therefore should be interpreted with caution. CONCLUSIONS Overall, our findings suggest that MAPT p.A152T is a rare low penetrance variant likely associated with DLB that may be influenced by coexisting LBD and AD pathology. Given the rare nature of the variant, further studies with greater sample size are warranted and will help to fully explain the role of p.A152T in the pathogenesis of the synucleinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Labbé
- From the Departments of Neuroscience (C.L., K.O., O.L.-B., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., S.R., M.E.M., P.J.M., R.R., N.E.-T., D.W.D., O.A.R.), Neurology (S.F., N.E.-T., N.R.G.-R., R.J.U., Z.K.W.), and Psychiatry and Psychology (T.J.F.), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and Mayo Graduate School (P.J.M., O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway; Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research (A.M., T.L.), University College Dublin, Ireland; Department of Clinical Sciences (A.P.), Lund University, and Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; Department of Neurology (M.R., A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; Lviv Regional Clinical Hospital (Y.S.), Ukraine; Department of Neurology and School of Medicine (I.R.), Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Departments of Neurology (A.H., J.E.A., B.F.B., R.C.P.) and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (D.M.M.), NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL; and Department of Neurology (C.H.A.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Kotaro Ogaki
- From the Departments of Neuroscience (C.L., K.O., O.L.-B., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., S.R., M.E.M., P.J.M., R.R., N.E.-T., D.W.D., O.A.R.), Neurology (S.F., N.E.-T., N.R.G.-R., R.J.U., Z.K.W.), and Psychiatry and Psychology (T.J.F.), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and Mayo Graduate School (P.J.M., O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway; Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research (A.M., T.L.), University College Dublin, Ireland; Department of Clinical Sciences (A.P.), Lund University, and Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; Department of Neurology (M.R., A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; Lviv Regional Clinical Hospital (Y.S.), Ukraine; Department of Neurology and School of Medicine (I.R.), Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Departments of Neurology (A.H., J.E.A., B.F.B., R.C.P.) and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (D.M.M.), NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL; and Department of Neurology (C.H.A.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Oswaldo Lorenzo-Betancor
- From the Departments of Neuroscience (C.L., K.O., O.L.-B., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., S.R., M.E.M., P.J.M., R.R., N.E.-T., D.W.D., O.A.R.), Neurology (S.F., N.E.-T., N.R.G.-R., R.J.U., Z.K.W.), and Psychiatry and Psychology (T.J.F.), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and Mayo Graduate School (P.J.M., O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway; Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research (A.M., T.L.), University College Dublin, Ireland; Department of Clinical Sciences (A.P.), Lund University, and Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; Department of Neurology (M.R., A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; Lviv Regional Clinical Hospital (Y.S.), Ukraine; Department of Neurology and School of Medicine (I.R.), Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Departments of Neurology (A.H., J.E.A., B.F.B., R.C.P.) and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (D.M.M.), NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL; and Department of Neurology (C.H.A.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Alexandra I Soto-Ortolaza
- From the Departments of Neuroscience (C.L., K.O., O.L.-B., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., S.R., M.E.M., P.J.M., R.R., N.E.-T., D.W.D., O.A.R.), Neurology (S.F., N.E.-T., N.R.G.-R., R.J.U., Z.K.W.), and Psychiatry and Psychology (T.J.F.), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and Mayo Graduate School (P.J.M., O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway; Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research (A.M., T.L.), University College Dublin, Ireland; Department of Clinical Sciences (A.P.), Lund University, and Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; Department of Neurology (M.R., A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; Lviv Regional Clinical Hospital (Y.S.), Ukraine; Department of Neurology and School of Medicine (I.R.), Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Departments of Neurology (A.H., J.E.A., B.F.B., R.C.P.) and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (D.M.M.), NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL; and Department of Neurology (C.H.A.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Ronald L Walton
- From the Departments of Neuroscience (C.L., K.O., O.L.-B., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., S.R., M.E.M., P.J.M., R.R., N.E.-T., D.W.D., O.A.R.), Neurology (S.F., N.E.-T., N.R.G.-R., R.J.U., Z.K.W.), and Psychiatry and Psychology (T.J.F.), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and Mayo Graduate School (P.J.M., O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway; Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research (A.M., T.L.), University College Dublin, Ireland; Department of Clinical Sciences (A.P.), Lund University, and Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; Department of Neurology (M.R., A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; Lviv Regional Clinical Hospital (Y.S.), Ukraine; Department of Neurology and School of Medicine (I.R.), Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Departments of Neurology (A.H., J.E.A., B.F.B., R.C.P.) and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (D.M.M.), NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL; and Department of Neurology (C.H.A.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Sruti Rayaprolu
- From the Departments of Neuroscience (C.L., K.O., O.L.-B., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., S.R., M.E.M., P.J.M., R.R., N.E.-T., D.W.D., O.A.R.), Neurology (S.F., N.E.-T., N.R.G.-R., R.J.U., Z.K.W.), and Psychiatry and Psychology (T.J.F.), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and Mayo Graduate School (P.J.M., O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway; Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research (A.M., T.L.), University College Dublin, Ireland; Department of Clinical Sciences (A.P.), Lund University, and Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; Department of Neurology (M.R., A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; Lviv Regional Clinical Hospital (Y.S.), Ukraine; Department of Neurology and School of Medicine (I.R.), Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Departments of Neurology (A.H., J.E.A., B.F.B., R.C.P.) and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (D.M.M.), NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL; and Department of Neurology (C.H.A.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Shinsuke Fujioka
- From the Departments of Neuroscience (C.L., K.O., O.L.-B., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., S.R., M.E.M., P.J.M., R.R., N.E.-T., D.W.D., O.A.R.), Neurology (S.F., N.E.-T., N.R.G.-R., R.J.U., Z.K.W.), and Psychiatry and Psychology (T.J.F.), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and Mayo Graduate School (P.J.M., O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway; Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research (A.M., T.L.), University College Dublin, Ireland; Department of Clinical Sciences (A.P.), Lund University, and Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; Department of Neurology (M.R., A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; Lviv Regional Clinical Hospital (Y.S.), Ukraine; Department of Neurology and School of Medicine (I.R.), Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Departments of Neurology (A.H., J.E.A., B.F.B., R.C.P.) and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (D.M.M.), NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL; and Department of Neurology (C.H.A.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Melissa E Murray
- From the Departments of Neuroscience (C.L., K.O., O.L.-B., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., S.R., M.E.M., P.J.M., R.R., N.E.-T., D.W.D., O.A.R.), Neurology (S.F., N.E.-T., N.R.G.-R., R.J.U., Z.K.W.), and Psychiatry and Psychology (T.J.F.), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and Mayo Graduate School (P.J.M., O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway; Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research (A.M., T.L.), University College Dublin, Ireland; Department of Clinical Sciences (A.P.), Lund University, and Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; Department of Neurology (M.R., A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; Lviv Regional Clinical Hospital (Y.S.), Ukraine; Department of Neurology and School of Medicine (I.R.), Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Departments of Neurology (A.H., J.E.A., B.F.B., R.C.P.) and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (D.M.M.), NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL; and Department of Neurology (C.H.A.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Michael G Heckman
- From the Departments of Neuroscience (C.L., K.O., O.L.-B., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., S.R., M.E.M., P.J.M., R.R., N.E.-T., D.W.D., O.A.R.), Neurology (S.F., N.E.-T., N.R.G.-R., R.J.U., Z.K.W.), and Psychiatry and Psychology (T.J.F.), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and Mayo Graduate School (P.J.M., O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway; Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research (A.M., T.L.), University College Dublin, Ireland; Department of Clinical Sciences (A.P.), Lund University, and Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; Department of Neurology (M.R., A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; Lviv Regional Clinical Hospital (Y.S.), Ukraine; Department of Neurology and School of Medicine (I.R.), Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Departments of Neurology (A.H., J.E.A., B.F.B., R.C.P.) and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (D.M.M.), NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL; and Department of Neurology (C.H.A.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Andreas Puschmann
- From the Departments of Neuroscience (C.L., K.O., O.L.-B., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., S.R., M.E.M., P.J.M., R.R., N.E.-T., D.W.D., O.A.R.), Neurology (S.F., N.E.-T., N.R.G.-R., R.J.U., Z.K.W.), and Psychiatry and Psychology (T.J.F.), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and Mayo Graduate School (P.J.M., O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway; Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research (A.M., T.L.), University College Dublin, Ireland; Department of Clinical Sciences (A.P.), Lund University, and Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; Department of Neurology (M.R., A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; Lviv Regional Clinical Hospital (Y.S.), Ukraine; Department of Neurology and School of Medicine (I.R.), Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Departments of Neurology (A.H., J.E.A., B.F.B., R.C.P.) and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (D.M.M.), NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL; and Department of Neurology (C.H.A.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Allan McCarthy
- From the Departments of Neuroscience (C.L., K.O., O.L.-B., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., S.R., M.E.M., P.J.M., R.R., N.E.-T., D.W.D., O.A.R.), Neurology (S.F., N.E.-T., N.R.G.-R., R.J.U., Z.K.W.), and Psychiatry and Psychology (T.J.F.), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and Mayo Graduate School (P.J.M., O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway; Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research (A.M., T.L.), University College Dublin, Ireland; Department of Clinical Sciences (A.P.), Lund University, and Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; Department of Neurology (M.R., A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; Lviv Regional Clinical Hospital (Y.S.), Ukraine; Department of Neurology and School of Medicine (I.R.), Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Departments of Neurology (A.H., J.E.A., B.F.B., R.C.P.) and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (D.M.M.), NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL; and Department of Neurology (C.H.A.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Timothy Lynch
- From the Departments of Neuroscience (C.L., K.O., O.L.-B., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., S.R., M.E.M., P.J.M., R.R., N.E.-T., D.W.D., O.A.R.), Neurology (S.F., N.E.-T., N.R.G.-R., R.J.U., Z.K.W.), and Psychiatry and Psychology (T.J.F.), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and Mayo Graduate School (P.J.M., O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway; Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research (A.M., T.L.), University College Dublin, Ireland; Department of Clinical Sciences (A.P.), Lund University, and Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; Department of Neurology (M.R., A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; Lviv Regional Clinical Hospital (Y.S.), Ukraine; Department of Neurology and School of Medicine (I.R.), Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Departments of Neurology (A.H., J.E.A., B.F.B., R.C.P.) and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (D.M.M.), NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL; and Department of Neurology (C.H.A.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Joanna Siuda
- From the Departments of Neuroscience (C.L., K.O., O.L.-B., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., S.R., M.E.M., P.J.M., R.R., N.E.-T., D.W.D., O.A.R.), Neurology (S.F., N.E.-T., N.R.G.-R., R.J.U., Z.K.W.), and Psychiatry and Psychology (T.J.F.), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and Mayo Graduate School (P.J.M., O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway; Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research (A.M., T.L.), University College Dublin, Ireland; Department of Clinical Sciences (A.P.), Lund University, and Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; Department of Neurology (M.R., A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; Lviv Regional Clinical Hospital (Y.S.), Ukraine; Department of Neurology and School of Medicine (I.R.), Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Departments of Neurology (A.H., J.E.A., B.F.B., R.C.P.) and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (D.M.M.), NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL; and Department of Neurology (C.H.A.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Grzegorz Opala
- From the Departments of Neuroscience (C.L., K.O., O.L.-B., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., S.R., M.E.M., P.J.M., R.R., N.E.-T., D.W.D., O.A.R.), Neurology (S.F., N.E.-T., N.R.G.-R., R.J.U., Z.K.W.), and Psychiatry and Psychology (T.J.F.), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and Mayo Graduate School (P.J.M., O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway; Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research (A.M., T.L.), University College Dublin, Ireland; Department of Clinical Sciences (A.P.), Lund University, and Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; Department of Neurology (M.R., A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; Lviv Regional Clinical Hospital (Y.S.), Ukraine; Department of Neurology and School of Medicine (I.R.), Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Departments of Neurology (A.H., J.E.A., B.F.B., R.C.P.) and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (D.M.M.), NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL; and Department of Neurology (C.H.A.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Monika Rudzinska
- From the Departments of Neuroscience (C.L., K.O., O.L.-B., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., S.R., M.E.M., P.J.M., R.R., N.E.-T., D.W.D., O.A.R.), Neurology (S.F., N.E.-T., N.R.G.-R., R.J.U., Z.K.W.), and Psychiatry and Psychology (T.J.F.), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and Mayo Graduate School (P.J.M., O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway; Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research (A.M., T.L.), University College Dublin, Ireland; Department of Clinical Sciences (A.P.), Lund University, and Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; Department of Neurology (M.R., A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; Lviv Regional Clinical Hospital (Y.S.), Ukraine; Department of Neurology and School of Medicine (I.R.), Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Departments of Neurology (A.H., J.E.A., B.F.B., R.C.P.) and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (D.M.M.), NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL; and Department of Neurology (C.H.A.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Anna Krygowska-Wajs
- From the Departments of Neuroscience (C.L., K.O., O.L.-B., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., S.R., M.E.M., P.J.M., R.R., N.E.-T., D.W.D., O.A.R.), Neurology (S.F., N.E.-T., N.R.G.-R., R.J.U., Z.K.W.), and Psychiatry and Psychology (T.J.F.), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and Mayo Graduate School (P.J.M., O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway; Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research (A.M., T.L.), University College Dublin, Ireland; Department of Clinical Sciences (A.P.), Lund University, and Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; Department of Neurology (M.R., A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; Lviv Regional Clinical Hospital (Y.S.), Ukraine; Department of Neurology and School of Medicine (I.R.), Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Departments of Neurology (A.H., J.E.A., B.F.B., R.C.P.) and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (D.M.M.), NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL; and Department of Neurology (C.H.A.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Maria Barcikowska
- From the Departments of Neuroscience (C.L., K.O., O.L.-B., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., S.R., M.E.M., P.J.M., R.R., N.E.-T., D.W.D., O.A.R.), Neurology (S.F., N.E.-T., N.R.G.-R., R.J.U., Z.K.W.), and Psychiatry and Psychology (T.J.F.), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and Mayo Graduate School (P.J.M., O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway; Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research (A.M., T.L.), University College Dublin, Ireland; Department of Clinical Sciences (A.P.), Lund University, and Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; Department of Neurology (M.R., A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; Lviv Regional Clinical Hospital (Y.S.), Ukraine; Department of Neurology and School of Medicine (I.R.), Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Departments of Neurology (A.H., J.E.A., B.F.B., R.C.P.) and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (D.M.M.), NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL; and Department of Neurology (C.H.A.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Krzysztof Czyzewski
- From the Departments of Neuroscience (C.L., K.O., O.L.-B., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., S.R., M.E.M., P.J.M., R.R., N.E.-T., D.W.D., O.A.R.), Neurology (S.F., N.E.-T., N.R.G.-R., R.J.U., Z.K.W.), and Psychiatry and Psychology (T.J.F.), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and Mayo Graduate School (P.J.M., O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway; Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research (A.M., T.L.), University College Dublin, Ireland; Department of Clinical Sciences (A.P.), Lund University, and Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; Department of Neurology (M.R., A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; Lviv Regional Clinical Hospital (Y.S.), Ukraine; Department of Neurology and School of Medicine (I.R.), Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Departments of Neurology (A.H., J.E.A., B.F.B., R.C.P.) and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (D.M.M.), NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL; and Department of Neurology (C.H.A.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Yanosh Sanotsky
- From the Departments of Neuroscience (C.L., K.O., O.L.-B., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., S.R., M.E.M., P.J.M., R.R., N.E.-T., D.W.D., O.A.R.), Neurology (S.F., N.E.-T., N.R.G.-R., R.J.U., Z.K.W.), and Psychiatry and Psychology (T.J.F.), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and Mayo Graduate School (P.J.M., O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway; Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research (A.M., T.L.), University College Dublin, Ireland; Department of Clinical Sciences (A.P.), Lund University, and Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; Department of Neurology (M.R., A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; Lviv Regional Clinical Hospital (Y.S.), Ukraine; Department of Neurology and School of Medicine (I.R.), Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Departments of Neurology (A.H., J.E.A., B.F.B., R.C.P.) and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (D.M.M.), NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL; and Department of Neurology (C.H.A.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Irena Rektorová
- From the Departments of Neuroscience (C.L., K.O., O.L.-B., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., S.R., M.E.M., P.J.M., R.R., N.E.-T., D.W.D., O.A.R.), Neurology (S.F., N.E.-T., N.R.G.-R., R.J.U., Z.K.W.), and Psychiatry and Psychology (T.J.F.), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and Mayo Graduate School (P.J.M., O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway; Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research (A.M., T.L.), University College Dublin, Ireland; Department of Clinical Sciences (A.P.), Lund University, and Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; Department of Neurology (M.R., A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; Lviv Regional Clinical Hospital (Y.S.), Ukraine; Department of Neurology and School of Medicine (I.R.), Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Departments of Neurology (A.H., J.E.A., B.F.B., R.C.P.) and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (D.M.M.), NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL; and Department of Neurology (C.H.A.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Pamela J McLean
- From the Departments of Neuroscience (C.L., K.O., O.L.-B., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., S.R., M.E.M., P.J.M., R.R., N.E.-T., D.W.D., O.A.R.), Neurology (S.F., N.E.-T., N.R.G.-R., R.J.U., Z.K.W.), and Psychiatry and Psychology (T.J.F.), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and Mayo Graduate School (P.J.M., O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway; Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research (A.M., T.L.), University College Dublin, Ireland; Department of Clinical Sciences (A.P.), Lund University, and Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; Department of Neurology (M.R., A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; Lviv Regional Clinical Hospital (Y.S.), Ukraine; Department of Neurology and School of Medicine (I.R.), Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Departments of Neurology (A.H., J.E.A., B.F.B., R.C.P.) and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (D.M.M.), NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL; and Department of Neurology (C.H.A.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Rosa Rademakers
- From the Departments of Neuroscience (C.L., K.O., O.L.-B., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., S.R., M.E.M., P.J.M., R.R., N.E.-T., D.W.D., O.A.R.), Neurology (S.F., N.E.-T., N.R.G.-R., R.J.U., Z.K.W.), and Psychiatry and Psychology (T.J.F.), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and Mayo Graduate School (P.J.M., O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway; Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research (A.M., T.L.), University College Dublin, Ireland; Department of Clinical Sciences (A.P.), Lund University, and Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; Department of Neurology (M.R., A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; Lviv Regional Clinical Hospital (Y.S.), Ukraine; Department of Neurology and School of Medicine (I.R.), Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Departments of Neurology (A.H., J.E.A., B.F.B., R.C.P.) and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (D.M.M.), NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL; and Department of Neurology (C.H.A.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Nilüfer Ertekin-Taner
- From the Departments of Neuroscience (C.L., K.O., O.L.-B., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., S.R., M.E.M., P.J.M., R.R., N.E.-T., D.W.D., O.A.R.), Neurology (S.F., N.E.-T., N.R.G.-R., R.J.U., Z.K.W.), and Psychiatry and Psychology (T.J.F.), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and Mayo Graduate School (P.J.M., O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway; Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research (A.M., T.L.), University College Dublin, Ireland; Department of Clinical Sciences (A.P.), Lund University, and Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; Department of Neurology (M.R., A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; Lviv Regional Clinical Hospital (Y.S.), Ukraine; Department of Neurology and School of Medicine (I.R.), Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Departments of Neurology (A.H., J.E.A., B.F.B., R.C.P.) and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (D.M.M.), NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL; and Department of Neurology (C.H.A.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Anhar Hassan
- From the Departments of Neuroscience (C.L., K.O., O.L.-B., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., S.R., M.E.M., P.J.M., R.R., N.E.-T., D.W.D., O.A.R.), Neurology (S.F., N.E.-T., N.R.G.-R., R.J.U., Z.K.W.), and Psychiatry and Psychology (T.J.F.), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and Mayo Graduate School (P.J.M., O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway; Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research (A.M., T.L.), University College Dublin, Ireland; Department of Clinical Sciences (A.P.), Lund University, and Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; Department of Neurology (M.R., A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; Lviv Regional Clinical Hospital (Y.S.), Ukraine; Department of Neurology and School of Medicine (I.R.), Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Departments of Neurology (A.H., J.E.A., B.F.B., R.C.P.) and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (D.M.M.), NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL; and Department of Neurology (C.H.A.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - J Eric Ahlskog
- From the Departments of Neuroscience (C.L., K.O., O.L.-B., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., S.R., M.E.M., P.J.M., R.R., N.E.-T., D.W.D., O.A.R.), Neurology (S.F., N.E.-T., N.R.G.-R., R.J.U., Z.K.W.), and Psychiatry and Psychology (T.J.F.), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and Mayo Graduate School (P.J.M., O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway; Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research (A.M., T.L.), University College Dublin, Ireland; Department of Clinical Sciences (A.P.), Lund University, and Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; Department of Neurology (M.R., A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; Lviv Regional Clinical Hospital (Y.S.), Ukraine; Department of Neurology and School of Medicine (I.R.), Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Departments of Neurology (A.H., J.E.A., B.F.B., R.C.P.) and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (D.M.M.), NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL; and Department of Neurology (C.H.A.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Bradley F Boeve
- From the Departments of Neuroscience (C.L., K.O., O.L.-B., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., S.R., M.E.M., P.J.M., R.R., N.E.-T., D.W.D., O.A.R.), Neurology (S.F., N.E.-T., N.R.G.-R., R.J.U., Z.K.W.), and Psychiatry and Psychology (T.J.F.), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and Mayo Graduate School (P.J.M., O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway; Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research (A.M., T.L.), University College Dublin, Ireland; Department of Clinical Sciences (A.P.), Lund University, and Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; Department of Neurology (M.R., A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; Lviv Regional Clinical Hospital (Y.S.), Ukraine; Department of Neurology and School of Medicine (I.R.), Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Departments of Neurology (A.H., J.E.A., B.F.B., R.C.P.) and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (D.M.M.), NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL; and Department of Neurology (C.H.A.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Ronald C Petersen
- From the Departments of Neuroscience (C.L., K.O., O.L.-B., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., S.R., M.E.M., P.J.M., R.R., N.E.-T., D.W.D., O.A.R.), Neurology (S.F., N.E.-T., N.R.G.-R., R.J.U., Z.K.W.), and Psychiatry and Psychology (T.J.F.), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and Mayo Graduate School (P.J.M., O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway; Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research (A.M., T.L.), University College Dublin, Ireland; Department of Clinical Sciences (A.P.), Lund University, and Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; Department of Neurology (M.R., A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; Lviv Regional Clinical Hospital (Y.S.), Ukraine; Department of Neurology and School of Medicine (I.R.), Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Departments of Neurology (A.H., J.E.A., B.F.B., R.C.P.) and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (D.M.M.), NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL; and Department of Neurology (C.H.A.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Demetrius M Maraganore
- From the Departments of Neuroscience (C.L., K.O., O.L.-B., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., S.R., M.E.M., P.J.M., R.R., N.E.-T., D.W.D., O.A.R.), Neurology (S.F., N.E.-T., N.R.G.-R., R.J.U., Z.K.W.), and Psychiatry and Psychology (T.J.F.), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and Mayo Graduate School (P.J.M., O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway; Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research (A.M., T.L.), University College Dublin, Ireland; Department of Clinical Sciences (A.P.), Lund University, and Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; Department of Neurology (M.R., A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; Lviv Regional Clinical Hospital (Y.S.), Ukraine; Department of Neurology and School of Medicine (I.R.), Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Departments of Neurology (A.H., J.E.A., B.F.B., R.C.P.) and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (D.M.M.), NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL; and Department of Neurology (C.H.A.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Charles H Adler
- From the Departments of Neuroscience (C.L., K.O., O.L.-B., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., S.R., M.E.M., P.J.M., R.R., N.E.-T., D.W.D., O.A.R.), Neurology (S.F., N.E.-T., N.R.G.-R., R.J.U., Z.K.W.), and Psychiatry and Psychology (T.J.F.), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and Mayo Graduate School (P.J.M., O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway; Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research (A.M., T.L.), University College Dublin, Ireland; Department of Clinical Sciences (A.P.), Lund University, and Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; Department of Neurology (M.R., A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; Lviv Regional Clinical Hospital (Y.S.), Ukraine; Department of Neurology and School of Medicine (I.R.), Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Departments of Neurology (A.H., J.E.A., B.F.B., R.C.P.) and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (D.M.M.), NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL; and Department of Neurology (C.H.A.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Tanis J Ferman
- From the Departments of Neuroscience (C.L., K.O., O.L.-B., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., S.R., M.E.M., P.J.M., R.R., N.E.-T., D.W.D., O.A.R.), Neurology (S.F., N.E.-T., N.R.G.-R., R.J.U., Z.K.W.), and Psychiatry and Psychology (T.J.F.), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and Mayo Graduate School (P.J.M., O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway; Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research (A.M., T.L.), University College Dublin, Ireland; Department of Clinical Sciences (A.P.), Lund University, and Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; Department of Neurology (M.R., A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; Lviv Regional Clinical Hospital (Y.S.), Ukraine; Department of Neurology and School of Medicine (I.R.), Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Departments of Neurology (A.H., J.E.A., B.F.B., R.C.P.) and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (D.M.M.), NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL; and Department of Neurology (C.H.A.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Joseph E Parisi
- From the Departments of Neuroscience (C.L., K.O., O.L.-B., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., S.R., M.E.M., P.J.M., R.R., N.E.-T., D.W.D., O.A.R.), Neurology (S.F., N.E.-T., N.R.G.-R., R.J.U., Z.K.W.), and Psychiatry and Psychology (T.J.F.), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and Mayo Graduate School (P.J.M., O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway; Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research (A.M., T.L.), University College Dublin, Ireland; Department of Clinical Sciences (A.P.), Lund University, and Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; Department of Neurology (M.R., A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; Lviv Regional Clinical Hospital (Y.S.), Ukraine; Department of Neurology and School of Medicine (I.R.), Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Departments of Neurology (A.H., J.E.A., B.F.B., R.C.P.) and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (D.M.M.), NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL; and Department of Neurology (C.H.A.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Neill R Graff-Radford
- From the Departments of Neuroscience (C.L., K.O., O.L.-B., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., S.R., M.E.M., P.J.M., R.R., N.E.-T., D.W.D., O.A.R.), Neurology (S.F., N.E.-T., N.R.G.-R., R.J.U., Z.K.W.), and Psychiatry and Psychology (T.J.F.), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and Mayo Graduate School (P.J.M., O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway; Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research (A.M., T.L.), University College Dublin, Ireland; Department of Clinical Sciences (A.P.), Lund University, and Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; Department of Neurology (M.R., A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; Lviv Regional Clinical Hospital (Y.S.), Ukraine; Department of Neurology and School of Medicine (I.R.), Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Departments of Neurology (A.H., J.E.A., B.F.B., R.C.P.) and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (D.M.M.), NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL; and Department of Neurology (C.H.A.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Ryan J Uitti
- From the Departments of Neuroscience (C.L., K.O., O.L.-B., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., S.R., M.E.M., P.J.M., R.R., N.E.-T., D.W.D., O.A.R.), Neurology (S.F., N.E.-T., N.R.G.-R., R.J.U., Z.K.W.), and Psychiatry and Psychology (T.J.F.), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and Mayo Graduate School (P.J.M., O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway; Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research (A.M., T.L.), University College Dublin, Ireland; Department of Clinical Sciences (A.P.), Lund University, and Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; Department of Neurology (M.R., A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; Lviv Regional Clinical Hospital (Y.S.), Ukraine; Department of Neurology and School of Medicine (I.R.), Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Departments of Neurology (A.H., J.E.A., B.F.B., R.C.P.) and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (D.M.M.), NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL; and Department of Neurology (C.H.A.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Zbigniew K Wszolek
- From the Departments of Neuroscience (C.L., K.O., O.L.-B., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., S.R., M.E.M., P.J.M., R.R., N.E.-T., D.W.D., O.A.R.), Neurology (S.F., N.E.-T., N.R.G.-R., R.J.U., Z.K.W.), and Psychiatry and Psychology (T.J.F.), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and Mayo Graduate School (P.J.M., O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway; Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research (A.M., T.L.), University College Dublin, Ireland; Department of Clinical Sciences (A.P.), Lund University, and Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; Department of Neurology (M.R., A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; Lviv Regional Clinical Hospital (Y.S.), Ukraine; Department of Neurology and School of Medicine (I.R.), Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Departments of Neurology (A.H., J.E.A., B.F.B., R.C.P.) and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (D.M.M.), NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL; and Department of Neurology (C.H.A.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Dennis W Dickson
- From the Departments of Neuroscience (C.L., K.O., O.L.-B., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., S.R., M.E.M., P.J.M., R.R., N.E.-T., D.W.D., O.A.R.), Neurology (S.F., N.E.-T., N.R.G.-R., R.J.U., Z.K.W.), and Psychiatry and Psychology (T.J.F.), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and Mayo Graduate School (P.J.M., O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway; Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research (A.M., T.L.), University College Dublin, Ireland; Department of Clinical Sciences (A.P.), Lund University, and Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; Department of Neurology (M.R., A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; Lviv Regional Clinical Hospital (Y.S.), Ukraine; Department of Neurology and School of Medicine (I.R.), Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Departments of Neurology (A.H., J.E.A., B.F.B., R.C.P.) and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (D.M.M.), NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL; and Department of Neurology (C.H.A.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ
| | - Owen A Ross
- From the Departments of Neuroscience (C.L., K.O., O.L.-B., A.I.S.-O., R.L.W., S.R., M.E.M., P.J.M., R.R., N.E.-T., D.W.D., O.A.R.), Neurology (S.F., N.E.-T., N.R.G.-R., R.J.U., Z.K.W.), and Psychiatry and Psychology (T.J.F.), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics (M.G.H.), and Mayo Graduate School (P.J.M., O.A.R.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital (A.M., T.L.), Conway; Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research (A.M., T.L.), University College Dublin, Ireland; Department of Clinical Sciences (A.P.), Lund University, and Department of Neurology, Skåne University Hospital, Sweden; Department of Neurology (J.S., G.O.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice; Department of Neurology (M.R., A.K.-W.), Jagiellonian University, Krakow; Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders (M.B.), Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw; Department of Neurology (K.C.), Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland; Lviv Regional Clinical Hospital (Y.S.), Ukraine; Department of Neurology and School of Medicine (I.R.), Central European Institute of Technology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic; Departments of Neurology (A.H., J.E.A., B.F.B., R.C.P.) and Pathology and Laboratory Medicine (J.E.P.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Neurology (D.M.M.), NorthShore University Health System, Evanston, IL; and Department of Neurology (C.H.A.), Mayo Clinic, Scottsdale, AZ.
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Allen M, Kachadoorian M, Carrasquillo MM, Karhade A, Manly L, Burgess JD, Wang C, Serie D, Wang X, Siuda J, Zou F, Chai HS, Younkin C, Crook J, Medway C, Nguyen T, Ma L, Malphrus K, Lincoln S, Petersen RC, Graff-Radford NR, Asmann YW, Dickson DW, Younkin SG, Ertekin-Taner N. Late-onset Alzheimer disease risk variants mark brain regulatory loci. Neurol Genet 2015; 1:e15. [PMID: 27066552 PMCID: PMC4807909 DOI: 10.1212/nxg.0000000000000012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/08/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the top late-onset Alzheimer disease (LOAD) risk loci detected or confirmed by the International Genomics of Alzheimer's Project for association with brain gene expression levels to identify variants that influence Alzheimer disease (AD) risk through gene expression regulation. Methods: Expression levels from the cerebellum (CER) and temporal cortex (TCX) were obtained using Illumina whole-genome cDNA-mediated annealing, selection, extension, and ligation assay (WG-DASL) for ∼400 autopsied patients (∼200 with AD and ∼200 with non-AD pathologies). We tested 12 significant LOAD genome-wide association study (GWAS) index single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) for cis association with levels of 34 genes within ±100 kb. We also evaluated brain levels of 14 LOAD GWAS candidate genes for association with 1,899 cis-SNPs. Significant associations were validated in a subset of TCX samples using next-generation RNA sequencing (RNAseq). Results: We identified strong associations of brain CR1, HLA-DRB1, and PILRB levels with LOAD GWAS index SNPs. We also detected other strong cis-SNPs for LOAD candidate genes MEF2C, ZCWPW1, and SLC24A4. MEF2C and SLC24A4, but not ZCWPW1 cis-SNPs, also associate with LOAD risk, independent of the index SNPs. The TCX expression associations could be validated with RNAseq for CR1, HLA-DRB1, ZCWPW1, and SLC24A4. Conclusions: Our results suggest that some LOAD GWAS variants mark brain regulatory loci, nominate genes under regulation by LOAD risk variants, and annotate these variants for their brain regulatory effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariet Allen
- Department of Neuroscience (M.A., M.K., M.M.C., A.K., L. Manly, J.D.B., J.S., F.Z., C.Y., C.M., T.N., L. Ma, K.M., S.L., D.W.D., S.G.Y., N.E.-T.), Department of Neurology (N.R.G.-R., N.E.-T.), and Health Sciences Research (D.S., X.W., J.C., Y.W.A.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Neurology (R.C.P.) and Health Sciences Research (C.W., H.S.C.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Department of Neurology (J.S.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Michaela Kachadoorian
- Department of Neuroscience (M.A., M.K., M.M.C., A.K., L. Manly, J.D.B., J.S., F.Z., C.Y., C.M., T.N., L. Ma, K.M., S.L., D.W.D., S.G.Y., N.E.-T.), Department of Neurology (N.R.G.-R., N.E.-T.), and Health Sciences Research (D.S., X.W., J.C., Y.W.A.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Neurology (R.C.P.) and Health Sciences Research (C.W., H.S.C.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Department of Neurology (J.S.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Minerva M Carrasquillo
- Department of Neuroscience (M.A., M.K., M.M.C., A.K., L. Manly, J.D.B., J.S., F.Z., C.Y., C.M., T.N., L. Ma, K.M., S.L., D.W.D., S.G.Y., N.E.-T.), Department of Neurology (N.R.G.-R., N.E.-T.), and Health Sciences Research (D.S., X.W., J.C., Y.W.A.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Neurology (R.C.P.) and Health Sciences Research (C.W., H.S.C.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Department of Neurology (J.S.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Aditya Karhade
- Department of Neuroscience (M.A., M.K., M.M.C., A.K., L. Manly, J.D.B., J.S., F.Z., C.Y., C.M., T.N., L. Ma, K.M., S.L., D.W.D., S.G.Y., N.E.-T.), Department of Neurology (N.R.G.-R., N.E.-T.), and Health Sciences Research (D.S., X.W., J.C., Y.W.A.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Neurology (R.C.P.) and Health Sciences Research (C.W., H.S.C.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Department of Neurology (J.S.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Lester Manly
- Department of Neuroscience (M.A., M.K., M.M.C., A.K., L. Manly, J.D.B., J.S., F.Z., C.Y., C.M., T.N., L. Ma, K.M., S.L., D.W.D., S.G.Y., N.E.-T.), Department of Neurology (N.R.G.-R., N.E.-T.), and Health Sciences Research (D.S., X.W., J.C., Y.W.A.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Neurology (R.C.P.) and Health Sciences Research (C.W., H.S.C.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Department of Neurology (J.S.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Jeremy D Burgess
- Department of Neuroscience (M.A., M.K., M.M.C., A.K., L. Manly, J.D.B., J.S., F.Z., C.Y., C.M., T.N., L. Ma, K.M., S.L., D.W.D., S.G.Y., N.E.-T.), Department of Neurology (N.R.G.-R., N.E.-T.), and Health Sciences Research (D.S., X.W., J.C., Y.W.A.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Neurology (R.C.P.) and Health Sciences Research (C.W., H.S.C.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Department of Neurology (J.S.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Neuroscience (M.A., M.K., M.M.C., A.K., L. Manly, J.D.B., J.S., F.Z., C.Y., C.M., T.N., L. Ma, K.M., S.L., D.W.D., S.G.Y., N.E.-T.), Department of Neurology (N.R.G.-R., N.E.-T.), and Health Sciences Research (D.S., X.W., J.C., Y.W.A.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Neurology (R.C.P.) and Health Sciences Research (C.W., H.S.C.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Department of Neurology (J.S.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Daniel Serie
- Department of Neuroscience (M.A., M.K., M.M.C., A.K., L. Manly, J.D.B., J.S., F.Z., C.Y., C.M., T.N., L. Ma, K.M., S.L., D.W.D., S.G.Y., N.E.-T.), Department of Neurology (N.R.G.-R., N.E.-T.), and Health Sciences Research (D.S., X.W., J.C., Y.W.A.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Neurology (R.C.P.) and Health Sciences Research (C.W., H.S.C.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Department of Neurology (J.S.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Neuroscience (M.A., M.K., M.M.C., A.K., L. Manly, J.D.B., J.S., F.Z., C.Y., C.M., T.N., L. Ma, K.M., S.L., D.W.D., S.G.Y., N.E.-T.), Department of Neurology (N.R.G.-R., N.E.-T.), and Health Sciences Research (D.S., X.W., J.C., Y.W.A.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Neurology (R.C.P.) and Health Sciences Research (C.W., H.S.C.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Department of Neurology (J.S.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Joanna Siuda
- Department of Neuroscience (M.A., M.K., M.M.C., A.K., L. Manly, J.D.B., J.S., F.Z., C.Y., C.M., T.N., L. Ma, K.M., S.L., D.W.D., S.G.Y., N.E.-T.), Department of Neurology (N.R.G.-R., N.E.-T.), and Health Sciences Research (D.S., X.W., J.C., Y.W.A.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Neurology (R.C.P.) and Health Sciences Research (C.W., H.S.C.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Department of Neurology (J.S.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Fanggeng Zou
- Department of Neuroscience (M.A., M.K., M.M.C., A.K., L. Manly, J.D.B., J.S., F.Z., C.Y., C.M., T.N., L. Ma, K.M., S.L., D.W.D., S.G.Y., N.E.-T.), Department of Neurology (N.R.G.-R., N.E.-T.), and Health Sciences Research (D.S., X.W., J.C., Y.W.A.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Neurology (R.C.P.) and Health Sciences Research (C.W., H.S.C.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Department of Neurology (J.S.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - High Seng Chai
- Department of Neuroscience (M.A., M.K., M.M.C., A.K., L. Manly, J.D.B., J.S., F.Z., C.Y., C.M., T.N., L. Ma, K.M., S.L., D.W.D., S.G.Y., N.E.-T.), Department of Neurology (N.R.G.-R., N.E.-T.), and Health Sciences Research (D.S., X.W., J.C., Y.W.A.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Neurology (R.C.P.) and Health Sciences Research (C.W., H.S.C.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Department of Neurology (J.S.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Curtis Younkin
- Department of Neuroscience (M.A., M.K., M.M.C., A.K., L. Manly, J.D.B., J.S., F.Z., C.Y., C.M., T.N., L. Ma, K.M., S.L., D.W.D., S.G.Y., N.E.-T.), Department of Neurology (N.R.G.-R., N.E.-T.), and Health Sciences Research (D.S., X.W., J.C., Y.W.A.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Neurology (R.C.P.) and Health Sciences Research (C.W., H.S.C.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Department of Neurology (J.S.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Julia Crook
- Department of Neuroscience (M.A., M.K., M.M.C., A.K., L. Manly, J.D.B., J.S., F.Z., C.Y., C.M., T.N., L. Ma, K.M., S.L., D.W.D., S.G.Y., N.E.-T.), Department of Neurology (N.R.G.-R., N.E.-T.), and Health Sciences Research (D.S., X.W., J.C., Y.W.A.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Neurology (R.C.P.) and Health Sciences Research (C.W., H.S.C.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Department of Neurology (J.S.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Christopher Medway
- Department of Neuroscience (M.A., M.K., M.M.C., A.K., L. Manly, J.D.B., J.S., F.Z., C.Y., C.M., T.N., L. Ma, K.M., S.L., D.W.D., S.G.Y., N.E.-T.), Department of Neurology (N.R.G.-R., N.E.-T.), and Health Sciences Research (D.S., X.W., J.C., Y.W.A.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Neurology (R.C.P.) and Health Sciences Research (C.W., H.S.C.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Department of Neurology (J.S.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Thuy Nguyen
- Department of Neuroscience (M.A., M.K., M.M.C., A.K., L. Manly, J.D.B., J.S., F.Z., C.Y., C.M., T.N., L. Ma, K.M., S.L., D.W.D., S.G.Y., N.E.-T.), Department of Neurology (N.R.G.-R., N.E.-T.), and Health Sciences Research (D.S., X.W., J.C., Y.W.A.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Neurology (R.C.P.) and Health Sciences Research (C.W., H.S.C.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Department of Neurology (J.S.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Li Ma
- Department of Neuroscience (M.A., M.K., M.M.C., A.K., L. Manly, J.D.B., J.S., F.Z., C.Y., C.M., T.N., L. Ma, K.M., S.L., D.W.D., S.G.Y., N.E.-T.), Department of Neurology (N.R.G.-R., N.E.-T.), and Health Sciences Research (D.S., X.W., J.C., Y.W.A.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Neurology (R.C.P.) and Health Sciences Research (C.W., H.S.C.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Department of Neurology (J.S.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Kimberly Malphrus
- Department of Neuroscience (M.A., M.K., M.M.C., A.K., L. Manly, J.D.B., J.S., F.Z., C.Y., C.M., T.N., L. Ma, K.M., S.L., D.W.D., S.G.Y., N.E.-T.), Department of Neurology (N.R.G.-R., N.E.-T.), and Health Sciences Research (D.S., X.W., J.C., Y.W.A.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Neurology (R.C.P.) and Health Sciences Research (C.W., H.S.C.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Department of Neurology (J.S.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Sarah Lincoln
- Department of Neuroscience (M.A., M.K., M.M.C., A.K., L. Manly, J.D.B., J.S., F.Z., C.Y., C.M., T.N., L. Ma, K.M., S.L., D.W.D., S.G.Y., N.E.-T.), Department of Neurology (N.R.G.-R., N.E.-T.), and Health Sciences Research (D.S., X.W., J.C., Y.W.A.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Neurology (R.C.P.) and Health Sciences Research (C.W., H.S.C.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Department of Neurology (J.S.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Ronald C Petersen
- Department of Neuroscience (M.A., M.K., M.M.C., A.K., L. Manly, J.D.B., J.S., F.Z., C.Y., C.M., T.N., L. Ma, K.M., S.L., D.W.D., S.G.Y., N.E.-T.), Department of Neurology (N.R.G.-R., N.E.-T.), and Health Sciences Research (D.S., X.W., J.C., Y.W.A.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Neurology (R.C.P.) and Health Sciences Research (C.W., H.S.C.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Department of Neurology (J.S.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Neill R Graff-Radford
- Department of Neuroscience (M.A., M.K., M.M.C., A.K., L. Manly, J.D.B., J.S., F.Z., C.Y., C.M., T.N., L. Ma, K.M., S.L., D.W.D., S.G.Y., N.E.-T.), Department of Neurology (N.R.G.-R., N.E.-T.), and Health Sciences Research (D.S., X.W., J.C., Y.W.A.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Neurology (R.C.P.) and Health Sciences Research (C.W., H.S.C.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Department of Neurology (J.S.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Yan W Asmann
- Department of Neuroscience (M.A., M.K., M.M.C., A.K., L. Manly, J.D.B., J.S., F.Z., C.Y., C.M., T.N., L. Ma, K.M., S.L., D.W.D., S.G.Y., N.E.-T.), Department of Neurology (N.R.G.-R., N.E.-T.), and Health Sciences Research (D.S., X.W., J.C., Y.W.A.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Neurology (R.C.P.) and Health Sciences Research (C.W., H.S.C.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Department of Neurology (J.S.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Dennis W Dickson
- Department of Neuroscience (M.A., M.K., M.M.C., A.K., L. Manly, J.D.B., J.S., F.Z., C.Y., C.M., T.N., L. Ma, K.M., S.L., D.W.D., S.G.Y., N.E.-T.), Department of Neurology (N.R.G.-R., N.E.-T.), and Health Sciences Research (D.S., X.W., J.C., Y.W.A.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Neurology (R.C.P.) and Health Sciences Research (C.W., H.S.C.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Department of Neurology (J.S.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Steven G Younkin
- Department of Neuroscience (M.A., M.K., M.M.C., A.K., L. Manly, J.D.B., J.S., F.Z., C.Y., C.M., T.N., L. Ma, K.M., S.L., D.W.D., S.G.Y., N.E.-T.), Department of Neurology (N.R.G.-R., N.E.-T.), and Health Sciences Research (D.S., X.W., J.C., Y.W.A.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Neurology (R.C.P.) and Health Sciences Research (C.W., H.S.C.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Department of Neurology (J.S.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Nilüfer Ertekin-Taner
- Department of Neuroscience (M.A., M.K., M.M.C., A.K., L. Manly, J.D.B., J.S., F.Z., C.Y., C.M., T.N., L. Ma, K.M., S.L., D.W.D., S.G.Y., N.E.-T.), Department of Neurology (N.R.G.-R., N.E.-T.), and Health Sciences Research (D.S., X.W., J.C., Y.W.A.), Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL; Department of Neurology (R.C.P.) and Health Sciences Research (C.W., H.S.C.), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; and Department of Neurology (J.S.), Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
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42
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Fiesel FC, Ando M, Hudec R, Hill AR, Castanedes-Casey M, Caulfield TR, Moussaud-Lamodière EL, Stankowski JN, Bauer PO, Lorenzo-Betancor O, Ferrer I, Arbelo JM, Siuda J, Chen L, Dawson VL, Dawson TM, Wszolek ZK, Ross OA, Dickson DW, Springer W. (Patho-)physiological relevance of PINK1-dependent ubiquitin phosphorylation. EMBO Rep 2015; 16:1114-30. [PMID: 26162776 DOI: 10.15252/embr.201540514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Mutations in PINK1 and PARKIN cause recessive, early-onset Parkinson's disease (PD). Together, these two proteins orchestrate a protective mitophagic response that ensures the safe disposal of damaged mitochondria. The kinase PINK1 phosphorylates ubiquitin (Ub) at the conserved residue S65, in addition to modifying the E3 ubiquitin ligase Parkin. The structural and functional consequences of Ub phosphorylation (pS65-Ub) have already been suggested from in vitro experiments, but its (patho-)physiological significance remains unknown. We have generated novel antibodies and assessed pS65-Ub signals in vitro and in cells, including primary neurons, under endogenous conditions. pS65-Ub is dependent on PINK1 kinase activity as confirmed in patient fibroblasts and postmortem brain samples harboring pathogenic mutations. We show that pS65-Ub is reversible and barely detectable under basal conditions, but rapidly induced upon mitochondrial stress in cells and amplified in the presence of functional Parkin. pS65-Ub accumulates in human brain during aging and disease in the form of cytoplasmic granules that partially overlap with mitochondrial, lysosomal, and total Ub markers. Additional studies are now warranted to further elucidate pS65-Ub functions and fully explore its potential for biomarker or therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maya Ando
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Roman Hudec
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Peter O Bauer
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | | | - Isidre Ferrer
- Institut de Neuropatologia, Servei d'Anatomia Patològica Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Hospitalet del Llobregat, Spain CIBERNED, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Barcelona, Spain
| | - José M Arbelo
- Department of Neurology, Parkinson's and Movement Disorders Unit, Hospital Universitario Insular de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| | - Joanna Siuda
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine in Katowice Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Li Chen
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Valina L Dawson
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA, USA Diana Helis Henry Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Ted M Dawson
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA, USA Diana Helis Henry Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA, USA Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | | | - Owen A Ross
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA Neurobiology of Disease, Mayo Graduate School, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Dennis W Dickson
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA Neurobiology of Disease, Mayo Graduate School, Jacksonville, FL, USA
| | - Wolfdieter Springer
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL, USA Neurobiology of Disease, Mayo Graduate School, Jacksonville, FL, USA
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43
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Labbé C, Ogaki K, Lorenzo-Betancor O, Carrasquillo MM, Heckman MG, McCarthy A, Soto-Ortolaza AI, Walton RL, Lynch T, Siuda J, Opala G, Krygowska-Wajs A, Barcikowska M, Czyzewski K, Dickson DW, Uitti RJ, Wszolek ZK, Ross OA. Exonic Re-Sequencing of the Chromosome 2q24.3 Parkinson's Disease Locus. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0128586. [PMID: 26090850 PMCID: PMC4474914 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0128586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2014] [Accepted: 04/28/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in Parkinson’s disease (PD) have identified over 20 genomic regions associated with disease risk. Many of these loci include several candidate genes making it difficult to pinpoint the causal gene. The locus on chromosome 2q24.3 encompasses three genes: B3GALT1, STK39, and CERS6. In order to identify if the causal variants are simple missense changes, we sequenced all 31 exons of these three genes in 187 patients with PD. We identified 13 exonic variants including four non-synonymous and three insertion/deletion variants (indels). These non-synonymous variants and rs2102808, the GWAS tag SNP, were genotyped in three independent series consisting of a total of 1976 patients and 1596 controls. Our results show that the seven identified 2q24.3 coding variants are not independently responsible for the GWAS association signal at the locus; however, there is a haplotype, which contains both rs2102808 and a STK39 exon 1 6bp indel variant, that is significantly associated with PD risk (Odds Ratio [OR] = 1.35, 95% CI: 1.11–1.64, P = 0.003). This haplotype is more associated than each of the two variants independently (OR = 1.23, P = 0.005 and 1.10, P = 0.10, respectively). Our findings suggest that the risk variant is likely located in a non-coding region. Additional sequencing of the locus including promoter and regulatory regions will be needed to pinpoint the association at this locus that leads to an increased risk to PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catherine Labbé
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Kotaro Ogaki
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United States of America
| | | | | | - Michael G. Heckman
- Section of Biostatistics, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Allan McCarthy
- Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Conway Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Ronald L. Walton
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Timothy Lynch
- Dublin Neurological Institute at the Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Conway Institute of Biomolecular & Biomedical Research, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Joanna Siuda
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Opala
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | | | - Maria Barcikowska
- Department of Neurodegenerative Disorders, Medical Research Centre, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Czyzewski
- Department of Neurology, Central Hospital of the Ministry of Interior and Administration, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dennis W. Dickson
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United States of America
- Department of Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Ryan J. Uitti
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Zbigniew K. Wszolek
- Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United States of America
| | - Owen A. Ross
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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44
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Siuda J, Jasinska-Myga B, Boczarska-Jedynak M, Opala G, Fiesel FC, Moussaud-Lamodière EL, Scarffe LA, Dawson VL, Ross OA, Springer W, Dawson TM, Wszolek ZK. Early-onset Parkinson's disease due to PINK1 p.Q456X mutation--clinical and functional study. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2014; 20:1274-8. [PMID: 25226871 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2014.08.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2014] [Revised: 08/22/2014] [Accepted: 08/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recessive mutations in the PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1) gene cause early-onset Parkinson's disease (EOPD). The clinical phenotype of families that have this PINK1-associated disease may present with different symptoms, including typical PD. The loss of the PINK1 protein may lead to mitochondrial dysfunction, which causes dopaminergic neuron death. METHODS The clinical phenotypes of a large Polish family with EOPD and an identified PINK1 homozygous nonsense mutation were assessed. Ubiquitination and degradation of mitochondrial parkin substrates as well as mitochondrial bioenergetics were investigated as direct functional readouts for PINK1's kinase activity in biopsied dermal fibroblasts. RESULTS A four-generation family was genealogically evaluated. Genetic screening identified two affected subjects who were both homozygous carriers of the pathogenic PINK1 p.Q456X substitution. Both patients presented with dystonia and gait disorders at symptom onset. Seven heterozygous mutation carriers remained unaffected. Functional studies revealed that the PINK1 p.Q456X protein is non-functional in activating the downstream ubiquitin ligase parkin and priming the ubiquitination of its substrates, and that the RNA levels of PINK1 were significantly reduced. CONCLUSIONS The PINK1 p.Q456X mutation leads to a decrease in mRNA and a loss of protein function. The foot dystonia and gait disorders seen at disease onset in affected members of our family, which were accompanied by parkinsonism had a similar clinical presentation to what has been described in previous reports of PINK1 mutation carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Siuda
- Department of Neurology, Silesian Medical University, Katowice, Poland; Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | | | | | - Grzegorz Opala
- Department of Neurology, Silesian Medical University, Katowice, Poland
| | | | | | - Leslie A Scarffe
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns, Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
| | - Valina L Dawson
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns, Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Physiology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70130-2685, USA
| | - Owen A Ross
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | | | - Ted M Dawson
- Neuroregeneration and Stem Cell Programs, Institute for Cell Engineering, Johns, Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Solomon H. Snyder Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA; Adrienne Helis Malvin Medical Research Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70130-2685, USA; Department of Pharmacology and Molecular Sciences, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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Allen M, Serie D, Sun Z, Baheti S, Walsh M, Zou F, Chai HS, Younkin C, Siuda J, Burgess J, Crook J, Pancratz VS, Carrasquillo MM, Nair A, Middha S, Maharjan S, Nguyen T, Ma L, Malphrus K, Lincoln S, Bisceglio G, Ordog T, Petersen RC, Dickson DW, Graff‐Radford NR, Younkin S, Asmann Y, Ertekin‐Taner N. O3‐04‐06: GENE EXPRESSION PROFILING AND DNA METHYLATION IN ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE BRAINS. Alzheimers Dement 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2014.04.291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zhifu Sun
- Mayo Clinic MinnesotaRochesterMinnesotaUnited States
| | | | - Mike Walsh
- Mayo Clinic FloridaJacksonvilleFloridaUnited States
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Julia Crook
- Mayo Clinic FloridaJacksonvilleFloridaUnited States
| | | | | | - Asha Nair
- Mayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUnited States
| | | | | | - Thuy Nguyen
- Mayo Clinic FloridaJacksonvilleFloridaUnited States
| | - Li Ma
- Mayo Clinic JacksonvilleJacksonvilleFloridaUnited States
| | | | - Sarah Lincoln
- Mayo Clinic JacksonvilleJacksonvilleFloridaUnited States
| | | | - Tamas Ordog
- Mayo Clinic MinnesotaRochesterMinnesotaUnited States
| | | | | | | | | | - Yan Asmann
- Mayo Clinic FloridaJacksonvilleFloridaUnited States
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46
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Medway CW, Abdul‐Hay S, Mims T, Zou F, Ma L, Bisceglio G, Pankratz S, Sando S, Aasly J, Barcikowska M, Siuda J, Wszolek Z, Ross O, Carrasquillo MM, Dickson DW, Graff‐Radford NR, Petersen RC, Ertekin‐Taner N, Morgan K, Younkin S. P1‐055: MULTIPLE ABCA7 MISSENSE VARIANTS MINED FROM THE EXOME VARIANT SERVER SHOW INDEPENDENT ASSOCIATION WITH INCREASED OR DECREASED RISK OF LATE‐ONSET ALZHEIMER'S DISEASE (LOAD). Alzheimers Dement 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jalz.2014.05.291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Li Ma
- Mayo Clinic JacksonvilleJacksonvilleFloridaUnited States
| | | | | | - Sigrid Sando
- Norwegian University of Science and TechnologyTrondheimNorway
| | | | | | | | | | - Owen Ross
- Mayo ClinicJacksonvilleFloridaUnited States
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Kevin Morgan
- University of NottinghamNottinghamUnited Kingdom
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Siuda J, Fujioka S, Wszolek ZK. Parkinsonian syndrome in familial frontotemporal dementia. Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2014; 20:957-64. [PMID: 24998994 DOI: 10.1016/j.parkreldis.2014.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2014] [Revised: 05/27/2014] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Parkinsonism in frontotemporal dementia (FTD) was first described in families with mutations in the microtubule-associated protein tau (MAPT) and progranulin (PRGN) genes. Since then, mutations in several other genes have been identified for FTD with parkinsonism, including chromosome 9 open reading frame 72 (C9ORF72), chromatin modifying protein 2B (CHMP2B), valosin-containing protein (VCP), fused in sarcoma (FUS) and transactive DNA-binding protein (TARDBP). The clinical presentation of patients with familial forms of FTD with parkinsonism is highly variable. The parkinsonism seen in FTD patients is usually characterized by akinetic-rigid syndrome and is mostly associated with the behavioral variant of FTD (bvFTD); however, some cases may present with classical Parkinson's disease. In other cases, atypical parkinsonism resembling progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) or corticobasal syndrome (CBS) has also been described. Although rare, parkinsonism in FTD may coexist with motor neuron disease. Structural neuroimaging, which is crucial for the diagnosis of FTD, shows characteristic patterns of brain atrophy associated with specific mutations. Structural neuroimaging is not helpful in distinguishing among patients with parkinsonian features. Furthermore, dopaminergic imaging that shows nigrostriatal neurodegeneration in FTD with parkinsonism cannot discriminate parkinsonian syndromes that arise from different mutations. Generally, parkinsonism in FTD is levodopa unresponsive, but there have been cases where a temporary benefit has been reported, so dopaminergic treatment is worth trying, especially, when motor and non-motor manifestations can cause significant problems with daily functioning. In this review, we present an update on the clinical and genetic correlations of FTD with parkinsonism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Siuda
- Department of Neurology, Silesian Medical University, Katowice, Poland; Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic Jacksonville, FL, USA
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48
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Siuda J, Lewicka T, Bujak M, Opala G, Golenia A, Slowik A, van Blitterswijk M, Baker M, Ertekin-Taner N, Wszolek ZK, Rademakers R. ALS-FTD complex disorder due to C9ORF72 gene mutation: description of first Polish family. Eur Neurol 2014; 72:64-71. [PMID: 24861139 DOI: 10.1159/000362267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Accepted: 03/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and frontotemporal dementia (FTD) are complex neurodegenerative disorders that can be either sporadic or familial and can overlap clinically and pathologically. We present the first Central-Eastern European family with ALS-FTD syndrome due to a C9ORF72 repeat expansion. METHODS We studied a family consisting of 37 family members, 6 of whom were genetically evaluated for C9ORF72 expansions. Family members were evaluated clinically, by history, and by chart review. RESULTS Overall, 5 generations of the family were studied, and 6 affected family members were identified. All affected members were females and had a different clinical presentation, which was ALS, FTD or both. Among the genetically evaluated subjects, 5 carried a C9ORF72 expansion; 4 of these individuals remain clinically unaffected. CONCLUSION Our report reveals that the hexanucleotide repeat expansion of C9ORF72, which is the most common genetic cause of ALS-FTD complex disorder, is also present in Central-Eastern Europe. Further studies are needed to assess the frequency of this expansion in the Polish population with familial as well as sporadic ALS, FTD and the ALS-FTD complex disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Siuda
- Department of Neurology, Silesian Medical University, Katowice, Poland
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49
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Medway CW, Abdul-Hay S, Mims T, Ma L, Bisceglio G, Zou F, Pankratz S, Sando SB, Aasly JO, Barcikowska M, Siuda J, Wszolek ZK, Ross OA, Carrasquillo M, Dickson DW, Graff-Radford N, Petersen RC, Ertekin-Taner N, Morgan K, Bu G, Younkin SG. ApoE variant p.V236E is associated with markedly reduced risk of Alzheimer's disease. Mol Neurodegener 2014; 9:11. [PMID: 24607147 PMCID: PMC3995879 DOI: 10.1186/1750-1326-9-11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) of late-onset Alzheimer’s disease (LOAD) have identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) which show significant association at the well-known APOE locus and at nineteen additional loci. Among the functional, disease-associated variants at these loci, missense variants are particularly important because they can be readily investigated in model systems to search for novel therapeutic targets. It is now possible to perform a low-cost search for these “actionable” variants by genotyping the missense variants at known LOAD loci already cataloged on the Exome Variant Server (EVS). In this proof-of-principle study designed to explore the efficacy of this approach, we analyzed three rare EVS variants in APOE, p.L28P, p.R145C and p.V236E, in our case control series of 9114 subjects. p.R145C proved to be too rare to analyze effectively. The minor allele of p.L28P, which was in complete linkage disequilibrium (D’ = 1) with the far more common APOE ϵ4 allele, showed no association with LOAD (P = 0.75) independent of the APOE ϵ4 allele. p.V236E was significantly associated with a marked reduction in risk of LOAD (P = 7.5×10−05; OR = 0.10, 0.03 to 0.45). The minor allele of p.V236E, which was in complete linkage disequilibrium (D’ = 1) with the common APOE ϵ3 allele, identifies a novel LOAD-associated haplotype (APOE ϵ3b) which is associated with decreased risk of LOAD independent of the more abundant APOE ϵ2, ϵ3 and ϵ4 haplotypes. Follow-up studies will be important to confirm the significance of this association and to better define its odds ratio. The ApoE p.V236E substitution is the first disease-associated change located in the lipid-binding, C-terminal domain of the protein. Thus our study (i) identifies a novel APOE missense variant which may profitably be studied to better understand how ApoE function may be modified to reduce risk of LOAD and (ii) indicates that analysis of protein-altering variants cataloged on the EVS can be a cost-effective way to identify actionable functional variants at recently discovered LOAD loci.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Guojun Bu
- Department of Neuroscience, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA.
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50
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Siuda J, Gorzkowska A, Patalong-Ogiewa M, Krzystanek E, Czech E, Wiechuła B, Garczorz W, Danch A, Jasińska-Myga B, Opala G. From mild cognitive impairment to Alzheimer's disease - influence of homocysteine, vitamin B12 and folate on cognition over time: results from one-year follow-up. Neurol Neurochir Pol 2009; 43:321-329. [PMID: 19742390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE People with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) have higher risk of developing dementia than the general population. Currently known risk factors for dementia include older age, low education level, gait disorders, hippocampal atrophy, and apolipoprotein E allele. Vascular risk factors may modify the neurodegenerative process. The aim of this study was therefore to assess the influence of vascular (genetic and environmental) risk factors on progression to dementia in an MCI group during a one-year period. MATERIAL AND METHODS Fifty-five MCI patients (30 men and 25 women) and 44 controls (25 men and 19 women) matched for age, gender and education were studied. Mild cognitive impairment was diagnosed according to Petersen criteria (Mayo Clinic Group). Neuropsychological evaluation was made. Assessed vascular risk factors included hypertension, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cigarette smoking, hyperlipidaemia, hyperhomocysteinaemia with vitamin B12 and folate deficiency. Genetic risk factors (APOE polymorphism, C677T and A1298C MTHFR polymorphisms) were also assessed. RESULTS Vascular risk factors were found significantly more often in the MCI group (p = 0.041), including APOE4 allele (p = 0.018), hyperhomocysteinaemia (p = 0.012) and folate deficiency (p = 0.023). Discriminant function analysis showed that only age and hypertension are potential factors which may have an influence on progression to dementia in the MCI group within one year of prospective observation. CONCLUSION Vascular risk factors are associated with cognitive impairment but do not have a significant influence on progression to dementia in the MCI group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Siuda
- Katedra i Klinika Neurologii, SP Centralny Szpital Kliniczny SUM im. prof. K. Gibińskiego, ul.Medyków 14, 40-752 Katowice.
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