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Cho CH, Jung YS, Kim M, Kurniawati UD, Kim Y, Yim MJ, Lee DS, Je JY, Lee SH. Modulating intestinal health: Impact of chitooligosaccharide molecular weight on suppressing RAGE expression and inflammatory response in methylglyoxal-induced advanced glycation end-products. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 269:131927. [PMID: 38685538 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 04/07/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
The accumulation of methylglyoxal (MGO) produced in high-temperature processed foods and excessive production in the body contributes to intestinal barrier dysfunction. In this study, we investigated the effects of chitooligosaccharides (COSs) of different molecular weights (<1 kDa, 1-3 kDa, 3-5 kDa, 5-10 kDa, and >10 kDa) on MGO-induced intestinal barrier dysfunction. We investigated the effect of COSs on inhibiting intracellular MGO accumulation/MGO-derived AGEs production and regulating the receptor for AGE (RAGE)-mediated downstream protein expression, including proteins related to apoptosis and inflammation, intestinal barrier integrity, and paracellular permeability. Pretreatment with COSs ameliorated MGO-induced increased RAGE protein expression, activation of apoptotic cascade/inflammatory response, loss of intestinal epithelial barrier integrity, and increased paracellular permeability, ameliorating intestinal dysfunction through MGO scavenging. 1-3 kDa COSs most effectively ameliorated MGO-induced intestinal dysfunction. Our results suggest the potential of COSs in improving intestinal health by ameliorating intestinal barrier dysfunction by acting as an MGO scavenger and highlighting the need for the optimization of the molecular weight of COSs to optimize its protective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Heung Cho
- Division of Functional Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute, 245 nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Sung Jung
- Division of Functional Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute, 245 nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Mingyeong Kim
- Division of Functional Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute, 245 nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea; Department of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Ulfah Dwi Kurniawati
- Division of Functional Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute, 245 nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea; Department of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea
| | - Yongeun Kim
- Division of Functional Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute, 245 nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Jin Yim
- National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, Seocheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Dae-Sung Lee
- National Marine Biodiversity Institute of Korea, Seocheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae-Young Je
- Major of Human Bioconvergence, Division of Smart Healthcare, Pukyong National University, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Hoon Lee
- Division of Functional Food Research, Korea Food Research Institute, 245 nongsaengmyeong-ro, Iseo-myeon, Wanju-gun, Jeollabuk-do 55365, Republic of Korea; Department of Food Biotechnology, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon 34113, Republic of Korea.
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Li J, Zhang H, Liu W, Yang X, Zhu L, Wu G, Zhang H. Methylglyoxal scavenging capacity of fiber-bound polyphenols from highland barley during colonic fermentation and its modulation on methylglyoxal-interfered gut microbiota. Food Chem 2024; 434:137409. [PMID: 37699313 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023]
Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MGO) scavenging capacity of fiber-bound polyphenols from highland barley during colonic fermentation and its potential role in modulating MGO-induced detrimental effects on gut microbiota were studied. Results showed that only 25.3 % of polyphenols were released after 24 h of colonic fermentation. More than 45.5 % of MGO was scavenged by the residual fiber-bound polyphenols in the model system, showing a vital role in scavenging MGO in the colonic lumen compared to the released polyphenols. Moreover, MGO promoted the increase of gut pathogens (Escherichia-Shigella and Klebsiella) and inhibited the proliferation of Megasphaera, Bifidobacterium and Megamonas, as well as reduced short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) concentration. The addition of fiber-bound polyphenols of highland barley could effectively counteract MGO-induced detrimental consequences on gut microbiota and SCFAs production. These results demonstrate that fiber-bound polyphenols from highland barley can exert beneficial role through scavenging MGO and promises to be a functional ingredient to maintain colon heath.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxin Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- Lipid Technology and Engineering, School of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China
| | - Xijuan Yang
- Tibetan Plateau Key Laboratory of Agric-Product Processing, Qinghai University, Xining 810000, China
| | - Ling Zhu
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Gangcheng Wu
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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Zhang M, Huang C, Ou J, Liu F, Ou S, Zheng J. Glyoxal in Foods: Formation, Metabolism, Health Hazards, and Its Control Strategies. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2024; 72:2434-2450. [PMID: 38284798 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c08225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Glyoxal is a highly reactive aldehyde widely present in common diet and environment and inevitably generated through various metabolic pathways in vivo. Glyoxal is easily produced in diets high in carbohydrates and fats via the Maillard reaction, carbohydrate autoxidation, and lipid peroxidation, etc. This leads to dietary intake being a major source of exogenous exposure. Exposure to glyoxal has been positively associated with a number of metabolic diseases, such as diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, and Alzheimer's disease. It has been demonstrated that polyphenols, probiotics, hydrocolloids, and amino acids can reduce the content of glyoxal in foods via different mechanisms, thus reducing the risk of exogenous exposure to glyoxal and alleviating carbonyl stresses in the human body. This review discussed the formation and metabolism of glyoxal, its health hazards, and the strategies to reduce such health hazards. Future investigation of glyoxal from different perspectives is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mianzhang Zhang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, 510632 Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Caihuan Huang
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, 510632 Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Juanying Ou
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, 510632 Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Fu Liu
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, 510632 Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Shiyi Ou
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, 510632 Guangzhou, Guangdong China
- Guangzhou College of Technology and Business, 510580 Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Jie Zheng
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Jinan University, 510632 Guangzhou, Guangdong China
- Guangdong-Hong Kong Joint Innovation Platform for the Safety of Bakery Products, 510632 Guangzhou , China
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4
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Li J, Zhang H, Zhu L, Wu G, Zhang H. Influence of in vitro gastrointestinal digestion and colonic fermentation on carbonyl scavenging capacity of fiber-bound polyphenols from quinoa. Food Funct 2023; 14:10581-10590. [PMID: 37955444 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo03000h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Whole grain insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) is a good source of bound-form polyphenols. In the present study, insoluble dietary fiber rich in bound polyphenols (BP-IDF) from quinoa, rye and wheat was prepared. The carbonyl scavenging capacities of these three BP-IDFs and the effects of in vitro gastrointestinal (GI) digestion and colonic fermentation on their scavenging activities were studied. The results indicated that the fiber-bound polyphenols from quinoa showed the highest carbonyl scavenging capacity compared to those from rye and wheat. After colonic fermentation, more than 73% of the bound polyphenols were still retained in the fermented residues of the quinoa BP-IDF. The fiber-bound polyphenols in the GI-digested residues of quinoa retained considerable carbonyl scavenging activities. During the fermentation process, the residual fiber-bound polyphenols in the fermented residues still scavenged 35.8% to 45.2% of methylglyoxal, 19.3% to 25.4% of glyoxal, 50.7% to 60.5% of acrolein and 5.2% to 9.7% of malondialdehyde, showing a critical role in the scavenging of carbonyl compounds compared to the released and metabolized polyphenols. These findings confirm the capacity of fiber-bound polyphenols from three whole grains to scavenge carbonyls during in vitro digestion and fermentation processes, suggesting that they could be used as functional ingredients to maintain continuous defenses against carbonyls along the digestive tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinxin Li
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Hao Zhang
- Lipid Technology and Engineering, School of Food Science and Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Ling Zhu
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Gangcheng Wu
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
| | - Hui Zhang
- National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food, Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China.
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Studies on the Reaction of Dietary Methylglyoxal and Creatine during Simulated Gastrointestinal Digestion and in Human Volunteers. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14173598. [PMID: 36079854 PMCID: PMC9460645 DOI: 10.3390/nu14173598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The reactive 1,2-dicarbonyl compound methylglyoxal (MGO) is consumed with food and its concentrations decrease during digestion. In the present paper, the reaction of MGO with creatine, arginine, and lysine during simulated digestion, and its reaction with creatine during the digestion in human volunteers, was studied. Therefore, simulated digestion experiments with a gastric and an intestinal phase were performed. Additionally, an intervention study with 12 subjects consuming MGO-containing Manuka honey and creatine simultaneously or separately was conducted. Derivatization with o-phenylenediamine and HPLC–UV was used to measure MGO, while creatine and glycated amino compounds were analyzed via HPLC–MS/MS. We show that MGO quickly reacts with creatine and arginine, but not lysine, during simulated digestion. Creatine reacts with 56% of MGO to form the hydroimidazolone MG-HCr, and arginine reacted with 4% of MGO to form the hydroimidazolone MG-H1. In the intervention study, urinary MG-HCr excretion is higher in subjects who consumed MGO and creatine simultaneously compared to subjects who ingested the substances separately. This demonstrates that the 1,2-dicarbonyl compound MGO reacts with amino compounds during human digestion, and glycated adducts are formed. These contribute to dietary glycation products consumed, and should be considered in studies investigating their physiological consequences.
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Prantner D, Nallar S, Richard K, Spiegel D, Collins KD, Vogel SN. Classically activated mouse macrophages produce methylglyoxal that induces a TLR4- and RAGE-independent proinflammatory response. J Leukoc Biol 2021; 109:605-619. [PMID: 32678947 PMCID: PMC7855181 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3a0520-745rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The highly reactive compound methylglyoxal (MG) can cause direct damage to cells and tissues by reacting with cellular macromolecules. MG has been identified as a biomarker associated with increased sepsis-induced mortality. Patients undergoing septic shock have significantly elevated circulating MG levels compared to postoperative patients and healthy controls. Furthermore, MG has been implicated in the development of type II diabetes mellitus and Alzheimer's disease. Because MG is generated during glycolysis, we hypothesized that MG may be produced by classically activated (M1) macrophages, possibly contributing to the inflammatory response. LPS and IFN-γ-treated macrophages acquired an M1 phenotype (as evidenced by M1 markers and enhanced glycolysis) and formed MG adducts, MG-H1, MG-H2, and MG-H3, which were detected using antibodies specific for MG-modified proteins (methylglyoxal 5-hydro-5-methylimidazolones). MG adducts were also increased in the lungs of LPS-treated mice. Macrophages treated with LPS and IFN-γ also exhibited decreased expression of glyoxalase 1 (Glo1), an enzyme that metabolizes MG. Concentrations of exogenous, purified MG > 0.5 mM were toxic to macrophages; however, a nontoxic dose of 0.3 mM induced TNF-α and IL-1β, albeit to a lesser extent than LPS stimulation. Despite prior evidence that MG adducts may signal through "receptor for advanced glycation endproducts" (RAGE), MG-mediated cell death and cytokine induction by exogenous MG was RAGE-independent in primary macrophages. Finally, RAGE-deficient mice did not exhibit a significant survival advantage following lethal LPS injection. Overall, our evidence suggests that MG may be produced by M1 macrophages during sepsis, following IFN-γ-dependent down-regulation of Glo1, contributing to over-exuberant inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Prantner
- Dept. of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Shreeram Nallar
- Dept. of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - Katharina Richard
- Dept. of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
| | - David Spiegel
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, CT
| | - Kim D. Collins
- Dept. of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
- Institute of Marine and Environmental Technology (IMET), University of Maryland, Baltimore, Baltimore, MD
| | - Stefanie N. Vogel
- Dept. of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland, School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD
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7
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Hamzalıoğlu A, Gökmen V. Potential reactions of thermal process contaminants during digestion. Trends Food Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tifs.2020.10.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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8
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Cömert ED, Gökmen V. Effects of different cooking methods on methylglyoxal scavenging potential of meat under simulated gastrointestinal conditions. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2020.109833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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9
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Cömert ED, Gökmen V. Investigation of the methylglyoxal scavenging kinetics of different food matrices under simulated intestinal conditions. Eur Food Res Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-020-03589-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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10
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Ritter GS, Nikolin VP, Popova NA, Proskurina AS, Kisaretova PE, Taranov OS, Dubatolova TD, Dolgova EV, Potter EA, Kirikovich SS, Efremov YR, Bayborodin SI, Romanenko MV, Meschaninova MI, Venyaminova AG, Kolchanov NA, Shurdov MA, Bogachev SS. Characterization of biological peculiarities of the radioprotective activity of double-stranded RNA isolated from Saccharomyces сerevisiae. Int J Radiat Biol 2020; 96:1173-1191. [PMID: 32658564 DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2020.1793020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
THE PURPOSE OF THE ARTICLE Protection from ionizing radiation is the most important component in the curing malignant neoplasms, servicing atomic reactors, and resolving the situations associated with uncontrolled radioactive pollutions. In this regard, discovering new effective radioprotectors as well as novel principles of protecting living organisms from high-dose radiation is the most important factor, determining the new approaches in medical and technical usage of radiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS Experimental animals were irradiated on the γ-emitter (Cs137) with a dose of 9.4 Gy. Radioprotective properties of several agents (total RNA, single-stranded RNA, double-stranded RNA and B-190) were estimated by the survival/death rates of experimental animals within 30-90 d. Pathomorphological examination of internal organs end electron microscope assay was done on days 9-12 after irradiation. Cloning and other molecular procedures were performed accordingly to commonly accepted protocols. For assessment of the internalization of labeled nucleic acid, bone marrow cells were incubated with double-stranded RNA labeled with 6-FAM fluorescent dye. Cells with internalized double-stranded RNA were assayed using Axio Imager M1 microscope. In the other experiment, bone marrow cells after incubation with double-stranded RNA were stained with Cy5-labeled anti-CD34 antibodies and assayed using Axioskop 2 microscope. RESULTS In this study, several biological features of the radioprotective action of double-stranded RNA are characterized. It was shown that 160 µg of the double-stranded RNA per mouse protect experimental animals from the absolutely lethal dose of γ-radiation of 9.4 Gy. In different experiments, 80-100% of irradiated animals survive and live until their natural death. Radioprotective properties of double-stranded RNA were found to be independent on its sequence, but strictly dependent on its double-stranded form. Moreover, double-stranded RNA must have 'open' ends of the molecule to exert its radioprotective activity. CONCLUSIONS Experiments indicate that radioprotective effect of double-stranded RNA is tightly bound to its internalization into hematopoietic stem cells, which further repopulate the spleen parenchyma of irradiated mice. Actively proliferating progenitors form the splenic colonies, which further serve as the basis for restoration of hematopoiesis and immune function and determine the survival of animals received the lethal dose of radiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genrikh S Ritter
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Valeriy P Nikolin
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Nelly A Popova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Anastasia S Proskurina
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Polina E Kisaretova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Oleg S Taranov
- State Research Center of Virology and Biotechnology "Vector", Koltsovo, Russia
| | - Tatiana D Dubatolova
- Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Evgenia V Dolgova
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Ekaterina A Potter
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Svetlana S Kirikovich
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Yaroslav R Efremov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Sergey I Bayborodin
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia.,Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | | | - Maria I Meschaninova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Aliya G Venyaminova
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | - Nikolay A Kolchanov
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
| | | | - Sergey S Bogachev
- Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
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Zimmermann C, Schild M, Kunz C, Zimmermann K, Kuntz S. Effects of Live and Heat-Inactivated E. coli Strains and Their Supernatants on Immune Regulation in HT-29 Cells. Eur J Microbiol Immunol (Bp) 2018; 8:41-46. [PMID: 29997910 PMCID: PMC6038535 DOI: 10.1556/1886.2018.00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Probiotics are considered to have a beneficial impact on humans, but in some cases, administration of live microorganisms might be risky. In the present study, immunomodulatory effects of different Escherichia coli strains and their super-natants were examined under different inflammatory conditions with living and heat-inactivated strains. HT-29 cells were incubated with E. coli strains (S2-G1, S2-G3, S2-G4 and S2-G8) and their supernatants with or without stimulation with tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) or interleukin (IL)-1β. Quantification of IL-8 secretion and gene expression was performed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). IL-8 secretion by TNF-α- and IL-1β-stimulated cells was attenuated by all four live strains. In contrast, heat inactivation resulted in an elevated IL-8 expression and secretion in unstimulated cells and did not maintain the anti-inflammatory effect of live bacteria in cytokine-stimulated cells. The supernatant of the live S2-G3 led to an elevated IL-8 secretion in unstimulated and IL-1β-stimulated cells but not in TNF-α-stimulated cells. Live bacteria of all strains might induce an immunosuppressive effect after stimulation of HT-29 cells, whereas heat inactivation and the supernatant seem to induce an elevated immune response. These findings might have an impact depending on the indication and purpose of administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Zimmermann
- Institute of Nutritional Science, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Wilhelmstrasse 20, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Marius Schild
- Institute of Nutritional Science, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Wilhelmstrasse 20, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Clemens Kunz
- Institute of Nutritional Science, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Wilhelmstrasse 20, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Kurt Zimmermann
- SymbioPharm GmbH, Auf den Lueppen 10, D-35745 Herborn, Germany
| | - Sabine Kuntz
- Institute of Nutritional Science, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Wilhelmstrasse 20, D-35392 Giessen, Germany
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12
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Roberts DD, Kaur S, Isenberg JS. Regulation of Cellular Redox Signaling by Matricellular Proteins in Vascular Biology, Immunology, and Cancer. Antioxid Redox Signal 2017; 27:874-911. [PMID: 28712304 PMCID: PMC5653149 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2017.7140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Revised: 07/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE In contrast to structural elements of the extracellular matrix, matricellular proteins appear transiently during development and injury responses, but their sustained expression can contribute to chronic disease. Through interactions with other matrix components and specific cell surface receptors, matricellular proteins regulate multiple signaling pathways, including those mediated by reactive oxygen and nitrogen species and H2S. Dysregulation of matricellular proteins contributes to the pathogenesis of vascular diseases and cancer. Defining the molecular mechanisms and receptors involved is revealing new therapeutic opportunities. Recent Advances: Thrombospondin-1 (TSP1) regulates NO, H2S, and superoxide production and signaling in several cell types. The TSP1 receptor CD47 plays a central role in inhibition of NO signaling, but other TSP1 receptors also modulate redox signaling. The matricellular protein CCN1 engages some of the same receptors to regulate redox signaling, and ADAMTS1 regulates NO signaling in Marfan syndrome. In addition to mediating matricellular protein signaling, redox signaling is emerging as an important pathway that controls the expression of several matricellular proteins. CRITICAL ISSUES Redox signaling remains unexplored for many matricellular proteins. Their interactions with multiple cellular receptors remains an obstacle to defining signaling mechanisms, but improved transgenic models could overcome this barrier. FUTURE DIRECTIONS Therapeutics targeting the TSP1 receptor CD47 may have beneficial effects for treating cardiovascular disease and cancer and have recently entered clinical trials. Biomarkers are needed to assess their effects on redox signaling in patients and to evaluate how these contribute to their therapeutic efficacy and potential side effects. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 27, 874-911.
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Affiliation(s)
- David D. Roberts
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Sukhbir Kaur
- Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland
| | - Jeffrey S. Isenberg
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, Heart, Lung, Blood and Vascular Medicine Institute, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
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Lawrence GD, Rahmat R, Makahleh A, Saad B. Liquid Chromatographic Analysis of α-Dicarbonyls Using Girard-T Reagent Derivatives. J Chromatogr Sci 2017; 55:1043-1050. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmx073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
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14
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Kosmachevskaya OV, Shumaev KB, Topunov AF. Signal and regulatory effects of methylglyoxal in eukaryotic cells (review). APPL BIOCHEM MICRO+ 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s0003683817030103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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15
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Nass N, Sel S, Ignatov A, Roessner A, Kalinski T. Oxidative stress and glyoxalase I activity mediate dicarbonyl toxicity in MCF-7 mamma carcinoma cells and a tamoxifen resistant derivative. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2016; 1860:1272-80. [PMID: 26971627 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2016.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2016] [Accepted: 03/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acquired tamoxifen resistance is a significant problem in estrogen receptor positive breast cancer. In a cellular model, tamoxifen resistance was associated with increased sensitivity towards toxic dicarbonyls and reduced free sulfhydryl group content. We here analyzed the role of oxidative stress and glyoxalase I activity on dicarbonyl resistance and the significance of glyoxalase I expression for survival. METHODS Reactive oxygen species were determined by 2,7-dihydrochlorofluorescein diacetate. Inhibitors for NADPH-oxidase (diphenyleneiodonium), p38 MAPK (SB203580) and ERK1/2 (UO126) were applied to investigate interactions of these signaling molecules. N-acetyl cysteine was used to evaluate the effect of oxidative stress on cell viability, which was assessed by the resazurin assay. Gene expression was analyzed by real time qRT-PCR. Glyoxalase activity was inhibited by the specific inhibitor CS-0683 and siRNA. The relevance of glyoxalase 1 mRNA abundance on survival of breast cancer patients was evaluated by the KM-plotter web interface. RESULTS α-Oxo-aldehydes caused an immediate increase in reactive oxygen species where the tamoxifen resistant cell line (TamR) responded at lower concentrations than the MCF-7 parental cell line. Inhibitor studies placed ROS production by NADPH-oxidase downstream of p38 MAPK. The antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) increased survival, whereas glyoxalase (GLO1) inhibition increased dicarbonyl toxicity. GLO1 mRNA abundance was correlated with unfavorable prognosis of breast cancer patients. CONCLUSIONS Dicarbonyl toxicity was mediated by oxidative stress and GLO1 activity determines aldehyde toxicity in tamoxifen resistant cells. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE Glyoxalases might be predictive biomarkers for tamoxifen resistance and a putative target for the treatment of tamoxifen resistant breast cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norbert Nass
- Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Department of Pathology, Leipziger Str. 44, House 28, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
| | - Saadettin Sel
- University of Heidelberg, Department of Ophthalmology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Atanas Ignatov
- Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gerhart-Hauptmann Str. 35, 39108 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Albert Roessner
- Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Department of Pathology, Leipziger Str. 44, House 28, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Kalinski
- Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Department of Pathology, Leipziger Str. 44, House 28, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany
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Qadri SM, Su Y, Cayabyab FS, Liu L. Endothelial Na+/H+ exchanger NHE1 participates in redox-sensitive leukocyte recruitment triggered by methylglyoxal. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2014; 13:134. [PMID: 25270604 PMCID: PMC4193979 DOI: 10.1186/s12933-014-0134-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2014] [Accepted: 09/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Excessive levels of methylglyoxal (MG) encountered in diabetes foster enhanced leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions, mechanisms of which are incompletely understood. MG genomically upregulates endothelial serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 1 (SGK1) which orchestrates leukocyte recruitment by regulating the activation and expression of transcription factors and adhesion molecules. SGK1 regulates a myriad of ion channels and carriers including the Na+/H+ exchanger NHE1. Here, we explored the effect of MG on SGK1-dependent NHE1 activation and the putative role of NHE1 activation in MG-induced leukocyte recruitment and microvascular hyperpermeability. Methods Using RT-PCR and immunoblotting, we analyzed NHE1 mRNA and protein levels in murine microvascular SVEC4-10EE2 endothelial cells (EE2 ECs). NHE1 phosphorylation was detected using a specific antibody against the 14-3-3 binding motif at phospho-Ser703. SGK in EE2 ECs was silenced using targeted siRNA. ROS production was determined using DCF-dependent fluorescence. Leukocyte recruitment and microvascular permeability in murine cremasteric microvasculature were measured using intravital microscopy. The expression of endothelial adhesion molecules was determined by immunoblotting and confocal imaging analysis. Results MG treatment significantly upregulated NHE1 mRNA and dose-dependently increased total- and phospho-NHE1. Treatment with SGK1 inhibitor GSK650394, antioxidant Tempol and silencing SGK all blunted MG-triggered phospho-NHE1 upregulation in EE2 ECs. NHE1 inhibitor cariporide attenuated MG-triggered ROS production, leukocyte adhesion and emigration and microvascular hyperpermeability, without affecting leukocyte rolling. Cariporide treatment did not alter MG-triggered upregulation of P- and E-selectins, but reduced endothelial ICAM-1 expression. Conclusion MG elicits SGK1-dependent activation of endothelial Na+/H+ exchanger NHE1 which participates in MG-induced ROS production, upregulation of endothelial ICAM-1, leukocyte recruitment and microvascular hyperpermeability. Pharmacological inhibition of NHE1 attenuates the proinflammatory effects of excessive MG and may, thus, be beneficial in diabetes-associated inflammation.
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Su Y, Qadri SM, Cayabyab FS, Wu L, Liu L. Regulation of methylglyoxal-elicited leukocyte recruitment by endothelial SGK1/GSK3 signaling. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2014; 1843:2481-91. [PMID: 25003317 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2014.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2014] [Revised: 06/13/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Excessive levels of the glycolysis metabolite methylglyoxal (MG) elicit enhanced expression of adhesion molecules which foster leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions. The signaling mechanisms involved remain elusive. To address this, we investigated the signal transduction of leukocyte- and endothelial-expressed phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) effector kinases glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) and serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase 1 (SGK1) in the regulation of MG-elicited leukocyte recruitment. Using intravital microscopy of mouse cremasteric microvasculature, we demonstrate that GSK3 inhibitors lithium and SB216763 mitigate MG-elicited leukocyte recruitment and microvascular hyperpermeability. In SVEC4-10EE2 endothelial cells, but not in neutrophils, MG transiently activates GSK3 by reducing inhibitory phospho-GSK3α/β (Ser21/9) which parallels decrease of phospho-Akt at early time points (<30min). At later time points (≥1h), MG induces GSK3 deactivation which is dissipated by siRNA silencing of SGK. MG treatment potentiates endothelial SGK1 mRNA, total SGK1, phospho-SGK1 and phospho-NDRG1. The SGK1 inhibitor GSK650394 attenuates MG-elicited leukocyte recruitment. Pharmacological inhibition or silencing endothelial GSK3 or SGK attenuates MG-triggered nuclear factor (NF)-κB activity. Furthermore, silencing SGK blunts MG-triggered redox-sensitive phosphorylation of endothelial transcription factor CREB. Inhibition of SGK1 or GSK3 mitigates the expression of endothelial adhesion molecules P- and E-selectins and ICAM-1. Moreover, SGK1-dependent CREB activation participates in MG-elicited ICAM-1 upregulation. We conclude that temporal activation of endothelial SGK1 and GSK3 is decisive in MG-elicited upregulation of transcription factors, adhesion molecule expression, and leukocyte-vascular endothelium interactions. This novel signaling pathway may link excessive MG levels in vivo to inflammation, thus, unraveling potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Su
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Syed M Qadri
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Francisco S Cayabyab
- Department of Physiology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Lingyun Wu
- Department of Health Sciences, Lakehead University, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada; Thunder Bay Regional Research Institute, Thunder Bay, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lixin Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada.
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Nass N, Brömme HJ, Hartig R, Korkmaz S, Sel S, Hirche F, Ward A, Simm A, Wiemann S, Lykkesfeldt AE, Roessner A, Kalinski T. Differential response to α-oxoaldehydes in tamoxifen resistant MCF-7 breast cancer cells. PLoS One 2014; 9:e101473. [PMID: 24983248 PMCID: PMC4077828 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0101473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2013] [Accepted: 06/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Tamoxifen is the standard adjuvant endocrine therapy for estrogen-receptor positive premenopausal breast cancer patients. However, tamoxifen resistance is frequently observed under therapy. A tamoxifen resistant cell line has been generated from the estrogen receptor positive mamma carcinoma cell line MCF-7 and was analyzed for putative differences in the aldehyde defence system and accumulation of advanced glycation end products (AGE). In comparison to wt MCF-7 cells, these tamoxifen resistant cells were more sensitive to the dicarbonyl compounds glyoxal and methylglyoxal and displayed increased caspase activity, p38-MAPK- and IκBα-phosphorylation. However, mRNA accumulation of the aldehyde- and AGE-defence enzymes glyoxalase-1 and -2 (GLO1, GLO2) as well as fructosamine-3-kinase (FN3K) was not significantly altered. Tamoxifen resistant cells contained less free sulfhydryl-groups (glutathione) suggesting that the increased sensitivity towards the dicarbonyls was due to a higher sensitivity towards reactive oxygen species which are associated with dicarbonyl stress. To further analyse, if these data are of more general importance, key experiments were replicated with tamoxifen resistant MCF-7 cell lines from two independent sources. These cell lines were also more sensitive to aldehydes, especially glyoxal, but were different in their cellular signalling responses to the aldehydes. In conclusion, glyoxalases and other aldehyde defence enzymes might represent a promising target for the therapy of tamoxifen resistant breast cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norbert Nass
- Department of Pathology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Hans-Jürgen Brömme
- Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Centre for Basic Medical Research (ZMG), Halle, Germany
| | - Roland Hartig
- Otto-von-Guericke-University Medical Faculty, Multidimensional Microscopy and Cellular Diagnostics, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Sevil Korkmaz
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Saadettin Sel
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Frank Hirche
- Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Institute of Agricultural and Nutritional Sciences, Halle/Saale, Germany
| | - Aoife Ward
- German Cancer Research Center DKFZ, Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Simm
- Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Centre for Basic Medical Research (ZMG), Halle, Germany
| | - Stefan Wiemann
- German Cancer Research Center DKFZ, Division of Molecular Genome Analysis, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Anne E. Lykkesfeldt
- Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Breast Cancer Group, Cell Death and Metabolism, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Albert Roessner
- Department of Pathology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Kalinski
- Department of Pathology, Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg, Magdeburg, Germany
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Shin MJ, Kim DW, Lee YP, Ahn EH, Jo HS, Kim DS, Kwon OS, Kang TC, Cho YJ, Park J, Eum WS, Choi SY. Tat-glyoxalase protein inhibits against ischemic neuronal cell damage and ameliorates ischemic injury. Free Radic Biol Med 2014; 67:195-210. [PMID: 24252591 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2013.10.815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2013] [Revised: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/18/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MG), a metabolite of glucose, is the major precursor of protein glycation and induces apoptosis. MG is associated with neurodegeneration, including oxidative stress and impaired glucose metabolism, and is efficiently metabolized to S-D-lactoylglutathione by glyoxalase (GLO). Although GLO has been implicated as being crucial in various diseases including ischemia, its detailed functions remain unclear. Therefore, we investigated the protective effect of GLO (GLO1 and GLO2) in neuronal cells and an animal ischemia model using Tat-GLO proteins. Purified Tat-GLO protein efficiently transduced into HT-22 neuronal cells and protected cells against MG- and H2O2-induced cell death, DNA fragmentation, and activation of caspase-3 and mitogen-activated protein kinase. In addition, transduced Tat-GLO protein increased D-lactate in MG- and H2O2-treated cells whereas glycation end products (AGE) and MG levels were significantly reduced in the same cells. Gerbils treated with Tat-GLO proteins displayed delayed neuronal cell death in the CA1 region of the hippocampus compared with a control. Furthermore, the combined neuroprotective effects of Tat-GLO1 and Tat-GLO2 proteins against ischemic damage were significantly higher than those of each individual protein. Those results demonstrate that transduced Tat-GLO protein protects neuronal cells by inhibiting MG- and H2O2-mediated cytotoxicity in vitro and in vivo. Therefore, we suggest that Tat-GLO proteins could be useful as a therapeutic agent for various human diseases related to oxidative stress including brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Jea Shin
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chunchon 200-702, Korea
| | - Dae Won Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Research Institute of Oral Sciences, College of Dentistry, Kangnung-Wonju National University, Gangneung 210-702, Korea
| | - Yeom Pyo Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chunchon 200-702, Korea
| | - Eun Hee Ahn
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chunchon 200-702, Korea
| | - Hyo Sang Jo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chunchon 200-702, Korea
| | - Duk-Soo Kim
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan-si 330-090, Korea
| | - Oh-Shin Kwon
- School of Life Sciences, College of Natural Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Taegu 702-702, Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Cheon Kang
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chunchon, Kangwon-Do 200-702, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong-Jun Cho
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chunchon, Kangwon-Do 200-702, Republic of Korea
| | - Jinseu Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chunchon 200-702, Korea
| | - Won Sik Eum
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chunchon 200-702, Korea.
| | - Soo Young Choi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Hallym University, Chunchon 200-702, Korea.
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Vidal N, Cavaille J, Graziani F, Robin M, Ouari O, Pietri S, Stocker P. High throughput assay for evaluation of reactive carbonyl scavenging capacity. Redox Biol 2014; 2:590-8. [PMID: 24688895 PMCID: PMC3969608 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2014.01.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2013] [Revised: 01/16/2014] [Accepted: 01/20/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Many carbonyl species from either lipid peroxidation or glycoxidation are extremely reactive and can disrupt the function of proteins and enzymes. 4-hydroxynonenal and methylglyoxal are the most abundant and toxic lipid-derived reactive carbonyl species. The presence of these toxics leads to carbonyl stress and cause a significant amount of macromolecular damages in several diseases. Much evidence indicates trapping of reactive carbonyl intermediates may be a useful strategy for inhibiting or decreasing carbonyl stress-associated pathologies. There is no rapid and convenient analytical method available for the assessment of direct carbonyl scavenging capacity, and a very limited number of carbonyl scavengers have been identified to date, their therapeutic potential being highlighted only recently. In this context, we have developed a new and rapid sensitive fluorimetric method for the assessment of reactive carbonyl scavengers without involvement glycoxidation systems. Efficacy of various thiol- and non-thiol-carbonyl scavenger pharmacophores was tested both using this screening assay adapted to 96-well microplates and in cultured cells. The scavenging effects on the formation of Advanced Glycation End-product of Bovine Serum Albumin formed with methylglyoxal, 4-hydroxynonenal and glucose-glycated as molecular models were also examined. Low molecular mass thiols with an α-amino-β-mercaptoethane structure showed the highest degree of inhibitory activity toward both α,β-unsaturated aldehydes and dicarbonyls. Cysteine and cysteamine have the best scavenging ability toward methylglyoxal. WR-1065 which is currently approved for clinical use as a protective agent against radiation and renal toxicity was identified as the best inhibitor of 4-hydroxynonenal. We describe a rapid method for assessment of reactive carbonyl scavengers. We evaluated the carbonyl scavenger activity of various pharmacophores. α-amino-β-mercaptoethane structure showed the highest degree of activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Vidal
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, ICR UMR 7273, 13397, Marseille, France
| | - J.P. Cavaille
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, ICR UMR 7273, 13397, Marseille, France
| | - F. Graziani
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, ISM2 UMR 7313, 13397, Marseille, France
| | - M. Robin
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, ICR UMR 7273, 13397, Marseille, France
| | - O. Ouari
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, ICR UMR 7273, 13397, Marseille, France
| | - S. Pietri
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, ICR UMR 7273, 13397, Marseille, France
| | - P. Stocker
- Aix Marseille Université, CNRS, ICR UMR 7273, 13397, Marseille, France
- Corresponding author. Tel.: +33 4 91 28 87 92; fax: +33 4 91 28 87 58.
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Su Y, Qadri SM, Hossain M, Wu L, Liu L. Uncoupling of eNOS contributes to redox-sensitive leukocyte recruitment and microvascular leakage elicited by methylglyoxal. Biochem Pharmacol 2013; 86:1762-74. [PMID: 24144633 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2013.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2013] [Revised: 10/10/2013] [Accepted: 10/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Elevated levels of the glycolysis metabolite methylglyoxal (MG) have been implicated in impaired leukocyte-endothelial interactions and vascular complications in diabetes, putative mechanisms of which remain elusive. Uncoupling of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) was shown to be involved in endothelial dysfunction in diabetes. Whether MG contributes to these effects has not been elucidated. By using intravital microscopy in vivo, we demonstrate that MG-triggered reduction in leukocyte rolling velocity and increases in rolling flux, adhesion, emigration and microvascular permeability were significantly abated by scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS). In murine cremaster muscle, MG treatment reduced tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4)/total biopterin ratio, increased arginase expression and stimulated ROS and superoxide production. The latter was significantly blunted by ROS scavengers Tempol (300μM) or MnTBAP (300μM), by BH4 supplementation (100μM) or by NOS inhibitor N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME; 20μM). In these tissues and cultured murine and human primary endothelial cells, MG increased eNOS monomerization and decreased BH4/total biopterin ratio, effects that were significantly mitigated by supplementation of BH4 or its precursor sepiapterin but not by L-NAME or tetrahydroneopterin, indicative of MG-triggered eNOS uncoupling. MG treatment further decreased the expression of guanosine triphosphate cyclohydrolase I in murine primary endothelial cells. MG-induced leukocyte recruitment was significantly attenuated by supplementation of BH4 or sepiapterin or suppression of superoxide by L-NAME confirming the role of eNOS uncoupling in MG-elicited leukocyte recruitment. Together, our study uncovers eNOS uncoupling as a pivotal mechanism in MG-induced oxidative stress, microvascular hyperpermeability and leukocyte recruitment in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Su
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada S7N 5E5
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Su Y, Qadri SM, Wu L, Liu L. Methylglyoxal modulates endothelial nitric oxide synthase-associated functions in EA.hy926 endothelial cells. Cardiovasc Diabetol 2013; 12:134. [PMID: 24050620 PMCID: PMC4015749 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2840-12-134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Accepted: 09/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increased levels of the sugar metabolite methylglyoxal (MG) in vivo were shown to participate in the pathophysiology of vascular complications in diabetes. Alterations of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) activity by hypophosphorylation of the enzyme and enhanced monomerization are found in the diabetic milieu, and the regulation of this still remains undefined. Using various pharmacological approaches, we elucidate putative mechanisms by which MG modulates eNOS-associated functions of MG-stimulated superoxide O₂•⁻ production, phosphorylation status and eNOS uncoupling in EA.hy926 human endothelial cells. METHODS In cultured EA.hy926 endothelial cells, the effects of MG treatment, tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4; 100 μM) and sepiapterin (20 μM) supplementation, NOS inhibition by N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME; 50 μM), and inhibition of peroxynitrite (ONOO⁻) formation (300 μM Tempol plus 50 μM L-NAME) on eNOS dimer/monomer ratios, Ser-1177 eNOS phosphorylation and 3-nitrotyrosine (3NT) abundance were quantified using immunoblotting. O₂•⁻-dependent fluorescence was determined using a commercially available kit and tissue biopterin levels were measured by fluorometric HPLC analysis. RESULTS In EA.hy926 cells, MG treatment significantly enhanced O₂•⁻ generation and 3NT expression and reduced Ser-1177 eNOS phosphorylation, eNOS dimer/monomer ratio and cellular biopterin levels indicative of eNOS uncoupling. These effects were significantly mitigated by administration of BH4, sepiapterin and suppression of ONOO⁻ formation. L-NAME treatment significantly blunted eNOS-derived O₂•⁻ generation but did not modify eNOS phosphorylation or monomerization. CONCLUSION MG triggers eNOS uncoupling and hypophosphorylation in EA.hy926 endothelial cells associated with O₂•⁻ generation and biopterin depletion. The observed effects of the glycolysis metabolite MG presumably account, at least in part, for endothelial dysfunction in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Su
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Syed M Qadri
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Lingyun Wu
- Department of Health Sciences, Lakehead University and Thunder Bay Regional Research Institute, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada
| | - Lixin Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 107 Wiggins Road, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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Daglia M, Amoroso A, Rossi D, Mascherpa D, Maga G. Identification and quantification of α-dicarbonyl compounds in balsamic and traditional balsamic vinegars and their cytotoxicity against human cells. J Food Compost Anal 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2013.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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Amoroso A, Maga G, Daglia M. Cytotoxicity of α-dicarbonyl compounds submitted to in vitro simulated digestion process. Food Chem 2012; 140:654-9. [PMID: 23692749 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2012.10.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2012] [Revised: 10/01/2012] [Accepted: 10/22/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
α-Dicarbonyl compounds (α-DCs), such as glyoxal, methylglyoxal and 2,3-butanedione, are highly reactive substances occurring in thermally treated and fermented foods, that may react with amino and sulphydryl groups of side chains of proteins to form Maillard reaction end products, inducing a negative impact on the digestibility and on nutritional value of protein. In recent years the role of food derived α-DCs in gastroduodenal tract is under investigation to understand whether excess consumption of such dietary compounds might be a risk for human health. In this study the interactions between a mixture of glyoxal, methylglyoxal and 2,3-butanedione and the digestive enzymes (pepsin and pancreatin) were studied. The results showed that during gastroduodenal digestion α-DCs react with digestive enzymes to produce carbonylated proteins. Moreover, undigested and digested α-DC cytotoxicity against human cells, as well as their ability to inhibit the function of human enzymes responsible for DNA repair were shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Amoroso
- Institute of Molecular Genetics, IGM-CNR, via Abbiategrasso 207, 27100 Pavia, Italy
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Su Y, Lei X, Wu L, Liu L. The role of endothelial cell adhesion molecules P-selectin, E-selectin and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 in leucocyte recruitment induced by exogenous methylglyoxal. Immunology 2012; 137:65-79. [PMID: 22681228 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2567.2012.03608.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Methylglyoxal (MG) is a reactive dicarbonyl metabolite formed during glucose, protein and fatty acid metabolism. In hyperglycaemic conditions, increased MG level has been linked to the development of diabetes and its vascular complications at the macrovascular and microvascular levels where inflammation plays a role. To study the mechanism of MG-induced inflammation in vivo, we applied MG locally to healthy mice and used intravital microscopy to investigate the role of endothelial cell adhesion molecules in MG-induced leucocyte recruitment in cremasteric microvasculature. Administration of MG (25 and 50 mg/kg) to the tissue dose-dependently induced leucocyte recruitment at 4.0-5.5 hr, with 84-92% recruited cells being neutrophils. Such MG treatment up-regulated the expression of endothelial cell adhesion molecules P-selectin, E-selectin, intercellular adhesion molecule-1, but not vascular cell adhesion molecule-1. Activation of the nuclear factor-κB signalling pathway contributed to MG-induced up-regulation of these adhesion molecules and leucocyte recruitment. The role of the up-regulated endothelial cell adhesion molecules in MG-induced leucocyte recruitment was determined by applying specific functional blocking antibodies to MG-treated animals and observing changes in leucocyte recruitment parameters. Our data demonstrate that the up-regulation of P-selectin, E-selectin and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 contributes to the increased leucocyte rolling flux, reduced leucocyte rolling velocity, and increased leucocyte adhesion, respectively. Our results reveal the role of endothelial cell adhesion molecules in MG-induced leucocyte recruitment in microvasculature, an inflammatory condition related to diabetic vascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Su
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
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Liu HT, Huang P, Ma P, Liu QS, Yu C, Du YG. Chitosan oligosaccharides suppress LPS-induced IL-8 expression in human umbilical vein endothelial cells through blockade of p38 and Akt protein kinases. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2011; 32:478-86. [PMID: 21468084 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2011.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate whether and how COS inhibited IL-8 production in LPS-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). METHODS RT-PCR, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISA) and Western blotting were used to study IL-8 expression and related signaling pathway. Wound healing migration assays and monocytic cell adhesion analysis were used to explore the chemotactic and adhesive activities of HUVECs. RESULTS COS 50-200 μg/mL exerted a significant inhibitory effect on LPS 100 ng/mL-induced IL-8 expression in HUVECs at both the transcriptional and translational levels. In addition, COS 50-200 μg/mL inhibited LPS-induced HUVEC migration and U937 monocyte adhesion to HUVECs in a concentration-dependent manner. Signal transduction studies suggest that COS blocked LPS-induced activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and activator protein-1 (AP-1) as well as phosphorylation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphokinase Akt. Further, the over-expression of LPS-induced IL-8 mRNA in HUVECs was suppressed by a p38 MAPK inhibitor (SB203580, 25 μmol/L) or a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor (LY294002, 50 μmol/L). CONCLUSION COS inhibited LPS-induced IL-8 expression in HUVECs through the blockade of the p38 MAPK and PI3K/Akt signaling pathways.
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