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Wang J, Wang Y, Chen Z, Liu B, Wang W, Li Y. Study on the mechanism of Shugan Lidan Xiaoshi granule in preventing acute pancreatitis based on network pharmacology and molecular docking. Heliyon 2024; 10:e27365. [PMID: 38486764 PMCID: PMC10938120 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Shugan Lidan Xiaoshi granules (SLXG) is a herbal granule formulation developed by extensively modifying multiple traditional Chinese medicine compound prescriptions known for their ability to dissolve stones. It is primarily used for the prevention and treatment of cholelithiasis and possesses significant therapeutic potential in both preventing and treating acute pancreatitis. However, the preventive effects of SLXG on cholelithiasis-related complications, such as acute pancreatitis (AP), have been inadequately researched. Methods TCMSP database was searched to identify the active components and targets of SLXG's action. The disease gene databases (GeneCards, OMMI, PharmGKB, DrugBank) were used to retrieve the targets associated with AP. A TCM ingredient target network was then constructed by using the intersection of these two datasets. The overlapping targets underwent network analyses, including Gene Ontology (GO), Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG)and Protein-Protein Interaction (PPI) analyses. Molecular docking was performed to examine the interaction patterns between the active ingredients and central targets. Results A "Traditional Chinese Medicine-Component-Target" complex network consisting of 10 traditional Chinese medicines, 114 compounds, and 164 targets was constructed. GO and KEGG analysis showed that SLXG has the potential to regulate the response of oxygen-containing compounds, apoptosis, and inflammatory factors. Nine central genes were identified by the PPI network and subnetwork. IL6 was chosen as the most significant gene for molecular docking. The three active compounds of SLXG: quercetin, luteolin, and paeoniflorin, along with the active site of IL6 have a good binding ability and thus play a preventive role in AP. Conclusion This study provides evidence of the effective preventive role of SLXG against AP, as indicated by bioinformatics analysis. The preventive effect of SLXG is attributed to its multi-component, multi-target, and multi-pathway mechanisms. This finding provides a solid foundation for future research on the clinical application and mechanism of action of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxing Wang
- Department of Interventional Medicine and Microinvasive Oncology, The Second Hospital, Cheello College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Institute of Interventional Oncology, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Department of Interventional Medicine and Microinvasive Oncology, The Second Hospital, Cheello College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Institute of Interventional Oncology, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Zitong Chen
- Department of Interventional Medicine and Microinvasive Oncology, The Second Hospital, Cheello College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Institute of Interventional Oncology, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Bin Liu
- Department of Interventional Medicine and Microinvasive Oncology, The Second Hospital, Cheello College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Institute of Interventional Oncology, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Wujie Wang
- Department of Interventional Medicine and Microinvasive Oncology, The Second Hospital, Cheello College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Institute of Interventional Oncology, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yuliang Li
- Department of Interventional Medicine and Microinvasive Oncology, The Second Hospital, Cheello College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, China
- Institute of Interventional Oncology, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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Oh J, Cho JY, Kim D. Hyptis obtusiflora C. Presl ex Benth Methanolic Extract Exhibits Anti-Inflammatory and Anti-Gastritis Activities via Suppressing AKT/NF-κB Pathway. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1146. [PMID: 36904006 PMCID: PMC10005599 DOI: 10.3390/plants12051146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is an indispensable part of the human body's self-defense mechanism against external stimuli. The interactions between Toll-like receptors and microbial components trigger the innate immune system via NF-κB signaling, which regulates the overall cell signaling including inflammatory responses and immune modulations. The anti-inflammatory effects of Hyptis obtusiflora C. Presl ex Benth, which has been used as a home remedy for gastrointestinal disorders and skin disease in rural areas of Latin America, have not yet been studied. Here, we investigate the medicinal properties of Hyptis obtusiflora C. Presl ex Benth methanol extract (Ho-ME) for inflammatory response suppression. Nitric oxide secretion in RAW264.7 cells triggered by TLR2, 3, or 4 agonists was reduced by Ho-ME. Reduction of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, and interleukin (IL)-1b mRNA expression was observed. Decreased transcriptional activity in TRIF- and MyD88-overexpressing HEK293T cells was detected with a luciferase assay. Additionally, serially downregulated phosphorylation of kinase in the NF-κB pathway by Ho-ME was discovered in lipopolysaccharide-treated RAW264.7 cells. Together with the overexpression of its constructs, AKT was identified as a target protein of Ho-ME, and its binding domains were reaffirmed. Moreover, Ho-ME exerted gastroprotective effects in an acute gastritis mouse model generated by the administration of HCl and EtOH. In conclusion, Ho-ME downregulates inflammation via AKT targeting in the NF-κB pathway, and the combined results support Hyptis obtusiflora as a new candidate anti-inflammatory drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieun Oh
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Daewon Kim
- Laboratory of Bio-Informatics, Department of Multimedia Engineering, Dankook University, Yongin 16890, Republic of Korea
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Yi J, Che H, Ren J, Yu H, Song K, Wang X, Zhao X, Wang X, Li Q. Insights into the interaction of cyclooxygenase and lipoxygenase with natural compound 3,4',5,7-Tetrahydroxyflavone based on multi-spectroscopic and metabolomics. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 284:121800. [PMID: 36067623 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.121800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Hypoxia induce right ventricular dysfunction in human heart, but the molecular mechanism remains limited. As known, cyclooxygenases (COX) and lipoxygenases (LOX) play a key role in the cardiovascular system under hypoxia. 3,4',5,7-Tetrahydroxyflavone (THF), which widely exists in a variety of plants and vegetables, is famous for good ability to relieve cardiac injury, but the mechanism remains to be further understood. In this study, we firstly estimated the preventive role of THF against hypoxia-induced right ventricular dysfunction. Metabolomics analysis showed there were differential metabolites involved in above process, which helped us to screen the crucial regulated enzymes of these metabolites. Molecular docking and multi-spectroscopic revealed the molecular mechanism of interaction between THF and COX/LOX. Results suggested that THF bound to COX/LOX through static quenching and these bindings were driven by hydrogen bonds. After binding with THF, the secondary structure of COX/LOX was changed. In general, this study indicated that THF inhibited COX/LOX by spontaneously forming complexes with them.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Analytical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, No. 157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Haixia Che
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Analytical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, No. 157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Jiping Ren
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Analytical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, No. 157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Hong Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Analytical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, No. 157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Kexin Song
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Analytical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, No. 157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- Central Laboratory of Harbin Medical University (Daqing), Daqing 163319, PR China; College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, Harbin 150081, PR China
| | - Xiaoting Zhao
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Analytical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, No. 157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Xianyao Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Analytical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, No. 157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Analytical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Harbin Medical University, No. 157 Baojian Road, Nangang District, Harbin 150081, Heilongjiang, PR China.
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Guo Y, Shi S, Yang N, Tang MX, Duan ZJ, Guo XR, Tang ZH. Comparative assessment of nutritional composition, polyphenol profile and antioxidative properties of wild edible ferns from northeastern China. Food Res Int 2023; 163:112237. [PMID: 36596159 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2022.112237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Ferns are one of the prevalent species of wild edible plants but one of the least explored terrestrial plants. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the nutrient composition, polyphenol profile and antioxidative properties of four wild edible ferns commonly utilized in northeastern China. We studied the content of ash, polysaccharide, protein, fat and mineral elements of the samples. Furthermore, the samples were found to have good total phenolic and total flavonoid contents and some level of antioxidant capacity as determined by 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline) 6-sufonic acid (ABTS) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). They also exhibited different specific accumulation of polyphenol profiles, estimated by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS). Significance analysis revealed a significant correlation between individual phenolic compounds and the antioxidant activity of the ferns. The results of the study suggest that wild edible ferns are rich in nutritional value and have potential as a natural source of antioxidants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Guo
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Sen Shi
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Nan Yang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Mei-Xin Tang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Ze-Jia Duan
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Xiao-Rui Guo
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Zhong-Hua Tang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China.
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Wang H, Quan J, Deng Y, Chen J, Zhang K, Qu Z. Utilizing network pharmacological analysis to investigate the key targets and mechanisms of kaempferol against oxaliplatin-induced neurotoxicity. Toxicol Mech Methods 2023; 33:38-46. [PMID: 35574720 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2022.2069531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
This study investigated the pharmacological mechanism of kaempferol in the treatment of oxaliplatin-induced neuropathic pain by network pharmacological method and cells experiment. The kaempferol and disease target genes were obtained from several databases, including TCMSP, SwissTargetPrediction, GeneCards, and CTD. Then, the common target genes of drugs and diseases were obtained using Venny online tools. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) functional analyses were carried out to obtain the enriched molecular pathways associated with the kaempferol and disease. Finally, we constructed a neuropathic pain cell experiment to confirm the findings. 138 intersection targets were identified between targets of kaempferol and oxaliplatin-induced neurotoxicity. Enrichment analyses revealed that the IL-17 signaling pathway was associated with the therapeutic effects of kaempferol. Kaempferol down-regulated the mRNA expression levels of TNF-α, IL-6, and CCL2 in oxaliplatin-treated astrocytes. Our findings showed that kaempferol alleviated oxaliplatin-induced neurotoxicity via regulation of inflammation-related genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxing Wang
- Department of Rehabilitation, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha Hunan, China
| | - Jing Quan
- Department of Rehabilitation, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha Hunan, China
| | - Youming Deng
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha Hunan, China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha Hunan, China
| | - Ke Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha Hunan, China
| | - Zhan Qu
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha Hunan, China
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Topical Calendula officinalis L. inhibits inflammatory pain through antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and peripheral opioid mechanisms. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joim.2022.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Saxena M, Jadhav EB, Sankhla MS, Singhal M, Parihar K, Awasthi KK, Awasthi G. Bintaro (Cerbera odollam and Cerbera manghas): an overview of its eco-friendly use, pharmacology, and toxicology. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 30:10.1007/s11356-022-22585-w. [PMID: 36044149 PMCID: PMC9428885 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22585-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Bintaro is a tropical mangrove plant often used as a shade tree found in Asia, Australia, Madagascar, and the Islands of the Western Pacific Ocean. The word Bintaro is also often pinned to its closest relative species, the Cerbera odollam. Flower color is one of the distinguishing features between these two species. Human poisoning with the cardiotoxic plant Bintaro is common in Southeast Asia because it bears a fruit that yields a powerful poison that has been used for suicide and homicide, hence it is also called the "Indian suicide tree". The seeds of Bintaro contain Cerberin, a cardiac glycoside toxin of the heart that blocks the calcium ion channels in heart muscles, resulting in disruption of the heartbeat most often fatally. The bio-active compound in the kernels of Bintaro varies due to which plant possesses other properties as well. The plant may also be used for medicinal purposes as it shows many pharmaceutical properties. The seeds of the plant have auspicious anticancer properties through apoptotic activity and the leaf extract of the plant was screened for its antioxidant activities. In addition, it is also used as an insecticide, pesticide, or antifungal agent. This review highlights the Pharmaceutical, toxicological, and environmentally friendly approaches of Bintaro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mansi Saxena
- Department of Forensic Science, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, India
| | - Ekta B. Jadhav
- Department of Forensic Chemistry and Toxicology, Government Institute of Forensic Science Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - Muskan Singhal
- Department of Forensic Science, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, India
| | - Kapil Parihar
- State Forensic Science Laboratory, Jaipur, Rajasthan India
| | - Kumud Kant Awasthi
- Department of Life Sciences, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, India
| | - Garima Awasthi
- Department of Life Sciences, Vivekananda Global University, Jaipur, India
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Hyaluronic Acid Modified Nanostructured Lipid Carrier for Targeting Delivery of Kaempferol to NSCLC: Preparation, Optimization, Characterization, and Performance Evaluation In Vitro. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27144553. [PMID: 35889427 PMCID: PMC9318624 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27144553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Lung cancer seriously threatens the health of human beings, with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounting for 80%. Nowadays, the potential position of nano-delivery in treating cancer has been the subject of continuous research. The present research aimed to prepare two molecular weight hyaluronic acid (HA)-modified kaempferol (KA)-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (HA-KA-NLCs) by the method of melting ultrasonic and electrostatic adsorption, and to assess the antitumor effect of the preparations on A549 cells. The characterization and safety evaluation of the preparations illustrated that they are acceptable for drug delivery for cancer. Subsequently, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) curve and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images indicated that the drug was adequately incorporated in the carrier, and the particle appeared as a sphere. Moreover, HA-KA-NLC showed predominant in vitro antitumor effects, inhibiting proliferation, migration, and invasion, promoting apoptosis and increasing cellular uptake of A549 cells. Otherwise, the Western blot assay revealed that preparations could activate epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)-related signaling pathways and modulate the expression of E-cadherin, N-cadherin, and Vimentin in A549 cells. Our present findings demonstrated that HA-KA-NLC could be considered as a secure and effective carrier for targeted tumor delivery and may have potential application prospects in future clinic therapy of NSCLC.
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Chen H, Jiang Y, Liu R, Deng J, Chen Q, Chen L, Liang G, Chen X, Xu Z. Curcumin Derivative C66 Suppresses Pancreatic Cancer Progression through the Inhibition of JNK-Mediated Inflammation. Molecules 2022; 27:3076. [PMID: 35630552 PMCID: PMC9147000 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is by far the deadliest type of cancer. Inflammation is one of the important risk factors in tumor development. However, it is not yet clear whether deterioration in pancreatic cancer patients is related to inflammation, as well as the underlying mechanism. In addition, JNK is abnormally activated in pancreatic cancer cells and the JNK inhibitor C66 reduces the inflammatory microenvironment in the tumor. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the role of C66 in the proliferation and migration of pancreatic cancer. Our results showed that various inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-15, were more expressed in pancreatic cancer than in the matching normal tissue. Furthermore, C66, a curcumin analogue with good anti-inflammatory activity, inhibited the proliferation and migration of pancreatic cancer cells in a dose-dependent manner, and effectively inhibited the expression of the above inflammatory factors. Our previous research demonstrated that C66 prevents the inflammatory response by targeting JNK. Therefore, in this study, JNK activity in pancreatic cancer cells was investigated, revealing that JNK was highly activated, and the treatment with C66 inhibited the phosphorylation of JNK. Next, shJNK was used to knockdown JNK expression in pancreatic cancer cells to further confirm the role of JNK in the proliferation and migration of this tumor, as well as in the inflammatory tumor microenvironment (TME). The results demonstrated that JNK knockdown could significantly inhibit the proliferation and migration of pancreatic cancer. Moreover, the low JNK expression in pancreatic cancer cells significantly inhibited the expression of various inflammatory factors. These results indicated that C66 inhibited the progression of pancreatic cancer through the inhibition of JNK-mediated inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjin Chen
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550000, China
| | - Yuchen Jiang
- The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Yiwu 322000, China
- Clinical Pharmacy Center, Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, Affiliated People's Hospital Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Rongdiao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Jie Deng
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Qinbo Chen
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Lingfeng Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Guang Liang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou 310000, China
| | - Xiong Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Zheng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Diagnosis and Treatment of Severe Hepato-Pancreatic Diseases of Zhejiang Province, The First Affiliated Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
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Anti-Inflammatory Activities of an Anti-Histamine Drug, Loratadine, by Suppressing TAK1 in AP-1 Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073986. [PMID: 35409346 PMCID: PMC8999734 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Loratadine is an anti-histamine routinely used for treating allergies. However, recent findings have shown that Loratadine may also have anti-inflammatory functions, while their exact mechanisms have not yet been fully uncovered. In this paper, we investigated whether Loratadine can be utilized as an anti-inflammatory drug through a series of in vitro and in vivo experiments using a murine macrophage cell line and an acute gastritis mouse model. Loratadine was found to dramatically reduce the expression of pro-inflammatory genes, including MMP1, MMP3, and MMP9, and inhibit AP-1 transcriptional activation, as demonstrated by the luciferase assay. Therefore, we decided to further explore its role in the AP-1 signaling pathway. The expression of c-Jun and c-Fos, AP-1 subunits, was repressed by Loratadine and, correspondingly, the expression of p-JNK, p-MKK7, and p-TAK1 was also inhibited. In addition, Loratadine was able to reduce gastric bleeding in acute gastritis-induced mice; Western blotting using the stomach samples showed reduced p-c-Fos protein levels. Loratadine was shown to effectively suppress inflammation by specifically targeting TAK1 and suppressing consequent AP-1 signaling pathway activation and inflammatory cytokine production.
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Elucidation of Potential Targets of San-Miao-San in the Treatment of Osteoarthritis Based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Analysis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2022; 2022:7663212. [PMID: 35087596 PMCID: PMC8789436 DOI: 10.1155/2022/7663212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Background To examine the potential therapeutic targets of Chinese medicine formula San-Miao-San (SMS) in the treatment of osteoarthritis (OA), we analyzed the active compounds of SMS and key targets of OA and investigated the interacting pathways using network pharmacological approaches and molecular docking analysis. Methods The active compounds of SMS and OA-related targets were searched and screened by TCMSP, DrugBank, Genecards, OMIM, DisGeNet, TTD, and PharmGKB databases. Venn analysis and PPI were performed for evaluating the interaction of the targets. The topological analysis and molecular docking were used to confirm the subnetworks and binding affinity between active compounds and key targets, respectively. The GO and KEGG functional enrichment analysis for all targets of each subnetwork were conducted. Results A total of 57 active compounds and 203 targets of SMS were identified by the TCMSP and DrugBank database, while 1791 OA-related targets were collected from the Genecards, OMIM, DisGeNet, TTD, and PharmGKB databases. By Venn analysis, 108 intersection targets between SMS targets and OA targets were obtained. Most of these intersecting targets involve quercetin, kaempferol, and wogonin. Moreover, intersecting targets identified by PPI analysis were introduced into Cytoscape plug-in CytoNCA for topological analysis. Hence, nine key targets of SMS for OA treatment were obtained. Furthermore, the potential binding conformations between active compounds and key targets were found through molecular docking analysis. According to the DAVID enrichment analysis, the main biological processes of SMS in the treatment of OA include oxidative stress, response to reactive oxygen species, and apoptotic signaling pathways. Finally, we found wogonin, the key compound in SMS, might play a pivotal role on Toll-like receptor, IL-17, TNF, osteoclast differentiation, and apoptosis signaling pathways through interacting with four key targets. Conclusions Therefore, this study elucidated the potential active compounds and key targets of SMS in the treatment of OA based on network pharmacology.
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Chen H, Hong YH, Woo BY, Hong YD, Manilack P, Souladeth P, Jung JH, Lee WS, Jeon MJ, Kim T, Hossain MA, Yum J, Kim JH, Cho JY. Cocculus hirsutus ameliorates gastric and lung injuries by suppressing Src/Syk. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 93:153778. [PMID: 34628239 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2021.153778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2021] [Revised: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cocculus hirsutus (L.) W. Thedo., a traditionally well-known plant, has confirmed antitumor properties as well as acute and chronic diuretic effects. However, little is known about its inflammatory activities and the potential effect on inflammatory disease treatment. PURPOSE Our aim in this study was to explore additional beneficial properties of C. hirsutus ethanol extract (Ch-EE) such as anti-inflammatory activity in vitro and in vivo as well as its underlying mechanisms and to provide a theoretical basis for its role as a candidate natural drug in clinical gastritis and lung disease therapy. STUDY DESIGN RAW264.7 cells, HEK293T cells, peritoneal macrophages, and mouse models of acute gastritis and acute lung injury were used to assess the anti-inflammatory activity of Ch-EE. METHODS Decreases in LPS-induced nitric oxide (NO) production and cytokine expression by RAW264.7 cells after Ch-EE treatment were evaluated by Griess assays and PCR, respectively. Transcription factor activity was assessed through luciferase reporter gene assay, and protein expression was determined by Western blotting analysis. Overexpression assays and cellular thermal shift assays were executed in HEK293T cells. Our two in vivo models were an HCl/EtOH-induced gastritis model and an LPS-induced lung injury model. Changes in stomach lesions, lung edema, and lung histology were examined upon treatment with Ch-EE. Components of Ch-EE were determined by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. RESULTS LPS-induced nitric oxide production and Pam3CSK4- and L-NAME-induced NO production were inhibited by Ch-EE treatment of RAW264.7 cells. Furthermore, LPS-induced increases in transcript levels of iNOS, COX2, CCL12, and IL-1β were reduced by Ch-EE treatment. Ch-EE decreased both MyD88- and TRIF-induced NF-κB promotor activity. Proteins upstream of NF-κB, namely p-p50, p-p65, p-IκBα, p-AKT1, p-Src, and p-Syk, were all downregulated by Ch-EE. Moreover, Src and Syk were targets of Ch-EE. Ch-EE treatment reduced the size of inflammatory stomach lesions induced by HCl/EtOH, lung edema, and accumulation of activated neutrophils caused by LPS. CONCLUSIONS These results strongly suggest that Cocculus hirsutus can be developed as a promising anti-inflammatory remedy with Src- and Syk-inhibitory functions targeting diseases related to gastritis and lung injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongxi Chen
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | - Yo Han Hong
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
| | | | - Yong Deog Hong
- AmorePacific R&D Center, Yongin, 17074, Republic of Korea.
| | - Philaxay Manilack
- Department of Forestry, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Vientiane, P.O. Box: 811, The Lao People's Democratic Republic.
| | - Phetlasy Souladeth
- Department of Forest Management, Faculty of Forest Science, National University of Laos, Vientiane, P.O. Box: 7322, The Lao People's Democratic Republic.
| | - Ji Hwa Jung
- Department of Forest Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Woo Shin Lee
- Department of Forest Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea.
| | - Mi Jeong Jeon
- Animal Resources Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea.
| | - Taewoo Kim
- Animal Resources Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea.
| | - Mohammad Amjad Hossain
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jinwhoa Yum
- Animal Resources Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jong-Hoon Kim
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
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Jo M, Lee J, Kim HG, Kim JK, Kim H, Shin KK, Bach TT, Eum SM, Lee JS, Choung ES, Yang Y, Kim KH, Sung GH, Yoo BC, Cho JY. Anti-inflammatory effect of Barringtonia angusta methanol extract is mediated by targeting of Src in the NF-κB signalling pathway. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2021; 59:799-810. [PMID: 34190667 PMCID: PMC8253214 DOI: 10.1080/13880209.2021.1938613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Among the plants in the genus Barringtonia (Lecythidaceae) used as traditional medicines to treat arthralgia, chest pain, and haemorrhoids in Indonesia, Barringtonia racemosa L. and Barringtonia acutangula (L.) Gaertn. have demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity in systemic inflammatory models. OBJECTIVE The anti-inflammatory activity of Barringtonia angusta Kurz has not been investigated. We prepared a methanol extract of the leaves and stems of B. angusta (Ba-ME) and systemically evaluated its anti-inflammatory effects in vitro and in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS RAW264.7 cells stimulated with LPS or Pam3CSK4 for 24 h were treated with Ba-ME (12.5, 25, 50, 100, and 150 µg/mL), and NO production and mRNA levels of inflammatory genes were evaluated. Luciferase reporter gene assay, western blot analysis, overexpression experiments, and cellular thermal shift assay were conducted to explore the mechanism of Ba-ME. In addition, the anti-gastritis activity of Ba-ME (50 and 100 mg/kg, administered twice per day for two days) was evaluated using an HCl/EtOH-induced gastritis mouse model. RESULTS Ba-ME dose-dependently suppressed NO production [IC50 = 123.33 µg/mL (LPS) and 46.89 µg/mL (Pam3CSK4)] without affecting cell viability. Transcriptional expression of iNOS, IL-1β, COX-2, IL-6, and TNF-α and phosphorylation of Src, IκBα, p50/105, and p65 were inhibited by Ba-ME. The extract specifically targeted the Src protein by binding to its SH2 domain. Moreover, Ba-ME significantly ameliorated inflammatory lesions in the HCl/EtOH-induced gastritis model. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS The anti-inflammatory activity of Ba-ME is mediated by targeting of the Src/NF-κB signalling pathway, and B. angusta has potential as an anti-inflammatory drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minkyeong Jo
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jongsung Lee
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Biomolecule Control and Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Han Gyung Kim
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Biomolecule Control and Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Kyeong Kim
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Haeyeop Kim
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kon Kuk Shin
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Tran The Bach
- Institute of Ecology and Biological Resources, Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Ha Noi, Vietnam
| | - Sang Mi Eum
- International Biological Material Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | | | | | - Yoonyong Yang
- Biological and Genetic Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyung-Hee Kim
- Proteomic Analysis Team, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Ho Sung
- Department of Microbiology, Biomedical Institute of Mycological Resource, International St. Mary's Hospital and College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | - Byong Chul Yoo
- Division of Translational Science, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
- Research Institute of Biomolecule Control and Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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Kim SA, Lee CY, Mitra A, Kim H, Woo BY, Hong YD, Noh JK, Yi DK, Kim HG, Cho JY. Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Huberia peruviana Cogn. Methanol Extract by Inhibiting Src Activity in the NF-κB Pathway. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10112335. [PMID: 34834697 PMCID: PMC8619548 DOI: 10.3390/plants10112335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing need to develop anti-inflammatory drugs to regulate inflammatory responses. An extract of Huberia peruviana Cogn. had the best inhibitory effect on nitric oxide (NO) production in screening process undertaken in our laboratory. However, the anti-inflammatory effect of Huberia peruviana Cogn. methanol extract (Hp-ME) has not been studied. In this study, the anti-inflammatory effect of Hp-ME was assessed by using an NO assay, RT-PCR, luciferase reporter gene activity assay, western blotting assay, HCl/EtOH-induced acute gastritis model, and LPS-induced acute lung injury model. The phytochemical components of Hp-ME were determined through LC-MS/MS analysis. When RAW264.7 and HEK293T cells were treated with Hp-ME, NO production was decreased dose-dependently without cytotoxicity and the mRNA levels of iNOS, COX-2, and TNF-α were decreased. In a luciferase assay, the activity of transcription factors, NF-κB in TRIF or MyD88-overexpressing HEK293T cells was extremely reduced by Hp-ME. The western blotting analysis indicated that Hp-ME has anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the phosphorylation of Src. Hp-ME showed anti-inflammatory effects on in vivo models of HCl/EtOH-induced gastritis and LPS-induced acute lung injury. LC-MS/MS revealed that Hp-ME contains several anti-inflammatory flavonoids. The final findings of this study imply that Hp-ME could be used as an anti-inflammatory drug in several inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seung A Kim
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (S.A.K.); (C.Y.L.); (H.K.)
| | - Chae Young Lee
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (S.A.K.); (C.Y.L.); (H.K.)
| | - Ankita Mitra
- Research Institute of Biomolecule Control and Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea;
| | - Haeyeop Kim
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (S.A.K.); (C.Y.L.); (H.K.)
| | - Byoung Young Woo
- AMOREPACIFIC R&D Center, Yongin 17074, Korea; (B.Y.W.); (Y.D.H.)
| | - Yong Deog Hong
- AMOREPACIFIC R&D Center, Yongin 17074, Korea; (B.Y.W.); (Y.D.H.)
| | - Jin Kyoung Noh
- Instituto de BioEconomia, El Batan, Quito 170135, Ecuador;
| | - Dong-Keun Yi
- International Biological Material Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Daejeon 34141, Korea;
| | - Han Gyung Kim
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (S.A.K.); (C.Y.L.); (H.K.)
- Research Institute of Biomolecule Control and Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea;
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (S.A.K.); (C.Y.L.); (H.K.)
- Research Institute of Biomolecule Control and Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea;
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Rahmawati L, Aziz N, Oh J, Hong YH, Woo BY, Hong YD, Manilack P, Souladeth P, Jung JH, Lee WS, Jeon MJ, Kim T, Hossain MA, Yum J, Kim JH, Cho JY. Cissus subtetragona Planch. Ameliorates Inflammatory Responses in LPS-induced Macrophages, HCl/EtOH-induced Gastritis, and LPS-induced Lung Injury via Attenuation of Src and TAK1. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26196073. [PMID: 34641616 PMCID: PMC8512965 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26196073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2021] [Revised: 10/02/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Several Cissus species have been used and reported to possess medicinal benefits. However, the anti-inflammatory mechanisms of Cissus subtetragona have not been described. In this study, we examined the potential anti-inflammatory effects of C. subtetragona ethanol extract (Cs-EE) in vitro and in vivo, and investigated its molecular mechanism as well as its flavonoid content. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophage-like RAW264.7 cells and primary macrophages as well as LPS-induced acute lung injury (ALI) and HCl/EtOH-induced acute gastritis mouse models were utilized. Luciferase assays, immunoblotting analyses, overexpression strategies, and cellular thermal shift assay (CETSA) were performed to identify the molecular mechanisms and targets of Cs-EE. Cs-EE concentration-dependently reduced the secretion of NO and PGE2, inhibited the expression of inflammation-related cytokines in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells, and decreased NF-κB- and AP-1-luciferase activity. Subsequently, we determined that Cs-EE decreased the phosphorylation events of NF-κB and AP-1 pathways. Cs-EE treatment also significantly ameliorated the inflammatory symptoms of HCl/EtOH-induced acute gastritis and LPS-induced ALI mouse models. Overexpression of HA-Src and HA-TAK1 along with CETSA experiments validated that inhibited inflammatory responses are the outcome of attenuation of Src and TAK1 activation. Taken together, these findings suggest that Cs-EE could be utilized as an anti-inflammatory remedy especially targeting against gastritis and acute lung injury by attenuating the activities of Src and TAK1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laily Rahmawati
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (L.R.); (N.A.); (J.O.); (Y.H.H.)
| | - Nur Aziz
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (L.R.); (N.A.); (J.O.); (Y.H.H.)
| | - Jieun Oh
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (L.R.); (N.A.); (J.O.); (Y.H.H.)
| | - Yo Han Hong
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (L.R.); (N.A.); (J.O.); (Y.H.H.)
| | - Byoung Young Woo
- AmorePacific R&D Center, Yongin 17074, Korea; (B.Y.W.); (Y.D.H.)
| | - Yong Deog Hong
- AmorePacific R&D Center, Yongin 17074, Korea; (B.Y.W.); (Y.D.H.)
| | - Philaxay Manilack
- Department of Forestry, Ministry of Agriculture and Forestry, Vientiane P.O. Box 811, Laos;
| | - Phetlasy Souladeth
- Department of Forest Management, Faculty of Forest Science, National University of Laos, Vientiane P.O. Box 7322, Laos;
| | - Ji Hwa Jung
- Division of Zoology, Honam National Institute of Biological Resources, Mokpo 58762, Korea;
| | - Woo Shin Lee
- Department of Forest Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea;
| | - Mi Jeong Jeon
- Animal Resources Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, Korea; (M.J.J.); (T.K.); (J.Y.)
| | - Taewoo Kim
- Animal Resources Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, Korea; (M.J.J.); (T.K.); (J.Y.)
| | - Mohammad Amjad Hossain
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea;
| | - Jinwhoa Yum
- Animal Resources Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, Korea; (M.J.J.); (T.K.); (J.Y.)
| | - Jong-Hoon Kim
- Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan 54596, Korea;
- Correspondence: (J.-H.K.); (J.Y.C.); Tel.: +82-63-270-2563 (J.-H.K.); +82-31-290-7876 (J.Y.C.)
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (L.R.); (N.A.); (J.O.); (Y.H.H.)
- Correspondence: (J.-H.K.); (J.Y.C.); Tel.: +82-63-270-2563 (J.-H.K.); +82-31-290-7876 (J.Y.C.)
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Yang L, Gao Y, Bajpai VK, El-Kammar HA, Simal-Gandara J, Cao H, Cheng KW, Wang M, Arroo RRJ, Zou L, Farag MA, Zhao Y, Xiao J. Advance toward isolation, extraction, metabolism and health benefits of kaempferol, a major dietary flavonoid with future perspectives. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 63:2773-2789. [PMID: 34554029 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1980762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
As a major ubiquitous secondary metabolite, flavonoids are widely distributed in planta. Among flavonoids, kaempferol is a typical natural flavonol in diets and medicinal plants with myriad bioactivities, such as anti-inflammatory activity, anti-cancer activity, antioxidant activity, and anti-diabetic activity. However, the natural sources, absorption and metabolism as well as the bioactivities of kaempferol have not been reviewed comprehensively and systematically. This review highlights the latest research progress and the effect of kaempferol in the prevention and treatment of various chronic diseases, as well as its protective health effects, and provides a theoretical basis for future research to be used in nutraceuticals. Further, comparison of the different extraction and analytical methods are presented to highlight the most optimum for PG recovery and its detection in plasma and body fluids. Such review aims at improving the value-added applications of this unique dietary bioactive flavonoids at commercial scale and to provide a reference for its needed further development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yang
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Yongchao Gao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Vivek K Bajpai
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University Seoul, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Heba A El-Kammar
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo-Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain
| | - Hui Cao
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo-Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Marine Biological Products, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center of Seafood, Key Laboratory of Advanced Processing of Aquatic Product of Guangdong Higher Education Institution, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Ka-Wing Cheng
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Mingfu Wang
- Institute for Advanced Study, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | | | - Liang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering and Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industrialization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mohamed A Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Chemistry, School of Sciences and Engineering, American University in Cairo, New Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yonghua Zhao
- Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macau, China
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo-Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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Ullah HMA, Kwon TH, Park S, Kim SD, Rhee MH. Isoleucilactucin Ameliorates Coal Fly Ash-Induced Inflammation through the NF-κB and MAPK Pathways in MH-S Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22179506. [PMID: 34502415 PMCID: PMC8430556 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22179506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Revised: 08/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated whether isoleucilactucin, an active constituent of Ixeridium dentatum, reduces inflammation caused by coal fly ash (CFA) in alveolar macrophages (MH-S). The anti-inflammatory effects of isoleucilactucin were assessed by measuring the concentration of nitric oxide (NO) and the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators in MH-S cells exposed to CFA-induced inflammation. We found that isoleucilactucin reduced CFA-induced NO generation dose-dependently in MH-S cells. Moreover, isoleucilactucin suppressed CFA-activated proinflammatory mediators, including cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) and inducible NO synthase (iNOS), and the proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-(IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α). The inhibiting properties of isoleucilactucin on the nuclear translocation of phosphorylated nuclear factor-kappa B (p-NF-κB) were observed. The effects of isoleucilactucin on the NF-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways were also measured in CFA-stimulated MH-S cells. These results indicate that isoleucilactucin suppressed CFA-stimulated inflammation in MH-S cells by inhibiting the NF-κB and MAPK pathways, which suggest it might exert anti-inflammatory properties in the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
- H. M. Arif Ullah
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (H.M.A.U.); (S.D.K.)
| | - Tae-Hyung Kwon
- Department of Research and Development, Chuncheon Bio-Industry Foundation (CBF), Chuncheon 24232, Korea
- Correspondence: (T.-H.K.); (M.H.R.); Tel.: +82-33-258-6993 (T.-H.K.); +82-53-950-5967 (M.H.R.)
| | - SeonJu Park
- Chuncheon Center, Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), Chuncheon 24341, Korea;
| | - Sung Dae Kim
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (H.M.A.U.); (S.D.K.)
| | - Man Hee Rhee
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Korea; (H.M.A.U.); (S.D.K.)
- Correspondence: (T.-H.K.); (M.H.R.); Tel.: +82-33-258-6993 (T.-H.K.); +82-53-950-5967 (M.H.R.)
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Jabbari S, Bananej M, Zarei M, Komaki A, Hajikhani R. Effects of intrathecal and intracerebroventricular microinjection of kaempferol on pain: possible mechanisms of action. Res Pharm Sci 2021; 16:203-216. [PMID: 34084207 PMCID: PMC8102926 DOI: 10.4103/1735-5362.310527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose: Kaempferol (KM), a flavonoid, has an anti-inflammatory and anticancer effect and prevents many metabolic diseases. Nonetheless, very few studies have been done on the antinociceptive effects of KM. This research aimed at assessing the involvement of opioids, gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors, and inflammatory mediators in the antinociceptive effects of KM in male Wistar rats. Experimental approach: The intracerebroventricular and/or intrathecal administration of the compounds was done for examining their central impacts on the thermal and chemical pain by the tail-flick and formalin paw tests. For assessing the role of opioid and GABA receptors in the possible antinociceptive effects of KM, several antagonists were used. Also, a rotarod test was carried out for assessing motor performance. Findings/Results: The intracerebroventricular and/or intrathecal microinjections of KM (40 μg/rat) had partially antinociceptive effects in the tail-flick test in rats (P < 0.05). In the formalin paw model, the intrathecal microinjection of KM had antinociceptive effects in phase 1 (20 and 40 μg/rat; P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively) and phase 2 (20 and 40 μg/rat; P < 0.01 and P < 0.001, respectively). Using naloxonazine and/or bicuculline approved the involvement of opioid and GABA receptors in the central antinociceptive effects of KM, respectively. Moreover, KM reduced the expression levels of caspase 6, interleukin-1β, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-6. The antinociceptive effects of KM were not linked to variations in the locomotor activity. Conclusion and implications: It can be concluded that KM has remarkable antinociceptive effects at a spinal level, which is associated with the presence of the inflammatory state. These impacts were undetectable following injections in the lateral ventricle. The possible mechanisms of KM antinociception are possibly linked to various modulatory pathways, including opioid and GABA receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajjad Jabbari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran North Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Bananej
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran North Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Zarei
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.,Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Alireza Komaki
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Ramin Hajikhani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran North Branch, Tehran, Iran
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Wu Y, Gu J, Zhang S, Gu Y, Ma J, Wang Y, Zhang LW, Wang Y. Iodinated BSA Nanoparticles for Macrophage-Mediated CT Imaging and Repair of Gastritis. Anal Chem 2021; 93:6414-6420. [PMID: 33843203 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c05407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The development of a specific and noninvasive technology for understanding gastritic response together with efficient therapy is an urgent clinical issue. Herein, we fabricated a novel iodinated bovine serum albumin (BSA) nanoparticle based on gastritic microenvironment for computed tomography (CT) imaging and repair of acute gastritis. Derived from the characteristic mucosa defect and inflammatory cell (e.g., macrophage and neutrophil) infiltration in acute gastritis, the pH-sensitive nanoparticles can sedimentate under acidic conditions and be uniformly distributed in the defected mucosal via the phagocytosis of inflammatory cells. Hence, enhanced CT images can clearly reveal the mucosal morphology in the nanoparticle-treated gastritic rat over a long time window comparison with nanoparticle-treated healthy rats and clinical small-molecule-treated gastritic rat. In addition, we have discovered that nanoparticles can repair the atrophic gastric mucosa to a normal state. This repair process mainly stems from inflammatory immune response caused by phagocytized nanoparticles, such as the polarization of proinflammatory macrophages (M1) to anti-inflammatory macrophages (M2). The biocompatible nanoparticles that avoid the inherent defects of the clinical small molecules have great potential for accurate diagnosis and treatment of gastritis in the early stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanxian Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jun Gu
- The Affiliated Jiangsu Shengze Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou 215228, China
| | - Shaodian Zhang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215004, China
| | - Yuan Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Jie Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yangyun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Leshuai W Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
| | - Yong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China
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Lee HS, Jeong GS. Therapeutic effect of kaempferol on atopic dermatitis by attenuation of T cell activity via interaction with multidrug resistance-associated protein 1. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 178:1772-1788. [PMID: 33555623 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Kaempferol is a natural flavonoid widely investigated in various fields due to its antioxidant, anti-cancer, and anti-inflammatory activities, but few studies have shown its inhibitory effect on T cell activation. This study examined the therapeutic potential of kaempferol in atopic dermatitis by modulating T cell activation. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Effects of kaempferol on T cell activation and the underlying mechanisms were investigated in Jurkat cells and mouse CD4+ T cells. A model of atopic dermatitis in mice was used to determine its therapeutic potential on T cell-mediated conditions in vivo. Western blots, RT-PCR, pulldown assays and ELISA were used, along with histological analysis of skin. KEY RESULTS Pretreatment with kaempferol reduced CD69 expression and production of inflammatory cytokines including IL-2 from activated Jurkat cells and murine CD4+ T cells without cytotoxicity. Pulldown assays revealed that kaempferol physically binds to MRP-1 in T cells, inhibiting the action of MRP-1. In activated T cells, kaempferol suppressed JNK phosphorylation and the TAK1-IKKα mediated NF-κB pathway. Oral administration of kaempferol to mice showed improved manifestation of atopic dermatitis, a T cell-mediated condition. Western blot results showed that, as in the in vitro studies, decreased phosphorylation of JNK was associated with down-regulated MRP-1 activity in vivo, in the kaempferol-treated mice in the atopic dermatitis model. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Kaempferol regulates T cell activation by inhibiting MRP-1 activity in activated T cells, thus showing protective effects against T cell mediated disease in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyun-Su Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea
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21
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Shi D, Liu L, Li H, Pan D, Yao X, Xiao W, Yao X, Yu Y. Identifying the molecular basis of Jinhong tablets against chronic superficial gastritis via chemical profile identification and symptom-guided network pharmacology analysis. J Pharm Anal 2021; 12:65-76. [PMID: 35573887 PMCID: PMC9073317 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2021.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Danfeng Shi
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drug Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Lingxian Liu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drug Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Haibo Li
- Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222001, China
| | - Dabo Pan
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drug Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xiaojun Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau Institute for Applied Research in Medicine and Health, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macau, China
| | - Wei Xiao
- Kanion Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., State Key Laboratory of New-tech for Chinese Medicine Pharmaceutical Process, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222001, China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Xinsheng Yao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drug Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Corresponding author.
| | - Yang Yu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, College of Pharmacy and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drug Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
- Corresponding author.
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22
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Ratan ZA, Youn SH, Kwak YS, Han CK, Haidere MF, Kim JK, Min H, Jung YJ, Hosseinzadeh H, Hyun SH, Cho JY. Adaptogenic effects of Panax ginseng on modulation of immune functions. J Ginseng Res 2021; 45:32-40. [PMID: 33437154 PMCID: PMC7790873 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2020.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Traditional medicinal practices have used natural products such as adaptogens to treat inflammatory, autoimmune, neurodegenerative, bacterial, and viral diseases since the early days of civilization. Panax ginseng Myer is a common herb used in East Asian countries for millennia, especially in Korea, China, and Japan. Numerous studies indicate that ginseng can modulate the immune system and thereby prevent diseases. Although the human immune system comprises many different types of cells, multiple studies suggest that each type of immune cell can be controlled or stimulated by ginseng or its derivatives. Provisional lists of ginseng's potential for use against viruses, bacteria, and other microorganisms suggest it may prove to be a valuable pharmaceutical resource, particularly if higher-quality evidence can be found. Here, we reviewed the role of ginseng as an immune-modulating agent in attempt to provide a valuable starting point for future studies on the herb and the human immune system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zubair Ahmed Ratan
- School of Health and Society, University of Wollongong, NSW, Australia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Khulna University of Engineering and Technology, Khulna, Bangladesh
| | - Soo Hyun Youn
- R&D Headquarters, Korea Ginseng Corporation, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yi-Seong Kwak
- R&D Headquarters, Korea Ginseng Corporation, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang-Kyun Han
- R&D Headquarters, Korea Ginseng Corporation, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Jin Kyeong Kim
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeyoung Min
- College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - You-Jung Jung
- Biological Resources Utilization Department, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Sun Hee Hyun
- R&D Headquarters, Korea Ginseng Corporation, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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An Investigation of the Molecular Mechanisms Underlying the Analgesic Effect of Jakyak-Gamcho Decoction: A Network Pharmacology Study. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:6628641. [PMID: 33343676 PMCID: PMC7732394 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6628641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 11/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Herbal drugs have drawn substantial interest as effective analgesic agents; however, their therapeutic mechanisms remain to be fully understood. To address this question, we performed a network pharmacology study to explore the system-level mechanisms that underlie the analgesic activity of Jakyak-Gamcho decoction (JGd; Shaoyao-Gancao-Tang in Chinese and Shakuyaku-Kanzo-To in Japanese), an herbal prescription consisting of Paeonia lactiflora Pallas and Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fischer. Based on comprehensive information regarding the pharmacological and chemical properties of the herbal constituents of JGd, we identified 57 active chemical compounds and their 70 pain-associated targets. The JGd targets were determined to be involved in the regulation of diverse biological activities as follows: calcium- and cytokine-mediated signalings, calcium ion concentration and homeostasis, cellular behaviors of muscle and neuronal cells, inflammatory response, and response to chemical, cytokine, drug, and oxidative stress. The targets were further enriched in various pain-associated signalings, including the PI3K-Akt, estrogen, ErbB, neurotrophin, neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction, HIF-1, serotonergic synapse, JAK-STAT, and cAMP pathways. Thus, these data provide a systematic basis to understand the molecular mechanisms underlying the analgesic activity of herbal drugs.
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Liang X, Hu C, Liu C, Yu K, Zhang J, Jia Y. Dihydrokaempferol (DHK) ameliorates severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) via Keap1/Nrf2 pathway. Life Sci 2020; 261:118340. [PMID: 32860805 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2020.118340] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 08/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) is a non-bacterial inflammatory disease that clinically causes a very high rate of mortality. Dihydrokaempferol (DHK) is a natural flavonoid extracted from Bauhinia championii. Our research aimed to establish the treatment function of DHK on SAP-induced pancreas injury and delve into its potential mechanism. In this study, SAP was induced by caerulein (CER) and Lipopolysaccharide (LPS). DHK was administered orally at different doses of 20, 40, or 80 mg/kg. Results from serum amylase/lipase, pancreas hematoxylin-eosin staining technique, pancreas malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) showed the therapeutic effect of DHK in a mice SAP model. MTT revealed DHK alleviated CER + LPS induced cytotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner in the pancreatic acinar cells of mice. Next, we verified DHK suppressed the level of Keap1 and promoted transcriptional activation of nuclear Nrf2 in the presence of CER + LPS. The molecular docking study suggested that there is a potential interaction between DHK and Keap1. To further look at the role of Keap1 using in vitro and in vivo models, Keap1 overexpression adenovirus (ad-Keap1) was performed. The results revealed that ad-Keap1suppressed the nuclear translocation of Nrf2 which is enhanced by DHK, and suppressed the antioxidative functionality of DHK both in mice and cell models. Collectively, this research demonstrated that DHK bettered the SAP induced pancreas injury by regulating the Keap1/Nrf2 pathway and regulating oxidative stress injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoqiang Liang
- Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Cheng Hu
- Experiment Center for Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Congying Liu
- Experiment Center for Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Kui Yu
- Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jingzhe Zhang
- Longhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200032, China.
| | - Yiqun Jia
- Experiment Center for Science and Technology, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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25
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Zhang W, Lian Y, Li Q, Sun L, Chen R, Lai X, Lai Z, Yuan E, Sun S. Preventative and Therapeutic Potential of Flavonoids in Peptic Ulcers. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25204626. [PMID: 33050668 PMCID: PMC7594042 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25204626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Peptic ulcer disease is a common gastrointestinal tract disorder that affects up to 20% of the population of the world. Treatment of peptic ulcer remains challenging due to the limited effectiveness and severe side effects of the currently available drugs. Hence, natural compounds, owing to their medicinal, ecological, and other safe properties, are becoming popular potential candidates in preventing and treating peptic ulcers. Flavonoids, the most abundant polyphenols in plants, exhibit gastroprotective effects against peptic ulcer both in vivo and in vitro. In this review, we summarized the anti-ulcer functions and mechanisms, and also the bioavailability, efficacy, and safety, of flavonoid monomers in the gastrointestinal tract. Flavonoids exerted cytoprotective and rehabilitative effects by not only strengthening defense factors, such as mucus and prostaglandins, but also protecting against potentially harmful factors via their antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and antibacterial activities. Although controlled clinical studies are limited at present, flavonoids have shown a promising preventable and therapeutic potential in peptic ulcers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenji Zhang
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences or Guangdong Key Laboratory of Tea Resources Innovation & Utilization, Tea Research Institute, Guangzhou 510640, China; (W.Z.); (Q.L.); (L.S.); (R.C.); (X.L.); (Z.L.)
| | - Yingyi Lian
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China;
| | - Qiuhua Li
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences or Guangdong Key Laboratory of Tea Resources Innovation & Utilization, Tea Research Institute, Guangzhou 510640, China; (W.Z.); (Q.L.); (L.S.); (R.C.); (X.L.); (Z.L.)
| | - Lingli Sun
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences or Guangdong Key Laboratory of Tea Resources Innovation & Utilization, Tea Research Institute, Guangzhou 510640, China; (W.Z.); (Q.L.); (L.S.); (R.C.); (X.L.); (Z.L.)
| | - Ruohong Chen
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences or Guangdong Key Laboratory of Tea Resources Innovation & Utilization, Tea Research Institute, Guangzhou 510640, China; (W.Z.); (Q.L.); (L.S.); (R.C.); (X.L.); (Z.L.)
| | - Xingfei Lai
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences or Guangdong Key Laboratory of Tea Resources Innovation & Utilization, Tea Research Institute, Guangzhou 510640, China; (W.Z.); (Q.L.); (L.S.); (R.C.); (X.L.); (Z.L.)
| | - Zhaoxiang Lai
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences or Guangdong Key Laboratory of Tea Resources Innovation & Utilization, Tea Research Institute, Guangzhou 510640, China; (W.Z.); (Q.L.); (L.S.); (R.C.); (X.L.); (Z.L.)
| | - Erdong Yuan
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China;
- Correspondence: (E.Y.); (S.S.); Tel.: +86-20-8711-3848 (E.Y.); +86-20-8516-1045 (S.S.)
| | - Shili Sun
- Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences or Guangdong Key Laboratory of Tea Resources Innovation & Utilization, Tea Research Institute, Guangzhou 510640, China; (W.Z.); (Q.L.); (L.S.); (R.C.); (X.L.); (Z.L.)
- Correspondence: (E.Y.); (S.S.); Tel.: +86-20-8711-3848 (E.Y.); +86-20-8516-1045 (S.S.)
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26
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Zhou P, Hua F, Wang X, Huang JL. Therapeutic potential of IKK-β inhibitors from natural phenolics for inflammation in cardiovascular diseases. Inflammopharmacology 2020; 28:19-37. [PMID: 31894515 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-019-00680-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVDs) is a chronic disease with the highest morbidity and mortality in the world. Previous studies have suggested that preventing inflammation serves an efficient role in protection against cardiovascular diseases. Modulation of IKK-β activity can be used to treat and control CVDs associated with chronic inflammation, which targets the phosphorylation of IκB following the release of the RelA complex, and then translocates to the nucleus, eventually triggering the transcription of several genes that induce chemokines, cytokines, and adhesion molecules. Most importantly, the IκB kinase (IKK) complex is involved in transcriptional activation by phosphorylating the inhibitory molecule IkBα, enabling activation of NF-κB. Phenolic compounds possess cardioprotective potential that may be related to modulating inflammatory responses involved in CVDs. The SystemsDock analysis was used to explore whether 38 active compounds inhibit IKK-β activity based on literature. Docking results showed that the top docking score of three chemical compounds were icariin, salvianolic acid B, and plantainoside D in all compounds. Icariin, salvianolic acid B, and plantainoside D are the most promising IKKβ inhibitors. These phytochemicals could be helpful to find the lead compounds on designing and developing novel cardioprotective agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhou
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China. .,Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China. .,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China.
| | - Fang Hua
- Pharmacy School, Anhui Xinhua University, Hefei, 230088, People's Republic of China.,Natural Products Laboratory, International Joint Lab of Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Wang
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China.,Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Ling Huang
- School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China. .,Institute of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Anhui Academy of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China. .,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicinal Formula, Hefei, 230012, People's Republic of China.
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27
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Does diet play a role in reducing nociception related to inflammation and chronic pain? Nutrition 2019; 66:153-165. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2019.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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28
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Zhou B, Jiang Z, Li X, Zhang X. Kaempferol's Protective Effect on Ethanol-Induced Mouse Primary Hepatocytes Injury Involved in the Synchronous Inhibition of SP1, Hsp70 and CYP2E1. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2018; 46:1093-1110. [PMID: 29976085 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x1850057x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism of ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity was complicated, accompanied by the over-expressions of the cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1), heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) and the nuclear factor specificity protein 1 (SP1). Kaempferol (Kaem) could protect the ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity likely by inhibiting the CYP2E1 expression and activity. This study investigated the protective mechanism(s) of kaempferol on ethanol-induced toxicity by dynamic alteration of SP1, Hsp70 and CYP2E1 among the nucleus and different organelles in hepatocytes. After ethanol treatment alone and co-incubation hepatocytes with kaempferol, protein levels of CYP2E1, Hsp70, and SP1 were determined in vitro (western blotting and immunofluorescence). Hepatocytes' viability was assessed by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) methods. Glutathione (GSH) levels were evaluated for ethanol-induced oxidative stress. In the ethanol-treated hepatocytes, kaempferol decreased protein levels of CYP2E1 in both microsome and mitochondria, cytosolic Hsp70 and SP1 in nuclear and cytosol, and the oxidative stress and increased the cell viability compared to those of ethanol group. Collectively, our findings propose that the protective mechanism of kaempferol is involved in the synchronous, early and persistent inhibitions of mitochondrial and microsomal CYP2E1, cytosolic Hsp70 and nuclear and cytosolic SP1 in mouse primary hepatocytes' injury induced by ethanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Zhou
- * College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
| | - Zhihui Jiang
- † Research Center of Modern Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, Henan 455000, P. R. China
| | - Xinping Li
- * College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoying Zhang
- * College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, P. R. China.,† Research Center of Modern Biotechnology, School of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, Anyang Institute of Technology, Anyang, Henan 455000, P. R. China.,‡ Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, Department of Biology, University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
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Yi YS. Regulatory Roles of Flavonoids on Inflammasome Activation during Inflammatory Responses. Mol Nutr Food Res 2018; 62:e1800147. [PMID: 29774640 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201800147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is an innate immune response to noxious stimuli to protect the body from pathogens. Inflammatory responses consist of two main steps: priming and triggering. In priming, inflammatory cells increase expressions of inflammatory molecules, while in triggering, inflammasomes are activated, resulting in cell death and pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion. Inflammasomes are protein complexes comprising intracellular pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) (e.g., nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptors (NLRs), absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2), and caspases-4/5/11) and pro-caspase-1 with or without a bipartite adaptor molecule ASC. Inflammasome activation induces pyroptosis, inflammatory cell death, and stimulates caspase-1-mediated secretion of interleukin (IL)-1b and IL-18. Flavonoids are secondary metabolites found in various plants and are considered as critical ingredients promoting health and ameliorating various disease symptoms. Anti-inflammatory activity of flavonoids and underlying mechanisms have been widely studied. This review introduces current knowledge on different types of inflammasomes and their activation during inflammatory responses and discusses recent studies regarding anti-inflammatory roles of flavonoids as suppressors of inflammasomes in inflammatory conditions. Understanding the regulatory effects of flavonoids on inflammasome activation will increase our knowledge of flavonoid-mediated anti-inflammatory activity and provide new insights into the development of flavonoid preparations to prevent and treat human inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Su Yi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Cheongju University, Cheongju, 28503, Korea
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30
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Kim HG, Kim MY, Cho JY. Alisma canaliculatum ethanol extract suppresses inflammatory responses in LPS-stimulated macrophages, HCl/EtOH-induced gastritis, and DSS-triggered colitis by targeting Src/Syk and TAK1 activities. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 219:202-212. [PMID: 29574093 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Alisma canaliculatum A.Braun & C.D.Bouché, distributed in Korea, Japan, China, and Taiwan, is a traditional medicine. In particular, the stem and root of Alisma canaliculatum A.Braun & C.D.Bouché are prescribed to relieve various inflammatory symptoms resulting from nephritis, cystitis, urethritis, and dropsy. AIM OF STUDY However, the curative mechanism of Alisma canaliculatum A.Braun & C.D.Bouché with respect to inflammatory symptoms is poorly understood. In this study, the curative roles of this plant in various inflammatory conditions as well as its inhibitory mechanism were aimed to examine using an ethanol extract (Ac-EE). MATERIALS AND METHODS Anti-inflammatory effects of Ac-EE were evaluated in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophages in vitro and HCl/EtOH-stimulated mouse model of gastritis and DSS-treated mouse model of colitis. To determine the potentially active anti-inflammatory components in this extracts, we employed HPLC. We also used kinase assays, reporter gene assay, immunoprecipitation analysis and target enzyme overexpressing cell analysis to analyze the molecular mechanisms and the target molecules. RESULTS This extract dose-dependently inhibited the production of nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) from RAW264.7 cells and peritoneal macrophages activated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Additionally, Ac-EE ameliorated inflammatory symptoms resulting from gastritis and colitis. Ac-EE down-regulated the mRNA levels of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). Ac-EE also blocked the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB and activator protein (AP)- 1 in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. By analyzing the target signaling molecules activating these transcription factors, we found that Src and Syk, as well as molecular association between TAK1 and mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 4/7 (MKK4/7), were targeted by Ac-EE. CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that the Ac-EE NF-κB/AP-1-targeted anti-inflammatory potential is mediated by suppression of Src and Syk as well as the complex formation between TAK1 and its substrate proteins MKK4/7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Gyung Kim
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Yeon Kim
- School of Systems Biomedical Science, Soongs il University, Seoul 06978, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Jangan-gu, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
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Kim E, Yoon JY, Lee J, Jeong D, Park JG, Hong YH, Kim JH, Aravinthan A, Kim JH, Cho JY. TANK-binding kinase 1 and Janus kinase 2 play important roles in the regulation of mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 expression after toll-like receptor 4 activation. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:8790-8801. [PMID: 29797567 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Inflammation is a response that protects the body from pathogens. Through several inflammatory signaling pathways mediated by various families of transcription factors, such as nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), activator protein-1 (AP-1), interferon regulatory factors (IRFs), and signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs), various inflammatory cytokines and chemokines are induced and inflammatory responses are boosted. Simultaneously, inhibitory systems are activated and provide negative feedback. A typical mechanism by which this process occurs is that inflammatory signaling molecules upregulate mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 (MKP1) expression. Here, we investigated how kinases regulate MKP1 expression in lipopolysaccharide-triggered cascades. We found that p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) inhibitors decreased MKP1 expression. Using specific inhibitors, gene knockouts, and gene knockdowns, we also found that tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor family member-associated nuclear factor κB activator (TANK)-binding kinase 1 (TBK1) and Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) are involved in the induction of MKP1 expression. By analyzing JAK2-induced activation of STATs, STAT3-specific inhibitors, promoter binding sites, and STAT3-/- cells, we found that STAT3 is directly linked to TBK1-mediated and JAK2-mediated induction of MKP1 expression. Our data suggest that MKP1 expression can be differentially regulated by p38, JNK, and the TBK1-JAK2-STAT3 pathway after activation of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). These data also imply crosstalk between the AP-1 pathway and the IRF3 and STAT3 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunji Kim
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Ju Y Yoon
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea.,Central Research Institute, Dongkwang Pharmaceutical Company, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jongsung Lee
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Deok Jeong
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Jae G Park
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Yo H Hong
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Ji H Kim
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Adithan Aravinthan
- Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Korea
| | - Jong-Hoon Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Korea
| | - Jae Y Cho
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
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Src Is a Prime Target Inhibited by Celtis choseniana Methanol Extract in Its Anti-Inflammatory Action. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:3909038. [PMID: 29725354 PMCID: PMC5872597 DOI: 10.1155/2018/3909038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2017] [Revised: 12/10/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Celtis choseniana is the traditional plant used at Korea as a herbal medicine to ameliorate inflammatory responses. Although Celtis choseniana has been traditionally used as a herbal medicine at Korea, no systemic research has been conducted on its anti-inflammatory activity. Therefore, the present study explored an anti-inflammatory effect and its underlying molecular mechanism using Celtis choseniana methanol extract (Cc-ME) in macrophage-mediated inflammatory responses. In vitro anti-inflammatory activity of Cc-ME was evaluated using RAW264.7 cells and peritoneal macrophages stimulated by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), pam3CSK4 (Pam3), or poly(I:C). In vivo anti-inflammatory activity of Cc-ME was investigated using acute inflammatory disease mouse models, such as LPS-induced peritonitis and HCl/EtOH-induced gastritis. The molecular mechanism of Cc-ME-mediated anti-inflammatory activity was examined by Western blot analysis and immunoprecipitation using whole cell and nuclear fraction prepared from the LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells and HEK293 cells. Cc-ME inhibited NO production and mRNA expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase (COX-2), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) in the RAW264.7 cells and peritoneal macrophages induced by LPS, pam3, or poly(I:C) without cytotoxicity. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis showed that Cc-ME contained anti-inflammatory flavonoids quercetin, luteolin, and kaempferol. Among those, the content of luteolin, which showed an inhibitory effect on NO production, was highest. Cc-ME suppressed the NF-κB signaling pathway by targeting Src and interrupting molecular interactions between Src and p85, its downstream kinase. Moreover, Cc-ME ameliorated the morphological finding of peritonitis and gastritis in the mouse disease models. Therefore, these results suggest that Cc-ME exerted in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity in LPS-stimulated macrophages and mouse models of acute inflammatory diseases. This anti-inflammatory activity of Cc-ME was dominantly mediated by targeting Src in NF-κB signaling pathway during macrophage-mediated inflammatory responses.
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Yang WS, Yang E, Kim MJ, Jeong D, Yoon DH, Sung GH, Lee S, Yoo BC, Yeo SG, Cho JY. Momordica charantia Inhibits Inflammatory Responses in Murine Macrophages via Suppression of TAK1. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2018; 46:435-452. [PMID: 29463104 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x18500222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Momordica charantia known as bitter melon is a representative medicinal plant reported to exhibit numerous pharmacological activities such as antibacterial, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, antitumor, and hypoglycemic actions. Although this plant has high ethnopharmacological value for treating inflammatory diseases, the molecular mechanisms by which it inhibits the inflammatory response are not fully understood. In this study, we aim to identify the anti-inflammatory mechanism of this plant. To this end, we studied the effects of its methanol extract (Mc-ME) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 macrophages. Specifically, we evaluated nitric oxide (NO) production, mRNA expression of inflammatory genes, luciferase reporter gene activity, and putative molecular targets. Mc-ME blocked NO production in a dose-dependent manner in RAW264.7 cells; importantly, no cytotoxicity was observed. Moreover, the mRNA expression levels of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 were decreased by Mc-ME treatment in a dose-dependent manner. Luciferase assays and nuclear lysate immunoblotting analyses strongly indicated that Mc-ME decreases the levels of p65 [a nuclear factor (NF)-[Formula: see text]B subunit] and c-Fos [an activator protein (AP)-1 subunit]. Whole lysate immunoblotting assays, luciferase assays, and overexpression experiments suggested that transforming growth factor [Formula: see text]-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) is targeted by Mc-ME, thereby suppressing NF-[Formula: see text]B and AP-1 activity via downregulation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs) and AKT. These results strongly suggest that Mc-ME exerts its anti-inflammatory activity by reducing the action of TAK1, which also affects the activation of NF-[Formula: see text]B and AP-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woo Seok Yang
- * Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunju Yang
- † Gyeonggi Science High School for the Gifted, Suwon 16297, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Jeong Kim
- ‡ Department of Radiology, Hallym Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Gyeonggi 14068, Republic of Korea
| | - Deok Jeong
- * Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Deok Hyo Yoon
- § Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, International St. Mary's Hospital and College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon 22711, Republic of Korea
| | - Gi-Ho Sung
- § Institute for Bio-Medical Convergence, International St. Mary's Hospital and College of Medicine, Catholic Kwandong University, Incheon 22711, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungihm Lee
- † Gyeonggi Science High School for the Gifted, Suwon 16297, Republic of Korea
| | - Byong Chul Yoo
- ¶ Colorectal Cancer Branch, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Gu Yeo
- ∥ Department of Radiation Oncology, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University Hospital, Cheonan 31151, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- * Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.,† Gyeonggi Science High School for the Gifted, Suwon 16297, Republic of Korea
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Anchi P, Khurana A, Bale S, Godugu C. The Role of Plant-derived Products in Pancreatitis: Experimental and Clinical Evidence. Phytother Res 2017; 31:591-623. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2016] [Revised: 02/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pratibha Anchi
- Department of Regulatory Toxicology; National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar; Hyderabad Telangana India
| | - Amit Khurana
- Department of Regulatory Toxicology; National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar; Hyderabad Telangana India
| | - Swarna Bale
- Department of Regulatory Toxicology; National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar; Hyderabad Telangana India
| | - Chandraiah Godugu
- Department of Regulatory Toxicology; National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Balanagar; Hyderabad Telangana India
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Yi YS, Cho JY, Kim D. Cerbera manghas methanol extract exerts anti-inflammatory activity by targeting c-Jun N-terminal kinase in the AP-1 pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 193:387-396. [PMID: 27562319 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.08.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2016] [Revised: 07/26/2016] [Accepted: 08/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cerbera manghas L. (Apocynaceae) is a medicinal plant traditionally used to ameliorate the clinical signs of inflammatory diseases and hypertension. AIM OF STUDY Although C. manghas L. has long been used as a traditional remedy for various diseases, the underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms are poorly understood. A detailed investigation of these mechanisms is necessary to demonstrate the ethnopharmaceutical utility of this plant. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effects of C. manghas methanol extract (Cm-ME) on the production of inflammatory mediators and the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and identification of molecular targets were investigated using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated macrophages in vitro. In addition, the inhibitory effects of Cm-ME orally administered were tested by LPS/D-galactosamine (D-GalN)-induced hepatitis and LPS-induced peritonitis mouse models in vivo. RESULTS Cm-ME downregulated the production of prostaglandin (PG)E2 and the mRNA expression of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interleukin (IL)-1β in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells under non-toxic concentration of Cm-ME. This extract inhibited the nuclear translocation of c-Jun and p-ATF2, the phosphorylation of JNK and p38, and AP-1 activity. Western blot analysis and in vitro kinase assay confirmed that JNK is a direct pharmacological target of Cm-ME action. In addition, Cm-ME significantly ameliorated the clinical signs of LPS/D-GalN-induced hepatitis and lowered the production of nitric oxide (NO) and the phosphorylation of JNK in LPS-induced peritonitis conditions. CONCLUSION Cm-ME exerts anti-inflammatory actions on LPS-stimulated macrophages and in mouse models of acute inflammatory disease. These actions are predominantly mediated by targeting JNK in the AP-1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Su Yi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Cheongju University, Cheongju 28503, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea
| | - Daewon Kim
- Laboratory of Bio-informatics, Department of Multimedia Engineering, Dankook University, Republic of Korea.
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Kang GD, Lee SY, Jang SE, Han MJ, Kim DH. Irisolidone attenuates ethanol-induced gastric injury in mice by inhibiting the infiltration of neutrophils. Mol Nutr Food Res 2016; 61. [DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.201600517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2016] [Revised: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Geum-Dan Kang
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Pharmacy; Kyung Hee University; Dongdaemun-gu Seoul Korea
| | - Sang-Yoon Lee
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Pharmacy; Kyung Hee University; Dongdaemun-gu Seoul Korea
| | - Se-Eun Jang
- Department of Food and Nutrition; Kyung Hee University; Dongdaemun-gu Seoul Korea
| | - Myung Joo Han
- Department of Food and Nutrition; Kyung Hee University; Dongdaemun-gu Seoul Korea
| | - Dong-Hyun Kim
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences and Department of Pharmacy; Kyung Hee University; Dongdaemun-gu Seoul Korea
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Baek KS, Yi YS, Son YJ, Yoo S, Sung NY, Kim Y, Hong S, Aravinthan A, Kim JH, Cho JY. In vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activities of Korean Red Ginseng-derived components. J Ginseng Res 2016; 40:437-444. [PMID: 27746698 PMCID: PMC5052440 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2016.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2016] [Revised: 08/07/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) has been traditionally used for a long time, its anti-inflammatory role and underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms have been poorly understood. In this study, the anti-inflammatory roles of KRG-derived components, namely, water extract (KRG-WE), saponin fraction (KRG-SF), and nonsaponin fraction (KRG-NSF), were investigated. Methods To check saponin levels in the test fractions, KRG-WE, KRG-NSF, and KRG-SF were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography. The anti-inflammatory roles and underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms of these components were investigated using a macrophage-like cell line (RAW264.7 cells) and an acute gastritis model in mice. Results Of the tested fractions, KGR-SF (but not KRG-NSF and KRG-WE) markedly inhibited the viability of RAW264.7 cells, and splenocytes at more than 500 μg/mL significantly suppressed NO production at 100 μg/mL, diminished mRNA expression of inflammatory genes such as inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, tumor necrosis factor-α, and interferon-β at 200 μg/mL, and completely blocked phagocytic uptake by RAW264.7 cells. All three fractions suppressed luciferase activity triggered by interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3), but not that triggered by activator protein-1 and nuclear factor-kappa B. Phospho-IRF3 and phospho-TBK1 were simultaneously decreased in KRG-SF. Interestingly, all these fractions, when orally administered, clearly ameliorated the symptoms of gastric ulcer in HCl/ethanol-induced gastritis mice. Conclusion These results suggest that KRG-WE, KRG-NSF, and KRG-SF might have anti-inflammatory properties, mostly because of the suppression of the IRF3 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kwang-Soo Baek
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Young-Su Yi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Cheongju University, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Young-Jin Son
- Department of Pharmacy, Sunchon National University, Suncheon, Korea
| | - Sulgi Yoo
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Nak Yoon Sung
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Yong Kim
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Sungyoul Hong
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Adithan Aravinthan
- Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Korea
| | - Jong-Hoon Kim
- Department of Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Iksan, Korea
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
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Kim SH, Park JG, Hong YD, Kim E, Baik KS, Yoon DH, Kim S, Lee MN, Rho HS, Shin SS, Cho JY. Src/Syk/IRAK1-targeted anti-inflammatory action of Torreya nucifera butanol fraction in lipopolysaccharide-activated RAW264.7 cells. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2016; 188:167-176. [PMID: 27178629 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2016.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Revised: 04/28/2016] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Seed of Torreya nucifera (L.) Siebold & Zucc is used to treat several diseases in Asia. Reports document that T. nucifera has anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative activities. In spite of numerous findings on its pharmacological effects, the understanding of the molecular inhibitory mechanisms of the plant remains to be studied. Therefore, we aimed to explore in vitro anti-inflammatory mechanisms of ethyl acetate fraction (Tn-EE-BF) prepared from the seed of T. nucifera in LPS-stimulated macrophage inflammatory responses. MATERIALS AND METHODS For this purpose, we measured nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) in LPS-stimulated macrophages. Additionally, using RT-PCR, luciferase reporter gene assay, immunoblotting analysis, and kinase assay, the levels of inflammatory genes, transcription factors, and inflammatory signal-regulatory proteins were investigated. Finally, the constituent of Tn-EE-BF was identified using HPLC. RESULTS Tn-EE-BF inhibits NO and PGE2 production and also blocks mRNA levels of inducible NO synthase (iNOS), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 in a dose dependent manner. Tn-EE-BF reduces nuclear levels of the transcriptional factors NF-κB (p65) and AP-1 (c-Jun and FRA-1). Surprisingly, we found that Tn-EE-BF inhibits phosphorylation levels of Src and Syk in the NF-κB pathway, as well as, IRAK1 at the protein level, part of the AP-1 pathway. By kinase assay, we confirmed that Src, Syk, and IRAK1 are suppressed directly. HPLC analysis indicates that arctigenin, amentoflavone, and quercetin may be active components with anti-inflammatory activities. CONCLUSION Tn-EE-BF exhibits anti-inflammatory activities by direct inhibition of Src/Syk/NF-κB and IRAK1/AP-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi Hyoung Kim
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jae Gwang Park
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Deog Hong
- Longevity Science Research Team, AmorePacific R&D Unit, Yongin 17074, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunji Kim
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Soo Baik
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Deok Hyo Yoon
- Department of Biochemistry, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea
| | - Sunggyu Kim
- Research and Business Foundation, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi-Nam Lee
- Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Foodservice Industry, Chungkang College of Cultural industries, Icheon 17390, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho Sik Rho
- Longevity Science Research Team, AmorePacific R&D Unit, Yongin 17074, Republic of Korea
| | - Song Seok Shin
- Longevity Science Research Team, AmorePacific R&D Unit, Yongin 17074, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea.
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Panahi Y, Alishiri GH, Bayat N, Hosseini SM, Sahebkar A. Efficacy of Elaeagnus Angustifolia extract in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis: a randomized controlled trial. EXCLI JOURNAL 2016; 15:203-10. [PMID: 27330526 PMCID: PMC4908661 DOI: 10.17179/excli2015-639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders all over the world. Available anti-arthritic medications have only partial efficacy and their long-term use is associated with adverse events. Elaeagnus Angustifolia (EA) is a medicinal plant with analgesic and anti-inflammatory properties. The present study evaluated the impact of two doses of EA extract compared with ibuprofen on the severity of disease in patients with knee OA. This study was designed as a randomized, double blind, active-controlled and parallel group trial. Patients with OA were randomized to receive 300 mg/day (n=33) or 600 mg/day (n=32) of EA aqueous extract, or 800 mg/day ibuprofen (n=32) for 7 weeks. EA extract contained 0.21 % (w/w) kaempferol according to HPLC. Efficacy of treatment was assessed using Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) of pain, Lequesne's Pain-Function Index (LPFI), and patient's global assessment (PGA) index. The amount of kaempferol in the extract was determined by HPLC method to be 0.21 % w/w. There were significant reductions in WOMAC, VAS, LPFI and PGA scores by the end of trial with all three interventions. Comparison of the changes in WOMAC, VAS and LPFI scores among the treatment groups did not reveal any significant difference between EA and ibuprofen, and between low and high doses of EA. EA was safe and well tolerated during the course of trial and no adverse event was reported. The present results suggest beneficial effects of aqueous EA extract in reducing the symptoms of OA with an efficacy comparable to that of ibuprofen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunes Panahi
- Chemical Injuries Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Noushin Bayat
- Department of Rheumatology, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Metabolic Research Centre, Royal Perth Hospital, School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
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Hossen MJ, Hong YD, Baek KS, Yoo S, Hong YH, Kim JH, Lee JO, Kim D, Park J, Cho JY. In vitro antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects of the compound K-rich fraction BIOGF1K, prepared from Panax ginseng. J Ginseng Res 2016; 41:43-51. [PMID: 28123321 PMCID: PMC5223069 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgr.2015.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 12/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background BIOGF1K, a compound K-rich fraction prepared from the root of Panax ginseng, is widely used for cosmetic purposes in Korea. We investigated the functional mechanisms of the anti-inflammatory and antioxidative activities of BIOGF1K by discovering target enzymes through various molecular studies. Methods We explored the inhibitory mechanisms of BIOGF1K using lipopolysaccharide-mediated inflammatory responses, reporter gene assays involving overexpression of toll-like receptor adaptor molecules, and immunoblotting analysis. We used the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay to measure the antioxidative activity. We cotransfected adaptor molecules, including the myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88) and Toll/interleukin-receptor domain containing adaptor molecule-inducing interferon-β (TRIF), to measure the activation of nuclear factor (NF)-κB and interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3). Results BIOGF1K suppressed lipopolysaccharide-triggered NO release in macrophages as well as DPPH-induced electron-donating activity. It also blocked lipopolysaccharide-induced mRNA levels of interferon-β and inducible nitric oxide synthase. Moreover, BIOGF1K diminished the translocation and activation of IRF3 and NF-κB (p50 and p65). This extract inhibited the upregulation of NF-κB-linked luciferase activity provoked by phorbal-12-myristate-13 acetate as well as MyD88, TRIF, and inhibitor of κB (IκBα) kinase (IKKβ), and IRF3-mediated luciferase activity induced by TRIF and TANK-binding kinase 1 (TBK1). Finally, BIOGF1K downregulated the NF-κB pathway by blocking IKKβ and the IRF3 pathway by inhibiting TBK1, according to reporter gene assays, immunoblotting analysis, and an AKT/IKKβ/TBK1 overexpression strategy. Conclusion Overall, our data suggest that the suppression of IKKβ and TBK1, which mediate transcriptional regulation of NF-κB and IRF3, respectively, may contribute to the broad-spectrum inhibitory activity of BIOGF1K.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Jahangir Hossen
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea; Department of Animal Science, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Patuakhali, Bangladesh
| | - Yong Deog Hong
- Heritage Material Research Team, Amorepacific R&D Unit, Yongin, Korea
| | - Kwang-Soo Baek
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Sulgi Yoo
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Yo Han Hong
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Ji Hye Kim
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
| | - Jeong-Oog Lee
- Bio-inspired Aerospace Information Laboratory, Department of Aerospace Information Engineering, Konkuk University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Donghyun Kim
- Heritage Material Research Team, Amorepacific R&D Unit, Yongin, Korea
| | - Junseong Park
- Heritage Material Research Team, Amorepacific R&D Unit, Yongin, Korea
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea
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4-Isopropyl-2,6-bis(1-phenylethyl)aniline 1, an Analogue of KTH-13 Isolated from Cordyceps bassiana, Inhibits the NF-κB-Mediated Inflammatory Response. Mediators Inflamm 2015; 2015:143025. [PMID: 26819495 PMCID: PMC4706927 DOI: 10.1155/2015/143025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The Cordyceps species has been a good source of compounds with anticancer and anti-inflammatory activities. Recently, we reported a novel compound (4-isopropyl-2,6-bis(1-phenylethyl)phenol, KTH-13) with anticancer activity isolated from Cordyceps bassiana and created several derivatives to increase its pharmacological activity. In this study, we tested one of the KTH-013 derivatives, 4-isopropyl-2,6-bis(1-phenylethyl)aniline 1 (KTH-13-AD1), with regard to anti-inflammatory activity under macrophage-mediated inflammatory conditions. KTH-13-AD1 clearly suppressed the production of nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and sodium nitroprusside- (SNP-) treated macrophage-like cells (RAW264.7 cells). Similarly, this compound also reduced mRNA expression of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), as analyzed by RT-PCR and real-time PCR. Interestingly, KTH-13-AD1 strongly diminished NF-κB-mediated luciferase activities and nuclear translocation of NF-κB family proteins. In accordance, KTH-13-AD1 suppressed the upstream signaling pathway of NF-κB activation, including IκBα, IKKα/β, AKT, p85/PI3K, and Src in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The autophosphorylation of Src and NF-κB observed during the overexpression of Src was also suppressed by KTH-13-AD1. These results strongly suggest that KTH-13-AD1 has strong anti-inflammatory features mediated by suppression of the Src/NF-κB regulatory loop.
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