1
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Trevino KM, Addison B, Louie AY, Garcia J. Investigating the interaction between merocyanine and glutathione through a comprehensive NMR analysis of three GSH-stabilized merocyanine species. MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN CHEMISTRY : MRC 2023; 61:487-496. [PMID: 37254270 PMCID: PMC10798237 DOI: 10.1002/mrc.5369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kimberly M. Trevino
- Chemistry Graduate Group, University of California at Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616, USA
| | - Bennett Addison
- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Facility, University of California Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Now at Renewable Resources and Enabling Sciences Center, Center for Bioenergy Innovation, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - Angelique Y. Louie
- Chemistry Graduate Group, University of California at Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California at Davis, One Shields Ave, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Joel Garcia
- Chemistry Department, De La Salle University, 2401 Taft Avenue, 1004 Manila, Philippines
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2
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Facile Detection of Light-Controlled Radical Scavengers from Natural Products Using In Situ UV-LED NMR Spectroscopy. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11112206. [DOI: 10.3390/antiox11112206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
With the recent development of chemical analysis technology, attention has been placed on natural light-sensitive compounds that exhibit photoreactivity to expand the structural diversity of natural product chemistry. Photochemical reactions that proceed via a free radical mechanism could be used to modulate the radical-scavenging ability of natural products as well as involve structural change. As the health benefits of radicals are also presented, there is a need for a controllable radical scavenging method for topical and selective application. In this study, we developed a novel acquisition and processing method to identify light-controlled radical scavengers in plant extracts and evaluate their antioxidant activity under light irradiation based on in situ UV-LED NMR spectroscopy. Using the developed method, licochalcones A and B, in which the trans and cis isomers undergo reversible photoisomerization, were selectively identified from licorice root extract, and their light-induced free radical scavenging activity was confirmed.
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3
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Metelitsa AV, Chernyshev AV, Voloshin NA, Solov'eva EV, Dorogan IV. Chromogenic properties of heterocyclic compounds: Barochromic effect of indoline spiropyrans in the gas phase. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2022.113982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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4
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Substrate Photoswitching for Rate Enhancement of an Organocatalytic Cyclization Reaction. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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5
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Optical Fibre-Enabled Photoswitching for Localised Activation of an Anti-Cancer Therapeutic Drug. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms221910844. [PMID: 34639185 PMCID: PMC8509559 DOI: 10.3390/ijms221910844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2021] [Revised: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Local activation of an anti-cancer drug when and where needed can improve selectivity and reduce undesirable side effects. Photoswitchable drugs can be selectively switched between active and inactive states by illumination with light; however, the clinical development of these drugs has been restricted by the difficulty in delivering light deep into tissue where needed. Optical fibres have great potential for light delivery in vivo, but their use in facilitating photoswitching in anti-cancer compounds has not yet been explored. In this paper, a photoswitchable chemotherapeutic is switched using an optical fibre, and the cytotoxicity of each state is measured against HCT-116 colorectal cancer cells. The performance of optical-fibre-enabled photoswitching is characterised through its dose response. The UV–Vis spectra confirm light delivered by an optical fibre effectively enables photoswitching. The activated drug is shown to be twice as effective as the inactive drug in causing cancer cell death, characterised using an MTT assay and fluorescent microscopy. This is the first study in which a photoswitchable anti-cancer compound is switched using an optical fibre and demonstrates the feasibility of using optical fibres to activate photoswitchable drugs for potential future clinical applications.
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6
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Ferreira P, Moncelsi G, Aragay G, Ballester P. Hydrogen-Bonded Dimeric Capsules with Appended Spiropyran Units: Towards Controlled Cargo Release. Chemistry 2021; 27:12675-12685. [PMID: 34097321 PMCID: PMC8456926 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
We report the synthesis of unprecedented tetra-urea derivatives of calix[4]arene and calix[4]pyrrole containing four spiropyran (SP) units at their upper rim. We investigate the photo- and acid-induced isomerization of the monomeric and homo-dimeric tetra-ureas derivatives using UV-Vis and 1 H NMR spectroscopies. At micromolar concentration, irradiation of the samples with 365 nm light induces changes in their absorption spectra that are consistent with SP→merocyanine (MC) isomerization. However, analogous experiments at millimolar concentration do not produce noticeable changes in the 1 H NMR spectra. The addition of triflic acid to micromolar and millimolar solutions of the tetra-ureas produces the quantitative isomerization of the SP units to the protonated merocyanine form (E-MCH+ ) and the simultaneous disassembly of the capsular dimers to form ill-defined aggregates. The neutralization of the acid solutions resets the SP form. Under these acid/base treatment conditions, the controlled release of the included guest and the reassembly of the all-SP tetra-urea dimers occurs at different extents depending on its calix[4]arene or calix[4]pyrrole scaffold.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Ferreira
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain.,Department de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), c/Marcel⋅lí Domingo 1, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Giulia Moncelsi
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain.,Department de Química Analítica i Química Orgànica, Universitat Rovira i Virgili (URV), c/Marcel⋅lí Domingo 1, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Gemma Aragay
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain
| | - Pablo Ballester
- Institute of Chemical Research of Catalonia (ICIQ), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007, Tarragona, Spain.,ICREA, Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08101, Barcelona, Spain
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7
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Metelitsa A, Chernyshev A, Voloshin N, Demidov O, Solov’eva E, Rostovtseva I, Gaeva E. Photo-controlled bipolar absorption switches based on 5-dimethylamino substituted indoline spiropyrans with semipermanent merocyanines. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj02371c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A new element for molecular logic and all-optical information processing is proposed on the basis of P- and T-type photochromic systems existing as equilibrium of isomeric forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anatoly Metelitsa
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry
- Southern Federal University
- Russia
| | - Anatoly Chernyshev
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry
- Southern Federal University
- Russia
| | - Nikolai Voloshin
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry
- Southern Federal University
- Russia
| | - Oleg Demidov
- North-Caucasus Federal University
- Stavropol
- Russia
| | - Ekaterina Solov’eva
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry
- Southern Federal University
- Russia
| | - Irina Rostovtseva
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry
- Southern Federal University
- Russia
| | - Elena Gaeva
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry
- Southern Federal University
- Russia
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8
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Skubi KL, Swords WB, Hofstetter H, Yoon TP. LED-NMR Monitoring of an Enantioselective Catalytic [2+2] Photocycloaddition. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2020; 4:685-690. [PMID: 34532566 PMCID: PMC8443221 DOI: 10.1002/cptc.202000094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
We report that an NMR spectrometer equipped with a high-power LED light source can be used to study a fast enantioselective photocatalytic [2+2] cycloaddition. While traditional ex situ applications of NMR provide considerable information on reaction mechanisms, they are often ineffective for observing fast reactions. Recently, motivated by renewed interest in organic photochemistry, several approaches have been reported for in situ monitoring of photochemical reactions. These previously disclosed methods, however, have rarely been applied to rapid (<5 min) photochemical reactions. Furthermore, these approaches have not previously been used to interrogate the mechanisms of photocatalytic energy-transfer reactions. In the present work, we describe our experimental setup and demonstrate its utility by determining a phenomenological rate law for a model photocatalytic energy-transfer cycloaddition reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazimer L Skubi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI (USA)
- Department of Chemistry, Skidmore College, 815 North Broadway, Saratoga Springs, NY (USA)
| | - Wesley B Swords
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI (USA)
| | - Heike Hofstetter
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI (USA)
| | - Tehshik P Yoon
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 1101 University Avenue, Madison, WI (USA)
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9
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Nitschke P, Lokesh N, Gschwind RM. Combination of illumination and high resolution NMR spectroscopy: Key features and practical aspects, photochemical applications, and new concepts. PROGRESS IN NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 114-115:86-134. [PMID: 31779887 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnmrs.2019.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2019] [Revised: 06/04/2019] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In the last decade, photochemical and photocatalytic applications have developed into one of the dominant research fields in chemistry. However, mechanistic investigations to sustain this enormous progress are still relatively sparse and in high demand by the photochemistry community. UV/Vis spectroscopy and EPR spectroscopy have been the main spectroscopic tools to study the mechanisms of photoreactions due to their higher time resolution and sensitivity. On the other hand, application of NMR in photosystems has been mainly restricted to photo-CIDNP, since the initial photoexcitation was thought to be the single key to understand photoinduced reactions. In 2015 the Gschwind group showcased the possibility that different reaction pathways could occur from the same photoexcited state depending on the reaction conditions by using in situ LED illumination NMR. This was the starting point to push the active participation of NMR in photosystems to its full potential, including reaction profiling, structure determination of intermediates, downstream mechanistic studies, dark pathways, intermediate sequencing with CEST etc. Following this, multiple studies using in situ illumination NMR have been reported focusing on mechanistic investigations in photocatalysis, photoswitches, and polymerizations. The recent increased popularity of this technique can be attributed to the simplicity of the experimental setup and the availability of low cost, high power LEDs. Here, we review the development of experimental design, applications and new concepts of illuminated NMR. In the first part, we describe the development of different designs of NMR illumination apparatus, illuminating from the bottom/side/top/inside, and discuss their pros and cons for specific applications. Furthermore, we address LASERs and LEDs as different light sources as well as special cases such as UVNMR(-illumination), FlowNMR, NMR on a Chip etc. To complete the discussion on experimental apparatus, the advantages and disadvantages of in situ LED illumination NMR versus ex situ illumination NMR are described. The second part of this review discusses different facets of applications of inside illumination experiments. It highlights newly revealed mechanistic and structural information and ideas in the fields of photocatalyis, photoswitches and photopolymerization. Finally, we present new concepts and methods based on the combination of NMR and illumination such as sensitivity enhancement, chemical pump probes, experimental access to transition state combinations and NMR actinometry. Overall this review presents NMR spectroscopy as a complementary tool to UV/Vis spectroscopy in mechanistic and structural investigations of photochemical processes. The review is presented in a way that is intended to assist the photochemistry and photocatalysis community in adopting and understanding this astonishingly powerful in situ LED illumination NMR method for their investigations on a daily basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Nitschke
- Organic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany
| | | | - Ruth M Gschwind
- Organic Chemistry, University of Regensburg, 93040 Regensburg, Germany.
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10
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Stadler E, Tassoti S, Lentes P, Herges R, Glasnov T, Zangger K, Gescheidt G. In Situ Observation of Photoswitching by NMR Spectroscopy: A Photochemical Analogue to the Exchange Spectroscopy Experiment. Anal Chem 2019; 91:11367-11373. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b02613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eduard Stadler
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Sebastian Tassoti
- Institute of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstraße 28, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Pascal Lentes
- Otto Diels Institute for Organic Chemistry, University of Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 4, DE-24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Rainer Herges
- Otto Diels Institute for Organic Chemistry, University of Kiel, Otto-Hahn-Platz 4, DE-24118 Kiel, Germany
| | - Toma Glasnov
- Institute of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstraße 28, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Klaus Zangger
- Institute of Chemistry, Organic and Bioorganic Chemistry, University of Graz, Heinrichstraße 28, A-8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Georg Gescheidt
- Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Graz University of Technology, Stremayrgasse 9, A-8010 Graz, Austria
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11
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Chernyshev A, Voloshin N, Solov’eva E, Gaeva E, Zubavichus YV, Lazarenko V, Vlasenko V, Khrustalev V, Metelitsa A. Ion-depended photochromism of oxadiazole containing spiropyrans. J Photochem Photobiol A Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochem.2019.04.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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12
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Procházková E, Navrátil R, Janeba Z, Roithová J, Baszczyňski O. Reactive cyclic intermediates in the ProTide prodrugs activation: trapping the elusive pentavalent phosphorane. Org Biomol Chem 2019; 17:315-320. [PMID: 30543240 DOI: 10.1039/c8ob02870b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Nucleotide prodrugs (ProTides) based on phosphate or phosphonate compounds are potent and successfully marketed antiviral drugs. Although their biological properties are well explored, experimental evidence on the mechanism of their activation pathway is still missing. In this study, we synthesized two ProTide analogues, which can be activated by UV light. Using 31P and 13C NMR spectroscopy with in situ irradiation, we followed the ProTide activation pathway in various solvents, and we detected the first proposed intermediate and the monoamidate product. Furthermore, we used mass spectrometry (MS) coupled with infrared spectroscopy in the gas phase to detect and to characterize the elusive cyclic pentavalent phosphorane and cyclic acyl phosphoramidate intermediates. Our combined NMR and MS data provided the first experimental evidence of the cyclic intermediates in the activation pathway of ProTide prodrugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eliška Procházková
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Prague 6, Czech Republic.
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13
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Grimm O, Maßmann SC, Schacher FH. Synthesis and solution behaviour of dual light- and temperature-responsive poly(triethylene glycol-co-spiropyran) copolymers and block copolymers. Polym Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9py00458k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
We herein report on the synthesis and characterization of materials featuring a dual-responsive copolymer segment consisting of photo-responsive spiropyran (SPA) and temperature-responsive triethylene glycol acrylate (TEGA).
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Grimm
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)
- Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena
- D-07743 Jena
- Germany
| | - Sarina C. Maßmann
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)
- Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena
- D-07743 Jena
- Germany
| | - Felix H. Schacher
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)
- Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena
- D-07743 Jena
- Germany
- Jena Centre for Soft Matter (JCSM)
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14
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Chernyshev AV, Voloshin NA, Sletova VV, Metelitsa AV. Chromogenic Spiroindolinobenzopyrans of the Oxadiazole Series with Photodriven Ionochromic Properties. DOKLADY CHEMISTRY 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s0012500818070030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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15
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Seegerer A, Nitschke P, Gschwind RM. Combined In Situ Illumination-NMR-UV/Vis Spectroscopy: A New Mechanistic Tool in Photochemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018; 57:7493-7497. [PMID: 29573313 PMCID: PMC6033024 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201801250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic applications in photochemistry are booming. Despite great progress in the development of new reactions, mechanistic investigations are still challenging. Therefore, we present a fully automated in situ combination of NMR spectroscopy, UV/Vis spectroscopy, and illumination to allow simultaneous and time-resolved detection of paramagnetic and diamagnetic species. This optical fiber-based setup enables the first acquisition of combined UV/Vis and NMR spectra in photocatalysis, as demonstrated on a conPET process. Furthermore, the broad applicability of combined UVNMR spectroscopy for light-induced processes is demonstrated on a structural and quantitative analysis of a photoswitch, including rate modulation and stabilization of transient species by temperature variation. Owing to the flexibility regarding the NMR hardware, temperature, and light sources, we expect wide-ranging applications of this setup in various research fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Seegerer
- Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of RegensburgUniversitätsstrasse 3193053RegensburgGermany
| | - Philipp Nitschke
- Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of RegensburgUniversitätsstrasse 3193053RegensburgGermany
| | - Ruth M. Gschwind
- Institute of Organic ChemistryUniversity of RegensburgUniversitätsstrasse 3193053RegensburgGermany
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16
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Schönbein AK, Kind J, Thiele CM, Michels JJ. Full Quantification of the Light-Mediated Gilch Polymerization. Macromolecules 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.8b00607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jonas Kind
- Clemens-Schöpf-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 16, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Christina M. Thiele
- Clemens-Schöpf-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 16, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Jasper J. Michels
- Max Planck Institute
for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
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17
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Grimm O, Schacher FH. Dual Stimuli-Responsive P(NIPAAm-co-SPA) Copolymers: Synthesis and Response in Solution and in Films. Polymers (Basel) 2018; 10:E645. [PMID: 30966679 PMCID: PMC6403943 DOI: 10.3390/polym10060645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2018] [Revised: 05/28/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
We present the synthesis and solution properties of dual stimuli-responsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-spiropyran acrylate) (P(NIPAAm-co-SPA)) copolymers of varying composition prepared via nitroxide-mediated copolymerization. The resulting copolymers feature molar masses from 40,000 to 100,000 g/mol according to static light scattering and an SPA content of up to 5.3%. The latter was determined by ¹H NMR spectroscopy and UV⁻Vis spectroscopy. These materials exhibit reversible response upon irradiation in polymeric films for a minimum of three cycles; their response in solution to both light and temperature was also investigated in an aqueous TRIS buffer (pH 8). Irradiation was carried out using LED setups with wavelengths of 365 and 590 nm. In aqueous solution, a custom-made setup using a fiber-coupled 200 W Hg(Xe) lamp with 340 and 540 nm filters was used and additional heating of the copolymer solutions during irradiation allowed to study influence of the presence of either the spiropyran or merocyanine form on the cloud point temperature. Hereby, it was found that increasing the SPA content leads to a more pronounced difference between both states and decreasing cloud points in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Grimm
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, D-07743 Jena, Germany.
| | - Felix H Schacher
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC), Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Humboldtstraße 10, D-07743 Jena, Germany.
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Philosophenweg 7, D-07743 Jena, Germany.
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18
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Čechová L, Kind J, Dračínský M, Filo J, Janeba Z, Thiele CM, Cigáň M, Procházková E. Photoswitching Behavior of 5-Phenylazopyrimidines: In Situ Irradiation NMR and Optical Spectroscopy Combined with Theoretical Methods. J Org Chem 2018; 83:5986-5998. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.8b00569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucie Čechová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, Prague 16610, Czech Republic
| | - Jonas Kind
- Clemens-Schöpf-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Strasse 16, Darmstadt 64287, Germany
| | - Martin Dračínský
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, Prague 16610, Czech Republic
| | - Juraj Filo
- Institute of Chemistry, Comenius University, Ilkovičova 6, Bratislava 84215, Slovakia
| | - Zlatko Janeba
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, Prague 16610, Czech Republic
| | - Christina M. Thiele
- Clemens-Schöpf-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Strasse 16, Darmstadt 64287, Germany
| | - Marek Cigáň
- Institute of Chemistry, Comenius University, Ilkovičova 6, Bratislava 84215, Slovakia
| | - Eliška Procházková
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, Prague 16610, Czech Republic
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19
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Seegerer A, Nitschke P, Gschwind RM. Combined In Situ Illumination-NMR-UV/Vis Spectroscopy: A New Mechanistic Tool in Photochemistry. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201801250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Seegerer
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; University of Regensburg; Universitätsstrasse 31 93053 Regensburg Germany
| | - Philipp Nitschke
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; University of Regensburg; Universitätsstrasse 31 93053 Regensburg Germany
| | - Ruth M. Gschwind
- Institute of Organic Chemistry; University of Regensburg; Universitätsstrasse 31 93053 Regensburg Germany
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20
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Rostovtseva IA, Voloshin NA, Solov’eva EV, Shepelenko KE, Chernyshev AV, Metelitsa AV, Minkin VI. Photo- and Ionochromism of Benzoxazolyl-Substituted Spirobenzopyrans. DOKLADY CHEMISTRY 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s0012500818030011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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21
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Stadler E, Dommaschk M, Frühwirt P, Herges R, Gescheidt G. Speeding up NMR by in Situ Photo-Induced Reversible Acceleration of T
1
-Relaxation (PIRAT). Chemphyschem 2018; 19:571-574. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201701304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eduard Stadler
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie; Technische Universität Graz; Stremayrgasse 9 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Marcel Dommaschk
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Otto-Hahn-Platz 4 24098 Kiel Germany
| | - Philipp Frühwirt
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie; Technische Universität Graz; Stremayrgasse 9 8010 Graz Austria
| | - Rainer Herges
- Institut für Organische Chemie; Otto-Hahn-Platz 4 24098 Kiel Germany
| | - Georg Gescheidt
- Institut für Physikalische und Theoretische Chemie; Technische Universität Graz; Stremayrgasse 9 8010 Graz Austria
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22
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Procházková E, Čechová L, Kind J, Janeba Z, Thiele CM, Dračínský M. Photoswitchable Intramolecular Hydrogen Bonds in 5-Phenylazopyrimidines Revealed By In Situ Irradiation NMR Spectroscopy. Chemistry 2017; 24:492-498. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eliška Procházková
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; Czech Academy of Sciences; Flemingovo nám. 2 16610 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Lucie Čechová
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; Czech Academy of Sciences; Flemingovo nám. 2 16610 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Jonas Kind
- Clemens-Schöpf Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie; Technische Universität Darmstadt; Alarich-Weiss Strasse 16 64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Zlatko Janeba
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; Czech Academy of Sciences; Flemingovo nám. 2 16610 Prague 6 Czech Republic
| | - Christina M. Thiele
- Clemens-Schöpf Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie; Technische Universität Darmstadt; Alarich-Weiss Strasse 16 64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Martin Dračínský
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry; Czech Academy of Sciences; Flemingovo nám. 2 16610 Prague 6 Czech Republic
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23
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Bretler S, Bretler U, Margel S. Engineering of new spiropyran photochromic fluorescent polymeric nanoparticles of narrow size distribution by emulsion polymerization process. Eur Polym J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2017.01.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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24
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Dolinski ND, Page ZA, Eisenreich F, Niu J, Hecht S, Read de Alaniz J, Hawker CJ. A Versatile Approach for In Situ Monitoring of Photoswitches and Photopolymerizations. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.201600045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Neil D. Dolinski
- Materials Department, Materials Research Laboratory, UCSB University of California Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA
| | - Zachariah A. Page
- Materials Department, Materials Research Laboratory, UCSB University of California Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA
| | - Fabian Eisenreich
- Materials Department, Materials Research Laboratory, UCSB University of California Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA
- Department of Chemistry and IRIS Adlershof Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Brook-Taylor-Str. 2 12489 Berlin Germany
| | - Jia Niu
- Materials Department, Materials Research Laboratory, UCSB University of California Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA
| | - Stefan Hecht
- Department of Chemistry and IRIS Adlershof Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Brook-Taylor-Str. 2 12489 Berlin Germany
| | - Javier Read de Alaniz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCSB University of California Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA
| | - Craig J. Hawker
- Materials Department, Materials Research Laboratory, UCSB University of California Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, UCSB University of California Santa Barbara CA 93106 USA
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25
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Kind J, Kaltschnee L, Leyendecker M, Thiele CM. Distinction of trans–cis photoisomers with comparable optical properties in multiple-state photochromic systems – examining a molecule with three azobenzenes via in situ irradiation NMR spectroscopy. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:12506-12509. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cc06771a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In situ irradiation NMR spectroscopy allows for the distinction and quantification of different photoisomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Kind
- Clemens-Schöpf-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie
- Technische Universität Darmstadt
- D-64287 Darmstadt
- Germany
| | - Lukas Kaltschnee
- Clemens-Schöpf-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie
- Technische Universität Darmstadt
- D-64287 Darmstadt
- Germany
| | - Martin Leyendecker
- Clemens-Schöpf-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie
- Technische Universität Darmstadt
- D-64287 Darmstadt
- Germany
| | - Christina M. Thiele
- Clemens-Schöpf-Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie
- Technische Universität Darmstadt
- D-64287 Darmstadt
- Germany
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