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Fuentes F, Contreras MJ, Arroyo-Salvo C, Cabrera P P, Silva M, Merino O, Arias ME, Felmer R. Effect of exogenous sperm capacitation inducers on stallion sperm. Theriogenology 2024; 226:29-38. [PMID: 38824691 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Although under appropriate laboratory conditions, sperm from different mammalian species can be capacitated in vitro, the optimal conditions for sperm capacitation in the stallion have been elusive. This study evaluated the effect of different capacitating inducers in Whitten and Tyrode media and assessed their impact on capacitation-related factors. Stallion sperm were incubated with different combinations of capacitating inducers at 38.5 °C in an air atmosphere. Sperm quality variables such as motility, mitochondrial membrane potential, and lipid peroxidation were assessed. Membrane fluidity and intracellular calcium levels were evaluated as early markers of capacitation, while tyrosine phosphorylation events and the sperm's ability to perform acrosomal exocytosis were used as late capacitation markers. Finally, these sperm were evaluated using a heterologous zona pellucida binding assay. The findings confirm that capacitating conditions evaluated increase intracellular calcium levels and membrane fluidity in both media. Similarly, including 2 or 3 inducers in both media increased tyrosine phosphorylation levels and acrosomal exocytosis after exposure to progesterone, confirming that stallion sperm incubated in these conditions shows cellular and molecular changes consistent with sperm capacitation. Furthermore, the zona pellucida binding assay confirmed the binding capacity of sperm incubated in capacitation conditions, a key step for stallion in vitro fertilization success. Further studies are needed to evaluate the effect of these conditions on in vitro fertilization in the horse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Fuentes
- Laboratory of Reproduction, Center of Reproductive Biotechnology (CEBIOR-BIOREN), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile; Doctoral Program in Applied Cellular and Molecular Biology, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Maria Jose Contreras
- Laboratory of Reproduction, Center of Reproductive Biotechnology (CEBIOR-BIOREN), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Camila Arroyo-Salvo
- Laboratory of Reproduction, Center of Reproductive Biotechnology (CEBIOR-BIOREN), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Paulina Cabrera P
- Laboratory of Reproduction, Center of Reproductive Biotechnology (CEBIOR-BIOREN), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Mauricio Silva
- Department of Veterinary Sciences and Public Health, Universidad Catolica de Temuco, Temuco, Chile
| | - Osvaldo Merino
- Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine. Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Maria Elena Arias
- Laboratory of Reproduction, Center of Reproductive Biotechnology (CEBIOR-BIOREN), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile; Department of Agricultural Production, Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Ricardo Felmer
- Laboratory of Reproduction, Center of Reproductive Biotechnology (CEBIOR-BIOREN), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile; Department of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.
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2
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Pasquariello R, Pennarossa G, Arcuri S, Fernandez-Fuertes B, Lonergan P, Brevini TAL, Gandolfi F. Sperm fertilizing ability in vitro influences bovine blastocyst miRNA content. Theriogenology 2024; 222:1-9. [PMID: 38581760 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2024.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small highly conserved non-coding RNA molecules that orchestrate a wide range of biological processes through post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. During development, miRNAs play a key role in driving embryo patterning and morphogenesis in a specific and stage-dependent manner. Here, we investigated whether sperm from bulls with different fertilizing ability in vitro influence blastocyst quality and miRNA content. Results demonstrate that blastocysts obtained using sperm from high fertility sires (H group) display significantly greater cleavage and blastocyst development as well as greater transcript abundance in blastocysts for the developmental competence markers CDX2, KRT8, NANOG, OCT4, PLAC8, PTGS2, SOX17, and SOX2, compared to blastocysts generated using sperm from low fertility sires (L group). In parallel, high throughput deep sequencing and differential expression studies revealed that H blastocysts exhibit a greater miRNA content compared to L blastocysts, with hsa-miR-4755-5p and hsa-miR-548d-3p uniquely detected in the H group, and greater abundance of hsa-miR-1225-3p in the H group. Gene ontology (GO) and KEGG pathway analyses indicated that the 3 differentially expressed miRNAs identified are involved in the regulation of many biological mechanisms with a key role in aspects of early embryo development, including transcriptional regulation, cellular biosynthesis, nucleic acid metabolism, cellular differentiation, apoptosis, cytoskeleton remodeling, cell-to-cell interactions, and endocytosis. Overall, our results indicate that sperm fertilizing ability influences blastocyst developmental ability and miRNA content. In addition, we demonstrate an association between blastocyst quality and miRNA content, thus suggesting the possibility to score miRNA expression as biomarkers for improved routine embryo selection technologies to support assisted reproductive efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rolando Pasquariello
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences - Production, Landscape, Agroenergy, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
| | - Georgia Pennarossa
- Laboratory of Biomedical Embryology and Tissue Engineering, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Center for Stem Cell Research, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Sharon Arcuri
- Laboratory of Biomedical Embryology and Tissue Engineering, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Center for Stem Cell Research, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Beatriz Fernandez-Fuertes
- Animal Reproduction Department, National Institute for Agricultural and Food Research and Technology (INIA), Madrid, Spain
| | - Patrick Lonergan
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Tiziana A L Brevini
- Laboratory of Biomedical Embryology and Tissue Engineering, Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, Center for Stem Cell Research, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Fulvio Gandolfi
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences - Production, Landscape, Agroenergy, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy
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3
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Gualtieri R, De Gregorio V, Candela A, Travaglione A, Genovese V, Barbato V, Talevi R. In Vitro Culture of Mammalian Embryos: Is There Room for Improvement? Cells 2024; 13:996. [PMID: 38920627 PMCID: PMC11202082 DOI: 10.3390/cells13120996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Preimplantation embryo culture, pivotal in assisted reproductive technology (ART), has lagged in innovation compared to embryo selection advancements. This review examines the persisting gap between in vivo and in vitro embryo development, emphasizing the need for improved culture conditions. While in humans this gap is hardly estimated, animal models, particularly bovines, reveal clear disparities in developmental competence, cryotolerance, pregnancy and live birth rates between in vitro-produced (IVP) and in vivo-derived (IVD) embryos. Molecular analyses unveil distinct differences in morphology, metabolism, and genomic stability, underscoring the need for refining culture conditions for better ART outcomes. To this end, a deeper comprehension of oviduct physiology and embryo transport is crucial for grasping embryo-maternal interactions' mechanisms. Research on autocrine and paracrine factors, and extracellular vesicles in embryo-maternal tract interactions, elucidates vital communication networks for successful implantation and pregnancy. In vitro, confinement, and embryo density are key factors to boost embryo development. Advanced dynamic culture systems mimicking fluid mechanical stimulation in the oviduct, through vibration, tilting, and microfluidic methods, and the use of innovative softer substrates, hold promise for optimizing in vitro embryo development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Gualtieri
- Department of Biology, University of Naples ‘’Federico II’’, Complesso Universitario Di Monte S. Angelo, Via Cinthia, 80126 Naples, Italy; (V.D.G.); (A.C.); (A.T.); (V.G.); (V.B.); (R.T.)
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4
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Mazzarella R, Cañón-Beltrán K, Cajas YN, Hamdi M, González EM, da Silveira JC, Leal CLV, Rizos D. Extracellular vesicles-coupled miRNAs from oviduct and uterus modulate signaling pathways related to lipid metabolism and bovine early embryo development. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2024; 15:51. [PMID: 38570884 PMCID: PMC10993494 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-024-01008-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extracellular vesicles (EVs) present in oviductal (OF) and uterine fluid (UF) have been shown to enhance bovine embryo quality during in vitro culture by reducing lipid contents and modulating lipid metabolism-related genes (LMGs), while also influencing cell proliferation, suggesting their involvement on the regulation of different biological pathways. The regulation of signaling pathways related to cell differentiation, proliferation, and metabolism is crucial for early embryo development and can determine the success or failure of the pregnancy. Bioactive molecules within EVs in maternal reproductive fluids, such as microRNAs (miRNAs), may contribute to this regulatory process as they modulate gene expression through post-transcriptional mechanisms. RESULTS From the 20 differentially expressed miRNAs, 19 up-regulated in UF-EVs (bta-miR-134, bta-miR-151-3p, bta-miR-155, bta-miR-188, bta-miR-181b, bta-miR-181d, bta-miR-224, bta-miR-23b-3p, bta-miR-24-3p, bta-miR-27a-3p, bta-miR-29a, bta-miR-324, bta-miR-326, bta-miR-345-3p, bta-miR-410, bta-miR-652, bta-miR-677, bta-miR-873 and bta-miR-708) and one (bta-miR-148b) in OF-EVs. These miRNAs were predicted to modulate several pathways such as Wnt, Hippo, MAPK, and lipid metabolism and degradation. Differences in miRNAs found in OF-EVs from the early luteal phase and UF-EVs from mid-luteal phase may reflect different environments to meet the changing needs of the embryo. Additionally, miRNAs may be involved, particularly in the uterus, in the regulation of embryo lipid metabolism, immune system, and implantation. This study evaluated miRNA cargo in OF-EVs from the early luteal phase and UF-EVs from the mid-luteal phase, coinciding with embryo transit within oviduct and uterus in vivo, and its possible influence on LMGs and signaling pathways crucial for early embryo development. A total of 333 miRNAs were detected, with 11 exclusive to OF, 59 to UF, and 263 were common between both groups. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that miRNAs within OF- and UF-EVs could modulate bovine embryo development and quality, providing insights into the intricate maternal-embryonic communication that might be involved in modulating lipid metabolism, immune response, and implantation during early pregnancy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Karina Cañón-Beltrán
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Yulia N Cajas
- Department Agrarian Production, Technical University of Madrid, UPM, Madrid, Spain
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja,, UTPL, Loja, Ecuador
| | - Meriem Hamdi
- Department of Animal Reproduction, INIA-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Claudia L V Leal
- Department of Animal Reproduction, INIA-CSIC, Madrid, Spain
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, FZEA-USP, Pirassununga, Brazil
| | - D Rizos
- Department of Animal Reproduction, INIA-CSIC, Madrid, Spain.
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5
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Cañón-Beltrán K, García-García RM, Cajas YN, Fierro N, Lorenzo PL, Arias-Álvarez M. Improvement of oocyte competence and in vitro oocyte maturation with EGF and IGF-I in Guinea pig model. Theriogenology 2024; 214:206-214. [PMID: 37907035 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2023.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023]
Abstract
In vitro maturation (IVM) system is an alternative method to superovulation protocols to obtain mature oocytes. Epidermal Growth Factor (EGF) and Insulin-like Growth Factor I (IGF-I) have been widely used in IVM medium in different species. Although the guinea pig is a valuable animal model for reproductive studies, IVM is rarely used. We aimed to establish a suitable in vitro production system using EGF and/or IGF-I during IVM to improve oocyte competence. Firstly, immunolocalization of EGF and IGF-I receptors in the ovary was assessed. An IVM dose-response experiment was performed with cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) supplemented with: 1) EGF [0, 10, 50, 100 ng/mL or 10% fetal calf serum (FCS)]; 2) IGF-I [0, 50, 100, 200 ng/mL or 10% FCS]; or 3) the concentrations of EGF and IGF-I which showed the best IVM index in the previous experiments, with or without Fetal Calf Serum (FCS). Cortical granule and mitochondria distribution patterns were determined in in vivo and in vitro-matured oocytes for the first time in this species. Apoptotic rate after IVM and oocyte competence by in vitro embryo development were evaluated. Immunohistochemistry results showed positive immunostaining of EGF and IGF receptors in corpus luteum, oocytes, granulosa and theca cells in follicles in all stages of development. Supplementation of IVM medium with 50 ng/mL EGF or 100 ng/mL IGF-I or their combination with FCS successfully led to oocyte nuclear and cytoplasmic maturation and reduced the apoptotic rate. Both growth factors improved oocyte competence during IVM in this species since early embryos were in vitro developed, showing better results when FCS was used in the IVM medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina Cañón-Beltrán
- Department of Physiology, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid - UCM, 28040, Spain; Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja - UTPL, Loja, 11-01-608, Ecuador.
| | - Rosa M García-García
- Department of Physiology, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid - UCM, 28040, Spain
| | - Yulia N Cajas
- Laboratorio de Biotecnología de la Reproducción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Cuenca (UC), Cuenca, EC010205, Ecuador
| | - Natacha Fierro
- Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja - UTPL, Loja, 11-01-608, Ecuador
| | - Pedro L Lorenzo
- Department of Physiology, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid - UCM, 28040, Spain
| | - María Arias-Álvarez
- Department of Animal Production, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid - UCM, 28040, Spain.
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6
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Bresnahan DR, Catandi GD, Peters SO, Maclellan LJ, Broeckling CD, Carnevale EM. Maturation and culture affect the metabolomic profile of oocytes and follicular cells in young and old mares. Front Cell Dev Biol 2024; 11:1280998. [PMID: 38283993 PMCID: PMC10811030 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1280998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Oocytes and follicular somatic cells within the ovarian follicle are altered during maturation and after exposure to culture in vitro. In the present study, we used a nontargeted metabolomics approach to assess changes in oocytes, cumulus cells, and granulosa cells from dominant, follicular-phase follicles in young and old mares. Methods: Samples were collected at three stages associated with oocyte maturation: (1) GV, germinal vesicle stage, prior to the induction of follicle/oocyte maturation in vivo; (2) MI, metaphase I, maturing, collected 24 h after induction of maturation in vivo; and (3) MIIC, metaphase II, mature with collection 24 h after induction of maturation in vivo plus 18 h of culture in vitro. Samples were analyzed using gas and liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry only when all three stages of a specific cell type were obtained from the same mare. Results and Discussion: Significant differences in metabolite abundance were most often associated with MIIC, with some of the differences appearing to be linked to the final stage of maturation and others to exposure to culture medium. While differences occurred for many metabolite groups, some of the most notable were detected for energy and lipid metabolism and amino acid abundance. The study demonstrated that metabolomics has potential to aid in optimizing culture methods and evaluating cell culture additives to support differences in COCs associated with maternal factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Bresnahan
- Department of Animal Sciences, Berry College, Mount Berry, GA, United States
| | - G D Catandi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - S O Peters
- Department of Animal Sciences, Berry College, Mount Berry, GA, United States
| | - L J Maclellan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - C D Broeckling
- Proteomic and Metabolomics Core Facility, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - E M Carnevale
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
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7
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Tripathi SK, Nandi S, Gupta PSP, Mondal S. Antioxidants supplementation improves the quality of in vitro produced ovine embryos with amendments in key development gene expressions. Theriogenology 2023; 201:41-52. [PMID: 36827868 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.11.048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The present study assessed the effects of supplementation of different antioxidants on oocyte maturation, embryo production, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and expression of key developmental genes. In this study, using ovine as an animal model, we tested the hypothesis that antioxidant supplementation enhanced the developmental competence of oocytes. Ovine oocytes aspirated from local abattoir-derived ovaries were subjected to IVM with different concentrations of antioxidants [(Melatonin, Ascorbic acid (Vit C), alpha-tocopherol (Vit E), Sodium selenite (SS)]. Oocytes matured without any antioxidant supplementation were used as controls. The oocytes were assessed for maturation rates and ROS levels. Further, embryo production rates in terms of cleavage, blastocysts and total cell numbers were evaluated after performing in vitro fertilization. Real-Time PCR analysis was used to evaluate the expression of stress related gene (SOD-1), growth related (GDF-9, BMP-15), and apoptosis-related genes (BCL-2 and BAX). We observed that maturation rates were significantly higher in alpha-tocopherol (100 μM; 92.4%) groups followed by melatonin (30 μM; 89.1%) group. However, blastocyst rates in ascorbic acid (100 μM; 19.5%), melatonin (30 μM; 18.4%), alpha-tocopherol (100 μM; 18.2%), and sodium selenite (20 μM; 16.9%) groups were significantly higher (P 0.05) than that observed in the control groups. Total cell numbers in blastocysts in the melatonin, ascorbic acid and alpha-tocopherol groups were significantly higher than those observed in sodium selenite and control groups. ROS production was reduced in groups treated with melatonin (30 μM), vitamin C (100 μM), sodium selenite (20 μM) and α-tocopherol (200 μM) compared with that observed in the control group. Supplementation of antioxidants caused the alterations in mRNA expression of growth, stress, and apoptosis related gene expression in matured oocytes. The results recommend that antioxidants alpha-tocopherol (200 μM), sodium selenite (40 μM), melatonin (30 μM) and ascorbic acid (100 μM) during IVM reduced the oxidative stress by decreasing ROS levels in oocytes, thus improving embryo quantity and quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Tripathi
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi, Bangalore, India
| | - S Nandi
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi, Bangalore, India.
| | - P S P Gupta
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi, Bangalore, India
| | - S Mondal
- ICAR-National Institute of Animal Nutrition and Physiology, Adugodi, Bangalore, India
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8
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Alpha-lipoic acid improves bovine preimplantation blastocyst quality and cryotolerance. Theriogenology 2023; 198:61-68. [PMID: 36563629 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2022.12.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In vitro embryo production has grown in recent decades due to its great potential for cattle production. However, the quality of in vitro-produced embryos is lower compared with those produced in vivo. The postfertilization culture environment has a major influence on bovine embryo quality. We hypothesize that the inclusion of the inclusion of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) in the in vitro culture (IVC) medium during the first 24 h would have positive effects on embryo development in vitro and cryotolerance. The aims of this study were to evaluate the antioxidant effect of ALA in IVC medium for 24 h on bovine zygotes (21 h post in vitro fertilization, IVF), day 2 cleaved embryos (46 h post-IVF), and to assess embryo quality, developmental competence, and cryotolerance after vitrification. In all experiments, IVC medium was the Control, and 2.5 μM ALA was the treatment implemented. Viability and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in zygotes and day 2 embryos did not differ from the Control (P > 0.05). Supplementation with ALA increased total blastocyst and hatching rates (P < 0.05). It also improved embryo quality, evidenced by the increased blastocyst total cell number and the percentage of excellent-quality embryos observed (P < 0.05). In embryos cultured with ALA and then vitrified, ALA reduced intracellular ROS levels in warmed blastocysts (P < 0.05). In conclusion, ALA supplementation to IVC medium during 24 h is a new advantage in improving embryo quality for assisted bovine reproduction.
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9
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Effects of fetal bovine serum on trophectoderm and primitive endoderm cell allocation of in vitro-produced bovine embryos. ZYGOTE 2023; 31:44-50. [PMID: 36278322 DOI: 10.1017/s0967199422000491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Supplementing embryonic culture medium with fetal bovine serum (FBS) renders this medium undefined. Glucose and growth factors present in FBS may affect the results of cell differentiation studies. This study tested the hypothesis that FBS supplementation during in vitro culture (IVC) alters cell differentiation in early bovine embryo development. Bovine embryos were produced in vitro and randomly distributed into three experimental groups at 90 h post insemination (90 hpi): the KSOM-FBS group, which consisted of a 5% (v/v) FBS supplementation; the KSOM33 group, with the renewal of 33% of medium volume; and the KSOM-Zero group, without FBS supplementation nor renewal of the culture medium. The results showed that the blastocyst rate (blastocyst/oocytes) at 210 hpi in the KSOM-FBS group was higher than in the KSOM-Zero group but not different from the KSOM33 group. There were no significant changes in metabolism-related aspects, such as fluorescence intensities of CellROX Green and MitoTracker Red or reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD+). Immunofluorescence analysis of CDX2 revealed that the lack of FBS or medium supplementation reduced the number of trophectoderm (TE) cells and total cells. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed a reduction of SOX17-positive cell numbers after FBS supplementation compared with the KSOM33 group. Therefore, we concluded that FBS absence reduced blastocyst rates; however, no reduction occurred when there was a 33% volume renewal of the medium at 90 hpi. We also concluded that FBS supplementation altered TE and primitive endoderm cell allocation during early bovine embryo development.
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10
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Banliat C, Mahé C, Lavigne R, Com E, Pineau C, Labas V, Guyonnet B, Mermillod P, Saint-Dizier M. The proteomic analysis of bovine embryos developed in vivo or in vitro reveals the contribution of the maternal environment to early embryo. BMC Genomics 2022; 23:839. [PMID: 36536309 PMCID: PMC9764490 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-022-09076-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Despite many improvements with in vitro culture systems, the quality and developmental ability of mammalian embryos produced in vitro are still lower than their in vivo counterparts. Though previous studies have evidenced differences in gene expression between in vivo- and in vitro-derived bovine embryos, there is no comparison at the protein expression level. RESULTS A total of 38 pools of grade-1 quality bovine embryos at the 4-6 cell, 8-12 cell, morula, compact morula, and blastocyst stages developed either in vivo or in vitro were analyzed by nano-liquid chromatography coupled with label-free quantitative mass spectrometry, allowing for the identification of 3,028 proteins. Multivariate analysis of quantified proteins showed a clear separation of embryo pools according to their in vivo or in vitro origin at all stages. Three clusters of differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) were evidenced according to embryo origin, including 463 proteins more abundant in vivo than in vitro across development and 314 and 222 proteins more abundant in vitro than in vivo before and after the morula stage, respectively. The functional analysis of proteins found more abundant in vivo showed an enrichment in carbohydrate metabolism and cytoplasmic cellular components. Proteins found more abundant in vitro before the morula stage were mostly localized in mitochondrial matrix and involved in ATP-dependent activity, while those overabundant after the morula stage were mostly localized in the ribonucleoprotein complex and involved in protein synthesis. Oviductin and other oviductal proteins, previously shown to interact with early embryos, were among the most overabundant proteins after in vivo development. CONCLUSIONS The maternal environment led to higher degradation of mitochondrial proteins at early developmental stages, lower abundance of proteins involved in protein synthesis at the time of embryonic genome activation, and a global upregulation of carbohydrate metabolic pathways compared to in vitro production. Furthermore, embryos developed in vivo internalized large amounts of oviductin and other proteins probably originated in the oviduct as soon as the 4-6 cell stage. These data provide new insight into the molecular contribution of the mother to the developmental ability of early embryos and will help design better in vitro culture systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Banliat
- grid.12366.300000 0001 2182 6141INRAE, CNRS, Tours University, IFCE, UMR PRC, Nouzilly, France ,Union Evolution, Rue Eric Tabarly, Noyal-Sur-Vilaine, France
| | - Coline Mahé
- grid.12366.300000 0001 2182 6141INRAE, CNRS, Tours University, IFCE, UMR PRC, Nouzilly, France
| | - Régis Lavigne
- grid.410368.80000 0001 2191 9284Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail), UMR_S 1085, Rennes, France ,grid.410368.80000 0001 2191 9284Univ Rennes, CNRS, Inserm, Biosit UAR 3480 US_S 018, Protim Core Facility, Rennes, France
| | - Emmanuelle Com
- grid.410368.80000 0001 2191 9284Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail), UMR_S 1085, Rennes, France ,grid.410368.80000 0001 2191 9284Univ Rennes, CNRS, Inserm, Biosit UAR 3480 US_S 018, Protim Core Facility, Rennes, France
| | - Charles Pineau
- grid.410368.80000 0001 2191 9284Univ Rennes, Inserm, EHESP, Irset (Institut de Recherche en Santé, Environnement et Travail), UMR_S 1085, Rennes, France ,grid.410368.80000 0001 2191 9284Univ Rennes, CNRS, Inserm, Biosit UAR 3480 US_S 018, Protim Core Facility, Rennes, France
| | - Valérie Labas
- grid.12366.300000 0001 2182 6141INRAE, CNRS, Tours University, IFCE, UMR PRC, Nouzilly, France ,Pixanim, INRAE, Tours University, CHU of Tours, Nouzilly, France
| | - Benoit Guyonnet
- Union Evolution, Rue Eric Tabarly, Noyal-Sur-Vilaine, France
| | - Pascal Mermillod
- grid.12366.300000 0001 2182 6141INRAE, CNRS, Tours University, IFCE, UMR PRC, Nouzilly, France
| | - Marie Saint-Dizier
- grid.12366.300000 0001 2182 6141INRAE, CNRS, Tours University, IFCE, UMR PRC, Nouzilly, France
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11
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Leal CLV, Cañón-Beltrán K, Cajas YN, Hamdi M, Yaryes A, Millán de la Blanca MG, Beltrán-Breña P, Mazzarella R, da Silveira JC, Gutiérrez-Adán A, González EM, Rizos D. Extracellular vesicles from oviductal and uterine fluids supplementation in sequential in vitro culture improves bovine embryo quality. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2022; 13:116. [PMID: 36280872 PMCID: PMC9594899 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-022-00763-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background In vitro production of bovine embryos is a well-established technology, but the in vitro culture (IVC) system still warrants improvements, especially regarding embryo quality. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of extracellular vesicles (EVs) isolated from oviductal (OF) and uterine fluid (UF) in sequential IVC on the development and quality of bovine embryos. Zygotes were cultured in SOF supplemented with either BSA or EVs-depleted fetal calf serum (dFCS) in the presence (BSA-EV and dFCS-EV) or absence of EVs from OF (D1 to D4) and UF (D5 to D8), mimicking in vivo conditions. EVs from oviducts (early luteal phase) and uterine horns (mid-luteal phase) from slaughtered heifers were isolated by size exclusion chromatography. Blastocyst rate was recorded on days 7–8 and their quality was assessed based on lipid contents, mitochondrial activity and total cell numbers, as well as survival rate after vitrification. Relative mRNA abundance for lipid metabolism-related transcripts and levels of phosphorylated hormone-sensitive lipase (pHSL) proteins were also determined. Additionally, the expression levels of 383 miRNA in OF- and UF-EVs were assessed by qRT-PCR. Results Blastocyst yield was lower (P < 0.05) in BSA treatments compared with dFCS treatments. Survival rates after vitrification/warming were improved in dFCS-EVs (P < 0.05). EVs increased (P < 0.05) blastocysts total cell number in dFCS-EV and BSA-EV compared with respective controls (dFCS and BSA), while lipid content was decreased in dFCS-EV (P < 0.05) and mitochondrial activity did not change (P > 0.05). Lipid metabolism transcripts were affected by EVs and showed interaction with type of protein source in medium (PPARGC1B, LDLR, CD36, FASN and PNPLA2, P < 0.05). Levels of pHSL were lower in dFCS (P < 0.05). Twenty miRNA were differentially expressed between OF- and UF-EVs and only bta-miR-148b was increased in OF-EVs (P < 0.05). Conclusions Mimicking physiological conditions using EVs from OF and UF in sequential IVC does not affect embryo development but improves blastocyst quality regarding survival rate after vitrification/warming, total cell number, lipid content, and relative changes in expression of lipid metabolism transcripts and lipase activation. Finally, EVs miRNA contents may contribute to the observed effects. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s40104-022-00763-7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cláudia Lima Verde Leal
- grid.4711.30000 0001 2183 4846Department of Animal Reproduction, National Center Institute for Agriculture and Food Research and Technology (CSIC-INIA), 28040 Madrid, Spain ,grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo (FZEA-USP), Pirassununga, Brazil
| | - Karina Cañón-Beltrán
- grid.4711.30000 0001 2183 4846Department of Animal Reproduction, National Center Institute for Agriculture and Food Research and Technology (CSIC-INIA), 28040 Madrid, Spain ,grid.442066.20000 0004 0466 9211Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Ambientales, Programa de Medicina Veterinaria, Fundación Universitaria Juan de Castellanos, Tunja, Colombia
| | - Yulia N. Cajas
- grid.4711.30000 0001 2183 4846Department of Animal Reproduction, National Center Institute for Agriculture and Food Research and Technology (CSIC-INIA), 28040 Madrid, Spain ,grid.442123.20000 0001 1940 3465Laboratorio de Biotecnología de la Reproducción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Cuenca (UC), EC010205 Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Meriem Hamdi
- grid.4711.30000 0001 2183 4846Department of Animal Reproduction, National Center Institute for Agriculture and Food Research and Technology (CSIC-INIA), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Aracelli Yaryes
- grid.4711.30000 0001 2183 4846Department of Animal Reproduction, National Center Institute for Agriculture and Food Research and Technology (CSIC-INIA), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Gemma Millán de la Blanca
- grid.4711.30000 0001 2183 4846Department of Animal Reproduction, National Center Institute for Agriculture and Food Research and Technology (CSIC-INIA), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Paula Beltrán-Breña
- grid.4711.30000 0001 2183 4846Department of Animal Reproduction, National Center Institute for Agriculture and Food Research and Technology (CSIC-INIA), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosane Mazzarella
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo (FZEA-USP), Pirassununga, Brazil
| | - Juliano Coelho da Silveira
- grid.11899.380000 0004 1937 0722Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo (FZEA-USP), Pirassununga, Brazil
| | - Alfonso Gutiérrez-Adán
- grid.4711.30000 0001 2183 4846Department of Animal Reproduction, National Center Institute for Agriculture and Food Research and Technology (CSIC-INIA), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Encina M González
- grid.4711.30000 0001 2183 4846Department of Animal Reproduction, National Center Institute for Agriculture and Food Research and Technology (CSIC-INIA), 28040 Madrid, Spain ,grid.4795.f0000 0001 2157 7667Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Veterinary Faculty-Universidad Complutense de Madrid (UCM), Madrid, Spain
| | - Dimitrios Rizos
- grid.4711.30000 0001 2183 4846Department of Animal Reproduction, National Center Institute for Agriculture and Food Research and Technology (CSIC-INIA), 28040 Madrid, Spain
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12
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Drum JN, Madureira G, Rosa CO, Seneda MM, Wiltbank MC, Sartori R, Ortega MS. Male Embryos Produced in vitro Deviate From Their in vivo Counterparts in Placental Gene Expression on Day 32 of Pregnancy. FRONTIERS IN ANIMAL SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.3389/fanim.2022.807217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study compared the gene expression of extraembryonic membranes (EEM) from in vitro produced (IVP) and in vivo (AI) derived pregnancies. A piece of conceptus (day 18) or chorioallantois (day 32) was used for DNA and RNA isolation and sex determination. Male and female ratios were analyzed by Chi-square. A total of three samples per sex and group (AI and IVP, days 18 and 32) were used for transcriptome analysis. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were determined using edgeR-robust. A false discovery rate (FDR) <0.05 was used for statistical significance. Sex ratio was similar on day 18 for AI and IVP groups. On day 32, the IVP group had a greater number of females than males (75 vs. 25%, P = 0.004). When comparing AI and IVP males vs. females, in both groups, genes upregulated in females on day 18 were related to placental function such as PAGs and TKDPs. On males on day 18, IFNT-related genes were upregulated. Comparing the techniques within sex, on day 18 female conceptuses, 50 genes were upregulated in IVP, and 21 in AI. IGF2, which is involved in placenta development, and APOA2, APOB, and APOE, involved in lipid metabolism, were upregulated in IVP conceptuses. On day 18, males had 15 upregulated genes in AI and 7 in IVP. On day 32, females had 21 upregulated genes in AI and 53 in IVP. Genes involved in lipid synthesis and metabolism were increased in the IVP group. Males on day 32 presented 899 DEGs, 564 upregulated in AI and 335 in IVP. Embryos from IVP had decreased expression of genes related to lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. Interestingly, pregnancy-associated glycoproteins (PAG) 7, 9, 10, and 19, were downregulated in IVP male. In conclusion, IVP-derived male embryos were more susceptible to alterations in gene expression and these effects extend to the peri-implantation period including genes associated with placental development and markers of placental function.
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13
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Bastos NM, Ferst JG, Goulart RS, Coelho da Silveira J. The role of the oviduct and extracellular vesicles during early embryo development in bovine. Anim Reprod 2022; 19:e20220015. [PMID: 35493787 PMCID: PMC9037602 DOI: 10.1590/1984-3143-ar2022-0015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The oviduct is an important reproductive structure that connects the ovary to the uterus and takes place to important events such as oocyte final maturation, fertilization and early embryonic development. Thus, gametes and embryo can be directly influenced by the oviductal microenvironment composed by epithelial cells such secretory and ciliated cells and oviductal fluid. The oviduct composition is anatomically dynamic and is under ovarian hormones control. The oviductal fluid provides protection, nourishment and transport to gametes and embryo and allows interaction to oviductal epithelial cells. All these functions together allows the oviduct to provides the ideal environment to the early reproductive events. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are biological nanoparticles that mediates cell communication and are present at oviductal fluid and plays an important role in gametes/embryo - oviductal cells communication. This review will present the ability of the oviducts based on its dynamic and systemic changes during reproductive events, as well as the contribution of EVs in this process.
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14
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Schefer L, Schwarz KRL, Paschoal DM, de Castro FC, Fernandes H, Botigelli RC, Leal CLV. Effects of different stimulators of cGMP synthesis on lipid content in bovine oocytes matured in vitro. Anim Reprod 2021; 18:e20210072. [PMID: 34925559 PMCID: PMC8677350 DOI: 10.1590/1984-3143-ar2021-0072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine oocytes and blastocysts produced in vitro are frequently of lower quality and less cryotolerant than those produced in vivo, and greater accumulation of lipids in the cytoplasm has been pointed out as one of the reasons. In human adipocytes cGMP signaling through the activation of PKG appears to be involved in lipid metabolism, and components of this pathway have been detected in bovine cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs). The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of this pathway on the lipid content in oocytes and expression of PLIN2 (a lipid metabolism-related gene) in cumulus cells. COCs were matured in vitro for 24 h with different stimulators of cGMP synthesis. The activation of soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) by Protoporphyrin IX reduced lipid content (22.7 FI) compared to control oocytes (36.45 FI; P <0.05). Stimulation of membrane guanylyl cyclase (mGC) with natriuretic peptides precursors A and C (NPPA and NPPC) had no effect (36.5 FI; P>0.05). When the PKG inhibitor KT5823 was associated with Protoporphyrin IX, its effect was reversed and lipid contents increased (52.71 FI; P<0.05). None of the stimulators of cGMP synthesis affected the expression of PLIN2 in cumulus cells. In conclusion, stimulation of sGC for cGMP synthesis promotes lipolytic activities in bovine oocytes matured in vitro and such effect is mediated by PKG. However, such effect may vary depending on the stimulus received and/or which synthesis enzyme was activated, as stimulation of mGC had no effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Letícia Schefer
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brasil
| | - Kátia Regina Lancelloti Schwarz
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brasil
| | - Daniela Martins Paschoal
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brasil
| | - Fernanda Cavallari de Castro
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brasil
| | - Hugo Fernandes
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brasil
| | - Ramon César Botigelli
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brasil
| | - Cláudia Lima Verde Leal
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária, Faculdade de Zootecnia e Engenharia de Alimentos, Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brasil
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15
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Cajas YN, Cañón-Beltrán K, de la Blanca MGM, Sánchez JM, Fernandez-Fuertes B, González EM, Rizos D. Role of reproductive fluids and extracellular vesicles in embryo–maternal interaction during early pregnancy in cattle. Reprod Fertil Dev 2021; 34:117-138. [PMID: 35231231 DOI: 10.1071/rd21275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The coordinated interaction between the developing embryo and the maternal reproductive tract is essential for the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy in mammals. An early cross-talk is established between the oviduct/uterus and the gametes and embryo. This dialogue will shape the microenvironment in which gamete transport, fertilisation, and early embryonic development occur. Due to the small size of the gametes and the early embryo relative to the volume of the oviductal and uterine lumina, collection of tissue and fluid adjacent to these cells is challenging in cattle. Thus, the combination of in vivo and in vitro models seems to be the most appropriate approach to better understand this fine dialogue. In this respect, the aim of this review is to summarise the recent findings in relation to gamete/embryo-maternal interaction during the pre-elongation period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yulia N Cajas
- Department of Animal Reproduction, National Center Institute for Agriculture and Food Research and Technology (CSIC-INIA), Ctra de la Coruña KM 5.9, 28040 Madrid, Spain; and Laboratorio de Biotecnología de la Reproducción Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad de Cuenca (UC), EC010205 Cuenca, Ecuador
| | - Karina Cañón-Beltrán
- Department of Animal Reproduction, National Center Institute for Agriculture and Food Research and Technology (CSIC-INIA), Ctra de la Coruña KM 5.9, 28040 Madrid, Spain; and Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias y Ambientales, Programa de Medicina Veterinaria, Fundación Universitaria Juan de Castellanos (JdC), 150001 Tunja, Colombia
| | - María Gemma Millán de la Blanca
- Department of Animal Reproduction, National Center Institute for Agriculture and Food Research and Technology (CSIC-INIA), Ctra de la Coruña KM 5.9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - José M Sánchez
- Department of Animal Reproduction, National Center Institute for Agriculture and Food Research and Technology (CSIC-INIA), Ctra de la Coruña KM 5.9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Fernandez-Fuertes
- Department of Animal Reproduction, National Center Institute for Agriculture and Food Research and Technology (CSIC-INIA), Ctra de la Coruña KM 5.9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Encina M González
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Veterinary Faculty, Complutense University of Madrid (UCM), 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Dimitrios Rizos
- Department of Animal Reproduction, National Center Institute for Agriculture and Food Research and Technology (CSIC-INIA), Ctra de la Coruña KM 5.9, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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16
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Suresh A, Shukla MK, Kumar D, Shrivastava OP, Verma N. Simulated physiological oocyte maturation (SPOM) improves developmental competence of in vitro produced goat embryos. Theriogenology 2021; 172:193-199. [PMID: 34246165 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The effect of simulated physiological oocyte maturation on the developmental competence, reactive oxygen species production and apoptosis rate of in vitro produced goat embryos were studied in the present experiment. Oocytes and spermatozoa were recovered from ovaries and epididymis, respectively, procured from a local small animal abattoir. The oocytes aspirated from the ovaries were allocated into two groups, control (subjected to routine in vitro maturation, fertilization and culture) and simulated physiological oocyte maturation (SPOM) group (subjected to prematuration, followed by routine in vitro maturation, fertilization and culture). The SPOM group showed a significantly (p < 0.05) higher maturation and blastocyst rates (90.60 ± 0.46% and 29.09 ± 2.59%, respectively) as compared to the control group (85.29 ± 0.98% and 24.09 ± 1.08%). The intensity of reactive oxygen species of the embryos in the control group (14.98 ± 0.83 pixels/embryo) was significantly (p < 0.05) higher than the SPOM group (9.60 ± 0.76 pixels/embryo). The apoptosis rate was also significantly (p < 0.05) higher in the embryos of the control group (9.18 ± 1.07%) as compared to the SPOM group (5.71 ± 0.90%). In conclusion, the simulated physiological oocyte maturation system significantly increases the developmental competence of the oocytes and decreases the intensity of reactive oxygen species and embryonic apoptosis in abattoir derived goat embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashitha Suresh
- Department of Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India; Department of Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Madras Veterinary College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M K Shukla
- Department of Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India; Department of Veterinary Gynaecology & Obstetrics, College of Veterinary and Animal Science, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel University of Agriculture & Technology, Meerut, 250110, Uttar Pradesh, India.
| | - Dharmendra Kumar
- Animal Biotechnology Centre, Nanaji Deshmukh Veterinary Science University, Adhartaal, Jabalpur, 482004, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - O P Shrivastava
- Department of Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Neeraj Verma
- Department of Veterinary Gynaecology and Obstetrics, College of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, India
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17
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Park SH, Jeong PS, Joo YE, Kang HG, Kim MJ, Lee S, Song BS, Kim SU, Cho SK, Sim BW. Luteolin Orchestrates Porcine Oocyte Meiotic Progression by Maintaining Organelle Dynamics Under Oxidative Stress. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:689826. [PMID: 34211977 PMCID: PMC8239245 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.689826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence has demonstrated that oxidative stress impairs oocyte maturation, but the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Here, for the first time, we examined the antioxidant role of luteolin in meiotic progression and the underlying mechanisms. Supplementation of 5 μM luteolin increased the rates of first polar body extrusion and blastocyst formation after parthenogenetic activation, and the expression levels of oocyte competence (BMP15 and GDF9)-, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MOS)-, and maturation promoting factor (CDK1 and Cyclin B)-related genes were also improved. Luteolin supplementation decreased intracellular reactive oxygen species levels and increased the expression levels of oxidative stress-related genes (SOD1, SOD2, and CAT). Interestingly, luteolin alleviated defects in cell organelles, including actin filaments, the spindle, mitochondria, the endoplasmic reticulum, and cortical granules, caused by H2O2 exposure. Moreover, luteolin significantly improved the developmental competence of in vitro-fertilized embryos in terms of the cleavage rate, blastocyst formation rate, cell number, cellular survival rate, and gene expression and markedly restored the competencies decreased by H2O2 treatment. These findings revealed that luteolin supplementation during in vitro maturation improves porcine meiotic progression and subsequent embryonic development by protecting various organelle dynamics against oxidative stress, potentially increasing our understanding of the underlying mechanisms governing the relationship between oxidative stress and the meiotic events required for successful oocyte maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soo-Hyun Park
- Futuristic Animal Resource and Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju, South Korea.,Department of Animal Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, South Korea
| | - Pil-Soo Jeong
- Futuristic Animal Resource and Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Ye Eun Joo
- Futuristic Animal Resource and Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju, South Korea.,Department of Animal Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, South Korea
| | - Hyo-Gu Kang
- Futuristic Animal Resource and Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju, South Korea.,Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Min Ju Kim
- Futuristic Animal Resource and Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju, South Korea.,Department of Animal Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Pusan National University, Miryang, South Korea
| | - Sanghoon Lee
- Futuristic Animal Resource and Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Bong-Seok Song
- Futuristic Animal Resource and Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Sun-Uk Kim
- Futuristic Animal Resource and Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju, South Korea.,Department of Functional Genomics, University of Science and Technology, Daejeon, South Korea
| | - Seong-Keun Cho
- Department of Animal Science, College of Natural Resources and Life Science, Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang, South Korea
| | - Bo-Woong Sim
- Futuristic Animal Resource and Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Cheongju, South Korea
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18
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Nobiletin enhances the development and quality of bovine embryos in vitro during two key periods of embryonic genome activation. Sci Rep 2021; 11:11796. [PMID: 34083641 PMCID: PMC8175487 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-91158-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In vitro culture can alter the development and quality of bovine embryos. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate whether nobiletin supplementation during EGA improves embryonic development and blastocyst quality and if it affects PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. In vitro zygotes were cultured in SOF + 5% FCS (Control) or supplemented with 5, 10 or 25 µM nobiletin (Nob5, Nob10, Nob25) or with 0.03% dimethyl-sulfoxide (CDMSO) during minor (2 to 8-cell stage; MNEGA) or major (8 to 16-cell stage; MJEGA) EGA phase. Blastocyst yield on Day 8 was higher in Nob5 (42.7 ± 1.0%) and Nob10 (44.4 ± 1.3%) for MNEGA phase and in Nob10 (61.0 ± 0.8%) for MJEGA phase compared to other groups. Mitochondrial activity was higher and lipid content was reduced in blastocysts produced with nobiletin, irrespective of EGA phase. The mRNA abundance of CDK2, H3-3B, H3-3A, GPX1, NFE2L2 and PPARα transcripts was increased in 8-cells, 16-cells and blastocysts from nobiletin groups. Immunofluorescence analysis revealed immunoreactive proteins for p-AKT forms (Thr308 and Ser473) in bovine blastocysts produced with nobiletin. In conclusion, nobiletin supplementation during EGA has a positive effect on preimplantation bovine embryonic development in vitro and corroborates on the quality improvement of the produced blastocysts which could be modulated by the activation of AKT signaling pathway.
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19
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de Oliveira Fernandes G, de Faria OAC, Sifuentes DN, Franco MM, Dode MAN. Electrospray mass spectrometry analysis of blastocoel fluid as a potential tool for bovine embryo selection. J Assist Reprod Genet 2021; 38:2209-2217. [PMID: 33866497 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-021-02189-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to analyze the metabolic profiles of blastocoel fluid (BF) obtained from bovine embryos produced in vivo and in vitro. METHODS Expanded blastocysts (20/group) that were in vitro and in vivo derived at day 7 were used. BF was collected and analyzed under direct infusion conditions using a microTOF-Q® mass spectrometer with electrospray ionization and a mass range of 50-650 m/z. RESULTS The spectrometry showed an evident difference in the metabolic profiles of BF from in vivo and in vitro produced embryos. These differences were very consistent between the samples of each group suggesting that embryo fluids can be used to identify the origin of the embryo. Ions 453.15 m/z, 437.18 m/z, and 398.06 m/z were identified as biomarkers for the embryo's origin with 100% sensitivity and specificity. Although it was not possible to unveil the molecular identity of the differential ions, the resulting spectrometric profiles provide a phenotype capable of differentiating embryos and hence constitute a potential parameter for embryo selection. CONCLUSION To the best of our knowledge, our results showed, for the first time, an evident difference between the spectrometric profiles of the BF from bovine embryos produced in vivo and in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Maurício Machaim Franco
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília, DF, Brazil
| | - Margot Alves Nunes Dode
- School of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, University of Brasilia, Brasília, DF, Brazil. .,Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Embrapa Genetic Resources and Biotechnology, Brasília, DF, Brazil.
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20
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Xiang DC, Jia BY, Fu XW, Guo JX, Hong QH, Quan GB, Wu GQ. Role of astaxanthin as an efficient antioxidant on the in vitro maturation and vitrification of porcine oocytes. Theriogenology 2021; 167:13-23. [PMID: 33743504 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
As one of the most powerful natural antioxidants, astaxanthin (Ax) has begun to be applied to the field of reproductive biology. Here we used porcine oocyte as a model to explore how Ax improves the oocyte potential during in vitro maturation (IVM), and we also investigated the cytoprotective effects of Ax on the vitrified oocytes. Ax supplementation (final concentration of 2.5 μM) was subjected for immature oocytes during vitrification and subsequent IVM; fresh oocytes were also matured in vitro in the presence or absence of 2.5 μM Ax. Our results showed that Ax significantly increased the survival rate of vitrified oocytes, and promoted the blastocyst yield of both fresh and vitrified oocytes after parthenogenetic activation and somatic cell nuclear transfer. The oocytes treated with Ax displayed significantly lower reactive oxygen species generation and higher glutathione level. Vitrification of oocytes had no impact on caspase-3, cathepsin B and autophagic activities; Ax significantly decreased the cathepsin B activity in both fresh and vitrified oocytes. Moreover, the relative fluorescence intensity of lysosomes was significantly increased in vitrified oocytes, which was recovered by Ax treatment. The mitochondrial activity did not differ between fresh and vitrified oocytes, and was significantly enhanced in Ax-treated oocytes. Furthermore, Ax significantly restored the decreased expression of BMP15, ZAR1, POU5F1, GPX4 and LAMP2 genes in vitrified oocytes. Both fresh and vitrified oocytes treated with Ax showed significantly higher mRNA levels of GDF9, POU5F1, SOD2, NRF2 and ATG5. Taken together, this study provides new perspectives in understanding the mechanisms by which Ax improves the developmental competence of both fresh and vitrified porcine oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- De-Cai Xiang
- Yunnan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Animal Genetic Resource Conservation and Germplasm Enhancement, Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary Institute, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China
| | - Bao-Yu Jia
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650201, China
| | - Xiang-Wei Fu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jian-Xiong Guo
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650201, China
| | - Qiong-Hua Hong
- Yunnan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Animal Genetic Resource Conservation and Germplasm Enhancement, Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary Institute, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China
| | - Guo-Bo Quan
- Yunnan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Animal Genetic Resource Conservation and Germplasm Enhancement, Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary Institute, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China.
| | - Guo-Quan Wu
- Yunnan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Animal Genetic Resource Conservation and Germplasm Enhancement, Yunnan Animal Science and Veterinary Institute, Kunming, Yunnan, 650224, China.
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21
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Kasimanickam RK, Kasimanickam VR, Kumar N, Reisenauer C. Day 7 embryo quality and suboptimal uterine environment influence morphometry of Day 16 conceptus in dairy cows. Theriogenology 2021; 163:10-17. [PMID: 33485025 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2021.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to investigate the effect of Day 7 embryo quality and subclinical endometritis (SCE) in repeat breeder recipient cows on morphometry of Day 16 embryo and to determine the association of %PMN, serum progesterone and Day 16 conceptus length. Holstein dairy cows that failed to conceive at least 3 times, (parity, 3 and 4; body condition score, 3 to 3.5 out of 5) with subclinical endometritis (n = 180; SCE, >6% PMN on endometrial cytology) or without subclinical endometritis (n = 180; No-SCE, ≤ 6% PMN) were selected. Cows in each group received single, frozen-thawed, quality 1 (n = 60), 2 (n = 60) and 3 (n = 60) embryos (compact morula or early blastocyst) on Day 7 post estrus in the uterine horn ipsilateral to the ovary containing a corpus luteum, using standard nonsurgical techniques. Only cows that expressed estrus (Select-Synch protocol) and with acceptable corpus luteum (≥1.5 cm in size) were included. Conceptuses were collected on Day 16 from all recipient cows by standard non-surgical uterine flushing technique, using an 18-g embryo collection catheter with Phosphate Buffered Saline (pH 7.4). Blood samples were collected on Day 16 to determine serum progesterone concentrations. After collection, conceptuses were weighed and measured, and were categorized as tubular (underdeveloped, 10-20 mm) or filamentous (normal, >25 mm). Between cows with SCE and No-SCE, mean (±SEM) width (1.68 ± 0.13 mm vs. 1.84 ± 0.16 mm), length (34.4 ± 9.6 mm vs. 55.8 ± 13.4 mm) and weight (22.3 ± 3.7 vs. 40.6 ± 6.4 mg) of Day 16 conceptuses differed (P < 0.05). The mean width (1.75 ± 0.19 mm vs. 1.81 ± 0.22 mm), length (57.7 ± 11.2 vs. 51.1 ± 13.6 mm) and weight (34.3 ± 6.4 vs. 38.5 ± 8.2 mg) of Day 16 embryo following transfer of Day 7 embryo quality grade 1 and grade 2 embryos were not different (P > 0.1), but both differed from the mean width (1.59 ± 0.11 mm), length (28.9 ± 9.7 mm) and weight (25.3 ± 4.6 mg) of Day 16 embryo from Day 7 embryo quality grade 3 (P < 0.05). Total percentage of embryos recovered differed between SCE and No-SCE groups (P < 0.05; 36.1 vs 48.9%). Total percentage of embryos recovered on Day 16 following transfer of grade 1 (53.3%) and 2 (44.2%) Day 7 embryos were greater (P < 0.05) compared with transfer of grade 3 embryos (29.2%) (P < 0.001). Total percentage of filamentous embryos recovered was lower for SCE cows compared with No-SCE cows (P < 0.01; 15.0 vs. 25.6%). Total percentage of tubular embryos recovered did not differ between SCE and No-SCE cows (P > 0.1; 21.1% vs. 22.8%). Filamentous embryo recovered for grade 3 was lower (P < 0.05) compared with grade 1 in both SCE (8.3 vs. 21.7%) and No-SCE groups (15.0 vs. 33.3%). The mean (±SEM) CL volume (cm3; 11.8 ± 0.29 vs. 15.9 ± 0.31) and progesterone concentrations (ng/mL; 5.17 ± 1.8 vs. 8.2 ± 1.2) on Day 16 differed between SCE and No-SCE groups (P < 0.05) but not among Day 7 embryo grade groups (P > 0.1). The mean (±SEM) CL volume (cm3; 15.6 ± 0.28 vs 12.1 ± 3.9) and serum progesterone concentrations (ng/mL; 8.6 ± 1.4 vs. 4.9 ± 1.9) on Day 16 differed (P < 0.05) between cows yielded filamentous and tubular embryos. When all cows were considered, multiple regression analysis showed that the %PMN (P < 0.0001), progesterone concentrations (P < 0.0001), embryo qulaity (P < 0.05) and %PMN by progesterone interactions (P < 0.0001) influenced the length of Day 16 conceptus. Among cows without subclinical endometritis, only progesterone concentrations (P < 0.0001) and among cows with subclinical endometritis, only %PMN (P < 0.04) influenced the length of Day 16 conceptus. Progesterone concentrations (P < 0.0001) influenced the length of Day 16 conceptus in cows that received embryo quality 1 and 2. Progesterone concentration by %PMN interaction (P < 0.05) also influenced the length of Day 16 conceptus in cows that received embryo quality 2. The %PMN (P = 0.05) influenced the length of Day 16 conceptus in cows that received embryo quality 3. In conclusion, poor quality Day 7 embryo and presence of SCE negatively influenced early embryo development between Days 7 and 16 of gestation probably by dysregulated embryo-maternal interactions due to lower progesterone, prompting loss of the conceptus in sub-optimal uterine environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramanathan K Kasimanickam
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA.
| | - Vanmathy R Kasimanickam
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA; AARVEE Animal Biotech LLC, Corvallis, OR, 97333, USA
| | - Nishant Kumar
- Livestock Production Management Section, ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, HR, 132001, India
| | - Conrad Reisenauer
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164, USA
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22
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Yu B, van Tol HTA, Stout TAE, Roelen BAJ. Cellular Fragments in the Perivitelline Space Are Not a Predictor of Expanded Blastocyst Quality. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 8:616801. [PMID: 33469540 PMCID: PMC7813684 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.616801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The presence of cellular fragments in the perivitelline space is a commonly used parameter to determine quality before transfer of in vitro produced (IVP) embryos. However, this parameter is difficult to assess after blastocyst expansion. In this study, we used mechanical hatching to confirm the presence of cellular fragments in the perivitelline space of bovine IVP blastocysts. We further looked for associations between possible apoptosis within extruded cells/ cellular fragments and the quality of bovine blastocysts using quantitative RT-PCR and immunofluorescence. Surprisingly, more than 42% of expanded blastocysts had cellular fragments in the perivitelline space; however, more than 37% of extruded cells were TUNEL negative. We observed no significant difference in embryo quality between expanded blastocysts with and without cellular fragments in the perivitelline space. Overall, our data suggest that embryos extrude abnormal cells to maintain their developmental potential. The presence of fragmented cells is not an indicator of embryo quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Yu
- Farm Animal Health, Department of Population Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Helena T A van Tol
- Farm Animal Health, Department of Population Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Tom A E Stout
- Equine Sciences, Department Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Bernard A J Roelen
- Embryology, Anatomy and Physiology, Department Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
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23
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Marsico TV, Sales JNDS, Ferreira CR, Sudano MJ, Viana JHM, Camargo LSDA, Eberlin MN, Seneda MM, Baruselli PS. Characteristic MALDI-MS lipid profiles of Gir, Holstein and crossbred (Gir x Holstein) oocytes recovered by ovum pick-up. Livest Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.livsci.2020.104380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
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24
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Marsico TV, Caetano DP, Rodrigues R, Valente RS, Fontes PK, Mesquita FS, Andrade SCDS, Basso AC, Nogueira MFG, Sudano MJ. Transcriptional profiling of embryo cryotolerance. Mol Reprod Dev 2020; 87:1245-1259. [PMID: 33156526 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
The cryosurvival of embryos is a complex process involving dynamic and integrated morphological, functional, and molecular changes. Here, we evaluated the transcriptional profiling of bovine embryos possessing high and low cryotolerance (HC and LC, respectively) by assessing the resumption of development. Embryos were produced in vitro (N = 1137) and cryopreserved (N = 894). Blastocysts samples possessed pronounced group individualization at RNA sequencing. A total of 114 genes were differentially expressed, and 27 and 84 genes were upregulated in HC and LC, respectively. Among the over-represented biological functions, cellular growth and proliferation, cell death and survival, and organismal survival were predicted to be activated, while cellular movement and cell-to-cell signaling were predicted to be inhibited in HC embryos. Enriched canonical pathways and upstream regulators related to cellular proliferation and survival (HC), inflammatory processes, and cell death (LC) were predicted to represent two embryonic molecular profiles present during the resumption of development after cryopreservation. The marked contrast in transcriptional profiles between HC and LC strongly suggests the influence of embryonic competence after cryopreservation on its respective transcriptome and indicated that HC and LC presented two different molecular strategies to overcome cryopreservation-related stress and resume postcryopreservation development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thamiris V Marsico
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Diana P Caetano
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | | | - Roniele S Valente
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Patricia K Fontes
- Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Phytomedicines, Pharmacology and Biotechnology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo State (Unesp), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Fernando S Mesquita
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Sónia C da Silva Andrade
- Department of Genetics and Evolutionary Biology, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Andréa C Basso
- In vitro Brazil - IVB, ABS Pecplan, Mogi Mirim, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marcelo F G Nogueira
- Department of Pharmacology, Laboratory of Phytomedicines, Pharmacology and Biotechnology, Institute of Biosciences, University of São Paulo State (Unesp), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.,Department of Biological Science, School of Sciences and Languages, University of São Paulo State, Assis, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mateus J Sudano
- Center for Natural and Human Sciences, Federal University of ABC, Santo André, São Paulo, Brazil.,School of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Pampa, Uruguaiana, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.,Department of Genetics and Evolution, Federal University of São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil
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25
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Effects of Human Endothelial Progenitor Cell and Its Conditioned Medium on Oocyte Development and Subsequent Embryo Development. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21217983. [PMID: 33121114 PMCID: PMC7662943 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21217983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2020] [Revised: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Human endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) secrete numerous growth factors, and they have been applied to regenerative medicine for their roles in angiogenesis as well as neovascularization. Angiogenesis is one of the essential factors for the maturation of ovarian follicles; however, the physiological function of EPCs or their derivatives on in vitro culture systems has not been fully understood. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of EPCs and their conditioned medium (EPC-CM) on oocyte development and subsequent embryo development. In the results, the oocyte development and subsequent embryo development were significantly improved in EPCs and the EPC-CM group. In addition, markedly increased levels of growth factors/cytokines, such as basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), insulin growth factor-1 (IGF-1), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and epidermal growth factor (EGF), were observed in medium from the EPC-CM group. Additionally, EPC-CM after in vitro maturation (IVM) had significantly decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels compared to those of other groups. Transcriptional levels of growth factor receptor-related genes (FGFR2, IGF1R) and anti-apoptotic-related gene (BCL2) were significantly upregulated in cumulus cells/oocytes from the EPC-CM group compared with those from the control. Furthermore, the expression levels of cumulus expansion-related genes (PTGS2, TNFAIP6, HAS2) and oocyte-maturation-related factors (GDF9, BMP15) were significantly enhanced in the EPC-CM group. Consequently, the present study provides the first evidence that EPC-CM contains several essential growth factors for oocyte development by regulating genes involved in oocyte maturation.
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26
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Gegenfurtner K, Fröhlich T, Kösters M, Mermillod P, Locatelli Y, Fritz S, Salvetti P, Forde N, Lonergan P, Wolf E, Arnold GJ. Influence of metabolic status and genetic merit for fertility on proteomic composition of bovine oviduct fluid†. Biol Reprod 2020; 101:893-905. [PMID: 31347661 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioz142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2018] [Revised: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The oviduct plays a crucial role in fertilization and early embryo development providing the microenvironment for oocyte, spermatozoa, and early embryo. Since dairy cow fertility declined steadily over the last decades, reasons for early embryonic loss have gained increasing interest. Analyzing two animal models, this study aimed to investigate the impact of genetic predisposition for fertility and of metabolic stress on the protein composition of oviduct fluid. A metabolic model comprised maiden Holstein heifers and postpartum lactating (Lact) and non-lactating (Dry) cows, while a genetic model consisted of heifers from the Montbéliarde breed and Holstein heifers with low- and high-fertility index. In a holistic proteomic analysis of oviduct fluid from all groups using nano-liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry analysis and label-free quantification, we were able to identify 1976 proteins, among which 143 showed abundance alterations in the pairwise comparisons within both models. Most differentially abundant proteins were revealed between low fertility Holstein and Montbéliarde (52) in the genetic model and between lactating and maiden Holstein (19) in the metabolic model, demonstrating a substantial effect of genetic predisposition for fertility and metabolic stress on the oviduct fluid proteome. Functional classification of affected proteins revealed actin binding, translation, and immune system processes as prominent gene ontology (GO) clusters. Notably, Actin-related protein 2/3 complex subunit 1B and the three immune system-related proteins SERPIND1 protein, immunoglobulin kappa locus protein, and Alpha-1-acid glycoprotein were affected in both models, suggesting that abundance changes of immune-related proteins in oviduct fluid play an important role for early embryonic loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katrin Gegenfurtner
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Fröhlich
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Miwako Kösters
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Pascal Mermillod
- Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UMR7247, Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, Nouzilly, France
| | - Yann Locatelli
- Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA), UMR7247, Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, Nouzilly, France
| | | | - P Salvetti
- Allice, Station de Phénotypage, Nouzilly, France
| | - Niamh Forde
- Division of Reproduction and Early Development, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Patrick Lonergan
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Eckhard Wolf
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.,Chair for Molecular Animal Breeding and Biotechnology, Gene Center and Department of Veterinary Sciences, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Georg J Arnold
- Laboratory for Functional Genome Analysis (LAFUGA), Gene Center, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany
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27
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Abstract
Development of assisted reproductive technologies has been driven by the goals of reducing the incidence of infertility, increasing the number of offspring from genetically elite animals, facilitating genetic manipulation, aiding preservation and long-distance movement of germplasm, and generating research material. Superovulation is associated with reduced fertilization rate and alterations in endometrial function. In vitro production of embryos can have a variety of consequences. Most embryos produced in vitro are capable of establishing pregnancy and developing into healthy neonatal animals. However, in vitro production is associated with reduced ability to develop to the blastocyst stage, increased incidence of failure to establish pregnancy, placental dysfunction, and altered fetal development. Changes in the developmental program mean that some consequences of being produced in vitro can extend into adult life. Reduced competence of the embryo produced in vitro to develop to the blastocyst stage is caused largely by disruption of events during oocyte maturation and fertilization. Conditions during embryo culture can affect embryo freezability and competence to establish pregnancy after transfer. Culture conditions, including actions of embryokines, can also affect the postnatal phenotype of the resultant progeny.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter J Hansen
- Department of Animal Sciences, D.H. Barron Reproductive and Perinatal Biology Research Program and Genetics Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611-0910, USA;
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28
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Abstract
Assisted reproduction techniques (ARTs) provide access to early stage embryos whose analysis and assessment deliver valuable information. The handling of embryos, including the in vitro production of bovine embryos, is a rapidly evolving area which nonetheless exposes the embryos to unnatural conditions for a period of time. The Fallopian tube provides innumerable quantitative and qualitative factors, all of which guarantee the successful development of the embryo. It is well known that the Fallopian tube can be bypassed, using embryo transfer, resulting in successful implantation in the target recipient animal and the birth of calves. However, the question arises as to whether such circumvention has a negative impact on the embryo during this sensitive development period. First crosstalk between the embryo and its environment confirms mutual recognition activities and indicate bilateral effects. Nowadays, in vitro production of bovine embryos is a well-established technology. However, it is still evident that in vitro generated embryos are not qualitatively comparable to embryos obtained ex vivo. To counteract these differences, comparative studies between in vitro and ex vivo embryos are advantageous, as embryos grown in their physiological environment can provide a blueprint or gold standard against which to compare embryos produced in vitro. Attempts to harness the bovine oviduct were sometimes very invasive and did not result in wide acceptance and routine use. Long-term development and refinement of transvaginal endoscopy for accessing the bovine oviduct has meanwhile been routinely applied for research as well as in practice. Comparative studies combining in vitro development with development in the cattle oviduct revealed that the environmental conditions to which the embryo is exposed before activation of the embryonic genome can have detrimental and lasting effects on its further development. These effects are manifested as deviations in gene expression profiles and methylation signatures as well as frequency of whole chromosomal or segmental aberrations. Furthermore, it was shown that hormonal superstimulation (multiple ovulation and embryo transfer), varying progesterone concentrations as well as metabolic disorders caused by high milk production, markedly affected embryo development in the postpartum period. Assisted reproductive techniques that allow the production and handling of extra numbers of generated embryos promise to have a very high impact on scientific and practical application. Any influence on the early embryonic life, both in animals and in vitro, is accompanied by a sensitive change in embryonic activity and should be assessed in vivo on the basis of physiological conditions before being used for ART.
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29
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de Ávila ACFCM, Andrade GM, Bridi A, Gimenes LU, Meirelles FV, Perecin F, da Silveira JC. Extracellular vesicles and its advances in female reproduction. Anim Reprod 2020; 16:31-38. [PMID: 33299476 PMCID: PMC7721021 DOI: 10.21451/1984-3143-ar2018-00101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Intercellular communication is an essential mechanism for development and maintenance of multicellular organisms. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) were recently described as new players in the intercellular communication. EVs are double-membrane vesicles secreted by cells and are classified according to their biosynthesis, protein markers and morphology. These extracellular vesicles contain bioactive materials such as miRNA, mRNA, protein and lipids. These characteristics permit their involvement in different biological processes. Reproductive physiology is complex and involves constant communication between cells. Different laboratories have described the presence of EVs secreted by ovarian follicular cells, oviductal cells, in vitro produced embryos and by the endometrium, suggesting that EVs are involved in the development of gametes and embryos, in animals and humans. Therefore, is important to understand physiological mechanisms and contributions of EVs in female reproduction in order to develop new tools to improve in vivo reproductive events and assisted reproductive techniques (ARTs). This review will provide the current knowledge related to EVs in female reproductive tissues and their role in ARTs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gabriella Mamede Andrade
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Bridi
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | - Lindsay Unno Gimenes
- Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Reproduction, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Jaboticabal, SP, Brazil
| | - Flávio Vieira Meirelles
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | - Felipe Perecin
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliano Coelho da Silveira
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
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30
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Ferré LB, Kjelland ME, Taiyeb AM, Campos-Chillon F, Ross PJ. Recent progress in bovine in vitro-derived embryo cryotolerance: Impact of in vitro culture systems, advances in cryopreservation and future considerations. Reprod Domest Anim 2020; 55:659-676. [PMID: 32144939 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Cryopreservation of in vitro-derived bovine embryos is a crucial step for the widespread reproduction and conservation of valuable high-merit animals. Given the current popularity of bovine in vitro embryo production (IVP), there is a demand for a highly efficient ultra-low temperature storage method in order to maximize donor ovum pickup (OPU) turn-over, recipient availability/utilization and domestic/overseas commercial trading opportunities. However, IVP bovine embryos are still very sensitive to chilling and cryopreservation, and despite recent progress, a convenient (simple and robust) protocol has not yet been developed. At the moment, there are two methods for bovine IVP embryo cryopreservation: slow programmable freezing and vitrification. Both of the aforementioned techniques have pros and cons. While controlled-rate slow cooling can easily be adapted for direct transfer (DT), ice crystal formation remains an issue. On the other hand, vitrification solved this problem but the possibility of successful DT commercial incorporation remains to be determined. Moreover, simplification of the vitrification protocol (including warming) through the use of an in-straw dilution without the use of a microscope is a prerequisite for its use under farm conditions. This review summarizes the bovine IVP embryo cryopreservation achievements, strengths and limitations of both freezing systems and prospective improvements to enhance cryosurvival, as well as perspectives on future directions of this assisted reproductive technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis B Ferré
- National Institute of Agricultural Technology (INTA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Michael E Kjelland
- Conservation, Genetics & Biotech, LLC, Valley City, ND, USA.,Mayville State University, Mayville, ND, USA
| | - Ahmed M Taiyeb
- Conservation, Genetics & Biotech, LLC, Valley City, ND, USA.,Barz IVF Center for Embryo Research and Infertility Treatment, Kurdistan, Iraq
| | - Fernando Campos-Chillon
- Animal Science Department, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, USA
| | - Pablo J Ross
- Department of Animal Science, University of California, Davis, CA, USA
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31
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Mathew DJ, Sánchez JM, Passaro C, Charpigny G, Behura SK, Spencer TE, Lonergan P. Interferon tau-dependent and independent effects of the bovine conceptus on the endometrial transcriptome†. Biol Reprod 2020; 100:365-380. [PMID: 30203055 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioy199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated bovine conceptus-induced modifications to the endometrial transcriptome related to effects of interferon tau (IFNT), conceptus origin (in vivo vs. in vitro), and conceptus sex. In vitro (IVF) or in vivo (superovulation and artificial insemination, AI) produced blastocysts were transferred into recipient heifers on day 7 of the estrous cycle. On day 15, IVF- or AI-derived conceptuses were obtained by uterine flushing and individually placed on endometrial explants in media for 6 h. Explants were also cultured with media alone as a control or media containing 100 ng/mL IFNT. Total explant RNA was analyzed by RNA-Seq. Incubation of endometrium with IFNT or IVF- or AI-derived conceptuses changed (P ≤ 0.001) expression of 491, 498, and 576 transcripts, respectively, compared to the control. Further, 369 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were common between explants exposed to IFNT or a conceptus. A total of 240 DEGs were uniquely altered by conceptuses (IVF- and AI-derived) but not IFNT. Of these transcripts, 46 were shared between the IVF and AI groups, while 61 and 133 were specific to IVF and AI conceptuses, respectively. Five genes [melanophilin (MLPH), prominin-2 (PROM2), myeloid associated differentiation marker (MYADM), vomeronasal 1 receptor 4 like (VN1R4L) and 5-hydroxytryptamine receptor 1A (HTR1A)] were more abundant in endometrium exposed to female compared to male conceptuses (P < 0.001). A single gene [ADP-ribosylation factor like GTPase 4C (ARL4C)] was more abundant in response to male conceptuses (P < 0.001) than female conceptuses. These data support the hypothesis that conceptus regulation of gene expression in the endometrium is complex and involves factors other than IFNT that may have a biological role in pregnancy establishment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel J Mathew
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland.,Division of Animal and Nutritional Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - José M Sánchez
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Claudia Passaro
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Gilles Charpigny
- INRA, Biologie du Développement et Reproduction, Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Susanta K Behura
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Thomas E Spencer
- Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Patrick Lonergan
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
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Shahzad Q, Xu HY, Pu L, Waqas M, Wadood AA, Xie L, Lu KH, Liang X, Lu Y. Developmental potential of buffalo embryos cultured in serum free culture system. Theriogenology 2020; 149:38-45. [PMID: 32234649 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.03.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2019] [Revised: 02/29/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The presence of serum in embryo culture medium has been implicated for increased embryo's sensitivity to cryopreservation, compromised viability, abnormal embryo and fetal development. Hence, designing a serum free culture system is indispensable. The present study aims to compare the efficiency of the serum and granulosa cells monolayer free commercial culture system (SFCS) with the conventional serum supplemented co-culture system (SSCS) and optimized culture system (OCS). Generally, SFCS is designed explicitly for bovine oocyte maturation and embryo culture (SF-IVM and SF-IVC), and SSCS (based on M199, SS-IVM, and SS-IVC) is utilized for buffalo in vitro embryo production. However, OCS is a newly designed culture system in which oocyte maturation is performed in serum supplemented maturation medium, and the subsequent embryos are co-cultured with granulosa cells in serum free culture medium. To evaluate the effect of serum on buffalo embryo production, buffalo oocytes, and their subsequent embryos were cultured in SSCS, SFCS, and OCS, simultaneously. The percentage of cleaved embryos cultured in SSCS and OCS was approximately 4% higher as compared to SFCS. However, OCS significantly showed the maximum proportion of embryos that developed to the blastocyst stage (7d) and hatched (6d) as compared to the SFCS and SSCS. Additionally, OCS promoted the expression of developmentally important genes (BCL2-L1 and VEGF-A), cell number, and cryo-survival ability of blastocysts in comparison with SSCS. Taken together, OCS is more suitable for the oocyte maturation and culture of buffalo embryos. However, to design the serum free culture system, it is recommended to find suitable serum alternatives for in vitro oocyte maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qaisar Shahzad
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Hui-Yan Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Liping Pu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Muhammad Waqas
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Armughan Ahmed Wadood
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Long Xie
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Ke-Huan Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Xianwei Liang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Buffalo Genetics and Breeding, Buffalo Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agriculture Science, Nanning, China.
| | - Yangqing Lu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-bioresources, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
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33
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McLennan HJ, Saini A, Dunning KR, Thompson JG. Oocyte and embryo evaluation by AI and multi-spectral auto-fluorescence imaging: Livestock embryology needs to catch-up to clinical practice. Theriogenology 2020; 150:255-262. [PMID: 32088032 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.01.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A highly accurate 'non-invasive quantitative embryo assessment for pregnancy' (NQEAP) technique that determines embryo quality has been an elusive goal. If developed, NQEAP would transform the selection of embryos from both Multiple Ovulation and Embryo Transfer (MOET), and even more so, in vitro produced (IVP) embryos for livestock breeding. The area where this concept is already having impact is in the field of clinical embryology, where great strides have been taken in the application of morphokinetics and artificial intelligence (AI); while both are already in practice, rigorous and robust evidence of efficacy is still required. Even the translation of advances in the qualitative scoring of human IVF embryos have yet to be translated to the livestock IVP industry, which remains dependent on the MOET-standardised 3-point scoring system. Furthermore, there are new ways to interrogate the biochemistry of individual embryonic cells by using new, light-based methodologies, such as FLIM and hyperspectral microscopy. Combinations of these technologies, in particular combining new imaging systems with AI, will lead to very accurate NQEAP predictive tools, improving embryo selection and recipient pregnancy success.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J McLennan
- Robinson Research Institute, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics & Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - A Saini
- Robinson Research Institute, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics & Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - K R Dunning
- Robinson Research Institute, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics & Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia
| | - J G Thompson
- Robinson Research Institute, Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia; ARC Centre of Excellence for Nanoscale BioPhotonics & Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5005, Australia.
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Antifreeze protein from Anatolia polita (ApAFP914) improved outcome of vitrified in vitro sheep embryos. Cryobiology 2020; 93:109-114. [PMID: 32032586 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2020.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 02/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Embryo cryopreservation is an important tool to preserve endangered species. As a cryoprotectant for mouse oocytes, antifreeze protein from Anatolica polita (ApAFP914) has demonstrated utility. In the present study, the effects of controlled slow freezing and vitrification methods on the survival rate of sheep oocytes fertilized in vitro after freezing-thawing were compared. Different ApAFP914 concentrations were added to the vitrification liquid for exploring the effect of antifreeze protein on the warmed embryos. The results showed that the survival and hatching rates of in vitro derived embryos were significantly higher than that of the slow freezing method. Furthermore, among the cryopreserved embryos at different developmental stages, the survival and hatching rates of the expanded blastocyst were significantly higher than those of the blastocysts, early blastocysts and morula. The survival and the hatching rates of the fast-growing embryos were both significantly higher than that of the slow-growing embryos. Additionally, treatment of ApAFP914 (5-30 μg/mL) did not increase the freezing efficiency of the 6-6.5 d embryos. However, addition of 10 μg/mL of ApAFP914 significantly increased the hatching rate of slow-growing embryos. In conclusion, our study suggests that the vitrification is better than the slow freezing method for the conservation of in vitro sheep embryos, and supplementation of ApAFP914 (10 μg/mL) significantly increased the hatching rate of slow-growing embryos after cryopreservation.
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35
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Challenges in studying preimplantation embryo-maternal interaction in cattle. Theriogenology 2020; 150:139-149. [PMID: 31973965 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.01.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
A comprehensive understanding of the complex embryo-maternal interactions during the preimplantation period requires the analysis of the very early stages of pregnancy encompassing early embryonic development, maternal recognition and the events leading to implantation. Despite the fact that embryo development until blastocyst stage is somewhat autonomous (i.e., does not require contact with the maternal reproductive tract and can be successfully recapitulated in vitro), many studies on ruminant embryo production have focused on the fundamental question of why: (i) only 30%-40% of immature oocytes develop to the blastocyst stage and (ii) the quality of such blastocysts continually lags behind that of blastocysts produced in vivo. Clear evidence indicates that in vitro culture conditions are far from optimal with deficiencies being manifested in short- and long-term effects on the embryo. Thus, enhanced knowledge of mechanisms controlling embryo-maternal interactions would allow the design of novel strategies to improve in vitro embryo conditions and reproductive outcomes in cattle.
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36
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High in vitro survival rate of sheep in vitro produced blastocysts vitrified with a new method and device. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2019; 10:90. [PMID: 31754430 PMCID: PMC6854676 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-019-0390-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background To advance the use of embryo vitrification in veterinary practice, we developed a system in which embryo vitrification, warming and dilution can be performed within a straw. Ovine in vitro produced embryos (IVEP) were vitrified at either early (EBs: n = 74) or fully expanded blastocyst stage (FEBs: n = 195), using a new device named “E.Vit”, composed by a 0.25-mL straw with a 50-μm pore polycarbonate grid at one end. Embryos at each stage (EBs and FEBs) were vitrified by either Two-step (TS) or Multi-step (MS; 6 different concentrations of vitrification solutions) protocol. Non-vitrified embryos (n = 102) were maintained in in vitro culture as a control. Warming consisted of placing the straws directly into 1.5 mL tubes containing a TCM-199 solution with three decreasing concentrations of sucrose. Blastocyst re-expansion, embryo survival and hatching rate were evaluated at 2, 24 and 48 h post warming. The number of apoptotic cells was determined by TUNEL assay. Results Blastocyst re-expansion (2 h) after warming was higher (P < 0.05) in FEBs group, vitrified with the MS and TS methods (77.90% and 71.25%, respectively) compared with the EBs group (MS: 59.38% and TS: 48.50%, respectively). Survival rates of vitrified FEBs after 24 h IVC were higher (P < 0.001) in both methods (MS and TS) than vitrified EBs (MS: 56.25%; TS: 42.42%) and was higher (P < 0.05) in the MS method (94.19%) compared with those in TS (83.75%). After 48 h of culture the hatching rate for FEBs vitrified in MS system (91.86%) was similar to control (91.89%), but higher than FEB TS (77.5%) and EBs vitrified in MS (37.5%) and TS (33.33%). Number of apoptotic cells were higher in EBs, irrespective of the system used, compared to FEBs. The number of apoptotic cells in FEBs vitrified with MS was comparable to the control. Conclusions A high survival rate of IVP embryos can be achieved by the new “E.Vit” device with hatching rates in vitro comparable with control fresh embryos. This method has the potential for use in direct embryo transfer in field conditions.
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37
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Sánchez JM, Simintiras CA, Lonergan P. Aspects of embryo-maternal communication in establishment of pregnancy in cattle. Anim Reprod 2019; 16:376-385. [PMID: 32435281 PMCID: PMC7234086 DOI: 10.21451/1984-3143-ar2019-0075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Establishment of pregnancy in mammals requires reciprocal molecular communication between the conceptus and endometrium that modifies the endometrial transcriptome and uterine luminal milieu to support pregnancy. Due to the small size of the early embryo and elongating conceptus relative to the volume of the uterine lumen, collection of endometrium adjacent to the developing conceptus is difficult following conventional uterine flushing methods in cattle. Use of endometrial explants in culture can overcome this challenge and reveal information about the dialogue between the developing embryo and the uterus. The aim of this short review is to summarize some of our recent findings in relation to embryo maternal interaction during bovine pregnancy establishment and to put them in the wider context of fertility in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- José M Sánchez
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | | | - Patrick Lonergan
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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38
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Santana B, Sobral G, Gomes E, Batista A, Teixeira L, Tavares K, Bertolini M, Carneiro G. Effect of Rolipram on in vitro maturation, gene expression and embryonic development in bovines. ARQ BRAS MED VET ZOO 2019. [DOI: 10.1590/1678-4162-10214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
ABSTRACT The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of the Rolipram during the maturation of bovine oocytes and gene expression of embryos produced in vitro. Bovine ovaries were collected in slaughterhouse. The COCs were selected and divided into 5 groups: Control 0 time; Control: IVM for 24 hours; Rolipram treatments with IVM blocking for 24 hours in maturation medium containing (100, 150 and 200µM). After 24 hours all groups were reseated in IVM for another 24 hours. Subsequently COCs were subjected to the same IVM system and fertilized, being checked for cleavage post fertilization and for blastocyst. In addition, performed expression of the following genes: Mater, BMP15 and Bax. No difference was found in gene expression. Of oocytes evaluated shortly after follicular aspiration, 79.00% were in GV, GVBD, MI, while 13.40%, were in MII and 7.60%, D/NI. Significant difference was observed in different concentrations (T100, T200 and T150µM) in oocytes that have reached the MII phase compared to control treatments (P= 0.003). Differences were observed in cleavage rate (P< 0.05) between T150 and T200 when compared to the C/24 Group. A high difference was observed on blastocyst rate (P< 0.001) among treatments compared to the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- B.B. Santana
- Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - G.G. Sobral
- Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - E.T. Gomes
- Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - A.M. Batista
- Universidade Federal Rural de Pernambuco, Brazil
| | | | | | - M. Bertolini
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Gonella-Diaza AM, Silveira Mesquita F, Lopes E, Ribeiro da Silva K, Cogliati B, De Francisco Strefezzi R, Binelli M. Sex steroids drive the remodeling of oviductal extracellular matrix in cattle. Biol Reprod 2019; 99:590-599. [PMID: 29659700 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioy083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a group of molecules that offer structural and biochemical support to cells and interact with them to regulate their function. Also, growth factors (GFs) stored in the ECM can be locally released during ECM remodeling. Here, we hypothesize that the balance between ECM components and remodelers is regulated according to the ovarian steroid milieu to which the oviduct is exposed during the periovulatory period. Follicular growth was manipulated to generate cows that ovulated small follicles (SF-small corpus luteum [SCL]; n = 20) or large follicles (LF-large corpus luteum [LCL]; n = 21) and possess corresponding Estradiol (E2) and Progesterone (P4) plasmatic concentrations. Ampulla and isthmus samples were collected on day 4 (day 0 = ovulation induction) and immediately frozen or fixed. The transcriptional profile (n = 3/group) was evaluated by RNA sequencing. MMP Antibody Array was used to quantify ECM remodelers' protein abundance and immunohistochemistry to quantify type I collagen. Transcriptome analysis revealed the over-representation of ECM organization and remodeling pathways in the LF-LCL group. Transcription of ECM components (collagens), remodelers (ADAMs and MMPs), and related GFs were upregulated in LF-LCL. Protein intensities for MMP3, MMP8, MMP9, MMP13, and TIMP4 were greater for the LF-LCL group. Type I collagen content in the mucosa was greater in SF-SCL group. In conclusion, that the earlier and more intense exposure to E2 and P4 during the periovulatory period in LF-LCL animals stimulates ECM remodeling. We speculate that differential ECM regulation may contribute to oviductal receptivity to the embryo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Maria Gonella-Diaza
- Departamento de Reprodução Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Everton Lopes
- Departamento de Reprodução Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Kauê Ribeiro da Silva
- Departamento de Reprodução Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruno Cogliati
- Departamento de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Mario Binelli
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
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Sood TJ, Lagah SV, Mukesh M, Singla SK, Chauhan MS, Manik RS, Palta P. RNA sequencing and transcriptome analysis of buffalo (
Bubalus bubalis
) blastocysts produced by somatic cell nuclear transfer and in vitro fertilization. Mol Reprod Dev 2019; 86:1149-1167. [DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tanushri Jerath Sood
- Embryo Biotechnology Laboratory, Animal Biotechnology CentreICAR‐National Dairy Research InstituteKarnal Haryana India
| | - Swati Viviyan Lagah
- Embryo Biotechnology Laboratory, Animal Biotechnology CentreICAR‐National Dairy Research InstituteKarnal Haryana India
| | - Manishi Mukesh
- Animal Biotechnology DivisionICAR‐National Bureau of Animal Genetic ResourcesKarnal Haryana India
| | - Suresh Kumar Singla
- Embryo Biotechnology Laboratory, Animal Biotechnology CentreICAR‐National Dairy Research InstituteKarnal Haryana India
| | - Manmohan Singh Chauhan
- Embryo Biotechnology Laboratory, Animal Biotechnology CentreICAR‐National Dairy Research InstituteKarnal Haryana India
| | - Radhey Sham Manik
- Embryo Biotechnology Laboratory, Animal Biotechnology CentreICAR‐National Dairy Research InstituteKarnal Haryana India
| | - Prabhat Palta
- Embryo Biotechnology Laboratory, Animal Biotechnology CentreICAR‐National Dairy Research InstituteKarnal Haryana India
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Jin HX, Lv AX, Wu ZT, Wen S, Zhang XY, Jin DC, Sun YP. Comparative study on the pregnancy outcomes of in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer between patients with different ovarian responses (a STROBE-compliant article). Medicine (Baltimore) 2019; 98:e16191. [PMID: 31277126 PMCID: PMC6635258 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000016191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
There have been few studies on large-sample data of cleavage-stage embryo and blastocyst transfers. We compared the pregnancy outcomes of patients with different ovarian responses after the transfer of different numbers of embryos in different developmental stages.Patients were divided into 3 groups including low response group, medium response group, and high response group according to different ovarian responses. Patients in each group were further divided into 4 subgroups including group A: transfer of 1 D3 embryo, group B: transfer of 2 D3 embryos; group C: transfer of 1 D5 blastocyst; and group D: transfer of 2 D5 blastocysts.In low ovarian responders, the implantation rate, clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate were significantly lower in the group A than in the groups B and C. In medium ovarian responders, the implantation rate was significantly higher, but the multiple pregnancy rate was significantly lower in the group C than in the group B. The multiple pregnancy rate was significantly higher in the group D than in the group C. In high ovarian responders, the implantation rate was significantly lower, but the multiple pregnancy rate was significantly higher in the group B than in group C.Based on the above results, the single blastocyst transfer is preferable for the patients with different ovarian responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Xia Jin
- Center for Reproductive Medicine of The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
- Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ai-Xiang Lv
- Center for Reproductive Medicine of The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
- Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhao-Ting Wu
- Center for Reproductive Medicine of The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
- Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shuang Wen
- Center for Reproductive Medicine of The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
- Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiang-Yang Zhang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine of The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
- Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Da-Chuan Jin
- Center for Reproductive Medicine of The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
- Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ying-Pu Sun
- Center for Reproductive Medicine of The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University
- Henan Key Laboratory of Reproduction and Genetics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, China
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Gouveia Nogueira MF, Bertogna Guilherme V, Pronunciate M, Dos Santos PH, Lima Bezerra da Silva D, Rocha JC. Artificial Intelligence-Based Grading Quality of Bovine Blastocyst Digital Images: Direct Capture with Juxtaposed Lenses of Smartphone Camera and Stereomicroscope Ocular Lens. SENSORS 2018; 18:s18124440. [PMID: 30558278 PMCID: PMC6308431 DOI: 10.3390/s18124440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 11/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we developed an online graphical and intuitive interface connected to a server aiming to facilitate professional access worldwide to those facing problems with bovine blastocysts classification. The interface Blasto3Q, where 3Q refers to the three qualities of the blastocyst grading, contains a description of 24 variables that were extracted from the image of the blastocyst and analyzed by three Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) that classify the same loaded image. The same embryo (i.e., the biological specimen) was submitted to digital image capture by the control group (inverted microscope with 40× magnification) and the experimental group (stereomicroscope with maximum of magnification plus 4× zoom from the cell phone camera). The images obtained from the control and experimental groups were uploaded on Blasto3Q. Each image from both sources was evaluated for segmentation and submitted (only if it could be properly or partially segmented) for automatic quality grade classification by the three ANNs of the Blasto3Q program. Adjustments on the software program through the use of scaling algorithm software were performed to ensure the proper search and segmentation of the embryo in the raw images when they were captured by the smartphone, since this source produced small embryo images compared with those from the inverted microscope. With this new program, 77.8% of the images from smartphones were successfully segmented and from those, 85.7% were evaluated by the Blasto3Q in agreement with the control group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Fábio Gouveia Nogueira
- Laboratory of Embryonic Micromanipulation, Department of Biological Sciences, School of Sciences and Languages, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Assis, São Paulo 19.806-900, Brazil.
- Multiuser Facility (FitoFarmaTec), Department of Pharmacology, Biosciences Institute, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo 18.618-689, Brazil.
| | - Vitória Bertogna Guilherme
- Laboratory of Embryonic Micromanipulation, Department of Biological Sciences, School of Sciences and Languages, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Assis, São Paulo 19.806-900, Brazil.
| | - Micheli Pronunciate
- Laboratory of Embryonic Micromanipulation, Department of Biological Sciences, School of Sciences and Languages, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Assis, São Paulo 19.806-900, Brazil.
- Multiuser Facility (FitoFarmaTec), Department of Pharmacology, Biosciences Institute, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo 18.618-689, Brazil.
| | - Priscila Helena Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Embryonic Micromanipulation, Department of Biological Sciences, School of Sciences and Languages, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Assis, São Paulo 19.806-900, Brazil.
- Multiuser Facility (FitoFarmaTec), Department of Pharmacology, Biosciences Institute, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo 18.618-689, Brazil.
| | - Diogo Lima Bezerra da Silva
- Laboratory of Applied Mathematics, Department of Biological Sciences, School of Sciences and Languages, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Assis, São Paulo 19.806-900, Brazil.
| | - José Celso Rocha
- Laboratory of Applied Mathematics, Department of Biological Sciences, School of Sciences and Languages, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Assis, São Paulo 19.806-900, Brazil.
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Sánchez JM, Mathew DJ, Passaro C, Fair T, Lonergan P. Embryonic maternal interaction in cattle and its relationship with fertility. Reprod Domest Anim 2018; 53 Suppl 2:20-27. [PMID: 30238655 DOI: 10.1111/rda.13297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 07/19/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Embryo mortality is a major contributor to poor reproductive efficiency and profitability in cattle production systems. While conception is achieved (i.e., the oocyte is fertilized) in the vast majority of cases if insemination is carried out correctly, a significant proportion of the resulting embryos fail to develop to term. Appropriate communication between the developing conceptus and the maternal endometrium is essential for the establishment and maintenance of pregnancy in all mammals. Up to the blastocyst stage, around Days 7-9, contact worth the female reproductive system is not required. However, the process of conceptus elongation after hatching and prior to implantation is entirely maternally driven and is essential to ensure that sufficient quantities of interferon-tau (IFNT) are secreted by the developing conceptus to abrogate the mechanisms that bring about luteolysis. While the importance of conceptus-derived IFNT in maternal recognition of pregnancy and prevention of luteolysis in cattle is unequivocal, many questions, such as the threshold level of IFNT required for pregnancy maintenance, remain unanswered. Furthermore, the precise role of IFNT-independent mechanisms in pregnancy establishment remains to be elucidated. Irrespective of this, failure of the conceptus to elongate undoubtedly results in embryonic loss and is thus believed to contribute greatly to reproductive failure in cattle. This review will address some of these answered questions and try to shed some light on those gaps in knowledge that could potentially contribute to improved embryo survival and reproductive efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- José María Sánchez
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Daniel J Mathew
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Claudia Passaro
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Trudee Fair
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Pat Lonergan
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
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44
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Del Collado M, Andrade GM, Meirelles FV, da Silveira JC, Perecin F. Contributions from the ovarian follicular environment to oocyte function. Anim Reprod 2018; 15:261-270. [PMID: 34178149 PMCID: PMC8202235 DOI: 10.21451/1984-3143-ar2018-0082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The magnitude of oocyte's role for embryo development is categorical. This unique cell contains the machineries and cellular components necessary to remodel male and female chromatin, to sustain early development and to, ultimately, generate a complete and complex individual. However, to gain these competences before fertilization, the oocyte undergoes several morphological, cellular and molecular changes during its lifetime enclosed in the ovarian follicle. This review will briefly revisit how the oocyte orchestrate the follicular cells, and how molecules transit to the oocyte from the innermost (cumulus) and outermost (antrum and granulosa cells) layers surrounding the follicle-enclosed oocyte. Finally, we will discuss the interferences of in vitro culture conditions in the communication of the oocyte with its surrounding cells and the potential strategies to modulate these communication systems to increase oocyte competence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maite Del Collado
- Faculty of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | - Gabriella Mamede Andrade
- Faculty of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | - Flávio Vieira Meirelles
- Faculty of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliano Coelho da Silveira
- Faculty of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
| | - Felipe Perecin
- Faculty of Animal Sciences and Food Engineering, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of São Paulo, Pirassununga, SP, Brazil
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45
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Embryotropic effects of vascular endothelial growth factor on porcine embryos produced by in vitro fertilization. Theriogenology 2018; 120:147-156. [PMID: 30121547 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2018.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 07/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Current research suggests that supplementing in vitro culture (IVC) media with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) may have beneficial effects on the development of porcine embryos in vitro. However, the molecular signaling mechanisms underlying this effect are unclear. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effects of VEGF on molecular signaling events during in vitro embryonic development of porcine embryos. Porcine oocytes matured in vitro were fertilized, and the resultant zygotes were cultured with 5 ng/mL of VEGF supplemented with or without fetal bovine serum from day 4 till day 7. Without VEGF and/or FBS served as the control group. Real-time quantitative PCR was used to detect expression patterns of apoptosis- and oxidative stress-related genes in day 7 blastocysts (BLs). Early-stage apoptosis was detected by annexin-V assays in day 2 and day 7 embryos. We found that the addition of VEGF throughout the culture period with or without FBS supplementation significantly improved embryo survival and development. Supplementation with VEGF in the IVC medium significantly increased early BL formation (p < 0.05), although addition of FBS on day 4 significantly increased hatched BL formation (p < 0.05) regardless of VEGF supplementation. However, supplementation of media with both VEGF and FBS increased the formation of expanded BLs synergistically. The average total cell numbers per BL were significantly (p < 0.05) higher in embryos supplemented with VEGF and FBS than in those supplemented with either VEGF or FBS alone. We also found that accumulation of reactive oxygen species in VEGF-treated embryos was significantly lower (p < 0.05) than that in untreated embryos. The mRNA levels of caspase-3 were significantly lower (p < 0.05), and those of Bcl-2 and Nrf-2 were significantly higher (p < 0.05) in embryos grown in VEGF-supplemented media than in embryos grown in non-supplemented media. Furthermore, on day 2, the numbers of viable embryos (44.06 ± 3.94%) and blastomeres (67.18 ± 3.60%) were significantly higher (p < 0.05), and the numbers of early apoptotic embryos (55.94 ± 3.94) and blastomeres (23.23 ± 4.22) were significantly lower (p < 0.05) in VEGF-treated BLs than in controls. Furthermore, the numbers of early apoptotic cells in BLs on day 7 were also significantly lower (p < 0.05) in VEGF-treated BLs than in controls. Overall, our results indicate that supplementing IVC media with VEGF during in vitro culture of porcine embryos increases their developmental potential.
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46
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Gómez E, Carrocera S, Uzbekova S, Martín D, Murillo A, Alonso-Guervós M, Goyache F, Muñoz M. Protein in culture and endogenous lipid interact with embryonic stages in vitro to alter calf birthweight after embryo vitrification and warming. Reprod Fertil Dev 2018; 29:1932-1943. [PMID: 27890045 DOI: 10.1071/rd16213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Short-term protein removal in vitro improves long-term blastocyst competence to survive vitrification. We investigated the mechanisms and effects underlying protein removal. Day-6 morulae and early blastocysts were cultured individually with and without protein for 24h. Development and lipid content were analysed in expanded blastocysts derived from morulae (M-XB) and from early blastocysts (EB-XB). Expression of genes involved in lipid metabolism, stress responses and apoptosis was analysed in fresh and vitrified-warmed M-XB produced with and without protein. Pregnancy rates, birth rates and birthweight (BW) were recorded after transfer of embryos. Day-7 EB-XB production rates (with, 66.9±6.2 and without, 68.8±6.0 protein) were higher than M-XB rates (with, 21.4±4.6 and without, 9.4±4.6 protein; P<0.005). EB-XB showed fewer lipids than M-XB (P=0.03). In fresh M-XB, expression of sterol regulatory element binding protein (SREBP1) was lower with (4.1±2.2) than without (13.6±2.2) protein, contrary to results obtained for Patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 2, Hormone-sensitive lipase and Bcl-2-associated X protein (P<0.05). Protein did not affect pregnancy rates and birth phenotypes (P>0.05). However, BW was higher (P<0.01) in calves born from vitrified M-XB (48.6±3.4kg) than from EB-XB (39.8±2.9kg). Such effects were more pronounced in females (P<0.001). Calves from fresh embryos did not show BW differences. These results indicate that embryonic kinetics and vitrification impact birth phenotypes, at least in females. Alterations might involve exogenous protein and mobilisation of lipid stocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Gómez
- Centro de Biotecnología Animal, SERIDA, Camino de Rioseco 1225, 33394 Gijón, Spain
| | - S Carrocera
- Centro de Biotecnología Animal, SERIDA, Camino de Rioseco 1225, 33394 Gijón, Spain
| | - S Uzbekova
- Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique , UMR8 Physiologie de la Reproduction et des Comportements, F-37380 Nouzilly, France
| | - D Martín
- Centro de Biotecnología Animal, SERIDA, Camino de Rioseco 1225, 33394 Gijón, Spain
| | - A Murillo
- Centro de Biotecnología Animal, SERIDA, Camino de Rioseco 1225, 33394 Gijón, Spain
| | - M Alonso-Guervós
- Unidad de Microscopía Fotónica y Proceso de Imágenes, Servicios Científico Técnicos, Universidad de Oviedo, Instituto Universitario de Oncología de Asturias (IUOPA), 33006 Oviedo, Spain
| | - F Goyache
- Centro de Biotecnología Animal, SERIDA, Camino de Rioseco 1225, 33394 Gijón, Spain
| | - M Muñoz
- Centro de Biotecnología Animal, SERIDA, Camino de Rioseco 1225, 33394 Gijón, Spain
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47
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Passaro C, Tutt D, Mathew DJ, Sanchez JM, Browne JA, Boe-Hansen GB, Fair T, Lonergan P. Blastocyst-induced changes in the bovine endometrial transcriptome. Reproduction 2018; 156:219-229. [PMID: 30021913 DOI: 10.1530/rep-18-0188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2018] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were (i) to determine whether blastocyst-induced responses in endometrial explants were detectable after 6- or 24-h co-culture in vitro; (ii) to test if direct contact is required between embryos and the endometrial surface in order to stimulate endometrial gene expression; (iii) to establish the number of blastocysts required to elicit a detectable endometrial response; (iv) to investigate if upregulation of five interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs) in the endometrium was specific to the blastocyst stage and (v) to test if alterations in endometrial gene expression can be induced by blastocyst-conditioned medium. Exposure of endometrial explants to Day 8 blastocysts in vitro for 6 or 24 h induced the expression of ISGs (MX1, MX2, OAS1, ISG15, RSAD2); expression of IFNAR1, IFNAR2, NFKB1, IL1B, STAT1, LGALS3BP, LGALS9, HPGD, PTGES, ITGB1, AKR1C4, AMD1 and AQP4 was not affected. Culture of explants in the presence of more than five blastocysts was sufficient to induce the effect, with maximum expression of ISGs occurring in the presence of 20 blastocysts. This effect was exclusive to blastocyst stage embryos; oocytes, 2-cell embryos or Day 5 morulae did not alter the relative abundance of any of the transcripts examined. Direct contact between blastocysts and the endometrial surface was not required in order to alter the abundance of these transcripts and blastocyst-conditioned medium alone was sufficient to stimulate a response. Results support the notion that local embryo-maternal interaction may occur as early as Day 8 of pregnancy in cattle.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Passaro
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - D Tutt
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia
| | - D J Mathew
- Division of Animal and Nutritional Sciences, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia, USA
| | - J M Sanchez
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - J A Browne
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - G B Boe-Hansen
- School of Veterinary Science, The University of Queensland, Gatton, Queensland, Australia
| | - T Fair
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
| | - P Lonergan
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin, Ireland
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48
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Águila L, Felmer R, Arias ME, Navarrete F, Martin-Hidalgo D, Lee HC, Visconti P, Fissore R. Defective sperm head decondensation undermines the success of ICSI in the bovine. Reproduction 2018; 154:307-318. [PMID: 28751536 DOI: 10.1530/rep-17-0270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
The efficiency of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) in the bovine is low compared to other species. It is unknown whether defective oocyte activation and/or sperm head decondensation limit the success of this technique in this species. To elucidate where the main obstacle lies, we used homologous and heterologous ICSI and parthenogenetic activation procedures. We also evaluated whether in vitro maturation negatively impacted the early stages of activation after ICSI. Here we showed that injected bovine sperm are resistant to nuclear decondensation by bovine oocytes and this is only partly overcome by exogenous activation. Remarkably, when we used heterologous ICSI, in vivo-matured mouse eggs were capable of mounting calcium oscillations and displaying normal PN formation following injection of bovine sperm, although in vitro-matured mouse oocytes were unable to do so. Together, our data demonstrate that bovine sperm are especially resistant to nuclear decondensation by in vitro-matured oocytes and this deficiency cannot be simply overcome by exogenous activation protocols, even by inducing physiological calcium oscillations. Therefore, the inability of a suboptimal ooplasmic environment to induce sperm head decondensation limits the success of ICSI in the bovine. Studies aimed to improve the cytoplasmic milieu of in vitro-matured oocytes and to replicate the molecular changes associated with in vivo capacitation and acrosome reaction will deepen our understanding of the mechanism of fertilization and improve the success of ICSI in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Águila
- Laboratory of Reproduction, Centre of Reproductive Biotechnology (CEBIOR-BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.,Department of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.,School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Mayor Sede Temuco, Temuco, Chile
| | - Ricardo Felmer
- Laboratory of Reproduction, Centre of Reproductive Biotechnology (CEBIOR-BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.,Department of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - María Elena Arias
- Laboratory of Reproduction, Centre of Reproductive Biotechnology (CEBIOR-BIOREN), Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.,Department of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Faculty of Agriculture and Forestry, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | - Felipe Navarrete
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Science, Integrated Sciences Building, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - David Martin-Hidalgo
- Research Group of Intracellular Signaling and Technology of Reproduction, Research Institute INBIO G+C, University of Extremadura, Caceres, Spain.,Department of Veterinary and Animal Science, Integrated Sciences Building, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Hoi Chang Lee
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Science, Integrated Sciences Building, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Pablo Visconti
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Science, Integrated Sciences Building, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rafael Fissore
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Science, Integrated Sciences Building, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts, USA
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49
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Binelli M, Gonella-Diaza AM, Mesquita FS, Membrive CMB. Sex Steroid-Mediated Control of Oviductal Function in Cattle. BIOLOGY 2018; 7:E15. [PMID: 29393864 PMCID: PMC5872041 DOI: 10.3390/biology7010015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In cattle, the oviduct is a tubular organ that connects the ovary and the uterus. The oviduct lumen stages a dynamic set of cellular and molecular interactions to fulfill the noble role of generating a new individual. Specific anatomical niches along the oviduct lumen provide the appropriate microenvironment for final sperm capacitation, oocyte capture and fertilization, and early embryo development and transport. To accomplish such complex tasks, the oviduct undergoes spatially and temporally-regulated morphological, biochemical, and physiological changes that are associated with endocrine events of the estrous cycle. Specifically, elevated periovulatory concentrations of estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P4) influence gene expression and morphological changes that have been associated positively to fertility in beef cattle. In this review, we explore how E2 and P4 influence oviductal function in the beginning of the estrous cycle, and prepare the oviductal lumen for interactions with gametes and embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Binelli
- Department of Animal Sciences, University of Florida, PO Box 110910, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
| | - Angela Maria Gonella-Diaza
- Departamento de Reprodução Animal, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua Duque de Caxias Norte, 255, Bairro: Jardim Elite, Pirassununga 13635-900, SP, Brazil.
| | - Fernando Silveira Mesquita
- Curso de Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal do Pampa, UNIPAMPA, BR 472-Km 592, Uruguaiana 97508-000, RS, Brazil.
| | - Claudia Maria Bertan Membrive
- Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias Tecnológicas-FCAT, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita", Rodovia Comandante João Ribeiro de Barros (SP 294), Km 651, Dracena 17900-000, SP, Brazil.
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50
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Botigelli RC, Razza EM, Pioltine EM, Fontes PK, Schwarz KRL, Leal CLV, Nogueira MFG. Supplementing in vitro embryo production media by NPPC and sildenafil affect the cytoplasmic lipid content and gene expression of bovine cumulus-oocyte complexes and embryos. Reprod Biol 2018; 18:66-75. [PMID: 29361408 DOI: 10.1016/j.repbio.2018.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Revised: 01/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In our study, we added natriuretic peptide type C (NPPC) and/or sildenafil during in vitro maturation (IVM) of bovine cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) followed by in vitro culture (IVC) of embryos with or without sildenafil. We evaluated the effects on the lipid content (LC) of oocytes and embryos and also verified the expression of 96 transcripts related to competence in matured COCs and 96 transcripts related to embryo quality in blastocysts. After IVM, LC was decreased in oocytes by NPPC while sildenafil did not affect LC in oocytes. The genes involved in lipid metabolism and lipid accumulation (DGAT1, PLIN2and PLIN3) were not affected in COCs after treatment during IVM, although the expression of PTX3 (a cumulus cells expansion biomarker) was increased and the hatched blastocyst rate was increased by NPPC during IVM. During IVM, sildenafil increased the mRNA relative abundance of HSF1 and PAF1 and decreased REST in blastocysts. The use of sildenafil in IVC increased the LC of blastocysts. The mRNA abundance in blastocysts produced during IVC with sildenafil was changed for ATF4, XBP1, DNMT3A, DNMT3B, COX2, and SOX2. Although NPPC reduced the LC of oocytes after IVM and upregulated markers for cumulus expansion, embryo production was not affected and the produced blastocysts were able to regain their LC after IVC. Finally, the use of sildenafil during IVC increased the cytoplasmic LC of embryos but did not affect embryo quality, as measured by analysis of 96 transcripts related to embryo quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramon Cesar Botigelli
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Department of pharmacology, Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618-689, Brazil; University of São Paulo (USP), Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Pirassununga, São Paulo, 13635-900, Brazil.
| | - Eduardo Montanari Razza
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Department of pharmacology, Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618-689, Brazil
| | - Elisa Mariano Pioltine
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Department of pharmacology, Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618-689, Brazil
| | - Patricia Kubo Fontes
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Department of pharmacology, Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618-689, Brazil
| | - Kátia Regina Lancellotti Schwarz
- University of São Paulo (USP), Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Pirassununga, São Paulo, 13635-900, Brazil
| | - Cláudia Lima Verde Leal
- University of São Paulo (USP), Faculty of Animal Science and Food Engineering, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Pirassununga, São Paulo, 13635-900, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Fábio Gouveia Nogueira
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), Institute of Biosciences, Department of pharmacology, Botucatu, São Paulo, 18618-689, Brazil; São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Sciences, Humanities and Languages, Department of Biological Science, Assis, São Paulo, 19806-900, Brazil
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