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Himaki T, Hano K. Effects of alpha lipoic acid treatment during in vitro maturation on the development of porcine somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos. Anim Sci J 2023; 94:e13889. [PMID: 38031165 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/26/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress influences the embryo production efficiency in vitro. We investigated the effects of alpha lipoic acid (ALA) treatment during the in vitro maturation (IVM) period on the porcine somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryo production. After IVM, maturation rates of the 12.5- and 25-μM ALA-treated groups were not significantly different from those of the 0-μM ALA-treated group. Compared to those in the 0-μM ALA-treated group, the reactive oxygen species and glutathione levels were significantly decreased and increased, respectively, in the cytoplasm of matured oocytes in the 12.5-50-μM ALA-treated groups. Apoptosis rate in cumulus cells after IVM was significantly lower in the 12.5-50-μM ALA-treated groups than in the 0-μM ALA-treated group. Blastocyst formation rate was significantly higher in parthenogenetic oocytes treated with 12.5-μM ALA than in the 0-, 25-, and 50-μM ALA-treated groups. Similarly, in SCNT embryos, the 12.5-μM ALA-treated group showed a significantly higher blastocyst formation rate than the 0-μM ALA-treated group. Apoptosis rate in SCNT blastocysts was significantly decreased by 12.5-μM ALA treatment. The results showed that treatment with 12.5-μM ALA during IVM improves porcine SCNT embryo development and partial quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takehiro Himaki
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
| | - Kazuki Hano
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Science, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, Gifu, Japan
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2
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Jin H, Choi W, Matsumura K, Hyon SH, Gen Y, Hayashi M, Kawabata T, Ijiri M, Miyoshi K. Improved fertility of frozen-thawed porcine spermatozoa with 3,3-dimethylglutaric anhydride poly-L-lysine as a novel cryoprotectant. Anim Sci J 2023; 94:e13821. [PMID: 36866922 DOI: 10.1111/asj.13821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we determined the efficacy of 3,3-dimethylglutaric anhydride poly-L-lysine (DMGA-PLL) as a cryoprotectant for porcine spermatozoa. Porcine spermatozoa were cryopreserved in a freezing extender containing 3% (v/v) glycerol and various concentrations of DMGA-PLL. At 12 h after thawing, the motility index of spermatozoa cryopreserved with 0.25% (v/v) DMGA-PLL (25.9) was significantly (P < 0.01) higher than that of spermatozoa cryopreserved with 0%, 0.125%, or 0.5% DMGA-PLL (10.0-16.3). In addition, the blastocyst formation rate of embryos derived from spermatozoa cryopreserved with 0.25% DMGA-PLL (22.8%) was significantly (P < 0.01) higher than that of embryos derived from spermatozoa cryopreserved with 0%, 0.125%, or 0.5% DMGA-PLL (7.9%-10.9%). The mean number of total piglets born to sows inseminated with spermatozoa cryopreserved without DMGA-PLL (9.0) was significantly (P < 0.05) lower than that of total piglets born to sows inseminated with spermatozoa stored at 17°C (13.8). However, when spermatozoa cryopreserved with 0.25% DMGA-PLL were used for artificial insemination, the mean number of total piglets (11.7) was not significantly different from that obtained following artificial insemination using spermatozoa stored at 17°C. The results showed the usefulness of DMGA-PLL as a cryoprotectant in the cryopreservation of porcine spermatozoa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hansol Jin
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Wooyoon Choi
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kazuaki Matsumura
- School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Nomi, Japan
| | | | - Yuki Gen
- BioVerde Incorporated, Kyoto, Japan
| | | | - Tadahiro Kawabata
- Section of Swine, Kagoshima Prefectural Economics Federation of Agricultural Cooperatives, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Moe Ijiri
- Transboundary Animal Diseases Research Center, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kazuchika Miyoshi
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.,The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
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Miyoshi K, Kawaguchi H, Maeda K, Sato M, Akioka K, Noguchi M, Horiuchi M, Tanimoto A. Birth of Cloned Microminipigs Derived from Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer Embryos That Have Been Transiently Treated with Valproic Acid. Cell Reprogram 2017; 18:390-400. [PMID: 27906585 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2016.0025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In our previous study, we found that treatment of miniature pig somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos with 4 mM valproic acid (VPA), a histone deacetylase inhibitor, for 48 hours after activation enhanced blastocyst formation rate and octamer-binding transcription factor-3/4 (Oct-3/4) gene expression at the late blastocyst stage; however, the production of viable cloned pups failed, when those VPA-treated SCNT embryos were transferred to recipients. This failure suggests that the present VPA treatment is suboptimal. In the present study, we explored the optimal conditions for VPA to have beneficial effects on the development of SCNT embryos. When miniature pig SCNT embryos were treated with 8 mM VPA for 24 hours after activation, both the rates of blastocyst formation and blastocysts expressing the Oct-3/4 gene were significantly (p < 0.05) improved. A similar increase in blastocyst formation was also observed when microminipig-derived cells were used as SCNT donors. Five cloned piglets were obtained after the transfer of 152 microminipig SCNT embryos that had been treated with 8 mM VPA for 24 hours. The results indicated that a short duration of treatment with VPA improves the development of both miniature pig and microminipig SCNT embryos, possibly via an enhanced reprogramming mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuchika Miyoshi
- 1 Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University , Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Kawaguchi
- 2 Department of Hygiene and Health Promotion Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University , Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kosuke Maeda
- 1 Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University , Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Masahiro Sato
- 3 Section of Gene Expression Regulation, Center for Advanced Biomedical Science and Swine Research, Kagoshima University , Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kohei Akioka
- 4 Department of Veterinary Histopathology, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University , Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Michiko Noguchi
- 5 Laboratory of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu University , Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Masahisa Horiuchi
- 2 Department of Hygiene and Health Promotion Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University , Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Akihide Tanimoto
- 6 Department of Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University , Kagoshima, Japan
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4
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Nucleus transfer efficiency of ear fibroblast cells isolated from Bama miniature pigs at various ages. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11596-015-1475-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Production of Cloned Miniature Pigs Expressing High Levels of Human Apolipoprotein(a) in Plasma. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0132155. [PMID: 26147378 PMCID: PMC4492603 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0132155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
High lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] levels are a major risk factor for the development of atherosclerosis. However, because apolipoprotein(a) [apo(a)], the unique component of Lp(a), is found only in primates and humans, the study of human Lp(a) has been hampered due to the lack of appropriate animal models. Using somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) techniques, we produced transgenic miniature pigs expressing human apo(a) in the plasma. First, we placed the hemagglutinin (HA)-tagged cDNA of human apo(a) under the control of the β-actin promoter and cytomegalovirus enhancer, and then introduced this construct into kidney epithelial cells. Immunostaining of cells with anti-HA antibody allowed identification of cells stably expressing apo(a); one of the positive clones was used to provide donor cells for SCNT, yielding blastocysts that expressed apo(a). Immunohistochemical analysis of tissue sections and RT-PCR analysis of total RNA from organs of cloned piglet revealed that apo(a) is expressed in various tissues/organs including heart, liver, kidney, and intestine. More importantly, a transgenic line exhibited a high level (>400 mg/dL) of Lp(a) in plasma, and the transgenic apo(a) gene was transmitted to the offspring. Thus, we generated a human apo(a)–transgenic miniature pig that can be used as a model system to study advanced atherosclerosis related to human disease. The anatomical and physiological similarities between the swine and human cardiovascular systems will make this pig model a valuable source of information on the role of apo(a) in the formation of atherosclerosis, as well as the mechanisms underlying vascular health and disease.
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Li S, Kang JD, Jin JX, Hong Y, Zhu HY, Jin L, Gao QS, Yan CG, Cui CD, Li WX, Yin XJ. Effect of demecolcine-assisted enucleation on the MPF level and cyclin B1 distribution in porcine oocytes. PLoS One 2014; 9:e91483. [PMID: 24626152 PMCID: PMC3953396 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Demecolcine (DEM) treatment of oocytes induces formation of a membrane protrusion containing a mass of condensed maternal chromosomes, which can be removed with minimal damage prior to somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). However, the effect of this method on the distribution of maturation-promoting factor (MPF) in porcine oocytes has not been reported. Here, the level of MPF and the distribution of cyclin B1 were assessed in porcine oocytes following DEM treatment. In addition, the efficiencies of DEM-assisted and mechanical enucleation were compared, as were the development (in vitro and in vivo) of these oocytes following SCNT. MPF was uniformly distributed in oocytes that had been treated with 0.4 μg/ml DEM for 1 h. Immunofluorescence microscopy showed that in untreated oocytes, cyclin B1, the regulatory subunit of MPF, accumulated around the spindle, and was lowly detected in the cytoplasm. DEM treatment disrupted spindle microtubules, induced chromosome condensation, and reduced the level of cyclin B1 in the nuclear region. Cyclin B1 was uniformly distributed in DEM-treated oocytes and the level of MPF was increased. The potential of embryos generated from DEM-treated oocytes to develop in vivo was significantly greater than that of embryos generated from mechanically enucleated oocytes. This is the first study to report the effects of DEM-assisted enucleation of porcine oocytes on the distribution of cyclin B1. MPF in mature oocytes is important for the development of reconstructed embryos and for efficient SCNT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suo Li
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Jin-Dan Kang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Jun-Xue Jin
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Yu Hong
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Hai-Ying Zhu
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Long Jin
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Qing-Shan Gao
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Chang-Guo Yan
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Cheng-Du Cui
- Department of veterinary medicine, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Wen-Xue Li
- Department of veterinary medicine, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Xi-Jun Yin
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
- * E-mail:
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Shimatsu Y, Yamada K, Horii W, Hirakata A, Sakamoto Y, Waki S, Sano J, Saitoh T, Sahara H, Shimizu A, Yazawa H, Sachs DH, Nunoya T. Production of cloned NIBS (Nippon Institute for Biological Science) and α-1, 3-galactosyltransferase knockout MGH miniature pigs by somatic cell nuclear transfer using the NIBS breed as surrogates. Xenotransplantation 2013; 20:157-64. [PMID: 23581451 DOI: 10.1111/xen.12031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2012] [Accepted: 02/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nuclear transfer (NT) technologies offer a means for producing the genetically modified pigs necessary to develop swine models for mechanistic studies of disease processes as well as to serve as organ donors for xenotransplantation. Most previous studies have used commercial pigs as surrogates. METHOD AND RESULTS In this study, we established a cloning technique for miniature pigs by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) using Nippon Institute for Biological Science (NIBS) miniature pigs as surrogates. Moreover, utilizing this technique, we have successfully produced an α-1, 3-galactosyltransferase knockout (GalT-KO) miniature swine. Fibroblasts procured from a NIBS miniature pig fetus were injected into 1312 enucleated oocytes. The cloned embryos were transferred to 11 surrogates of which five successfully delivered 13 cloned offspring; the production efficiency was 1.0% (13/1312). In a second experiment, lung fibroblasts obtained from neonatal GalT-KO MGH miniature swine were used as donor cells and 1953 cloned embryos were transferred to 12 surrogates. Six cloned offspring were born from five surrogates, a production efficiency of 0.3% (6/1953). CONCLUSIONS These results demonstrate successful establishment of a miniature pig cloning technique by SCNT using NIBS miniature pigs as surrogates. To our knowledge, this is the first demonstration of successful production of GalT-KO miniature swine using miniature swine surrogates. This technique could help to ensure a stable supply of the cloned pigs through the use of miniature pig surrogates and could expand production in countries with limited space or in facilities with special regulations such as specific pathogen-free or good laboratory practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiki Shimatsu
- Research & Development Department, Nippon Institute for Biological Science, Hokuto, Japan
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Wei H, Qing Y, Pan W, Zhao H, Li H, Cheng W, Zhao L, Xu C, Li H, Li S, Ye L, Wei T, Li X, Fu G, Li W, Xin J, Zeng Y. Comparison of the efficiency of Banna miniature inbred pig somatic cell nuclear transfer among different donor cells. PLoS One 2013; 8:e57728. [PMID: 23469059 PMCID: PMC3585185 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0057728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2012] [Accepted: 01/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is an important method of breeding quality varieties, expanding groups, and preserving endangered species. However, the viability of SCNT embryos is poor, and the cloned rate of animal production is low in pig. This study aims to investigate the gene function and establish a disease model of Banna miniature inbred pig. SCNT with donor cells derived from fetal, newborn, and adult fibroblasts was performed, and the cloning efficiencies among the donor cells were compared. The results showed that the cleavage and blastocyst formation rates did not significantly differ between the reconstructed embryos derived from the fetal (74.3% and 27.4%) and newborn (76.4% and 21.8%) fibroblasts of the Banna miniature inbred pig (P>0.05). However, both fetal and newborn fibroblast groups showed significantly higher rates than the adult fibroblast group (61.9% and 13.0%; P<0.05). The pregnancy rates of the recipients in the fetal and newborn fibroblast groups (60% and 80%, respectively) were higher than those in the adult fibroblast group. Eight, three, and one cloned piglet were obtained from reconstructed embryos of the fetal, newborn, and adult fibroblasts, respectively. Microsatellite analyses results indicated that the genotypes of all cloning piglets were identical to their donor cells and that the genetic homozygosity of the Banna miniature inbred pig was higher than those of the recipients. Therefore, the offspring was successfully cloned using the fetal, newborn, and adult fibroblasts of Banna miniature inbred pig as donor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongjiang Wei
- Key Laboratory of Banna Miniature Inbred Pig of Yunnan Province, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.
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9
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Wang L, Jiang H, Su L, Tang B, Li D, Li Z. Effects of colchicine or demecolcine on cytoplasmic protrusions and assisted enucleation of golden hamster oocytes. Cell Biol Int 2013; 33:1274-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellbi.2009.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2009] [Revised: 06/22/2009] [Accepted: 08/25/2009] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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10
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Park JY, Park MR, Bui HT, Kwon DN, Kang MH, Oh M, Han JW, Cho SG, Park C, Shim H, Kim HM, Kang MJ, Park JK, Lee JW, Lee KK, Kim JH. α1,3-galactosyltransferase deficiency in germ-free miniature pigs increases N-glycolylneuraminic acids as the xenoantigenic determinant in pig-human xenotransplantation. Cell Reprogram 2012; 14:353-63. [PMID: 22775484 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2011.0083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, we examined whether Hanganutziu-Deicher (H-D) antigens are important as an immunogenic non-α1,3-galactose (Gal) epitope in pigs with a disrupted α1,3-galactosyltransferase gene. The targeting efficiency of the AO blood genotype was achieved (2.2%) in pig fibroblast cells. A total of 1800 somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos were transferred to 10 recipients. One recipient developed to term and naturally delivered two piglets. The α1,3-galactosyltransferase activity in lung, liver, spleen, and testis of heterozygote α1,3-galactosyltransferase gene knockout (GalT-KO) pigs was significantly decreased, whereas brain and heart showed very low decreasing levels of α1,3-galactosyltransferase activity when compared to those of control. Enzyme-linked lectinosorbent assay showed that the heterozygote GalT-KO pig had more sialylα2,6- and sialylα2,3-linked glycan than the control. Furthermore, the heart, liver, and kidney of the heterozygote GalT-KO pig had a higher N-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc) content than the control, whereas the lung of the heterozygote GalT-KO pig had Neu5Gc content similar to the control. Collectively, the data strongly indicated that Neu5Gc is a more critical xenoantigen to overcoming the next acute immune rejection in pig to human xenotransplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong-Yi Park
- Department of Animal Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Himaki T, Mizobe Y, Tsuda K, Suetomo M, Yamakuchi H, Miyoshi K, Takao S, Yoshida M. Effect of postactivation treatment with latrunculin A on in vitro and in vivo development of cloned embryos derived from kidney fibroblasts of an aged Clawn miniature boar. J Reprod Dev 2012; 58:398-403. [PMID: 22498812 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.11-083a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine the effect of postactivation treatment with latrunculin A (LatA), an actin polymerization inhibitor, on in vitro and in vivo development of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos derived from kidney fibroblasts of an aged Clawn miniature boar (12 years old). After electric activation, SCNT embryos were treated with 0, 0.5 or 1 μM LatA and cultured in vitro. The rate of blastocyst formation was significantly higher (P<0.05) in SCNT embryos treated with 0.5 μM LatA (38%) than those in control (14%). When cloned embryos treated with 0.5 μM LatA were transferred into the oviducts of two recipient miniature gilts to assess their development in vivo, both recipients became pregnant; one maintained pregnancy to term, and a live piglet (weighing 220 g) was delivered by Caesarean section. The results of this study indicated that the postactivation treatment with LatA was effective in improving in vitro developmental capacity of SCNT miniature pig embryos derived from kidney fibroblasts of an aged animal and that miniature pig cloned embryos treated with LatA had the ability to develop to term.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takehiro Himaki
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
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CHI H, SATO M, YOSHIDA M, MIYOSHI K. Expression analysis of an α-1, 3-galactosyltransferase, an enzyme that creates xenotransplantation-related α-Gal epitope, in pig preimplantation embryos. Anim Sci J 2011; 83:88-93. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1740-0929.2011.00964.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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13
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Chi H, Shinohara M, Yokomine T, Sato M, Takao S, Yoshida M, Miyoshi K. Successful suppression of endogenous α-1,3-galactosyltransferase expression by RNA interference in pig embryos generated in vitro. J Reprod Dev 2011; 58:69-76. [PMID: 21997138 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.10-165m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) technology using small interfering RNAs (siRNA) has been widely used as a powerful tool to knock down gene expression in various organisms. In pig preimplantation embryos, no attempt to suppress the target gene expression with such technology has been made. The purpose of this study is to demonstrate that the RNAi technology is useful for suppression of endogenous target gene expression at an early stage of development in pigs. Alpha-1,3-Galactosyltransferase (α-GalT) is an enzyme that creates the Galα1-3Gal (α-Gal) epitope on the cell surface in some mammalian species, and removal of the epitope is considered to be a prerequisite for pig-to-human xenotransplantation. We decided to suppress the endogenous α-GalT mRNA expression in pig early embryos, since reduction of α-GalT synthesis is easily monitored by cytochemical staining with Bandeiraea simplicifolia isolectin-B(4), a lectin that specifically binds to the α-Gal epitope, and by RT-PCR analysis. Cytoplasmic microinjection of double-stranded RNA and pronuclear injection of an siRNA expression vector into the embryos generated in vitro resulted in a significant reduction in expression of the α-GalT gene and α-Gal epitope in blastocysts, at which stage the α-Gal epitope is abundantly expressed. Somatic cell nuclear transfer of embryonic fibroblasts stably transfected with an siRNA expression vector also led to a significant reduction in the level of α-GalT mRNA synthesis together with decreased amounts of the α-Gal epitope at the blastocyst stage. These results indicate that the RNAi technology is useful for efficient suppression of a target gene expression during embryogenesis in pigs and suggest the possibility of production of siRNA-expressing pigs for use in xenotransplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haiying Chi
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan
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14
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ZHANG TY, DAI JJ, WU CF, GU XL, LIU L, WU ZQ, XIE YN, WU B, CHEN HL, LI Y, CHEN XJ, ZHANG DF. Positive effects of treatment of donor cells with aphidicolin on the preimplantation development of somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos in Chinese Bama mini-pig (Sus Scrofa). Anim Sci J 2011; 83:103-10. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1740-0929.2011.00926.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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15
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Dang-Nguyen T, Kaneda M, Somfai T, Haraguchi S, Matsukawa K, Akagi S, Kikuchi K, Nakai M, Nguyen B, Tajima A, Kanai Y, Nagai T. Development of single blastomeres derived from two-cell embryos produced in vitro in pigs. Theriogenology 2011; 76:88-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2011.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2010] [Revised: 01/12/2011] [Accepted: 01/17/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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16
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Park HJ, Koo OJ, Kwon DK, Kang JT, Jang G, Lee BC. Effect of roscovitine-treated donor cells on development of porcine cloned embryos. Reprod Domest Anim 2011; 45:1082-8. [PMID: 19602177 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2009.01499.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Synchronization of the donor cell cycle is an important factor for successful animal cloning by nuclear transfer. To improve the efficiency of porcine cloning, in the present report, we evaluated effects of contact inhibition, serum starvation and roscovitine treatment of donor cells on in vitro and in vivo developmental potency of cloned porcine embryos. Fibroblasts derived from a porcine foetus at day 30 of gestation were isolated and cultured to 70% confluency. Then, cells were either cultured to 100% confluency for contact inhibition, or cultured in 0.5% serum for 72 h for serum starvation or with 15 μM roscovitine for 24 h. Cells were most effectively synchronized at G0/G1 in the serum starvation group (87.5%) compared with the contact inhibition and roscovitine treatment groups (76.3% and 79.9% respectively p < 0.05). However, after somatic cell nuclear transfer followed by in vitro culture, the serum starvation group showed a significantly lower blastocyst formation rate (5.6%) compared with the contact inhibition and roscovitine treatment groups (11.6% and 20.0% respectively). Differential expression of apoptosis-related genes and the level of apoptosis in each treatment group explain the variation in developmental competence among the groups. Significantly higher level of apoptosis was observed in the serum starvation group. On the other hand, the roscovitine treatment group shows the lowest level of apoptosis and the best in vitro development among the groups. Cloned embryos derived from roscovitine-treated donor cells were transferred to surrogate pigs. Three healthy live piglets were produced. In conclusion, we suggest that roscovitine treatment of donor cells improves development of cloned porcine embryos and can raise the efficiency of cloned piglet production.
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Affiliation(s)
- H J Park
- Department of Theriogenology and Biotechnology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
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17
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Mizobe Y, Kurino S, Sata Y, Mori H, Yoshida M, Miyoshi K. Stage-specific effects of osmolarity of a culture medium on development of pig oocytes and miniature pig somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos activated by ultrasound treatment. Anim Sci J 2010; 81:453-60. [PMID: 20662814 DOI: 10.1111/j.1740-0929.2010.00758.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Whether high osmolarity of a culture medium at the early culture stage affects the development of pig oocytes and miniature pig somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos activated by ultrasound was examined. When oocytes were cultured in modified porcine zygote medium-3 (mPZM-3) with increased NaCl to 138 mmol/L (mPZM-3+NaCl; 326 mOsm) or 50 mmol/L sucrose (mPZM-3+sucrose; 318 mOsm) for the first 2 days and then cultured in normal mPZM-3 (273 mOsm) for 5 days, the cleavage and blastocyst formation rates were significantly (P < 0.05) higher than those of oocytes cultured in mPZM-3 for 7 days. The cleavage and blastocyst formation rates of SCNT embryos cultured in mPZM-3+NaCl for the first 2 days and then cultured in mPZM-3 for 5 days were also significantly (P < 0.05) higher than those of embryos cultured in mPZM-3 for 7 days. These results showed that the high osmolarity of a culture medium induced by increasing NaCl concentration during the first 2 days improves the development of pig oocytes and miniature pig SCNT embryos activated by ultrasound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yamato Mizobe
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
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18
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Himaki T, Mori H, Mizobe Y, Miyoshi K, Sato M, Takao S, Yoshida M. Latrunculin A dramatically improves the developmental capacity of nuclear transfer embryos derived from gene-modified clawn miniature pig cells. Cell Reprogram 2010; 12:127-31. [PMID: 20677927 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2009.0066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was carried out to examine the effect of postactivation treatment with latrunculin A (LatA), an actin polymerisation inhibitor, on in vitro and in vivo development of somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos derived from gene-modified Clawn miniature pig cells. After the fusion and activation, SCNT embryos were treated with or without a cytoskeletal inhibitor [LatA or 10.4 microM cytochalasin B (CB) for 2 h]. The cleavage rate was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in embryos exposed to 0.5 microM LatA than those in embryos exposed to CB and without a cytoskeletal inhibitor. Moreover, the blastocyst formation rate was significantly higher (p < 0.05) in embryos exposed to 0.5 or 1 microM LatA than those in embryos exposed to CB and without a cytoskeletal inhibitor. In addition, five fetuses were obtained from recipient uteri after transfer of embryos treated with 0.5 muM LatA. The results of this study show for the first time that postactivation treatment with LatA is effective to improve in vitro developmental capacity of gene-modified cloned miniature pig embryos and embryos treated with LatA have the ability to develop into fetuses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takehiro Himaki
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University , Kagoshima, Japan
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19
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Liu HB, Lv PR, He RG, Yang XG, Qin XE, Pan TB, Huang GY, Huang MR, Lu YQ, Lu SS, Li DS, Lu KH. Cloned Guangxi Bama Minipig (Sus scrofa) and Its Offspring Have Normal Reproductive Performance. Cell Reprogram 2010; 12:543-50. [DOI: 10.1089/cell.2009.0094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Bo Liu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Subtropical Bio-Resource Conservation and Utilization, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, People's Republic of China
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Pei-Ru Lv
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Subtropical Bio-Resource Conservation and Utilization, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, People's Republic of China
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruo-Gang He
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Gan Yang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Subtropical Bio-Resource Conservation and Utilization, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, People's Republic of China
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-E Qin
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Subtropical Bio-Resource Conservation and Utilization, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, People's Republic of China
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Tian-Biao Pan
- Guangxi Institute of Animal Husbandry, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Guang-Yun Huang
- Guangxi Institute of Animal Husbandry, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Min-Rui Huang
- Guangxi Institute of Animal Husbandry, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yang-Qing Lu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Subtropical Bio-Resource Conservation and Utilization, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, People's Republic of China
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng-Sheng Lu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Subtropical Bio-Resource Conservation and Utilization, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Sheng Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Embryonic Stem Cell Research. Tai-He Hospital, Yunyang Medical College, Hubei, People's Republic of China
| | - Ke-Huan Lu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Subtropical Bio-Resource Conservation and Utilization, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, 530004, People's Republic of China
- Faculty of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi, People's Republic of China
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20
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HIMAKI T, YOKOMINE TA, SATO M, TAKAO S, MIYOSHI K, YOSHIDA M. Effects of trichostatin A on in vitro development and transgene function in somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos derived from transgenic Clawn miniature pig cells. Anim Sci J 2010; 81:558-63. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1740-0929.2010.00772.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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21
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Yoshimitsu M, Higuchi K, Fan X, Takao S, Medin JA, Tei C, Takenaka T. Sequencing and characterization of the porcine α-galactosidase A gene: towards the generation of a porcine model for Fabry disease. Mol Biol Rep 2010; 38:3145-52. [PMID: 20131008 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-010-9985-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2009] [Accepted: 01/20/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Fabry disease is an inherited lysosomal disorder caused by a deficiency of alpha-galactosidase A (α-gal A). The systemic accumulation of substrate, mainly globotriaosylceramide (Gb3), results in organ failure. Although Gb3 accumulation has been observed in an α-gal A-deficient mouse model, important clinical manifestations were not seen. The pursuit of effective treatment for Fabry disease through gene therapy, for example, has been hampered by the lack of a relevant large animal model to assess the efficacy and safety of novel therapies. Towards assembling the tools to generate an alternative animal model, we have sequenced and characterized the porcine ortholog of the α-gal A gene. When compared to the human α-gal A, the porcine α-gal A showed a high level of homology in the coding regions and located at chromosome Xq22. Cell lysate and supernatants from Fabry patient-derived fibroblasts transduced with a lentiviral vector (LV) carrying the porcine α-gal A cDNA (LV/porcine α-gal A), showed high levels of α-gal A activity and its enzymological stability was similar to that of human α-gal A. Uptake of secreted porcine α-gal A was observed into non-transduced cells and was partially inhibited by soluble mannose-6-phosphate. Furthermore, Gb3 accumulation was reduced in Fabry patient-derived fibroblasts transduced with the LV/porcine α-gal A. In conclusion, we elucidated and characterized the porcine α-gal A gene and enzyme. Similarity in enzymatic profile and chromosomal location between α-gal A of porcine and human origins may be of great advantage for the development of a large animal model for Fabry disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Makoto Yoshimitsu
- Division of Cardiac Repair and Regeneration, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima University, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima 890-8520, Japan
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22
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Miyoshi K, Mori H, Mizobe Y, Akasaka E, Ozawa A, Yoshida M, Sato M. Valproic Acid EnhancesIn VitroDevelopment and Oct-3/4 Expression of Miniature Pig Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer Embryos. Cell Reprogram 2010; 12:67-74. [DOI: 10.1089/cell.2009.0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuchika Miyoshi
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hironori Mori
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yamato Mizobe
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Eri Akasaka
- Section of Gene Expression Regulation, Frontier Science Research Center, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Akio Ozawa
- Section of Gene Expression Regulation, Frontier Science Research Center, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Mitsutoshi Yoshida
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Masahiro Sato
- Section of Gene Expression Regulation, Frontier Science Research Center, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
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23
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Lee SL, Kang EJ, Maeng GH, Kim MJ, Park JK, Kim TS, Hyun SH, Lee ES, Rho GJ. Developmental ability of miniature pig embryos cloned with mesenchymal stem cells. J Reprod Dev 2010; 56:256-62. [PMID: 20103985 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.09-196a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study compared the developmental ability of miniature pig embryos cloned with fetal fibroblasts (FFs), bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and differentiated (osteocytes, adipocytes and chondrocytes) MSCs. MSCs were isolated from an approximately 1-month-old female miniature pig (T-type, PWG Micro-pig((R)), PWG Genetics Korea). MSCs were differentiated into osteocytes, adipocytes and chondrocytes under controlled conditions and characterized by cell surface antigen profile using specific markers. These differentiated or undifferentiated MSCs, as well as FFs of miniature pig, were transferred into enucleated oocytes of domestic pigs. Data from 10 replicates involving 1567 cloned embryos were assessed in terms of developmental rates. The in vitro development rate to the blastocyst stage of embryos cloned with undifferentiated MSCs was significantly (P<0.05) higher than that of embryos cloned with differentiated MSCs and FFs. Surgical transfer of 523 two-cell stage embryos cloned with undifferentiated MSCs into five synchronized domestic pig recipients resulted in 5 cloned miniature pig offspring (1 stillborn and 4 viable) from 2 pregnant recipients. The results imply that MSCs might be multipotent and that they can be used to produce viable cloned miniature pigs that cannot be easily reproduced with differentiated somatic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Lim Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Japan
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24
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MIZOBE Y, YOSHIDA M, MIYOSHI K. Enhancement of Cytoplasmic Maturation of In Vitro-Matured Pig Oocytes by Mechanical Vibration. J Reprod Dev 2010; 56:285-90. [DOI: 10.1262/jrd.09-142a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yamato MIZOBE
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University
| | - Mitsutoshi YOSHIDA
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University
| | - Kazuchika MIYOSHI
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University
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25
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MIYOSHI K, MORI H, MIZOBE Y, HIMAKI T, YOSHIDA M, SATO M. Beneficial Effects of Reversine on In Vitro Development of Miniature Pig Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer Embryos. J Reprod Dev 2010; 56:291-6. [DOI: 10.1262/jrd.09-149a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuchika MIYOSHI
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University
| | - Hironori MORI
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University
| | - Yamato MIZOBE
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University
| | - Takehiro HIMAKI
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University
| | - Mitsutoshi YOSHIDA
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University
| | - Masahiro SATO
- Section of Gene Expression Regulation, Frontier Science Research Center, Kagoshima University
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26
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Zhao J, Ross JW, Hao Y, Spate LD, Walters EM, Samuel MS, Rieke A, Murphy CN, Prather RS. Significant improvement in cloning efficiency of an inbred miniature pig by histone deacetylase inhibitor treatment after somatic cell nuclear transfer. Biol Reprod 2009; 81:525-30. [PMID: 19386991 DOI: 10.1095/biolreprod.109.077016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 187] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The National Institutes of Health (NIH) miniature pig was developed specifically for xenotransplantation and has been extensively used as a large-animal model in many other biomedical experiments. However, the cloning efficiency of this pig is very low (<0.2%), and this has been an obstacle to the promising application of these inbred swine genetics for biomedical research. It has been demonstrated that increased histone acetylation in somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos, by applying a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor such as trichostatin A (TSA), significantly enhances the developmental competence in several species. However, some researchers also reported that TSA treatment had various detrimental effects on the in vitro and in vivo development of the SCNT embryos. Herein, we report that treatment with 500 nM 6-(1,3-dioxo-1H, 3H-benzo[de]isoquinolin-2-yl)-hexanoic acid hydroxyamide (termed scriptaid), a novel HDAC inhibitor, significantly enhanced the development of SCNT embryos to the blastocyst stage when NIH inbred fetal fibroblast cells (FFCs) were used as donors compared with the untreated group (21% vs. 9%, P < 0.05). Scriptaid treatment resulted in eight pregnancies from 10 embryo transfers (ETs) and 14 healthy NIH miniature pigs from eight litters, while no viable piglets (only three mummies) were obtained from nine ETs in the untreated group. Thus, scriptaid dramatically increased the cloning efficiency when using inbred genetics from 0.0% to 1.3%. In contrast, scriptaid treatment decreased the blastocyst rate in in vitro fertilization embryos (from 37% to 26%, P < 0.05). In conclusion, the extremely low cloning efficiency in the NIH miniature pig may be caused by its inbred genetic background and can be improved by alteration of genomic histone acetylation patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianguo Zhao
- National Swine Resource and Research Center, Division of Animal Sciences, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA
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27
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MIYOSHI K, MORI H, MIZOBE Y, AKASAKA E, OZAWA A, YOSHIDA M, SATO M. Development of a Noninvasive Monitoring System for Evaluation of Oct-3/4 Promoter Status in Miniature Pig Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer Embryos. J Reprod Dev 2009; 55:661-9. [DOI: 10.1262/jrd.09-089a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuchika MIYOSHI
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University
| | - Hironori MORI
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University
| | - Yamato MIZOBE
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University
| | - Eri AKASAKA
- Section of Gene Expression Regulation, Frontier Science Research Center, Kagoshima University
| | - Akio OZAWA
- Section of Gene Expression Regulation, Frontier Science Research Center, Kagoshima University
| | - Mitsutoshi YOSHIDA
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University
| | - Masahiro SATO
- Section of Gene Expression Regulation, Frontier Science Research Center, Kagoshima University
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28
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A combined treatment with ethanol and 6-dimethylaminopurine is effective for the activation and further embryonic development of oocytes from Sprague-Dawley and Wistar rats. ZYGOTE 2008; 17:29-36. [PMID: 18925981 DOI: 10.1017/s0967199408004875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
In nuclear-transferred or round spermatid-injected oocytes, artificial activation is required for further development in mammals. Although strontium chloride is widely used as the reagent for inducing oocyte activation in mice, the optimal method for oocyte activation remains controversial in rats because ovulated rat oocytes are spontaneously activated in vitro before artificial activation is applied. In our previous study, we found that cytostatic factor activity, which is indispensable for arrest at the MII stage, is potentially low in rats and that this activity differs greatly between two outbred rats (Slc: Sprague-Dawley (SD) and Crj: Wistar). Therefore, it is necessary to establish an optimal protocol for oocyte activation independent of strains. Given that comparative studies of the in vitro development of oocytes activated by different activation protocols are very limited, we compared four different protocols for oocyte activation (ethanol, ionomycin, strontium and electrical pulses) in two different SD and Wistar rats. Our results show that oocytes derived from SD rats have significantly higher cleavage and blastocyst formation than those from Wistar rats independent of activation regimes. In both types of rat, ethanol treatment provided significantly higher developmental ability at cleavage and blastocyst formation compared to the other activation protocols. However, the initial culture in a fertilization medium (high osmolarity mR1ECM) for 24 h showed a detrimental effect on the further in vitro development of parthenogenetic rat oocytes. Taken together, our results show that ethanol treatment is the optimal protocol for the activation of rat oocytes in SD and Wistar outbred rats. Our data also suggest that high-osmolarity media are inadequate for the in vitro development of parthenogenetically activated oocytes compared with fertilized oocytes.
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29
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Estrada JL, Collins B, York A, Bischoff S, Sommer J, Tsai S, Petters RM, Piedrahita JA. Successful cloning of the Yucatan minipig using commercial/occidental breeds as oocyte donors and embryo recipients. CLONING AND STEM CELLS 2008; 10:287-96. [PMID: 18373474 DOI: 10.1089/clo.2008.0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The widespread application of porcine SCNT to biomedical research is being hampered by the large adult size (300-600 lbs) of the commercial breeds commonly used for SCNT. The Yucatan minipig, in contrast, has an adult weight of 140-150 lbs and a long history of utility in biomedical research. In order to combine the wide availability of commercial swine with the biomedical value of the Yucatan minipig, we utilized SCNT using the Yucatan as nuclear donors and commercial swine as both oocyte donors and recipients. Of six recipient gilts receiving 631 SCNT embryos, three went to term and delivered seven piglets, four of which survived to adulthood. Additionally, we obtained fetal fibroblasts from a cloned Yucatan and used them for a second round of SCNT. Of three recipients receiving 315 reconstructed embryos, one went to term and delivered three piglets, one of which survived to adulthood. Both microsatellite and D-loop sequence analysis confirmed that all of the piglets generated were nuclear-mitochondrial hybrids carrying Yucatan nuclear DNA and commercial breed mitochondrial DNA. This report shows that it is possible to produce viable Yucatan SCNT clones and opens up the possibility of developing valuable biomedical models in this porcine breed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose L Estrada
- Department of Molecular Biomedical Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27606, USA
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30
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Mori H, Mizobe Y, Inoue S, Uenohara A, Takeda M, Yoshida M, Miyoshi K. Effects of cycloheximide on parthenogenetic development of pig oocytes activated by ultrasound treatment. J Reprod Dev 2008; 54:364-9. [PMID: 18635923 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.20064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was carried out to examine the parthenogenetic development of pig oocytes treated with different concentrations of cycloheximide for different durations following activation by ultrasound stimulation. When oocytes were treated with 10 microg/ml cycloheximide for different durations, the blastocyst formation rate of oocytes treated for 5 h was significantly (P<0.05) higher than those of oocytes treated for 0-2 h. The blastocyst formation rate of oocytes treated with 10 microg/ml cycloheximide for 5 h was significantly (P<0.05) higher than those of oocytes treated with 0-5 or 15-20 microg/ml cycloheximide for the same duration. When oocytes were treated with different concentrations of cycloheximide for 2 h, however, the blastocyst formation rate of oocytes treated with 40 microg/ml cycloheximide was significantly (P<0.05) higher than those of oocytes treated with 0-10 or 50 microg/ml cycloheximide. The blastocyst formation rate of oocytes treated with 10 microg/ml cycloheximide for 5 h was not significantly different from that of oocytes treated with 40 microg/ml cycloheximide for 2 h. These treatments did not affect the activation status of oocytes compared with controls that were not treated with cycloheximide. The results of the present study showed that cycloheximide improves the parthenogenetic development of pig oocytes activated by ultrasound stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hironori Mori
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
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31
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Kurome M, Ishikawa T, Tomii R, Ueno S, Shimada A, Yazawa H, Nagashima H. Production of transgenic and non-transgenic clones in miniature pigs by somatic cell nuclear transfer. J Reprod Dev 2008; 54:156-63. [PMID: 18296867 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.19165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Miniature pigs have been recognized as valuable experimental animals in various fields such as medical and pharmaceutical research. However, the amount of information on somatic cell cloning in miniature pigs, as well as genetically modified miniature pigs, is much less than that available for common domestic pigs. The objective of the present study was to establish an efficient technique of cloning miniature pigs by somatic cell nuclear transfer. A high pregnancy rate was achieved following transfer of parthenogenetic (3/3) and cloned (5/6) embryos using female miniature pigs in the early pregnancy period as recipients after estrus synchronization with prostaglandin F2 alpha analog and gonadotrophins. The production efficiency of the cloned miniature pigs using male and female fetal fibroblasts as nucleus donors was 0.9% (2/215 and 3/331, respectively). Cloned miniature pigs were also produced efficiently (7.8%, 5/64) by transferring reconstructed embryos into the uteri of common domestic pigs. When donor cells transfected with the green fluorescent protein (GFP) gene were used in nuclear transfer, the production efficiency of the reconstructed embryos and rate of blastocyst development were comparable to those obtained by non-transfected cells. When transfected cell-derived reconstructed embryos were transferred to three common domestic pig recipients, all became pregnant, and a total of ten transgenic cloned miniature pigs were obtained (piglet production efficiency: 2.7%, 10/365). Hence, we were able to establish a practical system for producing cloned and transgenic-cloned miniature pigs with a syngeneic background.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayuko Kurome
- Laboratory of Developmental Engineering, Department of Life Science, Meiji University, Kawasaki, Japan
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32
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Miyoshi K, Mori H, Yamamoto H, Kishimoto M, Yoshida M. Effects of demecolcine and sucrose on the incidence of cytoplasmic protrusions containing chromosomes in pig oocytes matured in vitro. J Reprod Dev 2008; 54:117-21. [PMID: 18239352 DOI: 10.1262/jrd.19142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was carried out to examine whether demecolcine and sucrose affect the formation of a cytoplasmic protrusion containing chromosomes in pig oocytes independently or in combination. In the presence of 20 mM sucrose, the rates of oocytes with a cytoplasmic protrusion after culture for 60 min with 0.2-1.0 microg/ml demecolcine were significantly higher than those with 0.01-0.05 microg/ml demecolcine. When oocytes were cultured for 15 min in the presence of 0.2 microg/ml demecolcine and 20 mM sucrose, 35.1% of them extruded a cytoplasmic protrusion; this rate was significantly lower than those of oocytes cultured for 30-90 min. In the presence of 0.2 microg/ml demecolcine, significantly fewer oocytes extruded a cytoplasmic protrusion after culture for 30 min with 160 mM sucrose than with 0-80 mM sucrose. Significantly more oocytes extruded a cytoplasmic protrusion after culture for 30 min with 0.2 microg/ml demecolcine than without it, regardless of the presence or absence of 20 mM sucrose. In 88.9-100% of the oocytes, the cytoplasmic protrusions contained chromosomes with no significant differences among the different concentrations of demecolcine and sucrose and among the different treatment times. The results of the present study show that the cytoplasmic protrusion containing chromosomes in the pig oocyte is attributable to demecolcine, but sucrose does not affect its formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazuchika Miyoshi
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.
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33
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MIYOSHI K, FUJIMOTO Y, MORI H, YOSHIDA M. Activation and Parthenogenetic Development of Pig Oocytes Exposed to Ultrasound in Media Containing Different Concentrations of Ca2+. J Reprod Dev 2008; 54:42-5. [DOI: 10.1262/jrd.19034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kazuchika MIYOSHI
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University
| | - Yumi FUJIMOTO
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University
| | - Hironori MORI
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University
| | - Mitsutoshi YOSHIDA
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University
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