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Luo ZB, Yang LH, Han SZ, Chang SY, Liu H, An ZY, Zhang XL, Quan BH, Yin XJ, Kang JD. Cyclophosphamide reduces gene transcriptional activity and embryo in vitro development by inhibiting NF-κB expression through decreasing AcH4K12. Chem Biol Interact 2024; 387:110806. [PMID: 37980972 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2023.110806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
Cyclophosphamide (CTX), a widely used chemotherapeutic agent for cancer treatment, has been associated with long-term toxicity and detrimental effects on oocytes and ovaries, resulting in female reproductive dysfunction. This study aimed to investigate the potential impact of CTX on in vitro maturation (IVM) injury of porcine oocytes and subsequent embryonic development, as well as its effects on epigenetic modification and gene activation during early embryonic development. The results demonstrated that CTX treatment caused aberrant spindle structure and mitochondrial dysfunction during oocyte maturation, inducing DNA damage and early apoptosis, which consequently disrupted meiotic maturation. Indeed, CTX significantly reduced the in vitro developmental capacity of porcine embryos, and induced DNA damage and apoptosis in in vitro fertilization (IVF) blastocysts. Importantly, CTX induced abnormal histone modification of AcH4K12 in early porcine embryos. Moreover, addition of LBH589 before zygotic genome activation (ZGA) effectively increased AcH4K12 levels and restored the protein expression of NF-κB, which can effectively enhance the in vitro developmental potential of IVF embryos. The DNA damage and apoptosis induced by CTX compromised the quality of the blastocysts, which were recovered by supplementation with LBH589. This restoration was accompanied by down-regulation of BAX mRNA expression and up-regulation of BCL2, POU5F1, SOX2 and SOD1 mRNA expression. These findings indicated that CTX caused abnormal histone modification of AcH4K12 in early porcine embryos and reduced the protein expression of NF-κB, a key regulator of early embryo development, which may block subsequent ZGA processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Bo Luo
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China
| | - Liu-Hui Yang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China
| | - Sheng-Zhong Han
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China
| | - Shuang-Yan Chang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China
| | - Hongye Liu
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China
| | - Zhi-Yong An
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China
| | - Xiu-Li Zhang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China
| | - Biao-Hu Quan
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China
| | - Xi-Jun Yin
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China.
| | - Jin-Dan Kang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China.
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Liu Y, Jin ZY, Wang JX, Wang D, Liu H, Li D, Zhu J, Luo ZB, Han SZ, Chang SY, Yang LH, Kang JD, Quan LH. Ginsenoside Rg1 activates brown adipose tissue to counteract obesity in high-fat diet-fed mice by regulating gut microbes and bile acid composition. Food Funct 2023; 14:4696-4705. [PMID: 37186251 DOI: 10.1039/d2fo03142f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is a global health problem strongly linked to gut microbes and their metabolites. In this study, ginsenoside Rg1 (Rg1) reduced lipid droplet size and hepatic lipid accumulation by activating uncoupling protein 1 expression in brown adipose tissue (BAT), which in turn inhibited high-fat diet (HFD)-induced weight gain in mice. Furthermore, the intestinal flora of mice was altered, the abundance of Lachnoclostridium, Streptococcus, Lactococcus, Enterococcus and Erysipelatoclostridium was upregulated, and the concentrations of fecal bile acids were altered, with cholic acid and taurocholic acid concentrations being significantly increased. In addition, the beneficial effects of Rg1 were eliminated in mice treated with a combination of antibiotics. In conclusion, these results suggest that Rg1 activates BAT to counteract obesity by regulating gut microbes and bile acid composition in HFD-fed mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yize Liu
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Zheng-Yun Jin
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Jun-Xia Wang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Danqi Wang
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanji, 133002, China
| | - Hongye Liu
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Dongxu Li
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanji, 133002, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanji, 133002, China
| | - Zhao-Bo Luo
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Sheng-Zhong Han
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Shuang-Yan Chang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Liu-Hui Yang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Jin-Dan Kang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Lin-Hu Quan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
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Luo ZB, Han S, Yin XJ, Liu H, Wang J, Xuan M, Hao C, Wang D, Liu Y, Chang S, Li D, Gao K, Li H, Quan B, Quan LH, Kang JD. Fecal transplant from myostatin deletion pigs positively impacts the gut-muscle axis. eLife 2023; 12:81858. [PMID: 37039469 PMCID: PMC10121221 DOI: 10.7554/elife.81858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The host genome may influence the composition of the intestinal microbiota, and the intestinal microbiota has a significant effect on muscle growth and development. In this study, we found that the deletion of the myostatin (MSTN) gene positively regulates the expression of the intestinal tight junction-related genes TJP1 and OCLN through the myosin light-chain kinase/myosin light chain pathway. The intestinal structure of MSTN-/- pigs differed from wild-type, including by the presence of a thicker muscularis and longer plicae. Together, these changes affect the structure of intestinal microbiota. Mice transplanted with the intestinal microbiota of MSTN-/- pigs had myofibers with larger cross-sectional areas and higher fast-twitch glycolytic muscle mass. Microbes responsible for the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were enriched in both the MSTN-/- pigs and recipient mice, and SCFAs levels were elevated in the colon contents. We also demonstrated that valeric acid stimulates type IIb myofiber growth by activating the Akt/mTOR pathway via G protein-coupled receptor 43 and ameliorates dexamethasone-induced muscle atrophy. This is the first study to identify the MSTN gene-gut microbiota-SCFA axis and its regulatory role in fast-twitch glycolytic muscle growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Bo Luo
- Department of Animal Science, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Shengzhong Han
- Department of Animal Science, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Xi-Jun Yin
- Department of Animal Science, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Hongye Liu
- Department of Animal Science, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Junxia Wang
- Department of Animal Science, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Meifu Xuan
- Department of Animal Science, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Chunyun Hao
- College of Integration Science, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Danqi Wang
- College of Integration Science, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Yize Liu
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Shuangyan Chang
- Department of Animal Science, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Dongxu Li
- College of Integration Science, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Kai Gao
- Department of Animal Science, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Huiling Li
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Biaohu Quan
- Department of Animal Science, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Lin-Hu Quan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Jin-Dan Kang
- Department of Animal Science, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
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Liu H, An ZY, Li ZY, Yang LH, Zhang XL, Lv YT, Yin XJ, Quan LH, Kang JD. The ginsenoside Rh2 protects porcine oocytes against aging and oxidative stress by regulating SIRT1 expression and mitochondrial activity. Theriogenology 2023; 200:125-135. [PMID: 36805249 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2023.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
Post-ovulatory aging, a major problem faced by oocytes cultured in vitro, causes oxidative damage and mitochondrial dysfunction in oocytes. The ginsenoside Rh2 is one of the main monomeric components of ginseng, but its effects on porcine oocytes are unknown. In the present study, in vitro aging (IVA) and accelerated induction of aging using H2O2 resulted in DNA damage and an increased incidence of abnormal spindle formation in porcine oocytes. Rh2 supplementation increased the antioxidant capacity, reduced the occurrence of early apoptosis, and improved the development of in vitro fertilized blastocysts. It also rescued the abnormal aggregation of mitochondria and the decrease of the mitochondrial membrane potential under mitochondrial dysfunction. Meanwhile, Rh2 enhanced mRNA expression of the anti-aging and mitochondrial biogenesis-related genes silent information regulator of transcription 1 (SIRT1) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor coactivator 1-α (PGC-1α), and the antioxidant gene superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1). The protection of porcine oocytes against aging and oxidative stress by Rh2 was confirmed using the SIRT1-specific inhibitor EX-527. Our results reveal that Rh2 upregulates SIRT1/PGC-1α to enhance mitochondrial function in porcine oocytes and improve their quality. Our study indicates that Rh2 can be used to prevent mitochondrial dysfunction in oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongye Liu
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Zhi-Yong An
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Zhou-Yan Li
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Liu-Hui Yang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Xiu-Li Zhang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Yan-Tong Lv
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Xi-Jun Yin
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Lin-Hu Quan
- College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Jin-Dan Kang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanji, 133002, China.
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5
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Liu H, Yan C, Hao C, Wang D, Liu Y, Luo ZB, Han SZ, Wang JX, Li D, Zhu J, Chang SY, Yang LH, Lin X, Yan C, Kang JD, Quan LH. Dynamic changes in intestinal microbiota and metabolite composition of pre-weaned beef calves. Microb Pathog 2023; 175:105991. [PMID: 36649780 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.105991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 01/09/2023] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Gut microbes and their metabolites are essential for maintaining host health and production. The intestinal microflora of pre-weaned calves gradually tends to mature with growth and development and has high plasticity, but few studies have explored the dynamic changes of intestinal microbiota and metabolites in pre-weaned beef calves. In this study, we tracked the dynamics of faecal microbiota in 13 new-born calves by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and analysed changes in faecal amino acid levels using metabolomics. Calves were divided into the relatively high average daily gain group (HA) and the relatively low average daily gain group (LA) for comparison. The results demonstrated that the alpha diversity of the faecal microbiota increased with calf growth and development. The abundance of Porphyromonadaceae bacterium DJF B175 increased in the HA group, while that of Lactobacillus reuteri decreased. The results of the LEfSe analysis showed that the microbiota of faeces of HA calves at eight weeks of age was enriched with P. bacterium DJF B175, while Escherichia coli and L. reuteri were enriched in the microbiota of faeces of LA calves. Besides, the total amino acid concentration decreased significantly in the eighth week compared with that in the first week (P < 0.05). Overall, even under the same management conditions, microorganisms and their metabolites interact to play different dynamic regulatory roles. Our results provide new insights into changes in the gut microbiota and metabolites of pre-weaned calves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongye Liu
- Engineering Research Center of North-East Cold Region Beef Cattle Science & Technology Innovation, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China; Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Chunri Yan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Medical College, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Chunyun Hao
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Danqi Wang
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Yize Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Zhao-Bo Luo
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Sheng-Zhong Han
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Jun-Xia Wang
- Engineering Research Center of North-East Cold Region Beef Cattle Science & Technology Innovation, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China; Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Dongxu Li
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Jun Zhu
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Shuang-Yan Chang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Liu-Hui Yang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Xuemei Lin
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Changguo Yan
- Engineering Research Center of North-East Cold Region Beef Cattle Science & Technology Innovation, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China; Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Jin-Dan Kang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
| | - Lin-Hu Quan
- Engineering Research Center of North-East Cold Region Beef Cattle Science & Technology Innovation, Ministry of Education, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China; College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China.
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Wang D, Wang JX, Yan C, Liu Y, Liu H, Li D, Zhu J, Luo ZB, Han SZ, Jin ZY, Chang SY, Yang LH, Kang JD, Quan LH. Gastrodia elata Blume extract improves high-fat diet-induced type 2 diabetes by regulating gut microbiota and bile acid profile. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:1091712. [PMID: 36532435 PMCID: PMC9756436 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1091712] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 03/24/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, we aimed to characterize the anti-type 2 diabetes (T2D) effects of Gastrodia elata Blume extract (GEBE) and determine whether these are mediated through modification of the gut microbiota and bile acids. Mice were fed a high-fat diet (HFD), with or without GEBE, and we found that GEBE significantly ameliorated the HFD-induced hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and inflammation by upregulating glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4) and inhibiting the toll-like receptor 4-nuclear factor kappa-B signaling pathway in white adipose tissue (WAT). In addition, we found that GEBE increased the abundance of Faecalibaculum and Lactobacillus, and altered the serum bile acid concentrations, with a significant increase in deoxycholic acid. The administration of combined antibiotics to mice to eliminate their intestinal microbiota caused a loss of the protective effects of GEBE. Taken together, these findings suggest that GEBE ameliorates T2D by increasing GLUT4 expression in WAT, remodeling the gut microbiota, and modifying serum bile acid concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danqi Wang
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University and Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Jun-Xia Wang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Chunri Yan
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Medical College, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Yize Liu
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University and Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Hongye Liu
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Dongxu Li
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University and Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Jun Zhu
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University and Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Zhao-Bo Luo
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Sheng-Zhong Han
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Zheng-Yun Jin
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Shuang-Yan Chang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Liu-Hui Yang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Jin-Dan Kang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Lin-Hu Quan
- Interdisciplinary Program of Biological Functional Molecules, College of Integration Science, Yanbian University and Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
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Choe HM, Gao K, Paek HJ, Luo ZB, Han SZ, Li ZY, Xuan MF, Quan BH, Kang JD, Yin XJ. Effect of myostatin gene mutation on erythrocyte osmotic fragility, hematological parameters and fatty acid composition of serum and erythrocyte membranes in piglets. Res Vet Sci 2022; 152:663-669. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2022.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Han SZ, Gao K, Chang SY, Choe HM, Paek HJ, Quan BH, Liu XY, Yang LH, Lv ST, Yin XJ, Quan LH, Kang JD. miR-455-3p Is Negatively Regulated by Myostatin in Skeletal Muscle and Promotes Myoblast Differentiation. J Agric Food Chem 2022; 70:10121-10133. [PMID: 35960196 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c02474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Myostatin (MSTN) is a growth and differentiation factor that regulates proliferation and differentiation of myoblasts, which in turn controls skeletal muscle growth. It may regulate myoblast differentiation by influencing miRNA expression, and the present study aimed to clarify its precise mechanism of action. Here, we found that MSTN-/- pigs showed an overgrowth of skeletal muscle and upregulated miR-455-3p level. Intervention of MSTN expression using siMSTN in C2C12 myoblasts also showed that siMSTN significantly increased the expression of miR-455-3p. It was found that miR-455-3p directly targeted the 3'-untranslated region of Smad2 by dual-luciferase assay. qRT-PCR, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence analyses indicated that miR-455-3p overexpression or Smad2 silencing in C2C12 myoblasts significantly promoted myoblast differentiation. Furthermore, siMSTN significantly increased the expression of GATA3. The levels of miR-455-3p were considerably reduced in C2C12 myoblasts following GATA3 knockdown. Consistently, GATA3 knockdown also reduced the enhanced miR-455-3p expression caused by siMSTN. Finally, we illustrated that GATA3 has a role in myoblast differentiation regulation. Taken together, we identified the expression profiles of miRNAs in MSTN-/- pigs and found that miR-455-3p positively regulates myoblast differentiation. In addition, we revealed that MSTN acts through the GATA3/miR-455-3p/Smad2 cascade to regulate muscle development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Zhong Han
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
| | - Kai Gao
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
| | - Shuang-Yan Chang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
| | - Hak-Myong Choe
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
| | - Hyo-Jin Paek
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
| | - Biao-Hu Quan
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
| | - Xin-Yue Liu
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
| | - Liu-Hui Yang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
| | - Si-Tong Lv
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
| | - Xi-Jun Yin
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
| | - Lin-Hu Quan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
| | - Jin-Dan Kang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, China
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9
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Chang SY, Han SZ, Choe HM, Gao K, Jin ZY, Liu XY, Yang LH, Lv ST, Yin XJ, Quan LH, Kang JD. miR-320 regulates myogenesis by targeting growth factor receptor-bound protein-2 and ameliorates myotubes atrophy. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2022; 147:106212. [PMID: 35439649 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2022.106212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Loss of muscle mass can lead to diseases such as sarcopenia, diabetes, and obesity, which can worsen the quality of life and increase the incidence of disease. Therefore, understanding the mechanism underlying skeletal muscle differentiation is vital to prevent muscle diseases. We previously found that microRNA-320 (miR-320) is highly expressed in the lean muscle-type pigs, but its regulatory role in myogenesis remains unclear. The bioinformatics prediction indicated that miR-320 could bind to the 3 'untranslated region of growth factor receptor-bound protein-2 (Grb2). We hypothesized that miR-320 targets Grb2 to regulate myoblasts differentiation. To verify this, we transfected miR-320 mimic and inhibitor into C2C12 myoblasts to assess the role of miR-320 during myoblasts differentiation. We used real-time qPCR, luciferase reporter assays, and western blotting to confirm that miR-320 directly targets Grb2 to promote myoblasts differentiation. Moreover, by using a dexamethasone-induced atrophic model of myotubes, we discovered that miR-320 promotes the repair of damaged myotubes. Our findings expand understanding of miRNAs and genes related to regulating skeletal muscle differentiation, and provide insight into underlying therapeutic strategies for muscle diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang-Yan Chang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Sheng-Zhong Han
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Hak-Myong Choe
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Kai Gao
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Zheng-Yun Jin
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Xin-Yue Liu
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Liu-Hui Yang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Si-Tong Lv
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Xi-Jun Yin
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Lin-Hu Quan
- Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines of the Changbai Mountain, Ministry of Education, College of Pharmacy, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China.
| | - Jin-Dan Kang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agricultural, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China; Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China.
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10
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Choe HM, Quan BH, Paek HJ, Luo ZB, Gao K, Han SZ, Li ZY, Kang JD, Yin XJ. Altered fibrinogen level and fibrin clot structure in myostatin homozygous mutant pig. Anim Genet 2022; 53:307-316. [PMID: 35285059 DOI: 10.1111/age.13187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with increased serum fibrinogen level. Myostatin (MSTN), a strong inhibitor of skeletal muscle growth, is recognized as a potential target for obesity. However, the effect of MSTN inhibition on fibrinogen is not largely known. The objective of the present study was to explore fibrinogen levels after MSTN inhibition. Fibrinogen levels and the fibrin clot structure of MSTN homozygous knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) pigs (n = 4 in each group) were investigated. The protein expression of fibrinogen in the serum and liver of KO pigs decreased greatly (1.6-fold loss for serum and 2.5-fold loss for liver). KO pigs showed significantly decreased gene expression of fibrinogen chains: FGA (fibrinogen-α; 11-fold), FGB (fibrinogen-β; 8-fold) and FGG (fibrinogen-γ; 7.4-fold). The basal transcriptional regulators of fibrinogen, HNF1 (hepatocyte nuclear factor 1) and CEBP-α (CCAAT/Enhancing-binding protein-alpha) were remarkably down-regulated after interruption of MSTN expression by siRNA (small interfering RNA) in cultured hepatocytes (about 2- and 4-fold, respectively). Compared with WT pigs, KO pigs displayed altered fibrin clot structure with thinner fibers, decreased turbidity and increased permeability. The findings indicate that the inhibition of MSTN could affect fibrinogen levels and the fibrin clot structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hak Myong Choe
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China
| | - Biao-Hu Quan
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China
| | - Hyo-Jin Paek
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China
| | - Zhao-Bo Luo
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China
| | - Kai Gao
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China
| | - Sheng-Zhong Han
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China
| | - Zhou-Yan Li
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China
| | - Jin-Dan Kang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China
| | - Xi-Jun Yin
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China
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11
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Abstract
Cytidine monophosphate-Nacetylneuraminic acid (Neu5Ac) hydroxylase (CMAH) and glycoprotein, alpha1, 3-galactosyltransferase (GGTA1) double knockout (DKO) pig models were produced to reduce immune reaction for xenotransplantation. However, the role of Neu5Gc and α-Gal in pigs has not been fully elucidated and it is necessary to consider the after-effect of inactivation of GGTA1 and CMAH in pigs. Hematological profiles of DKO pigs were analyzed through complete blood count (CBC). Histology of liver and spleen of DKO were investigated, and lectin blotting and mass spectrometry (MS) were performed to explore glycosylation changes in red blood cell (RBC) membranes of DKO pigs. DKO pigs showed common clinical signs such as weakness (100%), dyspnea (90%) and constipation (65%). DKO pigs revealed a significant decrease in RBC, hemoglobin (HGB) and hematocrit (HGB), and an increase in white blood cell (WBC), lymphocyte (LYM), monocyte (MON), and erythrocyte mean corpuscular volume (MCV). DKO piglets showed swollen liver and spleen, and exhibited raised deposition of hemosiderin and severe bleeding. Lectin assay and MS proved variations in glycosylation on RBC membranes. GGTA1/CMAH DKO pigs developed pathological features which are similar to anemic symptoms, and the variations in glycosylation on RBC membranes of DKO pigs may be attributed to the pathologies observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hak Myong Choe
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Zhao-Bo Luo
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Jin-Dan Kang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Myung Jin Oh
- Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Hyun Joo An
- Graduate School of Analytical Science and Technology, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Xi-Jun Yin
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
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12
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Paek HJ, Luo ZB, Choe HM, Quan BH, Gao K, Han SZ, Li ZY, Kang JD, Yin XJ. Association of myostatin deficiency with collagen related disease-umbilical hernia and tippy toe standing in pigs. Transgenic Res 2021; 30:663-674. [PMID: 34304368 DOI: 10.1007/s11248-021-00275-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we investigate the high incidence of umbilical hernia and tippy-toe standing and their underlying changes in gene expression and proliferation in myostatin knockout (MSTN-/-) pigs. Thirty-six male MSTN-/- pigs were generated by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). These pigs presented a considerably high incidence of tippy-toe standing and umbilical hernia (69.4% and 61.1%, respectively). The tendon to body weight ratio was significantly lower than wild-type pigs (0.202 ± 0.017 vs 0.250 ± 0.004, respectively). The crimp length of the MSTN-/- tendon was significantly longer than that of wild-type pigs. The expression of MSTN and the activin type IIB (ACVR2B) was detected in the tendon and linea alba of MSTN-/- pigs. MSTN treatment significantly increased the phosphorylation of Smad2/3 in both tendon and linea alba fibroblasts. Type I collagen (Col1A) and Scleraxis (Scx) expression levels in the tendon and linea alba of MSTN-/- pigs were significantly lower than those in wild-type in vivo, whereas and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1 (p21) expression levels were higher. Treatment of tendon and linea alba fibroblasts with recombinant MSTN increased Col1A and Scx and decreased p21 expression in vivo. Moreover, there was a significant increase in fibroblast proliferation after treatment. The results indicated that MSTN regulates collagen expression and proliferation in tendon and linea alba fibroblasts; thus, MSTN deficiency causes collagen-related pathological features in MSTN-/- pigs. Hence, MSTN could be used as a therapeutic target for treating UH and tendon abnormalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyo-Jin Paek
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China
| | - Zhao-Bo Luo
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China
| | - Hak-Myong Choe
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China
| | - Biao-Hu Quan
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China
| | - Kai Gao
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China
| | - Sheng-Zhong Han
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China
| | - Zhou-Yan Li
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China
| | - Jin-Dan Kang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China
| | - Xi-Jun Yin
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, 133002, Jilin, China.
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13
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Luo ZB, Xuan MF, Han SZ, Li ZY, Khan N, Quan BH, Yin XJ, Kang JD. Ginsenoside Rb1 protects porcine oocytes against methylglyoxal damage thus it improves the quality of parthenogenetic activation and in vitro fertilization embryos. Environ Toxicol 2021; 36:586-597. [PMID: 33236476 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Panax ginseng, a functional food, has been widely used as an edible nourishment and medicinal supplement. Ginsenoside Rb1 is a major bioactive ingredient of ginseng, which shows very specific anti-apoptosis and anti-oxidant activities. Methylglyoxal (MGO) is one of intermediate products of glucose metabolism, which is absorbed easily from high sugar foods or carbonated beverages. It may involve in a variety of detrimental processes in vivo. However, it has not been fully explored the effects of ginsenoside Rb1 on MGO-induced oocytes damage. This study found that MGO-induced DNA damage and mitochondrial dysfunction result in the failure of porcine oocytes maturation and low in vitro development capacity of parthenogenetic activation (PA) and in vitro fertilization (IVF) embryos. Conversely, Rb1 supplementation recovered the rate of maturation, and improved in vitro development capacity of PA and IVF embryos. Rb1 also provided porcine oocytes a lower level of reactive oxygen species production, higher level of ATP content and mitochondrial membrane potential, and stimulated pluripotency gene expression in blastocysts. The findings of this study reveal ginsenoside Rb1 protects porcine oocyte from the cytotoxicity effects of methylglyoxal and provides novel perspectives for the protection of reproduction system by functional food of ginseng.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Bo Luo
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Jilin, China
| | - Mei-Fu Xuan
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Jilin, China
| | - Sheng-Zhong Han
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Jilin, China
| | - Zhou-Yan Li
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Jilin, China
| | - Nasar Khan
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Jilin, China
| | - Biao-Hu Quan
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Jilin, China
| | - Xi-Jun Yin
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Jilin, China
| | - Jin-Dan Kang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Jilin, China
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14
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Xuan MF, Luo ZB, Wang JX, Guo Q, Han SZ, Jin SS, Kang JD, Yin XJ. Shift from slow- to fast-twitch muscle fibres in skeletal muscle of newborn heterozygous and homozygous myostatin-knockout piglets. Reprod Fertil Dev 2020; 31:1628-1636. [PMID: 31104696 DOI: 10.1071/rd19103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Myostatin (MSTN) is a member of the transforming growth factor-β superfamily that negatively regulates skeletal muscle development. A lack of MSTN induces muscle hypertrophy and increases formation of fast-twitch (Type II) muscle fibres. This study investigated muscle development in newborn heterozygous (MSTN+/-) and homozygous (MSTN-/-) MSTN-knockout piglets. Detailed morphological and gene and protein expression analyses were performed of the biceps femoris, semitendinosus and diaphragm of MSTN+/-, MSTN-/- and wild-type (WT) piglets. Haematoxylin-eosin staining revealed that the cross-sectional area of muscle fibres was significantly larger in MSTN-knockout than WT piglets. ATPase staining demonstrated that the percentage of Type IIb and IIa muscle fibres was significantly higher in MSTN-/- and MSTN+/- piglets respectively than in WT piglets. Western blotting showed that protein expression of myosin heavy chain-I was reduced in muscles of MSTN-knockout piglets. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction revealed that, compared with WT piglets, myogenic differentiation factor (MyoD) mRNA expression in muscles was 1.3- to 2-fold higher in MSTN+/- piglets and 1.8- to 3.5-fold higher MSTN-/- piglets (P<0.05 and P<0.01 respectively). However, expression of myocyte enhancer factor 2C (MEF2C) mRNA in muscles was significantly lower in MSTN+/- than WT piglets (P<0.05). MSTN plays an important role in skeletal muscle development and regulates muscle fibre type by modulating the gene expression of MyoD and MEF2C in newborn piglets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Fu Xuan
- Department of Animal Science, Agricultural College, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133002, China; and Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133002, China
| | - Zhao-Bo Luo
- Department of Animal Science, Agricultural College, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133002, China; and Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133002, China
| | - Jun-Xia Wang
- Department of Animal Science, Agricultural College, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133002, China; and Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133002, China
| | - Qing Guo
- Department of Animal Science, Agricultural College, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133002, China; and Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133002, China
| | - Sheng-Zhong Han
- Department of Animal Science, Agricultural College, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133002, China; and Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133002, China
| | - Song-Shan Jin
- Department of Animal Science, Agricultural College, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133002, China; and Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133002, China
| | - Jin-Dan Kang
- Department of Animal Science, Agricultural College, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133002, China; and Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133002, China; and Corresponding authors. Emails: ;
| | - Xi-Jun Yin
- Department of Animal Science, Agricultural College, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133002, China; and Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin 133002, China; and Corresponding authors. Emails: ;
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15
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Luo ZB, Rahman SU, Xuan MF, Han SZ, Li ZY, Yin XJ, Kang JD. The protective role of ginsenoside compound K in porcine oocyte meiotic maturation failed caused by benzo(a)pyrene during in vitro maturation. Theriogenology 2020; 157:96-109. [PMID: 32810794 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2020.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) is a pollutant and carcinogen derived from air pollution. It causes serious damage to reproductive system, especially ovary. Ginseng is always used in food and traditional medicine as a nutraceuticals or herbal medicine. Ginsenoside compound K (CK) is a major bioactive ingredient of ginseng, that shows very specific anti-apoptosis, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory activities and thus, it protects cells from damage. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of CK on the BaP-induced inhibition of the in vitro maturation of porcine oocytes and their subsequent embryonic development capacity. We found that supplementation with 10 μg mL-1 CK during in vitro maturation significantly increased maturation rate (P < 0.05) and the expression level of related genes after damage induced by 40 μM BaP treatment. In addition, reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels significantly decreased and ATP content and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP) increased after CK supplementation (P < 0.05). The competence for embryonic development was improved by the induction of pluripotency gene expression and the inhibition of apoptosis after CK supplementation of BaP-treated oocytes. Supplementation with 10 μg mL-1 CK improved porcine oocyte maturation and subsequent embryonic development of parthenogenetic activation (33.01 vs. 20.92, P < 0.05) and in vitro fertilization (24.01 vs. 16.52, P < 0.05) by increasing antioxidant activity and improving mitochondrial function after BaP-induced damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Bo Luo
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China
| | - Saeed Ur Rahman
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China
| | - Mei-Fu Xuan
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China
| | - Sheng-Zhong Han
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China
| | - Zhou-Yan Li
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China
| | - Xi-Jun Yin
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China.
| | - Jin-Dan Kang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, 133002, China.
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16
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Guo Q, Xuan MF, Luo ZB, Wang JX, Han SZ, Ri MH, Choe YG, Hwang KM, Yin XJ, Kang JD. Baicalin improves the in vitro developmental capacity of pig embryos by inhibiting apoptosis, regulating mitochondrial activity and activating sonic hedgehog signaling. Mol Hum Reprod 2020; 25:538-549. [PMID: 31553448 DOI: 10.1093/molehr/gaz036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Baicalin, a traditional Chinese medicinal monomer whose chemical structure is known, can be used to treat female infertility. However, the effect of baicalin on embryonic development is unknown. This study investigated the effects of baicalin on in vitro development of parthenogenetically activated (PA) and in vitro fertilized (IVF) pig embryos and the underlying mechanisms involved. Treatment with 0.1 μg/ml baicalin significantly improved (P < 0.05) the in vitro developmental capacity of PA pig embryos by reducing the reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and apoptosis and increasing the mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) and ATP level. mRNA and protein expression of sonic hedgehog (SHH) and GLI1, which are related to the SHH signaling pathway, in PA pig embryos at the 2-cell stage, were significantly higher in the baicalin-treated group than in the control group. To confirm that the SHH signaling pathway is involved in the mechanism by which baicalin improves embryonic development, we treated embryos with baicalin in the absence or presence of cyclopamine (Cy), an inhibitor of this pathway. Cy abolished the effects of baicalin on in vitro embryonic development. In conclusion, baicalin improves the in vitro developmental capacity of PA and IVF pig embryos by inhibiting ROS production and apoptosis, regulating mitochondrial activity and activating SHH signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Guo
- Department of Animal Science, Agricultural College, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Mei-Fu Xuan
- Department of Animal Science, Agricultural College, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Zhao-Bo Luo
- Department of Animal Science, Agricultural College, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Jun-Xia Wang
- Department of Animal Science, Agricultural College, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Sheng-Zhong Han
- Department of Animal Science, Agricultural College, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Myong-Hak Ri
- Department of Animal Science, Agricultural College, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Yong-Gyu Choe
- Department of Animal Science, Agricultural College, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Kyung-Min Hwang
- Department of Animal Science, Agricultural College, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Xi-Jun Yin
- Department of Animal Science, Agricultural College, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Jin-Dan Kang
- Department of Animal Science, Agricultural College, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
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17
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Guo Q, Xuan MF, Luo ZB, Wang JX, Jin SS, Yin XJ, Kang JD. Baicalin improves IVM of pig oocytes and subsequent preimplantation embryo development by inhibiting apoptosis. Reprod Fertil Dev 2020; 31:983-992. [PMID: 30819322 DOI: 10.1071/rd18333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Baicalin, a monomer of flavonoids extracted from dried roots of Scutellaria baicalensis, is used to treat female infertility. However, the effect of baicalin on oocyte maturation is unknown. In this study we investigated the effects of baicalin on the IVM of pig oocytes and subsequent embryo development following parthenogenetic activation (PA). We found that 0.1µgmL-1 baicalin significantly (P<0.05) increased the IVM rate of oocytes compared with the non-treatment (control) group by reducing levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS). In addition, the mRNA expression of genes related to nuclear maturation and cumulus cell expansion, mitochondrial membrane potential and ATP content was significantly (P<0.05) higher in baicalin-treated than control oocytes. To determine whether baicalin treatment during IVM of pig oocytes improves subsequent development of PA embryos, we measured the cleavage and blastocyst formation rates, as well as the number of cells per blastocyst. All these parameters were significantly (P<0.05) higher in the baicalin-treated than control group. In conclusion, this study demonstrates that baicalin improves pig oocyte maturation and subsequent embryo development invitro by inhibiting production of ROS and reducing apoptosis in oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Guo
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, No. 977 Gongyuan Street, Yanji, Jilin 133002, China
| | - Mei-Fu Xuan
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, No. 977 Gongyuan Street, Yanji, Jilin 133002, China
| | - Zhao-Bo Luo
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, No. 977 Gongyuan Street, Yanji, Jilin 133002, China
| | - Jun-Xia Wang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, No. 977 Gongyuan Street, Yanji, Jilin 133002, China
| | - Song-Shan Jin
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, No. 977 Gongyuan Street, Yanji, Jilin 133002, China
| | - Xi-Jun Yin
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, No. 977 Gongyuan Street, Yanji, Jilin 133002, China; and Corresponding authors. Emails: ;
| | - Jin-Dan Kang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, No. 977 Gongyuan Street, Yanji, Jilin 133002, China; and Corresponding authors. Emails: ;
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18
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Luo ZB, Luo QR, Xuan MF, Han SZ, Wang JX, Guo Q, Choe YG, Jin SS, Kang JD, Yin XJ. Comparison of internal organs between myostatin mutant and wild-type piglets. J Sci Food Agric 2019; 99:6788-6795. [PMID: 31368537 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myostatin (MSTN) negatively regulates skeletal muscle development; however, its functions in internal organs have not been thoroughly investigated. Here, we compared the morphological, molecular, and biological characteristics of the heart, liver, spleen, lungs, kidneys, and tongue of homozygous MSTN mutant (MSTN-/- ), heterozygous MSTN mutant (MSTN+/- ), and wild-type (WT) piglets. RESULTS The heart and liver were lighter in MSTN-/- piglets than in MSTN+/- piglets, while the tongue was heavier in MSTN-/- piglets than in WT piglets (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the tongue was longer in MSTN-/- piglets than in WT piglets, and myofibers of the tongue were significantly larger in the former piglets than in the latter ones (P < 0.01). mRNA expression of MSTN in all organs was significantly lower in MSTN-/- and MSTN+/- piglets than in WT piglets (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, mRNA expression of follistatin, which is closely related to MSTN, in the heart and liver was significantly higher in MSTN-/- piglets than in MSTN+/- and WT piglets (P < 0.05). In addition, protein expression of MSTN in the heart, kidneys, and tongue was significantly lower in MSTN-/- piglets than in WT piglets (P < 0.01). CONCLUSION These results suggest that MSTN is widely expressed and has marked effects in multiple internal organs. Myostatin has crucial functions in regulating internal organ size, especially the tongue. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao-Bo Luo
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Qi-Rong Luo
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Mei-Fu Xuan
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Sheng-Zhong Han
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Jun-Xia Wang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Qing Guo
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Yong-Gyu Choe
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Song-Shan Jin
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Jin-Dan Kang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Xi-Jun Yin
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
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19
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Gao QS, Xuan MF, Luo ZB, Paek HJ, Kang JD, Yin XJ. Hairless-knockout piglets generated using the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat/CRISPR-associated-9 exhibit abnormalities in the skin and thymus. Exp Anim 2019; 68:519-529. [PMID: 31308290 PMCID: PMC6842791 DOI: 10.1538/expanim.19-0018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear receptor corepressor Hairless (HR) interacts with nuclear receptors and
controls expression of specific target genes involved in hair morphogenesis and hair
follicle cycling. Patients with HR gene mutations exhibit atrichia, and
in rare cases, immunodeficiency. Pigs with HR gene mutations may provide
a useful model for developing therapeutic strategies because pigs are highly similar to
humans in terms of anatomy, genetics, and physiology. The present study aimed to knockout
the HR gene in pigs using the clustered regularly interspaced short
palindromic repeat (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated-9 (Cas9) system and to investigate the
molecular and structural alterations in the skin and thymus. We introduced a biallelic
mutation into the HR gene in porcine fetal fibroblasts and generated nine
piglets via somatic cell nuclear transfer. These piglets exhibited a lack of hair on the
eyelids, abnormalities in the thymus and peripheral blood, and altered expression of
several signaling factors regulated by HR. Our results indicate that introduction of the
biallelic mutation successfully knocked out the HR gene, resulting in
several molecular and structural changes in the skin and thymus. These pigs will provide a
useful model for studying human hair disorders associated with HR gene
mutations and the underlying molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Shan Gao
- Department of Animal Science, Agricultural College, Yanbian University, No. 977 Gongyuan Street, Yanji City, Jilin 133002, P.R. China
| | - Mei-Fu Xuan
- Department of Animal Science, Agricultural College, Yanbian University, No. 977 Gongyuan Street, Yanji City, Jilin 133002, P.R. China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, No. 977 Gongyuan Street, Yanji City, Jilin 133002, P.R. China
| | - Zhao-Bo Luo
- Department of Animal Science, Agricultural College, Yanbian University, No. 977 Gongyuan Street, Yanji City, Jilin 133002, P.R. China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, No. 977 Gongyuan Street, Yanji City, Jilin 133002, P.R. China
| | - Hyo-Jin Paek
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, No. 977 Gongyuan Street, Yanji City, Jilin 133002, P.R. China
| | - Jin-Dan Kang
- Department of Animal Science, Agricultural College, Yanbian University, No. 977 Gongyuan Street, Yanji City, Jilin 133002, P.R. China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, No. 977 Gongyuan Street, Yanji City, Jilin 133002, P.R. China
| | - Xi-Jun Yin
- Department of Animal Science, Agricultural College, Yanbian University, No. 977 Gongyuan Street, Yanji City, Jilin 133002, P.R. China.,Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, No. 977 Gongyuan Street, Yanji City, Jilin 133002, P.R. China
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20
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Li S, Guo Q, Wang YM, Li ZY, Kang JD, Yin XJ, Zheng X. Glycine treatment enhances developmental potential of porcine oocytes and early embryos by inhibiting apoptosis. J Anim Sci 2018; 96:2427-2437. [PMID: 29762687 PMCID: PMC6095358 DOI: 10.1093/jas/sky154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycine, a component of glutathione (GSH), plays an important role in protection from reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inhibition of apoptosis. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of glycine on in vitro maturation (IVM) of porcine oocytes and their developmental competence after parthenogenetic activation (PA). We examined nuclear maturation, ROS levels, apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm), and ATP concentration, as well as the expression of several genes related to oocyte maturation and development. Our studies found that treatment with glycine in IVM culture medium increased nuclear maturation rate, but varying the concentrations of glycine (0.6, 6, or 12 mM) had no significant effect. Furthermore, 6 mM glycine supported greater blastocyst formation rates and lesser apoptosis after PA than the other concentrations (P < 0.05). All the glycine treatment groups had decreased levels of ROS in both matured oocytes and at the 2-cell stage (P < 0.05). At the 2-cell stage, the 6 mM glycine group had ROS levels that were lesser than the other 2 glycine treatment groups (0.6 and 12 mM). From this, we deemed 6 mM to be the optimal condition, and we then investigated the effects of 6 mM glycine on gene expression. The expression of both FGFR2 and Hsf1 were greater than the control group in mature oocytes. The glycine treatment group had greater levels of expression of an antiapoptotic gene (Bcl2) in mature oocytes and cumulus cells and lesser levels of expression of a proapoptotic gene (Bax) in PA blastocysts (P < 0.05). In addition, mitochondrial ΔΨm and ATP concentration were increased in 6 mM glycine group compared with the control group. In conclusion, our results suggest that glycine plays an important role in oocyte maturation and later development by reducing ROS levels and increasing mitochondrial function to reduce apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suo Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Qing Guo
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Yu-Meng Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Zi-Yue Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
| | - Jin-Dan Kang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Xi-Jun Yin
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Xin Zheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, China
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21
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Jin L, Guo Q, Zhang GL, Xing XX, Xuan MF, Luo QR, Luo ZB, Wang JX, Yin XJ, Kang JD. The Histone Deacetylase Inhibitor, CI994, Improves Nuclear Reprogramming and In Vitro Developmental Potential of Cloned Pig Embryos. Cell Reprogram 2018; 20:205-213. [PMID: 29782192 DOI: 10.1089/cell.2018.0001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic reprogramming and somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) cloning efficiency were recently enhanced using histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACis). In this study, we investigated the time effect of CI994, an HDACi, on the blastocyst formation rate, acetylation levels of H3K9 and H4K12, DNA methylation levels of anti-5-methylcytosine (5mC), and some mRNA expression of pluripotency-related genes in pig SCNT embryos. Treatment with 10 μM CI994 for 24 hours significantly improved the blastocyst formation rate of SCNT embryos in comparison with the untreated group (p < 0.05). Moreover, average fluorescence intensities of H3K9 and H4K12 in CI994-treated embryos were remarkably increased at the pseudo-pronuclear stage, but not at the blastocyst stage. The intensity of POU5F1 was higher in CI994-treated blastocysts than in control blastocysts, whereas that of 5mC did not differ between the two groups. The percentage of apoptotic cells in blastocysts was significantly higher in the untreated group than in the CI994-treated group. mRNA levels of POU5F1 and SOX2 were significantly increased in the CI994-treated group. These observations suggest that optimum exposure (10 μM for 24 hours) to CI994 after activation elevates the level of histone acetylation and subsequently improves the in vitro development of pig SCNT embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Jin
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University , Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Qing Guo
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University , Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Guang-Lei Zhang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University , Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Xiao-Xu Xing
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University , Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Mei-Fu Xuan
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University , Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Qi-Rong Luo
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University , Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Zhao-Bo Luo
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University , Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Jun-Xia Wang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University , Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Xi-Jun Yin
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University , Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Jin-Dan Kang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University , Yanji, Jilin, China
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22
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Luo ZB, Jin L, Guo Q, Wang JX, Xing XX, Xuan MF, Luo QR, Zhang GL, Yin XJ, Kang JD. Cotreatment with RepSox and LBH589 improves the in vitro developmental competence of porcine somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos. Reprod Fertil Dev 2018; 30:1342-1351. [DOI: 10.1071/rd17543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that aberrant epigenetic reprogramming and low pluripotency of donor nuclei lead to abnormal development of cloned embryos and underlie the inefficiency of mammalian somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). The present study demonstrates that treatment with the small molecule RepSox alone upregulates the expression of pluripotency-related genes in porcine SCNT embryos. Treatment with the histone deacetylase inhibitor LBH589 significantly increased the blastocyst formation rate, whereas treatment with RepSox did not. Cotreatment with 12.5 μM RepSox and 50 nM LBH589 (RepSox + LBH589) for 24 h significantly increased the blastocyst formation rate compared with that of untreated embryos (26.9% vs 8.5% respectively; P < 0.05). Furthermore, the expression of pluripotency-related genes octamer-binding transcription factor 4 (NANOG) and SRY (sex determining region Y)-box 2 (SOX2) were found to significantly increased in the RepSox + LBH589 compared with control group at both the 4-cell and blastocyst stages. In particular, the expression of NANOG was 135-fold higher at the blastocyst stage in the RepSox + LBH589 group. Moreover, RepSox + LBH589 improved epigenetic reprogramming. In summary, RepSox + LBH589 increases the expression of developmentally important genes, optimises epigenetic reprogramming and improves the in vitro development of porcine SCNT embryos.
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23
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Guo Q, Jin L, Zhu HY, Xing XX, Xuan MF, Luo QR, Zhang GL, Luo ZB, Wang JX, Yin XJ, Kang JD. The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, JNJ-7706621, improves in vitro developmental competence of porcine parthenogenetic activation and somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos. Reprod Fertil Dev 2018; 30:1002-1010. [DOI: 10.1071/rd17194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2017] [Accepted: 11/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study we examined the effects of JNJ-7706621, a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, on the in vitro growth of pig embryos that had been produced either by parthenogenetic activation (PA) or somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). A significantly higher percentage of PA embryos reached the blastocyst stage by Day 7 after exposure to 10 µM JNJ-7706621 for 4 h compared with embryos exposed to 5 µg mL−1 cytochalasin B for 4 h (P < 0.05). Similarly, the rate of Tyr15 phosphorylation of the complex of cyclin and p34cdc2 (CDK1) was significantly elevated in the JNJ-7706621-treated embryos compared with embryos exposed to cytochalasin B or non-treated controls (P < 0.05). In contrast, Thr161 phosphorylation of CDK1 was significantly lower in the JNJ-7706621-treated group compared with the cytochalasin B-treated as well as the non-treated group (P < 0.05). Similarly, the level of M-phase-promoting factor (MPF) in embryos was significantly lower in the JNJ-7706621-treated group compared with the cytochalasin B-treated and non-treated groups (P < 0.05). In addition, more SCNT embryos reached the blastocyst stage after treatment with JNJ-7706621 than following exposure to cytochalasin B (P < 0.05). In conclusion, these results reveal that exposure to 10 µM JNJ-7706621 for 4 h improves early development of PA and SCNT porcine embryos by suppressing the activity of CDK1 and a concomitant reduction in the level of MPF.
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24
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Kang JD, Kim H, Jin L, Guo Q, Cui CD, Li WX, Kim S, Kim JS, Yin XJ. Apancreatic pigs cloned using Pdx1-disrupted fibroblasts created via TALEN-mediated mutagenesis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:115480-115489. [PMID: 29383175 PMCID: PMC5777787 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.23301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 (PDX1) plays a crucial role in pancreas development, β-cell differentiation, and maintenance of mature β-cell function. In this study, we designed a strategy to produce PDX1-knockout (KO) pigs. A transcription activator-like effector nuclease (TALEN) pair targeting exon 1 of the swine PDX1 gene was constructed. Porcine fetal fibroblasts (PFFs) were transfected with the TALEN plasmids plus a surrogate reporter plasmid. PDX1-mutated PFFs were enriched by magnetic separation and used to produce homozygous PDX1-KO pigs via a two-step somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) cloning process. In the first SCNT step, we obtained eight fetuses, established PFF cell lines, and analyzed PDX1 gene mutations by T7 endonuclease 1 assays and Sanger sequencing. Five fetuses showed mutations at the PDX1 loci with two biallelic mutations and three monoallelic mutations (mutation rate of 62.5%). In the second step, a PDX1 biallelic mutant PFF cell line with a 2 bp deletion in one allele and a 4 bp insertion in the other allele was used as a donor to generate cloned pigs via SCNT. From 462 cloned embryos transferred into two surrogates, nine live piglets were delivered. These piglets at birth were not clearly distinguishable phenotypically from wild-type piglets, but soon developed severe diarrhea and vomiting and all died within 2 days after birth. Dissection of PDX1-KO piglets revealed that the liver, gallbladder, spleen, stomach, common bile duct, and other viscera were present and normal, but the pancreas was absent in all cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Dan Kang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering and Department of Animal Science, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Hyojin Kim
- Center for Genome Engineering, Institute for Basic Science, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-747, South Korea.,Present/Current address: Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering, ETH Zurich, Basel CH-4058, Switzerland
| | - Long Jin
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering and Department of Animal Science, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Qing Guo
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering and Department of Animal Science, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Cheng-Du Cui
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering and Department of Animal Science, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Wen-Xue Li
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering and Department of Animal Science, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
| | - Seokjoong Kim
- ToolGen, Inc., Byucksan Kyoungin Digital Valley 2-Cha, Geumcheon-Gu, Seoul 153-023, South Korea
| | - Jin-Soo Kim
- Center for Genome Engineering, Institute for Basic Science, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 151-747, South Korea
| | - Xi-Jun Yin
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering and Department of Animal Science, Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, China
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25
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Xing XX, Xuan MF, Jin L, Guo Q, Luo ZB, Wang JX, Luo QR, Zhang GL, Cui CD, Cui ZY, Kang JD, Yin XJ. Fiber-type distribution and expression of myosin heavy chain isoforms in newborn heterozygous myostatin-knockout pigs. Biotechnol Lett 2017; 39:1811-1819. [DOI: 10.1007/s10529-017-2422-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2017] [Accepted: 08/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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26
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Jin L, Guo Q, Zhu HY, Xing XX, Zhang GL, Xuan MF, Luo QR, Luo ZB, Wang JX, Yin XJ, Kang JD. Quisinostat treatment improves histone acetylation and developmental competence of porcine somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos. Mol Reprod Dev 2017; 84:340-346. [PMID: 28224725 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.22787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Abnormal epigenetic modifications are considered a main contributing factor to low cloning efficiency. In the present study, we explored the effects of quisinostat, a novel histone deacetylase inhibitor, on blastocyst formation rate in porcine somatic-cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos, on acetylation of histone H3 lysine 9 (AcH3K9), and on expression of POU5F1 protein and apoptosis-related genes BAX and BCL2. Our results showed that treatment with 10 nM quisinostat for 24 hr significantly improved the development of reconstructed embryos compared to the untreated group (19.0 ± 1.6% vs. 10.2 ± 0.9%; p < 0.05). Quisinostat-treated SCNT embryos also possessed significantly increased AcH3K9 at the pseudo-pronuclear stage (p < 0.05), as well as improved immunostaining intensity for POU5F1 at the blastocyst stage (p < 0.05). While no statistical difference in BAX expression was observed, BCL2 transcript abundance was significantly different in the quisinostat-treated compared to the untreated control group. Of the 457 quisinostat-treated cloned embryos transferred into three surrogates, six fetuses developed from the one sow that became pregnant. These findings suggested that quisinostat can regulate gene expression and epigenetic modification, facilitating nuclear reprogramming, and subsequently improving the developmental competence of pig SCNT embryos and blastocyst quality.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Qing Guo
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Hai-Ying Zhu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Xiao-Xu Xing
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Guang-Lei Zhang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Mei-Fu Xuan
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Qi-Rong Luo
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Zhao-Bo Luo
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Jun-Xia Wang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Xi-Jun Yin
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Jin-Dan Kang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
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27
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Kang JD, Kim S, Zhu HY, Jin L, Guo Q, Li XC, Zhang YC, Xing XX, Xuan MF, Zhang GL, Luo QR, Kim YS, Cui CD, Li WX, Cui ZY, Kim JS, Yin XJ. Generation of cloned adult muscular pigs with myostatin gene mutation by genetic engineering. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra28579a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is the most economically valuable tissue in meat-producing animals and enhancing muscle growth in these species may enhance the efficiency of meat production.
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28
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Jin L, Zhu HY, Guo Q, Li XC, Zhang YC, Cui CD, Li WX, Cui ZY, Yin XJ, Kang JD. Effect of histone acetylation modification with MGCD0103, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, on nuclear reprogramming and the developmental competence of porcine somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos. Theriogenology 2016; 87:298-305. [PMID: 27742403 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2016.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2016] [Revised: 08/27/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Cloning remains as an important technique to enhance the reconstitution and distribution of animal population with high-genetic merit. One of the major detrimental factors of this technique is the abnormal epigenetic modifications. MGCD0103 is known as a histone deacetylase inhibitor. In this study, we investigated the effect of MGCD0103 on the in vitro blastocyst formation rate in porcine somatic cell nuclear transferred (SCNT) embryos and expression in acetylation of the histone H3 lysine 9 and histone H4 lysine 12. We compared the in vitro embryonic development of SCNT embryos treated with different concentrations of MGCD0103 for 24 hours. Our results reported that treating with 0.2-μM MGCD0103 for 24 hours effectively improved the development of SCNT embryos, in comparison to the control group (blastocyst formation rate, 25.5 vs. 10.7%, P < 0.05). Then we tested the in vitro development of SCNT embryos treated with 0.2-μM MGCD0103 for various intervals after activation. Treatment for 6 hours significantly improved the development of pig SCNT embryos, compared with the control group (blastocyst formation rate, 21.2 vs. 10.5%, P < 0.05). Furthermore, MGCD0103 supplementation significantly (P < 0.05) increases the average fluorescence intensity of AcH3K9 and AcH4K12 in embryos at the pseudo-pronuclear stage. To examine the in vivo development, MGCD0103-treated SCNT embryos were transferred into two surrogate sows, one of whom became pregnant and three fetuses developed. These results suggest that MGCD0103 can enhance the nuclear reprogramming and improve in vitro developmental potential of porcine SCNT embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Long Jin
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Hai-Ying Zhu
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Qing Guo
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Xiao-Chen Li
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Yu-Chen Zhang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Cheng-Du Cui
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Wen-Xue Li
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Zheng-Yun Cui
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China
| | - Xi-Jun Yin
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China.
| | - Jin-Dan Kang
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Transgenic Animal and Embryo Engineering, Yanbian University, Yanji, Jilin, China.
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Yan Y, Bell KM, Hartman RA, Hu J, Wang W, Kang JD, Lee JY. In vitro evaluation of translating and rotating plates using a robot testing system under follower load. Eur Spine J 2015; 26:189-199. [PMID: 26321003 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-015-4203-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2014] [Revised: 08/20/2015] [Accepted: 08/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND CONTEXT Various modifications to standard "rigid" anterior cervical plate designs (constrained plate) have been developed that allow for some degree of axial translation and/or rotation of the plate (semi-constrained plate)-theoretically promoting proper load sharing with the graft and improved fusion rates. However, previous studies about rigid and dynamic plates have not examined the influence of simulated muscle loading. PURPOSE The objective of this study was to compare rigid, translating, and rotating plates for single-level corpectomy procedures using a robot testing system with follower load. STUDY DESIGN In-vitro biomechanical test. METHODS N = 15 fresh-frozen human (C3-7) cervical specimens were biomechanically tested. The follower load was applied to the specimens at the neutral position from 0 to 100 N. Specimens were randomized into a rigid plate group, a translating plate group and a rotating plate group and then tested in flexion, extension, lateral bending and axial rotation to a pure moment target of 2.0 Nm under 100N of follower load. Range of motion, load sharing, and adjacent level effects were analyzed using a repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA). RESULTS No significant differences were observed between the translating plate and the rigid plate on load sharing at neutral position and C4-6 ROM, but the translating plate was able to maintain load through the graft at a desired level during flexion. The rotating plate shared less load than rigid and translating plates in the neutral position, but cannot maintain the graft load during flexion. CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrated that, in the presence of simulated muscle loading (follower load), the translating plate demonstrated superior performance for load sharing compared to the rigid and rotating plates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Yan
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, People's Republic of China
- C/O Ferguson Laboratory for Spine Research, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, E1612 BST, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - K M Bell
- C/O Ferguson Laboratory for Spine Research, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, E1612 BST, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.
| | - R A Hartman
- C/O Ferguson Laboratory for Spine Research, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, E1612 BST, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - J Hu
- Department of Spine Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, People's Republic of China
| | - W Wang
- Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang, People's Republic of China
| | - J D Kang
- C/O Ferguson Laboratory for Spine Research, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, E1612 BST, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - J Y Lee
- C/O Ferguson Laboratory for Spine Research, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 200 Lothrop Street, E1612 BST, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
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Guo Q, Zhu HY, Jin L, Gao QS, Kang JD, Cui CD, Yin XJ. Production of Cloned Wuzhishan Miniature Pigs and Application for Alloxan Toxicity Test. Anim Biotechnol 2015; 26:292-7. [DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2015.1025957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qing Guo
- Department of Animal Science and Animal Medical, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Hai-Ying Zhu
- Department of Animal Science and Animal Medical, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Long Jin
- Department of Animal Science and Animal Medical, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Qing-Shan Gao
- Department of Animal Science and Animal Medical, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Jin-Dan Kang
- Department of Animal Science and Animal Medical, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Cheng-Du Cui
- Department of Animal Science and Animal Medical, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Xi-Jun Yin
- Department of Animal Science and Animal Medical, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
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Li S, Kang JD, Jin JX, Hong Y, Zhu HY, Jin L, Gao QS, Yan CG, Cui CD, Li WX, Yin XJ. Effect of demecolcine-assisted enucleation on the MPF level and cyclin B1 distribution in porcine oocytes. PLoS One 2014; 9:e91483. [PMID: 24626152 PMCID: PMC3953396 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0091483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Demecolcine (DEM) treatment of oocytes induces formation of a membrane protrusion containing a mass of condensed maternal chromosomes, which can be removed with minimal damage prior to somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). However, the effect of this method on the distribution of maturation-promoting factor (MPF) in porcine oocytes has not been reported. Here, the level of MPF and the distribution of cyclin B1 were assessed in porcine oocytes following DEM treatment. In addition, the efficiencies of DEM-assisted and mechanical enucleation were compared, as were the development (in vitro and in vivo) of these oocytes following SCNT. MPF was uniformly distributed in oocytes that had been treated with 0.4 μg/ml DEM for 1 h. Immunofluorescence microscopy showed that in untreated oocytes, cyclin B1, the regulatory subunit of MPF, accumulated around the spindle, and was lowly detected in the cytoplasm. DEM treatment disrupted spindle microtubules, induced chromosome condensation, and reduced the level of cyclin B1 in the nuclear region. Cyclin B1 was uniformly distributed in DEM-treated oocytes and the level of MPF was increased. The potential of embryos generated from DEM-treated oocytes to develop in vivo was significantly greater than that of embryos generated from mechanically enucleated oocytes. This is the first study to report the effects of DEM-assisted enucleation of porcine oocytes on the distribution of cyclin B1. MPF in mature oocytes is important for the development of reconstructed embryos and for efficient SCNT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suo Li
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Jin-Dan Kang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Jun-Xue Jin
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Yu Hong
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Hai-Ying Zhu
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Long Jin
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Qing-Shan Gao
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Chang-Guo Yan
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Cheng-Du Cui
- Department of veterinary medicine, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Wen-Xue Li
- Department of veterinary medicine, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
| | - Xi-Jun Yin
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
- * E-mail:
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Jin JX, Li S, Hong Y, Jin L, Zhu HY, Guo Q, Gao QS, Yan CG, Kang JD, Yin XJ. CUDC-101, a histone deacetylase inhibitor, improves the in vitro and in vivo developmental competence of somatic cell nuclear transfer pig embryos. Theriogenology 2014; 81:572-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2013.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2013] [Revised: 10/30/2013] [Accepted: 11/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Zhu HY, Kang JD, Li S, Jin JX, Hong Y, Jin L, Guo Q, Gao QS, Yan CG, Yin XJ. Production of rhesus monkey cloned embryos expressing monomeric red fluorescent protein by interspecies somatic cell nuclear transfer. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 444:638-43. [PMID: 24491539 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.01.137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2014] [Accepted: 01/25/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Interspecies somatic cell nuclear transfer (iSCNT) is a promising method to clone endangered animals from which oocytes are difficult to obtain. Monomeric red fluorescent protein 1 (mRFP1) is an excellent selection marker for transgenically modified cloned embryos during somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT). In this study, mRFP-expressing rhesus monkey cells or porcine cells were transferred into enucleated porcine oocytes to generate iSCNT and SCNT embryos, respectively. The development of these embryos was studied in vitro. The percentage of embryos that underwent cleavage did not significantly differ between iSCNT and SCNT embryos (P>0.05; 71.53% vs. 80.30%). However, significantly fewer iSCNT embryos than SCNT embryos reached the blastocyst stage (2.04% vs. 10.19%, P<0.05). Valproic acid was used in an attempt to increase the percentage of iSCNT embryos that developed to the blastocyst stage. However, the percentages of embryos that underwent cleavage and reached the blastocyst stage were similar between untreated iSCNT embryos and iSCNT embryos treated with 2mM valproic acid for 24h (72.12% vs. 70.83% and 2.67% vs. 2.35%, respectively). These data suggest that porcine-rhesus monkey interspecies embryos can be generated that efficiently express mRFP1. However, a significantly lower proportion of iSCNT embryos than SCNT embryos reach the blastocyst stage. Valproic acid does not increase the percentage of porcine-rhesus monkey iSCNT embryos that reach the blastocyst stage. The mechanisms underling nuclear reprogramming and epigenetic modifications in iSCNT need to be investigated further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Ying Zhu
- Department of Animal Science, Agricultural College of Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, PR China
| | - Jin-Dan Kang
- Department of Animal Science, Agricultural College of Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, PR China
| | - Suo Li
- Department of Animal Science, Agricultural College of Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, PR China
| | - Jun-Xue Jin
- Department of Animal Science, Agricultural College of Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, PR China
| | - Yu Hong
- Department of Animal Science, Agricultural College of Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, PR China
| | - Long Jin
- Department of Animal Science, Agricultural College of Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, PR China
| | - Qing Guo
- Department of Animal Science, Agricultural College of Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, PR China
| | - Qing-Shan Gao
- Department of Animal Science, Agricultural College of Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, PR China
| | - Chang-Guo Yan
- Department of Animal Science, Agricultural College of Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, PR China
| | - Xi-Jun Yin
- Department of Animal Science, Agricultural College of Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, PR China.
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Lu Y, Kang JD, Li S, Wang W, Jin JX, Hong Y, Cui CD, Yan CG, Yin XJ. Generation of transgenic Wuzhishan miniature pigs expressing monomeric red fluorescent protein by somatic cell nuclear transfer. Genesis 2013; 51:575-86. [PMID: 23620141 DOI: 10.1002/dvg.22399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2012] [Revised: 04/09/2013] [Accepted: 04/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/16/2023]
Abstract
Red fluorescent protein and its variants enable researchers to study gene expression, localization, and protein-protein interactions in vitro in real-time. Fluorophores with higher wavelengths are usually preferred since they efficiently penetrate tissues and produce less toxic emissions. A recently developed fluorescent protein marker, monomeric red fluorescent protein (mRFP1), is particularly useful because of its rapid maturation and minimal interference with green fluorescent protein (GFP) and GFP-derived markers. We generated a pCX-mRFP1-pgk-neoR construct and evaluated the ability of mRFP1 to function as a fluorescent marker in transgenic Wuzhishan miniature pigs. Transgenic embryos were generated by somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) of nuclei isolated from ear fibroblasts expressing mRFP1. Embryos generated by SCNT developed into blastocysts in vitro (11.65%; 31/266). Thereafter, a total of 685 transgenic embryos were transferred into the oviducts of three recipients, two of which became pregnant. Of these, one recipient had six aborted fetuses, whereas the other recipient gave birth to four offspring. All offspring expressed the pCX-mRFP1-pgk-neoR gene as shown by PCR and fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis. The transgenic pigs expressed mRFP1 in all organs and tissues at high levels. These results demonstrate that Wuzhishan miniature pigs can express mRFP1. To conclude, this transgenic animal represents an excellent model with widespread applications in medicine and agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Lu
- Department of Animal Science, Agricultural College of Yanbian University, Yanji 133002, People's Republic of China
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Kang JD, Li S, Lu Y, Wang W, Liang S, Liu X, Jin JX, Hong Y, Yan CG, Yin XJ. Valproic acid improved in vitro development of pig cloning embryos but did not improve survival of cloned pigs to adulthood. Theriogenology 2012; 79:306-11.e1. [PMID: 23140802 DOI: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2012.08.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2012] [Revised: 08/20/2012] [Accepted: 08/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
The objective was to examine the effects of valproic acid (VPA), a histone deacetylase inhibitor, on in vitro and in vivo development of Wuzhishan miniature pig somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryos. Experiment 1 compared in vitro developmental competence of nuclear transfer embryos treated with various concentrations of VPA for 24 h. Embryos treated with 2 mM VPA for 24 h had a greater rate of blastocyst formation compared with control or embryos treated with 4 or 8 mM VPA (21.5% vs. 10.5%, 12.6%, and 17.2%, P < 0.05). Experiment 2 examined the in vitro developmental competence of nuclear transfer embryos treated with 2 mM VPA for various intervals after chemical activation. Embryos treated for 24 h had higher rates of blastocyst formation than the control or those treated for 4 or 48 h (20.7% vs. 9.2%, 12.1%, and 9.1%, P < 0.05). In Experiment 3, an average of 207 (range, 192-216) nuclear transfer embryos from the VPA-treated group were transferred to surrogate mothers, resulting in three pregnancies. Two of the surrogates delivered a total of 11 live piglets. However, for unknown reasons, nine of 11 piglets in the VPA-treated group died within 1 to 5 d after birth. Untreated control embryos (average, 205; range, 179-225) transferred to four surrogate mothers resulted in three pregnancies, two of which delivered a total of 12 live offspring, although four of 12 piglets in the VPA-untreated group died (cause unknown) within 1 to 3 d, whereas eight of the 12 piglets in the VPA-untreated group survived more than 3 or 4 mo. The average birth weight of the two litters from the VPA-treated group tended (P < 0.05) to be lower than that from the control groups (551.6 g vs. 675.2 g). In conclusion, VPA treatment increased the blastocyst formation rate of SCNT porcine embryos; both VPA-treated and the untreated clones developed to term, but offspring from VPA-treated embryos had a lower survival to adulthood than those from control embryos (18.2% vs. 67.0%; P < 0.05).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Dan Kang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture, Yanbian University, Yanji, China
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Bechara BP, Leckie SK, Bowman BW, Davies CE, Woods BI, Kanal E, Sowa GA, Kang JD. Application of a semiautomated contour segmentation tool to identify the intervertebral nucleus pulposus in MR images. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2010; 31:1640-4. [PMID: 20581067 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a2162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Accurate identification of the NP in MR images is crucial to properly and objectively assess the intervertebral disk. Therefore, computerized segmentation of the NP in T2WI is necessary to produce repeatable and accurate results with minimal user input. MATERIAL AND METHODS A semiautomated CS method was developed to identify the NP in T2WI on the basis of intensity differences compared with the AF. The method was validated by segmenting computer-generated images with a known ROI. The method was tested by using 63 MR images of rabbit lumbar disks, which were segmented to detect disk degeneration. An ICC was used to assess the repeatability of this method compared with manual segmentation. RESULTS The error in the detected area of the rabbit NP by using CS was -3.49% ± 4.4% (mean ± SD) compared with 22.36% ± 5.55% by using manual segmentation. Moreover, the method was capable of detecting disk degeneration in a known rabbit puncture model of disk degeneration. Finally, this method had an ICC of 0.97 and 0.99 in regard to segmenting the area and calculating the MR imaging index of the NP, deeming it highly repeatable. CONCLUSIONS The CS method is a semiautomated computer method able to segment the NP of the rabbit disk and detect disk degeneration. In addition, it could assist in clinical detection, assessment, and monitoring of early degeneration in human disks.
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Affiliation(s)
- B P Bechara
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Ferguson Laboratory for Orthopaedic Research, University of Pittsburgh, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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Kim JH, Studer RK, Vo NV, Sowa GA, Kang JD. p38 MAPK inhibition selectively mitigates inflammatory mediators and VEGF production in AF cells co-cultured with activated macrophage-like THP-1 cells. Osteoarthritis Cartilage 2009; 17:1662-9. [PMID: 19583958 DOI: 10.1016/j.joca.2009.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2009] [Revised: 05/24/2009] [Accepted: 06/17/2009] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Recent data have suggested that macrophages are involved in the pathogenesis of discogenic back pain and enhance the secretion of inflammatory mediators in co-cultured annulus fibrosus (AF) cells. The purpose of these studies is to determine the role of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) signaling in the interactions between macrophage and AF cells. METHODS Human AF cells were co-cultured with phorbol myristate acetate-stimulated macrophage-like THP-1 cells with and without p38 MAPK inhibition. Conditioned media from co-cultured cells were assayed for interleukin (IL)-6, IL-8, prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), PGF2alpha, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Naïve and macrophage-exposed AF cell responses to 10ng/ml tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) were compared using the same outcome measures. RESULTS IL-6, IL-8, PGE2, PGF2alpha, and VEGF were secreted in greater quantities by cells maintained in co-culture compared to macrophages or AF cells cultured alone. SB202190 blunted IL-6, PGE2, and PGF2alpha production in a dose-dependent manner in co-culture. However, it did not suppress IL-8 and VEGF production. TNF-alpha-stimulated AF cell inflammatory mediators were up-regulated by macrophage exposure. SB202190 successfully suppressed IL-6, IL-8, PGE2, and PGF2alpha secretion in macrophage-exposed AF cells in response to TNF-alpha. CONCLUSIONS Annular injury can result in macrophage infiltration, and this can cause enhanced inflammatory mediator and VEGF production by AF cells. The p38 MAPK pathway signals are responsible for much of IL-6 and PG secretion from AF cells with macrophage-like cells, suggesting that blockade of this signal may serve as a therapeutic approach to discogenic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Kim
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, South Korea
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Abstract
Degenerative disc disease (DDD) is a chronic process that can become clinically manifest in multiple disorders such as idiopathic low back pain, disc herniation, radiculopathy, myelopathy, and spinal stenosis. The limited available technology for the treatment of these and other pathologic and disabling conditions arising from DDD is highly invasive (eg, surgical discectomy and fusion), manifesting a certain degree of complications and unsatisfactory clinical outcomes. Although the precise pathophysiology of DDD remains to be clearly delineated, the progressive decline in aggrecan, the primary proteoglycan of the nucleus pulposus, appears to be a final common pathway. It has been hypothesized that imbalance in the synthesis and catabolism of certain critical extracellular matrix components can be mitigated by the transfer of genes to intervertebral disc cells encoding factors that modulate synthesis and catabolism of these components. The successful in vivo transfer of therapeutic genes to target cells within the intervertebral disc in clinically relevant animal models of DDD is one example of the rapid progress that is being made towards the development of gene therapy approaches for the treatment of DDD. This chapter reviews the ability of gene therapy to alter biologic processes in the degenerated intervertebral disc and outlines the work needed to be done before human clinical trials can be contemplated.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sobajima
- Ferguson Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Abstract
BACKGROUND CONTEXT Low back pain continues to be a major cause of morbidity in the United States and the world. Although the exact cause has yet to be defined, the intervertebral disk and its age-related changes have been most frequently implicated. PURPOSE This article represents a brief summary of intervertebral disk structure and function, both in the "normal" and degenerative states. STUDY DESIGN/SETTING Review article. A Medline search from 1966 to present was performed to identify pertinent articles related to the topic of the intervertebral disc and degeneration. METHODS This review article describes the pertinent anatomy, as well as the biochemical and biomechanical changes that occur in the intervertebral disc over time. It presents many of the current theories implicated as causing these changes. RESULTS Recent studies have shown that gene therapy (the transfer of therapeutic gene[s] into a cell), may have promise as a method of slowing down, or preventing some of the changes seen in the intervertebral disc. CONCLUSION Intervertebral disc degeneration is a complex phenomenon, likely the result of a combination of biochemical and biomechanical factors that are known to occur in the disk. Ongoing research efforts in the area of gene therapy show promise as a way to prevent, or even reverse, some of these changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- E H Cassinelli
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, 1010 Kaufmann Building, 3471 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213-3221, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- A R Vaccaro
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
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Moon SH, Gilbertson LG, Nishida K, Knaub M, Muzzonigro T, Robbins PD, Evans CH, Kang JD. Human intervertebral disc cells are genetically modifiable by adenovirus-mediated gene transfer: implications for the clinical management of intervertebral disc disorders. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2000; 25:2573-9. [PMID: 11034640 DOI: 10.1097/00007632-200010150-00006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 99] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Human intervertebral disc cells were cultured in monolayer and treated with adenovirus-containing marker genes to determine the susceptibility of the cells to adenovirus-mediated gene transfer. OBJECTIVES To test the efficacy of the adenovirus-mediated gene transfer technique for transferring exogenous genes to human intervertebral disc cells in vitro. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Upregulated proteoglycan synthesis after direct in vivo adenovirus-mediated transfer of growth factor genes to the rabbit intervertebral disc has previously been reported. Before contemplating extending this approach to the treatment of human disc disease, it is necessary to demonstrate that human intervertebral disc cells are indeed susceptible to adenovirus-mediated gene transduction. METHODS Human intervertebral disc cells were isolated from disc tissue obtained from 15 patients during surgical disc procedures. The cells were cultured in monolayer and treated with saline containing five different doses of adenovirus carrying the lacZ gene (Ad/CMV-lacZ), saline containing adenovirus carrying the luciferase gene (Ad/CMV-luciferase), or saline alone. Transgene expression was analyzed by 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-beta-galactosidase (X-Gal) staining and luciferase assay. RESULTS Adenovirus efficiently transferred lacZ and luciferase marker genes to cells from degenerated discs as well as to cells from nondegenerated discs. A minimum dose of 150 MOI Ad/CMV-lacZ was found to be sufficient to achieve transduction of approximately 100% of disc cells-regardless of patient age, sex, surgical indication, disc level, and degeneration grade. No statistically significant difference in the luciferase activities could be detected in disc cell cultures from degenerated and nondegenerated discs treated with Ad/CMV-luciferase. CONCLUSIONS In vitro transducibility of human intervertebral disc cells by adenovirus is relatively insensitive to disc degeneration grade. Because the rate-limiting step for successful gene therapy is the ability to transfer genes efficiently to the target tissue, the achievement of efficient gene transfer to human intervertebral disc cells(using a direct, adenovirus-mediated approach) is an important and necessary step in the development of gene therapy strategies for the management of human intervertebral disc disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- S H Moon
- Musculoskeletal Research Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
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Abstract
Gene therapy involves the transfer of genes to cells such that the recipient cells express these genes and thereby synthesize the ribonucleic acid and protein that they encode. Recent investigations suggest that gene therapy may have potential applications in the treatment of intervertebral disc disorders, particularly those associated with disc degeneration. The successful in vivo transfer of therapeutic genes to target cells within the intervertebral disc in clinically relevant animal models is one example of the rapid progress that is being made. The purpose of the current review is to address several important technical issues, including choice of vectors and gene delivery strategy and the characteristics of the target tissues, which are relevant to future clinical applications of gene therapy for the treatment of intervertebral disc disorders. It already is apparent from the growing literature that gene therapy has the potential of becoming a valuable clinical treatment mode for intervertebral disc disorders in the twenty-first century.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Nishida
- Musculoskeletal Research Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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Kang JD, Boden SD. Orthopaedic gene therapy. Spine. Clin Orthop Relat Res 2000:S256-9. [PMID: 11039778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J D Kang
- University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, PA 15213, USA
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Abstract
STUDY DESIGN A case report of a patient with a known diagnosis of congenital insensitivity to pain who developed a herniated cervical disc. OBJECTIVES To study the clinical manifestations of cervical radiculopathy in a patient with congenital insensitivity to pain and the long-term outcome after surgical treatment. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA There have been no reports in the English literature documenting such a patient. METHODS Retrospective case report and long-term clinical and radiographic follow-up. RESULTS This patient with a known diagnosis of congenital insensitivity to pain had neurologic motor weakness with "neck and shoulder pain." Clear radicular pattern could not be elicited. The patient underwent a successful anterior discectomy and fusion with long-term clinical and radiographic results. CONCLUSION Patients with congenital insensitivity to pain who develop a cervical disc herniation may present with atypical symptoms not manifesting in the classic radicular pattern. Higher index of suspicion by the clinician must be practiced to make the appropriate diagnosis. Successful surgical outcome may be achieved in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- J D Kang
- University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Nishida
- Musculoskeletal Research Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA
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Nishida K, Kang JD, Gilbertson LG, Moon SH, Suh JK, Vogt MT, Robbins PD, Evans CH. Modulation of the biologic activity of the rabbit intervertebral disc by gene therapy: an in vivo study of adenovirus-mediated transfer of the human transforming growth factor beta 1 encoding gene. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 1999; 24:2419-25. [PMID: 10626303 DOI: 10.1097/00007632-199912010-00002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 284] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN In vivo studies using a rabbit model to determine the biologic effects of direct, adenovirus-mediated transfer of a therapeutic gene to the intervertebral disc. OBJECTIVES 1) To deliver an exogenous therapeutic gene to rabbit lumbar intervertebral discs in vivo, 2) to quantify the resulting amount of gene expression, and 3) to determine the effect on the biologic activity of the discs. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Although growth factors such as transforming growth factor beta 1 appear to have promising therapeutic properties, there currently is no practical method for sustained delivery of exogenous growth factors to the disc for the management of certain chronic types of disease (e.g., disc degeneration). A possible solution is to modify the disc cells genetically through gene transfer such that the cells manufacture the desired growth factors endogenously on a continuous basis. METHODS Saline, with or without virus, was injected directly into lumbar discs of 22 skeletally mature female New Zealand white rabbits. Group 1 (n = 11) received the adenovirus construct Ad/CMV-hTGF beta 1 containing the therapeutic human transforming growth factor beta 1-encoding gene. Group 2 (n = 6) received adenovirus containing the luciferase marker gene. Group 3 (n = 5) received saline only. The rabbits were killed 1 week after injection. Immunohistochemical staining for human transforming growth factor beta 1 was performed on the disc tissues of one rabbit from Group 1. Nucleus pulposus tissues from the remaining rabbits were cultured in serumless medium. Bioassays were performed to determine human transforming growth factor beta 1 production and proteoglycan synthesis. RESULTS Discs injected with Ad/CMV-hTGF beta 1 exhibited extensive and intense positive immunostaining for transforming growth factor beta 1. The nucleus pulposus tissues from the discs injected with Ad/CMV-hTGF beta 1 exhibited a 30-fold increase in active transforming growth factor beta 1 production, and a 5-fold increase in total (active + latent) transforming growth factor beta 1 production over that from intact control discs (P < 0.05). Furthermore, these tissues exhibited a 100% increase in proteoglycan synthesis compared with intact control tissue, which was statistically significant (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The results of this study suggest that the intervertebral disc is an appropriate site for adenovirus-mediated transfer of exogenous genes and subsequent production of therapeutic growth factors. Gene therapy therefore may have useful applications for study of the basic science of the intervertebral disc and for clinical management of degenerative disc disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Nishida
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Vogt MT, Rubin DA, San Valentin R, Palermo L, Kang JD, Donaldson WF, Nevitt M, Cauley JA. Degenerative lumbar listhesis and bone mineral density in elderly women. The study of osteoporotic fractures. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 1999; 24:2536-41. [PMID: 10626317 DOI: 10.1097/00007632-199912010-00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN A cross-sectional and prospective study. OBJECTIVES To investigate the association between lumbar listhesis in elderly white women and bone mineral density at the spine, hip, radius, and calcaneus. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Several types of degenerative spinal changes have been found to be associated with high bone mineral density at the spine and other body sites. METHODS Lateral radiographs of the lumbar spine for 1400 elderly women enrolled in the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures were digitized. Listhesis (antero and retro) was assessed at L3-L4, L4-L5, and L5-S1. Bone mineral density was measured at the spine, hip, calcaneus, and the distal and proximal radius. RESULTS After adjusting the data for age and body mass index, retrolisthesis at L3-L4, L4-L5, and L5-S1 was associated with mean spinal bone mineral density levels that were 9% to 13% higher compared with those levels in women with no listhesis (P < 0.0001). In addition, bone mineral density at the hip and appendicular sites increased from 4% to 9%. The mean lumbar spinal bone mineral density of women with anterolisthesis at L3-L4 was 12% higher (P < 0.05) than that of women with no listhesis; it was the same for both groups at L4-L5 and was 7% lower (P < 0.005) at L5-S1. At L5-S1 the bone mineral density level at the hip and appendicular sites was also lower among the women with anterolisthesis at that level. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests that retrolisthesis, like other spinal degenerative diseases, is associated with increased spinal bone mineral density. Anterolisthesis, however, may involve a different etiology, because its association with bone mineral density varies by spinal level.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Vogt
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA.
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Gilbertson LG, Doehring TC, Livesay GA, Rudy TW, Kang JD, Woo SL. Improvement of accuracy in a high-capacity, six degree-of-freedom load cell: application to robotic testing of musculoskeletal joints. Ann Biomed Eng 1999; 27:839-43. [PMID: 10625155 DOI: 10.1114/1.236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated a previously unaccounted for source of error in a high-capacity, six degree-of-freedom load cell used in multi-degree-of-freedom robotic testing of musculoskeletal joints, an application requiring a load cell with high accuracy in addition to high load capacity. A method of calibration is presented for reducing the error caused by changes in universal force-moment sensor (UFS) orientation within a gravitational field. Uncorrected, this error can exceed a magnitude of 1% of the full-scale load capacity-the manufacturer-stated accuracy of the UFS. Implementation of the calibration protocol reduced this error by approximately 75% for a variety of loading conditions. This improvement in load cell accuracy (while maintaining full load capacity) should improve both the measurement and control of specimen kinetics by robotic/UFS and other biomechanical testing systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- L G Gilbertson
- Musculoskeletal Research Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. larss+@pitt.edu
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE AND IMPORTANCE The purpose of this report is to describe the placement and use of a cervical subarachnoid catheter for cerebrospinal fluid diversion. This technique provides an important alternative drainage system for patients whose clinical situations preclude lumbar spinal fluid diversion. CLINICAL PRESENTATION Two patients were involved in accidents that resulted in traumatic dural tears. Both patients required thoracolumbar spinal reconstruction with instrumentation. Cerebrospinal fistulae developed, which were refractory to surgical reexploration. TECHNIQUE A commercially available catheter was successfully placed in the cervical subarachnoid space under fluoroscopic guidance using a C1-C2 approach in both patients. Spinal fluid drainage was maintained for 5 days via this route, and this proved effective in resolving the cerebrospinal fluid fistula. No complications were observed with the placement or maintenance of the catheter. CONCLUSION Cervical spinal fluid drainage is a feasible alternative for patients in whom lumbar access cannot be obtained or is contraindicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- J B Wahlig
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pennsylvania, USA
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Nishida K, Kang JD, Suh JK, Robbins PD, Evans CH, Gilbertson LG. Adenovirus-mediated gene transfer to nucleus pulposus cells. Implications for the treatment of intervertebral disc degeneration. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 1998; 23:2437-42; discussion 2443. [PMID: 9836359 DOI: 10.1097/00007632-199811150-00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN In vitro and in vivo studies using a rabbit model were performed to determine the feasibility of adenovirus-mediated gene transfer to the intervertebral disc. OBJECTIVES This study was conducted to determine whether it is possible to transfer genes to cells within the intervertebral disc by direct injection of an adenovirus and to determine the duration of gene expression obtained by this method. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA Although growth factors have the potential to stimulate the regeneration of nucleus pulposus, sustained delivery of growth factors to a degenerated disc is clinically unfeasible with present technology. Novel approaches such as gene transfer should be investigated as possible solutions to this problem. METHODS The lacZ marker gene was used to evaluate gene delivery to cells within intervertebral discs. For the in vitro study, cell cultures were established from the nucleus pulposus tissue of New Zealand white rabbits and infected with an adenovirus encoding the lacZ gene (Ad-lacZ). For the in vivo study, the anterior aspects of lumbar intervertebral discs were surgically exposed, and Ad-lacZ in saline solution was directly injected into the nucleus pulposus. An equal volume of saline only was injected into control discs. Expression of the transferred gene was detected by staining with 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-beta-galactosidase (X-Gal). RESULTS The in vitro experiments confirmed that nucleus pulposus cells were efficiently transduced by an adenoviral vector carrying the lacZ gene. In vivo injection of Ad-lacZ into the nucleus pulposus resulted in the transduction of a considerable number of cells. Marker gene expression in vivo persisted at an apparently undiminished level for at least 12 weeks. No staining was noted in control discs. CONCLUSIONS The results show the feasibility of adenovirus-mediated gene transfer to the intervertebral disc. Expression of the marker gene persisted at least 12 weeks in vivo. This successful demonstration of exogenous gene transfer to the disc and sustained, long-term expression suggests that the adenoviral vector may be suitable for delivery of appropriate genes to the disc for the treatment of spinal disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Nishida
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pennsylvania, USA
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