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Mohammadzadeh S, Kiani A, Amiri M. Lycopene modulates hepatic toxicity and testicular injury induced by etoposide in male rats. F&S SCIENCE 2023; 4:30-35. [PMID: 35940575 DOI: 10.1016/j.xfss.2022.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Lycopene (C40H56), a carotenoid found in red colour fruits, is known as a powerful antioxidant that protects cells from damage caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS). Etoposide inhibits topoisomerase II activity and restricts the development of cancer cells, though it establishes oxidative stress. To study the effect of lycopene (Ly) against hepatotoxicity and testis injury induced by etoposide in male rats. ANIMALS Forty male Wister albino rats. SETTINGS The experiment lasted for seven consecutive weeks including one week as acclimatization time. DESIGN The experiment was in a completely randomized design with a 2×2 factorial arrangement. INTERVENTION(S) The animals were grouped as follow: No etoposide injection and no lycopene (control), lycopene supplementation (LY), etoposide injection (ET), and rats with etoposide injection and lycopene supplement (ET+LY). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) At the end of the experiment, rats were sacrificed by cervical dislocation. Blood samples were harvested and analyzed for serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein-Cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), total cholesterol (TC), Total Protein (TP), glucose (GLU) and testosterone. The left testis was manipulated for histological examination. RESULT(S) The result of experiment showed that rats with etoposide injection had higher ALT, AST, and ALP than the control rats. In contrast co-treated rats (ET+LY) significantly modulated the levels of the hepatic parameters. Administration of lycopene increased testosterone concentration and germinal epithelium of seminiferous tubules in testes rats. CONCLUSION(S) Lycopene might be a promising agent with hepatoprotective effect in restoring testis injury induced by etoposide in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saied Mohammadzadeh
- Department of Animal Science, Lorestan University, Khorram Abad, Lorestan Province, Iran.
| | - Ali Kiani
- Department of Animal Science, Lorestan University, Khorram Abad, Lorestan Province, Iran
| | - Mosayeb Amiri
- Department of Animal Science, Lorestan University, Khorram Abad, Lorestan Province, Iran
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Yao Y, Zhang J, Tian P, Li L, Huang X, Nawutayi M, Huang Y, Zhang C. Passive smoking induces rat testicular injury via the FAS/FASL pathway. Drug Chem Toxicol 2022; 45:61-69. [PMID: 31476926 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2019.1659807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 07/27/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The mechanisms by which cigarette smoke (CS) exposure has a detrimental effect on the male reproductive system is still not fully understood. We aimed to elucidate the role of cigarette smoke-induced injury by the Fas/FasL pathway by using a Sprague-Dawley rat model of cigarette smoking exposure. Here, 200 rats were randomaly divided into five groups with different smoking exposure durations. Forty animals per group were further divided into four groups: a control group, and groups exposed to cigarette smoke at doses of 10, 20 or 30 cigarettes/day. The testes were harvested and the effects of CS exposure on the testis were characterized on the basis of morphological changes, oxidative stress, and a significant elevation in the expression of FAS/FASL pathway related genes, such as FAS, FASL, FADD, caspase 8 and caspase 3. Oxidative stress was reflected by significant time-dependent changes in SOD and GSH-Px activity, and MDA content. Taken together, our data suggest that CS exposure induces testis injury, which is related to the increased oxidative stress and activation of the FAS/FASL apoptotic pathway in the testes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanling Yao
- Department of Hygiene Toxicology, School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, P.R. China
| | - Jing Zhang
- Department of Hygiene Toxicology, School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, P.R. China
| | - Ping Tian
- Department of Hygiene Toxicology, School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, P.R. China
| | - Linlin Li
- Department of Hygiene Toxicology, School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoxi Huang
- Department of Hygiene Toxicology, School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, P.R. China
| | - Maitinashi Nawutayi
- Department of Hygiene Toxicology, School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, P.R. China
| | - Yunfei Huang
- Department of Hygiene Toxicology, School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, P.R. China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Hygiene Toxicology, School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, P.R. China
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He L, Gong H, You S, Zhang C, Zhong C, Li L. miRNA-138-5p suppresses cigarette smoke-induced apoptosis in testicular cells by targeting Caspase-3 through the Bcl-2 signaling pathway. J Biochem Mol Toxicol 2021; 35:e22783. [PMID: 33856081 DOI: 10.1002/jbt.22783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Long-term cigarette smoking (CS) can cause testicular toxicity, which interferes with normal spermatogenesis and leads to male infertility. One possible mechanism for this is the activation of the apoptosis signaling pathway, which leads to the irreversible apoptosis of testicular cells. However, the exact mechanism for this is not completely understood. Cell viability, cell apoptosis, and lactate dehydrogenase release assays were performed to elucidate the function of micro RNA (miRNA) in the pathogenesis of male testicular cell injury induced by CS. The results suggested that testicular cell injury was associated with CS both in vitro and in vivo. CS extract (CSE)-treated Leydig and Sertoli cells showed noticeable apoptosis. Based on the results of Agilent miRNA microarray and bioinformatics analyses, miRNA-138-5p was used in subsequent experiments. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction and Western blot assays showed a negative correlation between miR-138-5p and Caspase-3 expression. Transfection of miR-138-5p mimic significantly inhibited apoptosis and downregulated the expression of Caspase-3 in TM3 and TM4 cells. Furthermore, a dual-luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that miR-138-5p directly targeted Caspase-3 to regulate the apoptosis of testicular cells mediated by CSE. In addition, overexpression of miR-138-5p markedly downregulated the expression of p53 and Bak, which played critical roles in the Bcl-2 pathway. These results demonstrate that miRNA-138-5p inhibits CS-induced apoptosis in testicular cells by targeting Caspase-3 through the Bcl-2 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijuan He
- Department of Social Medicine, School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Haiyan Gong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Shuping You
- Department of Basic Nursing Teaching and Research Section, School of Nursing, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Chen Zhang
- Department of Hygiene Toxicology, School of Public Health, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Chunxue Zhong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, PR China
| | - Linlin Li
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, PR China
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Yardimci A, Akkoc RF, Tektemur A, Ulker N, Kaya Tektemur N, Erdem Guzel E, Canpolat S, Ozan IE. Chronic Maternal Tobacco Smoke Exposure and/or Alpha-Lipoic Acid Treatment Causes Long-Term Deterioration of Testis and Sexual Behavior in Adult Male Rats. J Sex Med 2020; 17:1835-1847. [PMID: 32798198 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2020.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tobacco use during pregnancy is known to have several negative effects on the offspring's reproductive health in the long term. The use of alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) as a dietary supplement during pregnancy has increased greatly in recent years and has been known to have positive effects on various pregnancy outcomes including miscarriage, diabetic embryopathy, preterm delivery, and congenital malformations. AIM To evaluate the effects of tobacco smoke exposure (TSE) on sexual behavior, reproductive parameters, and testicles in adult male rats and to reveal the possible role of ALA administration on these parameters. METHODS Pregnant rats (n = 7 per group) were treated with tobacco smoke (TS), ALA (20 mg/kg), and TS + ALA for a total of 11 weeks. The following parameters were compared with 8 control rats: puberty parameters, sexual behavior; levels of serum gonadotropins and testosterone, total antioxidant status, and total oxidant status; the expression of the apoptotic protease-activating factor-1 and caspase 9 mRNA levels in the testis; and assessment of immunohistochemistry and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling assay of testis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Sexual behavior, changes in puberty parameters, and hormonal and genetic alterations were the outcomes analyzed in this study. RESULTS Maternal TSE caused a significant decrease in the number of intromissions compared to the control group. Similarly, ALA decreased erectile function in sexual behavior by decreasing the number of intromissions and intromission ratio in the ALA group compared to the control group. In addition, TSE and ALA treatment caused an impairment of some consummatory sexual behaviors. Also, in parallel with this inhibitory effect, the age of pubertal onset was significantly delayed in the TS + ALA group compared to other groups. Also, histopathological changes in testicular tissue, oxidative stress markers, apoptotic index, and mRNA levels of apoptosis-related genes increased in all treatment groups. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS The use of ALA and/or tobacco products during pregnancy may adversely affect the reproductive health of male newborns in the long term. STRENGTHS & LIMITATIONS To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first to show the effects of maternal ALA treatment and/or TSE on the sexual behavior and reproductive parameters in male rats; however, the study is based on an animal model, and the present findings partially reflect the characteristics of human sexual behavior. CONCLUSION Maternal TSE and/or ALA treatment may impair sexual behavior in adulthood in male rats because of testicular damage caused by oxidative stress during gonadal development. Yardimci A, Akkoc RF, Tektemur A, et al. Chronic Maternal Tobacco Smoke Exposure and/or Alpha-Lipoic Acid Treatment Causes Long-Term Deterioration of Testis and Sexual Behavior in Adult Male Rats. J Sex Med 2020;17:1835-1847.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmet Yardimci
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey.
| | - Ramazan Fazil Akkoc
- Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Tektemur
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Nazife Ulker
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Nalan Kaya Tektemur
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Elif Erdem Guzel
- Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Health Sciences, Mardin Artuklu University, Mardin, Turkey
| | - Sinan Canpolat
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
| | - Ibrahim Enver Ozan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey
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BCL-w: apoptotic and non-apoptotic role in health and disease. Cell Death Dis 2020; 11:260. [PMID: 32317622 PMCID: PMC7174325 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-020-2417-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2019] [Revised: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The BCL-2 family of proteins integrates signals that trigger either cell survival or apoptosis. The balance between pro-survival and pro-apoptotic proteins is important for tissue development and homeostasis, while impaired apoptosis contributes to several pathologies and can be a barrier against effective treatment. BCL-w is an anti-apoptotic protein that shares a sequence similarity with BCL-XL, and exhibits a high conformational flexibility. BCL-w level is controlled by a number of signaling pathways, and the repertoire of transcriptional regulators largely depends on the cellular and developmental context. As only a few disease-relevant genetic alterations of BCL2L2 have been identified, increased levels of BCL-w might be a consequence of abnormal activation of signaling cascades involved in the regulation of BCL-w expression. In addition, BCL-w transcript is a target of a plethora of miRNAs. Besides its originally recognized pro-survival function during spermatogenesis, BCL-w has been envisaged in different types of normal and diseased cells as an anti-apoptotic protein. BCL-w contributes to survival of senescent and drug-resistant cells. Its non-apoptotic role in the promotion of cell migration and invasion has also been elucidated. Growing evidence indicates that a high BCL-w level can be therapeutically relevant in neurodegenerative disorders, neuron dysfunctions and after small intestinal resection, whereas BCL-w inhibition can be beneficial for cancer patients. Although several drugs and natural compounds can bi-directionally affect BCL-w level, agents that selectively target BCL-w are not yet available. This review discusses current knowledge on the role of BCL-w in health, non-cancerous diseases and cancer.
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Wu D, Ma Y, Cao Y, Zhang T. Mitochondrial toxicity of nanomaterials. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 702:134994. [PMID: 31715400 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.134994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/14/2019] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, nanomaterials have been widely applied in electronics, food, biomedicine and other fields, resulting in increased human exposure and consequent research focus on their biological and toxic effects. Mitochondria, the main target organelle for nanomaterials (NM), play a critical role in their toxic activities. Several studies to date have shown that nanomaterials cause alterations in mitochondrial morphology, mitochondrial membrane potential, opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) and mitochondrial respiratory function, and promote cytochrome C release. An earlier mitochondrial toxicity study of NMs additionally reported induction of mitochondrial dynamic changes. Here, we have reviewed the mitochondrial toxicity of NMs and provided a scientific basis for the contribution of mitochondria to the toxicological effects of different NMs along with approaches to reduce mitochondrial and, consequently, overall toxicity of NMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daming Wu
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ying Ma
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yuna Cao
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Aly H. Testicular toxicity of gentamicin in adult rats: Ameliorative effect of lycopene. Hum Exp Toxicol 2019; 38:1302-1313. [PMID: 31319718 DOI: 10.1177/0960327119864160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The current study was aimed to investigate the ameliorative effect of lycopene against gentamicin-induced testicular toxicity in adult rat testes. Pretreatment with lycopene (4 mg/kg/day) significantly prevented the decrease in the absolute testes weight and relative testes weight and the reduction in sperm count, motility, viability, and daily sperm production in gentamicin (100 mg/kg/day)-treated rats. Gentamicin significantly decreased the level of serum testosterone and testicular lactate dehydrogenase-X and G6PDH activities but a marked increase was observed upon pretreatment with lycopene. Testicular caspase-3 and -9 activities were significantly increased but lycopene showed significant protection from gentamicin-induced apoptosis. Oxidative stress was induced by gentamicin treatment as evidenced by increased hydrogen peroxide level and lipid peroxidation and decreased the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase activities and glutathione content. These alterations were effectively prevented by lycopene pretreatment. Histopathological examination showed loss of spermatogenesis and morphological abnormalities of the testis after treatment with gentamycin. These abnormalities were effectively normalized by pretreatment with lycopene. In conclusion, gentamicin decreases rat testes weight and inhibits spermatogenesis. It induces oxidative stress and apoptosis by possible mitochondrial dysfunction. These data provide insight into the mode of action of gentamicin-induced testicular toxicity and the beneficial role provided by lycopene to restore the suppressed spermatogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haa Aly
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
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