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Que Y, Qiu Y, Ding Z, Zhang S, Wei R, Xia J, Lin Y. The role of molecular chaperone CCT/TRiC in translation elongation: A literature review. Heliyon 2024; 10:e29029. [PMID: 38596045 PMCID: PMC11002246 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e29029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Protein synthesis from mRNA is an energy-intensive and strictly controlled biological process. Translation elongation is a well-coordinated and multifactorial step in translation that ensures the accurate and efficient addition of amino acids to a growing nascent-peptide chain encoded in the sequence of messenger RNA (mRNA). Which undergoes dynamic regulation due to cellular state and environmental determinants. An expanding body of research points to translational elongation as a crucial process that controls the translation of an mRNA through multiple feedback mechanisms. Molecular chaperones are key players in protein homeostasis to keep the balance between protein synthesis, folding, assembly, and degradation. Chaperonin-containing tailless complex polypeptide 1 (CCT) or tailless complex polypeptide 1 ring complex (TRiC) is an essential eukaryotic molecular chaperone that plays an essential role in assisting cellular protein folding and suppressing protein aggregation. In this review, we give an overview of the factors that influence translation elongation, focusing on different functions of molecular chaperones in translation elongation, including how they affect translation rates and post-translational modifications. We also provide an understanding of the mechanisms by which the molecular chaperone CCT plays multiple roles in the elongation phase of eukaryotic protein synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yueyue Que
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Yudan Qiu
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Zheyu Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Rong Wei
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Jianing Xia
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
| | - Yingying Lin
- School of Pharmacy, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
- Key Laboratory of Elemene Class Anti-Cancer Chinese Medicines, Engineering Laboratory of Development and Application of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Collaborative Innovation Center of Traditional Chinese Medicines of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China
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Runemark A, Moore EC, Larson EL. Hybridization and gene expression: Beyond differentially expressed genes. Mol Ecol 2024:e17303. [PMID: 38411307 DOI: 10.1111/mec.17303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 02/15/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Gene expression has a key role in reproductive isolation, and studies of hybrid gene expression have identified mechanisms causing hybrid sterility. Here, we review the evidence for altered gene expression following hybridization and outline the mechanisms shown to contribute to altered gene expression in hybrids. Transgressive gene expression, transcending that of both parental species, is pervasive in early generation sterile hybrids, but also frequently observed in viable, fertile hybrids. We highlight studies showing that hybridization can result in transgressive gene expression, also in established hybrid lineages or species. Such extreme patterns of gene expression in stabilized hybrid taxa suggest that altered hybrid gene expression may result in hybridization-derived evolutionary novelty. We also conclude that while patterns of misexpression in hybrids are well documented, the understanding of the mechanisms causing misexpression is lagging. We argue that jointly assessing differences in cell composition and cell-specific changes in gene expression in hybrids, in addition to assessing changes in chromatin and methylation, will significantly advance our understanding of the basis of altered gene expression. Moreover, uncovering to what extent evolution of gene expression results in altered expression for individual genes, or entire networks of genes, will advance our understanding of how selection moulds gene expression. Finally, we argue that jointly studying the dual roles of altered hybrid gene expression, serving both as a mechanism for reproductive isolation and as a substrate for hybrid ecological adaptation, will lead to significant advances in our understanding of the evolution of gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Runemark
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Emily C Moore
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado, USA
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
| | - Erica L Larson
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of Denver, Denver, Colorado, USA
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Zheng QY, Lu QF, Liu J, Liu N, Huang XL, Huang F, Hu CH, Xu CL. Effect of MnTBAP on sperm ultra-rapid freezing and its proteomics study. Cryobiology 2023:S0011-2240(23)00004-4. [PMID: 36642193 DOI: 10.1016/j.cryobiol.2023.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2022] [Revised: 01/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
MnTBAP is a new synthetic antioxidant that has been used for the cryopreservation of sperm. However, the exact mechanism of its cryoprotection at the molecular level is largely unknown. Therefore, in this study, normal human semen samples were selected and MnTBAP (0, 5, 10, 20, 40 μM) was added to sperm freezing medium to assess changes in kinetics parameters, apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS), and DNA fragmentation index (DFI) after sperm ultra-rapid freezing. The tandem masstagging (TMT) proteomics technique was used to further investigate the changes in proteins after sperm ultra-rapid freezing. The kinetic parameters of sperm after ultra-rapid freezing and thawing were significantly reduced and apoptosis, ROS production and DFI were significantly increased. The addition of 40 μM MnTBAP improved the kinetic parameters, while it reduced apoptosis, ROS production, and DFI of sperm after ultra-rapid freezing and thawing (P < 0.05). Compared with the fresh semen, 1978 differential proteins were identified in the frozen-thawed sperm without MnTBAP and 1888 differential proteins were identified in the frozen-thawed sperm with MnTBAP (40 μM) added. The proteins affected during ultra-rapid freezing were mainly related to sperm metabolism, flagellar structure motility, apoptosis, intracellular signaling, capacitation and fertilization, while the addition of MnTBAP reduced the alterations of these proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi-Yuan Zheng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Qing-Fang Lu
- Medical College, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Juan Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Nian Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Xi-Ling Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Fang Huang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Chuan-Huo Hu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China.
| | - Chang-Long Xu
- The Reproductive Medical Center, Nanning Second People's Hospital, Nanning, China.
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Cheng P, Wang C, Zhang L, Fei C, Liu Y, Wang M, Zhang K, Wang X, Gu F, Xue F. Label-free quantitative proteomic analysis of ethanamizuril-resistant versus -sensitive strains of Eimeria tenella. Parasit Vectors 2022; 15:319. [PMID: 36076292 PMCID: PMC9454127 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-022-05412-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Avian coccidiosis is an important parasitic disease that has serious adverse effects on the global poultry industry. The extensive use of anticoccidial drugs has resulted in an increase in drug resistance. Ethanamizuril (EZL) is a novel triazine with high anticoccidial activity. Methods We compared oocyst production and sporulation between EZL-sensitive (S) and EZL-resistant Eimeria tenella strains (R10 and R200) and used label-free quantitative proteomics to identify differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) between these strains. Results We generated two EZL-resistant E. tenella strains: strain R10, which was induced using a constant dose of 10 mg EZL/kg poultry feed, and strain R200, which was generated by gradually increasing the EZL dosage to 200 mg EZL/kg poultry feed. With an increase in resistance, the total oocyst output decreased, but the percentage of sporulation did not change significantly. We identified a total of 7511 peptides and 1282 proteins, and found 152 DEPs in the R10 strain versus the S strain, 426 DEPs in the R200 strain versus the S strain and 494 DEPs in the R200 strain versus the R10 strain. When compared with the S strain, 86 DEPs were found to have consistent trends in both resistant strains. The DEPs were primarily involved in ATP and GTP binding, invasion, and membrane components. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway analyses of the DEPs suggested that they are involved in transcription and translation processes. Protein–protein interaction network analysis of the 86 DEPs showed that 10 proteins were hubs in the functional interaction network (≥ 8 edges) and five of them were ribosomal proteins. Conclusions The results of the present study indicate that the resistance mechanisms of E. tenella against EZL might be related to the transcriptional and translational processes, especially in the factors that inhibit the growth of parasites. The DEPs found in this study provide new insights into the resistance mechanisms of E. tenella against EZL. Further research on these potential targets holds promise for new chemotherapeutic approaches for controlling E. tenella infections. Graphical Abstract ![]()
Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13071-022-05412-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peipei Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Chemical Drugs and Pharmaceutics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 518 Ziyue Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Chunmei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Chemical Drugs and Pharmaceutics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 518 Ziyue Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200241, China.
| | - Lifang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Chemical Drugs and Pharmaceutics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 518 Ziyue Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Chenzhong Fei
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Chemical Drugs and Pharmaceutics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 518 Ziyue Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Yingchun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Chemical Drugs and Pharmaceutics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 518 Ziyue Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Mi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Chemical Drugs and Pharmaceutics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 518 Ziyue Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Keyu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Chemical Drugs and Pharmaceutics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 518 Ziyue Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Xiaoyang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Chemical Drugs and Pharmaceutics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 518 Ziyue Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Feng Gu
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Chemical Drugs and Pharmaceutics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 518 Ziyue Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200241, China
| | - Feiqun Xue
- Key Laboratory of Veterinary Chemical Drugs and Pharmaceutics, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 518 Ziyue Road, Minhang District, Shanghai, 200241, China.
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Yazdi HP, Ravinet M, Rowe M, Saetre GP, Guldvog CØ, Eroukhmanoff F, Marzal A, Magallanes S, Runemark A. Extensive transgressive gene expression in testis but not ovary in the homoploid hybrid Italian sparrow. Mol Ecol 2022; 31:4067-4077. [PMID: 35726533 PMCID: PMC9542029 DOI: 10.1111/mec.16572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Hybridization can result in novel allelic combinations which can impact the hybrid phenotype through changes in gene expression. While misexpression in F1 hybrids is well documented, how gene expression evolves in stabilized hybrid taxa remains an open question. As gene expression evolves in a stabilizing manner, break‐up of co‐evolved cis‐ and trans‐regulatory elements could lead to transgressive patterns of gene expression in hybrids. Here, we address to what extent gonad gene expression has evolved in an established and stable homoploid hybrid, the Italian sparrow (Passer italiae). Through comparison of gene expression in gonads from individuals of the two parental species (i.e., house and Spanish sparrow) to that of Italian sparrows, we find evidence for strongly transgressive expression in male Italian sparrows—2530 genes (22% of testis genes tested for inheritance) exhibit expression patterns outside the range of both parent species. In contrast, Italian sparrow ovary expression was similar to that of one of the parent species, the house sparrow (Passer domesticus). Moreover, the Italian sparrow testis transcriptome is 26 times as diverged from those of the parent species as the parental transcriptomes are from each other, despite being genetically intermediate. This highlights the potential for regulation of gene expression to produce novel variation following hybridization. Genes involved in mitochondrial respiratory chain complexes and protein synthesis are enriched in the subset that is over‐dominantly expressed in Italian sparrow testis, suggesting that selection on key functions has moulded the hybrid Italian sparrow transcriptome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mark Ravinet
- School of Life Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Melissah Rowe
- Department of Animal Ecology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), AB, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Glenn-Peter Saetre
- Department of Biosciences, Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, University of Oslo, PO, Oslo, Norway
| | - Caroline Øien Guldvog
- Department of Biosciences, Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, University of Oslo, PO, Oslo, Norway
| | - Fabrice Eroukhmanoff
- Department of Biosciences, Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis, University of Oslo, PO, Oslo, Norway
| | - Alfonso Marzal
- Department of Anatomy, Cellular Biology and Zoology, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Sergio Magallanes
- Department of Anatomy, Cellular Biology and Zoology, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain.,Department of Wetland Ecology, Doñana Biological Station (EBD-CSIC), Avda. Américo Vespucio, 41092, Seville, Spain
| | - Anna Runemark
- Department of Biology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Analysis of Morphogenesis and Flagellar Assembly During Spermatogenesis in Planarian Flatworms. Methods Mol Biol 2022; 2364:199-216. [PMID: 34542855 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1661-1_10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Spermatogenesis is one of the most dramatic cellular differentiation events observed in animals. In particular, spermiogenesis (the final stage of spermatogenesis) involves extensive shedding of cytoplasmic organelles, dramatic nuclear rearrangements, and assembly of long flagellar structures. In planarian flatworms, the spherical nucleus present in round spermatids elongates to produce the filamentous nucleus of mature sperm. Newly formed cortical microtubules participate in cytoskeletal rearrangements observed during spermiogenesis and remain present in sperm. In addition, a pair of flagella assemble at one end of each spermatid in a process that likely involves de novo formation of centrioles. This chapter includes a brief introduction to planarian spermatogenesis and current tools for the analysis of molecular players in this process. Step-by-step protocols for isolating and imaging spermatogenic cells are provided with enough detail to be carried out by newcomers to the field who would like to study this unique organism in the laboratory.
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7
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Gutiérrez-Gutiérrez Ó, Felix DA, Salvetti A, Amro EM, Thems A, Pietsch S, Koeberle A, Rudolph KL, González-Estévez C. Regeneration in starved planarians depends on TRiC/CCT subunits modulating the unfolded protein response. EMBO Rep 2021; 22:e52905. [PMID: 34190393 PMCID: PMC8344900 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202152905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Planarians are able to stand long periods of starvation by maintaining adult stem cell pools and regenerative capacity. The molecular pathways that are needed for the maintenance of regeneration during starvation are not known. Here, we show that down‐regulation of chaperonin TRiC/CCT subunits abrogates the regeneration capacity of planarians during starvation, but TRiC/CCT subunits are dispensable for regeneration in fed planarians. Under starvation, they are required to maintain mitotic fidelity and for blastema formation. We show that TRiC subunits modulate the unfolded protein response (UPR) and are required to maintain ATP levels in starved planarians. Regenerative defects in starved CCT‐depleted planarians can be rescued by either chemical induction of mild endoplasmic reticulum stress, which leads to induction of the UPR, or by the supplementation of fatty acids. Together, these results indicate that CCT‐dependent UPR induction promotes regeneration of planarians under food restriction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel A Felix
- Leibniz Institute on Aging-Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
| | - Alessandra Salvetti
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Unit of Experimental Biology and Genetics, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Elias M Amro
- Leibniz Institute on Aging-Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
| | - Anne Thems
- Leibniz Institute on Aging-Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
| | - Stefan Pietsch
- Leibniz Institute on Aging-Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
| | - Andreas Koeberle
- Chair of Pharmaceutical/Medicinal Chemistry, Institute of Pharmacy, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Jena, Germany.,Michael Popp Institute and Center for Molecular Biosciences Innsbruck (CMBI), University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - K Lenhard Rudolph
- Leibniz Institute on Aging-Fritz Lipmann Institute (FLI), Jena, Germany
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Yang P, Tang W, Li H, Hua R, Yuan Y, Zhang Y, Zhu Y, Cui Y, Sha J. T-complex protein 1 subunit zeta-2 (CCT6B) deficiency induces murine teratospermia. PeerJ 2021; 9:e11545. [PMID: 34141486 PMCID: PMC8176918 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.11545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The CCT complex is an important mediator of microtubule assembly and intracellular protein folding. Owing to its high expression in spermatids, CCT knockdown can disrupt spermatogenesis. In the present report, we therefore evaluated the in vivo functionality of the testis-specific CCT complex component CCT6B using a murine knockout model system. Methods A CRISPR/Cas9 approach was used to generate Cct6b−/− mice, after which candidate gene expression in these animals was evaluated via qPCR and Western blotting. Testicular and epididymal phenotypes were assessed through histological and immunofluorescent staining assays, while a computer-assisted sperm analyzer was employed to assess semen quality. Results Cct6b−/− mice were successfully generated, and exhibited no differences in development, fertility, appearance, testis weight, or sperm counts relative to control littermates. In addition, no differences in spermatogenesis were detected when comparingCct6b+/+ and Cct6b−/− testes. However, when progressive motility was analyzed, the ratio of normal sperm was significantly decreased in Cct6b−/− male mice, with nuclear base bending being the primary detected abnormality. In addition, slight decreases in Cct4 and Cct7 expression were detected. Conclusion These data indicated that CCT6B is an important regulator of murine spermatogenesis, with the loss of this protein resulting in CCT complex dysfunction, providing a foundation for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peiyin Yang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenjing Tang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Huiling Li
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rong Hua
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yan Yuan
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yunfei Zhu
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yiqiang Cui
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiahao Sha
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Zheng M, Chen X, Cui Y, Li W, Dai H, Yue Q, Zhang H, Zheng Y, Guo X, Zhu H. TULP2, a New RNA-Binding Protein, Is Required for Mouse Spermatid Differentiation and Male Fertility. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:623738. [PMID: 33763418 PMCID: PMC7982829 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.623738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Spermatogenesis requires a large number of proteins to be properly expressed at certain stages, during which post-transcriptional regulation plays an important role. RNA-binding proteins (RBPs) are key players in post-transcriptional regulation, but only a few RBPs have been recognized and preliminary explored their function in spermatogenesis at present. Here we identified a new RBP tubby-like protein 2 (TULP2) and found three potential deleterious missense mutations of Tulp2 gene in dyszoospermia patients. Therefore, we explored the function and mechanism of TULP2 in male reproduction. TULP2 was specifically expressed in the testis and localized to spermatids. Studies on Tulp2 knockout mice demonstrated that the loss of TULP2 led to male sterility; on the one hand, increases in elongated spermatid apoptosis and restricted spermatid release resulted in a decreased sperm count; on the other hand, the abnormal differentiation of spermatids induced defective sperm tail structures and reduced ATP contents, influencing sperm motility. Transcriptome sequencing of mouse testis revealed the potential target molecular network of TULP2, which played its role in spermatogenesis by regulating specific transcripts related to the cytoskeleton, apoptosis, RNA metabolism and biosynthesis, and energy metabolism. We also explored the potential regulator of TULP2 protein function by using immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry analysis, indicating that TUPL2 might be recognized by CCT8 and correctly folded by the CCT complex to play a role in spermiogenesis. Our results demonstrated the important role of TULP2 in spermatid differentiation and male fertility, which could provide an effective target for the clinical diagnosis and treatment of patients with oligo-astheno-teratozoospermia, and enrich the biological theory of the role of RBPs in male reproduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meimei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Reproductive Medicine Center of No. 960 Hospital of PLA, Jinan, China
| | - Xu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yiqiang Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haiqian Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qiuling Yue
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Ying Zheng
- Department of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Xuejiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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10
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Zhang P, Huang Y, Fu Q, He W, Xiao K, Zhang M. Integrated analysis of phosphoproteome and ubiquitylome in epididymal sperm of buffalo (Bubalus bubalis). Mol Reprod Dev 2021; 88:15-33. [PMID: 33140506 PMCID: PMC7894524 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2020] [Revised: 09/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In mammals, sperm need to mature in the epididymis to gain fertilization competency. However, the molecular mechanism underlying buffalo sperm maturation remains elusive. Exploring sperm physiology at the posttranslational modification (PTM) level could help to develop our understanding of these mechanisms. Protein phosphorylation and ubiquitination are major PTMs in the regulation of many biological processes. In the present study, to our knowledge, we report the first phosphoproteome and ubiquitylome of sperm collected from the caput, corpus, and cauda segments of the epididymis using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry combined with affinity purification. In total, 647 phosphorylation sites in 294 proteins and 1063 ubiquitination sites in 446 proteins were characterized. Some of these proteins were associated with cellular developmental processes and energy metabolic pathways. Interestingly, 84 proteins were both phosphorylated and ubiquitinated, simultaneously. Some of these proteins were involved in, for example, spermatogenesis, reproduction, and spermatid development. Taken together, these data provide a theoretical basis for further functional analysis of phosphorylation and ubiquitination in epididymal sperm of buffalo and other mammals, and serve as an important resource for exploring the physiological mechanism underlying sperm maturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng‐fei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐Bioresources, Animal Reproduction InstituteGuangxi UniversityNanningGuangxiChina
| | - Yu‐lin Huang
- Department of Cell and Genetics, College of Basic MedicineGuangxi University of Chinese MedicineNanningGuangxiChina
| | - Qiang Fu
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐Bioresources, Animal Reproduction InstituteGuangxi UniversityNanningGuangxiChina
| | - Weng‐tan He
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐Bioresources, Animal Reproduction InstituteGuangxi UniversityNanningGuangxiChina
| | - Kai Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐Bioresources, Animal Reproduction InstituteGuangxi UniversityNanningGuangxiChina
| | - Ming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro‐Bioresources, Animal Reproduction InstituteGuangxi UniversityNanningGuangxiChina
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Magley RA, Rouhana L. Tau tubulin kinase is required for spermatogenesis and development of motile cilia in planarian flatworms. Mol Biol Cell 2019; 30:2155-2170. [PMID: 31141462 PMCID: PMC6743461 DOI: 10.1091/mbc.e18-10-0663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cilia are microtubule-based structures that protrude from the apical surface of cells to mediate motility, transport, intracellular signaling, and environmental sensing. Tau tubulin kinases (TTBKs) destabilize microtubules by phosphorylating microtubule-associated proteins (MAPs) of the MAP2/Tau family, but also contribute to the assembly of primary cilia during embryogenesis. Expression of TTBKs is enriched in testicular tissue, but their relevance to reproductive processes is unknown. We identified six TTBK homologues in the genome of the planarian Schmidtea mediterranea (Smed-TTBK-a, -b, -c, -d, -e, and -f), all of which are preferentially expressed in testes. Inhibition of TTBK paralogues by RNA interference (RNAi) revealed a specific requirement for Smed-TTBK-d in postmeiotic regulation of spermatogenesis. Disrupting expression of Smed-TTBK-d results in loss of spermatozoa, but not spermatids. In the soma, Smed-TTBK-d RNAi impaired the function of multiciliated epidermal cells in propelling planarian movement, as well as the osmoregulatory function of protonephridia. Decreased density and structural defects of motile cilia were observed in the epidermis of Smed-TTBK-d(RNAi) by phase contrast, immunofluorescence, and transmission electron microscopy. Altogether, these results demonstrate that members of the TTBK family of proteins are postmeiotic regulators of sperm development and also contribute to the formation of motile cilia in the soma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Alan Magley
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wright State University, Dayton, OH 45435
| | - Labib Rouhana
- Department of Biological Sciences, Wright State University, Dayton, OH 45435
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Sekii K, Yorimoto S, Okamoto H, Nagao N, Maezawa T, Matsui Y, Yamaguchi K, Furukawa R, Shigenobu S, Kobayashi K. Transcriptomic analysis reveals differences in the regulation of amino acid metabolism in asexual and sexual planarians. Sci Rep 2019; 9:6132. [PMID: 30992461 PMCID: PMC6467871 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-42025-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Many flatworms can alternate between asexual and sexual reproduction. This is a powerful reproductive strategy enabling them to benefit from the features of the two reproductive modes, namely, rapid multiplication and genetic shuffling. The two reproductive modes are enabled by the presence of pluripotent adult stem cells (neoblasts), by generating any type of tissue in the asexual mode, and producing and maintaining germ cells in the sexual mode. In the current study, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was used to compare the transcriptomes of two phenotypes of the planarian Dugesia ryukyuensis: an asexual OH strain and an experimentally sexualized OH strain. Pathway enrichment analysis revealed striking differences in amino acid metabolism in the two worm types. Further, the analysis identified serotonin as a new bioactive substance that induced the planarian ovary de novo in a postembryonic manner. These findings suggest that different metabolic states and physiological conditions evoked by sex-inducing substances likely modulate stem cell behavior, depending on their different function in the asexual and sexual reproductive modes. The combination of RNA-seq and a feeding assay in D. ryukyuensis is a powerful tool for studying the alternation of reproductive modes, disentangling the relationship between gene expression and chemical signaling molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyono Sekii
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori, 036-8561, Japan
| | - Shunta Yorimoto
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori, 036-8561, Japan
| | - Hikaru Okamoto
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori, 036-8561, Japan
| | - Nanna Nagao
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori, 036-8561, Japan
| | - Takanobu Maezawa
- Department of Integrated Science and Technology, National Institute of Technology, Tsuyama College, 624-1 Numa, Tsuyama, Okayama, 708-8509, Japan
| | - Yasuhisa Matsui
- Cell Resource Center for Biomedical Research, Institute of Development, Aging and Cancer, Tohoku University, 4-1 Seiryo-machi, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Katsushi Yamaguchi
- NIBB Core Research Facilities, National Institute for Basic Biology, 38 Nishigonaka Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan
| | - Ryohei Furukawa
- Division of Biomedical Information Analysis, Iwate Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Iwate Medical University, 2-1-1 Nishitokuda, Yanaba-cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate, 028-3694, Japan. .,Department of Biology, Research and Education Center for Natural Sciences, Keio University, 4-1-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 223-8521, Japan.
| | - Shuji Shigenobu
- NIBB Core Research Facilities, National Institute for Basic Biology, 38 Nishigonaka Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan. .,Department of Basic Biology, School of Life Science, SOKENDAI (The Graduate University for Advanced Studies), 38 Nishigonaka Myodaiji, Okazaki, 444-8585, Japan.
| | - Kazuya Kobayashi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Agriculture and Life Science, Hirosaki University, 3 Bunkyo-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori, 036-8561, Japan.
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Abstract
The eukaryotic group II chaperonin TRiC/CCT assists the folding of 10% of cytosolic proteins including many key structural and regulatory proteins. TRiC plays an essential role in maintaining protein homeostasis, and dysfunction of TRiC is closely related to human diseases including cancer and neurodegenerative diseases. TRiC consists of eight paralogous subunits, each of which plays a specific role in the assembly, allosteric cooperativity, and substrate recognition and folding of this complex macromolecular machine. TRiC-mediated substrate folding is regulated through its ATP-driven conformational changes. In recent years, progresses have been made on the structure, subunit arrangement, conformational cycle, and substrate folding of TRiC. Additionally, accumulating evidences also demonstrate the linkage between TRiC oligomer or monomer and diseases. In this review, we focus on the TRiC structure itself, TRiC assisted substrate folding, TRiC and disease, and the potential therapeutic application of TRiC in various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingliang Jin
- National Center for Protein Science Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Caixuan Liu
- National Center for Protein Science Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenyu Han
- National Center for Protein Science Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Yao Cong
- National Center for Protein Science Shanghai, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
- Shanghai Science Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China.
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14
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The structure and evolution of eukaryotic chaperonin-containing TCP-1 and its mechanism that folds actin into a protein spring. Biochem J 2018; 475:3009-3034. [DOI: 10.1042/bcj20170378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2018] [Revised: 08/16/2018] [Accepted: 08/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Actin is folded to its native state in eukaryotic cytosol by the sequential allosteric mechanism of the chaperonin-containing TCP-1 (CCT). The CCT machine is a double-ring ATPase built from eight related subunits, CCT1–CCT8. Non-native actin interacts with specific subunits and is annealed slowly through sequential binding and hydrolysis of ATP around and across the ring system. CCT releases a folded but soft ATP-G-actin monomer which is trapped 80 kJ/mol uphill on the folding energy surface by its ATP-Mg2+/Ca2+ clasp. The energy landscape can be re-explored in the actin filament, F-actin, because ATP hydrolysis produces dehydrated and more compact ADP-actin monomers which, upon application of force and strain, are opened and closed like the elements of a spring. Actin-based myosin motor systems underpin a multitude of force generation processes in cells and muscles. We propose that the water surface of F-actin acts as a low-binding energy, directional waveguide which is recognized specifically by the myosin lever-arm domain before the system engages to form the tight-binding actomyosin complex. Such a water-mediated recognition process between actin and myosin would enable symmetry breaking through fast, low energy initial binding events. The origin of chaperonins and the subsequent emergence of the CCT–actin system in LECA (last eukaryotic common ancestor) point to the critical role of CCT in facilitating phagocytosis during early eukaryotic evolution and the transition from the bacterial world. The coupling of CCT-folding fluxes to the cell cycle, cell size control networks and cancer are discussed together with directions for further research.
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