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Costa KA, Barbosa LMDR, Marques DBD, da Silva W, Camilo BS, de Souza Netto DL, Saraiva A, Guimarães JD, Guimarães SEF. Supplementation of l-arginine in pregnant gilts affects the protein abundance of DNMT1 in 35-day fetuses. Anim Reprod Sci 2024; 270:107574. [PMID: 39167962 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2024] [Revised: 08/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/04/2024] [Indexed: 08/23/2024]
Abstract
Maternal nutrition is one of the main environmental factors regulating gene expression during fetal development through epigenetic modifications. Some nutrients, such as the amino acid l-arginine, are added to maternal diets to modulate gene expression, improve the reproductive performance of females, and enhance conceptus development. This study investigated the hypothesis that supplementation of pregnant gilts with l-arginine regulates gene expression in conceptuses through epigenetic mechanisms. For this, fetal programming phenotypic markers, the expression of key epigenetic genes, and the abundance of DNA methylation proteins (DNMT3A and DNMT1) were evaluated in 25- and 35-day conceptuses from gilts supplemented (ARG) or not (CON) with 1.0 % l-arginine during early gestation. At 25 days, there were no significant differences in phenotypic markers between CON and ARG embryos (P > 0.05). Similarly, no differences were found between CON and ARG fetuses at 35 days (P > 0.05). Maternal supplementation with l-arginine did not influence the expression of the evaluated key epigenetic genes in pig embryos or fetuses, nor DNMT3A protein abundance (P > 0.05); on the other hand, DNMT1 protein abundance was lower in ARG fetuses (P = 0.002). It is concluded that supplementation of l-arginine in pregnant gilts affects epigenetic mechanisms, such as DNA methylation, in 35-day fetuses through regulation of DNMT1 levels. Further studies using transcriptomic and proteomic analysis could reveal additional epigenetic modifications in embryos and fetuses following maternal supplementation with l-arginine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Assis Costa
- Department of Biology and Animal Science, São Paulo State University "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Ilha Solteira, SP 15385-088, Brazil.
| | | | | | - Walmir da Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil
| | - Breno Soares Camilo
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil
| | | | - Alysson Saraiva
- Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil
| | - José Domingos Guimarães
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Federal University of Viçosa, Viçosa, MG 36570-900, Brazil
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Ghasemi Z, Alizadeh Mogadam Masouleh A, Rashki Ghaleno L, Akbarinejad V, Rezazadeh Valojerdi M, Shahverdi A. Maternal nutrition and fetal imprinting of the male progeny. Anim Reprod Sci 2024; 265:107470. [PMID: 38657462 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2024.107470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
The global population as well as the demand for human food is rapidly growing worldwide, which necessitates improvement of efficiency in livestock operations. In this context, environmental factors during fetal and/or neonatal life have been observed to influence normal physical and physiological function of an individual during adulthood, and this phenomenon is called fetal or developmental programming. While numerous studies have reported the impact of maternal factors on development of the female progeny, limited information is available on the potential effects of fetal programming on reproductive function of the male offspring. Therefore, the objective for this review article was to focus on available literature regarding the impact of maternal factors, particularly maternal nutrition, on reproductive system of the male offspring. To this end, we highlighted developmental programming of the male offspring in domestic species (i.e., pig, cow and sheep) as well as laboratory species (i.e., mice and rat) during pregnancy and lactation. In this sense, we pointed out the effects of maternal nutrition on various functions of the male offspring including hypothalamic-pituitary axis, hormonal levels, testicular tissue and semen parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahrasadat Ghasemi
- Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran; Animal Core Facility, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - AliReza Alizadeh Mogadam Masouleh
- Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran; Gyn-medicum, Center for Reproductive Medicine, Göttingen, Germany; Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
| | - Leila Rashki Ghaleno
- Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
| | - Vahid Akbarinejad
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Rezazadeh Valojerdi
- Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran; Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abdolhossein Shahverdi
- Department of Embryology, Reproductive Biomedicine Research Center, Royan Institute for Reproductive Biomedicine, ACECR, Tehran, Iran
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Chen F, Li Z, Xu Y, Huang S, Li Y, Jiang W. Non-Targeted Metabolomic Study of Fetal Growth Restriction. Metabolites 2023; 13:761. [PMID: 37367917 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13060761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 06/03/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
We aimed to explore the differential metabolites in amniotic fluid and its cells from fetuses with fetal growth restriction (FGR). A total of 28 specimens of amniotic fluid were collected, including 18 with FGR and 10 controls. Differential metabolites in all samples were detected by chromatography-mass spectrometry. Principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were used to analyze the differences in metabolic spectra between the FGR and control groups through multidimensional and single-dimensional statistical analysis. The KEGG database was used for metabolic pathway enrichment analysis. Both PCA and OPLS-DA models showed a clear separation trend between FGR and control groups. We identified 27 differentially expressed metabolites in the amniotic fluid supernatant of the two groups (p < 0.05), of which 14 metabolites were up-regulated in the FGR group, and 13 metabolites, such as glutamate, phenylalanine, valine and leucine, were down-regulated. We also identified 20 differentially expressed metabolites in the amniotic fluid cell (p < 0.05), of which 9 metabolites, including malic acid, glycolic acid and D-glycerate, were up-regulated significantly and 11 metabolites, including glyceraldehyde, were down-regulated. Pathway analysis showed that most of the identified differential metabolites were involved in tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle), ABC transport, amino acid metabolism pathways and so on. The results indicated that many metabolic changes associated with FGR, which are mainly manifested by abnormal metabolism of amino acid in amniotic fluid and abnormal glucose metabolism including TCA cycle in amniotic fluid cells, respectively. Our findings provide more data for exploring the mechanism of FGR and the potential therapy targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Chen
- Panyu Maternal and Child Care Service Centre of Guangzhou, Guangzhou 511495, China
| | - Zhi Li
- Panyu Maternal and Child Care Service Centre of Guangzhou, Guangzhou 511495, China
| | - Yanwen Xu
- Panyu Maternal and Child Care Service Centre of Guangzhou, Guangzhou 511495, China
| | - Shuang Huang
- Panyu Maternal and Child Care Service Centre of Guangzhou, Guangzhou 511495, China
| | - Yanqiu Li
- Panyu Maternal and Child Care Service Centre of Guangzhou, Guangzhou 511495, China
| | - Weiying Jiang
- Panyu Maternal and Child Care Service Centre of Guangzhou, Guangzhou 511495, China
- Department of Medical Genetics and Bioinformatics, Zhongshan Medical School, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
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Zhao S, Guo Z, Xiang W, Wang P. The neuroendocrine pathways and mechanisms for the control of the reproduction in female pigs. Anim Reprod 2021; 18:e20210063. [PMID: 34925558 PMCID: PMC8677349 DOI: 10.1590/1984-3143-ar2021-0063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Within the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonad (HPG) axis, the major hierarchical component is gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) neurons, which directly or indirectly receive regulatory inputs from a wide array of regulatory signals and pathways, involving numerous circulating hormones, neuropeptides, and neurotransmitters, and which operate as a final output for the brain control of reproduction. In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in neuropeptides that have the potential to stimulate or inhibit GnRH in the hypothalamus of pigs. Among them, Kisspeptin is a key component in the precise regulation of GnRH neuron secretion activity. Besides, other neuropeptides, including neurokinin B (NKB), neuromedin B (NMB), neuromedin S (NMS), α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), Phoenixin (PNX), show potential for having a stimulating effect on GnRH neurons. On the contrary, RFamide-related peptide-3 (RFRP-3), endogenous opioid peptides (EOP), neuropeptide Y (NPY), and Galanin (GAL) may play an inhibitory role in the regulation of porcine reproductive nerves and may directly or indirectly regulate GnRH neurons. By combining data from suitable model species and pigs, we aim to provide a comprehensive summary of our current understanding of the neuropeptides acting on GnRH neurons, with a particular focus on their central regulatory pathways and underlying molecular basis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuang Zhao
- College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Zongyi Guo
- Chongqing Academy of Animal Sciences, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Wei Xiang
- School of Advanced Agriculture and Bioengineering, Yangtze Normal University, Fuling of Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Pingqing Wang
- College of Bioengineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, P. R. China
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Latest Advances in Sow Nutrition during Early Gestation. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11061720. [PMID: 34207640 PMCID: PMC8227264 DOI: 10.3390/ani11061720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In the pig, the establishment and maintenance of luteal function in early gestation is crucial to endometrial function, embryo development, and survival. The level of feed intake has a positive effect on formation of luteal tissue and progesterone secretion by the ovaries in the pre-implantation period, which is important for endometrial remodeling and secretion. These effects are independent of luteinising hormone (LH) and probably driven by metabolic cues, such as insulin and insulin-like growth factor (IGF-1), and seem to support progesterone secretion and delivery to the endometrium, the latter which occurs directly, bypassing the systemic circulation. Even after implantation, a high feed intake seems to improve embryo survival and the maintenance of pregnancy. In this stage, luteal function is LH-dependent, although normal variations in energy intake may not result in pregnancy failure, but may contribute to nutrient supply to the embryos, since in this phase uterine capacity becomes limiting. Feed incidents, however, such as unintended fasting of animals or severe competition for feed, may result in embryo or even pregnancy loss, especially in periods of seasonal infertility. Specific nutrients such as arginine have a role in the vascularisation of the placenta and can improve the uterine capacity in the period after implantation.
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Teixeira SA, Marques DBD, Costa TC, Oliveira HC, Costa KA, Carrara ER, da Silva W, Guimarães JD, Neves MM, Ibelli AMG, Cantão ME, Ledur MC, Peixoto JO, Guimarães SEF. Transcription Landscape of the Early Developmental Biology in Pigs. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11051443. [PMID: 34069910 PMCID: PMC8157595 DOI: 10.3390/ani11051443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Revised: 05/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Since pre- and postnatal development are programmed during early prenatal life, studies addressing the complete transcriptional landscape during organogenesis are needed. Therefore, we aimed to disentangle differentially expressed (DE) genes between fetuses (at 35 days old) and embryos (at 25 days old) through RNA-sequencing analysis using the pig as model. In total, 1705 genes were DE, including the top DE IBSP, COL6A6, HBE1, HBZ, HBB, and NEUROD6 genes, which are associated with developmental transition from embryos to fetuses, such as ossification, skeletal muscle development, extracellular matrix organization, cardiovascular system, erythrocyte differentiation, and neuronal system. In pathway analysis, embryonic development highlighted those mainly related to morphogenic signaling and cell interactions, which are crucial for transcriptional control during the establishment of the main organs in early prenatal development, while pathways related to myogenesis, neuronal development, and cardiac and striated muscle contraction were enriched for fetal development, according to the greater complexity of organs and body structures at this developmental stage. Our findings provide an exploratory and informative transcriptional landscape of pig organogenesis, which might contribute to further studies addressing specific developmental events in pigs and in other mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susana A. Teixeira
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-000, MG, Brazil; (S.A.T.); (D.B.D.M.); (T.C.C.); (H.C.O.); (K.A.C.); (E.R.C.); (W.d.S.)
| | - Daniele B. D. Marques
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-000, MG, Brazil; (S.A.T.); (D.B.D.M.); (T.C.C.); (H.C.O.); (K.A.C.); (E.R.C.); (W.d.S.)
| | - Thaís C. Costa
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-000, MG, Brazil; (S.A.T.); (D.B.D.M.); (T.C.C.); (H.C.O.); (K.A.C.); (E.R.C.); (W.d.S.)
| | - Haniel C. Oliveira
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-000, MG, Brazil; (S.A.T.); (D.B.D.M.); (T.C.C.); (H.C.O.); (K.A.C.); (E.R.C.); (W.d.S.)
| | - Karine A. Costa
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-000, MG, Brazil; (S.A.T.); (D.B.D.M.); (T.C.C.); (H.C.O.); (K.A.C.); (E.R.C.); (W.d.S.)
| | - Eula R. Carrara
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-000, MG, Brazil; (S.A.T.); (D.B.D.M.); (T.C.C.); (H.C.O.); (K.A.C.); (E.R.C.); (W.d.S.)
| | - Walmir da Silva
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-000, MG, Brazil; (S.A.T.); (D.B.D.M.); (T.C.C.); (H.C.O.); (K.A.C.); (E.R.C.); (W.d.S.)
| | - José D. Guimarães
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-000, MG, Brazil;
| | - Mariana M. Neves
- Department of General Biology, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-000, MG, Brazil;
| | - Adriana M. G. Ibelli
- Embrapa Suínos e Aves, Concordia 89715-899, SC, Brazil; (A.M.G.I.); (M.E.C.); (M.C.L.); (J.O.P.)
| | - Maurício E. Cantão
- Embrapa Suínos e Aves, Concordia 89715-899, SC, Brazil; (A.M.G.I.); (M.E.C.); (M.C.L.); (J.O.P.)
| | - Mônica C. Ledur
- Embrapa Suínos e Aves, Concordia 89715-899, SC, Brazil; (A.M.G.I.); (M.E.C.); (M.C.L.); (J.O.P.)
| | - Jane O. Peixoto
- Embrapa Suínos e Aves, Concordia 89715-899, SC, Brazil; (A.M.G.I.); (M.E.C.); (M.C.L.); (J.O.P.)
| | - Simone E. F. Guimarães
- Department of Animal Science, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Viçosa 36570-000, MG, Brazil; (S.A.T.); (D.B.D.M.); (T.C.C.); (H.C.O.); (K.A.C.); (E.R.C.); (W.d.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +55-31-36124671
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