Modeling of Semibatch Solution Radical Copolymerization of Butyl Methacrylate and 2-Hydroxyethyl Acrylate

Mechanistic investigation of cyclic ketene acetal radical ring-opening homo- and co-polymerization and preparation of PEO graft copolymers with tunable composition

Radical ring-opening polymerization of cyclic ketene acetals (CKAs) led to homogeneous ester insertion during semi-batch reactions with N-vinyl pyrrolidone (NVP). Investigation of CKA radical transfer allowed for CKA–NVP graft copolymer preparation.

Change of Characterization and Film Morphology Based on Acrylic Pressure Sensitive Adhesives by Hydrophilic Derivative Ratio

Hydrophilic acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesives (PSAs) were synthesized by controlling the contents of 2-ethylhexyl acrylate (EHA), isobornyl acrylate (IBOA), and 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate (HEA); especially, the characteristic change of the HEA content was analyzed. Surface contact angle of acrylic PSA film decreased from 77.87° to 70.23° in the case of Acryl-2 to Acryl-8 (below HEA 10 wt %). However, the surface contact angle of Acryl-10 to Acryl-40 (HEA 10 wt % to 40 wt %) increased up to 92.29°, indicating hydrophobicity. All acrylic PSA films showed high adhesive force above 1800 gf/25 mm. According to X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurement, hydrophilic acrylic PSAs exhibited amorphous property and it was confirmed that the morphology of acrylic PSA film was significantly affected by the flexibility of the polymer chain and the strength of hydrogen bonding. The affinity with hydrophilic materials for acrylic PSA films was evaluated by T-type peel test, confirming that the affinity with hydrophilic materials is determined by the hydrophilicity of the acrylic PSA film. The synthesized acrylic PSA film is non-toxic regardless of the hydrophilicity.

Maximizing macromonomer content produced by starved-feed high temperature acrylate/methacrylate semi-batch polymerization

Suitable semi-batch reaction conditions are determined to maximize the fraction of acrylate chains with TDBs while also achieved a target polymer molar mass.

Effect of anethole on the copolymerization of vinyl monomers

Copolymerization behavior of Anethole with common vinyl monomers, determination of reactivity ratios via nonlinear least square method and the effect of Anethole on molecular weight and branching of copolymers produced via batch and semi-batch processes were reported.

Solvent Effects on Radical Copolymerization Kinetics of 2-Hydroxyethyl Methacrylate and Butyl Methacrylate

2-Hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) is an important component of many acrylic resins used in coatings formulations, as the functionality ensures that the chains participate in the cross-linking reactions required to form the final product. Hence, the knowledge of their radical copolymerization kinetic coefficients is vital for both process and recipe improvements. The pulsed laser polymerization (PLP) technique is paired with size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) to provide kinetic coefficients for the copolymerization of HEMA with butyl methacrylate (BMA) in various solvents. The choice of solvent has a significant impact on both copolymer composition and on the composition-averaged propagation rate coefficient (k_p,cop). Compared to the bulk system, both n-butanol and dimethylformamide reduce the relative reactivity of HEMA during copolymerization, while xylene as a solvent enhances HEMA reactivity. The magnitude of the solvent effect varies with monomer concentration, as shown by a systematic study of monomer/solvent mixtures containing 50 vol%, 20 vol%, and 10 vol% monomer. The observed behavior is related to the influence of hydrogen bonding on monomer reactivity, with the experimental results fit using the terminal model of radical copolymerization to provide estimates of reactivity ratios and k_p,HEMA.

Identification of β scission products from free radical polymerizations of butyl acrylate at high temperature

Unsaturated low molar mass species were identified via ESI-MS after fractionation of poly(butyl acrylate) from high temperature radical polymerization.