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Nguyen KL, Ghosh RM, Griffin LM, Yoshida T, Bedayat A, Rigsby CK, Fogel MA, Whitehead KK, Hu P, Finn JP. Four-dimensional Multiphase Steady-State MRI with Ferumoxytol Enhancement: Early Multicenter Feasibility in Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease. Radiology 2021; 300:162-173. [PMID: 33876971 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.2021203696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Background The value of MRI in pediatric congenital heart disease (CHD) is well recognized; however, the requirement for expert oversight impedes its widespread use. Four-dimensional (4D) multiphase steady-state imaging with contrast enhancement (MUSIC) is a cardiovascular MRI technique that uses ferumoxytol and captures all anatomic features dynamically. Purpose To evaluate multicenter feasibility of 4D MUSIC MRI in pediatric CHD. Materials and Methods In this prospective study, participants with CHD underwent 4D MUSIC MRI at 3.0 T or 1.5 T between 2014 and 2020. From a pool of 460 total studies, an equal number of MRI studies from three sites (n = 60) was chosen for detailed analysis. With use of a five-point scale, the feasibility of 4D MUSIC was scored on the basis of artifacts, image quality, and diagnostic confidence for intracardiac and vascular connections (n = 780). Respiratory motion suppression was assessed by using the signal intensity profile. Bias between 4D MUSIC and two-dimensional (2D) cine imaging was evaluated by using Bland-Altman analysis; 4D MUSIC examination duration was compared with that of the local standard for CHD. Results A total of 206 participants with CHD underwent MRI at 3.0 T, and 254 participants underwent MRI at 1.5 T. Of the 60 MRI examinations chosen for analysis (20 per site; median participant age, 14.4 months [interquartile range, 2.3-49 months]; 33 female participants), 56 (93%) had good or excellent image quality scores across a spectrum of disease complexity (mean score ± standard deviation: 4.3 ± 0.6 for site 1, 4.9 ± 0.3 for site 2, and 4.6 ± 0.7 for site 3; P < .001). Artifact scores were inversely related to image quality (r = -0.88, P < .001) and respiratory motion suppression (P < .001, r = -0.45). Diagnostic confidence was high or definite in 730 of 780 (94%) intracardiac and vascular connections. The correlation between 4D MUSIC and 2D cine ventricular volumes and ejection fraction was high (range of r = 0.72-0.85; P < .001 for all). Compared with local standard MRI, 4D MUSIC reduced the image acquisition time (44 minutes ± 20 vs 12 minutes ± 3, respectively; P < .001). Conclusion Four-dimensional multiphase steady-state imaging with contrast enhancement MRI in pediatric congenital heart disease was feasible in a multicenter setting, shortened the examination time, and simplified the acquisition protocol, independently of disease complexity. Clinical trial registration no. NCT02752191 © RSNA, 2021 Online supplemental material is available for this article. See also the editorial by Roest and Lamb in this issue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kim-Lien Nguyen
- From the Diagnostic Cardiovascular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiological Sciences (K.L.N., T.Y., A.B., P.H., J.P.F.), and Division of Cardiology (K.L.N.), David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 300 Medical Plaza, B119, Los Angeles, CA 90095; VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, Calif (K.L.N.); Division of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa (R.M.G., M.A.F., K.K.W.); Department of Medical Imaging, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital, Chicago, Ill (L.M.G., C.K.R.); and Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill (L.M.G., C.K.R.)
| | - Reena M Ghosh
- From the Diagnostic Cardiovascular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiological Sciences (K.L.N., T.Y., A.B., P.H., J.P.F.), and Division of Cardiology (K.L.N.), David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 300 Medical Plaza, B119, Los Angeles, CA 90095; VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, Calif (K.L.N.); Division of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa (R.M.G., M.A.F., K.K.W.); Department of Medical Imaging, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital, Chicago, Ill (L.M.G., C.K.R.); and Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill (L.M.G., C.K.R.)
| | - Lindsay M Griffin
- From the Diagnostic Cardiovascular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiological Sciences (K.L.N., T.Y., A.B., P.H., J.P.F.), and Division of Cardiology (K.L.N.), David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 300 Medical Plaza, B119, Los Angeles, CA 90095; VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, Calif (K.L.N.); Division of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa (R.M.G., M.A.F., K.K.W.); Department of Medical Imaging, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital, Chicago, Ill (L.M.G., C.K.R.); and Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill (L.M.G., C.K.R.)
| | - Takegawa Yoshida
- From the Diagnostic Cardiovascular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiological Sciences (K.L.N., T.Y., A.B., P.H., J.P.F.), and Division of Cardiology (K.L.N.), David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 300 Medical Plaza, B119, Los Angeles, CA 90095; VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, Calif (K.L.N.); Division of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa (R.M.G., M.A.F., K.K.W.); Department of Medical Imaging, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital, Chicago, Ill (L.M.G., C.K.R.); and Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill (L.M.G., C.K.R.)
| | - Arash Bedayat
- From the Diagnostic Cardiovascular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiological Sciences (K.L.N., T.Y., A.B., P.H., J.P.F.), and Division of Cardiology (K.L.N.), David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 300 Medical Plaza, B119, Los Angeles, CA 90095; VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, Calif (K.L.N.); Division of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa (R.M.G., M.A.F., K.K.W.); Department of Medical Imaging, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital, Chicago, Ill (L.M.G., C.K.R.); and Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill (L.M.G., C.K.R.)
| | - Cynthia K Rigsby
- From the Diagnostic Cardiovascular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiological Sciences (K.L.N., T.Y., A.B., P.H., J.P.F.), and Division of Cardiology (K.L.N.), David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 300 Medical Plaza, B119, Los Angeles, CA 90095; VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, Calif (K.L.N.); Division of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa (R.M.G., M.A.F., K.K.W.); Department of Medical Imaging, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital, Chicago, Ill (L.M.G., C.K.R.); and Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill (L.M.G., C.K.R.)
| | - Mark A Fogel
- From the Diagnostic Cardiovascular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiological Sciences (K.L.N., T.Y., A.B., P.H., J.P.F.), and Division of Cardiology (K.L.N.), David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 300 Medical Plaza, B119, Los Angeles, CA 90095; VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, Calif (K.L.N.); Division of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa (R.M.G., M.A.F., K.K.W.); Department of Medical Imaging, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital, Chicago, Ill (L.M.G., C.K.R.); and Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill (L.M.G., C.K.R.)
| | - Kevin K Whitehead
- From the Diagnostic Cardiovascular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiological Sciences (K.L.N., T.Y., A.B., P.H., J.P.F.), and Division of Cardiology (K.L.N.), David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 300 Medical Plaza, B119, Los Angeles, CA 90095; VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, Calif (K.L.N.); Division of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa (R.M.G., M.A.F., K.K.W.); Department of Medical Imaging, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital, Chicago, Ill (L.M.G., C.K.R.); and Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill (L.M.G., C.K.R.)
| | - Peng Hu
- From the Diagnostic Cardiovascular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiological Sciences (K.L.N., T.Y., A.B., P.H., J.P.F.), and Division of Cardiology (K.L.N.), David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 300 Medical Plaza, B119, Los Angeles, CA 90095; VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, Calif (K.L.N.); Division of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa (R.M.G., M.A.F., K.K.W.); Department of Medical Imaging, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital, Chicago, Ill (L.M.G., C.K.R.); and Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill (L.M.G., C.K.R.)
| | - J Paul Finn
- From the Diagnostic Cardiovascular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiological Sciences (K.L.N., T.Y., A.B., P.H., J.P.F.), and Division of Cardiology (K.L.N.), David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 300 Medical Plaza, B119, Los Angeles, CA 90095; VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, Calif (K.L.N.); Division of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pa (R.M.G., M.A.F., K.K.W.); Department of Medical Imaging, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital, Chicago, Ill (L.M.G., C.K.R.); and Department of Radiology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Ill (L.M.G., C.K.R.)
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2
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Ghodrati V, Bydder M, Ali F, Gao C, Prosper A, Nguyen KL, Hu P. Retrospective respiratory motion correction in cardiac cine MRI reconstruction using adversarial autoencoder and unsupervised learning. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2021; 34:e4433. [PMID: 33258197 PMCID: PMC10193526 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop a deep neural network for respiratory motion compensation in free-breathing cine MRI and evaluate its performance. An adversarial autoencoder network was trained using unpaired training data from healthy volunteers and patients who underwent clinically indicated cardiac MRI examinations. A U-net structure was used for the encoder and decoder parts of the network and the code space was regularized by an adversarial objective. The autoencoder learns the identity map for the free-breathing motion-corrupted images and preserves the structural content of the images, while the discriminator, which interacts with the output of the encoder, forces the encoder to remove motion artifacts. The network was first evaluated based on data that were artificially corrupted with simulated rigid motion with regard to motion-correction accuracy and the presence of any artificially created structures. Subsequently, to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed approach in vivo, our network was trained on respiratory motion-corrupted images in an unpaired manner and was tested on volunteer and patient data. In the simulation study, mean structural similarity index scores for the synthesized motion-corrupted images and motion-corrected images were 0.76 and 0.93 (out of 1), respectively. The proposed method increased the Tenengrad focus measure of the motion-corrupted images by 12% in the simulation study and by 7% in the in vivo study. The average overall subjective image quality scores for the motion-corrupted images, motion-corrected images and breath-held images were 2.5, 3.5 and 4.1 (out of 5.0), respectively. Nonparametric-paired comparisons showed that there was significant difference between the image quality scores of the motion-corrupted and breath-held images (P < .05); however, after correction there was no significant difference between the image quality scores of the motion-corrected and breath-held images. This feasibility study demonstrates the potential of an adversarial autoencoder network for correcting respiratory motion-related image artifacts without requiring paired data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vahid Ghodrati
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Biomedical Physics Inter-Departmental Graduate Program, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Mark Bydder
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Fadil Ali
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Biomedical Physics Inter-Departmental Graduate Program, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Chang Gao
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Biomedical Physics Inter-Departmental Graduate Program, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Ashley Prosper
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kim-Lien Nguyen
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Biomedical Physics Inter-Departmental Graduate Program, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Peng Hu
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Biomedical Physics Inter-Departmental Graduate Program, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Correspondence to: Peng Hu, PhD, Department of Radiological Sciences, 300 UCLA Medical Plaza Suite B119, Los Angeles, CA 90095,
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Küstner T, Bustin A, Jaubert O, Hajhosseiny R, Masci PG, Neji R, Botnar R, Prieto C. Fully self-gated free-running 3D Cartesian cardiac CINE with isotropic whole-heart coverage in less than 2 min. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2021; 34:e4409. [PMID: 32974984 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 08/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a novel fast water-selective free-breathing 3D Cartesian cardiac CINE scan with full self-navigation and isotropic whole-heart (WH) coverage. METHODS A free-breathing 3D Cartesian cardiac CINE scan with a water-selective balanced steady-state free precession and a continuous (non-ECG-gated) variable-density Cartesian sampling with spiral profile ordering, out-inward sampling and acquisition-adaptive alternating tiny golden and golden angle increment between spiral arms is proposed. Data is retrospectively binned based on respiratory and cardiac self-navigation signals. A translational respiratory-motion-corrected and cardiac-motion-resolved image is reconstructed with a multi-bin patch-based low-rank reconstruction (MB-PROST) within about 15 min. A respiratory-motion-resolved approach is also investigated. The proposed 3D Cartesian cardiac CINE is acquired in sagittal orientation in 1 min 50 s for 1.9 mm3 isotropic WH coverage. Left ventricular (LV) function parameters and image quality derived from a blinded reading of the proposed 3D CINE framework are compared against conventional multi-slice 2D CINE imaging in 10 healthy subjects and 10 patients with suspected cardiovascular disease. RESULTS The proposed framework provides free-breathing 3D cardiac CINE images with 1.9 mm3 spatial and about 45 ms temporal resolution in a short acquisition time (<2 min). LV function parameters derived from 3D CINE were in good agreement with 2D CINE (10 healthy subjects and 10 patients). Bias and confidence intervals were obtained for end-systolic volume, end-diastolic volume and ejection fraction of 0.1 ± 3.5 mL, -0.6 ± 8.2 mL and -0.1 ± 2.2%, respectively. CONCLUSION The proposed framework enables isotropic 3D Cartesian cardiac CINE under free breathing for fast assessment of cardiac anatomy and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Küstner
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
| | - Aurelien Bustin
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
| | - Olivier Jaubert
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
| | - Reza Hajhosseiny
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
| | - Pier Giorgio Masci
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
| | - Radhouene Neji
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
- MR Research Collaborations, Siemens Healthcare Limited, Frimley, UK
| | - René Botnar
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
- Escuela de Ingeniería, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudia Prieto
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
- Escuela de Ingeniería, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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4
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Abstract
Classification of heart failure is based on the left ventricular ejection fraction (EF): preserved EF, midrange EF, and reduced EF. There remains an unmet need for further heart failure phenotyping of ventricular structure-function relationships. Because of high spatiotemporal resolution, cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) remains the reference modality for quantification of ventricular contractile function. The authors aim to highlight novel frameworks, including theranostic use of ferumoxytol, to enable more efficient evaluation of ventricular function in heart failure patients who are also frequently anemic, and to discuss emerging quantitative CMR approaches for evaluation of ventricular structure-function relationships in heart failure.
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5
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Küstner T, Fuin N, Hammernik K, Bustin A, Qi H, Hajhosseiny R, Masci PG, Neji R, Rueckert D, Botnar RM, Prieto C. CINENet: deep learning-based 3D cardiac CINE MRI reconstruction with multi-coil complex-valued 4D spatio-temporal convolutions. Sci Rep 2020; 10:13710. [PMID: 32792507 PMCID: PMC7426830 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-70551-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac CINE magnetic resonance imaging is the gold-standard for the assessment of cardiac function. Imaging accelerations have shown to enable 3D CINE with left ventricular (LV) coverage in a single breath-hold. However, 3D imaging remains limited to anisotropic resolution and long reconstruction times. Recently deep learning has shown promising results for computationally efficient reconstructions of highly accelerated 2D CINE imaging. In this work, we propose a novel 4D (3D + time) deep learning-based reconstruction network, termed 4D CINENet, for prospectively undersampled 3D Cartesian CINE imaging. CINENet is based on (3 + 1)D complex-valued spatio-temporal convolutions and multi-coil data processing. We trained and evaluated the proposed CINENet on in-house acquired 3D CINE data of 20 healthy subjects and 15 patients with suspected cardiovascular disease. The proposed CINENet network outperforms iterative reconstructions in visual image quality and contrast (+ 67% improvement). We found good agreement in LV function (bias ± 95% confidence) in terms of end-systolic volume (0 ± 3.3 ml), end-diastolic volume (− 0.4 ± 2.0 ml) and ejection fraction (0.1 ± 3.2%) compared to clinical gold-standard 2D CINE, enabling single breath-hold isotropic 3D CINE in less than 10 s scan and ~ 5 s reconstruction time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Küstner
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital, Lambeth Wing, London, UK.
| | - Niccolo Fuin
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital, Lambeth Wing, London, UK
| | | | - Aurelien Bustin
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital, Lambeth Wing, London, UK
| | - Haikun Qi
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital, Lambeth Wing, London, UK
| | - Reza Hajhosseiny
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital, Lambeth Wing, London, UK
| | - Pier Giorgio Masci
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital, Lambeth Wing, London, UK
| | - Radhouene Neji
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital, Lambeth Wing, London, UK.,MR Research Collaborations, Siemens Healthcare Limited, Frimley, UK
| | - Daniel Rueckert
- Department of Computing, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - René M Botnar
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital, Lambeth Wing, London, UK.,Escuela de Ingeniería, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudia Prieto
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital, Lambeth Wing, London, UK.,Escuela de Ingeniería, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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6
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Küstner T, Bustin A, Jaubert O, Hajhosseiny R, Masci PG, Neji R, Botnar R, Prieto C. Isotropic 3D Cartesian single breath-hold CINE MRI with multi-bin patch-based low-rank reconstruction. Magn Reson Med 2020; 84:2018-2033. [PMID: 32250492 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2019] [Revised: 03/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a novel acquisition and reconstruction framework for isotropic 3D Cartesian cardiac CINE within a single breath-hold for left ventricle (LV) and whole-heart coverage. METHODS A variable-density Cartesian acquisition with spiral profile ordering, out-inward sampling, and acquisition-adaptive alternating tiny golden/golden angle increment between spiral arms is proposed to provide incoherent and nonredundant sampling within and among cardiac phases. A novel multi-bin patch-based low-rank reconstruction, named MB-PROST, is proposed to exploit redundant information on a local (within a patch), nonlocal (similar patches within a spatial neighborhood), and temporal (among all cardiac phases) scale with an implicit motion alignment among patches. The proposed multi-bin patch-based low-rank reconstruction reconstruction is compared against compressed sensing reconstruction, whereas LV function parameters derived from the proposed 3D CINE framework are compared against those estimated from conventional multislice 2D CINE imaging in 10 healthy subjects and 15 patients. RESULTS The proposed framework provides 3D cardiac CINE images with high spatial (1.9 mm3 ) and temporal resolution (˜50 ms) in a single breath-hold of ˜20 s for LV and ˜26 s for whole-heart coverage in healthy subjects. Shorter breath-hold durations of ˜13 to 15 s are feasible for LV coverage with slightly anisotropic resolution (1.9 × 1.9 × 2.5 mm) in patients. LV function parameters derived from 3D CINE were in good agreement with 2D CINE, with a bias of -0.1 mL/0.1 mL, -0.9 mL/-1.0 mL, -0.1%/-0.8%; and confidence intervals of ±1.7 mL/±3.7 mL, ±1.2 mL/±2.6 mL, and ±1.2%/±3.6% (10 healthy subjects/15 patients) for end-systolic volume, end-diastolic volume, and ejection fraction, respectively. CONCLUSION The proposed framework enables 3D isotropic cardiac CINE in a single breath-hold scan of ˜20 s/˜26 s for LV/whole-heart coverage, showing good agreement with clinical 2D CINE scans in terms of LV functional assessment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Küstner
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
| | - Aurelien Bustin
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
| | - Olivier Jaubert
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
| | - Reza Hajhosseiny
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
| | - Pier Giorgio Masci
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, UK
| | - Radhouene Neji
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, UK.,MR Research Collaborations, Siemens Healthcare Limited, Frimley, UK
| | - René Botnar
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, UK.,Escuela de Ingeniería, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudia Prieto
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences, King's College London, St. Thomas' Hospital, London, UK.,Escuela de Ingeniería, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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7
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Single-breath-hold 3-D CINE imaging of the left ventricle using Cartesian sampling. MAGNETIC RESONANCE MATERIALS IN PHYSICS BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2017; 31:19-31. [DOI: 10.1007/s10334-017-0624-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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8
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Feng L, Coppo S, Piccini D, Yerly J, Lim RP, Masci PG, Stuber M, Sodickson DK, Otazo R. 5D whole-heart sparse MRI. Magn Reson Med 2017; 79:826-838. [PMID: 28497486 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.26745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 04/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE A 5D whole-heart sparse imaging framework is proposed for simultaneous assessment of myocardial function and high-resolution cardiac and respiratory motion-resolved whole-heart anatomy in a single continuous noncontrast MR scan. METHODS A non-electrocardiograph (ECG)-triggered 3D golden-angle radial balanced steady-state free precession sequence was used for data acquisition. The acquired 3D k-space data were sorted into a 5D dataset containing separated cardiac and respiratory dimensions using a self-extracted respiratory motion signal and a recorded ECG signal. Images were then reconstructed using XD-GRASP, a multidimensional compressed sensing technique exploiting correlations/sparsity along cardiac and respiratory dimensions. 5D whole-heart imaging was compared with respiratory motion-corrected 3D and 4D whole-heart imaging in nine volunteers for evaluation of the myocardium, great vessels, and coronary arteries. It was also compared with breath-held, ECG-gated 2D cardiac cine imaging for validation of cardiac function quantification. RESULTS 5D whole-heart images received systematic higher quality scores in the myocardium, great vessels and coronary arteries. Quantitative coronary sharpness and length were always better for the 5D images. Good agreement was obtained for quantification of cardiac function compared with 2D cine imaging. CONCLUSION 5D whole-heart sparse imaging represents a robust and promising framework for simplified comprehensive cardiac MRI without the need for breath-hold and motion correction. Magn Reson Med 79:826-838, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Feng
- Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI2R), and Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Simone Coppo
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Davide Piccini
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Advanced Clinical Imaging Technology, Siemens Healthcare, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jerome Yerly
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ruth P Lim
- Department of Radiology, Austin Health and The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Pier Giorgio Masci
- Division of Cardiology and Cardiac MR Center, University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Stuber
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Daniel K Sodickson
- Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI2R), and Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ricardo Otazo
- Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAI2R), and Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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9
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Kawaji K, Patel MB, Cantrell CG, Tanaka A, Marino M, Tamura S, Wang H, Wang Y, Carroll TJ, Ota T, Patel AR. A fast, noniterative approach for accelerated high-temporal resolution cine-CMR using dynamically interleaved streak removal in the power-spectral encoded domain with low-pass filtering (DISPEL) and modulo-prime spokes (MoPS). Med Phys 2017; 44:3450-3463. [PMID: 28339110 DOI: 10.1002/mp.12234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2016] [Revised: 03/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To introduce a pair of accelerated non-Cartesian acquisition principles that when combined, exploit the periodicity of k-space acquisition, and thereby enable acquisition of high-temporal cine Cardiac Magnetic Resonance (CMR). METHODS The mathematical formulation of a noniterative, undersampled non-Cartesian cine acquisition and reconstruction is presented. First, a low-pass filtering step that exploits streaking artifact redundancy is provided (i.e., Dynamically Interleaved Streak removal in the Power-spectrum Encoded domain with Low-pass filtering [DISPEL]). Next, an effective radial acquisition for the DISPEL approach that exploits the property of prime numbers is described (i.e., Modulo-Prime Spoke [MoPS]). Both DISPEL and MoPS are examined using numerical simulation of a digital heart phantom to show that high-temporal cine-CMR is feasible without removing physiologic motion vs aperiodic interleaving using Golden Angles. The combined high-temporal cine approach is next examined in 11 healthy subjects for a time-volume curve assessment of left ventricular systolic and diastolic performance vs conventional Cartesian cine-CMR reference. RESULTS The DISPEL method was first shown using simulation under different streak cycles to allow separation of undersampled radial streaking artifacts from physiologic motion with a sufficiently frequent streak-cycle interval. Radial interleaving with MoPS is next shown to allow interleaves with pseudo-Golden-Angle variants, and be more compatible with DISPEL against irrational and nonperiodic rotation angles, including the Golden-Angle-derived rotations. In the in vivo data, the proposed method showed no statistical difference in the systolic performance, while diastolic parameters sensitive to the cine's temporal resolution were statistically significant (P < 0.05 vs Cartesian cine). CONCLUSIONS We demonstrate a high-temporal resolution cine-CMR using DISPEL and MoPS, whose streaking artifact was separated from physiologic motion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keigo Kawaji
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mita B Patel
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Akiko Tanaka
- Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Marco Marino
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Satoshi Tamura
- Department of Electrical, Electronic and Computer Engineering, Gifu University, Gifu City, Japan
| | | | - Yi Wang
- Departments of Biomedical Engineering and Radiology, Cornell University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Timothy J Carroll
- Department of Radiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Takeyoshi Ota
- Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Amit R Patel
- Departments of Medicine and Radiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
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10
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Fang S, Li L, Wu W, Wei J, Zhang B, Kim DH, Yuan C, Guo H. Multiscale coherence regularization reconstruction using a nonlocal operator for fast variable-density spiral imaging. Magn Reson Imaging 2016; 34:964-73. [PMID: 27108356 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2016.04.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2015] [Revised: 04/06/2016] [Accepted: 04/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Nonlinear reconstruction can suppress pseudo-incoherent aliasing artifacts from variable-density spiral (VDS) trajectories when interleaves are undersampled for acquisition acceleration during MR imaging. However, large-scale aliasing artifact suppression often conflicts with fine-scale structure preservation and may cause deterioration of image quality in the reconstructed images. To address this issue, a sequential, multiscale coherence regularization algorithm using a nonlocal operator (mCORNOL) is proposed. METHODS mCORNOL is formed by exploiting the scale-control capacity of nonlocal operators in image structure measurement. By changing the scale of the structure measurement, the smoothing constraint scales can be adjusted. Starting with a large value, mCORNOL gradually reduces the smoothing constraint scale until it reaches the same level as the noise. Therefore, the large-scale smoothing constraint dominates the first few iterations of the reconstruction and removes aliasing artifacts as well as fine structures. In the following iterations, the smoothing constraint is restricted to a smaller and smaller scale, so the fidelity term progressively dominates and restores lost structures. Thus, aliasing artifact removal and structure preservation can be decoupled and achieved sequentially, which alleviates the conflicts between them. RESULTS Numerical simulation and in vivo experiment results demonstrate the superiority of mCORNOL for aliasing artifact suppression and image structure preservation at high reduction factors, compared to SENSE, Total Variation and the original CORNOL reconstruction. CONCLUSIONS mCORNOL reconstruction provides an effective way to improve image quality for undersampled VDS acquisitions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Fang
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Nuclear Energy Technology, Key Laboratory of Advanced Reactor Engineering and Safety of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University
| | - Lyu Li
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenchuan Wu
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Juan Wei
- Philips Research Asia, Shanghai, China
| | | | - Dong-Hyun Kim
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Chun Yuan
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China; Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Hua Guo
- Center for Biomedical Imaging Research, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
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11
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Abstract
Tremendous advances have been made in abdominopelvic MR imaging, which continue to improve image quality, and make acquisitions faster and robust. We briefly discuss the role of non-Cartesian acquisition schemes as well as dual parallel radiofrequency (RF) transmit systems in the article to further improve image quality of the abdominal MR imaging. Furthermore, the use of hybrid PET/MR systems has the potential to synergistically combine MR imaging with PET acquisition, and the evolving role of hybrid PET/MR imaging is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Kierans
- Department of Radiology, New York University Langone Medical Center, 660 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Nainesh Parikh
- Department of Radiology, New York University Langone Medical Center, 660 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Hersh Chandarana
- Department of Radiology, New York University Langone Medical Center, 660 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA.
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12
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Abstract
Utilization of abdominopelvic MR imaging continues to increase in volume and gain widespread clinical acceptance. Many factors such as diaphragmatic respiratory motion, bulk patient motion, and the need for large volumetric coverage while maintaining clinically feasible scan times have proven challenging for body applications of MRI. However, many advances in MR acquisition, including non-Cartesian T1-weighted and T2-weighted acquisitions, advanced Dixon sequences, and 3-dimensional volumetric T2-weighted imaging have helped to mitigate some of the issues which have hampered abdominopelvic MR. This article will summarize these advances in T1-weighted and T2-weighted imaging, with an emphasis on clinical applications and implementation.
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13
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Feng X, Salerno M, Kramer CM, Meyer CH. Non-Cartesian balanced steady-state free precession pulse sequences for real-time cardiac MRI. Magn Reson Med 2015; 75:1546-55. [PMID: 25960254 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.25738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Revised: 02/19/2015] [Accepted: 03/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a new spiral-in/out balanced steady-state free precession (bSSFP) pulse sequence for real-time cardiac MRI and compare it with radial and spiral-out techniques. METHODS Non-Cartesian sampling strategies are efficient and robust to motion and thus have important advantages for real-time bSSFP cine imaging. This study describes a new symmetric spiral-in/out sequence with intrinsic gradient moment compensation and SSFP refocusing at TE = TR/2. In vivo real-time cardiac imaging studies were performed to compare radial, spiral-out, and spiral-in/out bSSFP pulse sequences. Furthermore, phase-based fat/water separation taking advantage of the refocusing mechanism of the spiral-in/out bSSFP sequence was also studied. RESULTS The image quality of the spiral-out and spiral-in/out bSSFP sequences was improved with off-resonance and k-space trajectory correction. The spiral-in/out bSSFP sequence had the highest signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast-to-noise ratio, and image quality ratings, with spiral-out bSSFP sequence second in each category and the radial bSSFP sequence third. The spiral-in/out bSSFP sequence provides separated fat and water images with no additional scan time. CONCLUSIONS In this study, a new spiral-in/out bSSFP sequence was developed and tested. The superiority of spiral bSSFP sequences over the radial bSSFP sequence in terms of SNR and reduced artifacts was demonstrated in real-time MRI of cardiac function without image acceleration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Feng
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Michael Salerno
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.,Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Christopher M Kramer
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.,Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
| | - Craig H Meyer
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.,Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA
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14
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Coppo S, Piccini D, Bonanno G, Chaptinel J, Vincenti G, Feliciano H, van Heeswijk RB, Schwitter J, Stuber M. Free-running 4D whole-heart self-navigated golden angle MRI: Initial results. Magn Reson Med 2014; 74:1306-16. [PMID: 25376772 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.25523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2014] [Revised: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To test the hypothesis that both coronary anatomy and ventricular function can be assessed simultaneously using a single four-dimensional (4D) acquisition. METHODS A free-running 4D whole-heart self-navigated acquisition incorporating a golden angle radial trajectory was implemented and tested in vivo in nine healthy adult human subjects. Coronary magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) datasets with retrospective selection of acquisition window width and position were extracted and quantitatively compared with baseline self-navigated electrocardiography (ECG) -triggered coronary MRA. From the 4D datasets, the left-ventricular end-systolic, end-diastolic volumes (ESV & EDV) and ejection fraction (EF) were computed and compared with values obtained from conventional 2D cine images. RESULTS The 4D datasets enabled dynamic assessment of the whole heart with isotropic spatial resolution of 1.15 mm(3). Coronary artery image quality was very similar to that of the ECG-triggered baseline scan despite some SNR penalty. A good agreement between 4D and 2D cine imaging was found for EDV, ESV, and EF. CONCLUSION The hypothesis that both coronary anatomy and ventricular function can be assessed simultaneously in vivo has been tested positive. Retrospective and flexible acquisition window selection allows to best visualize each coronary segment at its individual time point of quiescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone Coppo
- Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Radiology, University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Davide Piccini
- Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Radiology, University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Advanced Clinical Imaging Technology, Siemens Healthcare IM BM PI, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gabriele Bonanno
- Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Radiology, University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jérôme Chaptinel
- Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Radiology, University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Gabriella Vincenti
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Hélène Feliciano
- Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Radiology, University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ruud B van Heeswijk
- Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Radiology, University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Juerg Schwitter
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Stuber
- Center for Biomedical Imaging (CIBM), Lausanne, Switzerland.,Department of Radiology, University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne (UNIL), Lausanne, Switzerland
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15
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Xu B, Spincemaille P, Liu T, Prince MR, Dutruel S, Gupta A, Thimmappa ND, Wang Y. Quantification of cerebral perfusion using dynamic quantitative susceptibility mapping. Magn Reson Med 2014; 73:1540-8. [PMID: 24733457 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.25257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2013] [Revised: 03/27/2014] [Accepted: 03/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study is to develop a dynamic quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) technique with sufficient temporal resolution to map contrast agent concentration in cerebral perfusion imaging. METHODS The dynamic QSM used a multiecho three-dimensional (3D) spoiled gradient echo golden angle interleaved spiral sequence during contrast bolus injection. Four-dimensional (4D) space-time resolved magnetic field reconstruction was performed using the temporal resolution acceleration with constrained evolution reconstruction method. Deconvolution of the gadolinium-induced field was performed at each time point with the morphology enabled dipole inversion method to generate a 4D gadolinium concentration map, from which three-dimensional spatial distributions of cerebral blood volume and cerebral blood flow were computed. RESULTS Initial in vivo brain imaging demonstrated the feasibility of using dynamic QSM for generating quantitative 4D contrast agent maps and imaging three-dimensional perfusion. The cerebral blood flow obtained with dynamic QSM agreed with that obtained using arterial spin labeling. CONCLUSION Dynamic QSM can be used to perform 4D mapping of contrast agent concentration in contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. The perfusion parameters derived from this 4D contrast agent concentration map were in good agreement with those obtained using arterial spin labeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA; Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
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16
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Liu J, Nguyen TD, Zhu Y, Spincemaille P, Prince MR, Weinsaft JW, Saloner D, Wang Y. Self-gated free-breathing 3D coronary CINE imaging with simultaneous water and fat visualization. PLoS One 2014; 9:e89315. [PMID: 24586682 PMCID: PMC3930724 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0089315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2013] [Accepted: 01/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop a novel technique for acquiring 3-dimensional (3D) coronary CINE magnetic resonance images with both water and fat visualization during free breathing and without external respiratory or cardiac gating. The implemented multi-echo hybrid 3D radial balanced Steady-State Free Precession (SSFP) sequence has an efficient data acquisition and is robust against motion. The k-space center along the slice encoding direction was repeatedly acquired to derive both respiratory and cardiac self-gating signals without an increase in scan time, enabling a free-breathing acquisition. The multi-echo acquisition allowed image reconstruction with water-fat separation, providing improved visualization of the coronary artery lumen. Ten healthy subjects were imaged successfully at 1.5 T, achieving a spatial resolution of 1.0×1.0×3.0 mm3 and scan time of about 5 minutes. The proposed imaging technique provided coronary vessel depiction comparable to that obtained with conventional breath-hold imaging and navigator gated free-breathing imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Liu
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, United States of America ; Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Thanh D Nguyen
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Yanchun Zhu
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Pascal Spincemaille
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Martin R Prince
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Jonathan W Weinsaft
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - David Saloner
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, United States of America
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, United States of America
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17
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Wright KL, Hamilton JI, Griswold MA, Gulani V, Seiberlich N. Non-Cartesian parallel imaging reconstruction. J Magn Reson Imaging 2014; 40:1022-40. [PMID: 24408499 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.24521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-Cartesian parallel imaging has played an important role in reducing data acquisition time in MRI. The use of non-Cartesian trajectories can enable more efficient coverage of k-space, which can be leveraged to reduce scan times. These trajectories can be undersampled to achieve even faster scan times, but the resulting images may contain aliasing artifacts. Just as Cartesian parallel imaging can be used to reconstruct images from undersampled Cartesian data, non-Cartesian parallel imaging methods can mitigate aliasing artifacts by using additional spatial encoding information in the form of the nonhomogeneous sensitivities of multi-coil phased arrays. This review will begin with an overview of non-Cartesian k-space trajectories and their sampling properties, followed by an in-depth discussion of several selected non-Cartesian parallel imaging algorithms. Three representative non-Cartesian parallel imaging methods will be described, including Conjugate Gradient SENSE (CG SENSE), non-Cartesian generalized autocalibrating partially parallel acquisition (GRAPPA), and Iterative Self-Consistent Parallel Imaging Reconstruction (SPIRiT). After a discussion of these three techniques, several potential promising clinical applications of non-Cartesian parallel imaging will be covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine L Wright
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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18
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Holland DJ, Liu C, Song X, Mazerolle EL, Stevens MT, Sederman AJ, Gladden LF, D'Arcy RCN, Bowen CV, Beyea SD. Compressed sensing reconstruction improves sensitivity of variable density spiral fMRI. Magn Reson Med 2013; 70:1634-43. [DOI: 10.1002/mrm.24621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2012] [Revised: 11/30/2012] [Accepted: 12/11/2012] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D. J. Holland
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology; University of Cambridge; Cambridge UK
| | - C. Liu
- Institute for Biodiagnostics (Atlantic); National Research Council Canada; Halifax Nova Scotia Canada
| | - X. Song
- Institute for Biodiagnostics (Atlantic); National Research Council Canada; Halifax Nova Scotia Canada
| | - E. L. Mazerolle
- Institute for Biodiagnostics (Atlantic); National Research Council Canada; Halifax Nova Scotia Canada
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience; Dalhousie University; Halifax Nova Scotia Canada
| | - M. T. Stevens
- Institute for Biodiagnostics (Atlantic); National Research Council Canada; Halifax Nova Scotia Canada
- Department of Physics; Dalhousie University; Halifax Nova Scotia Canada
| | - A. J. Sederman
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology; University of Cambridge; Cambridge UK
| | - L. F. Gladden
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology; University of Cambridge; Cambridge UK
| | - R. C. N. D'Arcy
- Institute for Biodiagnostics (Atlantic); National Research Council Canada; Halifax Nova Scotia Canada
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience; Dalhousie University; Halifax Nova Scotia Canada
- Department of Radiology; Dalhousie University; Halifax Nova Scotia Canada
| | - C. V. Bowen
- Institute for Biodiagnostics (Atlantic); National Research Council Canada; Halifax Nova Scotia Canada
- Department of Physics; Dalhousie University; Halifax Nova Scotia Canada
- Department of Radiology; Dalhousie University; Halifax Nova Scotia Canada
- School of Biomedical Engineering; Dalhousie University; Halifax Nova Scotia Canada
| | - S. D. Beyea
- Institute for Biodiagnostics (Atlantic); National Research Council Canada; Halifax Nova Scotia Canada
- Department of Physics; Dalhousie University; Halifax Nova Scotia Canada
- Department of Radiology; Dalhousie University; Halifax Nova Scotia Canada
- School of Biomedical Engineering; Dalhousie University; Halifax Nova Scotia Canada
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19
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Wu HH, Gurney PT, Hu BS, Nishimura DG, McConnell MV. Free-breathing multiphase whole-heart coronary MR angiography using image-based navigators and three-dimensional cones imaging. Magn Reson Med 2012; 69:1083-93. [PMID: 22648856 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.24346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2012] [Revised: 04/30/2012] [Accepted: 05/01/2012] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Noninvasive visualization of the coronary arteries in vivo is one of the most important goals in cardiovascular imaging. Compared to other paradigms for coronary MR angiography, a free-breathing three-dimensional whole-heart iso-resolution approach simplifies prescription effort, requires less patient cooperation, reduces overall exam time, and supports retrospective reformats at arbitrary planes. However, this approach requires a long continuous acquisition and must account for respiratory and cardiac motion throughout the scan. In this work, a new free-breathing coronary MR angiography technique that reduces scan time and improves robustness to motion is developed. Data acquisition is accomplished using a three-dimensional cones non-Cartesian trajectory, which can reduce the number of readouts 3-fold or more compared to conventional three-dimensional Cartesian encoding and provides greater robustness to motion/flow effects. To further enhance robustness to motion, two-dimensional navigator images are acquired to directly track respiration-induced displacement of the heart and enable retrospective compensation of all acquired data (none discarded) for image reconstruction. In addition, multiple cardiac phases are imaged to support retrospective selection of the best phase(s) for visualizing each coronary segment. Experimental results demonstrate that whole-heart coronary angiograms can be obtained rapidly and robustly with this proposed technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holden H Wu
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305-5233, USA.
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20
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Xu B, Spincemaille P, Chen G, Agrawal M, Nguyen TD, Prince MR, Wang Y. Fast 3D contrast enhanced MRI of the liver using temporal resolution acceleration with constrained evolution reconstruction. Magn Reson Med 2012; 69:370-81. [PMID: 22442108 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.24253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2011] [Revised: 02/01/2012] [Accepted: 02/24/2012] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Time-resolved imaging is crucial for the accurate diagnosis of liver lesions. Current contrast enhanced liver magnetic resonance imaging acquires a few phases in sequential breath-holds. The image quality is susceptible to bolus timing errors, which could result in missing the critical arterial phase. This impairs the detection of malignant tumors that are supplied primarily by the hepatic artery. In addition, the temporal resolution may be too low to reliably separate the arterial phase from the portal venous phase. In this study, a method called temporal resolution acceleration with constrained evolution reconstruction was developed with three-dimensional volume coverage and high-temporal frame rate. Data is acquired using a stack of spirals sampling trajectory combined with a golden ratio view order using an eight-channel coil array. Temporal frames are reconstructed from vastly undersampled data sets using a nonlinear inverse algorithm assuming that the temporal changes are small at short time intervals. Numerical and phantom experimental validation is presented. Preliminary in vivo results demonstrated high spatial resolution dynamic three-dimensional images of the whole liver with high frame rates, from which numerous subarterial phases could be easily identified retrospectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Xu
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
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21
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Codella NCF, Spincemaille P, Prince M, Wang Y. A radial self-calibrated (RASCAL) generalized autocalibrating partially parallel acquisition (GRAPPA) method using weight interpolation. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2011; 24:844-854. [PMID: 21834008 PMCID: PMC3241961 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.1630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2009] [Revised: 06/18/2010] [Accepted: 09/21/2010] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A generalized autocalibrating partially parallel acquisition (GRAPPA) method for radial k-space sampling is presented that calculates GRAPPA weights without synthesized or acquired calibration data. Instead, GRAPPA weights are fitted to the undersampled data as if they were the calibration data. Because the relative k-space shifts associated with these GRAPPA weights vary for a radial trajectory, new GRAPPA weights can be resampled for arbitrary shifts through interpolation, which are then used to generate missing projections between the acquired projections. The method is demonstrated in phantoms and in abdominal and brain imaging. Image quality is similar to radial GRAPPA using fully sampled calibration data, and improved relative to a previously described self-calibrated radial GRAPPA technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noel C. F. Codella
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics, and Systems Biology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY
| | - Pascal Spincemaille
- Department of Radiology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY
| | - Martin Prince
- Department of Radiology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Physiology, Biophysics, and Systems Biology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY
- Department of Radiology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY
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22
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Wu B, Li W, Avram AV, Gho SM, Liu C. Fast and tissue-optimized mapping of magnetic susceptibility and T2* with multi-echo and multi-shot spirals. Neuroimage 2011; 59:297-305. [PMID: 21784162 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.07.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2011] [Revised: 06/08/2011] [Accepted: 07/07/2011] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Gradient-echo MRI of resonance-frequency shift and T2* values exhibit unique tissue contrast and offer relevant physiological information. However, acquiring 3D-phase images and T2* maps with the standard spoiled gradient echo (SPGR) sequence is lengthy for routine imaging at high-spatial resolution and whole-brain coverage. In addition, with the standard SPGR sequence, optimal signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) cannot be achieved for every tissue type given their distributed resonance frequency and T2* value. To address these two issues, a SNR optimized multi-echo sequence with a stack-of-spiral acquisition is proposed and implemented for achieving fast and simultaneous acquisition of image phase and T2* maps. The analytical behavior of the phase SNR is derived as a function of resonance frequency, T2* and echo time. This relationship is utilized to achieve tissue optimized SNR by combining phase images with different echo times. Simulations and in vivo experiments were designed to verify the theoretical predictions. Using the multi-echo spiral acquisition, whole-brain coverage with 1 mm isotropic resolution can be achieved within 2.5 min, shortening the scan time by a factor of 8. The resulting multi-echo phase map shows similar SNR to that of the standard SPGR. The acquisition can be further accelerated with non-Cartesian parallel imaging. The technique can be readily extended to other multi-shot readout trajectories besides spiral. It may provide a practical acquisition strategy for high resolution and simultaneous 3D mapping of magnetic susceptibility and T2*.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Wu
- Brain Imaging and Analysis Center, Duke University, Durham NC 27705, USA
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23
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Spincemaille P, Liu J, Nguyen T, Prince MR, Wang Y. Z intensity-weighted position self-respiratory gating method for free-breathing 3D cardiac CINE imaging. Magn Reson Imaging 2011; 29:861-8. [PMID: 21524873 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2011.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2010] [Accepted: 02/24/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
A free-breathing 3D cine steady-state free precession (SSFP) technique was developed using the z intensity-weighted position (ZIP) which is the center of mass of a projection along the slice direction as a respiratory gating signal. The ZIP signal was continuously acquired using a slice encoded k-space center sampling in every TR. The performance of this gating method was compared with a method using the k-space center signal (KC) and with conventional 2D breath-hold cine SSFP in healthy subjects by measuring image quality and left ventricular function. The preliminary data obtained here demonstrated that the ZIP gating method provided superior respiratory motion artifact suppression when compared to the KC gating and provided left ventricular ejection fractions, and end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes similar to those obtained with the breath-hold 2D cine SSFP acquisition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Spincemaille
- Department of Radiology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, 416 East 55th Street, New York, NY 10022, USA.
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24
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Cukur T, Santos JM, Pauly JM, Nishimura DG. Variable-density parallel imaging with partially localized coil sensitivities. IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MEDICAL IMAGING 2010; 29:1173-1181. [PMID: 20236876 PMCID: PMC3155390 DOI: 10.1109/tmi.2010.2042805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Partially parallel imaging with localized sensitivities is a fast parallel image reconstruction method for both Cartesian and non-Cartesian trajectories, but suffers from aliasing artifacts when there are deviations from the assumption of perfect localization. Such reconstructions would normally crop the individual coil images to remove the artifacts prior to combination. However, the sampling densities in variable-density k-space trajectories support different field-of-views for separate regions in k -space. In fact, the higher sampling density of low frequencies can be used to reconstruct a bigger field-of-view without introducing aliasing artifacts and the resulting image signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) can be improved. A novel, fast variable-density parallel imaging method is presented, which reconstructs different field-of-views from separate frequencies according to the local sampling density in k-space. Aliasing-suppressed images can be produced with high SNR-efficiency without the need for accurate estimation of coil sensitivities and complex or iterative computations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tolga Cukur
- Information Systems Laboratory, Department of Electrical Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
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25
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Delattre BMA, Heidemann RM, Crowe LA, Vallée JP, Hyacinthe JN. Spiral demystified. Magn Reson Imaging 2010; 28:862-81. [PMID: 20409660 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2010.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2009] [Revised: 02/24/2010] [Accepted: 03/05/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Spiral acquisition schemes offer unique advantages such as flow compensation, efficient k-space sampling and robustness against motion that make this option a viable choice among other non-Cartesian sampling schemes. For this reason, the main applications of spiral imaging lie in dynamic magnetic resonance imaging such as cardiac imaging and functional brain imaging. However, these advantages are counterbalanced by practical difficulties that render spiral imaging quite challenging. Firstly, the design of gradient waveforms and its hardware requires specific attention. Secondly, the reconstruction of such data is no longer straightforward because k-space samples are no longer aligned on a Cartesian grid. Thirdly, to take advantage of parallel imaging techniques, the common generalized autocalibrating partially parallel acquisitions (GRAPPA) or sensitivity encoding (SENSE) algorithms need to be extended. Finally, and most notably, spiral images are prone to particular artifacts such as blurring due to gradient deviations and off-resonance effects caused by B(0) inhomogeneity and concomitant gradient fields. In this article, various difficulties that spiral imaging brings along, and the solutions, which have been developed and proposed in literature, will be reviewed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bénédicte M A Delattre
- Radiology Clinic, Geneva University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, 1211 Geneva 14, Switzerland.
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