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Li X, Huang W, Holmes JH. Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced (DCE) MRI. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 2024; 32:47-61. [PMID: 38007282 DOI: 10.1016/j.mric.2023.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2023]
Abstract
The non-invasive dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) method provides valuable insights into tissue perfusion and vascularity. Primarily used in oncology, DCE-MRI is typically utilized to assess morphology and contrast agent (CA) kinetics in the tissue of interest. Interpretation of the temporal signatures of DCE-MRI data includes qualitative, semi-quantitative, and quantitative approaches. Recent advances in MRI technology allow simultaneous high spatial and temporal resolutions in DCE-MRI data acquisition on most vendor platforms, enabling the more desirable approach of quantitative data analysis using pharmacokinetic (PK) modeling. Many technical factors, including signal-to-noise ratio, temporal resolution, quantifications of arterial input function and native tissue T1, and PK model selection, need to be carefully considered when performing quantitative DCE-MRI. Standardization in data acquisition and analysis is especially important in multi-center studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - Wei Huang
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA
| | - James H Holmes
- Radiology, Biomedical Engineering, and Holden Cancer Center, University of Iowa, 169 Newton Road, Iowa City, IA 52242, USA.
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Arslan M, Haider A, Khurshid M, Abu Bakar SSU, Jani R, Masood F, Tahir T, Mitchell K, Panchagnula S, Mandair S. From Pixels to Pathology: Employing Computer Vision to Decode Chest Diseases in Medical Images. Cureus 2023; 15:e45587. [PMID: 37868395 PMCID: PMC10587792 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.45587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Radiology has been a pioneer in the healthcare industry's digital transformation, incorporating digital imaging systems like picture archiving and communication system (PACS) and teleradiology over the past thirty years. This shift has reshaped radiology services, positioning the field at a crucial junction for potential evolution into an integrated diagnostic service through artificial intelligence and machine learning. These technologies offer advanced tools for radiology's transformation. The radiology community has advanced computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) tools using machine learning techniques, notably deep learning convolutional neural networks (CNNs), for medical image pattern recognition. However, the integration of CAD tools into clinical practice has been hindered by challenges in workflow integration, unclear business models, and limited clinical benefits, despite development dating back to the 1990s. This comprehensive review focuses on detecting chest-related diseases through techniques like chest X-rays (CXRs), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), nuclear medicine, and computed tomography (CT) scans. It examines the utilization of computer-aided programs by researchers for disease detection, addressing key areas: the role of computer-aided programs in disease detection advancement, recent developments in MRI, CXR, radioactive tracers, and CT scans for chest disease identification, research gaps for more effective development, and the incorporation of machine learning programs into diagnostic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Arslan
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Royal Infirmary of Edinburgh, National Health Service (NHS) Lothian, Edinburgh, GBR
| | - Ali Haider
- Department of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, Gujrat Campus, Gujrat, PAK
| | - Mohsin Khurshid
- Department of Microbiology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, PAK
| | | | - Rutva Jani
- Department of Internal Medicine, C. U. Shah Medical College and Hospital, Gujarat, IND
| | - Fatima Masood
- Department of Internal Medicine, Gulf Medical University, Ajman, ARE
| | - Tuba Tahir
- Department of Business Administration, Iqra University, Karachi, PAK
| | - Kyle Mitchell
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Science, Arts and Technology, Olveston, MSR
| | - Smruthi Panchagnula
- Department of Internal Medicine, Ganni Subbalakshmi Lakshmi (GSL) Medical College, Hyderabad, IND
| | - Satpreet Mandair
- Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of the Americas, Charlestown, KNA
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3
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Cao J, Pickup S, Rosen M, Zhou R. Impact of Arterial Input Function and Pharmacokinetic Models on DCE-MRI Biomarkers for Detection of Vascular Effect Induced by Stroma-Directed Drug in an Orthotopic Mouse Model of Pancreatic Cancer. Mol Imaging Biol 2023:10.1007/s11307-023-01824-7. [PMID: 37166575 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-023-01824-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We demonstrated earlier in mouse models of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) that Ktrans derived from dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI detected microvascular effect induced by PEGPH20, a hyaluronidase which removes stromal hyaluronan, leading to reduced interstitial fluid pressure in the tumor (Clinical Cancer Res (2019) 25: 2314-2322). How the choice of pharmacokinetic (PK) model and arterial input function (AIF) may impact DCE-derived markers for detecting such an effect is not known. PROCEDURES Retrospective analyses of the DCE-MRI of the orthotopic PDA model are performed to examine the impact of individual versus group AIF combined with Tofts model (TM), extended-Tofts model (ETM), or shutter-speed model (SSM) on the ability to detect the microvascular changes induced by PEGPH20 treatment. RESULTS Individual AIF exhibit a marked difference in peak gadolinium concentration. However, across all three PK models, kep values show a significant correlation between individual versus group-AIF (p < 0.01). Regardless individual or group AIF, when kep is obtained from fitting the DCE-MRI data using the SSM, kep shows a significant increase after PEGPH20 treatment (p < 0.05 compared to the baseline); %change of kep from baseline to post-treatment is also significantly different between PEGPH20 versus vehicle group (p < 0.05). In comparison, when kep is derived from the TM, only the use of individual AIF leads to a significant increase of kep after PEGPH20 treatment, whereas the %change of kep is not different between PEGPH20 versus vehicle group. Group AIF but not individual AIF allows detection of a significant increase of Vp (derived from the ETM) in PEGPH20 versus vehicle group (p < 0.05). Increase of Vp is consistent with a large increase of mean capillary lumen area estimated from immunostaining. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that kep derived from SSM and Vp from ETM, both using group AIF, are optimal for the detection of microvascular changes induced by stroma-directed drug PEGPH20. These analyses provide insights in the choice of PK model and AIF for optimal DCE protocol design in mouse pancreatic cancer models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Cao
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Current address: Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Stephen Pickup
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Mark Rosen
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Rong Zhou
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.
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4
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Maatman IT, Ypma S, Kachelrieß M, Berker Y, van der Bijl E, Block KT, Hermans JJ, Maas MC, Scheenen TWJ. Single-spoke binning: Reducing motion artifacts in abdominal radial stack-of-stars imaging. Magn Reson Med 2023; 89:1931-1944. [PMID: 36594436 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.29576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To increase the effectiveness of respiratory gating in radial stack-of-stars MRI, particularly when imaging at high spatial resolutions or with multiple echoes. METHODS Free induction decay (FID) navigators were integrated into a three-dimensional gradient echo radial stack-of-stars pulse sequence. These navigators provided a motion signal with a high temporal resolution, which allowed single-spoke binning (SSB): each spoke at each phase encode step was sorted individually to the corresponding motion state of the respiratory signal. SSB was compared with spoke-angle binning (SAB), in which all phase encode steps of one projection angle were sorted without the use of additional navigator data. To illustrate the benefit of SSB over SAB, images of a motion phantom and of six free-breathing volunteers were reconstructed after motion-gating using either method. Image sharpness was quantitatively compared using image gradient entropies. RESULTS The proposed method resulted in sharper images of the motion phantom and free-breathing volunteers. Differences in gradient entropy were statistically significant (p = 0.03) in favor of SSB. The increased accuracy of motion-gating led to a decrease of streaking artifacts in motion-gated four-dimensional reconstructions. To consistently estimate respiratory signals from the FID-navigator data, specific types of gradient spoiler waveforms were required. CONCLUSION SSB allowed high-resolution motion-corrected MR imaging, even when acquiring multiple gradient echo signals or large acquisition matrices, without sacrificing accuracy of motion-gating. SSB thus relieves restrictions on the choice of pulse sequence parameters, enabling the use of motion-gated radial stack-of-stars MRI in a broader domain of clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivo T Maatman
- Department of Medical Imaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Sjoerd Ypma
- Department of Medical Imaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marc Kachelrieß
- Division of X-Ray Imaging and Computed Tomography, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Yannick Berker
- Hopp Children's Cancer Center Heidelberg (KiTZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Clinical Cooperation Unit Pediatric Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ) and German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany.,National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT) Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Erik van der Bijl
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Kai Tobias Block
- Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - John J Hermans
- Department of Medical Imaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Marnix C Maas
- Department of Medical Imaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Tom W J Scheenen
- Department of Medical Imaging, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
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Gao C, Ghodrati V, Shih SF, Wu HH, Liu Y, Nickel MD, Vahle T, Dale B, Sai V, Felker E, Surawech C, Miao Q, Finn JP, Zhong X, Hu P. Undersampling artifact reduction for free-breathing 3D stack-of-radial MRI based on a deep adversarial learning network. Magn Reson Imaging 2023; 95:70-79. [PMID: 36270417 PMCID: PMC10163826 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2022.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Stack-of-radial MRI allows free-breathing abdominal scans, however, it requires relatively long acquisition time. Undersampling reduces scan time but can cause streaking artifacts and degrade image quality. This study developed deep learning networks with adversarial loss and evaluated the performance of reducing streaking artifacts and preserving perceptual image sharpness. METHODS A 3D generative adversarial network (GAN) was developed for reducing streaking artifacts in stack-of-radial abdominal scans. Training and validation datasets were self-gated to 5 respiratory states to reduce motion artifacts and to effectively augment the data. The network used a combination of three loss functions to constrain the anatomy and preserve image quality: adversarial loss, mean-squared-error loss and structural similarity index loss. The performance of the network was investigated for 3-5 times undersampled data from 2 institutions. The performance of the GAN for 5 times accelerated images was compared with a 3D U-Net and evaluated using quantitative NMSE, SSIM and region of interest (ROI) measurements as well as qualitative scores of radiologists. RESULTS The 3D GAN showed similar NMSE (0.0657 vs. 0.0559, p = 0.5217) and significantly higher SSIM (0.841 vs. 0.798, p < 0.0001) compared to U-Net. ROI analysis showed GAN removed streaks in both the background air and the tissue and was not significantly different from the reference mean and variations. Radiologists' scores showed GAN had a significant improvement of 1.6 point (p = 0.004) on a 4-point scale in streaking score while no significant difference in sharpness score compared to the input. CONCLUSION 3D GAN removes streaking artifacts and preserves perceptual image details.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Gao
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Inter-Departmental Graduate Program of Physics and Biology in Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Vahid Ghodrati
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Inter-Departmental Graduate Program of Physics and Biology in Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Shu-Fu Shih
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Holden H Wu
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Inter-Departmental Graduate Program of Physics and Biology in Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Yongkai Liu
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Inter-Departmental Graduate Program of Physics and Biology in Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | | | - Thomas Vahle
- MR Application Predevelopment, Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Brian Dale
- MR R&D Collaborations, Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc., Cary, NC, United States
| | - Victor Sai
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Ely Felker
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Chuthaporn Surawech
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Department of Radiology, Division of Diagnostic Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University and King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Qi Miao
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, China
| | - J Paul Finn
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Inter-Departmental Graduate Program of Physics and Biology in Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Xiaodong Zhong
- MR R&D Collaborations, Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc., Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Peng Hu
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States; Inter-Departmental Graduate Program of Physics and Biology in Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States.
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Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI in the Abdomen of Mice with High Temporal and Spatial Resolution Using Stack-of-Stars Sampling and KWIC Reconstruction. Tomography 2022; 8:2113-2128. [PMID: 36136874 PMCID: PMC9498490 DOI: 10.3390/tomography8050178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Application of quantitative dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI in mouse models of abdominal cancer is challenging due to the effects of RF inhomogeneity, image corruption from rapid respiratory motion and the need for high spatial and temporal resolutions. Here we demonstrate a DCE protocol optimized for such applications. The method consists of three acquisitions: (1) actual flip-angle B1 mapping, (2) variable flip-angle T1 mapping and (3) acquisition of the DCE series using a motion-robust radial strategy with k-space weighted image contrast (KWIC) reconstruction. All three acquisitions employ spoiled radial imaging with stack-of-stars sampling (SoS) and golden-angle increments between the views. This scheme is shown to minimize artifacts due to respiratory motion while simultaneously facilitating view-sharing image reconstruction for the dynamic series. The method is demonstrated in a genetically engineered mouse model of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and yielded mean perfusion parameters of Ktrans = 0.23 ± 0.14 min−1 and ve = 0.31 ± 0.17 (n = 22) over a wide range of tumor sizes. The SoS-sampled DCE method is shown to produce artifact-free images with good SNR leading to robust estimation of DCE parameters.
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7
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Romanello Joaquim M, Furth EE, Fan Y, Song HK, Pickup S, Cao J, Choi H, Gupta M, Cao Q, Shinohara R, McMenamin D, Clendenin C, Karasic TB, Duda J, Gee JC, O’Dwyer PJ, Rosen MA, Zhou R. DWI Metrics Differentiating Benign Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms from Invasive Pancreatic Cancer: A Study in GEM Models. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14164017. [PMID: 36011011 PMCID: PMC9406679 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14164017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
KPC (KrasG12D:Trp53R172H:Pdx1-Cre) and CKS (KrasG12D:Smad4L/L:Ptf1a-Cre) mice are genetically engineered mouse (GEM) models that capture features of human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) and intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN), respectively. We compared these autochthonous tumors using quantitative imaging metrics from diffusion-weighted MRI (DW-MRI) and dynamic contrast enhanced (DCE)-MRI in reference to quantitative histological metrics including cell density, fibrosis, and microvasculature density. Our results revealed distinct DW-MRI metrics between the KPC vs. CKS model (mimicking human PDAC vs. IPMN lesion): the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) of CKS tumors is significantly higher than that of KPC, with little overlap (mean ± SD 2.24±0.2 vs. 1.66±0.2, p<10−10) despite intratumor and intertumor variability. Kurtosis index (KI) is also distinctively separated in the two models. DW imaging metrics are consistent with growth pattern, cell density, and the cystic nature of the CKS tumors. Coregistration of ex vivo ADC maps with H&E-stained sections allowed for regional comparison and showed a correlation between local cell density and ADC value. In conclusion, studies in GEM models demonstrate the potential utility of diffusion-weighted MRI metrics for distinguishing pancreatic cancer from benign pancreatic cysts such as IPMN.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Emma E. Furth
- Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Yong Fan
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Hee Kwon Song
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Stephen Pickup
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jianbo Cao
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Hoon Choi
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Mamta Gupta
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Quy Cao
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Russell Shinohara
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Informatics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Deirdre McMenamin
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Cynthia Clendenin
- Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Thomas B. Karasic
- Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Jeffrey Duda
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - James C. Gee
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Peter J. O’Dwyer
- Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Mark A. Rosen
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Rong Zhou
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
- Correspondence:
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Xu P, Zhang J, Nan Z, Meersmann T, Wang C. Free-Breathing Phase-Resolved Oxygen-Enhanced Pulmonary MRI Based on 3D Stack-of-Stars UTE Sequence. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 22:3270. [PMID: 35590959 PMCID: PMC9105788 DOI: 10.3390/s22093270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Compared with hyperpolarized noble gas MRI, oxygen-enhanced lung imaging is a cost-effective approach to investigate lung function. In this study, we investigated the feasibility of free-breathing phase-resolved oxygen-enhanced pulmonary MRI based on a 3D stack-of-stars ultra-short echo time (UTE) sequence. We conducted both computer simulation and in vivo experiments and calculated percent signal enhancement maps of four different respiratory phases on four healthy volunteers from the end of expiration to the end of inspiration. The phantom experiment was implemented to verify simulation results. The respiratory phase was segmented based on the extracted respiratory signal and sliding window reconstruction, providing phase-resolved pulmonary MRI. Demons registration algorithm was applied to compensate for respiratory motion. The mean percent signal enhancement of the average phase increases from anterior to posterior region, matching previous literature. More details of pulmonary tissues were observed on post-oxygen inhalation images through the phase-resolved technique. Phase-resolved UTE pulmonary MRI shows the potential as a valuable method for oxygen-enhanced MRI that enables the investigation of lung ventilation on middle states of the respiratory cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengfei Xu
- Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China; (P.X.); (J.Z.); (Z.N.)
| | - Jichang Zhang
- Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China; (P.X.); (J.Z.); (Z.N.)
| | - Zhen Nan
- Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China; (P.X.); (J.Z.); (Z.N.)
| | - Thomas Meersmann
- Sir Peter Mansfield Magnetic Imaging Center, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK;
| | - Chengbo Wang
- Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Nottingham Ningbo China, Ningbo 315100, China; (P.X.); (J.Z.); (Z.N.)
- Nottingham Ningbo China Beacons of Excellence Research and Innovation Institute, Ningbo 315040, China
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9
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Feng L. Golden-Angle Radial MRI: Basics, Advances, and Applications. J Magn Reson Imaging 2022; 56:45-62. [PMID: 35396897 PMCID: PMC9189059 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.28187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, golden‐angle radial sampling has received substantial attention and interest in the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) community, and it has become a popular sampling trajectory for both research and clinical use. However, although the number of relevant techniques and publications has grown rapidly, there is still a lack of a review paper that provides a comprehensive overview and summary of the basics of golden‐angle rotation, the advantages and challenges/limitations of golden‐angle radial sampling, and recommendations in using different types of golden‐angle radial trajectories for MRI applications. Such a review paper is expected to be helpful both for clinicians who are interested in learning the potential benefits of golden‐angle radial sampling and for MRI physicists who are interested in exploring this research direction. The main purpose of this review paper is thus to present an overview and summary about golden‐angle radial MRI sampling. The review consists of three sections. The first section aims to answer basic questions such as: what is a golden angle; how is the golden angle calculated; why is golden‐angle radial sampling useful, and what are its limitations. The second section aims to review more advanced trajectories of golden‐angle radial sampling, including tiny golden‐angle rotation, stack‐of‐stars golden‐angle radial sampling, and three‐dimensional (3D) kooshball golden‐angle radial sampling. Their respective advantages and limitations and potential solutions to address these limitations are also discussed. Finally, the third section reviews MRI applications that can benefit from golden‐angle radial sampling and provides recommendations to readers who are interested in implementing golden‐angle radial trajectories in their MRI studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Feng
- BioMedical Engineering and Imaging Institute (BMEII) and Department of Radiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
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10
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Zhang Q, Spincemaille P, Drotman M, Chen C, Eskreis-Winkler S, Huang W, Zhou L, Morgan J, Nguyen TD, Prince MR, Wang Y. Quantitative transport mapping (QTM) for differentiating benign and malignant breast lesion: Comparison with traditional kinetics modeling and semi-quantitative enhancement curve characteristics. Magn Reson Imaging 2022; 86:86-93. [PMID: 34748928 PMCID: PMC8726426 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2021.10.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To test the feasibility of using quantitative transport mapping (QTM) method, which is based on the inversion of transport equation using spatial deconvolution without any arterial input function, for automatically postprocessing dynamic contrast enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) to differentiate malignant and benign breast tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS Breast DCE-MRI data with biopsy confirmed malignant (n = 13) and benign tumors (n = 13) was used to assess QTM velocity (|u|) and diffusion coefficient (D), volume transfer constant (Ktrans), volume fraction of extravascular extracellular space (Ve) from kinetics method, and traditional enhancement curve characteristics (ECC: amplitude A, wash-in rate α, wash-out rate β). A Mann-Whitney U test and receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis were performed to assess the diagnostic performance of these parameters for distinguishing between benign and malignant tumors. RESULTS Between malignant and benign tumors, there was a significant difference in |u| and Ktrans, (p = 0.0066, 0.0274, respectively), but not in D, Ve, A, α and β (p = 0.1119, 0.2382, 0.4418,0.2592 and 0.9591, respectively). ROC area-under-the-curve was 0.82, 0.75 (95% confidence level 0.60-0.95, 0.51-0.90) for |u| and Ktrans, respectively. CONCLUSION QTM postprocesses DCE-MRI automatically through deconvolution in space and time to solve the inverse problem of the transport equation. Comparing with traditional kinetics method and ECC, QTM method showed better diagnostic accuracy in differentiating benign from malignant breast tumors in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qihao Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY,Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Pascal Spincemaille
- Department of Radiology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY
| | - Michele Drotman
- Department of Radiology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY
| | - Christine Chen
- Department of Radiology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY
| | | | - Weiyuan Huang
- Department of Radiology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY
| | - Liangdong Zhou
- Department of Radiology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY
| | - John Morgan
- Department of Radiology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY
| | - Thanh D. Nguyen
- Department of Radiology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY
| | - Martin R. Prince
- Department of Radiology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Radiology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY,Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
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11
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Eldeniz C, Gan W, Chen S, Fraum TJ, Ludwig DR, Yan Y, Liu J, Vahle T, Krishnamurthy U, Kamilov US, An H. Phase2Phase: Respiratory Motion-Resolved Reconstruction of Free-Breathing Magnetic Resonance Imaging Using Deep Learning Without a Ground Truth for Improved Liver Imaging. Invest Radiol 2021; 56:809-819. [PMID: 34038064 DOI: 10.1097/rli.0000000000000792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Respiratory binning of free-breathing magnetic resonance imaging data reduces motion blurring; however, it exacerbates noise and introduces severe artifacts due to undersampling. Deep neural networks can remove artifacts and noise but usually require high-quality ground truth images for training. This study aimed to develop a network that can be trained without this requirement. MATERIALS AND METHODS This retrospective study was conducted on 33 participants enrolled between November 2016 and June 2019. Free-breathing magnetic resonance imaging was performed using a radial acquisition. Self-navigation was used to bin the k-space data into 10 respiratory phases. To simulate short acquisitions, subsets of radial spokes were used in reconstructing images with multicoil nonuniform fast Fourier transform (MCNUFFT), compressed sensing (CS), and 2 deep learning methods: UNet3DPhase and Phase2Phase (P2P). UNet3DPhase was trained using a high-quality ground truth, whereas P2P was trained using noisy images with streaking artifacts. Two radiologists blinded to the reconstruction methods independently reviewed the sharpness, contrast, and artifact-freeness of the end-expiration images reconstructed from data collected at 16% of the Nyquist sampling rate. The generalized estimating equation method was used for statistical comparison. Motion vector fields were derived to examine the respiratory motion range of 4-dimensional images reconstructed using different methods. RESULTS A total of 15 healthy participants and 18 patients with hepatic malignancy (50 ± 15 years, 6 women) were enrolled. Both reviewers found that the UNet3DPhase and P2P images had higher contrast (P < 0.01) and fewer artifacts (P < 0.01) than the CS images. The UNet3DPhase and P2P images were reported to be sharper than the CS images by 1 reviewer (P < 0.01) but not by the other reviewer (P = 0.22, P = 0.18). UNet3DPhase and P2P were similar in sharpness and contrast, whereas UNet3DPhase had fewer artifacts (P < 0.01). The motion vector lengths for the MCNUFFT800 and P2P800 images were comparable (10.5 ± 4.2 mm and 9.9 ± 4.0 mm, respectively), whereas both were significantly larger than CS2000 (7.0 ± 3.9 mm; P < 0.0001) and UNnet3DPhase800 (6.9 ± 3.2; P < 0.0001) images. CONCLUSIONS Without a ground truth, P2P can reconstruct sharp, artifact-free, and high-contrast respiratory motion-resolved images from highly undersampled data. Unlike the CS and UNet3DPhase methods, P2P did not artificially reduce the respiratory motion range.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Weijie Gan
- Department of Computer Science & Engineering
| | | | | | | | | | - Jiaming Liu
- Department of Electrical and System Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri
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12
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Chow LS, Paley MNJ. Recent advances on optic nerve magnetic resonance imaging and post-processing. Magn Reson Imaging 2021; 79:76-84. [PMID: 33753137 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2021.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 03/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The optic nerve is known to be one of the largest nerve bundles in the human central nervous system. There have been many studies of optic nerve imaging and post-processing that have provided insights into pathophysiology of optic neuritis related to multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, glaucoma, and Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy. There are many challenges in optic nerve imaging, due to the morphology of the nerve through its course to the optic chiasm, its mobility due to eye movements and the high signal from cerebrospinal fluid and orbital fat surrounding the optic nerve. Recently, many advanced and fast imaging sequences have been used with post-processing techniques in attempts to produce higher resolution images of the optic nerve for evaluating various diseases. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is one of the most common imaging methodologies for the optic nerve. This review paper will focus on recent MRI advances in optic nerve imaging and explain several post-processing techniques being used for analysis of optic nerve images. Finally, some challenges and potential for future optic nerve studies will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Sze Chow
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment, UCSI University, 1, Jalan Puncak Menara Gading, Taman Connaught, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Martyn N J Paley
- Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, The Medical School, The University of Sheffield, Beech Hill Road, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK.
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13
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Respiratory Motion Mitigation and Repeatability of Two Diffusion-Weighted MRI Methods Applied to a Murine Model of Spontaneous Pancreatic Cancer. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021; 7:66-79. [PMID: 33704226 PMCID: PMC8048371 DOI: 10.3390/tomography7010007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Respiratory motion and increased susceptibility effects at high magnetic fields pose challenges for quantitative diffusion-weighted MRI (DWI) of a mouse abdomen on preclinical MRI systems. We demonstrate the first application of radial k-space-sampled (RAD) DWI of a mouse abdomen using a genetically engineered mouse model of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) on a 4.7 T preclinical scanner equipped with moderate gradient capability. RAD DWI was compared with the echo-planar imaging (EPI)-based DWI method with similar voxel volumes and acquisition times over a wide range of b-values (0.64, 535, 1071, 1478, and 2141 mm2/s). The repeatability metrics are assessed in a rigorous test-retest study (n = 10 for each DWI protocol). The four-shot EPI DWI protocol leads to higher signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in diffusion-weighted images with persisting ghosting artifacts, whereas the RAD DWI protocol produces relatively artifact-free images over all b-values examined. Despite different degrees of motion mitigation, both RAD DWI and EPI DWI allow parametric maps of apparent diffusion coefficients (ADC) to be produced, and the ADC of the PDAC tumor estimated by the two methods are 1.3 ± 0.24 and 1.5 ± 0.28 × 10-3 mm2/s, respectively (p = 0.075, n = 10), and those of a water phantom are 3.2 ± 0.29 and 2.8 ± 0.15 × 10-3 mm2/s, respectively (p = 0.001, n = 10). Bland-Altman plots and probability density function reveal good repeatability for both protocols, whose repeatability metrics do not differ significantly. In conclusion, RAD DWI enables a more effective respiratory motion mitigation but lower SNR, while the performance of EPI DWI is expected to improve with more advanced gradient hardware.
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14
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Dovjak GO, Kanbur I, Prayer F, Brugger PC, Gruber GM, Weber M, Stuhr F, Ulm B, Kasprian GJ, Prayer D. Comparison of the colon with T1 breath-hold vs T1 free-breathing-A retrospective fetal MRI study. Eur J Radiol 2020; 134:109457. [PMID: 33302027 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2020.109457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) plays an increasingly important role in the prenatal diagnosis of gastrointestinal abnormalities. During gestation, the bowel develops T1-weighted hyperintensity due to meconium formation. Currently used T1-weighted sequences are performed in maternal breath-hold (BH) technique, which may take up to 20 s. The free-breathing (FB) T1-weighted 3D radial VIBE (volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination) sequence requires no breath-hold, improving patient comfort. This study aimed to address how well the FB acquisition technique can visualize large bowel structures compared to the routinely performed breath-hold sequence. METHODS Forty-seven fetal MRI studies between 21 and 36 weeks of gestation without abdominal pathologies on prenatal MRI and ultrasound were included. All fetal scans were performed using a Philips Ingenia 1.5 T MRI. Coronal T1-weighted BH and FB sequences without fat suppression were compared. The following acquisition parameters were used (T1, FB): resolution 1.137 mm, 1.004 mm; matrix size 288 × 288, 448 × 448; FOV 328 mm, 450 mm; TR 81-132 ms, 3.47 ms; TE 4.6 ms, 1.47 ms. Due to the necessity of the breath-hold the duration of the sequence could not exceed 20 s (mean duration of the T1-weighted BH sequence 15.17 s, and mean duration of the FB sequence 26.42 s). In all examined fetuses the following structures were evaluated with respect to their visibility (0-not visible, 1-partially visible, 2-clearly visible): rectum, sigmoid, descending, transverse and ascending colon, cecum. Furthermore, motion artifacts were assessed (0-none, 1-intermediate, 2-severe motion artifacts), and the signal intensity (SI) ratio between maternal fat and fetal rectum SI was calculated. RESULTS No significant differences in the visibility of sigmoid and colon between BH and FB were detected, only the cecum could be seen slightly better (in 29.8 % of cases) using BH technique. Motion artifacts were similar between BH and FB. There was a non-significant SI difference (p = 0.68) in the rectum, with a higher SI in the BH sequence. CONCLUSIONS The FB acquisition technique compared to T1 using BH is equal regarding visibility of bowel structures and artifacts. Due to non-inferiority to the BH technique, the FB sequence is a good alternative in cases where BH cannot be performed. As the FB sequence further allows for thinner slices with a good signal, even small bowel loops may be visualized.
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Affiliation(s)
- G O Dovjak
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - I Kanbur
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - F Prayer
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - P C Brugger
- Center for Anatomy and Cell Biology, Department of Anatomy, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - G M Gruber
- Department of Anatomy and Biomechanics, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, Krems, Austria
| | - M Weber
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - F Stuhr
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - B Ulm
- Department of Obstetrics and Feto-Maternal Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - G J Kasprian
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - D Prayer
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image-Guided Therapy, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.
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15
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Lazarus C, Weiss P, El Gueddari L, Mauconduit F, Massire A, Ripart M, Vignaud A, Ciuciu P. 3D variable-density SPARKLING trajectories for high-resolution T2*-weighted magnetic resonance imaging. NMR IN BIOMEDICINE 2020; 33:e4349. [PMID: 32613699 DOI: 10.1002/nbm.4349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We have recently proposed a new optimization algorithm called SPARKLING (Spreading Projection Algorithm for Rapid K-space sampLING) to design efficient compressive sampling patterns for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). This method has a few advantages over conventional non-Cartesian trajectories such as radial lines or spirals: i) it allows to sample the k-space along any arbitrary density while the other two are restricted to radial densities and ii) it optimizes the gradient waveforms for a given readout time. Here, we introduce an extension of the SPARKLING method for 3D imaging by considering both stacks-of-SPARKLING and fully 3D SPARKLING trajectories. Our method allowed to achieve an isotropic resolution of 600 μm in just 45 seconds for T2∗-weighted ex vivo brain imaging at 7 Tesla over a field-of-view of 200 × 200 × 140 mm3 . Preliminary in vivo human brain data shows that a stack-of-SPARKLING is less subject to off-resonance artifacts than a stack-of-spirals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carole Lazarus
- CEA, CNRS, BAOBAB, NeuroSpin, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, 91191, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, France
- INRIA, Parietal, Palaiseau, 91120, France
| | - Pierre Weiss
- ITAV USR3505 CNRS, Toulouse, 31000, France
- IMT UMR 5219 CNRS, Toulouse, 31400, France
- Université de Toulouse, France
| | - Loubna El Gueddari
- CEA, CNRS, BAOBAB, NeuroSpin, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, 91191, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, France
- INRIA, Parietal, Palaiseau, 91120, France
| | | | - Aurélien Massire
- CEA, CNRS, BAOBAB, NeuroSpin, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, 91191, France
| | - Mathilde Ripart
- CEA, CNRS, BAOBAB, NeuroSpin, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, 91191, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, France
| | - Alexandre Vignaud
- CEA, CNRS, BAOBAB, NeuroSpin, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, 91191, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, France
| | - Philippe Ciuciu
- CEA, CNRS, BAOBAB, NeuroSpin, Gif-sur-Yvette cedex, 91191, France
- Université Paris-Saclay, France
- INRIA, Parietal, Palaiseau, 91120, France
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16
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Sim AJ, Kaza E, Singer L, Rosenberg SA. A review of the role of MRI in diagnosis and treatment of early stage lung cancer. Clin Transl Radiat Oncol 2020; 24:16-22. [PMID: 32596518 PMCID: PMC7306507 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctro.2020.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) being a mainstay in the oncologic care for many disease sites, it has not routinely been used in early lung cancer diagnosis, staging, and treatment. While MRI provides improved soft tissue contrast compared to computed tomography (CT), an advantage in multiple organs, the physical properties of the lungs and mediastinum create unique challenges for lung MRI. Although multi-detector CT remains the gold standard for lung imaging, advances in MRI technology have led to its increased clinical relevance in evaluating early stage lung cancer. Even though positron emission tomography is used more frequently in this context, functional MR imaging, including diffusion-weighted MRI and dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI, are emerging as useful modalities for both diagnosis and evaluation of treatment response for lung cancer. In parallel with these advances, the development of combined MRI and linear accelerator devices (MR-linacs), has spurred the integration of MRI into radiation treatment delivery in the form of MR-guided radiotherapy (MRgRT). Despite challenges for MRgRT in early stage lung cancer radiotherapy, early data utilizing MR-linacs shows potential for the treatment of early lung cancer. In both diagnosis and treatment, MRI is a promising modality for imaging early lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Austin J. Sim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 USF Magnolia Dr., Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Evangelia Kaza
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham & Women’s Hospital & Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St., Boston, MA, USA
| | - Lisa Singer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Brigham & Women’s Hospital & Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St., Boston, MA, USA
| | - Stephen A. Rosenberg
- Department of Radiation Oncology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research Institute, 12902 USF Magnolia Dr., Tampa, FL, USA
- University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, 12901 Bruce B. Downs Blvd., Tampa, FL, USA
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17
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Patel KB, Eldeniz C, Skolnick GB, Jammalamadaka U, Commean PK, Goyal MS, Smyth MD, An H. 3D pediatric cranial bone imaging using high-resolution MRI for visualizing cranial sutures: a pilot study. J Neurosurg Pediatr 2020; 26:311-317. [PMID: 32534502 PMCID: PMC7736460 DOI: 10.3171/2020.4.peds20131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is an unmet need to perform imaging in young children and obtain CT-equivalent cranial bone images without subjecting the patients to radiation. In this study, the authors propose using a high-resolution fast low-angle shot golden-angle 3D stack-of-stars radial volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination (GA-VIBE) MRI sequence that is intrinsically robust to motion and has enhanced bone versus soft-tissue contrast. METHODS Patients younger than 11 years of age, who underwent clinical head CT scanning for craniosynostosis or other cranial malformations, were eligible for the study. 3D reconstructed images created from the GA-VIBE MRI sequence and the gold-standard CT scan were randomized and presented to 3 blinded reviewers. For all image sets, each reviewer noted the presence or absence of the 6 primary cranial sutures and recorded on 5-point Likert scales whether they recommended a second scan be performed. RESULTS Eleven patients (median age 1.8 years) underwent MRI after clinical head CT scanning was performed. Five of the 11 patients were sedated. Three clinicians reviewed the images, and there were no cases, either with CT scans or MR images, in which a reviewer agreed a repeat scan was required for diagnosis or surgical planning. The reviewers reported clear imaging of the regions of interest on 99% of the CT reviews and 96% of the MRI reviews. With CT as the standard, the sensitivity and specificity of the GA-VIBE MRI sequence to detect suture closure were 97% and 96%, respectively (n = 198 sutures read). CONCLUSIONS The 3D reconstructed images using the GA-VIBE sequence in comparison to the CT scans created clinically acceptable cranial images capable of detecting cranial sutures. Future directions include reducing the scan time, improving motion correction, and automating postprocessing for clinical utility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamlesh B. Patel
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Cihat Eldeniz
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Gary B. Skolnick
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri
| | | | - Paul K. Commean
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Manu S. Goyal
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Matthew D. Smyth
- Department of Neurosurgery, Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Hongyu An
- Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri
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Clinical Implementation of a Free-Breathing, Motion-Robust Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MRI Protocol to Evaluate Pleural Tumors. AJR Am J Roentgenol 2020; 215:94-104. [PMID: 32348181 DOI: 10.2214/ajr.19.21612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE. The purpose of this study was to develop a motion insensitive clinical dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) protocol to assess the response of pleural tumors in clinical trials. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Thirty-two patients with pleura-based lesions were administered contrast material and imaged with gradient-recalled echo DCE-MRI sequence variants: either a traditional cartesian k-space acquisition (FLASH), a time-resolved imaging with stochastic trajectories acquisition (TWIST), or a radial stack-of-stars acquisition (radial) sequence in addition to other standard-of-care imaging sequences. Each image acquisition's sensitivity to motion was evaluated by comparing the motion of the thoracic border in 3D throughout the acquisition. One-way ANOVA was used to compare the image quality between different acquisitions. The 95% CIs were calculated for mean thoracic border displacement. The effects of motion on kinetic parameter estimation were explored with simulations according to clinically acquired data. RESULTS. Radial was the most motion-robust sequence with subvoxel mean displacement in the superior-inferior direction (0.4 ± 1.2 [SD] mm). FLASH showed intermediate displacement (4.6 ± 2.0 mm), whereas TWIST was most sensitive to motion (6.4 ± 3.4 mm). Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) of the images acquired with the radial sequence were on par or better than the FLASH and TWIST sequences when reconstructed with an improved density compensation algorithm. Simulations showed that motion on scans showing pleural-based lesions can lead to markedly inaccurate kinetic parameter estimation and inappropriate kinetic model convergence within a nested model analysis. CONCLUSION. A practical radial k-space trajectory sequence that provides motion-insensitive pharmacokinetic parameters was incorporated as part of the DCE-MRI protocol of pleural tumors. Validation and usefulness in clinical trials assessing response to therapy is needed.
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Shahzadi I, Siddiqui MF, Aslam I, Omer H. Respiratory motion compensation using data binning in dynamic contrast enhanced golden-angle radial MRI. Magn Reson Imaging 2020; 70:115-125. [PMID: 32360531 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2020.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
GRASP (Golden-Angle Radial Sparse Parallel MRI) is a data acquisition and reconstruction technique that combines parallel imaging and golden-angle radial sampling. The continuously acquired free breathing Dynamic Contrast Enhanced (DCE) golden-angle radial MRI data of liver and abdomen has artifacts due to respiratory motion, resulting in low vessel-tissue contrast that makes GRASP reconstructed images less suitable for diagnosis. In this paper, DCE golden-angle radial MRI data of abdomen and liver perfusion is sorted into different motion states using the self-gating property of radial acquisition and then reconstructed using GRASP. Three methods of amplitude-based data binning namely uniform binning, adaptive binning and optimal binning are applied on the DCE golden-angle radial data to extract different motion states and a comparison is performed with the conventional GRASP reconstruction. Also, a comparison among the amplitude-based data binning techniques is performed and benefits of each of these binning techniques are discussed from a clinical perspective. The image quality assessment in terms of hepatic vessel clarity, liver edge sharpness, contrast enhancement clarity and streaking artifacts is performed by a certified radiologist. The results show that DCE golden-angle radial trajectories benefit from all the three types of amplitude-based data binning methods providing improved reconstruction results. The choice of binning technique depends upon the clinical application e.g. uniform and adaptive binning are helpful for a detailed analysis of lesion characteristic and contrast enhancement in different motion states while optimal binning can be used when clinical analysis requires a single image per contrast enhancement phase with no motion blurring artifacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iram Shahzadi
- Medical Image Processing Research Group (MIPRG), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Faisal Siddiqui
- Medical Image Processing Research Group (MIPRG), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan.
| | - Ibtisam Aslam
- Department of Radiology & Medical Informatics, Hospital University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Hammad Omer
- Medical Image Processing Research Group (MIPRG), Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad 45550, Pakistan
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Kumar N, Sharma M, Aggarwal N, Sharma S, Sarkar M, Singh B, Sharma N. Role of Various DW MRI and DCE MRI Parameters as Predictors of Malignancy in Solid Pulmonary Lesions. Can Assoc Radiol J 2020; 72:525-532. [PMID: 32268774 DOI: 10.1177/0846537120914894] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to evaluate various diffusion and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE MRI) parameters in differentiating malignant from benign pulmonary lesions. METHODS We enrolled 31 (22 males) patients who had solid pulmonary lesion(s) >2 cm in our cross sectional study. Of these, 23 (74.2%) were found to be malignant on histopathology. Dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI was performed using 36 dynamic measurements (volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination). Diffusion-weighted MRI (DW MRI) performed at b value of 800 s/mm2. We measured different diffusion and perfusion parameters, for example, diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) SI, mean apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC), minimum ADC, lesion-to-spinal cord ratio, DWI score, T2 score, Ktrans, Kep, and Ve. We stratified values of each parameter as high if it was >median of values observed in our data set and low if it was ≤median. Normally distributed data were compared by unpaired t test, whereas non-normal continuous data were compared by Kruskal Wallis-H test. We applied Wilson score method to calculate sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values of parameters that were statistically significant by type of lesion with reference to histopathological examination as gold standard. RESULTS Diffusion-weighted imaging SI, mean ADC, minimum ADC, DWI score and Ktrans values were found to be significantly different (P value < .05) by type of lesion. Ktrans was found to have the highest diagnostic accuracy (74.2%) among these parameters. CONCLUSION Ktrans and mean ADC had similar sensitivity of 65.2%. However, Ktrans had highest diagnostic accuracy among various DWI and DCE MRI parameters in predicting malignancy in solid pulmonary lesions. In our study, we found a cutoff value 0.251 min-1 for Ktrans as 100% specific.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neeraj Kumar
- 75156Dr Rajendra Prasad Medical College, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, India
- 80369Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Mini Sharma
- 75156Dr Rajendra Prasad Medical College, Kangra, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Neeti Aggarwal
- 80369Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Sanjiv Sharma
- Department of Radio-diagnosis, 80369Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Malay Sarkar
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, 80369Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Balraj Singh
- Department of Community Medicine and Epidemiology, 80369Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Navneet Sharma
- 80369Indira Gandhi Medical College, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, India
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Feasibility of free-breathing T1-weighted 3D radial VIBE for fetal MRI in various anomalies. Magn Reson Imaging 2020; 69:57-64. [PMID: 32171775 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2020.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES In magnetic resonance (MR) fetal imaging, the image quality acquired by the traditional Cartesian-sampled breath-hold T1-weighted (T1W) sequence may be degraded by motion artifacts arising from both mother and fetus. The radial VIBE sequence is reported to be a viable alternative to conventional Cartesian acquisition for both pediatric and adult MR, yielding better image quality. This study evaluated the role of radial VIBE in fetal MR imaging and compared its image quality and motion artifacts with those of the Cartesian T1W sequence. MATERIALS AND METHODS We included 246 pregnant women with 50 lesions on 1.5-T MR imaging. Image quality and lesion conspicuity were evaluated by two radiologists, blinded to the acquisition schemes used, using a five-point scale, where a higher score indicated a better trajectory method. Mixed-model analysis of variance and interobserver variability assessment were performed. RESULTS The radial VIBE sequence showed a significantly better performance than conventional T1W imaging in the head and neck, fetal body, and placenta region: 3.92 ± 0.88 vs 3 ± 0.74, p < 0.001, 3.8 ± 0.94 vs 3.15 ± 0.87, p < 0.001, and 4.17 ± 0.63 vs 3.12 ± 0.72, p < 0.001, respectively. Additionally, fewer motion artifacts were observed in all regions with the radial VIBE sequence (p < 0.01). Of 50 lesions, 49 presented better lesion conspicuity on radial VIBE images than on T1W images (4.34 ± 0.91 vs 3.48 ± 1.46, p < 0.001). CONCLUSION For fetal imaging, the radial VIBE sequences yielded better image quality and lesion conspicuity, with fewer motion artifacts, than conventional breath-hold Cartesian-sampled T1W sequences.
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Kitoh Y, Miyati T, Tamaru N, Fujinaga Y. [Examination of Gd-EOB-DTPA Liver Dynamic Contrast-enhanced MRI Using Radial VIBE with k-space Weighted Image Contrast Method]. Nihon Hoshasen Gijutsu Gakkai Zasshi 2020; 76:270-277. [PMID: 32201417 DOI: 10.6009/jjrt.2020_jsrt_76.3.270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic imaging (DCE-MRI) is a useful method for detection and diagnosis of liver lesions. However, DCE-MRI using Gd-EOB-DTPA has some problems with arterial phase images. Radial volumetric imaging breath-holding examination (r-VIBE) with k-space weighted image contrast reconstruction (KWIC), which is a modification of Cartesian VIBE (c-VIBE), is a new 3D-gradient echo sequence with a number of advantages compared with c-VIBE, including lower motion sensitivity. This study was performed to evaluate image contrast, blurring, and temporal phase division effects of r-VIBE in comparison with c-VIBE. Image contrast using diluted Gd-EOB-DTPA aqueous solution showed no significant difference between r-VIBE and c-VIBE. Imaging was performed with r-VIBE and c-VIBE during injection of a Gd-EOB-DTPA solution into a serpentine tube. r-VIBE showed a smaller half-width of the signal intensity profile of the tube and less image artifacts by blurring when compared to c-VIBE. The arrival times and durations of the maximum signal strengths of r-VIBE and c-VIBE images during injection of Gd-EOB-DTPA solution into the tube were almost identical. r-VIBE improved the temporal resolution without degradation of liver DCE-MRI using Gd-EOB-DTPA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tosiaki Miyati
- Division of Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University
| | | | - Yasunari Fujinaga
- Radiology Division, Shinshu University Hospital
- Department of Radiology, Shinshu University School of Medicine
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23
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Arif O, Afzal H, Abbas H, Amjad MF, Wan J, Nawaz R. Accelerated Dynamic MRI Using Kernel-Based Low Rank Constraint. J Med Syst 2019; 43:271. [DOI: 10.1007/s10916-019-1399-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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24
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Zhang L, Armstrong T, Li X, Wu HH. A variable flip angle golden-angle-ordered 3D stack-of-radial MRI technique for simultaneous proton resonant frequency shift and T 1 -based thermometry. Magn Reson Med 2019; 82:2062-2076. [PMID: 31257639 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.27883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 06/02/2019] [Accepted: 06/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop and evaluate a variable-flip-angle golden-angle-ordered 3D stack-of-radial MRI technique for simultaneous proton resonance frequency shift (PRF) and T1 -based thermometry in aqueous and adipose tissues, respectively. METHODS The proposed technique acquires multiecho radial k-space data in segments with alternating flip angles to measure 3D temperature maps dynamically on the basis of PRF and T1 . A sliding-window k-space weighted image contrast filter is used to increase temporal resolution. PRF is measured in aqueous tissues and T1 in adipose tissues using fat/water masks. The accuracy for T1 quantification was evaluated in a reference T1 /T2 phantom. In vivo nonheating experiments were conducted in healthy subjects to evaluate the stability of PRF and T1 in the brain, prostate, and breast. The proposed technique was used to monitor high-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) ablation in ex vivo porcine fat/muscle tissues and compared to temperature probe readings. RESULTS The proposed technique achieved 3D coverage with 1.1-mm to 1.3-mm in-plane resolution and 2-s to 5-s temporal resolution. During 20 to 30 min of nonheating in vivo scans, the temporal coefficient of variation for T1 was <5% in the brain, prostate, and breast fatty tissues, while the standard deviation of relative PRF temperature change was within 3°C in aqueous tissues. During ex vivo HIFU ablation, the temperatures measured by PRF and T1 were consistent with temperature probe readings, with an absolute mean difference within 2°C. CONCLUSION The proposed technique achieves simultaneous PRF and T1 -based dynamic 3D MR temperature mapping in aqueous and adipose tissues. It may be used to improve MRI-guided thermal procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Zhang
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Tess Armstrong
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.,Physics in Biology and Medicine Interdepartmental Graduate Program, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Xinzhou Li
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
| | - Holden H Wu
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.,Physics in Biology and Medicine Interdepartmental Graduate Program, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California
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25
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Lala SV, Strubel N, Nocera N, Bittman ME, Fefferman NR. Visualization of the normal appendix in children: feasibility of a single contrast-enhanced radial gradient recalled echo MRI sequence. Pediatr Radiol 2019; 49:770-776. [PMID: 30783687 DOI: 10.1007/s00247-019-04352-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2018] [Revised: 01/03/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) assessment for appendicitis is limited by exam time and patient cooperation. The radially sampled 3-dimensional (3-D) T1-weighted, gradient recalled echo sequence (radial GRE) is a free-breathing, motion robust sequence that may be useful in evaluating appendicitis in children. OBJECTIVE To compare the rate of detection of the normal appendix with contrast-enhanced radial GRE versus contrast-enhanced 3-D GRE and a multi-sequence study including contrast-enhanced radial GRE. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a retrospective study of patients ages 7-18 years undergoing abdominal-pelvic contrast-enhanced MRI between Jan. 1, 2012, and April 1, 2016. Visualization of the appendix was assessed by consensus between two pediatric radiologists. The rate of detection of the appendix for each sequence and combination of sequences was compared using a McNemar test. RESULTS The rate of detection of the normal appendix on contrast-enhanced radial GRE was significantly higher than on contrast-enhanced 3-D GRE (76% vs. 57.3%, P=0.003). The rate of detection of the normal appendix with multi-sequence MRI including contrast-enhanced radial GRE was significantly higher than on contrast-enhanced 3-D GRE (81.3% vs. 57%, P<0.001). There was no significant difference between the rate of detection of the normal appendix on contrast-enhanced radial GRE alone and multi-sequence MRI including contrast-enhanced radial GRE (76% vs. 81.3%, P=0.267). CONCLUSION Contrast-enhanced radial GRE allows superior detection of the normal appendix compared to contrast-enhanced 3-D GRE. The rate of detection of the normal appendix on contrast-enhanced radial GRE alone is nearly as good as when the contrast-enhanced radial GRE is interpreted with additional sequences.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shailee V Lala
- Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, 660 First Ave., New York, NY, 10016, USA.
| | - Naomi Strubel
- Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, 660 First Ave., New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Nicole Nocera
- Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, 660 First Ave., New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Mark E Bittman
- Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, 660 First Ave., New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Nancy R Fefferman
- Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, 660 First Ave., New York, NY, 10016, USA
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Guo L, Herzka DA. Sorted Golden-step phase encoding: an improved Golden-step imaging technique for cardiac and respiratory self-gated cine cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2019; 21:23. [PMID: 30999911 PMCID: PMC6472023 DOI: 10.1186/s12968-019-0533-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous self-gated cardiac imaging techniques have been reported in the literature. Most can track either cardiac or respiratory motion, and many incur some overhead to imaging data acquisition. We previously described a Cartesian cine imaging technique, pseudo-projection motion tracking with golden-step phase encoding, capable of tracking both cardiac and respiratory motion at no cost to imaging data acquisition. In this work, we describe improvements to the technique by dramatically reducing its vulnerability to eddy current and flow artifacts and demonstrating its effectiveness in expanded cardiovascular applications. METHODS As with our previous golden-step technique, the Cartesian phase encodes over time were arranged based on the integer golden step, and readouts near ky = 0 (pseudo-projections) were used to derive motion. In this work, however, the readouts were divided into equal and consecutive temporal segments, within which the readouts were sorted according to ky. The sorting reduces the phase encode jump between consecutive readouts while maintaining the pseudo-randomness of ky to sample both cardiac and respiratory motion without comprising the ability to retrospectively set the temporal resolution of the original technique. On human volunteers, free-breathing, electrocardiographic (ECG)-free cine scans were acquired for all slices of the short axis stack and the 4-chamber view of the long axis. Retrospectively, cardiac motion and respiratory motion were automatically extracted from the pseudo-projections to guide cine reconstruction. The resultant image quality in terms of sharpness and cardiac functional metrics was compared against breath-hold ECG-gated reference cines. RESULTS With sorting, motion tracking of both cardiac and respiratory motion was effective for all slices orientations imaged, and artifact occurrence due to eddy current and flow was efficiently eliminated. The image sharpness derived from the self-gated cines was found to be comparable to the reference cines (mean difference less than 0.05 mm- 1 for short-axis images and 0.075 mm- 1 for long-axis images), and the functional metrics (mean difference < 4 ml) were found not to be statistically different from those from the reference. CONCLUSIONS This technique dramatically reduced the eddy current and flow artifacts while preserving the ability of cost-free motion tracking and the flexibility of choosing arbitrary navigator zone width, number of cardiac phases, and duration of scanning. With the restriction of the artifacts removed, the Cartesian golden-step cine imaging can now be applied to cardiac imaging slices of more diverse orientation and anatomy at greater reliability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liheng Guo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Ave, Suite 726 Ross Building, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
| | - Daniel A. Herzka
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 720 Rutland Ave, Suite 726 Ross Building, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA
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27
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Cao J, Pickup S, Clendenin C, Blouw B, Choi H, Kang D, Rosen M, O'Dwyer PJ, Zhou R. Dynamic Contrast-enhanced MRI Detects Responses to Stroma-directed Therapy in Mouse Models of Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma. Clin Cancer Res 2019; 25:2314-2322. [PMID: 30587546 PMCID: PMC6445712 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-18-2276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Revised: 11/20/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The dense stroma underlies the drug resistance of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) and has motivated the development of stroma-directed drugs. Our objective is to test the concept that dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI using FDA-approved contrast media, an imaging method sensitive to the tumor microenvironment, can detect early responses to stroma-directed drug. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN Imaging studies were performed in three mouse models exhibiting high desmoplastic reactions: the autochthonous PDA in genetically engineered mice (KPC), an orthotopic model in syngeneic mice, and a xenograft model of human PDA in athymic mice. An investigational drug, PEGPH20 (pegvorhyaluronidase alfa), which degrades hyaluronan (HA) in the stroma of PDA, was injected alone or in combination with gemcitabine. RESULTS At 24 hours after a single injection of PEGPH20, Ktrans , a DCE-MRI-derived marker that measures how fast a unit volume of contrast media is transferred from capillaries to interstitial space, increased 56% and 50% from baseline in the orthotopic and xenograft tumors, respectively, compared with a 4% and 6% decrease in vehicle groups (both P < 0.05). Similarly, after three combined treatments, Ktrans in KPC mice increased 54%, whereas it decreased 4% in controls treated with gemcitabine alone (P < 0.05). Consistently, after a single injection of PEGPH20, tumor HA content assessed by IHC was reduced substantially in all three models while drug delivery (measured by paclitaxel accumulation in tumor) was increased by 2.6-fold. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrated a DCE-MRI marker, Ktrans , can detect early responses to stroma-directed drug and reveal the sustained effect of combination treatment (PEGPH20+ gemcitabine).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianbo Cao
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Medical College, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, P.R. China
| | - Stephen Pickup
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Cynthia Clendenin
- Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Hoon Choi
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - David Kang
- Halozyme Therapeutics, San Diego, California
| | - Mark Rosen
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Peter J O'Dwyer
- Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Rong Zhou
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
- Abramson Cancer Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Johansson A, Balter JM, Cao Y. Abdominal DCE-MRI reconstruction with deformable motion correction for liver perfusion quantification. Med Phys 2018; 45:4529-4540. [PMID: 30098044 DOI: 10.1002/mp.13118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2018] [Revised: 07/29/2018] [Accepted: 07/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Abdominal dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI suffers from motion-induced artifacts that can blur images and distort contrast-agent uptake curves. For liver perfusion analysis, image reconstruction with rigid-body motion correction (RMC) can restore distorted portal-venous input functions (PVIF) to higher peak amplitudes. However, RMC cannot correct for liver deformation during breathing. We present a reconstruction algorithm with deformable motion correction (DMC) that enables correction of breathing-induced deformation in the whole abdomen. METHODS Raw data from a golden-angle stack-of-stars gradient-echo sequence were collected for 54 DCE-MRI examinations of 31 patients. For each examination, a respiratory motion signal was extracted from the data and used to reconstruct 21 breathing states from inhale to exhale. The states were aligned with deformable image registration to the end-exhale state. Resulting deformation fields were used to correct back-projection images before reconstruction with view sharing. Images with DMC were compared to uncorrected images and images with RMC. RESULTS DMC significantly increased the PVIF peak amplitude compared to uncorrected images (P << 0.01, mean increase: 8%) but not compared to RMC. The increased PVIF peak amplitude significantly decreased estimated portal-venous perfusion in the liver (P << 0.01, mean decrease: 8 ml/(100 ml·min)). DMC also removed artifacts in perfusion maps at the liver edge and reduced blurring of liver tumors for some patients. CONCLUSIONS DCE-MRI reconstruction with DMC can restore motion-distorted uptake curves in the abdomen and remove motion artifacts from reconstructed images and parameter maps but does not significantly improve perfusion quantification in the liver compared to RMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Johansson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - James M Balter
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
| | - Yue Cao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA
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Bonanno G, Hays AG, Weiss RG, Schär M. Self-gated golden angle spiral cine MRI for coronary endothelial function assessment. Magn Reson Med 2018; 80:560-570. [PMID: 29282752 PMCID: PMC5910207 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.27060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Revised: 12/01/2017] [Accepted: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Depressed coronary endothelial function (CEF) is a marker for atherosclerotic disease, an independent predictor of cardiovascular events, and can be quantified non-invasively with ECG-triggered spiral cine MRI combined with isometric handgrip exercise (IHE). However, MRI-CEF measures can be hindered by faulty ECG-triggering, leading to prolonged breath-holds and degraded image quality. Here, a self-gated golden angle spiral method (SG-GA) is proposed to eliminate the need for ECG during cine MRI. METHODS SG-GA was tested against retrospectively ECG-gated golden angle spiral MRI (ECG-GA) and gold-standard ECG-triggered spiral cine MRI (ECG-STD) in 10 healthy volunteers. CEF data were obtained from cross-sectional images of the proximal right and left coronary arteries in a 3T scanner. Self-gating heart rates were compared to those from simultaneous ECG-gating. Coronary vessel sharpness and cross-sectional area (CSA) change with IHE were compared among the 3 methods. RESULTS Self-gating precision, accuracy, and correlation-coefficient were 7.7 ± 0.5 ms, 9.1 ± 0.7 ms, and 0.93 ± 0.01, respectively (mean ± standard error). Vessel sharpness by SG-GA was equal or higher than ECG-STD (rest: 63.0 ± 1.7% vs. 61.3 ± 1.3%; exercise: 62.6 ± 1.3% vs. 56.7 ± 1.6%, P < 0.05). CSA changes were in agreement among the 3 methods (ECG-STD = 8.7 ± 4.0%, ECG-GA = 9.6 ± 3.1%, SG-GA = 9.1 ± 3.5%, P = not significant). CONCLUSION CEF measures can be obtained with the proposed self-gated high-quality cine MRI method even when ECG is faulty or not available. Magn Reson Med 80:560-570, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriele Bonanno
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
- Division of MR Research, Russel H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Allison G. Hays
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Robert G. Weiss
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
- Division of MR Research, Russel H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
| | - Michael Schär
- Division of MR Research, Russel H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD
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Darçot E, Yerly J, Colotti R, Masci PG, Chaptinel J, Feliciano H, Bianchi V, van Heeswijk RB. Accelerated and high-resolution cardiac T 2 mapping through peripheral k-space sharing. Magn Reson Med 2018; 81:220-233. [PMID: 30058085 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.27374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Revised: 04/26/2018] [Accepted: 05/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop high-spatial-resolution cardiac T2 mapping that allows for a reduced acquisition time while maintaining its precision. We implemented and optimized a new golden-angle radial T2 mapping technique named SKRATCH (Shared k-space Radial T2 Characterization of the Heart) that shares k-space peripheries of T2 -weighted images while preserving their contrasts. METHODS Six SKRATCH variants (gradient-recalled echo and balanced SSFP, free-breathing and breath-held, with and without a saturation preparation) were implemented, and their precision was compared with a navigator-gated reference technique in phantoms and 22 healthy volunteers at 3 T. The optimal breath-held SKRATCH technique was applied in a small cohort of patients with subacute myocardial infarction. RESULTS The faster free-breathing SKRATCH technique reduced the acquisition time by 52.4%, while maintaining the precision and spatial resolution of the reference technique. Similarly, the most precise and robust breath-held SKRATCH technique demonstrated homogenous T2 values that did not significantly differ from the navigator-gated reference (T2 = 39.9 ± 3.4 ms versus 39.5 ± 3.4 ms, P > .20, respectively). All infarct patients demonstrated a large T2 elevation in the ischemic regions of the myocardium. CONCLUSION The optimized SKRATCH technique enabled the accelerated acquisition of high-spatial-resolution T2 maps, was validated in healthy adult volunteers, and was successfully applied to a small initial group of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emeline Darçot
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jérôme Yerly
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Center for Biomedical Imaging, Lausanne and Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Roberto Colotti
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Pier Giorgio Masci
- Center for Cardiac Magnetic Resonance, Cardiology Service, Lausanne University Hospital, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jerome Chaptinel
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Helene Feliciano
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Veronica Bianchi
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Ruud B van Heeswijk
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.,Center for Biomedical Imaging, Lausanne and Geneva, Switzerland
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Eldeniz C, Fraum T, Salter A, Chen Y, Gach HM, Parikh PJ, Fowler KJ, An H. CAPTURE: Consistently Acquired Projections for Tuned and Robust Estimation: A Self-Navigated Respiratory Motion Correction Approach. Invest Radiol 2018; 53:293-305. [PMID: 29315083 PMCID: PMC5882511 DOI: 10.1097/rli.0000000000000442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In this study, we present a fully automated and robust self-navigated approach to obtain 4-dimensional (4-D) motion-resolved images during free breathing. MATERIALS AND METHODS The proposed method, Consistently Acquired Projections for Tuned and Robust Estimation (CAPTURE), is a variant of the stack-of-stars gradient-echo sequence. A 1-D navigator was consistently acquired at a fixed azimuthal angle for all stacks of spokes to reduce nonphysiological signal contamination due to system imperfections. The resulting projections were then "tuned" using complex phase rotation to adapt to scan-to-scan variations, followed by the detection of the respiratory curve. Four-dimensional motion-corrected and uncorrected images were then reconstructed via respiratory and temporal binning, respectively.This Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act-compliant study was performed with Institutional Review Board approval. A phantom experiment was performed using a custom-made deformable motion phantom with an adjustable frequency and amplitude. For in vivo experiments, 10 healthy participants and 12 liver tumor patients provided informed consent and were imaged with the CAPTURE sequence.Two radiologists, blinded to which images were motion-corrected and which were not, independently reviewed the images and scored the image quality using a 5-point Likert scale. RESULTS In the respiratory motion phantom experiment, CAPTURE reversed the effects of motion blurring and restored edge sharpness from 36% to 78% of that observed in the images from the static scan.Despite large intra- and intersubject variability in respiration patterns, CAPTURE successfully detected the respiratory motion signal in all participants and significantly improved the image quality according to the subjective radiological assessments of 2 raters (P < 0.05 for both raters) with a 1 to 2-point improvement in the median Likert scores across the whole set of participants. Small lesions (<1 cm in size) which might otherwise be missed on uncorrected images because of motion blurring were more clearly depicted on the CAPTURE images. CONCLUSIONS CAPTURE provides a robust and fully automated solution for obtaining 4-D motion-resolved images in a free-breathing setting. With its unique tuning feature, CAPTURE can adapt to large intersubject and interscan variations. CAPTURE also enables better lesion delineation because of improved image sharpness, thereby increasing the visibility of small lesions.
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Martin T, Hoffman J, Alger JR, McNitt-Gray M, Wang DJ. Low-dose CT perfusion with projection view sharing. Med Phys 2017; 45:101-113. [PMID: 29080274 DOI: 10.1002/mp.12640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE CT Perfusion (CTP) is a widely used clinical imaging modality. However, CTP typically involves the use of substantial radiation dose (CTDIvol ≥~200 mGy). The purpose of this study is to present a low-dose CTP technique using a projection view-sharing reconstruction algorithm originally developed for dynamic MRI - "K-space Weighted Image Contrast" (KWIC). METHODS The KWIC reconstruction is based on an angle-bisection scheme. In KWIC, a Fourier transform was performed along each projection to form a "k-space"-like CT data space, based on the central-slice theorem. As a projection view-sharing technique, KWIC preserves the spatiotemporal resolution of undersampled CTP data by progressively increasing the number of projection views shared for more distant regions of "k-space". KWIC reconstruction was evaluated on a digital FORBILD head phantom with numerically simulated time-varying objects. The numerically simulated scans were undersampled using the angle-bisection scheme to achieve 50%, 25%, and 12.5% of the original dose (288, 144, and 72 projections, respectively). The area-under-the-curve (AUC), time-to-peak (TTP), and full width half maximum (FWHM) were measured in KWIC recons and compared to fully sampled filtered back projection (FBP) reconstructions. KWIC reconstruction and dose reduction was also implemented for three clinical CTP cases (45 s, 1156 projections per turn, 1 s/turn, CTDIvol 217 mGy). Quantitative perfusion metrics were computed and compared between KWIC reconstructed CTP data and those of standard FBP reconstruction. RESULTS The AUC, TTP, and FWHM in the numerical simzulations were unaffected by the undersampling/dose reduction (down to 12.5% dose) with KWIC reconstruction compared to the fully sampled FBP reconstruction. The normalized root-mean-square-error (NRMSE) of the AUC in the FORBILD head phantom is 0.04, 0.05, and 0.07 for 50%, 25%, and 12.5% KWIC, respectively, as compared to FBP reconstruction. The cerebral blood flow (CBF) and cerebral blood volume had no significant difference between FBP and 50%, 25%, and 12.5% KWIC reconstructions (P > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS This study demonstrates that KWIC preserves perfusion metrics for CTP with substantially reduced dose. Clinical implementation will require further investigation into methods of rapid switching of a CT x-ray source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Martin
- Department of Neurology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - John Hoffman
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Jeff R Alger
- Department of Neurology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Michael McNitt-Gray
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Danny Jj Wang
- Department of Neurology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.,Laboratory of FMRI Technology (LOFT), Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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Gillman A, Smith J, Thomas P, Rose S, Dowson N. PET motion correction in context of integrated PET/MR: Current techniques, limitations, and future projections. Med Phys 2017; 44:e430-e445. [DOI: 10.1002/mp.12577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Revised: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Gillman
- Australian e-Health Research Centre; CSIRO; Brisbane Australia
- Faculty of Medicine; University of Queensland; Brisbane Australia
| | - Jye Smith
- Department of Radiation Oncology; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital; Brisbane Australia
| | - Paul Thomas
- Faculty of Medicine; University of Queensland; Brisbane Australia
- Herston Imaging Research Facility and Specialised PET Services Queensland; Royal Brisbane and Women's Hospital; Brisbane Australia
| | - Stephen Rose
- Australian e-Health Research Centre; CSIRO; Brisbane Australia
| | - Nicholas Dowson
- Australian e-Health Research Centre; CSIRO; Brisbane Australia
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Liszewski MC, Görkem S, Sodhi KS, Lee EY. Lung magnetic resonance imaging for pneumonia in children. Pediatr Radiol 2017; 47:1420-1430. [PMID: 29043418 DOI: 10.1007/s00247-017-3865-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2016] [Revised: 03/13/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Technical factors have historically limited the role of MRI in the evaluation of pneumonia in children in routine clinical practice. As imaging technology has advanced, recent studies utilizing practical MR imaging protocols have shown MRI to be an accurate potential alternative to CT for the evaluation of pneumonia and its complications. This article provides up-to-date MR imaging techniques that can be implemented in most radiology departments to evaluate pneumonia in children. Imaging findings in pneumonia on MRI are also reviewed. In addition, the current literature describing the diagnostic performance of MRI for pneumonia is discussed. Furthermore, potential risks and limitations of MRI for the evaluation of pneumonia in children are described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark C Liszewski
- Department of Radiology, Division of Pediatric Radiology, Montefiore Medical Center and Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 111 East 210th Street, Bronx, NY, 10467, USA.
| | - Süreyya Görkem
- Department of Radiology, Pediatric Radiology Section, Erciyes University School of Medicine, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Kushaljit S Sodhi
- Department of Radiodiagnosis & Imaging, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Edward Y Lee
- Department of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
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Kurugol S, Marami B, Afacan O, Warfield SK, Gholipour A. Motion-Robust Spatially Constrained Parameter Estimation in Renal Diffusion-Weighted MRI by 3D Motion Tracking and Correction of Sequential Slices. MOLECULAR IMAGING, RECONSTRUCTION AND ANALYSIS OF MOVING BODY ORGANS, AND STROKE IMAGING AND TREATMENT : FIFTH INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP, CMMI 2017, SECOND INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP, RAMBO 2017, AND FIRST INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP, SWITCH 2017, ... 2017; 10555:75-85. [PMID: 29457154 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-67564-0_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we introduce a novel motion-robust spatially constrained parameter estimation (MOSCOPE) technique for kidney diffusion-weighted MRI. The proposed motion compensation technique does not require a navigator, trigger, or breath-hold but only uses the intrinsic features of the acquired data to track and compensate for motion to reconstruct precise models of the renal diffusion signal. We have developed a technique for physiological motion tracking based on robust state estimation and sequential registration of diffusion sensitized slices acquired within 200ms. This allows a sampling rate of 5Hz for state estimation in motion tracking that is sufficiently faster than both respiratory and cardiac motion rates in children and adults, which range between 0.8 to 0.2Hz, and 2.5 to 1Hz, respectively. We then apply the estimated motion parameters to data from each slice and use motion-compensated data for 1) robust intra-voxel incoherent motion (IVIM) model estimation in the kidney using a spatially constrained model fitting approach, and 2) robust weighted least squares estimation of the diffusion tensor model. Experimental results, including precision of IVIM model parameters using bootstrap-sampling and in-vivo whole kidney tractography, showed significant improvement in precision and accuracy of these models using the proposed method compared to models based on the original data and volumetric registration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sila Kurugol
- Dept. of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School
| | - Bahram Marami
- Dept. of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School
| | - Onur Afacan
- Dept. of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School
| | - Simon K Warfield
- Dept. of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School
| | - Ali Gholipour
- Dept. of Radiology, Boston Children's Hospital and Harvard Medical School
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Johansson A, Balter J, Cao Y. Rigid-body motion correction of the liver in image reconstruction for golden-angle stack-of-stars DCE MRI. Magn Reson Med 2017; 79:1345-1353. [PMID: 28617993 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.26782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2016] [Revised: 05/16/2017] [Accepted: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Respiratory motion can affect pharmacokinetic perfusion parameters quantified from liver dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI. Image registration can be used to align dynamic images after reconstruction. However, intra-image motion blur remains after alignment and can alter the shape of contrast-agent uptake curves. We introduce a method to correct for inter- and intra-image motion during image reconstruction. METHODS Sixteen liver dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI examinations of nine subjects were performed using a golden-angle stack-of-stars sequence. For each examination, an image time series with high temporal resolution but severe streak artifacts was reconstructed. Images were aligned using region-limited rigid image registration within a region of interest covering the liver. The transformations resulting from alignment were used to correct raw data for motion by modulating and rotating acquired lines in k-space. The corrected data were then reconstructed using view sharing. RESULTS Portal-venous input functions extracted from motion-corrected images had significantly greater peak signal enhancements (mean increase: 16%, t-test, P < 0.001) than those from images aligned using image registration after reconstruction. In addition, portal-venous perfusion maps estimated from motion-corrected images showed fewer artifacts close to the edge of the liver. CONCLUSIONS Motion-corrected image reconstruction restores uptake curves distorted by motion. Motion correction also reduces motion artifacts in estimated perfusion parameter maps. Magn Reson Med 79:1345-1353, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam Johansson
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - James Balter
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
| | - Yue Cao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Radiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.,Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA
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38
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Zhang JL. Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Kidneys-With and Without Gadolinium-Based Contrast. Adv Chronic Kidney Dis 2017; 24:162-168. [PMID: 28501079 DOI: 10.1053/j.ackd.2017.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Assessment of renal function with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been actively explored in the past decade. In this review, we introduce the principle of MRI and review recent progress of MRI methods (contrast enhanced and noncontrast) in assessing renal function. Contrast-enhanced MRI using ultra-low dose of gadolinium-based agent has been validated for measuring single-kidney glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma flow accurately. For routine functional test, contrast-enhanced MRI may not replace the simple serum-creatinine method. However, for patients with renal diseases, it is often worthy to perform MRI to accurately monitor renal function, particularly for the diseased kidney. As contrast-enhanced MRI is already an established clinical tool for characterizing renal structural abnormalities, including renal mass and ureteral obstruction, it is possible to adapt the clinical MRI protocol to measure single-kidney glomerular filtration rate and renal plasma flow, as demonstrated by recent studies. What makes MRI unique is the promise of its noncontrast methods. These methods include arterial spin labeling for tissue perfusion, blood oxygen-level dependent for blood and tissue oxygenation, and diffusion-weighted imaging for water diffusion. For each method, we reviewed recent findings and summarized challenges.
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Shao X, Tisdall MD, Wang DJ, van der Kouwe AJW. Prospective motion correction for 3D GRASE pCASL with volumetric navigators. PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE ... SCIENTIFIC MEETING AND EXHIBITION. INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN MEDICINE. SCIENTIFIC MEETING AND EXHIBITION 2017; 25:0680. [PMID: 29643745 PMCID: PMC5891141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We propose a prospective motion correction approach for background suppressed (BS) segmented 3D GRASE pCASL using volumetric EPI-based navigators (vNavs), which causes minimal contrast change and no extra time. vNavs reduced motion artifacts effectively and increased temporal signal-to-noise ratio (t-SNR). Principle component analysis (PCA) is able to further reduce residual motion artifacts and restore the details of gyral structure in perfusion weighted images..
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingfeng Shao
- Laboratory of FMRI Technology (LOFT), Mark & Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - M Dylan Tisdall
- Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Danny Jj Wang
- Laboratory of FMRI Technology (LOFT), Mark & Mary Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, United States
| | - Andre Jan Willem van der Kouwe
- A. A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, MA, United States
- Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, United States
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Rank CM, Heußer T, Wetscherek A, Freitag MT, Sedlaczek O, Schlemmer HP, Kachelrieß M. Respiratory motion compensation for simultaneous PET/MR based on highly undersampled MR data. Med Phys 2017; 43:6234. [PMID: 27908174 DOI: 10.1118/1.4966128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Positron emission tomography (PET) of the thorax region is impaired by respiratory patient motion. To account for motion, the authors propose a new method for PET/magnetic resonance (MR) respiratory motion compensation (MoCo), which uses highly undersampled MR data with acquisition times as short as 1 min/bed. METHODS The proposed PET/MR MoCo method (4D jMoCo PET) uses radial MR data to estimate the respiratory patient motion employing MR joint motion estimation and image reconstruction with temporal median filtering. Resulting motion vector fields are incorporated into the system matrix of the PET reconstruction. The proposed approach is evaluated for the thorax region utilizing a PET/MR simulation with 1 min MR acquisition time and simultaneous PET/MR measurements of six patients with MR acquisition times of 1 and 5 min and radial undersampling factors of 11.2 and 2.2, respectively. Reconstruction results are compared to 3D PET, 4D gated PET and a standard MoCo method (4D sMoCo PET), which performs iterative image reconstruction and motion estimation sequentially. Quantitative analysis comprises the parameters SUVmean, SUVmax, full width at half-maximum/lesion volume, contrast and signal-to-noise ratio. RESULTS For simulated PET data, our quantitative analysis shows that the proposed 4D jMoCo PET approach with temporal filtering achieves the best quantification accuracy of all tested reconstruction methods with a mean absolute deviation of 2.3% when compared to the ground truth. For measured PET patient data, the mean absolute deviation of 4D jMoCo PET using a 1 min MR acquisition for motion estimation is 2.1% relative to the 5 min MR acquisition. This demonstrates a robust behavior even in case of strong undersampling at MR acquisition times as short as 1 min. In contrast, 4D sMoCo PET shows considerable reduction of quantification accuracy for the 1 min MR acquisition time. Relative to 3D PET, the proposed 4D jMoCo PET approach with temporal filtering yields an average increase of SUVmean, SUVmax, and contrast of 29.9% and 13.8% for simulated and measured PET data, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Employing artifact-robust motion estimation enables PET/MR respiratory MoCo with MR acquisition times as short as 1 min/bed improving PET image quality and quantification accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M Rank
- Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Heußer
- Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Wetscherek
- Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany and Joint Department of Physics, The Institute of Cancer Research and The Royal Marsden NHS Foundation Trust, 123 Old Brompton Road, London SW7 3RP, United Kingdom
| | - Martin T Freitag
- Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Oliver Sedlaczek
- Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Heinz-Peter Schlemmer
- Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Marc Kachelrieß
- Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
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Liu Y, Zhang Y, Wu C, Zhu J, Wang C, Tomko N, Linetsky MD, Salomon RG, Ramos-Estebanez C, Wang Y, Yu X. High-resolution dynamic oxygen-17 MR imaging of mouse brain with golden-ratio-based radial sampling and k-space-weighted image reconstruction. Magn Reson Med 2017; 79:256-263. [PMID: 28295552 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.26669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2016] [Revised: 02/07/2017] [Accepted: 02/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The current study aimed to develop a three-dimensional (3D) dynamic oxygen-17 (17 O) MR imaging method with high temporal and spatial resolution to delineate the kinetics of 17 O water uptake and washout in the brains of mice with glioblastoma (GBM). METHODS A 3D imaging method with a stack-of-stars golden-ratio-based radial sampling scheme was employed to acquire 17 O signal in vivo. A k-space-weighted image reconstruction method was used to improve the temporal resolution while preserving spatial resolution. Simulation studies were performed to validate the method. Using this method, the kinetics of 17 O water uptake and washout in the brains of mice with GBM were delineated after an intravenous bolus injection of 17 O water. RESULTS The proposed 17 O imaging method achieved an effective temporal resolution of 7.56 s with a nominal voxel size of 5.625 μL in the mouse brain at 9.4 T. Reduced uptake and prolonged washout of 17 O water were observed in tumor tissue, suggesting compromised cerebral perfusion. CONCLUSION This study demonstrated a promising dynamic 17 O imaging approach that can delineate 17 O water kinetics in vivo with high temporal and spatial resolution. It can also be used to image cerebral oxygen consumption rate in oxygen-17 inhalation studies. Magn Reson Med 79:256-263, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuchi Liu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Case Center for Imaging Research, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Case Center for Imaging Research, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Chunying Wu
- Case Center for Imaging Research, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Junqing Zhu
- Case Center for Imaging Research, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Charlie Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Case Center for Imaging Research, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Nicholas Tomko
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Mikhail D Linetsky
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Robert G Salomon
- Department of Chemistry, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Yanming Wang
- Case Center for Imaging Research, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Xin Yu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Case Center for Imaging Research, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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Lee CK, Seo N, Kim B, Huh J, Kim JK, Lee SS, Kim IS, Nickel D, Kim KW. The Effects of Breathing Motion on DCE-MRI Images: Phantom Studies Simulating Respiratory Motion to Compare CAIPIRINHA-VIBE, Radial-VIBE, and Conventional VIBE. Korean J Radiol 2017; 18:289-298. [PMID: 28246509 PMCID: PMC5313517 DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2017.18.2.289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To compare the breathing effects on dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-MRI between controlled aliasing in parallel imaging results in higher acceleration (CAIPIRINHA)-volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination (VIBE), radial VIBE with k-space-weighted image contrast view-sharing (radial-VIBE), and conventional VIBE (c-VIBE) sequences using a dedicated phantom experiment. MATERIALS AND METHODS We developed a moving platform to simulate breathing motion. We conducted dynamic scanning on a 3T machine (MAGNETOM Skyra, Siemens Healthcare) using CAIPIRINHA-VIBE, radial-VIBE, and c-VIBE for six minutes per sequence. We acquired MRI images of the phantom in both static and moving modes, and we also obtained motion-corrected images for the motion mode. We compared the signal stability and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of each sequence according to motion state and used the coefficients of variation (CoV) to determine the degree of signal stability. RESULTS With motion, CAIPIRINHA-VIBE showed the best image quality, and the motion correction aligned the images very well. The CoV (%) of CAIPIRINHA-VIBE in the moving mode (18.65) decreased significantly after the motion correction (2.56) (p < 0.001). In contrast, c-VIBE showed severe breathing motion artifacts that did not improve after motion correction. For radial-VIBE, the position of the phantom in the images did not change during motion, but streak artifacts significantly degraded image quality, also after motion correction. In addition, SNR increased in both CAIPIRINHA-VIBE (from 3.37 to 9.41, p < 0.001) and radial-VIBE (from 4.3 to 4.96, p < 0.001) after motion correction. CONCLUSION CAIPIRINHA-VIBE performed best for free-breathing DCE-MRI after motion correction, with excellent image quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Kyung Lee
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Nieun Seo
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea.; Department of Radiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Hospital, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Bohyun Kim
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea.; Department of Radiology, Ajou Unversity School of Medicine, Suwon 16499, Korea
| | - Jimi Huh
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea.; Department of Radiology, Ulsan University Hospital, Ulsan 44033, Korea
| | - Jeong Kon Kim
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Seung Soo Lee
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | | | - Dominik Nickel
- MR Application Predevelopment, Siemens Healthcare, Erlangen 91052, Germany
| | - Kyung Won Kim
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea
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Biederer J. General Requirements of MRI of the Lung and Suggested Standard Protocol. MRI OF THE LUNG 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/174_2017_98] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Kim SG, Freed M, Leite APK, Zhang J, Seuss C, Moy L. Separation of benign and malignant breast lesions using dynamic contrast enhanced MRI in a biopsy cohort. J Magn Reson Imaging 2016; 45:1385-1393. [PMID: 27766710 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.25501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess the diagnostic utility of contrast kinetic analysis for breast lesions and background parenchyma of women undergoing MRI-guided biopsies, for whom standard clinical analysis had failed to separate benign and malignant lesions. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study included 115 women who had indeterminate lesions based on routine diagnostic breast MRI exams and underwent an MRI (3 Tesla) -guided biopsy of one or more lesions suspicious for breast cancer. Breast dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-MRI was performed using a radial stack-of-stars three-dimensional spoiled gradient echo pulse sequence and modified k-space weighted image contrast image reconstruction. Contrast kinetic model analysis was conducted to characterize the contrast enhancement patterns measured in lesions and background parenchyma (BP). The transfer rate (Ktrans ), interstitial volume fraction (ve ), and vascular volume fraction (vp ) estimated from the lesion and BP were used to separate malignant from benign lesions. RESULTS The patients with malignant lesions had significantly (P < 0.05) higher median lesion-Ktrans (0.081 min-1 ), higher median BP-Ktrans (0.032 min-1 ), and BP-vp (0.020) than those without malignant lesions (0.056 min-1 , 0.017 min-1 and 0.012, respectively). The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of the BP-Ktrans (0.687) was highest among the single parameters and higher than that of the lesion-Ktrans (0.664). The combined logistic regression model of lesion-Ktrans , lesion-ve , BP-Ktrans , BP-ve , and BP-vp had the highest AUC of 0.730. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that the contrast kinetic analysis of DCE-MRI data can be used to differentiate the malignant lesions from the benign and high-risk lesions among the indeterminate breast lesions recommended for MRI-guided biopsy exams. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE 3 J. MAGN. RESON. IMAGING 2017;45:1385-1393.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sungheon Gene Kim
- Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAIR), New York, New York, USA.,Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Melanie Freed
- Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAIR), New York, New York, USA.,Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Ana Paula Klautau Leite
- Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAIR), New York, New York, USA.,Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Jin Zhang
- Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAIR), New York, New York, USA.,Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Claudia Seuss
- Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAIR), New York, New York, USA.,Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Linda Moy
- Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAIR), New York, New York, USA.,Bernard and Irene Schwartz Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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Seo N, Park SJ, Kim B, Lee CK, Huh J, Kim JK, Lee SS, Kim IS, Nickel D, Kim KW. Feasibility of free-breathing dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI of the abdomen: a comparison between CAIPIRINHA-VIBE, Radial-VIBE with KWIC reconstruction and conventional VIBE. Br J Radiol 2016; 89:20160150. [PMID: 27504684 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20160150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the feasibilities of controlled aliasing in parallel imaging results in higher acceleration with volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination (CAIPIRINHA-VIBE), radial acquisition of VIBE (Radial-VIBE) with k-space-weighted image contrast (KWIC) reconstruction (KWIC-Radial-VIBE) and conventional-VIBE (c-VIBE) for free-breathing dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-MRI of the abdomen. METHODS 23 prospectively enrolled patients underwent DCE-MRI of the abdomen with CAIPIRINHA-VIBE (n = 10), KWIC-Radial-VIBE (n = 6) or c-VIBE (n = 7). Qualitative image quality of the DCE-MR images and perfusion maps was independently scored by two abdominal radiologists using a 5-point scale (from 1, uninterpretable, to 5, very good). For quantitative analysis, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the liver and goodness-of-fit (GOF) of the time-intensity curve were measured. RESULTS In the three tested sequences, DCE-MRI had good temporal (5 s) and spatial resolution (1.48 × 1.48 × 4 mm/voxel). Interobserver agreement in the qualitative analysis was good (ĸ = 0.753; 95% confidence interval, 0.610-0.895). Therefore, the mean scores were used in the data analysis. Overall image quality was comparable between CAIPIRINHA-VIBE (3.52 ± 0.55) and KWIC-Radial-VIBE (3.72 ± 0.37; p = 1.000), and both were significantly better than c-VIBE (2.71 ± 0.34; p < 0.001). Perfusion map quality score was highest with KWIC-Radial-VIBE (4.33 ± 0.65), followed by CAIPIRINHA-VIBE (3.70 ± 0.73) and c-VIBE (3.14 ± 0.66), but without statistical significance between CAIPIRINHA-VIBE and KWIC-Radial-VIBE (p = 0.167). The SNR of the liver and GOF of the time-intensity curve did not significantly differ between the three sequences (p = 0.116 and 0.224, respectively). CONCLUSION CAIPIRINHA-VIBE and KWIC-Radial-VIBE provide comparably better performance than c-VIBE. Both can be feasible sequences with acceptable good image quality for free-breathing DCE-MRI. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE CAIPIRINHA-VIBE and KWIC-Radial-VIBE provide comparably better quality of free-breathing DCE-MRIs than c-VIBE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nieun Seo
- 1 Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,2 Department of Radiology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Severance Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong J Park
- 3 Department of Oncology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Bohyun Kim
- 4 Department of Radiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang K Lee
- 1 Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jimi Huh
- 1 Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong K Kim
- 1 Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung S Lee
- 1 Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In S Kim
- 5 Siemens Healthcare Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dominik Nickel
- 6 MR Application Predevelopment, Siemens Healthcare, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kyung W Kim
- 1 Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Rank CM, Heußer T, Buzan MTA, Wetscherek A, Freitag MT, Dinkel J, Kachelrieß M. 4D respiratory motion-compensated image reconstruction of free-breathing radial MR data with very high undersampling. Magn Reson Med 2016; 77:1170-1183. [PMID: 26991911 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.26206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Revised: 02/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/16/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop four-dimensional (4D) respiratory time-resolved MRI based on free-breathing acquisition of radial MR data with very high undersampling. METHODS We propose the 4D joint motion-compensated high-dimensional total variation (4D joint MoCo-HDTV) algorithm, which alternates between motion-compensated image reconstruction and artifact-robust motion estimation at multiple resolution levels. The algorithm is applied to radial MR data of the thorax and upper abdomen of 12 free-breathing subjects with acquisition times between 37 and 41 s and undersampling factors of 16.8. Resulting images are compared with compressed sensing-based 4D motion-adaptive spatio-temporal regularization (MASTeR) and 4D high-dimensional total variation (HDTV) reconstructions. RESULTS For all subjects, 4D joint MoCo-HDTV achieves higher similarity in terms of normalized mutual information and cross-correlation than 4D MASTeR and 4D HDTV when compared with reference 4D gated gridding reconstructions with 8.4 ± 1.1 times longer acquisition times. In a qualitative assessment of artifact level and image sharpness by two radiologists, 4D joint MoCo-HDTV reveals higher scores (P < 0.05) than 4D HDTV and 4D MASTeR at the same undersampling factor and the reference 4D gated gridding reconstructions, respectively. CONCLUSIONS 4D joint MoCo-HDTV enables time-resolved image reconstruction of free-breathing radial MR data with undersampling factors of 16.8 while achieving low-streak artifact levels and high image sharpness. Magn Reson Med 77:1170-1183, 2017. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M Rank
- Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Heußer
- Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Maria T A Buzan
- Department of Pneumology, Iuliu Hatieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Hasdeu Str. 6, 400371, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology with Nuclear Medicine, Thoraxklinik at Heidelberg University Hospital, Amalienstr. 5, 69126, Heidelberg, Germany.,Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Wetscherek
- Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Martin T Freitag
- Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Julien Dinkel
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology with Nuclear Medicine, Thoraxklinik at Heidelberg University Hospital, Amalienstr. 5, 69126, Heidelberg, Germany.,Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Im Neuenheimer Feld 430, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.,Institute for Clinical Radiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Hospital Munich, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Marc Kachelrieß
- Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 280, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany
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Yin XX, Hadjiloucas S, Zhang Y, Su MY, Miao Y, Abbott D. Pattern identification of biomedical images with time series: Contrasting THz pulse imaging with DCE-MRIs. Artif Intell Med 2016; 67:1-23. [PMID: 26951630 DOI: 10.1016/j.artmed.2016.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Revised: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We provide a survey of recent advances in biomedical image analysis and classification from emergent imaging modalities such as terahertz (THz) pulse imaging (TPI) and dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance images (DCE-MRIs) and identification of their underlining commonalities. METHODS Both time and frequency domain signal pre-processing techniques are considered: noise removal, spectral analysis, principal component analysis (PCA) and wavelet transforms. Feature extraction and classification methods based on feature vectors using the above processing techniques are reviewed. A tensorial signal processing de-noising framework suitable for spatiotemporal association between features in MRI is also discussed. VALIDATION Examples where the proposed methodologies have been successful in classifying TPIs and DCE-MRIs are discussed. RESULTS Identifying commonalities in the structure of such heterogeneous datasets potentially leads to a unified multi-channel signal processing framework for biomedical image analysis. CONCLUSION The proposed complex valued classification methodology enables fusion of entire datasets from a sequence of spatial images taken at different time stamps; this is of interest from the viewpoint of inferring disease proliferation. The approach is also of interest for other emergent multi-channel biomedical imaging modalities and of relevance across the biomedical signal processing community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Xia Yin
- Centre for Applied Informatics, College of Engineering and Science, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia.
| | - Sillas Hadjiloucas
- School of Systems Engineering and Department of Bioengineering, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AY, UK
| | - Yanchun Zhang
- Centre for Applied Informatics, College of Engineering and Science, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia
| | - Min-Ying Su
- Tu & Yuen Center for Functional Onco-Imaging, Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, CA, USA
| | - Yuan Miao
- College of Engineering and Science, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC 8001, Australia
| | - Derek Abbott
- Centre for Biomedical Engineering (CBME) and School of Electrical & Electronic Engineering, The University of Adelaide, South Australia, SA 5000, Australia
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Kim B, Lee CK, Seo N, Lee SS, Kim JK, Choi Y, Woo DC, Kim IS, Nickel D, Kim KW. Comparison of CAIPIRINHA-VIBE, Radial-VIBE, and conventional VIBE sequences for dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) MRI: A validation study using a DCE-MRI phantom. Magn Reson Imaging 2015; 34:638-44. [PMID: 26747409 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2015.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To validate radial acquisition of volumetric interpolated breath hold examination (Radial-VIBE) and the controlled aliasing in parallel imaging results in higher acceleration (CAIPIRINHA-VIBE) sequences for dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) by comparing them to conventional VIBE sequence using a phantom. METHODS On a DCE-MRI phantom containing various concentrations of NiCl2 solutions, six minutes of dynamic series and T1 mapping with variable flip angle methods were acquired using conventional VIBE, Radial-VIBE, and CAIPIRINHA-VIBE sequences on 3.0-T scanners. Signal stability and signal linearity were tested for dynamic series and the precision of R1 values were tested for T1 mapping series. The scans were repeatedly performed at two weeks and three months to test repeatability/reproducibility, assessed by within-subject coefficient of variation (WSCV). RESULTS Signal stability over six minutes was excellent in all three sequences. Regarding the signal linearity, CAIPIRINHA-VIBE demonstrated the highest linear correlation (r=0.963), followed by conventional VIBE (r=0.959) and Radial-VIBE (r=0.953). Regarding the R1 precision, CAIPIRINHA-VIBE (r=0.985) was the most accurate, followed by conventional VIBE (r=0.861) and Radial-VIBE (r=0.442). CAIPIRINHA-VIBE showed excellent repeatability/reproducibility (WSCV, 1.79-6.71%) compared with Radial-VIBE (WSCV, 2.04-67.2%) and conventional VIBE (WSCV, 3.4-31.9%). CONCLUSION In terms of signal stability, signal linearity, R1 precision, and repeatability/reproducibility, CAIPIRINHA-VIBE demonstrated outstanding performance for DCE-MRI compared with Radial-VIBE and conventional VIBE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohyun Kim
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Radiology, Ajou University School of Medicine, 165 Worldcup-ro, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Chang Kyung Lee
- Bioimaging Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Nieun Seo
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Soo Lee
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Kon Kim
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoonseok Choi
- Bioimaging Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Cheol Woo
- Bioimaging Center, Asan Institute for Life Sciences, Asan Medical Center, 88 Olympic-ro, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - In Seong Kim
- Siemens Healthcare, 23 Chungjung-ro, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Kyung Won Kim
- Department of Radiology and Research Institute of Radiology, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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Han F, Zhou Z, Rapacchi S, Nguyen KL, Finn JP, Hu P. Segmented golden ratio radial reordering with variable temporal resolution for dynamic cardiac MRI. Magn Reson Med 2015; 76:94-103. [PMID: 26243442 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.25861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Revised: 06/29/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Golden ratio (GR) radial reordering allows for retrospective choice of temporal resolution by providing a near-uniform k-space sampling within any reconstruction window. However, when applying GR to electrocardiogram (ECG)-gated cardiac imaging, the k-space coverage may not be as uniform because a single reconstruction window is broken into several temporally isolated ones. The goal of this study was to investigate the image artifacts caused by applying GR to ECG-gated cardiac imaging and to propose a segmented GR method to address this issue. METHODS Computer simulation and phantom experiments were used to evaluate the image artifacts resulting from three k-space sampling patterns (ie, uniform radial, conventional GR, and segmented GR). Two- and three-dimensional cardiac cine images were acquired in seven healthy subjects. Imaging artifacts due to k-space sampling nonuniformity were graded on a 5-point scale by an experienced cardiac imaging reader. RESULTS Segmented GR provides more uniform k-space sampling that is independent of heart-rate variation than conventional GR. Cardiac cine images using segmented GR have significantly higher and more reliable image quality than conventional GR. CONCLUSION Segmented GR successfully addresses the nonuniform sampling that occurs with combining conventional GR with ECG gating. This technique can potentially be applied to any ECG-gated cardiac imaging application to allow for retrospective selection of a reconstruction window. Magn Reson Med 76:94-103, 2016. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Han
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Ziwu Zhou
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Department of Bioengineering, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Stanislas Rapacchi
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Kim-Lien Nguyen
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Division of Cardiology, VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System and David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - J Paul Finn
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Peng Hu
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA.,Biomedical Physics Inter-Departmental Graduate Program, University of California, Los Angeles, California, USA
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Bangiyev L, Raz E, Block TK, Hagiwara M, Wu X, Yu E, Fatterpekar GM. Evaluation of the orbit using contrast-enhanced radial 3D fat-suppressed T1 weighted gradient echo (Radial-VIBE) sequence. Br J Radiol 2015; 88:20140863. [PMID: 26194589 DOI: 10.1259/bjr.20140863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Contrast-enhanced fat-suppressed T1 weighted (T1W) two-dimensional (2D) turbo spin echo (TSE) and magnetization-prepared gradient echo (MPRAGE) sequences with water excitation are routinely obtained to evaluate orbit pathology. However, these sequences can be marred by artefacts. The radial-volume-interpolated breath-hold examination (VIBE) sequence is a motion-robust fat-suppressed T1W sequence which has demonstrated value in paediatric and body imaging. The purpose of our study was to evaluate its role in assessing the orbit and to compare it with routinely acquired sequences. METHODS A Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act-compliant and institutional review board-approved retrospective study was performed in 46 patients (age range: 1-81 years) who underwent orbit studies on a 1.5-T MRI system using contrast-enhanced Radial-VIBE, MPRAGE and 2D TSE sequences. Two radiologists blinded to the sequence analysed evaluated multiple parameters of image quality including motion artefact, degree of fat suppression, clarity of choroidal enhancement, intraorbital vessels, extraocular muscles, optic nerves, brain parenchyma and evaluation of pathology. Each parameter was assessed on a 5-point scale, with a higher score indicating the more optimal examination. Mix model analysis of variance and interobserver variability were assessed. RESULTS Radial-VIBE demonstrated superior quality (p < 0.001) for all orbit parameters when compared with MPRAGE and 2D TSE. Interobserver agreement demonstrated average fair-to-good agreement for degree of motion artefact (0.745), fat suppression (0.678), clarity of choroidal enhancement (0.688), vessels (0.655), extraocular muscles (0.675), optic nerves (0.518), brain parenchyma (0.710) and evaluation of pathology (0.590). CONCLUSION Radial-VIBE sequence demonstrates superior image quality when evaluating the orbits as compared with conventional MPRAGE and 2D TSE sequences. ADVANCES IN KNOWLEDGE Radial-VIBE employs unique non-Cartesian k-space sampling in a radial or spoke-wheel fashion which provides superior image quality improving diagnostic capability in the evaluation of the orbits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lev Bangiyev
- 1 Department of Radiology, Stony Brook University Medical Center, Stony Brook, NY, USA
| | - Eytan Raz
- 2 Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tobias K Block
- 2 Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mari Hagiwara
- 2 Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Xin Wu
- 2 Department of Radiology, NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Eugene Yu
- 3 Department of Radiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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