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Micek M, Aebisher D, Surówka J, Bartusik-Aebisher D, Madera M. Applications of T 1 and T 2 relaxation time calculation in tissue differentiation and cancer diagnostics-a systematic literature review. Front Oncol 2022; 12:1010643. [PMID: 36531030 PMCID: PMC9749890 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1010643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The purpose of this review was to summarize current applications of non-contrast-enhanced quantitative magnetic resonance imaging (qMRI) in tissue differentiation, considering healthy tissues as well as comparisons of malignant and benign samples. The analysis concentrates mainly on the epithelium and epithelial breast tissue, especially breast cancer. METHODS A systematic review has been performed based on current recommendations by publishers and foundations. An exhaustive overview of currently used techniques and their potential in medical sciences was obtained by creating a search strategy and explicit inclusion and exclusion criteria. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION PubMed and Elsevier (Scopus & Science Direct) search was narrowed down to studies reporting T1 or T2 values of human tissues, resulting in 404 initial candidates, out of which roughly 20% were found relevant and fitting the review criteria. The nervous system, especially the brain, and connective tissue such as cartilage were the most frequently analyzed, while the breast remained one of the most uncommon subjects of studies. There was little agreement between published T1 or T2 values, and methodologies and experimental setups differed strongly. Few contemporary (after 2000) resources have been identified that were dedicated to studying the relaxation times of tissues and their diagnostic applications. Most publications concentrate on recommended diagnostic standards, for example, breast acquisition of T1- or T2-weighted images using gadolinium-based contrast agents. Not enough data is available yet to decide how repeatable or reliable analysis of relaxation times is in diagnostics, so it remains mainly a research topic. So far, qMRI might be recommended as a diagnostic help providing general insight into the nature of lesions (benign vs. malignant). However, additional means are generally necessary to differentiate between specific lesion types.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David Aebisher
- Department of Photomedicine and Physical Chemistry, Medical College of The University of Rzeszow, Rzeszow, Poland
| | | | - Dorota Bartusik-Aebisher
- Department of Biochemistry and General Chemistry, Medical College of The University of Rzeszow, Rzeszow, Poland
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He Y, DeSart K, Kubilis PS, Irwin A, Tran-Son-Tay R, Nelson PR, Berceli SA. Heterogeneous and dynamic lumen remodeling of the entire infrainguinal vein bypass grafts in patients. J Vasc Surg 2020; 71:1620-1628.e3. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvs.2019.05.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Meisel CL, Bainbridge P, Mitsouras D, Wong JY. Targeted Nanoparticle Binding to Hydroxyapatite in a High Serum Environment for Early Detection of Heart Disease. ACS APPLIED NANO MATERIALS 2018; 1:4927-4939. [PMID: 31867573 PMCID: PMC6924636 DOI: 10.1021/acsanm.8b01099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The impact of the protein-rich in vivo environment on targeted binding of functionalized nanoparticles has been an active field of research over the past several years. Current research aims at better understanding the nature of the protein corona and how it may be possible for targeted binding to occur even in the presence of serum. Much of the current research focuses on nanoparticles targeted to particular cell receptors or features with the aim of cellular uptake. However, similar research has not been performed on nanoparticles that are targeted to non-protein disease features, such as hydroxyapatite (HA). HA is a crystalline calcium-phosphate mineral that is present in large quantities in bone, and in smaller quantities in diseased cardiovascular tissue in cases of atherosclerosis or various stenoses. Our work aims to gain a better understanding of the behavior of PEGylated, peptide-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) in a biologically-relevant high-protein environment (50% serum). We first determined that specific binding to HA occurs at significantly higher rates than non-specific binding in the absence of serum protein. We then examined nanoparticle interactions with serum proteins, including determination of the relative quantities of protein in the hard vs. soft protein corona. Finally, we examined specific and non-specific binding of targeted SPIONs in 50% serum, and determined that targeted binding may still occur with significant (p < 0.05) selectivity. We hypothesize that this may be because the nature of the binding interactions between the peptides and the HA are, by definition, less specific than the protein-protein interactions required for nanoparticles to bind to specific cells or cell features. These results suggest that these targeted SPIONs may be further developed for use in early detection of heart diseases such as atherosclerosis and aortic stenosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cari L. Meisel
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, 44 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215
| | - Polly Bainbridge
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, 44 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215
| | - Dimitrios Mitsouras
- Applied Imaging Science Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis St., Boston, MA 02215
- Department of Biochemistry Microbiology and Immunology, The University of Ottawa, Faculty of Medicine, 501 Smyth Rd., Ottowa, ON K1H 3L7 Canada
| | - Joyce Y. Wong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, 44 Cummington Mall, Boston, MA 02215
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Mitsouras D, Tao M, de Vries MR, Trocha K, Miranda OR, Vemula PK, Ding K, Imanzadeh A, Schoen FJ, Karp JM, Ozaki CK, Rybicki FJ. Early animal model evaluation of an implantable contrast agent to enhance magnetic resonance imaging of arterial bypass vein grafts. Acta Radiol 2018; 59:1074-1081. [PMID: 29378421 DOI: 10.1177/0284185117753656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Non-invasive monitoring of autologous vein graft (VG) bypass grafts is largely limited to detecting late luminal narrowing. Although magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) delineates vein graft intima, media, and adventitia, which may detect early failure, the scan time required to achieve sufficient resolution is at present impractical. Purpose To study VG visualization enhancement in vivo and delineate whether a covalently attached MRI contrast agent would enable quicker longitudinal imaging of the VG wall. Material and Methods Sixteen 12-week-old male C57BL/6J mice underwent carotid interposition vein grafting. The inferior vena cava of nine donor mice was treated with a gadolinium-diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid (Gd-DTPA)-based contrast agent, with control VGs labeled with a vehicle. T1-weighted (T1W) MRI was performed serially at postoperative weeks 1, 4, 12, and 20. A portion of animals was sacrificed for histopathology following each imaging time point. Results MRI signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were significantly higher for treated VGs in the first three time points (1.73 × higher SNR, P = 0.0006, and 5.83 × higher CNR at the first time point, P = 0.0006). However, MRI signal enhancement decreased consistently in the study period, to 1.29 × higher SNR and 2.64 × higher CNR, by the final time point. There were no apparent differences in graft morphometric analyses in Masson's trichrome-stained sections. Conclusion A MRI contrast agent that binds covalently to the VG wall provides significant increase in T1W MRI signal with no observed adverse effects in a mouse model. Further optimization of the contrast agent to enhance its durability is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitrios Mitsouras
- Applied Imaging Science Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Ming Tao
- Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Margreet R de Vries
- Department of Surgery, Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Kaspar Trocha
- Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Oscar R Miranda
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Science and Technology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Praveen Kumar Vemula
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Science and Technology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kui Ding
- Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Amir Imanzadeh
- Applied Imaging Science Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Jeffrey M Karp
- Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Boston, MA, USA
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Science and Technology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - C Keith Ozaki
- Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Frank J Rybicki
- Applied Imaging Science Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
- Ottawa Hospital Research Institute and Division of Medical Imaging, The Ottawa Hospital Department of Radiology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Mitsouras D, Lee TC, Liacouras P, Ionita CN, Pietilla T, Maier SE, Mulkern RV. Three-dimensional printing of MRI-visible phantoms and MR image-guided therapy simulation. Magn Reson Med 2016; 77:613-622. [PMID: 26864335 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.26136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To demonstrate the use of anatomic MRI-visible three-dimensional (3D)-printed phantoms and to assess process accuracy and material MR signal properties. METHODS A cervical spine model was generated from computed tomography (CT) data and 3D-printed using an MR signal-generating material. Printed phantom accuracy and signal characteristics were assessed using 120 kVp CT and 3 Tesla (T) MR imaging. The MR relaxation rates and diffusion coefficient of the fabricated phantom were measured and 1 H spectra were acquired to provide insight into the nature of the proton signal. Finally, T2 -weighted imaging was performed during cryoablation of the model. RESULTS The printed model produced a CT signal of 102 ± 8 Hounsfield unit, and an MR signal roughly 1/3rd that of saline in short echo time/short repetition time GRE MRI (456 ± 36 versus 1526 ± 121 arbitrary signal units). Compared with the model designed from the in vivo CT scan, the printed model differed by 0.13 ± 0.11 mm in CT, and 0.62 ± 0.28 mm in MR. The printed material had T2 ∼32 ms, T2*∼7 ms, T1 ∼193 ms, and a very small diffusion coefficient less than olive oil. MRI monitoring of the cryoablation demonstrated iceball formation similar to an in vivo procedure. CONCLUSION Current 3D printing technology can be used to print anatomically accurate phantoms that can be imaged by both CT and MRI. Such models can be used to simulate MRI-guided interventions such as cryosurgeries. Future development of the proposed technique can potentially lead to printed models that depict different tissues and anatomical structures with different MR signal characteristics. Magn Reson Med 77:613-622, 2017. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitris Mitsouras
- Applied Imaging Science Lab, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Thomas C Lee
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Peter Liacouras
- 3D Medical Applications Center, Department of Radiology, Walter Reed National Military Medical Center, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Ciprian N Ionita
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | | | - Stephan E Maier
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Radiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Robert V Mulkern
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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Mitsouras D, Mulkern RV, Maier SE. Multicomponent T2 relaxation studies of the avian egg. Magn Reson Med 2015; 75:2156-64. [PMID: 26037128 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.25762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Revised: 04/09/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the tissue-like multiexponential T2 signal decays in avian eggs. METHODS Transverse relaxation studies of raw, soft-boiled and hard-boiled eggs were performed at 3 Tesla using a three-dimensional Carr-Purcell-Meiboom-Gill imaging sequence. Signal decays over a TE range of 11 to 354 ms were fitted assuming single- and multicomponent signal decays with up to three separately decaying components. Fat saturation was used to facilitate spectral assignment of observed decay components. RESULTS Egg white, yolk and the centrally located latebra all demonstrate nonmonoexponential T2 decays. Specifically, egg white exhibits two-component decays with intermediate and long T2 times. Meanwhile, yolk and latebra are generally best characterized with triexponential decays, with short, intermediate and very long T2 decay times. Fat saturation revealed that the intermediate component of yolk could be attributed to lipids. Cooking of the egg profoundly altered the decay curves. CONCLUSION Avian egg T2 decay curves cover a wide range of decay times. Observed T2 components in yolk and latebra as short as 10 ms, may prove valuable for testing clinical sequences designed to measure short T2 components, such as myelin-associated water in the brain. Thus we propose that the egg can be a versatile and widely available MR transverse relaxation phantom.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitris Mitsouras
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Robert V Mulkern
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Radiology, Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Stephan E Maier
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Radiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Ohana M, El Ghannudi S, Girsowicz E, Lejay A, Georg Y, Thaveau F, Chakfe N, Roy C. Detailed cross-sectional study of 60 superficial femoral artery occlusions: morphological quantitative analysis can lead to a new classification. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther 2014; 4:71-9. [PMID: 24834405 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2223-3652.2014.01.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Accepted: 12/30/2013] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Current clinical classification of superficial femoral artery (SFA) occlusions as defined by TASC II guidelines is limited to length and calcifications analysis on 2D angiograms, while state-of-the-art cross-sectional imaging like computed tomography angiography (CTA) and magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) provides much more detailed anatomical information than traditional invasive angiography: quantitative morphological analysis of these advanced imaging techniques could therefore be the basis of a refined classification. METHODS AND RESULTS Forty-six patients (65% men, 68±11.6 years) that underwent lower limb CTA were retrospectively included, totalizing 60 SFA occlusions. Lesions were classified as TASC II stage A in 3% of cases, stage B in 20%, stage C in 2% and stage D in 75%. For each pathological artery, curved multiplanar reconstructions following the occluded SFA course were used to measure the total length and the mean diameter of the occluded segment. Color-coded map provided an accurate estimation of calcifications' volume. Thirty-nine percent of the occlusions were total. Mean occluded segment length was 219±107 mm (range, 14-530 mm); mean occluded segment diameter was 6.1±1.6 mm (range, 3.4-10 mm); mean calcifications' volume in the occluded segment was 1,265±1,893 mm(3) (range, 0-8,815 mm(3)), corresponding to a percentage of 17.4%±20% (range, 0-88.7%). Shrinked occluded occlusions were defined by a mean diameter under 5 mm and heavily calcified occlusions by a mean percentage of calcifications above 4%. Use of these thresholds allowed the distinction of four groups of patients: heavily calcified occlusions with preserved caliber (56%), non-calcified occlusions with preserved caliber (19%), non-calcified occlusions with small caliber (15%) and heavily calcified occlusions with small caliber (10%). CONCLUSIONS SFA OCCLUSIONS ARE DISPARATE: this simple morphological study points out TASC II classification weaknesses for SFA occlusions, as quantitative cross-sectional imaging analysis with measurement of mean occluded diameter and percentage of calcifications can refine it. This could be particularly useful in the management of TASC II type D lesions, for which new endovascular revascularization techniques are arising, and where a CTA or MRA-based morphological classification could provide support in choosing between them. KEYWORDS Computer-assisted image processing; femoral artery; multidetector computed tomography; magnetic resonance angiography (MRA); peripheral arterial disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mickaël Ohana
- 1 Radiology Department, 2 Vascular Surgery Department, Nouvel Hôpital Civil-Strasbourg University Hospital, 1 place de l'Hôpital, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Soraya El Ghannudi
- 1 Radiology Department, 2 Vascular Surgery Department, Nouvel Hôpital Civil-Strasbourg University Hospital, 1 place de l'Hôpital, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Elie Girsowicz
- 1 Radiology Department, 2 Vascular Surgery Department, Nouvel Hôpital Civil-Strasbourg University Hospital, 1 place de l'Hôpital, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Anne Lejay
- 1 Radiology Department, 2 Vascular Surgery Department, Nouvel Hôpital Civil-Strasbourg University Hospital, 1 place de l'Hôpital, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Yannick Georg
- 1 Radiology Department, 2 Vascular Surgery Department, Nouvel Hôpital Civil-Strasbourg University Hospital, 1 place de l'Hôpital, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Fabien Thaveau
- 1 Radiology Department, 2 Vascular Surgery Department, Nouvel Hôpital Civil-Strasbourg University Hospital, 1 place de l'Hôpital, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Nabil Chakfe
- 1 Radiology Department, 2 Vascular Surgery Department, Nouvel Hôpital Civil-Strasbourg University Hospital, 1 place de l'Hôpital, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Catherine Roy
- 1 Radiology Department, 2 Vascular Surgery Department, Nouvel Hôpital Civil-Strasbourg University Hospital, 1 place de l'Hôpital, 67000 Strasbourg, France
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George E, Mitsouras D, Kumamaru KK, Shah N, Smith SE, Schultz K, Deaver PM, Mullen KM, Steigner ML, Gravereaux EC, Demehri S, Bueno EM, Talbot SG, Pomahac B, Rybicki FJ. Upper extremity composite tissue allotransplantation imaging. EPLASTY 2013; 13:e38. [PMID: 23943677 PMCID: PMC3716341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Upper extremity (UE) transplantation is the most commonly performed composite tissue allotransplantation worldwide. However, there is a lack of imaging standards for pre- and posttransplant evaluation. This study highlights the protocols and findings of UE allotransplantation toward standardization and implementation for clinical trials. METHODS Multimodality imaging protocols for a unilateral hand transplant candidate and a bilateral mid-forearm level UE transplant recipient include radiography, computed tomography (CT), magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, catheter angiography, and vascular ultrasonography. Pre- and posttransplant findings, including dynamic CT and MR performed for assessment of motor activity of transplanted hands, are assessed, and image quality of vessels and bones on CT and MR evaluated. RESULTS Preoperative imaging demonstrates extensive skeletal deformity and variation in vascular anatomy and vessel patency. Posttransplant images confirm bony union in anatomical alignment and patency of vascular anastomoses. Mild differences in rate of vascular enhancement and extent of vascular networks are noted between the 2 transplanted limbs. Dynamic CT and MR demonstrate a 15° to 30° range of motion at metacarpophalangeal joints and 90° to 110° at proximal interphalangeal joints of both transplanted hands at 8 months posttransplant. Image quality was slightly better for CT than for MR in the first subject, while MR was slightly better in the second subject. CONCLUSION Advanced vascular and musculoskeletal imaging play an important role in surgical planning and can provide novel posttransplantation data to monitor the success of the procedure. Implementation of more standardized protocols should enable a more comprehensive assessment to evaluate the efficacy in clinical trials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Nehal Shah
- bMusculoskeletal Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Stacy E. Smith
- bMusculoskeletal Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Kurt Schultz
- cToshiba Medical Research Institute, Vernon Hills, Ill
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Ericka M. Bueno
- eDivision of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Simon G. Talbot
- eDivision of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Bohdan Pomahac
- eDivision of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass
| | - Frank J. Rybicki
- aApplied Imaging Science Laboratory, Department of Radiology,Correspondence:
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Soga S, Pomahac B, Wake N, Schultz K, Prior RF, Kumamaru K, Steigner ML, Mitsouras D, Signorelli J, Bueno EM, Enterline DS, Rybicki FJ. CT angiography for surgical planning in face transplantation candidates. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2012; 34:1873-81. [PMID: 22878008 DOI: 10.3174/ajnr.a3268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
SUMMARY Facial allotransplantation replaces missing facial structures with anatomically identical tissues, providing desired functional, esthetic, and psychosocial benefits far superior to those of conventional methods. On the basis of very encouraging initial results, it is likely that more procedures will be performed in the near future. Typical candidates have extremely complex vascular anatomy due to severe injury and/or multiple prior reconstructive attempts; thus, each procedure is uniquely determined by the defects and vascular anatomy of the candidate. We detail CT angiography vascular mapping, noting the clinical relevance of the imaging, the angiosome concept and noninvasive delineation of the key vessels, and current controversies related to the vascular anastomoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Soga
- Department of Radiology, Applied Imaging Science Laboratory
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Soga S, Wake N, Bueno EM, Steigner ML, Mitsouras D, Schultz K, Diaz-Siso JR, Sisk GC, Prior R, Powers SL, Signorelli J, Jania CK, Pomahac B, Rybicki FJ. Noninvasive vascular images for face transplant surgical planning. EPLASTY 2011; 11:e51. [PMID: 22184509 PMCID: PMC3240129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Face transplantation replaces substantial defects with anatomically identical donor tissues; preoperative vascular assessment relies on noninvasive imaging to separate and characterize the external carotid vessels and branches. The objective is to describe and illustrate vascular considerations for face transplantation candidates. METHODS Novel noninvasive imaging using computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging over 3 spatial dimensions plus time was developed and tested in 4 face transplant candidates. Precontrast images assessed bones and underlying metal. Contrast media was used to delineate and separate arteries from veins. For computed tomography, acquisition over multiple time points enabled the computation of tissue perfusion metrics. Time-resolved magnetic resonance angiography was performed to separate arterial and venous phases. RESULTS The range of circulation times for the external carotid system was 6 to 14 seconds from arterial blush to loss of venous enhancement. Precontrast imaging provided a roadmap of bones and metal. Among the 4 patients, 3 had surgical clips, metal implants, or both within 1 cm of major vessels considered for surgery. Contrast-enhanced wide area detector computed tomographic data acquired in the axial mode separated these structures and provided arterial and venous images for planning the surgical anastomoses. Magnetic resonance imaging was able to distinguish between the large vessels from the external carotid systems. CONCLUSIONS Vascular imaging maps are challenging in face transplantation because of the rapid circulation times and artifact from the initial injury, prior reconstructive attempts, or both. Nevertheless, face transplant candidates require high spatial and temporal resolution vascular imaging to determine those vessels appropriate for surgical anastomoses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shigeyoshi Soga
- aApplied Imaging Science Laboratory, Department of Radiology
| | - Nicole Wake
- aApplied Imaging Science Laboratory, Department of Radiology
| | - Ericka M. Bueno
- bDepartment of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Francis St, Boston, MA
| | | | | | - Kurt Schultz
- aApplied Imaging Science Laboratory, Department of Radiology
| | - J. Rodrigo Diaz-Siso
- bDepartment of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Francis St, Boston, MA
| | - Geoffroy C. Sisk
- bDepartment of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Francis St, Boston, MA
| | - Richard Prior
- aApplied Imaging Science Laboratory, Department of Radiology
| | - Sara L. Powers
- aApplied Imaging Science Laboratory, Department of Radiology
| | | | - Camille K. Jania
- bDepartment of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Francis St, Boston, MA
| | - Bohdan Pomahac
- bDepartment of Surgery, Division of Plastic Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Francis St, Boston, MA
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Mitsouras D, Vemula PK, Yu P, Tao M, Nguyen BT, Campagna CM, Karp JM, Mulkern RV, Ozaki CK, Rybicki FJ. Immobilized contrast-enhanced MRI: Gadolinium-based long-term MR contrast enhancement of the vein graft vessel wall. Magn Reson Med 2010; 65:176-83. [PMID: 20859994 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.22606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
An implantable MR contrast agent that can be covalently immobilized on tissue during surgery has been developed. The rationale is that a durable increase in tissue contrast using an implantable contrast agent can enhance postsurgical tissue differentiation using MRI. For small-vessel (e.g., vein graft) MRI, the direct benefit of such permanent "labeling" of the vessel wall by modification of its relaxation properties is to achieve more efficient imaging. This efficiency can be realized as either increased contrast leading to more accurate delineation of vessel wall and lesion tissue boundaries, or, faster imaging without penalizing contrast-to-noise ratio, or a combination thereof. We demonstrate, for the first time, stable long-term MRI enhancement using such an exogenous contrast mechanism based on immobilizing a modified diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid gadolinium(3+) dihydrogen complex on a human vein using a covalent amide bond. Signal enhancement due to the covalently immobilized contrast agent is demonstrated for excised human vein specimens imaged at 3 T, and its long-term stability is demonstrated during a 4-month incubation period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dimitris Mitsouras
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
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Lee W, Lee V, Polio S, Keegan P, Lee JH, Fischer K, Park JK, Yoo SS. On-demand three-dimensional freeform fabrication of multi-layered hydrogel scaffold with fluidic channels. Biotechnol Bioeng 2010; 105:1178-86. [PMID: 19953677 DOI: 10.1002/bit.22613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
One of the challenges in tissue engineering is to provide adequate supplies of oxygen and nutrients to cells within the engineered tissue construct. Soft-lithographic techniques have allowed the generation of hydrogel scaffolds containing a network of fluidic channels, but at the cost of complicated and often time-consuming manufacturing steps. We report a three-dimensional (3D) direct printing technique to construct hydrogel scaffolds containing fluidic channels. Cells can also be printed on to and embedded in the scaffold with this technique. Collagen hydrogel precursor was printed and subsequently crosslinked via nebulized sodium bicarbonate solution. A heated gelatin solution, which served as a sacrificial element for the fluidic channels, was printed between the collagen layers. The process was repeated layer-by-layer to form a 3D hydrogel block. The printed hydrogel block was heated to 37 degrees C, which allowed the gelatin to be selectively liquefied and drained, generating a hollow channel within the collagen scaffold. The dermal fibroblasts grown in a scaffold containing fluidic channels showed significantly elevated cell viability compared to the ones without any channels. The on-demand capability to print fluidic channel structures and cells in a 3D hydrogel scaffold offers flexibility in generating perfusable 3D artificial tissue composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wonhye Lee
- Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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Rybicki FJ, Mitsouras D, Owens CD, Whitmore A, Gerhard-Herman M, Wake N, Cai T, Zhou Q, Conte MS, Creager MA, Mulkern RV. Multi-contrast high spatial resolution black blood inner volume three-dimensional fast spin echo MR imaging in peripheral vein bypass grafts. Int J Cardiovasc Imaging 2010; 26:683-91. [PMID: 20333469 DOI: 10.1007/s10554-010-9621-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2010] [Accepted: 03/09/2010] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to primarily evaluate the lumen area and secondarily evaluate wall area measurements of in vivo lower extremity peripheral vein bypass grafts patients using high spatial resolution, limited field of view, cardiac gated, black blood inner volume three-dimensional fast spin echo MRI. Fifteen LE-PVBG patients prospectively underwent ultrasound followed by T1-weighted and T2-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Lumen and vessel wall areas were measured by direct planimetry. For graft lumen areas, T1- and T2-weighted measurements were compared with ultrasound. For vessel wall areas, differences between T1- and T2-weighted measurements were evaluated. There was no significant difference between ultrasound and MR lumen measurements, reflecting minimal MR blood suppression artifact. Graft wall area measured from T1-weighted images was significantly larger than that measured from T2-weighted images (P < 0.001). The mean of the ratio of T1- versus T2-weighted vessel wall areas was 1.59 (95% CI: 1.48-1.69). The larger wall area measured on T1-weighted images was due to a significantly larger outer vessel wall boundary. Very high spatial resolution LE-PVBG vessel wall MR imaging can be performed in vivo, enabling accurate measurements of lumen and vessel wall areas and discerning differences in those measures between different tissue contrast weightings. Vessel wall area differences suggest that LE-PVBG vessel wall tissues produce distinct signal characteristics under T1 and T2 MR contrast weightings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frank J Rybicki
- Applied Imaging Science Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
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