1
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Gram M, Gensler D, Albertova P, Gutjahr FT, Lau K, Arias-Loza PA, Jakob PM, Nordbeck P. Quantification correction for free-breathing myocardial T 1ρ mapping in mice using a recursively derived description of a T 1ρ* relaxation pathway. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2022; 24:30. [PMID: 35534901 PMCID: PMC9082875 DOI: 10.1186/s12968-022-00864-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Fast and accurate T1ρ mapping in myocardium is still a major challenge, particularly in small animal models. The complex sequence design owing to electrocardiogram and respiratory gating leads to quantification errors in in vivo experiments, due to variations of the T1ρ relaxation pathway. In this study, we present an improved quantification method for T1ρ using a newly derived formalism of a T1ρ* relaxation pathway. METHODS The new signal equation was derived by solving a recursion problem for spin-lock prepared fast gradient echo readouts. Based on Bloch simulations, we compared quantification errors using the common monoexponential model and our corrected model. The method was validated in phantom experiments and tested in vivo for myocardial T1ρ mapping in mice. Here, the impact of the breath dependent spin recovery time Trec on the quantification results was examined in detail. RESULTS Simulations indicate that a correction is necessary, since systematically underestimated values are measured under in vivo conditions. In the phantom study, the mean quantification error could be reduced from - 7.4% to - 0.97%. In vivo, a correlation of uncorrected T1ρ with the respiratory cycle was observed. Using the newly derived correction method, this correlation was significantly reduced from r = 0.708 (p < 0.001) to r = 0.204 and the standard deviation of left ventricular T1ρ values in different animals was reduced by at least 39%. CONCLUSION The suggested quantification formalism enables fast and precise myocardial T1ρ quantification for small animals during free breathing and can improve the comparability of study results. Our new technique offers a reasonable tool for assessing myocardial diseases, since pathologies that cause a change in heart or breathing rates do not lead to systematic misinterpretations. Besides, the derived signal equation can be used for sequence optimization or for subsequent correction of prior study results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian Gram
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Experimental Physics 5, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Daniel Gensler
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center (CHFC), University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Petra Albertova
- Experimental Physics 5, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Fabian Tobias Gutjahr
- Experimental Physics 5, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center (CHFC), University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Kolja Lau
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Paula-Anahi Arias-Loza
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center (CHFC), University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | | | - Peter Nordbeck
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
- Comprehensive Heart Failure Center (CHFC), University Hospital Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
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2
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Delgado PR, Kuehne A, Periquito JS, Millward JM, Pohlmann A, Waiczies S, Niendorf T. B 1 inhomogeneity correction of RARE MRI with transceive surface radiofrequency probes. Magn Reson Med 2020; 84:2684-2701. [PMID: 32447779 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2020] [Revised: 03/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The use of surface radiofrequency (RF) coils is common practice to boost sensitivity in (pre)clinical MRI. The number of transceive surface RF coils is rapidly growing due to the surge in cryogenically cooled RF technology and ultrahigh-field MRI. Consequently, there is an increasing need for effective correction of the excitation field ( B 1 + ) inhomogeneity inherent in these coils. Retrospective B1 correction permits quantitative MRI, but this usually requires a pulse sequence-specific analytical signal intensity (SI) equation. Such an equation is not available for fast spin-echo (Rapid Acquisition with Relaxation Enhancement, RARE) MRI. Here we present, test, and validate retrospective B1 correction methods for RARE. METHODS We implemented the commonly used sensitivity correction and developed an empirical model-based method and a hybrid combination of both. Tests and validations were performed with a cryogenically cooled RF probe and a single-loop RF coil. Accuracy of SI quantification and T1 contrast were evaluated after correction. RESULTS The three described correction methods achieved dramatic improvements in B1 homogeneity and significantly improved SI quantification and T1 contrast, with mean SI errors reduced from >40% to >10% following correction in all cases. Upon correction, images of phantoms and mouse heads demonstrated homogeneity comparable to that of images acquired with a volume resonator. This was quantified by SI profile, SI ratio (error < 10%), and percentage of integral uniformity (PIU > 80% in vivo and ex vivo compared to PIU > 87% with the reference RF coil). CONCLUSION This work demonstrates the efficacy of three B1 correction methods tailored for transceive surface RF probes and RARE MRI. The corrected images are suitable for quantification and show comparable results between the three methods, opening the way for T1 measurements and X-nuclei quantification using surface transceiver RF coils. This approach is applicable to other MR techniques for which no analytical SI exists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Ramos Delgado
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany.,Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - João S Periquito
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany.,Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jason M Millward
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Andreas Pohlmann
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sonia Waiczies
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany
| | - Thoralf Niendorf
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility (B.U.F.F), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany.,Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine in the Helmholtz Association, Berlin, Germany.,MRI.TOOLS GmbH, Berlin, Germany
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3
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Strijkers GJ, Araujo EC, Azzabou N, Bendahan D, Blamire A, Burakiewicz J, Carlier PG, Damon B, Deligianni X, Froeling M, Heerschap A, Hollingsworth KG, Hooijmans MT, Karampinos DC, Loudos G, Madelin G, Marty B, Nagel AM, Nederveen AJ, Nelissen JL, Santini F, Scheidegger O, Schick F, Sinclair C, Sinkus R, de Sousa PL, Straub V, Walter G, Kan HE. Exploration of New Contrasts, Targets, and MR Imaging and Spectroscopy Techniques for Neuromuscular Disease - A Workshop Report of Working Group 3 of the Biomedicine and Molecular Biosciences COST Action BM1304 MYO-MRI. J Neuromuscul Dis 2020; 6:1-30. [PMID: 30714967 PMCID: PMC6398566 DOI: 10.3233/jnd-180333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Neuromuscular diseases are characterized by progressive muscle degeneration and muscle weakness resulting in functional disabilities. While each of these diseases is individually rare, they are common as a group, and a large majority lacks effective treatment with fully market approved drugs. Magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy techniques (MRI and MRS) are showing increasing promise as an outcome measure in clinical trials for these diseases. In 2013, the European Union funded the COST (co-operation in science and technology) action BM1304 called MYO-MRI (www.myo-mri.eu), with the overall aim to advance novel MRI and MRS techniques for both diagnosis and quantitative monitoring of neuromuscular diseases through sharing of expertise and data, joint development of protocols, opportunities for young researchers and creation of an online atlas of muscle MRI and MRS. In this report, the topics that were discussed in the framework of working group 3, which had the objective to: Explore new contrasts, new targets and new imaging techniques for NMD are described. The report is written by the scientists who attended the meetings and presented their data. An overview is given on the different contrasts that MRI can generate and their application, clinical needs and desired readouts, and emerging methods.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ericky C.A. Araujo
- NMR Laboratory, Neuromuscular Investigation Center, Institute of Myology & NMR Laboratory, CEA/DRF/IBFJ/MIRCen, Paris, France
| | - Noura Azzabou
- NMR Laboratory, Neuromuscular Investigation Center, Institute of Myology & NMR Laboratory, CEA/DRF/IBFJ/MIRCen, Paris, France
| | | | - Andrew Blamire
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | - Jedrek Burakiewicz
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
| | - Pierre G. Carlier
- NMR Laboratory, Neuromuscular Investigation Center, Institute of Myology & NMR Laboratory, CEA/DRF/IBFJ/MIRCen, Paris, France
| | - Bruce Damon
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, USA
| | - Xeni Deligianni
- Department of Radiology, Division of Radiological Physics, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland & Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Arend Heerschap
- Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Benjamin Marty
- NMR Laboratory, Neuromuscular Investigation Center, Institute of Myology & NMR Laboratory, CEA/DRF/IBFJ/MIRCen, Paris, France
| | - Armin M. Nagel
- Institute of Radiology, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Erlangen, Germany & Division of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | | | | | - Francesco Santini
- Department of Radiology, Division of Radiological Physics, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland & Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Olivier Scheidegger
- Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland
| | - Fritz Schick
- University of Tübingen, Section on Experimental Radiology, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Volker Straub
- Institute of Cellular Medicine, Newcastle University, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK
| | | | - Hermien E. Kan
- Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands
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4
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Becker KM, Blaszczyk E, Funk S, Nuesslein A, Schulz‐Menger J, Schaeffter T, Kolbitsch C. Fast myocardial T
1
mapping using cardiac motion correction. Magn Reson Med 2019; 83:438-451. [DOI: 10.1002/mrm.27935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2019] [Revised: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kirsten M. Becker
- Physikalisch‐Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) Braunschweig and Berlin Germany
| | - Edyta Blaszczyk
- Charité Medical Faculty University Medicine Berlin Germany
- Working Group on Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC) Charité Humboldt University Berlin, DZHK partner site Berlin Berlin Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Nephrology HELIOS Klinikum Berlin Buch Berlin Germany
| | - Stephanie Funk
- Charité Medical Faculty University Medicine Berlin Germany
- Working Group on Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC) Charité Humboldt University Berlin, DZHK partner site Berlin Berlin Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Nephrology HELIOS Klinikum Berlin Buch Berlin Germany
| | - André Nuesslein
- Physikalisch‐Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) Braunschweig and Berlin Germany
| | - Jeanette Schulz‐Menger
- Charité Medical Faculty University Medicine Berlin Germany
- Working Group on Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Experimental and Clinical Research Center (ECRC) Charité Humboldt University Berlin, DZHK partner site Berlin Berlin Germany
- Department of Cardiology and Nephrology HELIOS Klinikum Berlin Buch Berlin Germany
| | - Tobias Schaeffter
- Physikalisch‐Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) Braunschweig and Berlin Germany
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences King's College London London United Kingdom
| | - Christoph Kolbitsch
- Physikalisch‐Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB) Braunschweig and Berlin Germany
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences King's College London London United Kingdom
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5
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Hamilton JI, Jiang Y, Ma D, Lo WC, Gulani V, Griswold M, Seiberlich N. Investigating and reducing the effects of confounding factors for robust T 1 and T 2 mapping with cardiac MR fingerprinting. Magn Reson Imaging 2018; 53:40-51. [PMID: 29964183 PMCID: PMC7755105 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2018.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to improve the accuracy and consistency of T1 and T2 measurements using cardiac MR Fingerprinting (cMRF) by investigating and accounting for the effects of confounding factors including slice profile, inversion and T2 preparation pulse efficiency, and B1+. The goal is to understand how measurements with different pulse sequences are affected by these factors. This can be used to determine which factors must be taken into account for accurate measurements, and which may be mitigated by the selection of an appropriate pulse sequence. Simulations were performed using a numerical cardiac phantom to assess the accuracy of over 600 cMRF sequences with different flip angles, TRs, and preparation pulses. A subset of sequences, including one with the lowest errors in T1 and T2 maps, was used in subsequent analyses. Errors due to non-ideal slice profile, preparation pulse efficiency, and B1+ were quantified in Bloch simulations. Corrections for these effects were included in the dictionary generation and demonstrated in phantom and in vivo cardiac imaging at 3 T. Neglecting to model slice profile and preparation pulse efficiency led to underestimated T1 and overestimated T2 for most cMRF sequences. Sequences with smaller maximum flip angles were less affected by slice profile and B1+. Simulating all corrections in the dictionary improved the accuracy of T1 and T2 phantom measurements, regardless of acquisition pattern. More consistent myocardial T1 and T2 values were measured using different sequences after corrections. Based on these results, a pulse sequence which is minimally affected by confounding factors can be selected, and the appropriate residual corrections included for robust T1 and T2 mapping.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesse I Hamilton
- Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Yun Jiang
- Dept. of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Dan Ma
- Dept. of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Wei-Ching Lo
- Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Vikas Gulani
- Dept. of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Mark Griswold
- Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA; Dept. of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Nicole Seiberlich
- Dept. of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA; Dept. of Radiology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH, USA.
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6
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Kim MO, Hong T, Kim DH. Fast B1+ mapping using three consecutive RF pulses and balanced gradients for improved bSSFP imaging. Magn Reson Imaging 2018; 46:40-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2017.10.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2017] [Revised: 10/27/2017] [Accepted: 10/31/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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7
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Hong T, Han D, Kim MO, Kim DH. RF slice profile effects in magnetic resonance fingerprinting. Magn Reson Imaging 2017; 41:73-79. [PMID: 28391061 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2017.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Revised: 04/04/2017] [Accepted: 04/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The radio frequency (RF) slice profile effects on T1 and T2 estimation in magnetic resonance fingerprinting (MRF) are investigated with respect to time-bandwidth product (TBW), flip angle (FA) level and field inhomogeneities. Signal evolutions are generated incorporating the non-ideal slice selective excitation process using Bloch simulation and matched to the original dictionary with and without the non-ideal slice profile taken into account. For validation, phantom and in vivo experiments are performed at 3T. Both simulations and experiments results show that T1 and T2 error from non-ideal slice profile increases with increasing FA level, off-resonance, and low TBW values. Therefore, RF slice profile effects should be compensated for accurate determination of the MR parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taehwa Hong
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dongyeob Han
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Oh Kim
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Hyun Kim
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
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8
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Ogawa R, Kido T, Nakamura M, Kido T, Kurata A, Uetani T, Ogimoto A, Miyagawa M, Mochizuki T. T1 mapping using saturation recovery single-shot acquisition at 3-tesla magnetic resonance imaging in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: comparison to late gadolinium enhancement. Jpn J Radiol 2017; 35:116-125. [PMID: 28105599 DOI: 10.1007/s11604-017-0611-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 01/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We evaluated the T1 values of segments and slices and the reproducibility in healthy controls, using saturation recovery single-shot acquisition (SASHA) at 3T magnetic resonance imaging. Moreover, we examined the difference in T1 values between hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) and healthy controls, and compared those with late gadolinium enhancement (LGE). MATERIALS AND METHODS Twenty-one HCM patients and 10 healthy controls underwent T1 mapping before and after contrast administration. T1 values were measured in 12 segments. RESULTS Native T1 values were significantly longer in HCM than in healthy controls [1373 ms (1312-1452 ms) vs. 1279 ms (1229-1326 ms); p < 0.0001]. Even in HCM segments without LGE, native T1 values were significantly longer than in healthy control segments [1366 ms (1300-1439 ms) vs. 1279 ms (1229-1326 ms); p < 0.0001]. Using a cutoff value of 1327 ms for septal native T1 values, we differentiated between HCM and healthy controls with 95% sensitivity, 90% specificity, 94% accuracy, and an area under the curve of 0.95. CONCLUSIONS Native T1 values using a SASHA at 3T could differentiate HCM from healthy controls. Moreover, native T1 values have the potential to detect abnormal myocardium that cannot be identified adequately by LGE in HCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Ogawa
- Department of Radiology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan.
| | - Tomoyuki Kido
- Department of Radiology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan
| | - Masashi Nakamura
- Department of Radiology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan
| | - Teruhito Kido
- Department of Radiology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan
| | - Akira Kurata
- Department of Radiology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan
| | - Teruyoshi Uetani
- Department of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Ogimoto
- Department of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan
| | - Masao Miyagawa
- Department of Radiology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan
| | - Teruhito Mochizuki
- Department of Radiology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Shitsukawa, Toon, Ehime, 791-0295, Japan
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9
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Wang SC, Patel AR, Tanaka A, Wang H, Ota T, Lang RM, Carroll TJ, Kawaji K. A novel profile/view ordering with a non-convex star shutter for high-resolution 3D volumetric T 1 mapping under multiple breath-holds. Magn Reson Med 2016; 77:2215-2224. [PMID: 27404803 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.26303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine a novel non-convex star ordering/shutter for reducing the number of breath-holds in cardiac three-dimensional (3D) T1 Mapping MRI with multiple breath-holds. METHODS A novel ordering, Non-Convex Star (NCS) was designed to acquire 3D volumes in a modified look-locker inversion recovery (MOLLI) T1 mapping sequence to provide more spatial resolution and coverage in fewer breath-holds. The proposed 3D-MOLLI approach using NCS was first validated in two phantoms using artifact power (AP) measurement against the fully sampled phantom. This was followed by an in vivo study in seven swine, in which the T1 values of the left ventricular (LV) myocardium divided into the American Heart Association (AHA) 16-segment model was compared against the reference multislice two-dimensional (2D) clinical reference and 3D volume without NCS breath-hold reduction. RESULTS NCS breath-hold reduction yielded less AP compared with the matched SENSE accelerated phantom volume (P < 0.0005), and was shown to be optimal at 25% fewer breath-holds. Calculated T1 values from 3D in vivo volumes with/without NCS were comparable in all AHA segments (P = NS), whereas 3D-NCS yielded significantly higher T1 values than 2D at midslice of the LV myocardium in each AHA segment (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION We successfully demonstrate the feasibility of the NCS approach for a 3D T1 mapping acquisition requiring fewer breath-holds. Magn Reson Med 77:2215-2224, 2017. © 2016 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sui-Cheng Wang
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois, USA
| | - Amit R Patel
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Radiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Akiko Tanaka
- Surgery, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Hui Wang
- Philips Healthcare, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Takeyoshi Ota
- Surgery, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Roberto M Lang
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.,Radiology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | - Keigo Kawaji
- Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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10
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Shao J, Rapacchi S, Nguyen KL, Hu P. Myocardial T1 mapping at 3.0 tesla using an inversion recovery spoiled gradient echo readout and bloch equation simulation with slice profile correction (BLESSPC) T1 estimation algorithm. J Magn Reson Imaging 2016; 43:414-25. [PMID: 26214152 PMCID: PMC4718899 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.24999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2014] [Accepted: 06/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To develop an accurate and precise myocardial T1 mapping technique using an inversion recovery spoiled gradient echo readout at 3.0 Tesla (T). THEORY AND METHODS The modified Look-Locker inversion-recovery (MOLLI) sequence was modified to use fast low angle shot (FLASH) readout, incorporating a BLESSPC (Bloch Equation Simulation with Slice Profile Correction) T1 estimation algorithm, for accurate myocardial T1 mapping. The FLASH-MOLLI with BLESSPC fitting was compared with different approaches and sequences with regards to T1 estimation accuracy, precision and image artifact based on simulation, phantom studies, and in vivo studies of 10 healthy volunteers and three patients at 3.0 Tesla. RESULTS The FLASH-MOLLI with BLESSPC fitting yields accurate T1 estimation (average error = -5.4 ± 15.1 ms, percentage error = -0.5% ± 1.2%) for T1 from 236-1852 ms and heart rate from 40-100 bpm in phantom studies. The FLASH-MOLLI sequence prevented off-resonance artifacts in all 10 healthy volunteers at 3.0T. In vivo, there was no significant difference between FLASH-MOLLI-derived myocardial T1 values and "ShMOLLI+IE" derived values (1458.9 ± 20.9 ms versus 1464.1 ± 6.8 ms, P = 0.50); However, the average precision by FLASH-MOLLI was significantly better than that generated by "ShMOLLI+IE" (1.84 ± 0.36% variance versus 3.57 ± 0.94%, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION The FLASH-MOLLI with BLESSPC fitting yields accurate and precise T1 estimation, and eliminates banding artifacts associated with bSSFP at 3.0T.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Shao
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Stanislas Rapacchi
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kim-Lien Nguyen
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Division of Cardiology, Veterans Affairs Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Peng Hu
- Department of Radiological Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
- Biomedical Physics Inter-Departmental Graduate Program, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
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11
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Hsu JJ. Flip-angle profile of slice-selective excitation and the measurement of the MR longitudinal relaxation time with steady-state magnetization. Phys Med Biol 2015; 60:5785-801. [PMID: 26159799 DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/60/15/5785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In MRI, the flip angle (FA) of slice-selective excitation is not uniform across the slice-thickness dimension. This work investigates the effect of the non-uniform FA profile on the accuracy of a commonly-used method for the measurement, in which the T1 value, i.e., the longitudinal relaxation time, is determined from the steady-state signals of an equally-spaced RF pulse train. By using the numerical solutions of the Bloch equation, it is shown that, because of the non-uniform FA profile, the outcome of the T1 measurement depends significantly on T1 of the specimen and on the FA and the inter-pulse spacing τ of the pulse train. A new method to restore the accuracy of the T1 measurement is described. Different from the existing approaches, the new method also removes the FA profile effect for the measurement of the FA, which is normally a part of the T1 measurement. In addition, the new method does not involve theoretical modeling, approximation, or modification to the underlying principle of the T1 measurement. An imaging experiment is performed, which shows that the new method can remove the FA-, the τ-, and the T1-dependence and produce T1 measurements in excellent agreement with the ones obtained from a gold standard method (the inversion-recovery method).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Jiin Hsu
- Center for Imaging of Neurodegenerative Diseases, San Francisco VA Medical Center and Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, 4150 Clement Street Building 13 (114M), San Francisco, CA 94121, USA
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12
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Cooper MA, Nguyen TD, Spincemaille P, Prince MR, Weinsaft JW, Wang Y. How accurate is MOLLI T1 mapping in vivo? Validation by spin echo methods. PLoS One 2014; 9:e107327. [PMID: 25211243 PMCID: PMC4161413 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0107327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
T1 mapping is a promising quantitative tool for assessing diffuse cardiomyopathies. The purpose of this study is to quantify in vivo accuracy of the Modified Look-Locker Inversion Recovery (MOLLI) cardiac T1 mapping sequence against the spin echo gold standard, which has not been done previously. T1 accuracy of MOLLI was determined by comparing with the gold standard inversion recovery spin echo sequence in the calf muscle, and with a rapid inversion recovery fast spin echo sequence in the heart. T1 values were obtained with both conventional MOLLI fitting and MOLLI fitting with inversion efficiency correction. In the calf (n = 6), conventional MOLLI fitting produced inconsistent T1 values with error ranging from 8.0% at 90° to 17.3% at 30°. Modified MOLLI fitting with inversion efficiency correction improved error to under 7.4% at all flip angles. In the heart (n = 5), modified MOLLI fitting with inversion correction reduced T1 error to 5.5% from 14.0% by conventional MOLLI fitting. This study shows that conventional MOLLI fitting can lead to significant in vivo T1 errors when not accounting for the lower adiabatic inversion efficiency often experienced in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell A. Cooper
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, United States of America
- * E-mail:
| | - Thanh D. Nguyen
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Pascal Spincemaille
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Martin R. Prince
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Jonathan W. Weinsaft
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, United States of America
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, United States of America
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, United States of America
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, United States of America
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13
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Pflugi S, Roujol S, Akçakaya M, Kawaji K, Foppa M, Heydari B, Goddu B, Kissinger K, Berg S, Manning WJ, Kozerke S, Nezafat R. Accelerated cardiac MR stress perfusion with radial sampling after physical exercise with an MR-compatible supine bicycle ergometer. Magn Reson Med 2014; 74:384-95. [PMID: 25105469 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.25405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2013] [Revised: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the feasibility of accelerated cardiac MR (CMR) perfusion with radial sampling using nonlinear image reconstruction after exercise on an MR-compatible supine bike ergometer. METHODS Eight healthy subjects were scanned on two separate days using radial and Cartesian CMR perfusion sequences in rest and exercise stress perfusion. Four different methods (standard gridding, conjugate gradient SENSE [CG-SENSE], nonlinear inversion with joint estimation of coil-sensitivity profiles [NLINV] and compressed sensing with a total variation constraint [TV]) were compared for the reconstruction of radial data. Cartesian data were reconstructed using SENSE. All images were assessed by two blinded readers in terms of image quality and diagnostic value. RESULTS CG-SENSE and NLINV were scored more favorably than TV (in both rest and stress perfusion cases, P < 0.05) and gridding (for rest perfusion cases, P < 0.05). TV images showed patchy artifacts, which negatively influenced image quality especially in the stress perfusion images acquired with a low number of radial spokes. Although CG-SENSE and NLINV received better scores than Cartesian sampling in both rest and exercise stress perfusion cases, these differences were not statistically significant (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION We have demonstrated the feasibility of accelerated CMR perfusion using radial sampling after physical exercise using a supine bicycle ergometer in healthy subjects. For reconstruction of undersampled radial perfusion, CG-SENSE and NLINV resulted in better image quality than standard gridding or TV reconstruction. Further technical improvements and clinical assessment are needed before using this approach in patients with suspected coronary artery disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvio Pflugi
- Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular Division), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Sébastien Roujol
- Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular Division), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Mehmet Akçakaya
- Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular Division), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Keigo Kawaji
- Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular Division), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Murilo Foppa
- Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular Division), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Bobby Heydari
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Beth Goddu
- Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular Division), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Kraig Kissinger
- Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular Division), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sophie Berg
- Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular Division), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Warren J Manning
- Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular Division), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Radiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sebastian Kozerke
- Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University and ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Reza Nezafat
- Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular Division), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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14
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Tran-Gia J, Wech T, Hahn D, Bley TA, Köstler H. Consideration of slice profiles in inversion recovery Look-Locker relaxation parameter mapping. Magn Reson Imaging 2014; 32:1021-30. [PMID: 24960366 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2014.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2014] [Revised: 05/08/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To include the flip angle distribution caused by the slice profile into the model used for describing the relaxation curves observed in inversion recovery Look-Locker FLASH T1 mapping for a more accurate determination of the relaxation parameters. MATERIALS AND METHODS For each inversion time, the flip angle dependent signal of the mono-exponential relaxation model is integrated across the slice profile. The resulting Consideration of Slice Profiles (CSP) relaxation curves are compared to the mono-exponential signal model in numerical simulations as well as in phantom and in-vivo experiments. RESULTS All measured relaxation curves showed systematic deviations from a mono-exponential curve increasing with flip angle and T1 but decreasing with repetition time. Additionally, the accuracy of T1 was found to be largely dependent on the temporal coverage of the relaxation curve. All these systematic errors were largely reduced by the CSP model. CONCLUSION The proposed CSP model represents a useful extension of the conventionally used mono-exponential relaxation model. Despite inherent model inaccuracies, the mono-exponential model was found to be sufficient for many T1 mapping situations. However, if only a poor temporal coverage of the relaxation process is achievable or a very precise modeling of the relaxation course is needed as in model-based techniques, the mono-exponential model leads to systematic errors and the CSP model should be used instead.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Tran-Gia
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany.
| | - Tobias Wech
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Comprehensive Heart Failure Center Würzburg, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Dietbert Hahn
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten A Bley
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Comprehensive Heart Failure Center Würzburg, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Herbert Köstler
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany; Comprehensive Heart Failure Center Würzburg, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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15
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Karmonik C, Malaty A, Bikram M, Schmitt P, Partovi S, Shah DJ. Fast in vivo quantification of T1 and T2 MRI relaxation times in the myocardium based on inversion recovery SSFP with in vitro validation post Gd-based contrast administration. Cardiovasc Diagn Ther 2014; 4:88-96. [PMID: 24834407 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2223-3652.2013.12.01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE A fast clinical imaging technique for quantifying myocardial T1 and T2 relaxation times after Gadolinium (Gd)-based contrast administration within a single breathhold is presented with in vitro validation. MATERIALS AND METHODS From signal intensity curves in ECG-gated segmented inversion recovery balanced steady state free precession (IR-bSSFP) images, T1 and T2 values were determined for 24 agarose samples made from solutions of Omniscan (0.25-2 mg/mL) and copper-sulfate (0.52-22.17 mg/mL). T1 and T2 were also measured using turbo spin-echo (TSE) acquisitions and compared with IR-bSSFP results. In vivo T1 and T2 values from post-contrast IR-bSSFP images of five healthy volunteers were determined for (I) the left ventricular wall, (II) the interventricular septum (IVS) and (III) the lateral wall of the left ventricle (LV). Spin system simulations were performed for selected T1 and T2 values. RESULTS Good agreement between TSE and IR-bSSFP for T1 for realistic in vivo post-contrast values (below 1,250 ms, R=0.88) and for T2 (entire range, R=0.97) was found. Spin system simulations were in good agreement with measurements. In vivo average T1 was 546±32 ms and average T2 was 59±9 ms. CONCLUSIONS A fast imaging protocol for absolute quantification of myocardial T1 and T2 post-contrast is presented, validated in vitro and consecutively applied in vivo in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christof Karmonik
- 1 HoustonMethodist Department of Neurosurgery, 2 Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York City, NY 10021, USA ; 3 HoustonMethodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA ; 4 Department of Pharmacological & Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston TX 77030, USA ; 5 Siemens AG, Healthcare Sector, Erlangen, Germany, 6 University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Adam Malaty
- 1 HoustonMethodist Department of Neurosurgery, 2 Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York City, NY 10021, USA ; 3 HoustonMethodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA ; 4 Department of Pharmacological & Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston TX 77030, USA ; 5 Siemens AG, Healthcare Sector, Erlangen, Germany, 6 University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Malavosklish Bikram
- 1 HoustonMethodist Department of Neurosurgery, 2 Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York City, NY 10021, USA ; 3 HoustonMethodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA ; 4 Department of Pharmacological & Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston TX 77030, USA ; 5 Siemens AG, Healthcare Sector, Erlangen, Germany, 6 University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Peter Schmitt
- 1 HoustonMethodist Department of Neurosurgery, 2 Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York City, NY 10021, USA ; 3 HoustonMethodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA ; 4 Department of Pharmacological & Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston TX 77030, USA ; 5 Siemens AG, Healthcare Sector, Erlangen, Germany, 6 University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Sasan Partovi
- 1 HoustonMethodist Department of Neurosurgery, 2 Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York City, NY 10021, USA ; 3 HoustonMethodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA ; 4 Department of Pharmacological & Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston TX 77030, USA ; 5 Siemens AG, Healthcare Sector, Erlangen, Germany, 6 University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Dipan J Shah
- 1 HoustonMethodist Department of Neurosurgery, 2 Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York City, NY 10021, USA ; 3 HoustonMethodist DeBakey Heart & Vascular Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA ; 4 Department of Pharmacological & Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Houston, Houston TX 77030, USA ; 5 Siemens AG, Healthcare Sector, Erlangen, Germany, 6 University Hospitals Case Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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Roujol S, Weingärtner S, Foppa M, Chow K, Kawaji K, Ngo LH, Kellman P, Manning WJ, Thompson RB, Nezafat R. Accuracy, precision, and reproducibility of four T1 mapping sequences: a head-to-head comparison of MOLLI, ShMOLLI, SASHA, and SAPPHIRE. Radiology 2014; 272:683-9. [PMID: 24702727 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.14140296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 226] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare accuracy, precision, and reproducibility of four commonly used myocardial T1 mapping sequences: modified Look-Locker inversion recovery (MOLLI), shortened MOLLI (ShMOLLI), saturation recovery single-shot acquisition (SASHA), and saturation pulse prepared heart rate independent inversion recovery (SAPPHIRE). MATERIALS AND METHODS This HIPAA-compliant study was approved by the institutional review board. All subjects provided written informed consent. Accuracy, precision, and reproducibility of the four T1 mapping sequences were first compared in phantom experiments. In vivo analysis was performed in seven healthy subjects (mean age ± standard deviation, 38 years ± 19; four men, three women) who were imaged twice on two separate days. In vivo reproducibility of native T1 mapping and extracellular volume (ECV) were measured. Differences between the sequences were assessed by using Kruskal-Wallis and Wilcoxon rank sum tests (phantom data) and mixed-effect models (in vivo data). RESULTS T1 mapping accuracy in phantoms was lower with ShMOLLI (62 msec) and MOLLI (44 msec) than with SASHA (13 msec; P < .05) and SAPPHIRE (12 msec; P < .05). MOLLI had similar precision to ShMOLLI (4.0 msec vs 5.6 msec; P = .07) but higher precision than SAPPHIRE (6.8 msec; P = .002) and SASHA (8.7 msec; P < .001). All sequences had similar reproducibility in phantoms (P = .1). The four sequences had similar in vivo reproducibility for native T1 mapping (∼25-50 msec; P > .05) and ECV quantification (∼0.01-0.02; P > .05). CONCLUSION SASHA and SAPPHIRE yield higher accuracy, lower precision, and similar reproducibility compared with MOLLI and ShMOLLI for T1 measurement. Different sequences yield different ECV values; however, all sequences have similar reproducibility for ECV quantification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Roujol
- From the Departments of Medicine (Cardiovascular Division) (S.R., S.W., M.F., K.K., L.H.N., W.J.M., R.N.) and Radiology (W.J.M.), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, 300 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02215; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada (K.C., R.B.T.); and National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Md (P.K.)
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Weingärtner S, Akçakaya M, Basha T, Kissinger KV, Goddu B, Berg S, Manning WJ, Nezafat R. Combined saturation/inversion recovery sequences for improved evaluation of scar and diffuse fibrosis in patients with arrhythmia or heart rate variability. Magn Reson Med 2013; 71:1024-34. [DOI: 10.1002/mrm.24761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 128] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Weingärtner
- Department of Medicine; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School; Boston, Massachusetts USA
- Computer Assisted Clinical Medicine; University Medical Center Mannheim, Heidelberg University; Mannheim Germany
| | - Mehmet Akçakaya
- Department of Medicine; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School; Boston, Massachusetts USA
| | - Tamer Basha
- Department of Medicine; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School; Boston, Massachusetts USA
| | - Kraig V. Kissinger
- Department of Medicine; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School; Boston, Massachusetts USA
| | - Beth Goddu
- Department of Medicine; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School; Boston, Massachusetts USA
| | - Sophie Berg
- Department of Medicine; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School; Boston, Massachusetts USA
| | - Warren J. Manning
- Department of Medicine; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School; Boston, Massachusetts USA
- Department of Radiology; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School; Boston, Massachusetts USA
| | - Reza Nezafat
- Department of Medicine; Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School; Boston, Massachusetts USA
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