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Grzywińska M, Świętoń D, Sabisz A, Piskunowicz M. Functional Magnetic Resonance Urography in Children-Tips and Pitfalls. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13101786. [PMID: 37238270 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13101786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
MR urography can be an alternative to other imaging methods of the urinary tract in children. However, this examination may present technical problems influencing further results. Special attention must be paid to the parameters of dynamic sequences to obtain valuable data for further functional analysis. The analysis of methodology for renal function assessment using 3T magnetic resonance in children. A retrospective analysis of MR urography studies was performed in a group of 91 patients. Particular attention was paid to the acquisition parameters of the 3D-Thrive dynamic with contrast medium administration as a basic urography sequence. The authors have evaluated images qualitatively and compared contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), curves smoothness, and quality of baseline (evaluation signal noise ratio) in every dynamic in each patient in every protocol used in our institution. Quality analysis of the image (ICC = 0.877, p < 0.001) was improved so that we have a statistically significant difference in image quality between protocols (χ2(3) = 20.134, p < 0.001). The results obtained for SNR in the medulla and cortex show that there was a statistically significant difference in SNR in the cortex (χ2(3) = 9.060, p = 0.029). Therefore, the obtained results show that with the newer protocol, we obtain lower values of standard deviation for TTP in the aorta (in ChopfMRU: first protocol SD = 14.560 vs. fourth protocol SD = 5.599; in IntelliSpace Portal: first protocol SD = 15.241 vs. fourth protocol SD = 5.506). Magnetic resonance urography is a promising technique with a few challenges that arise and need to be overcome. New technical opportunities should be introduced for everyday practice to improve MRU results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Grzywińska
- Applied Cognitive Neuroscience Lab., Department of Neurophysiology, Neuropsychology and Neuroinformatics, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Dominik Świętoń
- 2nd Department of Radiology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Sabisz
- 2nd Department of Radiology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Maciej Piskunowicz
- 1st Department of Radiology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland
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Herrmann J, Nickel D, Mugler JP, Arberet S, Gassenmaier S, Afat S, Nikolaou K, Othman AE. Development and Evaluation of Deep Learning-Accelerated Single-Breath-Hold Abdominal HASTE at 3 T Using Variable Refocusing Flip Angles. Invest Radiol 2021; 56:645-652. [PMID: 33965966 DOI: 10.1097/rli.0000000000000785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Deep learning (DL) reconstruction enables substantial acceleration of image acquisition while maintaining diagnostic image quality. The aims of this study were to overcome the drawback of specific absorption rate (SAR)-related limitations at 3 T and to develop a DL-accelerated single-breath-hold half-Fourier acquisition single-shot turbo spin echo (HASTE) sequence for 2-dimesional T2-weighted fat-suppressed magnetic resonance imaging of the abdomen at 3 T using a variable flip angle (FA) evolution for the refocusing radiofrequency pulses, as well as to evaluate its feasibility and image quality in comparison to state-of-the-art T2-weighted fat-suppressed imaging technique (BLADE). MATERIALS AND METHODS First, a suitable FA evolution with low cardiac motion-related signal loss (CRSL) and low SAR was determined through a prospective volunteer study with 11 participants. Image quality and diagnostic confidence with 5 different FA evolutions of a HASTEDL were assessed to identify the most suitable FA evolution. Second, the identified FA evolution was implemented clinically and evaluated in 51 patients undergoing a clinically indicated liver magnetic resonance imaging at 3 T. Two radiologists assessed the HASTEDL and standard sequences regarding overall image quality, noise, contrast, sharpness, artifacts, CRSL, and diagnostic confidence using a Likert scale ranging from 1 to 4, with 4 being the best. Comparative analyses were conducted to assess the differences between HASTEDL (acquisition time, 21 seconds; single breath-hold) and the routinely used T2-weighted BLADE sequence (acquisition time, 4 minutes; respiratory triggering). RESULTS From the volunteer study, the FA evolution characterized by the control points 130-90-110-130 degrees (HASTEDL) was identified as optimal among the 5 evolutions evaluated and was implemented in our clinical protocol. In all 51 patients, HASTEDL was successfully acquired at 3 T and showed excellent image quality (median, 4; interquartile range, 3-4). Although BLADE was rated significantly higher for overall image quality, noise, contrast, sharpness, artifacts, CRSL, and diagnostic confidence than HASTEDL, no differences were found concerning the number (n = 102) and measured diameter of the detected hepatic lesions between the 2 sequences BLADE and HASTEDL. CONCLUSIONS The proposed single-breath-hold abdominal HASTEDL with variable refocusing FAs is feasible at 3 T within SAR limits and yields high image quality and diagnostic confidence as compared with a standard T2-weighted acquisition technique, at a 10th of the acquisition time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Herrmann
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Tuebingen
| | - Dominik Nickel
- MR Applications Predevelopment, Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Erlangen, Germany
| | - John P Mugler
- Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA
| | - Simon Arberet
- Digital Technology & Innovation, Siemens Healthineers, Princeton, NJ
| | - Sebastian Gassenmaier
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Tuebingen
| | - Saif Afat
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Tuebingen
| | - Konstantin Nikolaou
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Tuebingen
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Harder FN, Budjan J, Nickel MD, Grimm R, Pietsch H, Schoenberg SO, Jost G, Attenberger UI. Intraindividual Comparison of Compressed Sensing-Accelerated Cartesian and Radial Arterial Phase Imaging of the Liver in an Experimental Tumor Model. Invest Radiol 2021; 56:433-441. [PMID: 33813577 DOI: 10.1097/rli.0000000000000767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to intraindividually compare the performance of 2 compressed sensing (CS)-accelerated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences, 1 featuring Cartesian (compressed sensing volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination [CS-VIBE]) and the other radial (golden-angle radial sparse parallel [GRASP]) k-space sampling in continuous dynamic imaging during hepatic vascular phases, using extracellular and hepatocyte-specific contrast agents. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seven New Zealand white rabbits, with induced VX2 liver tumors (median number of lesions, 2 ± 0.83; range, 1-3), received 2 continuously acquired T1-weighted prototype CS-accelerated MRI sequences (CS-VIBE and GRASP) with high spatial (0.8 × 0.8 × 1.5 mm) and temporal resolution (3.5 seconds) in randomized order on 2 separate days using a 1.5-T scanner. In all animals, imaging was performed using first gadobutrol at a dose of 0.1 mmol/kg and, then 45 minutes later, gadoxetic acid at a dose of 0.025 mmol/kg.The following qualitative parameters were assessed using 3- and 5-point Likert scales (3 and 5 being the highest scores respectively): image quality (IQ), arterial and venous vessel delineation, tumor enhancement, motion artifacts, and sequence-specific artifacts. Furthermore, the following quantitative parameters were obtained: relative peak signal enhancement, time to peak, mean transit time, and plasma flow ratios. Paired sampled t tests and Wilcoxon signed rank tests were used for intraindividual comparison. Image analysis was performed by 2 radiologists. RESULTS Six of 7 animals underwent the full imaging protocol and obtained data were analyzed statistically. Overall IQ was rated moderate to excellent, not differing significantly between the 2 sequences.Gadobutrol-enhanced CS-VIBE examinations revealed the highest mean Likert scale values in terms of vessel delineation and tumor enhancement (arterial 4.4 [4-5], venous 4.3 [3-5], and tumor 2.9 [2-3]). Significantly, more sequence-specific artifacts were seen in GRASP examinations (P = 0.008-0.031). However, these artifacts did not impair IQ. Excellent Likert scale ratings were found for motion artifacts in both sequences. In both sequences, a maximum of 4 hepatic arterial dominant phases were obtained. Regarding the relative peak signal enhancement, CS-VIBE and GRASP showed similar results. The relative peak signal enhancement values did not differ significantly between the 2 sequences in the aorta, the hepatic artery, or the inferior vena cava (P = 0.063-0.536). However, significantly higher values were noted for CS-VIBE in gadoxetic acid-enhanced examinations in the portal vein (P = 0.031) and regarding the tumor enhancement (P = 0.005). Time to peak and mean transit time or plasma flow ratios did not differ significantly between the sequences. CONCLUSIONS Both CS-VIBE and GRASP provide excellent results in dynamic liver MRI using extracellular and hepatocyte-specific contrast agents, in terms of IQ, peak signal intensity, and presence of artifacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix N Harder
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, School of Medicine, Technical University of Munich, Munich
| | | | | | | | | | - Stefan O Schoenberg
- Department of Clinical Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim-Heidelberg University, Mannheim
| | - Gregor Jost
- MR and CT Contrast Media Research, Bayer AG, Berlin
| | - Ulrike I Attenberger
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Barman PM, VanWagner LB. Cardiac Risk Assessment in Liver Transplant Candidates: Current Controversies and Future Directions. Hepatology 2021; 73:2564-2576. [PMID: 33219576 PMCID: PMC8220582 DOI: 10.1002/hep.31647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
In the changing landscape of liver transplantation (LT), we are now evaluating older and sicker patients with more cardiovascular comorbidities, and the spectrum of cardiovascular disease is uniquely physiologically impacted by end-stage liver disease. Cardiac complications are now the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in LT recipients, and the pretransplant risk is exacerbated immediately during the transplant operation and continues long term under the umbrella of immunosuppression. Accurate risk estimation of cardiac complications before LT is paramount to guide allocation of limited health care resources and to improve both short-term and long-term clinical outcomes for patients. Current screening and diagnostic testing are limited in their capacity to accurately identify early coronary disease and myocardial dysfunction in persons with end-stage liver disease physiology. Furthermore, a number of testing modalities have not been evaluated in patients with end-stage liver disease. As a result, there is wide variation in cardiac risk assessment practices across transplant centers. In this review, we propose a definition for defining cardiac events in LT, evaluate the current evidence for surgery-related, short-term and long-term cardiac risk assessment in LT candidates, propose an evidence-based testing algorithm, and highlight specific gaps in knowledge and current controversies, identifying areas for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranab M. Barman
- Department of Medicine-Division of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA
| | - Lisa B. VanWagner
- Department of Medicine-Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL,Department of Preventive Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL,Comprehensive Transplant Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
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Herrmann J, Gassenmaier S, Nickel D, Arberet S, Afat S, Lingg A, Kündel M, Othman AE. Diagnostic Confidence and Feasibility of a Deep Learning Accelerated HASTE Sequence of the Abdomen in a Single Breath-Hold. Invest Radiol 2021; 56:313-319. [PMID: 33208596 DOI: 10.1097/rli.0000000000000743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of a single breath-hold fast half-Fourier single-shot turbo spin echo (HASTE) sequence using a deep learning reconstruction (HASTEDL) for T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging of the abdomen as compared with 2 standard T2-weighted imaging sequences (HASTE and BLADE). MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty-six patients who underwent 1.5-T liver magnetic resonance imaging were included in this monocentric, retrospective study. The following T2-weighted sequences in axial orientation and using spectral fat suppression were compared: a conventional respiratory-triggered BLADE sequence (time of acquisition [TA] = 4:00 minutes), a conventional multiple breath-hold HASTE sequence (HASTES) (TA = 1:30 minutes), as well as a single breath-hold HASTE with deep learning reconstruction (HASTEDL) (TA = 0:16 minutes). Two radiologists assessed the 3 sequences regarding overall image quality, noise, sharpness, diagnostic confidence, and lesion detectability as well as lesion characterization using a Likert scale ranging from 1 to 4 with 4 being the best. Comparative analyses were conducted to assess the differences between the 3 sequences. RESULTS HASTEDL was successfully acquired in all patients. Overall image quality for HASTEDL was rated as good (median, 3; interquartile range, 3-4) and was significantly superior to HASTEs (P < 0.001) and inferior to BLADE (P = 0.001). Noise, sharpness, and artifacts for HASTEDL reached similar levels to BLADE (P ≤ 0.176) and were significantly superior to HASTEs (P < 0.001). Diagnostic confidence for HASTEDL was rated excellent by both readers and significantly superior to HASTEs (P < 0.001) and inferior to BLADE (P = 0.044). Lesion detectability and lesion characterization for HASTEDL reached similar levels to those of BLADE (P ≤ 0.523) and were significantly superior to HASTEs (P < 0.001). Concerning the number of detected lesions and the measured diameter of the largest lesion, no significant differences were found comparing BLADE, HASTES, and HASTEDL (P ≤ 0.912). CONCLUSIONS The single breath-hold HASTEDL is feasible and yields comparable image quality and diagnostic confidence to standard T2-weighted TSE BLADE and may therefore allow for a remarkable time saving in abdominal imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Judith Herrmann
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Tuebingen
| | - Sebastian Gassenmaier
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Tuebingen
| | - Dominik Nickel
- MR Applications Predevelopment, Siemens Healthcare GmbH, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Simon Arberet
- Digital Technology & Innovation, Siemens Medical Solutions USA, Inc, Princeton, NJ
| | - Saif Afat
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Tuebingen
| | - Andreas Lingg
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Tuebingen
| | - Matthias Kündel
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Tuebingen
| | - Ahmed E Othman
- From the Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Eberhard Karls University Tuebingen, Tuebingen
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Brunsing RL, Fowler KJ, Yokoo T, Cunha GM, Sirlin CB, Marks RM. Alternative approach of hepatocellular carcinoma surveillance: abbreviated MRI. HEPATOMA RESEARCH 2020; 6:59. [PMID: 33381651 PMCID: PMC7771881 DOI: 10.20517/2394-5079.2020.50] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This review focuses on emerging abbreviated magnetic resonance imaging (AMRI) surveillance of patients with chronic liver disease for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This surveillance strategy has been proposed as a high-sensitivity alternative to ultrasound for identification of patients with early-stage HCC, particularly in patients with cirrhosis or obesity, in whom sonographic visualization of small tumors may be compromised. Three general AMRI approaches have been developed and studied in the literature - non-contrast AMRI, dynamic contrast-enhanced AMRI, and hepatobiliary phase contrast-enhanced AMRI - each comprising a small number of selected sequences specifically tailored for HCC detection. The rationale, general technique, advantages and disadvantages, and diagnostic performance of each AMRI approach is explained. Additionally, current gaps in knowledge and future directions are discussed. Based on emerging evidence, we cautiously recommend the use of AMRI for HCC surveillance in situations where ultrasound is compromised.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan L. Brunsing
- Department of Radiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Kathryn J. Fowler
- Liver Imaging Group, Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Takeshi Yokoo
- Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Guilherme Moura Cunha
- Liver Imaging Group, Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Claude B. Sirlin
- Liver Imaging Group, Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA 92093, USA
| | - Robert M. Marks
- Department of Radiology, Naval Medical Center San Diego, San Diego, CA 92134, USA
- Department of Radiology, Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Chan WY, Hartono S, Thng CH, Koh DM. New Advances in Magnetic Resonance Techniques in Abdomen and Pelvis. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 2020; 28:433-445. [PMID: 32624160 DOI: 10.1016/j.mric.2020.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This article explores new acquisition methods in magnetic resonance (MR) imaging to provide high spatial and temporal resolution imaging for a wide spectrum of clinical applications in the abdomen and pelvis. We present an overview of some of these advanced MR techniques, such as non-cartesian image acquisition, fast sampling and compressed sensing, diffusion quantification and quantitative MR that can improve data sampling, enhance image quality, yield quantitative measurements, and/or optimize diagnostic performance in the body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Ying Chan
- Division of Oncologic Imaging, National Cancer Centre, 11 Hospital Crescent, Singapore 169610, Singapore
| | - Septian Hartono
- Department of Neurology, National Neuroscience Institute, Singapore, 11 Jln Tan Tock Seng, Singapore 308433, Singapore
| | - Choon Hua Thng
- Division of Oncologic Imaging, National Cancer Centre, 11 Hospital Crescent, Singapore 169610, Singapore
| | - Dow-Mu Koh
- Department of Radiology, Royal Marsden Hospital, Downs Road, Sutton SM2 5PT, UK.
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Free-Breathing Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced Imaging of the Upper Abdomen Using a Cartesian Compressed-Sensing Sequence With Hard-Gated and Motion-State-Resolved Reconstruction. Invest Radiol 2019; 54:728-736. [DOI: 10.1097/rli.0000000000000607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Zhang J, Feng L, Otazo R, Kim SG. Rapid dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI for small animals at 7T using 3D ultra-short echo time and golden-angle radial sparse parallel MRI. Magn Reson Med 2019; 81:140-152. [PMID: 30058079 PMCID: PMC6258350 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.27357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/22/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop a rapid dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI method with high spatial and temporal resolution for small-animal imaging at 7 Tesla. METHODS An ultra-short echo time (UTE) pulse sequence using a 3D golden-angle radial sampling was implemented to achieve isotropic spatial resolution with flexible temporal resolution. Continuously acquired radial spokes were grouped into subsets for image reconstruction using a multicoil compressed sensing approach (Golden-angle RAdial Sparse Parallel; GRASP). The proposed 3D-UTE-GRASP method with high temporal and spatial resolutions was tested using 7 mice with GL261 intracranial glioma models. RESULTS Iterative reconstruction with different temporal resolutions and regularization factors λ showed that, in all cases, the cost function decreased to less than 2.5% of its starting value within 20 iterations. The difference between the time-intensity curves of 3D-UTE-GRASP and nonuniform fast Fourier transform (NUFFT) images was minimal when λ was 1% of the maximum signal intensity of the initial NUFFT images. The 3D isotropic images were used to generate pharmacokinetic parameter maps to show the detailed images of the tumor characteristics in 3D and also to show longitudinal changes during tumor growth. CONCLUSION This feasibility study demonstrated that the proposed 3D-UTE-GRASP method can be used for effective measurement of the 3D spatial heterogeneity of tumor pharmacokinetic parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Zhang
- Center for Biomedical Imaging (CBI), Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAIR), Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Li Feng
- Center for Biomedical Imaging (CBI), Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAIR), Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Ricardo Otazo
- Center for Biomedical Imaging (CBI), Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAIR), Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
| | - Sungheon Gene Kim
- Center for Biomedical Imaging (CBI), Center for Advanced Imaging Innovation and Research (CAIR), Department of Radiology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States
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10
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Adamiano A, Iafisco M, Sandri M, Basini M, Arosio P, Canu T, Sitia G, Esposito A, Iannotti V, Ausanio G, Fragogeorgi E, Rouchota M, Loudos G, Lascialfari A, Tampieri A. On the use of superparamagnetic hydroxyapatite nanoparticles as an agent for magnetic and nuclear in vivo imaging. Acta Biomater 2018; 73:458-469. [PMID: 29689381 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2018] [Revised: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The identification of alternative biocompatible magnetic NPs for advanced clinical application is becoming an important need due to raising concerns about iron accumulation in soft issues associated to the administration of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (NPs). Here, we report on the performance of previously synthetized iron-doped hydroxyapatite (FeHA) NPs as contrast agent for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). The MRI contrast abilities of FeHA and Endorem® (dextran coated iron oxide NPs) were assessed by 1H nuclear magnetic resonance relaxometry and their performance in healthy mice was monitored by a 7 Tesla scanner. FeHA applied a higher contrast enhancement, and had a longer endurance in the liver with respect to Endorem® at iron equality. Additionally, a proof of concept of FeHA use as scintigraphy imaging agent for positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) was given labeling FeHA with 99mTc-MDP by a straightforward surface functionalization process. Scintigraphy/x-ray fused imaging and ex vivo studies confirmed its dominant accumulation in the liver, and secondarily in other organs of the mononuclear phagocyte system. FeHA efficiency as MRI-T2 and PET-SPECT imaging agent combined to its already reported intrinsic biocompatibility qualifies it as a promising material for innovative nanomedical applications. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE The ability of iron-doped hydroxyapatite nanoaprticles (FeHA) to work in vivo as imaging agents for magnetic resonance (MR) and nuclear imaging is demonstrated. FeHA applied an higher MR contrast in the liver, spleen and kidneys of mice with respect to Endorem®. The successful radiolabeling of FeHA allowed for scintigraphy/X-ray and ex vivo biodistribution studies, confirming MR results and envisioning FeHA application for dual-imaging.
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Cao QY, Zou ZM, Wang Q, He CN, Zou Q, Wang B. MRI manifestations of hepatic perfusion disorders. Exp Ther Med 2018; 15:5199-5204. [PMID: 29805544 PMCID: PMC5958701 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to analyze the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) results from patients with hepatic perfusion disorders (HPD) and liver diseases, in order to assess the pathogenetic mechanisms. This was completed byanalyzing the causes of HPD in 35 patients to assess if they were associated with arterioportal shunt, and classify the patients according to results from the MRI scans. Of the 35 patients, 26 (74.3%) with HPD presented with hepatocellular carcinoma, a major cause of HPD. The HPD phenomenon in 35 patients was not identified as obvious abnormal lesions on T2WI and T1WI according to the isointensity on diffusion weighted images. Enhanced scanning showed hyperintense signals on the arterial phase images, isointense or hyperintense signals on portal phase and delayed phase images. According to their MRI findings, hepatic perfusion disorders may be divided into different types, as follows: Diffuse, lobe or segment type, wedge type and platy. The HPD phenomenon may herald an underlying abnormality of liver disease and MRI may accurately diagnose HPDs in liver diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Yong Cao
- Department of Radiology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264100, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Meng Zou
- Department of Radiology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264100, P.R. China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Radiology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264100, P.R. China
| | - Chun-Ni He
- Department of Radiology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264100, P.R. China
| | - Qing Zou
- Department of Radiology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264100, P.R. China
| | - Bin Wang
- Department of Radiology, Yantai Affiliated Hospital of Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264100, P.R. China.,Medical Imaging Center, Binzhou Medical University, Yantai, Shandong 264100, P.R. China
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12
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Jafari R, Chhabra S, Prince MR, Wang Y, Spincemaille P. Vastly accelerated linear least-squares fitting with numerical optimization for dual-input delay-compensated quantitative liver perfusion mapping. Magn Reson Med 2017; 79:2415-2421. [PMID: 28833534 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.26888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 08/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To propose an efficient algorithm to perform dual input compartment modeling for generating perfusion maps in the liver. METHODS We implemented whole field-of-view linear least squares (LLS) to fit a delay-compensated dual-input single-compartment model to very high temporal resolution (four frames per second) contrast-enhanced 3D liver data, to calculate kinetic parameter maps. Using simulated data and experimental data in healthy subjects and patients, whole-field LLS was compared with the conventional voxel-wise nonlinear least-squares (NLLS) approach in terms of accuracy, performance, and computation time. RESULTS Simulations showed good agreement between LLS and NLLS for a range of kinetic parameters. The whole-field LLS method allowed generating liver perfusion maps approximately 160-fold faster than voxel-wise NLLS, while obtaining similar perfusion parameters. CONCLUSIONS Delay-compensated dual-input liver perfusion analysis using whole-field LLS allows generating perfusion maps with a considerable speedup compared with conventional voxel-wise NLLS fitting. Magn Reson Med 79:2415-2421, 2018. © 2017 International Society for Magnetic Resonance in Medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramin Jafari
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Shalini Chhabra
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Martin R Prince
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Yi Wang
- Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA.,Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York, USA
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13
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Free-breathing liver perfusion imaging using 3-dimensional through-time spiral generalized autocalibrating partially parallel acquisition acceleration. Invest Radiol 2016; 50:367-75. [PMID: 25946703 DOI: 10.1097/rli.0000000000000135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The goal of this study was to develop free-breathing high-spatiotemporal resolution dynamic contrast-enhanced liver magnetic resonance imaging using non-Cartesian parallel imaging acceleration, and quantitative liver perfusion mapping. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study was approved by the local institutional review board and written informed consent was obtained from all participants. Ten healthy subjects and 5 patients were scanned on a Siemens 3-T Skyra scanner. A stack-of-spirals trajectory was undersampled in-plane with a reduction factor of 6 and reconstructed using 3-dimensional (3D) through-time non-Cartesian generalized autocalibrating partially parallel acquisition. High-resolution 3D images were acquired with a true temporal resolution of 1.6 to 1.9 seconds while the subjects were breathing freely. A dual-input single-compartment model was used to retrieve liver perfusion parameters from dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging data, which were coregistered using an algorithm designed to reduce the effects of dynamic contrast changes on registration. Image quality evaluation was performed on spiral images and conventional images from 5 healthy subjects. RESULTS Images with a spatial resolution of 1.9 × 1.9 × 3 mm3 were obtained with whole-liver coverage. With an imaging speed of better than 2 s/vol, free-breathing scans were achieved and dynamic changes in enhancement were captured. The overall image quality of free-breathing spiral images was slightly lower than that of conventional long breath-hold Cartesian images, but it provided clinically acceptable or better image quality. The free-breathing 3D images were registered with almost no residual motion in liver tissue. After the registration, quantitative whole-liver 3D perfusion maps were obtained and the perfusion parameters are all in good agreement with the literature. CONCLUSIONS This high-spatiotemporal resolution free-breathing 3D liver imaging technique allows voxelwise quantification of liver perfusion.
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Luna A, Pahwa S, Bonini C, Alcalá-Mata L, Wright KL, Gulani V. Multiparametric MR Imaging in Abdominal Malignancies. Magn Reson Imaging Clin N Am 2016; 24:157-186. [PMID: 26613880 PMCID: PMC4974463 DOI: 10.1016/j.mric.2015.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Modern MR imaging protocols can yield both anatomic and functional information for the assessment of hepatobiliary and pancreatic malignancies. Diffusion-weighted imaging is fully integrated into state-of-the-art protocols for tumor detection, characterization, and therapy monitoring. Hepatobiliary contrast agents have gained ground in the evaluation of focal liver lesions during the last years. Perfusion MR imaging is expected to have a central role for monitoring therapy in body tumors treated with antivascular drugs. Approaches such as Magnetic resonance (MR) elastography and (1)H-MR spectroscopy are still confined to research centers, but with the potential to grow in a short time frame.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Luna
- Department of Radiology, Health Time, Carmelo Torres 2, Jaén 23006, Spain; Department of Radiology, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
| | - Shivani Pahwa
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | | | - Lidia Alcalá-Mata
- Department of Radiology, Health Time, Carmelo Torres 2, Jaén 23006, Spain
| | - Katherine L Wright
- Department of Radiology, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Vikas Gulani
- Department of Radiology, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Urology, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA
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Estimating liver perfusion from free-breathing continuously acquired dynamic gadolinium-ethoxybenzyl-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid-enhanced acquisition with compressed sensing reconstruction. Invest Radiol 2015; 50:88-94. [PMID: 25333309 DOI: 10.1097/rli.0000000000000105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of this study was to estimate perfusion metrics in healthy and cirrhotic liver with pharmacokinetic modeling of high-temporal resolution reconstruction of continuously acquired free-breathing gadolinium-ethoxybenzyl-diethylenetriamine pentaacetic acid-enhanced acquisition in patients undergoing clinically indicated liver magnetic resonance imaging. SUBJECTS AND METHODS In this Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act-compliant prospective study, 9 cirrhotic and 10 noncirrhotic patients underwent clinical magnetic resonance imaging, which included continuously acquired radial stack-of-stars 3-dimensional gradient recalled echo sequence with golden-angle ordering scheme in free breathing during contrast injection. A total of 1904 radial spokes were acquired continuously in 318 to 340 seconds. High-temporal resolution data sets were formed by grouping 13 spokes per frame for temporal resolution of 2.2 to 2.4 seconds, which were reconstructed using the golden-angle radial sparse parallel technique that combines compressed sensing and parallel imaging. High-temporal resolution reconstructions were evaluated by a board-certified radiologist to generate gadolinium concentration-time curves in the aorta (arterial input function), portal vein (venous input function), and liver, which were fitted to dual-input dual-compartment model to estimate liver perfusion metrics that were compared between cirrhotic and noncirrhotic livers. RESULTS The cirrhotic livers had significantly lower total plasma flow (70.1 ± 10.1 versus 103.1 ± 24.3 mL/min per 100 mL; P < 0.05), lower portal venous flow (33.4 ± 17.7 versus 89.9 ± 20.8 mL/min per 100 mL; P < 0.05), and higher arterial perfusion fraction (52.0% ± 23.4% versus 12.4% ± 7.1%; P < 0.05). The mean transit time was higher in the cirrhotic livers (24.4 ± 4.7 versus 15.7 ± 3.4 seconds; P < 0.05), and the hepatocellular uptake rate was lower (3.03 ± 2.1 versus 6.53 ± 2.4 100/min; P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Liver perfusion metrics can be estimated from free-breathing dynamic acquisition performed for every clinical examination without additional contrast injection or time. This is a novel paradigm for dynamic liver imaging.
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Ciet P, Serra G, Bertolo S, Spronk S, Ros M, Fraioli F, Quattrucci S, Assael MB, Catalano C, Pomerri F, Tiddens HAWM, Morana G. Assessment of CF lung disease using motion corrected PROPELLER MRI: a comparison with CT. Eur Radiol 2015; 26:780-7. [PMID: 26024847 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-015-3850-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Revised: 05/05/2015] [Accepted: 05/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To date, PROPELLER MRI, a breathing-motion-insensitive technique, has not been assessed for cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease. We compared this technique to CT for assessing CF lung disease in children and adults. METHODS Thirty-eight stable CF patients (median 21 years, range 6-51 years, 22 female) underwent MRI and CT on the same day. Study protocol included respiratory-triggered PROPELLER MRI and volumetric CT end-inspiratory and -expiratory acquisitions. Two observers scored the images using the CF-MRI and CF-CT systems. Scores were compared with intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman plots. The sensitivity and specificity of MRI versus CT were calculated. RESULTS MRI sensitivity for detecting severe CF bronchiectasis was 0.33 (CI 0.09-0.57), while specificity was 100% (CI 0.88-1). ICCs for bronchiectasis and trapped air were as follows: MRI-bronchiectasis (0.79); CT-bronchiectasis (0.85); MRI-trapped air (0.51); CT-trapped air (0.87). Bland-Altman plots showed an MRI tendency to overestimate the severity of bronchiectasis in mild CF disease and underestimate bronchiectasis in severe disease. CONCLUSIONS Motion correction in PROPELLER MRI does not improve assessment of CF lung disease compared to CT. However, the good inter- and intra-observer agreement and the high specificity suggest that MRI might play a role in the short-term follow-up of CF lung disease (i.e. pulmonary exacerbations). KEY POINTS PROPELLER MRI does not match CT sensitivity to assess CF lung disease. PROPELLER MRI has lower sensitivity than CT to detect severe bronchiectasis. PROPELLER MRI has good to very good intra- and inter-observer variability. PROPELLER MRI can be used for short-term follow-up studies in CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierluigi Ciet
- Radiology Department, General Hospital Ca' Foncello, Treviso, Italy.,Pediatric Pulmonology Erasmus MC, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Radiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Silvia Bertolo
- Radiology Department, General Hospital Ca' Foncello, Treviso, Italy
| | - Sandra Spronk
- Radiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Epidemiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Mirco Ros
- Pediatrics, Ca' Foncello Hospital, Treviso, Italy
| | - Francesco Fraioli
- Institute of Nuclear Medicine, University College London (UCL), London, UK
| | | | | | | | - Fabio Pomerri
- Department of Medicine-DIMED, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Harm A W M Tiddens
- Pediatric Pulmonology Erasmus MC, Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.,Radiology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Giovanni Morana
- Radiology Department, General Hospital Ca' Foncello, Treviso, Italy.
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Ippolito D, Colombo M, Trattenero C, Bonaffini PA, Talei Franzesi C, Fior D, Sironi S. Diagnostic Value of Semiquantitative Analysis of Dynamic Susceptibility Contrast Magnetic Resonance Imaging with GD-EOB-DTPA in Focal Liver Lesions Characterization: A Feasibility Study. Gastroenterol Res Pract 2015; 2015:630273. [PMID: 26064093 PMCID: PMC4438153 DOI: 10.1155/2015/630273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose. To assess the diagnostic accuracy of dynamic susceptibility contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DSCE-MRI) in differentiation between benign and malignant liver lesions by assessment of tumoral perfusion parameters. Methods Materials. Seventy-three patients with known focal liver lesions, including 45 benign (16 FNH, 27 angiomas, and 2 abscesses) and 28 malignant ones (17 metastases, 9 HCCs, and 2 cholangiocarcinoma) underwent 1.5 T MRI upper abdominal study, with standard protocol that included dynamic contrast-enhanced sequences. On dedicated workstation, time-intensity curves were determined and the following perfusion parameters were calculated: relative arterial, venous and late enhancement (RAE, RVE, RLE), maximum enhancement (ME), relative enhancement (RE), and time to peak (TTP). Results. All diagnoses were established either by histopathology or imaging follow-up. Perfusion mean values calculated in benign lesions were RAE 33.8%, RVE 66.03%, RLE 80.63%, ME 776.00%, MRE 86.27%, and TTP 146.95 sec. Corresponding perfusion values calculated in malignant lesions were RAE 22.47%, RVE 40.54%, RLE 47.52%, ME 448.78%, MRE 49.85%, and TTP 183.79 sec. Statistical difference (p < 0.05) was achieved in all the perfusion parameters calculated, obtaining different cluster of perfusion kinetics between benign and malignant lesions. Conclusions. DSCE-MRI depicts kinetic differences in perfusion parameters among the different common liver lesions, related to tumour supply and microvascular characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Ippolito
- 1School of Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Milan, Italy
- 2Department of Diagnostic Radiology, H. S. Gerardo Monza, Milan, Italy
- *Davide Ippolito:
| | - Maddalena Colombo
- 1School of Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Milan, Italy
- 2Department of Diagnostic Radiology, H. S. Gerardo Monza, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Trattenero
- 1School of Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Milan, Italy
- 2Department of Diagnostic Radiology, H. S. Gerardo Monza, Milan, Italy
| | - Pietro Andrea Bonaffini
- 1School of Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Milan, Italy
- 2Department of Diagnostic Radiology, H. S. Gerardo Monza, Milan, Italy
| | - Cammillo Talei Franzesi
- 1School of Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Milan, Italy
- 2Department of Diagnostic Radiology, H. S. Gerardo Monza, Milan, Italy
| | - Davide Fior
- 1School of Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Milan, Italy
- 2Department of Diagnostic Radiology, H. S. Gerardo Monza, Milan, Italy
| | - Sandro Sironi
- 1School of Medicine, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Milan, Italy
- 2Department of Diagnostic Radiology, H. S. Gerardo Monza, Milan, Italy
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DCE-MRI of the liver: reconstruction of the arterial input function using a low dose pre-bolus contrast injection. PLoS One 2014; 9:e115667. [PMID: 25546176 PMCID: PMC4278725 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0115667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose To assess the quality of the arterial input function (AIF) reconstructed using a dedicated pre-bolus low-dose contrast material injection imaged with a high temporal resolution and the resulting estimated liver perfusion parameters. Materials and Methods In this IRB–approved prospective study, 24 DCE-MRI examinations were performed in 21 patients with liver disease (M/F 17/4, mean age 56 y). The examination consisted of 1.3 mL and 0.05 mmol/kg of gadobenate dimeglumine for pre-bolus and main bolus acquisitions, respectively. The concentration-curve of the abdominal aorta in the pre-bolus acquisition was used to reconstruct the AIF. AIF quality and shape parameters obtained with pre-bolus and main bolus acquisitions and the resulting estimated hepatic perfusion parameters obtained with a dual-input single compartment model were compared between the 2 methods. Test–retest reproducibility of perfusion parameters were assessed in three patients. Results The quality of the pre-bolus AIF curve was significantly better than that of main bolus AIF. Shape parameters peak concentration, area under the time activity curve of gadolinium contrast at 60 s and upslope of pre-bolus AIF were all significantly higher, while full width at half maximum was significantly lower than shape parameters of main bolus AIF. Improved liver perfusion parameter reproducibility was observed using pre-bolus acquisition [coefficient of variation (CV) of 4.2%–38.7% for pre-bolus vs. 12.1–71.4% for main bolus] with the exception of distribution volume (CV of 23.6% for pre-bolus vs. 15.8% for main bolus). The CVs between pre-bolus and main bolus for the perfusion parameters were lower than 14%. Conclusion The AIF reconstructed with pre-bolus low dose contrast injection displays better quality and shape parameters and enables improved liver perfusion parameter reproducibility, although the resulting liver perfusion parameters demonstrated no clinically significant differences between pre-bolus and main bolus acquisitions.
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Cooper MA, Nguyen TD, Xu B, Prince MR, Elad M, Wang Y, Spincemaille P. Patch based reconstruction of undersampled data (PROUD) for high signal-to-noise ratio and high frame rate contrast enhanced liver imaging. Magn Reson Med 2014; 74:1587-97. [PMID: 25483782 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.25551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2014] [Revised: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE High spatial-temporal four-dimensional imaging with large volume coverage is necessary to accurately capture and characterize liver lesions. Traditionally, parallel imaging and adapted sampling are used toward this goal, but they typically result in a loss of signal to noise. Furthermore, residual under-sampling artifacts can be temporally varying and complicate the quantitative analysis of contrast enhancement curves needed for pharmacokinetic modeling. We propose to overcome these problems using a novel patch-based regularization approach called Patch-based Reconstruction Of Under-sampled Data (PROUD). THEORY AND METHODS PROUD produces high frame rate image reconstructions by exploiting the strong similarities in spatial patches between successive time frames to overcome the severe k-space under-sampling. To validate PROUD, a numerical liver perfusion phantom was developed to characterize contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) performance compared with a previously proposed method, TRACER. A second numerical phantom was constructed to evaluate the temporal footprint and lag of PROUD and TRACER reconstructions. Finally, PROUD and TRACER were evaluated in a cohort of five liver donors. RESULTS In the CNR phantom, PROUD, compared with TRACER, improved peak CNR by 3.66 times while maintaining or improving temporal fidelity. In vivo, PROUD demonstrated an average increase in CNR of 60% compared with TRACER. CONCLUSION The results presented in this work demonstrate the feasibility of using a combination of patch based image constraints with temporal regularization to provide high SNR, high temporal frame rate and spatial resolution four dimensional imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchell A Cooper
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA.,Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Thanh D Nguyen
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Bo Xu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA.,Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Martin R Prince
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Michael Elad
- Division of Computer Science, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA.,Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
| | - Pascal Spincemaille
- Department of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York, USA
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Budjan J, Ong M, Riffel P, Morelli JN, Michaely HJ, Schoenberg SO, Haneder S. CAIPIRINHA-Dixon-TWIST (CDT)-volume-interpolated breath-hold examination (VIBE) for dynamic liver imaging: Comparison of gadoterate meglumine, gadobutrol and gadoxetic acid. Eur J Radiol 2014; 83:2007-12. [PMID: 25172427 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2014.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2014] [Revised: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 08/07/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Budjan
- Institute of Clinical Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim-Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany.
| | - Melissa Ong
- Institute of Clinical Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim-Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Philipp Riffel
- Institute of Clinical Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim-Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - John N Morelli
- Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Henrik J Michaely
- Institute of Clinical Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim-Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Stefan O Schoenberg
- Institute of Clinical Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim-Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Stefan Haneder
- Institute of Clinical Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, University Medical Center Mannheim, Medical Faculty Mannheim-Heidelberg University, Mannheim, Germany
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K-t GRAPPA-accelerated 4D flow MRI of liver hemodynamics: influence of different acceleration factors on qualitative and quantitative assessment of blood flow. MAGNETIC RESONANCE MATERIALS IN PHYSICS BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2014; 28:149-59. [PMID: 25099493 DOI: 10.1007/s10334-014-0456-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2014] [Revised: 07/08/2014] [Accepted: 07/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We sought to evaluate the feasibility of k-t parallel imaging for accelerated 4D flow MRI in the hepatic vascular system by investigating the impact of different acceleration factors. MATERIALS AND METHODS k-t GRAPPA accelerated 4D flow MRI of the liver vasculature was evaluated in 16 healthy volunteers at 3T with acceleration factors R = 3, R = 5, and R = 8 (2.0 × 2.5 × 2.4 mm(3), TR = 82 ms), and R = 5 (TR = 41 ms); GRAPPA R = 2 was used as the reference standard. Qualitative flow analysis included grading of 3D streamlines and time-resolved particle traces. Quantitative evaluation assessed velocities, net flow, and wall shear stress (WSS). RESULTS Significant scan time savings were realized for all acceleration factors compared to standard GRAPPA R = 2 (21-71 %) (p < 0.001). Quantification of velocities and net flow offered similar results between k-t GRAPPA R = 3 and R = 5 compared to standard GRAPPA R = 2. Significantly increased leakage artifacts and noise were seen between standard GRAPPA R = 2 and k-t GRAPPA R = 8 (p < 0.001) with significant underestimation of peak velocities and WSS of up to 31 % in the hepatic arterial system (p <0.05). WSS was significantly underestimated up to 13 % in all vessels of the portal venous system for k-t GRAPPA R = 5, while significantly higher values were observed for the same acceleration with higher temporal resolution in two veins (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION k-t acceleration of 4D flow MRI is feasible for liver hemodynamic assessment with acceleration factors R = 3 and R = 5 resulting in a scan time reduction of at least 40 % with similar quantitation of liver hemodynamics compared with GRAPPA R = 2.
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Salmani Rahimi M, Korosec FR, Wang K, Holmes JH, Motosugi U, Bannas P, Reeder SB. Combined dynamic contrast-enhanced liver MRI and MRA using interleaved variable density sampling. Magn Reson Med 2014; 73:973-83. [PMID: 24639130 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.25195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Revised: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 02/07/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To develop and evaluate a method for volumetric contrast-enhanced MRI of the liver, with high spatial and temporal resolutions, for combined dynamic imaging and MR angiography (MRA) using a single injection of contrast agent. METHODS An interleaved variable density (IVD) undersampling pattern was implemented in combination with a real-time-triggered, time-resolved, dual-echo 3D spoiled gradient echo sequence. Parallel imaging autocalibration lines were acquired only once during the first time frame. Imaging was performed in 10 subjects with focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) and compared with their clinical MRI. The angiographic phase of the proposed method was compared with a dedicated MR angiogram acquired during a second injection of contrast. RESULTS A total of 21 FNH, three cavernous hemangiomas, and 109 arterial segments were visualized in 10 subjects. The temporally resolved images depicted the characteristic arterial enhancement pattern of the lesions with a 4-s update rate. Images were graded as having significantly higher quality compared with the clinical MRI. Angiograms produced from the IVD method provided noninferior diagnostic assessment compared with the dedicated MR angiogram. CONCLUSION Using an undersampled IVD imaging method, we have demonstrated the feasibility of obtaining high spatial and temporal resolution dynamic contrast-enhanced imaging and simultaneous MRA of the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Salmani Rahimi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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Radial volumetric imaging breath-hold examination (VIBE) with k-space weighted image contrast (KWIC) for dynamic gadoxetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA)-enhanced MRI of the liver: advantages over Cartesian VIBE in the arterial phase. Eur Radiol 2014; 24:1290-9. [PMID: 24633374 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-014-3122-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2013] [Revised: 01/30/2014] [Accepted: 02/11/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare radial volumetric imaging breath-hold examination with k-space weighted image contrast reconstruction (r-VIBE-KWIC) to Cartesian VIBE (c-VIBE) in arterial phase dynamic gadoxetic acid (Gd-EOB-DTPA)-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) of the liver. METHODS We reviewed 53 consecutive DCE-MRI studies performed on a 3-T unit using c-VIBE and 53 consecutive cases performed using r-VIBE-KWIC with full-frame image subset (r-VIBEfull) and sub-frame image subsets (r-VIBEsub; temporal resolution, 2.5-3 s). All arterial phase images were scored by two readers on: (1) contrast-enhancement ratio (CER) in the abdominal aorta; (2) scan timing; (3) artefacts; (4) visualisation of the common, right, and left hepatic arteries. RESULTS Mean abdominal aortic CERs for c-VIBE, r-VIBEfull, and r-VIBEsub were 3.2, 4.3 and 6.5, respectively. There were significant differences between each group (P < 0.0001). The mean score for c-VIBE was significantly lower than that for r-VIBEfull and r-VIBEsub in all factors except for visualisation of the common hepatic artery (P < 0.05). The mean score of all factors except for scan timing for r-VIBEsub was not significantly different from that for r-VIBEfull. CONCLUSIONS Radial VIBE-KWIC provides higher image quality than c-VIBE, and r-VIBEsub features high temporal resolution without image degradation in arterial phase DCE-MRI. KEY POINTS Radial VIBE-KWIC minimised artefact and produced high-quality and high-temporal-resolution images. Maximum abdominal aortic enhancement was observed on sub-frame images of r-VIBE-KWIC. Using r-VIBE-KWIC, optimal arterial phase images were obtained in over 90 %. Using r-VIBE-KWIC, visualisation of the hepatic arteries was improved. A two-reader study revealed r-VIBE-KWIC's advantages over Cartesian VIBE.
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Wright KL, Hamilton JI, Griswold MA, Gulani V, Seiberlich N. Non-Cartesian parallel imaging reconstruction. J Magn Reson Imaging 2014; 40:1022-40. [PMID: 24408499 DOI: 10.1002/jmri.24521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2013] [Accepted: 11/05/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-Cartesian parallel imaging has played an important role in reducing data acquisition time in MRI. The use of non-Cartesian trajectories can enable more efficient coverage of k-space, which can be leveraged to reduce scan times. These trajectories can be undersampled to achieve even faster scan times, but the resulting images may contain aliasing artifacts. Just as Cartesian parallel imaging can be used to reconstruct images from undersampled Cartesian data, non-Cartesian parallel imaging methods can mitigate aliasing artifacts by using additional spatial encoding information in the form of the nonhomogeneous sensitivities of multi-coil phased arrays. This review will begin with an overview of non-Cartesian k-space trajectories and their sampling properties, followed by an in-depth discussion of several selected non-Cartesian parallel imaging algorithms. Three representative non-Cartesian parallel imaging methods will be described, including Conjugate Gradient SENSE (CG SENSE), non-Cartesian generalized autocalibrating partially parallel acquisition (GRAPPA), and Iterative Self-Consistent Parallel Imaging Reconstruction (SPIRiT). After a discussion of these three techniques, several potential promising clinical applications of non-Cartesian parallel imaging will be covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine L Wright
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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