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Bechtold BJ, Lynch KD, Oyanna VO, Call MR, Graf TN, Oberlies NH, Clarke JD. Rifampin- and Silymarin-Mediated Pharmacokinetic Interactions of Exogenous and Endogenous Substrates in a Transgenic OATP1B Mouse Model. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:2284-2297. [PMID: 38529622 PMCID: PMC11073900 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c01088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Organic anion-transporting polypeptides (OATP) 1B1 and OATP1B3, encoded by the SLCO gene family of the solute carrier superfamily, are involved in the disposition of many exogenous and endogenous compounds. Preclinical rodent models help assess risks of pharmacokinetic interactions, but interspecies differences in transporter orthologs and expression limit direct clinical translation. An OATP1B transgenic mouse model comprising a rodent Slco1a/1b gene cluster knockout and human SLCO1B1 and SLCO1B3 gene insertions provides a potential physiologically relevant preclinical tool to predict pharmacokinetic interactions. Pharmacokinetics of exogenous probe substrates, pitavastatin and pravastatin, and endogenous OATP1B biomarkers, coproporphyrin-I and coproporphyrin-III, were determined in the presence and absence of known OATP/Oatp inhibitors, rifampin or silymarin (an extract of milk thistle [Silybum marianum]), in wild-type FVB mice and humanized OATP1B mice. Rifampin increased exposure of pitavastatin (4.6- and 2.8-fold), pravastatin (3.6- and 2.2-fold), and coproporphyrin-III (1.6- and 2.1-fold) in FVB and OATP1B mice, respectively, but increased coproporphyrin-I AUC0-24h only (1.8-fold) in the OATP1B mice. Silymarin did not significantly affect substrate AUC, likely because the silymarin flavonolignan concentrations were at or below their reported IC50 values for the relevant OATPs/Oatps. Silymarin increased the Cmax of pitavastatin 2.7-fold and pravastatin 1.9-fold in the OATP1B mice. The data of the OATP1B mice were similar to those of the pitavastatin and pravastatin clinical data; however, the FVB mice data more closely recapitulated pitavastatin clinical data than the data of the OATP1B mice, suggesting that the OATP1B mice are a reasonable, though costly, preclinical strain for predicting pharmacokinetic interactions when doses are optimized to achieve clinically relevant plasma concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baron J. Bechtold
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, 412 E. Spokane Falls Blvd., Spokane, Washington 99202, United States
| | - Katherine D. Lynch
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, 412 E. Spokane Falls Blvd., Spokane, Washington 99202, United States
| | - Victoria O. Oyanna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, 412 E. Spokane Falls Blvd., Spokane, Washington 99202, United States
| | - M. Ridge Call
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, 412 E. Spokane Falls Blvd., Spokane, Washington 99202, United States
| | - Tyler N. Graf
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, North Carolina, 27412, United States
| | - Nicholas H. Oberlies
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, North Carolina, 27412, United States
| | - John D. Clarke
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington State University, 412 E. Spokane Falls Blvd., Spokane, Washington 99202, United States
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Bechtold BJ, Lynch KD, Oyanna VO, Call MR, White LA, Graf TN, Oberlies NH, Clarke JD. Pharmacokinetic Effects of Different Models of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Transgenic Humanized OATP1B Mice. Drug Metab Dispos 2024; 52:355-367. [PMID: 38485280 PMCID: PMC11023818 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.123.001607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP) 1B1 and OATP1B3 (collectively, OATP1B) transporters encoded by the solute carrier organic anion transporter (SLCO) genes mediate uptake of multiple pharmaceutical compounds. Nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH), a severe form of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), decreases OATP1B abundance. This research characterized the pathologic and pharmacokinetics effects of three diet- and one chemical-induced NAFLD model in male and female humanized OATP1B mice, which comprises knock-out of rodent Oatp orthologs and insertion of human SLCO1B1 and SLCO1B3. Histopathology scoring demonstrated elevated steatosis and inflammation scores for all NAFLD-treatment groups. Female mice had minor changes in SLCO1B1 expression in two of the four NAFLD treatment groups, and pitavastatin (PIT) area under the concentration-time curve (AUC) increased in female mice in only one of the diet-induced models. OATP1B3 expression decreased in male and female mice in the chemical-induced NAFLD model, with a coinciding increase in PIT AUC, indicating the chemical-induced model may better replicate changes in OATP1B3 expression and OATP substrate disposition observed in NASH patients. This research also tested a reported multifactorial pharmacokinetic interaction between NAFLD and silymarin, an extract from milk thistle seeds with notable OATP-inhibitory effects. Males showed no change in PIT AUC, whereas female PIT AUC increased 1.55-fold from the diet alone and the 1.88-fold from the combination of diet with silymarin, suggesting that female mice are more sensitive to pharmacokinetic changes than male mice. Overall, the humanized OATP1B model should be used with caution for modeling NAFLD and multifactorial pharmacokinetic interactions. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: Advanced stages of NAFLD cause decreased hepatic OATP1B abundance and increase systemic exposure to OATP substrates in human patients. The humanized OATP1B mouse strain may provide a clinically relevant model to recapitulate these observations and predict pharmacokinetic interactions in NAFLD. This research characterized three diet-induced and one drug-induced NAFLD model in a humanized OATP1B mouse model. Additionally, a multifactorial pharmacokinetic interaction was observed between silymarin and NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baron J Bechtold
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (B.J.B., K.D.L., V.O.O., M.R.C., J.D.C.) and Washington Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory (L.A.W.), Washington State University, Pullman, Washington; and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina (T.N.G., N.H.O.)
| | - Katherine D Lynch
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (B.J.B., K.D.L., V.O.O., M.R.C., J.D.C.) and Washington Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory (L.A.W.), Washington State University, Pullman, Washington; and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina (T.N.G., N.H.O.)
| | - Victoria O Oyanna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (B.J.B., K.D.L., V.O.O., M.R.C., J.D.C.) and Washington Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory (L.A.W.), Washington State University, Pullman, Washington; and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina (T.N.G., N.H.O.)
| | - M Ridge Call
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (B.J.B., K.D.L., V.O.O., M.R.C., J.D.C.) and Washington Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory (L.A.W.), Washington State University, Pullman, Washington; and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina (T.N.G., N.H.O.)
| | - Laura A White
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (B.J.B., K.D.L., V.O.O., M.R.C., J.D.C.) and Washington Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory (L.A.W.), Washington State University, Pullman, Washington; and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina (T.N.G., N.H.O.)
| | - Tyler N Graf
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (B.J.B., K.D.L., V.O.O., M.R.C., J.D.C.) and Washington Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory (L.A.W.), Washington State University, Pullman, Washington; and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina (T.N.G., N.H.O.)
| | - Nicholas H Oberlies
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (B.J.B., K.D.L., V.O.O., M.R.C., J.D.C.) and Washington Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory (L.A.W.), Washington State University, Pullman, Washington; and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina (T.N.G., N.H.O.)
| | - John D Clarke
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (B.J.B., K.D.L., V.O.O., M.R.C., J.D.C.) and Washington Animal Disease Diagnostic Laboratory (L.A.W.), Washington State University, Pullman, Washington; and Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina (T.N.G., N.H.O.)
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Bhattacharyya T, Mallett CL, Shapiro EM. MRI-Based Cell Tracking of OATP-Expressing Cell Transplants by Pre-Labeling with Gd-EOB-DTPA. Mol Imaging Biol 2024; 26:233-239. [PMID: 38448775 DOI: 10.1007/s11307-024-01904-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE A critical step in cell-based therapies is determining the exact position of transplanted cells immediately post-transplant. Here, we devised a method to detect cell transplants immediately post-transplant, using a clinical gadolinium-based contrast agent. These cells were detected as hyperintense signals using a clinically familiar T1-weighted MRI protocol. PROCEDURES HEK293 cells were stably transduced to express human OATP1B3, a hepatic organic anion transporting polypeptide that transports Gd-EOB-DTPA into cells that express the transporters, the intracellular accumulation of which cells causes signal enhancement on T1-weighted MRI. Cells were pre-labeled prior to injection in media containing Gd-EOB-DTPA for MRI evaluation and indocyanine green for cryofluorescence tomography validation. Labeled cells were injected into chicken hearts, in vitro, after which MRI and cryofluorescence tomography were performed in sequence. RESULTS OATP1B3-expressing cells had substantially reduced T1 following labeling with Gd-EOB-DTPA in culture. Following their implantation into chicken heart, these cells were robustly identified in T1-weighted MRI, with image-derived injection volumes of cells commensurate with intended injection volumes. Cryofluorescence tomography showed that the areas of signal enhancement in MRI overlapped with areas of indocyanine green signal, indicating that MRI signal enhancement was due to the transplanted cells. CONCLUSIONS OATP1B3-expressing cells can be pre-labeled with Gd-EOB-DTPA prior to injection into tissue, affording the use of clinically familiar T1-weighted MRI to robustly detect cell transplants immediately after transplant. This procedure is easily generalizable and has potential advantages over the use of iron oxide based cell labeling agents and imaging procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapas Bhattacharyya
- Molecular and Cellular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Michigan State University, 846 Service Rd, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Christiane L Mallett
- Molecular and Cellular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Michigan State University, 846 Service Rd, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
| | - Erik M Shapiro
- Molecular and Cellular Imaging Laboratory, Department of Radiology, Michigan State University, 846 Service Rd, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA.
- Department of Physiology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Material Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
- Institute for Quantitative Health Science and Engineering, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
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Abstract
ABSTRACT Recent safety concerns surrounding the use of gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) have spurred research into identifying alternatives to GBCAs for use with magnetic resonance imaging. This review summarizes the molecular and pharmaceutical properties of a GBCA replacement and how these may be achieved. Complexes based on high-spin, divalent manganese (Mn 2+ ) have shown promise as general purpose and liver-specific contrast agents. A detailed description of the complex Mn-PyC3A is provided, describing its physicochemical properties, its behavior in different animal models, and how it compares with GBCAs. The review points out that, although there are parallels with GBCAs in how the chemical properties of Mn 2+ complexes can predict in vivo behavior, there are also marked differences between Mn 2+ complexes and GBCAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Caravan
- From the Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Institute for Innovation in Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Bhattacharyya T, Mallett C, Shapiro EM. MRI-based cell tracking of OATP-expressing cell transplants by pre-labeling with Gd-EOB-DTPA. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-3698429. [PMID: 38168297 PMCID: PMC10760244 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-3698429/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
Purpose A critical step in cell-based therapies is determining the exact position of transplanted cells immediately post-transplant. Here, we devised a method to detect cell transplants immediately post-transplant, using a clinical gadolinium-based contrast agent. These cells were detected as hyperintense signals using a clinically familiar T1-weighted MRI protocol. Procedures HEK293 cells were stably transduced to express human OATP1B3, a hepatic organic anion transporting polypeptide that transports Gd-EOB-DTPA into cells that express the transporters, the intracellular accumulation of which cells causes signal enhancement on T1-weighted MRI. Cells were pre-labeled prior to injection in media containing Gd-EOB-DTPA for MRI evaluation and indocyanine green for cryofluorescence tomography validation. Labeled cells were injected into chicken hearts, in vitro, after which MRI and cryofluorescence tomography were performed in sequence. Results OATP1B3-expressing cells had substantially reduced T1 following labeling with Gd-EOB-DTPA in culture. Following their implantation into chicken heart, these cells were robustly identified in T1-weighted MRI, with image-derived injection volumes of cells commensurate with intended injection volumes. Cryofluorescence tomography showed that the areas of signal enhancement in MRI overlapped with areas of indocyanine green signal, indicating that MRI signal enhancement was due to the transplanted cells. Conclusions OATP1B3-expressing cells can be pre-labeled with Gd-EOB-DTPA prior to injection into tissue, affording the use of clinically familiar T1-weighted MRI to robustly detect cell transplants immediately after transplant. This procedure is easily generalizable and has potential advantages over the use of iron oxide based cell labeling agents and imaging procedures.
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Zerdoug A, Le Vée M, Uehara S, Lopez B, Chesné C, Suemizu H, Fardel O. Contribution of Humanized Liver Chimeric Mice to the Study of Human Hepatic Drug Transporters: State of the Art and Perspectives. Eur J Drug Metab Pharmacokinet 2022; 47:621-637. [DOI: 10.1007/s13318-022-00782-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Organic Anion Transporting Polypeptide 1B1 Is a Potential Reporter for Dual MR and Optical Imaging. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22168797. [PMID: 34445497 PMCID: PMC8395777 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22168797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Membrane proteins responsible for transporting magnetic resonance (MR) and fluorescent contrast agents are of particular importance because they are potential reporter proteins in noninvasive molecular imaging. Gadobenate dimeglumine (Gd-BOPTA), a liver-specific MR contrast agent, has been used globally for more than 10 years. However, the corresponding molecular transportation mechanism has not been validated. We previously reported that the organic anion transporting polypeptide (OATP) 1B3 has an uptake capability for both MR agents (Gd-EOB-DTPA) and indocyanine green (ICG), a clinically available near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent dye. This study further evaluated OATP1B1, another polypeptide of the OATP family, to determine its reporter capability. In the OATP1B1 transfected 293T transient expression model, both Gd-BOPTA and Gd-EOB-DTPA uptake were confirmed through 1.5 T MR imaging. In the constant OAPT1B1 and OATP1B3 expression model in the HT-1080 cell line, both HT-1080-OAPT1B1 and HT-1080-OATP1B3 were observed to ingest Gd-BOPTA and Gd-EOB-DTPA. Lastly, we validated the ICG uptake capability of both OATP1B1 and OATP1B3. OAPT1B3 exhibited a superior ICG uptake capability to that of OAPT1B1. We conclude that OATP1B1 is a potential reporter for dual MR and NIR fluorescent molecular imaging, especially in conjunction with Gd-BOPTA.
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Liu C, Sun Y, Yang Y, Feng Y, Xie X, Qi L, Liu K, Wang X, Zhu Q, Zhao X. Gadobenate dimeglumine-enhanced biliary imaging from the hepatobiliary phase can predict progression in patients with liver cirrhosis. Eur Radiol 2021; 31:5840-5850. [PMID: 33533990 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-021-07702-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2020] [Revised: 12/02/2020] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the value of gadobenate dimeglumine (Gd-BOPTA)-enhanced biliary imaging from the hepatobiliary phase in predicting hepatic decompensation and insufficiency for patients with cirrhosis. METHODS This single-center retrospective study included 270 patients who underwent Gd-BOPTA-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging. The relative enhancement ratios of the biliary system (REB) and liver parenchyma (REL) in patients with normal liver function without underlying chronic liver disease and three groups of patients with Child-Pugh A, Child-Pugh B, and Child-Pugh C disease were measured. After a mean follow-up of 38.5 ± 22.5 months, prognostic factors were evaluated using the Cox proportional hazards regression model. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses were performed to assess the capacity of the REB and REL to predict the development of hepatic decompensation and insufficiency. RESULTS During the follow-up period, nine of 79 patients with Child-Pugh A disease developed hepatic decompensation. The REB was a significant predictive factor (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.40 (0.19-0.84); p = 0.016), but the REL showed no association with hepatic decompensation. Moreover, the areas under the ROC curves (AUCs) were 0.83 and 0.52 for the REB and REL, respectively. Thirty-eight of 207 patients with cirrhosis developed hepatic insufficiency. The REB was a significant predictive factor (HR = 0.24 (0.13-0.46); p < 0.0001), but the REL did not show statistically significant association with hepatic insufficiency. The AUCs were 0.82 and 0.57 for the REB and REL, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Gd-BOPTA-enhanced biliary imaging from the hepatobiliary phase was valuable in predicting hepatic decompensation and insufficiency for cirrhotic patients. KEY POINTS • Gd-BOPTA-enhanced biliary imaging was a significant predictive factor for hepatic decompensation in patients with cirrhosis. • Gd-BOPTA-enhanced biliary imaging was a significant predictive factor for hepatic insufficiency in patients with cirrhosis. • Gd-BOPTA-enhanced biliary imaging showed superior predictive values for adverse clinical outcomes compared to liver parenchymal imaging at the hepatobiliary phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong province, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong province, China
| | - Yan Sun
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Province, 324#, Jing 5 Rd, Ji'nan, 250021, Shandong Province, China
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong province, China
| | - Yao Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong province, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong province, China
| | - Yuemin Feng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong province, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong province, China
| | - Xiaoyu Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong province, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong province, China
| | - Lingyu Qi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong province, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong province, China
| | - Keke Liu
- Shandong Academy of Clinical Medicine, Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong province, China
| | - Ximing Wang
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Province, 324#, Jing 5 Rd, Ji'nan, 250021, Shandong Province, China
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong province, China
| | - Qiang Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong province, China
- Department of Gastroenterology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong province, China
| | - Xinya Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Province, 324#, Jing 5 Rd, Ji'nan, 250021, Shandong Province, China.
- Department of Radiology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, Shandong province, China.
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