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Khan AS, Peterson KA, Vittay OI, McLean MA, Kaggie JD, O’Brien JT, Rowe JB, Gallagher FA, Matys T, Wolfe S. Deuterium Metabolic Imaging of Alzheimer Disease at 3-T Magnetic Field Strength: A Pilot Case-Control Study. Radiology 2024; 312:e232407. [PMID: 39012255 PMCID: PMC11294762 DOI: 10.1148/radiol.232407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024]
Abstract
Background Impaired glucose metabolism is characteristic of several types of dementia, preceding cognitive symptoms and structural brain changes. Reduced glucose uptake in specific brain regions, detected using fluorine 18 (18F) fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET, is a valuable diagnostic marker in Alzheimer disease (AD). However, the use of 18F-FDG PET in clinical practice may be limited by equipment availability and high cost. Purpose To test the feasibility of using MRI-based deuterium (2H) metabolic imaging (DMI) at a clinical magnetic field strength (3 T) to detect and localize changes in the concentration of glucose and its metabolites in the brains of patients with a clinical diagnosis of AD. Materials and Methods Participants were recruited for this prospective case-control pilot study between March 2021 and February 2023. DMI was performed at 3 T using a custom birdcage head coil following oral administration of deuterium-labeled glucose (0.75 g/kg). Unlocalized whole-brain MR spectroscopy (MRS) and three-dimensional MR spectroscopic imaging (MRSI) (voxel size, 3.2 cm cubic) were performed. Ratios of 2H-glucose, 2H-glutamate and 2H-glutamine (2H-Glx), and 2H-lactate spectroscopic peak signals to 2H-water peak signal were calculated for the whole-brain MR spectra and for individual MRSI voxels. Results A total of 19 participants, including 10 participants with AD (mean age, 68 years ± 5 [SD]; eight males) and nine cognitively healthy control participants (mean age, 70 years ± 6; six males) were evaluated. Whole-brain spectra demonstrated a reduced ratio of 2H-Glx to 2H-glucose peak signals in participants with AD compared with control participants (0.41 ± 0.09 vs 0.58 ± 0.20, respectively; P = .04), suggesting an impairment of oxidative glucose metabolism in AD. However, there was no evidence of localization of these changes to the expected regions of metabolic impairment at MRSI, presumably due to insufficient spatial resolution. Conclusion DMI at 3 T demonstrated impairment of oxidative glucose metabolism in the brains of patients with AD but no evidence of regional signal differences. © RSNA, 2024 Supplemental material is available for this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alixander S. Khan
- From the Departments of Radiology (A.S.K., K.A.P., M.A.M., J.D.K.,
F.A.G., T.M.), Psychiatry (J.T.O.), and Clinical Neurosciences (J.B.R.),
University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, England; and
Departments of Radiology (O.I.V., F.A.G., T.M.) and Neurology (J.B.R.),
Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, England
| | - Katie A. Peterson
- From the Departments of Radiology (A.S.K., K.A.P., M.A.M., J.D.K.,
F.A.G., T.M.), Psychiatry (J.T.O.), and Clinical Neurosciences (J.B.R.),
University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, England; and
Departments of Radiology (O.I.V., F.A.G., T.M.) and Neurology (J.B.R.),
Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, England
| | - Orsolya I. Vittay
- From the Departments of Radiology (A.S.K., K.A.P., M.A.M., J.D.K.,
F.A.G., T.M.), Psychiatry (J.T.O.), and Clinical Neurosciences (J.B.R.),
University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, England; and
Departments of Radiology (O.I.V., F.A.G., T.M.) and Neurology (J.B.R.),
Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, England
| | - Mary A. McLean
- From the Departments of Radiology (A.S.K., K.A.P., M.A.M., J.D.K.,
F.A.G., T.M.), Psychiatry (J.T.O.), and Clinical Neurosciences (J.B.R.),
University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, England; and
Departments of Radiology (O.I.V., F.A.G., T.M.) and Neurology (J.B.R.),
Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, England
| | - Joshua D. Kaggie
- From the Departments of Radiology (A.S.K., K.A.P., M.A.M., J.D.K.,
F.A.G., T.M.), Psychiatry (J.T.O.), and Clinical Neurosciences (J.B.R.),
University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, England; and
Departments of Radiology (O.I.V., F.A.G., T.M.) and Neurology (J.B.R.),
Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, England
| | - John T. O’Brien
- From the Departments of Radiology (A.S.K., K.A.P., M.A.M., J.D.K.,
F.A.G., T.M.), Psychiatry (J.T.O.), and Clinical Neurosciences (J.B.R.),
University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, England; and
Departments of Radiology (O.I.V., F.A.G., T.M.) and Neurology (J.B.R.),
Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, England
| | - James B. Rowe
- From the Departments of Radiology (A.S.K., K.A.P., M.A.M., J.D.K.,
F.A.G., T.M.), Psychiatry (J.T.O.), and Clinical Neurosciences (J.B.R.),
University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, England; and
Departments of Radiology (O.I.V., F.A.G., T.M.) and Neurology (J.B.R.),
Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, England
| | - Ferdia A. Gallagher
- From the Departments of Radiology (A.S.K., K.A.P., M.A.M., J.D.K.,
F.A.G., T.M.), Psychiatry (J.T.O.), and Clinical Neurosciences (J.B.R.),
University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, England; and
Departments of Radiology (O.I.V., F.A.G., T.M.) and Neurology (J.B.R.),
Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, England
| | - Tomasz Matys
- From the Departments of Radiology (A.S.K., K.A.P., M.A.M., J.D.K.,
F.A.G., T.M.), Psychiatry (J.T.O.), and Clinical Neurosciences (J.B.R.),
University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, England; and
Departments of Radiology (O.I.V., F.A.G., T.M.) and Neurology (J.B.R.),
Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, England
| | - Shannyn Wolfe
- From the Departments of Radiology (A.S.K., K.A.P., M.A.M., J.D.K.,
F.A.G., T.M.), Psychiatry (J.T.O.), and Clinical Neurosciences (J.B.R.),
University of Cambridge, Hills Road, Cambridge CB2 0QQ, England; and
Departments of Radiology (O.I.V., F.A.G., T.M.) and Neurology (J.B.R.),
Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, England
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Pan F, Liu X, Wan J, Guo Y, Sun P, Zhang X, Wang J, Bao Q, Yang L. Advances and prospects in deuterium metabolic imaging (DMI): a systematic review of in vivo studies. Eur Radiol Exp 2024; 8:65. [PMID: 38825658 PMCID: PMC11144684 DOI: 10.1186/s41747-024-00464-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Deuterium metabolic imaging (DMI) has emerged as a promising non-invasive technique for studying metabolism in vivo. This review aims to summarize the current developments and discuss the futures in DMI technique in vivo. METHODS A systematic literature review was conducted based on the PRISMA 2020 statement by two authors. Specific technical details and potential applications of DMI in vivo were summarized, including strategies of deuterated metabolites detection, deuterium-labeled tracers and corresponding metabolic pathways in vivo, potential clinical applications, routes of tracer administration, quantitative evaluations of metabolisms, and spatial resolution. RESULTS Of the 2,248 articles initially retrieved, 34 were finally included, highlighting 2 strategies for detecting deuterated metabolites: direct and indirect DMI. Various deuterated tracers (e.g., [6,6'-2H2]glucose, [2,2,2'-2H3]acetate) were utilized in DMI to detect and quantify different metabolic pathways such as glycolysis, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and fatty acid oxidation. The quantifications (e.g., lactate level, lactate/glutamine and glutamate ratio) hold promise for diagnosing malignancies and assessing early anti-tumor treatment responses. Tracers can be administered orally, intravenously, or intraperitoneally, either through bolus administration or continuous infusion. For metabolic quantification, both serial time point methods (including kinetic analysis and calculation of area under the curves) and single time point quantifications are viable. However, insufficient spatial resolution remains a major challenge in DMI (e.g., 3.3-mL spatial resolution with 10-min acquisition at 3 T). CONCLUSIONS Enhancing spatial resolution can facilitate the clinical translation of DMI. Furthermore, optimizing tracer synthesis, administration protocols, and quantification methodologies will further enhance their clinical applicability. RELEVANCE STATEMENT Deuterium metabolic imaging, a promising non-invasive technique, is systematically discussed in this review for its current progression, limitations, and future directions in studying in vivo energetic metabolism, displaying a relevant clinical potential. KEY POINTS • Deuterium metabolic imaging (DMI) shows promise for studying in vivo energetic metabolism. • This review explores DMI's current state, limits, and future research directions comprehensively. • The clinical translation of DMI is mainly impeded by limitations in spatial resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Pan
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xinjie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Jiayu Wan
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yusheng Guo
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Peng Sun
- MSC Clinical & Technical Solutions, Philips Healthcare, Beijing, 100600, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zhang
- MSC Clinical & Technical Solutions, Philips Healthcare, Beijing, 100600, China
| | - Jiazheng Wang
- MSC Clinical & Technical Solutions, Philips Healthcare, Beijing, 100600, China
| | - Qingjia Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic and Molecular Physics, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China.
| | - Lian Yang
- Department of Radiology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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Wang D, Li H, Xu M, Bo B, Pei M, Liang Z, Thompson GJ. Differential Effect of Global Signal Regression Between Awake and Anesthetized Conditions in Mice. Brain Connect 2024; 14:48-59. [PMID: 38063007 DOI: 10.1089/brain.2023.0032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: In resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) studies, global signal regression (GSR) is a controversial preprocessing strategy. It effectively eliminates global noise driven by motion and respiration but also can introduce artifacts and remove functionally relevant metabolic information. Most preclinical rs-fMRI studies are performed in anesthetized animals, and anesthesia will alter both metabolic and neuronal activity. Methods: In this study, we explored the effect of GSR on rs-fMRI data collected under anesthetized and awake state in mice (n = 12). We measured global signal amplitude, and also functional connectivity (FC), functional connectivity density (FCD) maps, and brain modularity, all commonly used data-driven analysis methods to quantify connectivity patterns. Results: We found that global signal amplitude was similar between the awake and anesthetized states. However, GSR had a different impact on connectivity networks and brain modularity changes between states. We demonstrated that GSR had a more prominent impact on the anesthetized state, with a greater decrease in functional connectivity and increased brain modularity. We classified mice using the change in amplitude of brain modularity coefficient (ΔQ) before and after GSR processing. The results revealed that, when compared with the largest ΔQ group, the smallest ΔQ group had increased FCD in the cortex region in both the awake and anesthetized states. This suggests differences in individual mice may affect how GSR differentially affects awake versus anesthetized functional connectivity. Discussion: This study suggests that, for rs-fMRI studies which compare different physiological states, researchers should use GSR processing with caution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Wang
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Li
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengyang Xu
- iHuman Institute, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
- Center for Excellence in Molecular Cell Science, Shanghai Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Binshi Bo
- CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengchao Pei
- CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhifeng Liang
- CAS Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technology, Institute of Neuroscience, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
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