1
|
De la Cruz-Color L, Dominguez-Rosales JA, Maldonado-González M, Ruíz-Madrigal B, Sánchez Muñoz MP, Zaragoza-Guerra VA, Espinoza-Padilla VH, Ruelas-Cinco EDC, Ramírez-Meza SM, Torres Baranda JR, González-Gutiérrez MDR, Hernandez Nazara ZH. Evidence That Peripheral Leptin Resistance in Omental Adipose Tissue and Liver Correlates with MASLD in Humans. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6420. [PMID: 38928125 PMCID: PMC11203746 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Leptin regulates lipid metabolism, maximizing insulin sensitivity; however, peripheral leptin resistance is not fully understood, and its contribution to metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is unclear. This study evaluated the contribution of the leptin axis to MASLD in humans. Forty-three participants, mostly female (86.04%), who underwent cholecystectomy were biopsied. Of the participants, 24 were healthy controls, 8 had MASLD, and 11 had metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis (MASH). Clinical and biochemical data and the gene expression of leptin, leptin receptor (LEPR), suppressor of cytokine signaling 3 (SOCS3), sterol regulatory element-binding transcription factor 1 (SREBF1), stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1), and patatin-like phospholipase domain-containing protein 2 (PNPLA2), were determined from liver and adipose tissue. Higher serum leptin and LEPR levels in the omental adipose tissue (OAT) and liver with MASH were found. In the liver, LEPR was positively correlated with leptin expression in adipose tissue, and SOCS3 was correlated with SREBF1-SCD1. In OAT, SOCS3 was correlated with insulin resistance and transaminase enzymes (p < 0.05 for all. In conclusion, we evidenced the correlation between the peripheral leptin resistance axis in OAT-liver crosstalk and the complications of MASLD in humans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucia De la Cruz-Color
- Centro de Investigación en Biotecnología Microbiana y Alimentaria, División de Desarrollo Biotecnológico, Centro Universitario de la Ciénega, Universidad de Guadalajara, Ocotlán 47820, C.P., Mexico;
- Instituto de Investigación en Enfermedades Crónicas Degenerativas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, C.P., Mexico (V.H.E.-P.)
| | - Jose Alfredo Dominguez-Rosales
- Instituto de Investigación en Enfermedades Crónicas Degenerativas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, C.P., Mexico (V.H.E.-P.)
| | - Montserrat Maldonado-González
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Microbiología, Departamento de Microbiología y Patología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, C.P., Mexico; (M.M.-G.); (B.R.-M.); (J.R.T.B.)
| | - Bertha Ruíz-Madrigal
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Microbiología, Departamento de Microbiología y Patología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, C.P., Mexico; (M.M.-G.); (B.R.-M.); (J.R.T.B.)
| | - Martha P. Sánchez Muñoz
- Nuevo Hospital Civil de Guadalajara Dr. Juan I. Menchaca, Unidad de Cirugía Bariátrica y Metabólica, Guadalajara 44340, C.P., Mexico;
| | - Vianney Alejandrina Zaragoza-Guerra
- Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, Campus Guadalajara, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Zapopan 45201, C.P., Mexico; (V.A.Z.-G.); (M.d.R.G.-G.)
| | - Victor H. Espinoza-Padilla
- Instituto de Investigación en Enfermedades Crónicas Degenerativas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, C.P., Mexico (V.H.E.-P.)
| | | | - Sandra M. Ramírez-Meza
- Coordinación de la Licenciatura en Nutrición, División de Estudios de la Salud Centro Universitario de los Valles, Universidad de Guadalajara, Ameca Km. 45.5, Ameca 46600, C.P., Mexico;
| | - José R. Torres Baranda
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Microbiología, Departamento de Microbiología y Patología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, C.P., Mexico; (M.M.-G.); (B.R.-M.); (J.R.T.B.)
| | - María del R. González-Gutiérrez
- Instituto Tecnológico y de Estudios Superiores de Monterrey, Campus Guadalajara, Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud, Zapopan 45201, C.P., Mexico; (V.A.Z.-G.); (M.d.R.G.-G.)
| | - Zamira Helena Hernandez Nazara
- Instituto de Investigación en Enfermedades Crónicas Degenerativas, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, C.P., Mexico (V.H.E.-P.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Rodríguez M, Pintado C, Torrillas-de la Cal R, Moltó E, Gallardo N, Andrés A, Arribas C. Ageing alters the lipid sensing process in the hypothalamus of Wistar rats. Effect of food restriction. Nutr Neurosci 2021; 25:1509-1523. [PMID: 33544062 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2021.1872990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Lipids regulate a wide range of biological processes. The mechanisms by which fatty acids (FA) and its metabolites influence the hypothalamic regulation of energy homeostasis have been highly studied. However, the effect of ageing and food restriction (FR) on this process is unknown. METHODS Herein, we analyzed the gene expression, protein and phosphorylation levels of hypothalamic enzymes and transcription factors related to lipid metabolism. Experiments were performed in male Wistar rats of 3-, 8- and 24-month-old Wistar rats fed ad libitum (AL), as ageing model. Besides, 5- and 21-month-old rats were subjected to a moderate FR protocol (equivalent to ≈ 80% of normal food intake) for three months before the sacrifice. RESULTS Aged Wistar rats showed a situation of chronic lipid excess as a result of an increase in de novo FA synthesis and FA levels that reach the brain, contributing likely to the development of central leptin and insulin resistance. We observe a hypothalamic downregulation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD1) and an increase of carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1c (CPT1c) expression. DISCUSSION Our results suggest an impairment in the physiological lipid sensing system of aged Wistar rats, which would alter the balance of the intracellular mobilization and trafficking of lipids between the mitochondria and the Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) in the hypothalamus, leading probably to the development of neurolipotoxicity in aged rats. Lastly, FR can only partially restore this imbalance.Schematic representation of the fate of LCFA-CoA in the hypothalamus of young and old rats. Blood circulating LCFAs in young Wistar rats reach the hypothalamus, where they are esterified to LCFA-CoA. Into glial cells or neurons, LCFA-CoA are driven to mitochondria (CPT1a) or ER (CPT1c) where could be desaturated by SDC1 and, thereby, converted into structural and signaling unsaturated lipids as oleic acid, related with neuronal myelinization and differentiation. However, the excess of LCFA that reach to the hypothalamus in old animals, could generate an increase in LCFA-CoA, which together with an increase in CPT1c levels, could favor the capture of LCFA-CoA to the ER. The decrease in the levels of SCD1 in old rats would decrease FA unsaturation degree that could trigger lipotoxicity process and neurodegeneration, both related to the development of neurodegenerative diseases linked to age.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María Rodríguez
- Biochemistry Section, Faculty of Biochemistry and Environmental Sciences and Regional Centre for Biomedical Research, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain
| | - Cristina Pintado
- Biochemistry Section, Faculty of Biochemistry and Environmental Sciences and Regional Centre for Biomedical Research, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Torrillas-de la Cal
- Biochemistry Section, Faculty of Biochemistry and Environmental Sciences and Regional Centre for Biomedical Research, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain
| | - Eduardo Moltó
- Biochemistry Section, Faculty of Biochemistry and Environmental Sciences and Regional Centre for Biomedical Research, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain
| | - Nilda Gallardo
- Biochemistry Section, Faculty of Science and Chemical Technologies and Regional Centre for Biomedical Research, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Antonio Andrés
- Biochemistry Section, Faculty of Science and Chemical Technologies and Regional Centre for Biomedical Research, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Carmen Arribas
- Biochemistry Section, Faculty of Biochemistry and Environmental Sciences and Regional Centre for Biomedical Research, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Effects of Moderate Chronic Food Restriction on the Development of Postprandial Dyslipidemia with Ageing. Nutrients 2019; 11:nu11081865. [PMID: 31405194 PMCID: PMC6723802 DOI: 10.3390/nu11081865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Ageing is a major risk factor for the development of metabolic disorders linked to dyslipidemia, usually accompanied by increased adiposity. The goal of this work was to investigate whether avoiding an excessive increase in adiposity with ageing, via moderate chronic food restriction (FR), ameliorates postprandial dyslipidemia in a rat model of metabolic syndrome associated with ageing. Accordingly, we performed an oral lipid loading test (OLLT) in mature middle-aged (7 months) and middle-old-aged (24 months) Wistar rats fed ad libitum (AL) or under moderate FR for 3 months. Briefly, overnight fasted rats were orally administered a bolus of extra-virgin olive oil (1 mL/Kg of body weight) and blood samples were taken from the tail vein before fat load (t = 0) and 30, 60, 90, 120, 180, and 240 min after fat administration. Changes in serum lipids, glucose, insulin, and glucagon levels were measured at different time-points. Expression of liver and adipose tissue metabolic genes were also determined before (t = 0) and after the fat load (t = 240 min). Postprandial dyslipidemia progressively increased with ageing and this could be associated with hepatic ChREBP activity. Interestingly, moderate chronic FR reduced adiposity and avoided excessive postprandial hypertriglyceridemia in 7- and 24-month-old Wistar rats, strengthening the association between postprandial triglyceride levels and adiposity. The 24-month-old rats needed more insulin to maintain postprandial normoglycemia; nevertheless, hyperglycemia occurred at 240 min after fat administration. FR did not alter the fasted serum glucose levels but it markedly decreased glucagon excursion during the OLLT and the postprandial rise of glycemia in the 24-month-old rats, and FGF21 in the 7-month-old Wistar rats. Hence, our results pointed to an important role of FR in postprandial energy metabolism and insulin resistance in ageing. Lastly, our data support the idea that the vWAT might function as an ectopic site for fat deposition in 7-month-old and in 24-month-old Wistar rats that could increase their browning capacity in response to an acute fat load.
Collapse
|
4
|
Cernea S, Roiban AL, Both E, Huţanu A. Serum leptin and leptin resistance correlations with NAFLD in patients with type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2018; 34:e3050. [PMID: 30052309 DOI: 10.1002/dmrr.3050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2018] [Revised: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Leptin/leptin resistance has been suggested to play a role in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and therefore we investigated the correlation of leptin/leptin-receptor system with markers of hepatic steatosis (HS) and fibrosis (HF) in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). MATERIALS AND METHODS In 159 T2D subjects with disease duration of 6.0 (0.0-27.0) years, HS was evaluated by semi-quantitative ultrasonographic scores and by clinical/biochemical variables: Fatty liver index and Hepatic steatosis index. HF was evaluated by NAFLD fibrosis score (NAFLD-FS). Serum leptin and leptin receptor (sObR) concentrations were measured and leptin resistance estimated by Free Leptin Index (FLpI). Both simple and multiple correlations between the HS and HF with the three parameters of interest were examined. RESULTS Leptin levels and FLpI correlated with diabetes duration (0.25 [95%CI: 0.09-0.39] and 0.24 [95%CI: 0.08-0.39]; P < 0.01 for both). 76.1% of T2D patients had HS and 29% had HF. The univariate analysis indicated positive correlations of HS indexes with serum leptin, FLpI, and negative correlations with serum sObR (P < 0.0001 for all). In the multiple regression analysis leptin, sObR, FLpI, waist-to-hip ratio, HbA1c, lipids, and HOMA-IR correlated independently with HS (P < 0.0001 for all). Although the univariate analyses indicated weak correlations of NAFLD-FS with leptin, sObR, and FLpI, in the multiple regression analyses, only age and waist independently predicted HF. CONCLUSION In patients with T2D, HS correlated positively with serum leptin and leptin resistance, and negatively with sObR, along with variables of adiposity and metabolic control, but neither of them made a significant contribution to HF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Simona Cernea
- Department M3/Internal Medicine IV, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tîrgu Mureş, Tîrgu Mureş, Romania
- Diabetes, Nutrition, and Metabolic Diseases Outpatient Unit, Emergency County Clinical Hospital Tîrgu Mureş, Tîrgu Mureş, Romania
| | - Andrada Larisa Roiban
- Emergency County Clinical Hospital Tîrgu Mureş, Tîrgu Mureş, Romania
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tîrgu Mureș, Tîrgu Mureş, Romania
| | - Emőke Both
- Emergency County Clinical Hospital Tîrgu Mureş, Tîrgu Mureş, Romania
| | - Adina Huţanu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tîrgu Mureș, Tîrgu Mureş, Romania
- Center for Advanced Medical and Pharmaceutical Research, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Tîrgu Mureș, Tîrgu Mureş, Romania
| |
Collapse
|