1
|
Risikesan J, Heebøll S, Kumarathas I, Søndergaard E, Johansen RF, Ringgaard S, Aagaard NK, Sandahl TD, Villadsen GE, Gormsen LC, Frystyk J, Jensen MD, Grønbæk H, Nielsen S. Similar insulin regulation of splanchnic FFA and VLDL-TG in men with nonalcoholic hepatic steatosis and steatohepatitis. J Lipid Res 2024; 65:100580. [PMID: 38901559 PMCID: PMC11301221 DOI: 10.1016/j.jlr.2024.100580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine whether obese men with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) display differences between those with simple steatosis versus steatohepatitis (NASH) in splanchnic and hepatic FFA and VLDL-triglycerides (VLDL-TG) balances. The study involved 17 obese men with biopsy-proven NAFLD (9 with NASH and 8 with simple steatosis). We used hepatic vein catheterization in combination with [3H]palmitate and [14C]VLDL-TG tracers to measure splanchnic palmitate and VLDL-TG uptake and release rates during basal and hyperinsulinemic conditions. Indocyanine green was used to measure splanchnic plasma flow. Splanchnic palmitate uptake was similar in the two groups and significantly reduced during hyperinsulinemia (NASH: 62 (48-77) versus 38 (18-58) μmol/min; simple steatosis: 62 (46-78) versus 45 (25-65) μmol/min, mean (95% CI), basal versus clamp periods, respectively, P = 0.02 time-effect). Splanchnic palmitate release was also comparable between groups and nonsignificantly diminished during hyperinsulinemia. The percent palmitate delivered to the liver originating from visceral adipose tissue lipolysis was similar and unchanged by hyperinsulinemia. Splanchnic uptake and release of VLDL-TG were similar between groups. Hyperinsulinemia suppressed VLDL-TG release (P <0.05 time-effect) in both groups. Insulin-mediated glucose disposal was similar in the two groups (P = 0.54). Obese men with NASH and simple steatosis have similar splanchnic uptake and release of FFA and VLDL-TG and a similar proportion of FFA from visceral adipose tissue lipolysis delivered to the liver. These results demonstrate that the splanchnic balances of FFA and VLDL-TG do not differ between obese men with NASH and those with simple steatosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Sara Heebøll
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital (AUH), Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Endocrinology and Internal Medicine, AUH, Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Esben Søndergaard
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital (AUH), Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Rakel F Johansen
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital (AUH), Aarhus, Denmark
| | | | - Niels K Aagaard
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, AUH, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Thomas D Sandahl
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, AUH, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Gerda E Villadsen
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, AUH, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Lars C Gormsen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Centre, AUH, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jan Frystyk
- Department of Endocrinology, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | | | - Henning Grønbæk
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, AUH, Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Søren Nielsen
- Steno Diabetes Center Aarhus, Aarhus University Hospital (AUH), Aarhus, Denmark; Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Hidalgo-Lozada GM, Villarruel-López A, Nuño K, García-García A, Sánchez-Nuño YA, Ramos-García CO. Clinically Effective Molecules of Natural Origin for Obesity Prevention or Treatment. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2671. [PMID: 38473918 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence and incidence of obesity and the comorbidities linked to it are increasing worldwide. Current therapies for obesity and associated pathologies have proven to cause a broad number of adverse effects, and often, they are overpriced or not affordable for all patients. Among the alternatives currently available, natural bioactive compounds stand out. These are frequently contained in pharmaceutical presentations, nutraceutical products, supplements, or functional foods. The clinical evidence for these molecules is increasingly solid, among which epigallocatechin-3-gallate, ellagic acid, resveratrol, berberine, anthocyanins, probiotics, carotenoids, curcumin, silymarin, hydroxy citric acid, and α-lipoic acid stand out. The molecular mechanisms and signaling pathways of these molecules have been shown to interact with the endocrine, nervous, and gastroenteric systems. They can regulate the expression of multiple genes and proteins involved in starvation-satiety processes, activate the brown adipose tissue, decrease lipogenesis and inflammation, increase lipolysis, and improve insulin sensitivity. This review provides a comprehensive view of nature-based therapeutic options to address the increasing prevalence of obesity. It offers a valuable perspective for future research and subsequent clinical practice, addressing everything from the molecular, genetic, and physiological bases to the clinical study of bioactive compounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Angelica Villarruel-López
- Department of Pharmacobiology, University Center for Exact and Engineering Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44430, Mexico
| | - Karla Nuño
- Department of Psychology, Education and Health, ITESO Jesuit University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 45604, Mexico
| | - Abel García-García
- Institute of Science and Technology for Health Innovation, Guadalajara 44770, Mexico
- Department of Medical Clinic, Health Sciences University Center, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico
| | - Yaír Adonaí Sánchez-Nuño
- Department of Pharmacobiology, University Center for Exact and Engineering Sciences, University of Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44430, Mexico
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Cai X, Song S, Hu J, Zhu Q, Yang W, Hong J, Luo Q, Yao X, Li N. Body roundness index improves the predictive value of cardiovascular disease risk in hypertensive patients with obstructive sleep apnea: a cohort study. Clin Exp Hypertens 2023; 45:2259132. [PMID: 37805984 DOI: 10.1080/10641963.2023.2259132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity, especially visceral obesity, plays an important role in the progression of cardiovascular disease (CVD). The body roundness index (BRI) is a new measure of obesity that is considered to reflect visceral obesity more comprehensively than other measures. This study aims to evaluate the relationship between BRI and CVD risk in hypertensive patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and explore its superiority in predicting CVD. METHODS The Cox proportional hazards model was used to calculate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for incident CVD. The area under the curve (AUC), continuous net reclassification improvement (NRI), and integrated discrimination improvement (IDI) were used to assess which measures of obesity had the best predictive value for CVD risk. RESULTS During a median follow-up period of 6.8 years, 324 participants suffered a CVD event. After multivariable adjustment, compared with the reference group (the first tertile), the HRs (95% CI) of CVD were 1.25 (95% CI, 0.93-1.70) and 1.74 (95% CI, 1.30-2.33) for subjects in the tertile 2 and tertile 3 groups, respectively. Compared with other measurement indicators, BRI has the highest predictive value for CVD risk [AUC: 0.627, 95% CI: 0.593-0.661]. The addition of the BRI to the fully adjusted multivariate model improved the predictive power for CVD, which was validated in the continuous NRI and the IDI (all P < .05). CONCLUSIONS BRI was significantly associated with the risk of CVD in hypertensive patients with OSA. Furthermore, BRI may improve CVD risk prediction in hypertensive patients with OSA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xintian Cai
- Hypertension Center of People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Hypertension Institute, NHC Key Laboratory of Hypertension Clinical Research, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Hypertension Research Laboratory, Xinjiang Clinical Medical Research Center for Hypertension (Cardio-Cerebrovascular) Diseases, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Shuaiwei Song
- Hypertension Center of People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Hypertension Institute, NHC Key Laboratory of Hypertension Clinical Research, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Hypertension Research Laboratory, Xinjiang Clinical Medical Research Center for Hypertension (Cardio-Cerebrovascular) Diseases, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Junli Hu
- Hypertension Center of People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Hypertension Institute, NHC Key Laboratory of Hypertension Clinical Research, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Hypertension Research Laboratory, Xinjiang Clinical Medical Research Center for Hypertension (Cardio-Cerebrovascular) Diseases, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Qing Zhu
- Hypertension Center of People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Hypertension Institute, NHC Key Laboratory of Hypertension Clinical Research, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Hypertension Research Laboratory, Xinjiang Clinical Medical Research Center for Hypertension (Cardio-Cerebrovascular) Diseases, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Wenbo Yang
- Hypertension Center of People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Hypertension Institute, NHC Key Laboratory of Hypertension Clinical Research, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Hypertension Research Laboratory, Xinjiang Clinical Medical Research Center for Hypertension (Cardio-Cerebrovascular) Diseases, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Jing Hong
- Hypertension Center of People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Hypertension Institute, NHC Key Laboratory of Hypertension Clinical Research, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Hypertension Research Laboratory, Xinjiang Clinical Medical Research Center for Hypertension (Cardio-Cerebrovascular) Diseases, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Qin Luo
- Hypertension Center of People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Hypertension Institute, NHC Key Laboratory of Hypertension Clinical Research, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Hypertension Research Laboratory, Xinjiang Clinical Medical Research Center for Hypertension (Cardio-Cerebrovascular) Diseases, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Xiaoguang Yao
- Hypertension Center of People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Hypertension Institute, NHC Key Laboratory of Hypertension Clinical Research, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Hypertension Research Laboratory, Xinjiang Clinical Medical Research Center for Hypertension (Cardio-Cerebrovascular) Diseases, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Nanfang Li
- Hypertension Center of People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang Hypertension Institute, NHC Key Laboratory of Hypertension Clinical Research, Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Hypertension Research Laboratory, Xinjiang Clinical Medical Research Center for Hypertension (Cardio-Cerebrovascular) Diseases, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Wang L, Gao T, Li Y, Xie Y, Zeng S, Tai C, Feng Y, Shen P, Wang B. A long-term anti-inflammation markedly alleviated high-fat diet-induced obesity by repeated administrations of overexpressing IL10 human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:259. [PMID: 35715850 PMCID: PMC9204983 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-02935-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives Obesity is a chronic process and could activate various inflammatory responses, which in turn aggravates obesity and related metabolic syndrome. Here we explored whether long-term inhibition of inflammation could successfully alleviate high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity. Methods We constructed stable overexpressing interleukin 10 (IL10) human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (HUCMSCs) which repeatedly were applied to obesity mice with HFD feeding to obtain a long-term anti-inflammation based on the prominent anti-inflammation effects of IL10 and immunomodulatery effects of HUCMSCs. Then we monitored the features of obesity including body weight, serum ALT, AST, and lipids. In addition, glucose homeostasis was determined by glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity tests. The infiltrated macrophages in adipose tissues and hepatic lipid accumulation were detected, and the expressions of adipogenesis and inflammatory genes in adipose tissues were examined by real-time (RT) PCR and western blot analysis. Results Compared with HUCMSCs, IL10-HUCMSCs treatment had much better anti-obesity effects including body weight reduction, less hepatic lipids accumulation, lower amount and size of adipocyte, greater glucose tolerance, less systemic insulin resistance, and less adipose tissue inflammation in HFD feeding mice. Finally, IL10-HUCMSCs could decrease the activation of MAPK JNK of adipose tissue induced by HFD. The inhibition of MAPK JNK signal pathway by a small chemical molecule SP600125 in 3T3-L1 cells, a preadipocyte line, reduced the differentiation of adipocytes and lipid droplet accumulation. Conclusion A lasting anti-inflammation based on gene modified stem cell therapy is an effective strategy in preventing diet-induced obesity and obesity-related metabolic syndrome.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liudi Wang
- Clinical Stem Cell Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Tianyun Gao
- Clinical Stem Cell Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Yu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and the Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Life Science, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xie
- Clinical Stem Cell Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Sheng Zeng
- Clinical Stem Cell Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Chenxu Tai
- Clinical Stem Cell Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Yirui Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and the Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Life Science, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Pingping Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology and the Comprehensive Cancer Center, School of Life Science, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.
| | - Bin Wang
- Clinical Stem Cell Center, The Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210000, China. .,College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| |
Collapse
|