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Dobbie LJ, Coelho C, Mgaieth F, Chauhan K, Campbell S, Shuriye S, Hollington J, Appleton S, Sen Gupta P, Duncan A, McGowan B. Liraglutide 3.0 mg in the treatment of adults with obesity and prediabetes using real-world UK data: A clinical evaluation of a multi-ethnic population. Clin Obes 2024; 14:e12649. [PMID: 38438339 DOI: 10.1111/cob.12649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024]
Abstract
UK guidelines recommend liraglutide 3.0 mg in adults treated within specialist weight management services with BMI ≥35 kg/m2, prediabetes and high cardiovascular disease risk. We aimed to clinically evaluate liraglutide 3.0 mg in specialist weight management services. We evaluated liraglutide 3.0 mg in weight management services at Guys and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust. Objective body weight (BW) was measured at baseline and 4 months, allowing classification as 'responders' (≥5% BW reduction) and 'non-responders' (<5% BW reduction). One hundred and twenty-one patients were evaluated. At 4 months, 76.0% attended follow-up (82.6% responders, 17.4% non-responders); BW (-8.6 kg, 95%CI:-9.8, -7.4 kg), BMI (-3.2 kg/m2, 95%CI: -3.6, -2.8) and %-BW (-6.6%, IQR: -8.8%, -5.2%) significantly reduced. In responders, HbA1c reduced by -5.0 mmol/mol (IQR: -7.0. -4.0 mmol/mol). In responders BW continued to reduce up to 12 months (4 m: -10.2 kg, p < .0001; 6 m: -15.6 kg, p < .0001; 9 m: -16.5 kg, p < .0001; 12 m: -16.7 kg, p < .01). Those of Black African and Caribbean ethnicity experienced less BW loss than those of white ethnicity (4.12 kg, p = .017) and had a greater attrition rate. In adults with obesity and prediabetes who are treated within specialist weight management services, liraglutide 3.0 mg reduces BW and HbA1c. Those of Black African and Caribbean ethnicity experienced less BW reduction and greater attrition at 4 months. Further evaluation of the ethnic differences in response to obesity pharmacotherapy is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence J Dobbie
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Claudia Coelho
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Farah Mgaieth
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Keisha Chauhan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Scott Campbell
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Sumaya Shuriye
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Joanna Hollington
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Sarah Appleton
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Piya Sen Gupta
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Alastair Duncan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | - Barbara McGowan
- Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
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2
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Guy A, Azab AN, Liberty IF, Afawi Z, Alhoashla A, Abu Tailakh M. Adherence to liraglutide among individuals with overweight and obesity: Patient characteristics and clinical measures. Diabetes Obes Metab 2024; 26:1346-1354. [PMID: 38240127 DOI: 10.1111/dom.15436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
AIM To identify the sociodemographic, clinical and laboratory determinants relating to patient adherence to liraglutide treatment among individuals with overweight or obesity. METHODS We retrospectively analysed patients with overweight or obesity who were treated with liraglutide between 2019 and 2022. Over a 6-month follow-up period, measurements of body mass index, sociodemographic characteristics, clinical and laboratory data, and prescription records for liraglutide were collected. Treatment adherence was assessed using the proportion of days covered (PDC) measure, with a PDC ≥80% indicating high adherence. RESULTS The study population included 1890 participants (78.1% female, mean age 46 ± 12 years). At the end of the follow-up period, 84.9% of the participants exhibited low adherence to liraglutide treatment. Adherence to treatment improved with age (p = 0.04, odds ratio [OR] 1.013, confidence interval [CI] 1.001-1.025). Significant weight loss during treatment increased the likelihood of high adherence (p < 0.001, OR 1.251, CI 1.167-1.341). Individuals with a higher socioeconomic status displayed greater adherence (p = 0.023, OR 1.906, CI 1.091-3.328). Greater adherence was also seen in non-smokers (p = 0.047, OR 0.725, CI 0.528-0.996). CONCLUSIONS Only 15.1% of study participants exhibited high adherence to treatment (PDC ≥80%) after 6 months of follow-up. Further research is needed to explore approaches to enhance adherence to liraglutide, including strategies to educate and support patients in their efforts to achieve and maintain weight loss with the use of this drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Guy
- Recanati School for Community Health Professions, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev and Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Abed N Azab
- Recanati School for Community Health Professions, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev and Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Idit F Liberty
- Diabetes Clinic, Soroka University Medical Center and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Zaid Afawi
- Clalit Health Service, Southern District and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Ali Alhoashla
- Clalit Health Service, Southern District and Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - Muhammad Abu Tailakh
- Recanati School for Community Health Professions, Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev and Soroka University Medical Center, Beer-Sheva, Israel
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Henderson K, Lewis, Sloan CE, Bessesen DH, Arterburn D. Effectiveness and safety of drugs for obesity. BMJ 2024; 384:e072686. [PMID: 38527759 DOI: 10.1136/bmj-2022-072686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/27/2024]
Abstract
Recent publicity around the use of new antiobesity medications (AOMs) has focused the attention of patients and healthcare providers on the role of pharmacotherapy in the treatment of obesity. Newer drug treatments have shown greater efficacy and safety compared with older drug treatments, yet access to these drug treatments is limited by providers' discomfort in prescribing, bias, and stigma around obesity, as well as by the lack of insurance coverage. Now more than ever, healthcare providers must be able to discuss the risks and benefits of the full range of antiobesity medications available to patients, and to incorporate both guideline based advice and emerging real world clinical evidence into daily clinical practice. The tremendous variability in response to antiobesity medications means that clinicians need to use a flexible approach that takes advantage of specific features of the antiobesity medication selected to provide the best option for individual patients. Future research is needed on how best to use available drug treatments in real world practice settings, the potential role of combination therapies, and the cost effectiveness of antiobesity medications. Several new drug treatments are being evaluated in ongoing clinical trials, suggesting that the future for pharmacotherapy of obesity is bright.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lewis
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Caroline E Sloan
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Department of Population Health Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
- Margolis Center for Health Policy, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Daniel H Bessesen
- Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - David Arterburn
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Health Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA
- Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
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Gasoyan H, Pfoh ER, Schulte R, Le P, Rothberg MB. Early- and later-stage persistence with antiobesity medications: A retrospective cohort study. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2024; 32:486-493. [PMID: 38053443 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Revised: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The study's objective was to examine the percentage of patients with an initial antiobesity medication (AOM) fill who were persistent with AOM at 3, 6, and 12 months and to characterize factors associated with persistence at 12 months. METHODS This retrospective cohort study used electronic health records from January 2015 to July 2023 in a large health system in Ohio and Florida and included adults with BMI ≥30 kg/m2 who had an initial AOM prescription filled between 2015 and 2022. RESULTS The authors identified 1911 patients with a median baseline BMI of 38 (IQR, 34-44). Over time, 44% were persistent with AOM at 3 months, 33% at 6 months, and 19% at 12 months. Across categories of AOM, the highest 1-year persistence was in patients receiving semaglutide (40%). Semaglutide (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 4.26, 95% CI: 3.04-6.05) was associated with higher odds of 1-year persistence, and naltrexone-bupropion (AOR = 0.68, 95% CI: 0.46-1.00) was associated with lower odds, compared with phentermine-topiramate. Among patients who were persistent at 6 months, a 1% increase in weight loss at 6 months was associated with 6% increased odds of persistence at year 1 (AOR = 1.06, 95% CI: 1.03-1.09). CONCLUSIONS Later-stage persistence with AOM varies considerably based on the drug and the weight loss at 6 months.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamlet Gasoyan
- Center for Value-Based Care Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Primary Care Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Elizabeth R Pfoh
- Center for Value-Based Care Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Primary Care Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Rebecca Schulte
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Phuc Le
- Center for Value-Based Care Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Primary Care Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Michael B Rothberg
- Center for Value-Based Care Research, Department of Internal Medicine and Geriatrics, Primary Care Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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5
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Vilarrasa E, Nicolau J, de la Cueva P, Goday A, Gallardo F, Martorell-Calatayud A, Carrascosa JM. [Translated article] Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Agonists for Treating Obesity in Patients With Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2024; 115:T56-T65. [PMID: 37918631 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2023.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis and hidradenitis suppurativa are often associated with obesity. Because chronic low-grade inflammation underlies these 2 diseases, they can progress to more severe forms in patients with obesity if weight-reduction measures are not taken. This review covers pharmacologic alternatives for treating obesity, with emphasis on the benefits associated with the novel use of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonists that act on satiety receptors. These drugs have led to greater weight loss in clinical trials and real-world settings than orlistat, which until recently was the only drug approved for treating obesity in the European Union. Although experience with GLP-1 agonists in patients with obesity and inflammatory skin diseases is currently scarce, the promising results reported suggest they may offer a useful tool for managing obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Vilarrasa
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J Nicolau
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario Son Llàtzer, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears (IdISBa), Clínica Rotger (Grupo Quirón), Palma de Mallorca, Baleares, Spain
| | - P de la Cueva
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, Comunidad de Madrid, Spain
| | - A Goday
- Departamento de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona; Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital del Mar, IMIM Institut Mar d'Investigacions Mediques, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona; CIBEROBN, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain
| | - F Gallardo
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - J M Carrascosa
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Spain
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Vilarrasa E, Nicolau J, de la Cueva P, Goday A, Gallardo F, Martorell A, Carrascosa JM. Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Agonists for Treating Obesity in Patients With Immune-Mediated Skin Diseases. ACTAS DERMO-SIFILIOGRAFICAS 2024; 115:56-65. [PMID: 37451337 DOI: 10.1016/j.ad.2023.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis and hidradenitis suppurativa are often associated with obesity. Because chronic low-grade inflammation underlies these 2 diseases, they can progress to more severe forms in patients with obesity if weight-reduction measures are not taken. This review covers pharmacologic alternatives for treating obesity, with emphasis on the benefits associated with the novel use of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) agonists that act on satiety receptors. These drugs have led to greater weight loss in clinical trials and real-world settings than orlistat, which until recently was the only drug approved for treating obesity in the European Union. Although experience with GLP-1 agonists in patients with obesity and inflammatory skin diseases is currently scarce, the promising results reported suggest they may offer a useful tool for managing obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Vilarrasa
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Barcelona, España
| | - J Nicolau
- Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario Son Llàtzer, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Illes Balears (IdISBa), Clínica Rotger (Grupo Quirón), Palma de Mallorca, Baleares, España
| | - P de la Cueva
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, Comunidad de Madrid, España
| | - A Goday
- Departamento de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona; Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital del Mar, IMIM Institut Mar d'Investigacions Mediques, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona; CIBEROBN, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, España
| | - F Gallardo
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, Barcelona, España
| | - A Martorell
- Servicio de Dermatología y Venereología, Hospital de Manises, Valencia, España.
| | - J M Carrascosa
- Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, España
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Webster CM, Mittal N, Dhurandhar EJ, Dhurandhar NV. Potential contributors to variation in weight-loss response to liraglutide. Obes Rev 2023:e13568. [PMID: 37069131 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2022] [Revised: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
Abstract
Obesity treatment requires a chronic state of negative energy balance. Obesity medications can help with this, increasing long-term dietary compliance by promoting satiety or reducing hunger. However, efficacy and safety of obesity medications vary for individuals. Early identification of non-responders to obesity medications may limit drug exposure while optimizing benefits for responders. This review summarizes factors that impact weight-loss response to liraglutide. Factors linked to greater weight loss on liraglutide include being female, not having diabetes, having relatively high baseline weight, and losing at least 4% of initial weight after 16 weeks of treatment. Other covariates that may predict treatment response but require further confirmation include central effects, nausea, gastric emptying of solids, and genotype. Baseline body mass index, race, and age seem less relevant for predicting weight-loss response to liraglutide. Lesser known and harder-to-measure factors such as cerebral blood flow, food cue reactivity, gut hormone levels, and dietary adherence possibly impact variability of response to liraglutide. This information should assist healthcare providers with establishing realistic weight-loss probability for individual patients. Future research should improve the ability to identify responders to liraglutide. Importantly, this review may provide a framework to identify responders to other obesity medications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chelsi M Webster
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | - Neha Mittal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, USA
| | | | - Nikhil V Dhurandhar
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Texas Tech University, Lubbock, Texas, USA
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Lyu B, Grams ME, Inker LA, Chang AR, Selvin E, Shin J. Weight changes following antidiabetic mediation use: Real-world evidence from health system data. Obes Sci Pract 2022; 8:657-669. [PMID: 36238229 PMCID: PMC9535667 DOI: 10.1002/osp4.600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Newer antidiabetic medications such as sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP1RA) result in weight loss in clinical trials. However, the real-world effectiveness remains unclear. The magnitude of weight change associated with antidiabetic medication using real-world data was examined. Methods Patients with diabetes who initiated SGLT2i (n = 906), GLP1RA (n = 782), dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP4i, n = 1881), or sulfonylureas (n = 3255) in Geisinger Health System were identified. Outcomes were percent weight change per year and time to 5% weight loss. Propensity scores were used to account for differences across groups. Results The mean ± SD age of patients was 57.5 ± 14.1 years, 3381 (49.5%) were female, and 6450 (94.5%) had body mass index ≥25 kg/m2. Compared with sulfonylureas, newer antidiabetic medications were associated with significant weight loss (-3.2% [95% confidence interval: -3.8%, -2.6%] per year for SGLT2i; -2.9% [-3.6%, -2.3%] per year for GLP1RA; and -1.7% [-2.1%, -1.3%] per year for DPP4i). SGLT2i and GLP1RA were also associated with significant weight loss compared with DPP4i. Among patients with overweight or obesity, SGLT2i and GLP1RA users were more likely to achieve 5% weight loss compared with sulfonylureas and DPP4i. Conclusions In real-world practice, SGLT2i and GLP1RA were associated with significant weight loss compared with sulfonylureas and DPP4i. These results may further motivate uptake of SGLT2i and GLP1RA, especially among patients who were overweight or had obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beini Lyu
- Department of EpidemiologyJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Morgan E. Grams
- Department of EpidemiologyJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Department of MedicineJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Center for Drug Safety and EffectivenessJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Welch Center for PreventionEpidemiology and Clinical ResearchJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Lesley A. Inker
- Division of NephrologyTufts Medical CenterBostonMassachusettsUSA
| | - Alex R. Chang
- Kidney Health Research InstituteGeisinger Health SystemDanvillePennsylvaniaUSA
| | - Elizabeth Selvin
- Department of EpidemiologyJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Department of MedicineJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMarylandUSA
| | - Jung‐Im Shin
- Department of EpidemiologyJohns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public HealthBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Center for Drug Safety and EffectivenessJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
- Welch Center for PreventionEpidemiology and Clinical ResearchJohns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMarylandUSA
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Wharton S, Davies M, Dicker D, Lingvay I, Mosenzon O, Rubino DM, Pedersen SD. Managing the gastrointestinal side effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists in obesity: recommendations for clinical practice. Postgrad Med 2021; 134:14-19. [PMID: 34775881 DOI: 10.1080/00325481.2021.2002616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) are well established in clinical practice for the treatment of type 2 diabetes, and are approved and recommended for weight management in overweight or obesity. Gastrointestinal side effects are well known as the most common adverse effects of these agents and represent a potential barrier for use, particularly at higher doses. Drawing on both published evidence and our collective clinical experience, we aim to guide practitioners through managing these side effects with a view to optimizing therapeutic outcomes with GLP-1RAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sean Wharton
- York University, McMaster University and Wharton Weight Management Clinic, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Melanie Davies
- Diabetes Research Centre, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.,NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Leicester, UK
| | - Dror Dicker
- Internal Medicine Department & Obesity Clinic, Hasharon Hospital-Rabin Medical Center, Petach-Tikva, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ildiko Lingvay
- Departments of Internal Medicine/Endocrinology and Population and Data Sciences, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ofri Mosenzon
- DiabetesUnit, Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hadassah Medical Center; Faculty of Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Domenica M Rubino
- Washington Center for Weight Management and Research, Arlington, VA, USA
| | - Sue D Pedersen
- C-ENDO Diabetes & Endocrinology Clinic Calgary, Calgary, AB, Canada
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Patel D, Smith A. Patient initiation and maintenance of GLP-1 RAs for treatment of obesity. Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2021; 14:1193-1204. [PMID: 34231442 DOI: 10.1080/17512433.2021.1947796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Healthcare providers (HCPs) see many patients with obesity-related complications and are therefore well placed to help treat obesity itself. However, limited collated information exists to help HCPs with the practical use of anti-obesity medications (AOMs). We focus on the initiation and maintenance of a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) for weight management, liraglutide 3.0 mg. Literature search was conducted between 25-28 November 2019 on PubMed and ClinicalTrials.gov.Areas covered: Clinical trial and real-world data describing weight-loss efficacy, cardiometabolic risk factors, incidence of adverse events (AEs), and persistence are presented to assist HCPs with patient discussions. Practical considerations to overcome barriers to optimal use are provided, equipping HCPs with the information required to aid with adherence to and persistence with AOMs. The use of other GLP-1- RA therapies in obesity is discussed in light of the recent US Food and Drug Administration approval of semaglutide 2.4 mg for weight management.Expert opinion: Liraglutide 3.0 mg provides benefits regarding weight loss and improvements in cardiometabolic risk factors. Promising areas of future research in the field of obesity include dual receptor agonists and the combination of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists with other molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhiren Patel
- School of Pharmacy, Pharmacy Practice, MCPHS University, Jamaica Plain, Boston, MA, USA.,Endocrine Department, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA, USA
| | - April Smith
- School of Pharamacy and Health Professions, Creighton University, Omaha, NE, USA.,Weight Management Bariatric Center, CHI Immanuel Medical Center, Bariatric & General Surgery, Omaha, NE, USA
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11
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Acosta A, Camilleri M, Abu Dayyeh B, Calderon G, Gonzalez D, McRae A, Rossini W, Singh S, Burton D, Clark MM. Selection of Antiobesity Medications Based on Phenotypes Enhances Weight Loss: A Pragmatic Trial in an Obesity Clinic. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2021; 29:662-671. [PMID: 33759389 PMCID: PMC8168710 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Little is known about the predictors of response to obesity interventions. METHODS In 450 participants with obesity, body composition, resting energy expenditure, satiety, satiation, eating behavior, affect, and physical activity were measured by validated studies and questionnaires. These variables were used to classify obesity phenotypes. Subsequently, in a 12-month, pragmatic, real-world trial performed in a weight management center, 312 patients were randomly assigned to phenotype-guided treatment or non-phenotype-guided treatment with antiobesity medications: phentermine, phentermine/topiramate, bupropion/naltrexone, lorcaserin, and liraglutide. The primary outcome was weight loss at 12 months. RESULTS Four phenotypes of obesity were identified in 383 of 450 participants (85%): hungry brain (abnormal satiation), emotional hunger (hedonic eating), hungry gut (abnormal satiety), and slow burn (decreased metabolic rate). In 15% of participants, no phenotype was identified. Two or more phenotypes were identified in 27% of patients. In the pragmatic clinical trial, the phenotype-guided approach was associated with 1.75-fold greater weight loss after 12 months with mean weight loss of 15.9% compared with 9.0% in the non-phenotype-guided group (difference -6.9% [95% CI -9.4% to -4.5%], P < 0.001), and the proportion of patients who lost >10% at 12 months was 79% in the phenotype-guided group compared with 34% with non-phenotype-guided treatment group. CONCLUSIONS Biological and behavioral phenotypes elucidate human obesity heterogeneity and can be targeted pharmacologically to enhance weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andres Acosta
- Precision Medicine for Obesity ProgramDivision of Gastroenterology and HepatologyDepartment of MedicineMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | - Michael Camilleri
- Precision Medicine for Obesity ProgramDivision of Gastroenterology and HepatologyDepartment of MedicineMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | - Barham Abu Dayyeh
- Precision Medicine for Obesity ProgramDivision of Gastroenterology and HepatologyDepartment of MedicineMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | - Gerardo Calderon
- Precision Medicine for Obesity ProgramDivision of Gastroenterology and HepatologyDepartment of MedicineMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | - Daniel Gonzalez
- Precision Medicine for Obesity ProgramDivision of Gastroenterology and HepatologyDepartment of MedicineMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | - Alison McRae
- Precision Medicine for Obesity ProgramDivision of Gastroenterology and HepatologyDepartment of MedicineMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | - William Rossini
- Precision Medicine for Obesity ProgramDivision of Gastroenterology and HepatologyDepartment of MedicineMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | - Sneha Singh
- Precision Medicine for Obesity ProgramDivision of Gastroenterology and HepatologyDepartment of MedicineMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | - Duane Burton
- Precision Medicine for Obesity ProgramDivision of Gastroenterology and HepatologyDepartment of MedicineMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
| | - Matthew M. Clark
- Department of Psychology and PsychiatryMayo ClinicRochesterMinnesotaUSA
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Haase CL, Serratore Achenbach MG, Lucrezi G, Jeswani N, Maurer S, Egermann U. Use of Liraglutide 3.0 mg for Weight Management in a Real-World Setting in Switzerland. Obes Facts 2021; 14:568-576. [PMID: 34515194 PMCID: PMC8546436 DOI: 10.1159/000518325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Data from randomized controlled trials show that liraglutide 3.0 mg, in combination with diet and exercise, is associated with greater weight loss than diet and exercise alone in patients with obesity. In practice, the utilization of weight loss drugs is influenced by various factors, including the cost of treatment. We conducted a retrospective, observational study to assess the effectiveness of liraglutide 3.0 mg and patients' persistence on treatment, in a real-world setting. METHODS Data were extracted from de-identified electronic medical records from an obesity management clinic in Switzerland. Changes in body weight and blood pressure were evaluated in the full cohort (N = 277, 19% of whom had undergone bariatric surgery) and subgroups who were persistent on liraglutide 3.0 mg for at least 4 months (n = 236), 7 months (n = 159), or 12 months (n = 71). RESULTS Median persistence on liraglutide was 6.8 months. Median maximum dose received was 1.5 mg, and 13.7% of patients reached the maintenance dose of 3.0 mg. Mean 7-month weight change from baseline in the full cohort was -4.1 kg (95% confidence interval: -5.0, -3.2; p < 0.001; -4.2%). Weight change was -4.4 kg (-4.7%) in the ≥4-month persistence subgroup at 4 months, -5.1 kg (-5.3%) in the ≥7-month persistence subgroup at 7 months, and -7.5 kg (-7.1%) in the ≥12-month persistence subgroup at 12 months (all p < 0.001). In the full cohort, 40% and 14% of patients lost ≥5% and >10% of body weight at 7 months, respectively. Weight loss did not differ significantly according to history of bariatric surgery (p = 0.94). Diastolic blood pressure decreased (from 87.0 to 83.9 mm Hg at 7 months; p = 0.018), with no significant changes in systolic blood pressure. Approximately two-thirds of patients did not have health insurance that could cover the cost of liraglutide. CONCLUSION In a real-world setting with low insurance coverage and with most patients not reaching the recommended maintenance dose of 3.0 mg, the use of liraglutide, in combination with diet and exercise, was associated with clinically meaningful weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Susanne Maurer
- Adimed Zentrum für Adipositas und Stoffwechselmedizin, Winterthur, Switzerland
| | - Ulrich Egermann
- Adimed Zentrum für Adipositas und Stoffwechselmedizin, Winterthur, Switzerland
- *Ulrich Egermann,
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Wharton S, Haase CL, Kamran E, Liu A, Mancini J, Neish D, Pakseresht A, Power GS, Christensen RAG. Weight loss and persistence with liraglutide 3.0 mg by obesity class in the real-world effectiveness study in Canada. Obes Sci Pract 2020; 6:439-444. [PMID: 32874678 PMCID: PMC7448201 DOI: 10.1002/osp4.420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Liraglutide 3.0 mg is associated with clinically significant weight loss in clinical trials, but real-world data are lacking. In this analysis, weight loss and persistence outcomes with liraglutide 3.0 mg were assessed across obesity classes, in a real-world clinical setting. METHODS Secondary analysis of an observational, retrospective study of liraglutide 3.0 mg for weight management (as adjunct to diet and exercise) at six Wharton Medical Clinics in Canada. Patients were categorized by body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) into obesity class I (BMI 30-34.9); class II (BMI 35-39.9); and class III (BMI ≥40). Change in weight, categorical weight loss, time to maintenance dose (defined as the time to reach the full liraglutide 3.0 mg maintenance dose) and persistence were assessed for each class and for differences between classes. RESULTS Of 308 patients, 70 (22.7%) had obesity class I, 83 (26.9%) obesity class II and 155 (50.3%) obesity class III. Similar percentage change in weight was observed between obesity classes (mean [standard deviation, SD]: -7.0% [6.0], -6.6% [6.0] and -6.1% [5.0], respectively; p = .640), and similar proportions achieved ≥5% weight loss (60.4%, 62.0% and 55.3%, respectively; p = .717) at 6 months. Mean time to maintenance dose (SD) was 64.2 (56.4) d, 76.4 (56.3) d and 71.4 (54.5) d for obesity classes I, II and III, respectively (p = .509). Persistence with medication was also similar between obesity classes (p = .358). CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that real-world treatment with liraglutide 3.0 mg, regardless of obesity class, is associated with similar clinically significant weight loss, time to maintenance dose and medication persistence.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Aiden Liu
- Novo Nordisk Canada Inc.MississaugaOntarioCanada
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Wharton S, Liu A, Pakseresht A, Nørtoft E, Haase CL, Mancini J, Power GS, Vanderlelie S, Christensen RAG. Response to "Liraglutide Effectiveness: Is There a Real-World Clinical Benefit?". Obesity (Silver Spring) 2019; 27:1728. [PMID: 31545003 DOI: 10.1002/oby.22630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sean Wharton
- Wharton Medical Clinic, Burlington, Ontario, Canada
| | - Aiden Liu
- Novo Nordisk Canada Inc., Mississauga, Ontario, Canada
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