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1
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Kong Q, Li L, Zhang M, Chai H, Li W, Zhu F, Zhang J. Improving the Thermal Stability and Flame Retardancy of Epoxy Resins by Lamellar Cobalt Potassium Pyrophosphate. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14224927. [PMID: 36433055 PMCID: PMC9692345 DOI: 10.3390/polym14224927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
In order to improve the fire retardancy of epoxy resin (EP), lamellar cobalt potassium pyrophosphate (LCPP) nanocrystal whiskers with a length of 100-300 nm were designed and synthesized by a liquid technique. LCPP with high thermal stability was blended into EP to prepare the EP/LCPP composites. The results show that the EP/LCPP composites have higher thermal stability and produce more residues compared to pure EP. The combustion results display that the LOI value of the EP/10wt%LCPP composites was significantly improved to 35.9%, and the EP/6wt%LCPP composite can reach a UL-94 V-1 rating. Additionally, the peak heat release rate and peak smoke production rate of the EP/10wt%LCPP composites dramatically decreased by 43.8% and 48.5%, respectively. The improved flame retardancy and smoke suppression are mainly attributed to the inherent physical barrier of LCPP and the excellent catalytic carbonization ability of LCPP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinghong Kong
- School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Lan Li
- School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Manman Zhang
- School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Huiyu Chai
- School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Weixi Li
- School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Fang Zhu
- School of Emergency Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Junhao Zhang
- School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212013, China
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2
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Shi C, Qian X, Jing J. Phosphorylated cellulose/Fe
3+
complex: A novel flame retardant for epoxy resins. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Congling Shi
- Beijing Key Lab of MFPTS China Academy of Safety Science and Technology Beijing China
| | - Xiaodong Qian
- Beijing Key Lab of MFPTS China Academy of Safety Science and Technology Beijing China
| | - Jingyun Jing
- Beijing Key Lab of MFPTS China Academy of Safety Science and Technology Beijing China
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3
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Chen X, Lai Y, Gu Y, Jiao C, Li S. Effect of Functionalized Carbon Microspheres Combined with Ammonium Polyphosphate on Fire Safety Performance of Thermoplastic Polyurethane. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:6051-6061. [PMID: 32226887 PMCID: PMC7098011 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b04462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this article, carbon microspheres (CMSs) synthesized by the hydrothermal method and CMSs-Fe (with Fe3+ adsorbed on the surface of CMSs) were combined with ammonium polyphosphate (APP) to achieve the fire safety improvement of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU). The fire safety performance of TPU composites was investigated by the cone calorimeter test, microscale combustion calorimeter test, thermogravimetric analysis/infrared spectrometry, Raman spectrometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that CMSs and CMSs-Fe can improve the fire safety performance of TPU/APP composites and the effect of CMSs-Fe was better than that of CMSs. The peak heat release rate of the sample containing 0.25 wt % CMSs and 7.75 wt % APP was 16.7% lower than that of the sample containing 8.00 wt % APP, and the content of toxic gases was also reduced in the fire smoke. Also, total heat release and total smoke release of the sample containing CMSs-Fe were 54.7% and 11.6%, respectively, lower than those of the sample containing 0.25% CMSs. It confirmed the contribution of CMSs to the flame retardant system, and the performance of CMSs is improved by adsorbing Fe3+.
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4
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Lu L, Guo N, Qian X, Yang S, Wang X, Jin J, Shao G. Thermal degradation and combustion behavior of intumescent flame-retardant polypropylene with novel phosphorus-based flame retardants. J Appl Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/app.45962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lingang Lu
- Chinese People's Armed Police Force Academy, Xichang Road 220; Langfang City Hebei Province 065000 People's Republic of China
| | - Nan Guo
- Chinese People's Armed Police Force Academy, Xichang Road 220; Langfang City Hebei Province 065000 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaodong Qian
- Chinese People's Armed Police Force Academy, Xichang Road 220; Langfang City Hebei Province 065000 People's Republic of China
| | - Shousheng Yang
- Chinese People's Armed Police Force Academy, Xichang Road 220; Langfang City Hebei Province 065000 People's Republic of China
| | - Xuebao Wang
- Chinese People's Armed Police Force Academy, Xichang Road 220; Langfang City Hebei Province 065000 People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Jin
- Chinese People's Armed Police Force Academy, Xichang Road 220; Langfang City Hebei Province 065000 People's Republic of China
| | - Gaosong Shao
- Chinese People's Armed Police Force Academy, Xichang Road 220; Langfang City Hebei Province 065000 People's Republic of China
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Yuan B, Fan A, Yang M, Chen X, Hu Y, Bao C, Jiang S, Niu Y, Zhang Y, He S, Dai H. The effects of graphene on the flammability and fire behavior of intumescent flame retardant polypropylene composites at different flame scenarios. Polym Degrad Stab 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2017.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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6
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Xu L, Lei C, Xu R, Zhang X, Zhang F. Synergistic effect on flame retardancy and thermal behavior of polycarbonate filled with α-zirconium phosphate@gel-silica. J Appl Polym Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/app.44829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lingfeng Xu
- Department of Polymer Materials; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology; Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
| | - Caihong Lei
- Department of Polymer Materials; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology; Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
| | - Ruijie Xu
- Department of Polymer Materials; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology; Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqing Zhang
- Department of Polymer Materials; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Functional Soft Condensed Matter, School of Materials and Energy, Guangdong University of Technology; Guangzhou 510006 People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Zhang
- Department of Research and Development; Kingfa Science and Technology Company, Limited; Guangzhou 510520 People's Republic of China
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7
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Hassan M, Nour M, Abdelmonem Y, Makhlouf G, Abdelkhalik A. Synergistic effect of chitosan-based flame retardant and modified clay on the flammability properties of LLDPE. Polym Degrad Stab 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2016.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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8
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Influence of ferric phosphate on smoke suppression properties and combustion behavior of intumescent flame retardant epoxy composites. IRANIAN POLYMER JOURNAL 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13726-015-0327-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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9
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Flame-retardant mechanism of a novel polymeric intumescent flame retardant containing caged bicyclic phosphate for polypropylene. Polym Degrad Stab 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2015.01.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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10
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11
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Lai X, Zeng X, Li H, Zhang H. Effect of Polyborosiloxane on the Flame Retardancy and Thermal Degradation of Intumescent Flame Retardant Polypropylene. J MACROMOL SCI B 2014. [DOI: 10.1080/00222348.2013.839319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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12
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Zhou K, Jiang S, Wang B, Shi Y, Liu J, Hong N, Hu Y, Gui Z. Combined effect of transition metal phosphide (MxPy, M = Ni, Co, and Cu) and intumescent flame retardant system on polypropylene. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.3273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keqing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science; University of Science and Technology of China; Jinzhai Road 96 Hefei Anhui 230027 PR China
| | - Saihua Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science; University of Science and Technology of China; Jinzhai Road 96 Hefei Anhui 230027 PR China
| | - Bibo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science; University of Science and Technology of China; Jinzhai Road 96 Hefei Anhui 230027 PR China
| | - Yongqian Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science; University of Science and Technology of China; Jinzhai Road 96 Hefei Anhui 230027 PR China
| | - Jiajia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science; University of Science and Technology of China; Jinzhai Road 96 Hefei Anhui 230027 PR China
| | - Ningning Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science; University of Science and Technology of China; Jinzhai Road 96 Hefei Anhui 230027 PR China
| | - Yuan Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science; University of Science and Technology of China; Jinzhai Road 96 Hefei Anhui 230027 PR China
| | - Zhou Gui
- State Key Laboratory of Fire Science; University of Science and Technology of China; Jinzhai Road 96 Hefei Anhui 230027 PR China
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13
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Liang JZ, Li FJ, Feng JQ. Mechanical properties and morphology of intumescent flame retardant filled polypropylene composites. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.3262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Zhao Liang
- Research Division of Green Function Materials and Equipment, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 P.R. China
| | - Feng-Jiao Li
- Research Division of Green Function Materials and Equipment, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 P.R. China
| | - Jin-Qing Feng
- Research Division of Green Function Materials and Equipment, School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineering; South China University of Technology; Guangzhou 510640 P.R. China
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14
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Cain AA, Nolen CR, Li YC, Davis R, Grunlan JC. Phosphorous-filled nanobrick wall multilayer thin film eliminates polyurethane melt dripping and reduces heat release associated with fire. Polym Degrad Stab 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2013.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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15
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SYNTHESIS AND APPLICATION OF PHOSPHORUS FLAME RETARDANT HDP ABS COMPOSITES. ACTA POLYM SIN 2013. [DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1105.2013.12185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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16
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Ding L, Song R, Li B. An easy-to-obtain silicone-containing flame retardant and its effects on the combustion of polycarbonate. J Appl Polym Sci 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/app.36873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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