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Fierascu RC, Lungulescu EM, Fierascu I, Stan MS, Voinea IC, Dumitrescu SI. Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticle Incorporation in Polyurethane Foams: A Solution for Future Antimicrobial Materials? Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4570. [PMID: 38231979 PMCID: PMC10708408 DOI: 10.3390/polym15234570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
With the technological developments witnessed in recent decades, nanotechnology and nanomaterials have found uses in several common applications and products we encounter daily. On the other hand, polyurethane (PU) foams represent an extremely versatile material, being widely recognized for their extensive application possibilities and possessing a multitude of fundamental attributes that enhance their broad usability across various application fields. By combining the versatility of PU with the antimicrobial properties of nanoparticles, this emerging field holds promise for addressing the urgent need for effective antimicrobial materials in various applications. In this comprehensive review, we explore the synthesis methods, properties and applications of these nanocomposite materials, shedding light on their potential role in safeguarding public health and environmental sustainability. The main focus is on PU foams containing metal and metal oxide nanoparticles, but a brief presentation of the progress documented in the last few years regarding other antimicrobial nanomaterials incorporated into such foams is also given within this review in order to obtain a larger image of the possibilities to develop improved PU foams.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radu Claudiu Fierascu
- National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry ICECHIM, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (R.C.F.); (I.F.)
| | - Eduard-Marius Lungulescu
- National Institute for Research and Development in Electrical Engineering ICPE-CA, 313 Splaiul Unirii, 030138 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Irina Fierascu
- National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry ICECHIM, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (R.C.F.); (I.F.)
- Faculty of Horticulture, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, 59 Marasti Bvd., 011464 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Miruna S. Stan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91-95 Splaiul Independentei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania; (M.S.S.); (I.C.V.)
| | - Ionela C. Voinea
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, 91-95 Splaiul Independentei, 050095 Bucharest, Romania; (M.S.S.); (I.C.V.)
| | - Silviu Ionel Dumitrescu
- Central Emergency University Military Hospital, 013058 Bucharest, Romania;
- Medical-Surgical Department, Faculty of Medicine, Titu Maiorescu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 031593 Bucharest, Romania
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2
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Wang J, Dai D, Xie H, Li D, Xiong G, Zhang C. Biological Effects, Applications and Design Strategies of Medical Polyurethanes Modified by Nanomaterials. Int J Nanomedicine 2022; 17:6791-6819. [PMID: 36600880 PMCID: PMC9807071 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s393207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyurethane (PU) has wide application and popularity as medical apparatus due to its unique structural properties relationship. However, there are still some problems with medical PUs, such as a lack of functionality, insufficient long-term implantation safety, undesired stability, etc. With the rapid development of nanotechnology, the nanomodification of medical PU provides new solutions to these clinical problems. The introduction of nanomaterials could optimize the biocompatibility, antibacterial effect, mechanical strength, and degradation of PUs via blending or surface modification, therefore expanding the application range of medical PUs. This review summarizes the current applications of nano-modified medical PUs in diverse fields. Furthermore, the underlying mechanisms in efficiency optimization are analyzed in terms of the enhanced biological and mechanical properties critical for medical use. We also conclude the preparation schemes and related parameters of nano-modified medical PUs, with discussions about the limitations and prospects. This review indicates the current status of nano-modified medical PUs and contributes to inspiring novel and appropriate designing of PUs for desired clinical requirements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianrong Wang
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, People’s Republic of China
| | - Danni Dai
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hanshu Xie
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dan Li
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, People’s Republic of China
| | - Gege Xiong
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chao Zhang
- Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Chao Zhang, Email
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3
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Zhang F, Huang W, Zhang L, Liu X, Muhammad Y. Preparation and properties evaluation of shape memory epoxy asphalt composites with high toughness and damping. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.53117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fenglei Zhang
- Intelligent Transportation System Research Center Southeast University Nanjing China
| | - Wei Huang
- Intelligent Transportation System Research Center Southeast University Nanjing China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Intelligent Transportation System Research Center Southeast University Nanjing China
| | - Xiaodong Liu
- Intelligent Transportation System Research Center Southeast University Nanjing China
- China Communications Highway Planning and Design Institute Co., Ltd. Beijing China
| | - Yaseen Muhammad
- Institute of Chemical Sciences University of Peshawar Peshawar Pakistan
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Improving the radiopacity of Fe–Mn biodegradable metals by magnetron-sputtered W–Fe–Mn–C coatings: Application for thinner stents. Bioact Mater 2022; 12:64-70. [PMID: 35087963 PMCID: PMC8777240 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2020] [Revised: 05/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In this exploratory work, micrometric radiopaque W–Fe–Mn–C coatings were produced by magnetron sputtering plasma deposition, for the first time, with the aim to make very thin Fe–Mn stents trackable by fluoroscopy. The power of Fe–13Mn-1.2C target was kept constant at 400 W while that of W target varied from 100 to 400 W producing three different coatings referred to as P100, P200, P400. The effect of the increased W power on coatings thickness, roughness, structure, corrosion behavior and radiopacity was investigated. The coatings showed a power-dependent thickness and W concentration, different roughness values while a similar and uniform columnar structure. An amorphous phase was detected for both P100 and P200 coatings while γ-Fe, bcc-W and W3C phases found for P400. Moreover, P200 and P400 showed a significantly higher corrosion rate (CR) compared to P100. The presence of W, W3C as well as the Fe amount variation determined two different micro-galvanic corrosion mechanisms significantly changing the CR of coatings, 0.26 ± 0.02, 59.68 ± 1.21 and 59.06 ± 1.16 μm/year for P100, P200 and P400, respectively. Sample P200 with its most uniform morphology, lowest roughness (RMS = 3.9 ± 0.4 nm) and good radiopacity (∼6%) appeared the most suitable radiopaque biodegradable coating investigated in this study. Three W–Fe–Mn–C coatings (P100, P200, P400) were developed by magnetron sputtering. Coatings showed a columnar structure and power-dependent thickness and W concentration. Thicknesses from 0.9 ± 0.2 to 1.8 ± 0.2 μm and RMS from 3.9 ± 0.4 to 54.3 ± 8.1 nm were found for P100, P200, P400, resp. The amorphous phase of P100, P200 and γ-Fe, bcc-W and W3C of P400 significantly affected the CR. The most uniform morphology, lowest roughness (3.9 ± 0.4 nm) and good radiopacity (∼6%) were found for P200.
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Abstract
Abstract
Graphene is one of most exceptional type of nanocarbon. It is a two-dimensional, one atom thick, nanosheet of sp2 hybridized carbon atoms. Graphene has been employed as nanofiller for shape memory polymeric nanocomposites due to outstanding electrical conductivity, mechanical strength, flexibility, and thermal stability characteristics. Consequently, graphene nanostructures have been reinforced in the polymer matrices to attain superior structural, physical, and shape recovery properties. This review basically addresses the important class of shape memory polymer (SMP)/graphene nanocomposites. This assessment is revolutionary to portray the scientific development and advancement in the field of polymer and graphene-based shape memory nanocomposites. In SMP/graphene nanocomposites, polymer shape has been fixed at above transition temperature and then converted to memorized shape through desired external stimuli. Presence of graphene has caused fast switching of temporary shape to original shape in polymer/graphene nanocomposites. In this regard, better graphene dispersion, interactions between matrix-nanofiller, and well-matched interface formation leading to high performance stimuli-responsive graphene derived nanocomposites, have been described. Incidentally, the fabrication, properties, actuation ways, and relevance of the SMP/graphene nanocomposite have been discussed here. The potential applications of these materials have been perceived for the aerospace/automotive components, self-healing nanocomposites, textiles, civil engineering, and biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Kausar
- National Center for Physics, Quaid-i-Azam University Campus , Islamabad , Pakistan
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6
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Vakil AU, Petryk NM, Shepherd E, Monroe MBB. Biostable Shape Memory Polymer Foams for Smart Biomaterial Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13234084. [PMID: 34883587 PMCID: PMC8658902 DOI: 10.3390/polym13234084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyurethane foams provide a wide range of applications as a biomaterial system due to the ability to tune their physical, chemical, and biological properties to meet the requirements of the intended applications. Another key parameter that determines the usability of this biomaterial is its degradability under body conditions. Several current approaches focus on slowing the degradation rate for applications that require the implant to be present for a longer time frame (over 100 days). Here, biostable shape memory polymer (SMP) foams were synthesized with added ether-containing monomers to tune the degradation rates. The physical, thermal and shape memory properties of these foams were characterized along with their cytocompatibility and blood interactions. Degradation profiles were assessed in vitro in oxidative (3% H2O2; real-time) and hydrolytic media (0.1 M NaOH; accelerated) at 37 °C. The resulting foams had tunable degradation rates, with up 15% mass remaining after 108 days, and controlled erosion profiles. These easy-to-use, shape-filling SMP foams have the potential for various biomaterial applications where longer-term stability without the need for implant removal is desired.
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Abstract
Smart scaffolds based on shape memory polymer (SMPs) have been increasingly studied in tissue engineering. The unique shape actuating ability of SMP scaffolds has been utilized to improve delivery and/or tissue defect filling. In this regard, these scaffolds may be self-deploying, self-expanding, or self-fitting. Smart scaffolds are generally thermoresponsive or hydroresponsive wherein shape recovery is driven by an increase in temperature or by hydration, respectively. Most smart scaffolds have been directed towards regenerating bone, cartilage, and cardiovascular tissues. A vast variety of smart scaffolds can be prepared with properties targeted for a specific tissue application. This breadth of smart scaffolds stems from the variety of compositions employed as well as the numerous methods used to fabricated scaffolds with the desired morphology. Smart scaffold compositions span across several distinct classes of SMPs, affording further tunability of properties using numerous approaches. Specifically, these SMPs include those based on physically cross-linked and chemically cross-linked networks and include widely studied shape memory polyurethanes (SMPUs). Various additives, ranging from nanoparticles to biologicals, have also been included to impart unique functionality to smart scaffolds. Thus, given their unique functionality and breadth of tunable properties, smart scaffolds have tremendous potential in tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela R Pfau
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
| | - Melissa A Grunlan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA. and Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA and Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
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8
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Kausar A. Shape memory poly(methyl methacrylate) nanocomposites: design and methodical trends. POLYM-PLAST TECH MAT 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/25740881.2021.1930046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Kausar
- Nanosciences Division, National Center For Physics, Quaid-i-Azam University Campus, Islamabad, Pakistan
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9
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Fletcher GK, Nash LD, Graul LM, Jang LK, Herting SM, Wilcox MD, Touchet TJ, Sweatt AK, McDougall MP, Wright SM, Maitland DJ. Chemical Modifications of Porous Shape Memory Polymers for Enhanced X-ray and MRI Visibility. Molecules 2020; 25:E4660. [PMID: 33066091 PMCID: PMC7587375 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25204660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The goal of this work was to develop a shape memory polymer (SMP) foam with visibility under both X-ray and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) modalities. A porous polymeric material with these properties is desirable in medical device development for applications requiring thermoresponsive tissue scaffolds with clinical imaging capabilities. Dual modality visibility was achieved by chemically incorporating monomers with X-ray visible iodine-motifs and MRI visible monomers with gadolinium content. Physical and thermomechanical characterization showed the effect of increased gadopentetic acid (GPA) on shape memory behavior. Multiple compositions showed brightening effects in pilot, T1-weighted MR imaging. There was a correlation between the polymeric density and X-ray visibility on expanded and compressed SMP foams. Additionally, extractions and indirect cytocompatibility studies were performed to address toxicity concerns of gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs). This material platform has the potential to be used in a variety of medical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grace K. Fletcher
- Texas A&M University Biomedical Engineering, Bizzell St, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (G.K.F.); (L.M.G.); (L.K.J.); (S.M.H.); (M.D.W.); (T.J.T.); (A.K.S.); (M.P.M.); (S.M.W.)
| | | | - Lance M. Graul
- Texas A&M University Biomedical Engineering, Bizzell St, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (G.K.F.); (L.M.G.); (L.K.J.); (S.M.H.); (M.D.W.); (T.J.T.); (A.K.S.); (M.P.M.); (S.M.W.)
| | - Lindy K. Jang
- Texas A&M University Biomedical Engineering, Bizzell St, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (G.K.F.); (L.M.G.); (L.K.J.); (S.M.H.); (M.D.W.); (T.J.T.); (A.K.S.); (M.P.M.); (S.M.W.)
| | - Scott M. Herting
- Texas A&M University Biomedical Engineering, Bizzell St, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (G.K.F.); (L.M.G.); (L.K.J.); (S.M.H.); (M.D.W.); (T.J.T.); (A.K.S.); (M.P.M.); (S.M.W.)
| | - Matthew D. Wilcox
- Texas A&M University Biomedical Engineering, Bizzell St, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (G.K.F.); (L.M.G.); (L.K.J.); (S.M.H.); (M.D.W.); (T.J.T.); (A.K.S.); (M.P.M.); (S.M.W.)
| | - Tyler J. Touchet
- Texas A&M University Biomedical Engineering, Bizzell St, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (G.K.F.); (L.M.G.); (L.K.J.); (S.M.H.); (M.D.W.); (T.J.T.); (A.K.S.); (M.P.M.); (S.M.W.)
| | - Ana Katarina Sweatt
- Texas A&M University Biomedical Engineering, Bizzell St, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (G.K.F.); (L.M.G.); (L.K.J.); (S.M.H.); (M.D.W.); (T.J.T.); (A.K.S.); (M.P.M.); (S.M.W.)
| | - Mary P. McDougall
- Texas A&M University Biomedical Engineering, Bizzell St, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (G.K.F.); (L.M.G.); (L.K.J.); (S.M.H.); (M.D.W.); (T.J.T.); (A.K.S.); (M.P.M.); (S.M.W.)
- Texas A&M University Electrical and Computer Engineering, Bizzell St, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Steven M. Wright
- Texas A&M University Biomedical Engineering, Bizzell St, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (G.K.F.); (L.M.G.); (L.K.J.); (S.M.H.); (M.D.W.); (T.J.T.); (A.K.S.); (M.P.M.); (S.M.W.)
- Texas A&M University Electrical and Computer Engineering, Bizzell St, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Duncan J. Maitland
- Texas A&M University Biomedical Engineering, Bizzell St, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (G.K.F.); (L.M.G.); (L.K.J.); (S.M.H.); (M.D.W.); (T.J.T.); (A.K.S.); (M.P.M.); (S.M.W.)
- Shape Memory Medical Inc., Santa Clara, CA 95054, USA;
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Shape Memory Polymer Foams Synthesized Using Glycerol and Hexanetriol for Enhanced Degradation Resistance. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12102290. [PMID: 33036235 PMCID: PMC7600845 DOI: 10.3390/polym12102290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Shape memory polymer foams have been used in a wide range of medical applications, including, but not limited to, vessel occlusion and aneurysm treatment. This unique polymer system has been proven to shape-fill a void, which makes it useful for occlusion applications. While the shape memory polymer foam has superior performance and healing outcomes compared to its leading competitors, some device applications may benefit from longer material degradation times, or degradation-resistant formulations with increased fibrous encapsulation. In this study, biostable shape memory polymer foams were synthesized, and their physical and chemical properties were characterized as an initial evaluation of feasibility for vascular occlusion applications. After characterizing their shape memory behavior in an aqueous environment, degradation of this polymer system was studied in vitro using accelerated oxidative and hydrolytic solutions. Results indicated that the foams did not lose mass under oxidative or hydrolytic conditions, and they maintained high shape recovery in aqueous in vitro models. These degradation-resistant systems have potential for use in vascular occlusion and other wound healing applications that benefit from permanent, space-filling shape memory behavior.
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11
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Sun L, Gao X, Wu D, Guo Q. Advances in Physiologically Relevant Actuation of Shape Memory Polymers for Biomedical Applications. POLYM REV 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/15583724.2020.1825487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Luyao Sun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xu Gao
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Decheng Wu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Qiongyu Guo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
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12
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Xiao R, Huang WM. Heating/Solvent Responsive Shape-Memory Polymers for Implant Biomedical Devices in Minimally Invasive Surgery: Current Status and Challenge. Macromol Biosci 2020; 20:e2000108. [PMID: 32567193 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202000108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Revised: 05/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This review is about the fundamentals and practical issues in applying both heating and solvent responsive shape memory polymers (SMPs) for implant biomedical devices via minimally invasive surgery. After revealing the general requirements in the design of biomedical devices based on SMPs and the fundamentals for the shape-memory effect in SMPs, the underlying mechanisms, characterization methods, and several representative biomedical applications, including vascular stents, tissue scaffolds, occlusion devices, drug delivery systems, and the current R&D status of them, are discussed. The new opportunities arising from emerging technologies, such as 3D printing, and new materials, such as vitrimer, are also highlighted. Finally, the major challenge that limits the practical clinical applications of SMPs at present is addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Soft Machines and Smart Devices of Zhejiang Province, Department of Engineering Mechanics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Wei Min Huang
- School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore, 639798, Singapore
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Boyle AJ, Wierzbicki MA, Herting S, Weems AC, Nathan A, Hwang W, Maitland DJ. In vitro performance of a shape memory polymer foam-coated coil embolization device. Med Eng Phys 2017; 49:56-62. [PMID: 28774685 PMCID: PMC5819332 DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2017.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Intracranial saccular aneurysm treatment using endovascular embolization devices are limited by aneurysm recurrence that can lead to aneurysm rupture. A shape memory polymer (SMP) foam-coated coil (FCC) embolization device was designed to increase packing density and improve tissue healing compared to current commercial devices. FCC devices were fabricated and tested using in vitro models to assess feasibility for clinical treatment of intracranial saccular aneurysms. FCC devices demonstrated smooth delivery through tortuous pathways similar to control devices as well as greater than 10 min working time for clinical repositioning during deployment. Furthermore, the devices passed pilot verification tests for particulates, chemical leachables, and cytocompatibility. Finally, devices were successfully implanted in an in vitro saccular aneurysm model with large packing density. Though improvements and future studies evaluating device stiffness were identified as a necessity, the FCC device demonstrates effective delivery and packing performance that provides great promise for clinical application of the device in treatment of intracranial saccular aneurysms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony J Boyle
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA; Shape Memory Medical, Inc., College Station, TX, USA
| | - Mark A Wierzbicki
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA; Shape Memory Medical, Inc., College Station, TX, USA
| | - Scott Herting
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Andrew C Weems
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Adam Nathan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Wonjun Hwang
- Shape Memory Medical, Inc., College Station, TX, USA
| | - Duncan J Maitland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
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Shiralizadeh S, Nasr-Isfahani H, Keivanloo A, Bakherad M. Radiopaque nanocomposites based on biocompatible iodinated N-phenyl amide-modified methyl methacrylate/acrylic acid copolymer. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-017-1349-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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15
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Nash LD, Browning Monroe MB, Ding YH, Ezell KP, Boyle AJ, Kadirvel R, Kallmes DF, Maitland DJ. Increased X-ray Visualization of Shape Memory Polymer Foams by Chemical Incorporation of Iodine Motifs. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9. [PMID: 30034862 PMCID: PMC6052870 DOI: 10.3390/polym9080381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Shape memory polymers can be programmed into a secondary geometry and recovered to their primary geometry with the application of a controlled stimulus. Porous shape memory polymer foam scaffolds that respond to body temperature show particular promise for embolic medical applications. A limitation for the minimally invasive delivery of these materials is an inherent lack of X-ray contrast. In this work, a triiodobenzene containing a monomer was incorporated into a shape memory polymer foam material system to chemically impart X-ray visibility and increase material toughness. Composition and process changes enabled further control over material density and thermomechanical properties. The proposed material system demonstrates a wide range of tailorable functional properties for the design of embolic medical devices, including X-ray visibility, expansion rate, and porosity. Enhanced visualization of these materials can improve the acute performance of medical devices used to treat vascular malformations, and the material porosity provides a healing scaffold for durable occlusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Landon D. Nash
- Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (L.D.N.); (M.B.B.M.); (K.P.E.); (A.J.B.)
| | - Mary Beth Browning Monroe
- Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (L.D.N.); (M.B.B.M.); (K.P.E.); (A.J.B.)
| | - Yong-Hong Ding
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (Y.-H.D.); (R.K.); (D.F.K.)
| | - Kendal P. Ezell
- Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (L.D.N.); (M.B.B.M.); (K.P.E.); (A.J.B.)
| | - Anthony J. Boyle
- Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (L.D.N.); (M.B.B.M.); (K.P.E.); (A.J.B.)
| | - Ramanathan Kadirvel
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (Y.-H.D.); (R.K.); (D.F.K.)
| | - David F. Kallmes
- Department of Radiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA; (Y.-H.D.); (R.K.); (D.F.K.)
| | - Duncan J. Maitland
- Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (L.D.N.); (M.B.B.M.); (K.P.E.); (A.J.B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-979-458-3471
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16
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Muschalek R, Nash L, Jones R, Hasan SM, Keller BK, Monroe MBB, Maitland DJ. Effects of Sterilization on Shape Memory Polyurethane Embolic Foam Devices. J Med Device 2017; 11:0310111-310119. [PMID: 29034056 DOI: 10.1115/1.4037052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2016] [Revised: 05/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Polyurethane shape memory polymer (SMP) foams have been developed for various embolic medical devices due to their unique properties in minimally invasive biomedical applications. These polyurethane materials can be stored in a secondary shape, from which they can recover their primary shape after exposure to an external stimulus, such as heat and water exposure. Tailored actuation temperatures of SMPs provide benefits for minimally invasive biomedical applications, but incur significant challenges for SMP-based medical device sterilization. Most sterilization methods require high temperatures or high humidity to effectively reduce the bioburden of the device, but the environment must be tightly controlled after device fabrication. Here, two probable sterilization methods (nontraditional ethylene oxide (ntEtO) gas sterilization and electron beam irradiation) are investigated for SMP medical devices. Thermal characterization of the sterilized foams indicated that ntEtO gas sterilization significantly decreased the glass transition temperature. Further material characterization was undertaken on the electron beam (ebeam) sterilized samples, which indicated minimal changes to the thermomechanical integrity of the bulk foam and to the device functionality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachael Muschalek
- Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 e-mail:
| | - Landon Nash
- Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843; Shape Memory Medical, Inc., Santa Clara, CA 95054 e-mail:
| | - Ryan Jones
- Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 e-mail:
| | - Sayyeda M Hasan
- Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843; Shape Memory Medical, Inc., Santa Clara, CA 95054 e-mail:
| | - Brandis K Keller
- Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 e-mail:
| | - Mary Beth B Monroe
- Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843 e-mail:
| | - Duncan J Maitland
- Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843; Shape Memory Medical, Inc., Santa Clara, CA 95054 e-mail:
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Nathan AL, Fletcher GK, Monroe MBB, Hwang W, Herting SM, Hasan SM, Keller BK, Maitland DJ. Particulate Release From Nanoparticle-Loaded Shape Memory Polymer Foams. J Med Device 2017; 11:0110091-110099. [PMID: 28179975 DOI: 10.1115/1.4035547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Highly porous, open-celled shape memory polymer (SMP) foams are being developed for a number of vascular occlusion devices. Applications include abdominal aortic and neurovascular aneurysm or peripheral vascular occlusion. A major concern with implanting these high surface area materials in the vasculature is the potential to generate unacceptable particulate burden, in terms of number, size, and composition. This study demonstrates that particulate numbers and sizes in SMP foams are in compliance with limits stated by the most relevant standard and guidance documents. Particulates were quantified in SMP foams as made, postreticulation, and after incorporating nanoparticles intended to increase material toughness and improve radiopacity. When concentrated particulate treatments were administered to fibroblasts, they exhibited high cell viability (100%). These results demonstrate that the SMP foams do not induce an unacceptable level of risk to potential vascular occlusion devices due to particulate generation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam L Nathan
- Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Grace K Fletcher
- Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | | | - Wonjun Hwang
- Shape Memory Medical, Inc., Santa Clara, CA 95054
| | - Scott M Herting
- Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Sayyeda M Hasan
- Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Brandis K Keller
- Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843
| | - Duncan J Maitland
- Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843; Shape Memory Medical, Inc., Santa Clara, CA 95054 e-mail:
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18
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Hasan SM, Easley AD, Monroe MBB, Maitland DJ. Development of siloxane-based amphiphiles as cell stabilizers for porous shape memory polymer systems. J Colloid Interface Sci 2016; 478:334-43. [PMID: 27318013 PMCID: PMC5841088 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2016.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Revised: 06/08/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Polyurethane foaming surfactants are cell stabilized at the polymer-gas interface during foam blowing to prevent bubble coalescence. Siloxane-based surfactants are typically used to generate a surface tension gradient at the interface. The chemical structure of the hydrophobic and hydrophilic units affects surfactant properties, which can further influence foam morphology. EXPERIMENTS Siloxane-polyethylene glycol (PEG) ether amphiphiles were synthesized in high yield via hydrosilylation to serve as surfactants for shape memory polymer (SMP) foams. Hydrophobic units consisted of trisiloxane and polydimethyl siloxane, and PEG allyl methyl ether (n=8 or 25) was the hydrophilic component. Upon confirming successful synthesis of the surfactants, their surface tension was measured to study their suitability for use in foaming. SMP foams were synthesized using the four surfactants, and the effects of surfactant structure and concentration on foam morphology were evaluated. FINDINGS Spectroscopic data confirmed successful siloxane-PEG coupling. All surfactants had a low surface tension of 20-21mN/m, indicating their ability to reduce interfacial tension. SMP foams were successfully fabricated with tunable cell size and morphology as a function of surfactant type and concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayyeda M Hasan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3120, United States
| | - Alexandra D Easley
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3120, United States
| | - Mary Beth Browning Monroe
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3120, United States
| | - Duncan J Maitland
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843-3120, United States.
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Hasan SM, Thompson RS, Emery H, Nathan AL, Weems AC, Zhou F, Monroe MBB, Maitland DJ. Modification of Shape Memory Polymer Foams Using Tungsten, Aluminum Oxide, and Silicon Dioxide Nanoparticles. RSC Adv 2015; 6:918-927. [PMID: 27458520 DOI: 10.1039/c5ra22633c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Shape memory polymer (SMP) foams were synthesized with three different nanoparticles (tungsten, silicon dioxide, and aluminum oxide) for embolization of cerebral aneurysms. Ultra-low density SMP foams have previously been utilized for aneurysm occlusion, resulting in a rapid, stable thrombus. However, the small cross section of foam struts can potentially lead to fracture and particulate generation, which would be a serious adverse event for an embolic device. The goal of this study was to improve the mechanical properties of the system by physically incorporating fillers into the SMP matrix. Thermal and mechanical characterization suggested minimal changes in thermal transition of the SMP nanocomposites and improved mechanical strength and toughness for systems with low filler content. Actuation profiles of the three polymer systems were tuned with filler type and content, resulting in faster SMP foam actuation for nanocomposites containing higher filler content. Additionally, thermal stability of the SMP nanocomposites improved with increasing filler concentration, and particulate count remained well below accepted standard limits for all systems. Extraction studies demonstrated little release of silicon dioxide and aluminum oxide from the bulk over 16 days. Tungstun release increased over the 16 day examination period, with a maximum measured concentration of approxiately 2.87 μg/mL. The SMP nanocomposites developed through this research have the potential for use in medical devices due to their tailorable mechanical properties, thermal resisitivity, and actuation profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- S M Hasan
- Texas A&M University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 5045 Emerging Technologies Building, 3120 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843-3120
| | - R S Thompson
- Texas A&M University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 5045 Emerging Technologies Building, 3120 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843-3120
| | - H Emery
- Texas A&M University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 5045 Emerging Technologies Building, 3120 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843-3120
| | - A L Nathan
- Texas A&M University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 5045 Emerging Technologies Building, 3120 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843-3120
| | - A C Weems
- Texas A&M University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 5045 Emerging Technologies Building, 3120 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843-3120
| | - F Zhou
- University of Minnesota, Characterization Facility, College of Science and Engineering, 1-234 Nils Hasselmo Hall, 312 Church Street S. E., Minneapolis, MN 55455
| | - M B B Monroe
- Texas A&M University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 5045 Emerging Technologies Building, 3120 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843-3120
| | - D J Maitland
- Texas A&M University, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 5045 Emerging Technologies Building, 3120 TAMU, College Station, TX 77843-3120
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