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Jo YH, Cho JH, Park DH, Yoon HI, Han SH, Yilmaz B. Antimicrobial activity, surface properties, and cytotoxicity of microencapsulated phytochemicals incorporated into three-dimensionally printable dental polymers. J Dent 2024; 141:104820. [PMID: 38128820 DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2023] [Revised: 12/09/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial properties of three dimensionally-printed dental polymers (3DPs) incorporated with microencapsulated phytochemicals (MPs) and to assess their surface characteristics and cytotoxicity. METHODS MPs derived from phytoncide oil and their specific chemical components were introduced into suspensions of three microbial species: Streptococcus gordonii, Streptococcus oralis, and Candida albicans. Optical density was measured to determine the microbial growth in the presence of MPs for testing their antimicrobial activity. MPs at 5% (w/w) were mixed with dental polymers and dispersants to 3DP discs. These microbial species were then seeded onto the discs and incubated for 24 h. The antibacterial and antifungal activities of MP-containing 3DPs were evaluated by counting the colony-forming units (n = 3). The biofilm formation on the 3DP was assessed by crystal violet staining assay (n = 3). Microbial viability was determined using a live-dead staining and CLSM observation (n = 3). Surface roughness and water contact angle were assessed (n = 10). Cytotoxicity of MP-containing 3DPs for human gingival fibroblast was evaluated by MTT assay. RESULTS MPs, particularly (-)-α-pinene, suppressed the growth of all tested microbial species. MP-containing 3DPs significantly reduced the colony count (P ≤ 0.001) and biofilm formation (P ≤ 0.009), of all tested microbial species. Both surface roughness (P < 0.001) and water contact angle (P < 0.001) increased. The cytotoxicity remained unchanged after incorporating MPs to the 3DPs (P = 0.310). CONCLUSIONS MPs effectively controlled the microbial growth on 3DPs as evidenced by the colony count, biofilm formation, and cell viability. Although MPs modified the surface characteristics, they did not influence the cytotoxicity of 3DPs. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Integration of MPs into 3DPs could produce dental prostheses or appliances with antimicrobial properties. This approach not only provides a proactive solution to reduce the risk of oral biofilm-related infection but also ensures the safety and biocompatibility of the material, thereby improving dental care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye-Hyeon Jo
- Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University School of Dentistry, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Ho Cho
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Hyun Park
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-In Yoon
- Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry and Dental Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Seung Hyun Han
- Department of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, and Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Burak Yilmaz
- Department of Reconstructive Dentistry and Gerodontology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dental Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Division of Restorative and Prosthetic Dentistry, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
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Caracciolo PC, Abraham GA, Battaglia ES, Bongiovanni Abel S. Recent Progress and Trends in the Development of Electrospun and 3D Printed Polymeric-Based Materials to Overcome Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR). Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1964. [PMID: 37514150 PMCID: PMC10385409 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15071964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) developed by microorganisms is considered one of the most critical public health issues worldwide. This problem is affecting the lives of millions of people and needs to be addressed promptly. Mainly, antibiotics are the substances that contribute to AMR in various strains of bacteria and other microorganisms, leading to infectious diseases that cannot be effectively treated. To avoid the use of antibiotics and similar drugs, several approaches have gained attention in the fields of materials science and engineering as well as pharmaceutics over the past five years. Our focus lies on the design and manufacture of polymeric-based materials capable of incorporating antimicrobial agents excluding the aforementioned substances. In this sense, two of the emerging techniques for materials fabrication, namely, electrospinning and 3D printing, have gained significant attraction. In this article, we provide a summary of the most important findings that contribute to the development of antimicrobial systems using these technologies to incorporate various types of nanomaterials, organic molecules, or natural compounds with the required property. Furthermore, we discuss and consider the challenges that lie ahead in this research field for the coming years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo C Caracciolo
- Biomedical Polymers Division, Research Institute for Materials Science and Technology (INTEMA), National University of Mar del Plata (UNMdP), National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Av. Colón 10850, Mar del Plata 7600, Argentina
| | - Gustavo A Abraham
- Biomedical Polymers Division, Research Institute for Materials Science and Technology (INTEMA), National University of Mar del Plata (UNMdP), National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Av. Colón 10850, Mar del Plata 7600, Argentina
| | - Ernesto S Battaglia
- Biomedical Polymers Division, Research Institute for Materials Science and Technology (INTEMA), National University of Mar del Plata (UNMdP), National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Av. Colón 10850, Mar del Plata 7600, Argentina
| | - Silvestre Bongiovanni Abel
- Biomedical Polymers Division, Research Institute for Materials Science and Technology (INTEMA), National University of Mar del Plata (UNMdP), National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Av. Colón 10850, Mar del Plata 7600, Argentina
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Zizhou R, Wang X, Houshyar S. Review of Polymeric Biomimetic Small-Diameter Vascular Grafts to Tackle Intimal Hyperplasia. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:22125-22148. [PMID: 35811906 PMCID: PMC9260943 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c01740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Small-diameter artificial vascular grafts (SDAVG) are used to bypass blood flow in arterial occlusive diseases such as coronary heart or peripheral arterial disease. However, SDAVGs are plagued by restenosis after a short while due to thrombosis and the thickening of the neointimal wall known as intimal hyperplasia (IH). The specific causes of IH have not yet been deduced; however, thrombosis formation due to bioincompatibility as well as a mismatch between the biomechanical properties of the SDAVG and the native artery has been attributed to its initiation. The main challenges that have been faced in fabricating SDAVGs are facilitating rapid re-endothelialization of the luminal surface of the SDAVG and replicating the complex viscoelastic behavior of the arteries. Recent strategies to combat IH formation have been mostly based on imitating the natural structure and function of the native artery (biomimicry). Thus, most recently, developed grafts contain a multilayered structure with a designated function for each layer. This paper reviews the current polymeric, biomimetic SDAVGs in preventing the formation of IH. The materials used in fabrication, challenges, and strategies employed to tackle IH are summarized and discussed, and we focus on the multilayered structure of current SDAVGs. Additionally, the future aspects in this area are pointed out for researchers to consider in their endeavor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumbidzai Zizhou
- Center
for Materials Innovation and Future Fashion (CMIFF), School of Fashion
and Textiles, RMIT University, Brunswick 3056, Australia
| | - Xin Wang
- Center
for Materials Innovation and Future Fashion (CMIFF), School of Fashion
and Textiles, RMIT University, Brunswick 3056, Australia
| | - Shadi Houshyar
- School
of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne 3000, Australia
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Grivet-Brancot A, Boffito M, Ciardelli G. Use of Polyesters in Fused Deposition Modeling for Biomedical Applications. Macromol Biosci 2022; 22:e2200039. [PMID: 35488769 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202200039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, 3D printing techniques experienced a growing interest in several sectors, including the biomedical one. Their main advantage resides in the possibility to obtain complex and personalized structures in a cost-effective way impossible to achieve with traditional production methods. This is especially true for Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), one of the most diffused 3D printing methods. The easy customization of the final products' geometry, composition and physico-chemical properties is particularly interesting for the increasingly personalized approach adopted in modern medicine. Thermoplastic polymers are the preferred choice for FDM applications, and a wide selection of biocompatible and biodegradable materials is available to this aim. Moreover, these polymers can also be easily modified before and after printing to better suit the body environment and the mechanical properties of biological tissues. This review focuses on the use of thermoplastic aliphatic polyesters for FDM applications in the biomedical field. In detail, the use of poly(ε-caprolactone), poly(lactic acid), poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid), poly(hydroxyalkanoate)s, thermo-plastic poly(ester urethane)s and their blends has been thoroughly surveyed, with particular attention to their main features, applicability and workability. The state-of-the-art is presented and current challenges in integrating the additive manufacturing technology in the medical practice are discussed. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Grivet-Brancot
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, Torino, 10129, Italy.,Department of Surgical Sciences, Università di Torino, Corso Dogliotti 14, Torino, 10126, Italy
| | - Monica Boffito
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, Torino, 10129, Italy
| | - Gianluca Ciardelli
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Corso Duca degli Abruzzi, 24, Torino, 10129, Italy
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Rubio Hernández-Sampelayo A, Navarro R, González-García DM, García-Fernández L, Ramírez-Jiménez RA, Aguilar MR, Marcos-Fernández Á. Biodegradable and Biocompatible Thermoplastic Poly(Ester-Urethane)s Based on Poly(ε-Caprolactone) and Novel 1,3-Propanediol Bis(4-Isocyanatobenzoate) Diisocyanate: Synthesis and Characterization. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:1288. [PMID: 35406162 PMCID: PMC9002640 DOI: 10.3390/polym14071288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of non-toxic biodegradable and biocompatible polyurethanes bearing p-aminobenzoate moieties are presented. The introduction of this attractive motif was carried out by the synthesis of a novel isocyanate. These biodegradable polymers were chemically and physically characterized by several techniques and methods including bioassay and water uptake measurements. The molecular weight of the soft segment (poly-ε-caprolactone, PCL) and hard segment crystallinity dictated the mechanical behavior and water uptake. The behavior of short PCL-based polyurethanes was elastomeric, whilst increasing the molecular weight of the soft segment led to plastic polyurethanes. Water uptake was hindered for long PCL due to the crystallization of the soft segment within the polyurethane matrix. Furthermore, two different types of chain extender, hydrolyzable and non-hydrolyzable, were also evaluated: polyurethanes based on hydrolyzable chain extenders reached higher molecular weights, thus leading to a better performance than their unhydrolyzable counterparts. The good cell adhesion and cytotoxicity results demonstrated the cell viability of human osteoblasts on the surfaces of these non-toxic biodegradable polyurethanes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Rubio Hernández-Sampelayo
- Institute of Polymer Science and Technology (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (A.R.H.-S.); (L.G.-F.); (R.A.R.-J.); (M.R.A.)
- Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia (UNED), Facultad de Ciencias, C/Bravo Murillo, 38, 28015 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rodrigo Navarro
- Institute of Polymer Science and Technology (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (A.R.H.-S.); (L.G.-F.); (R.A.R.-J.); (M.R.A.)
| | - Dulce María González-García
- Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Escuela Superior de Ingeniería Química e Industrias Extractivas, UPALM-Zacatenco, Col Lindavista, Mexico City 07738, Mexico;
- Universidad de Guanajuato, Departamento de Química, Noria Alta s/n, Guanajuato 36050, Mexico
| | - Luis García-Fernández
- Institute of Polymer Science and Technology (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (A.R.H.-S.); (L.G.-F.); (R.A.R.-J.); (M.R.A.)
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in the Subject Area of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Avenida Monforte de Lemons 3–5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Rosa Ana Ramírez-Jiménez
- Institute of Polymer Science and Technology (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (A.R.H.-S.); (L.G.-F.); (R.A.R.-J.); (M.R.A.)
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in the Subject Area of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Avenida Monforte de Lemons 3–5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María Rosa Aguilar
- Institute of Polymer Science and Technology (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (A.R.H.-S.); (L.G.-F.); (R.A.R.-J.); (M.R.A.)
- Biomedical Research Networking Center in the Subject Area of Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), Avenida Monforte de Lemons 3–5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ángel Marcos-Fernández
- Institute of Polymer Science and Technology (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva, 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (A.R.H.-S.); (L.G.-F.); (R.A.R.-J.); (M.R.A.)
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