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Velázquez-Libera JL, Caballero J, Alzate-Morales J, Ruiz-Pernía JJ, Tuñón I. Understanding the Interactions of Ubiquitin-Specific Protease 7 with Its Substrates through Molecular Dynamics Simulations: Insights into the Role of Its C-Terminal Domains in Substrate Recognition. J Chem Inf Model 2024; 64:4134-4148. [PMID: 38703206 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jcim.3c01971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Ubiquitin-specific protease 7 (USP7) is a deubiquitinase enzyme that plays a critical role in regulating various cellular processes by cleaving ubiquitin molecules from target proteins. The C-terminal loop (CTL) motif is a specific region at the C-terminal end of the USP7 enzyme. Recent experiments suggest that the CTL motif plays a role in USP7's catalytic activity by contributing to the enzyme's structural stability, substrate recognition, and catalytic efficiency. The objective of this work is to elucidate these roles through the utilization of computational methods for molecular simulations. For this, we conducted extensive molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to investigate the conformational dynamics and protein-protein interactions within the USP7 enzyme-substrate complex with the substrate consisting of the ubiquitin tagged with the fluorescent label rhodamine 110-gly (Ub-Rho). Our results demonstrate that the CTL motif plays a crucial role in stabilizing the Ubl domains' conformation and augmenting the stability of active conformations within the enzyme-substrate complex. Conversely, the absence of the CTL motif results in increased flexibility and variability in Ubl domains' motion, leading to a reduced percentage of active conformations. Furthermore, our analysis of protein-protein interactions highlights the significance of the CTL motif in anchoring the Ubl45 domains to the catalytic domain (CD), thereby facilitating stable interactions with the substrate. Overall, our findings provide valuable insights into the conformational dynamics and protein-protein interactions inherent in the USP7 enzyme-substrate complex. These insights shed light on some mechanistic details of USP7 concerning the substrate's recognition before its catalytic action.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Luis Velázquez-Libera
- Departamento de Bioinformática, Centro de Bioinformática, Simulación y Modelado (CBSM), Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Julio Caballero
- Departamento de Bioinformática, Centro de Bioinformática, Simulación y Modelado (CBSM), Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | - Jans Alzate-Morales
- Departamento de Bioinformática, Centro de Bioinformática, Simulación y Modelado (CBSM), Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Talca, Talca 3460000, Chile
| | | | - Iñaki Tuñón
- Departamento de Química Física, Universitat de Valencia, Valencia 46100, Spain
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Kong L, Jin X. Dysregulation of deubiquitination in breast cancer. Gene 2024; 902:148175. [PMID: 38242375 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2024.148175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is a highly frequent malignant tumor that poses a serious threat to women's health and has different molecular subtypes, histological subtypes, and biological features, which act by activating oncogenic factors and suppressing cancer inhibitors. The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is the main process contributing to protein degradation, and deubiquitinases (DUBs) are reverse enzymes that counteract this process. There is growing evidence that dysregulation of DUBs is involved in the occurrence of BC. Herein, we review recent research findings in BC-associated DUBs, describe their nature, classification, and functions, and discuss the potential mechanisms of DUB-related dysregulation in BC. Furthermore, we present the successful treatment of malignant cancer with DUB inhibitors, as well as analyzing the status of targeting aberrant DUBs in BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lili Kong
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Health Science Center, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiaofeng Jin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Health Science Center, Ningbo 315211, Zhejiang, China.
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3
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Sun LL, Zhao LN, Sun J, Yuan HF, Wang YF, Hou CY, Lv P, Zhang HH, Yang G, Zhang NN, Zhang XD, Lu W. Inhibition of USP7 enhances CD8 + T cell activity in liver cancer by suppressing PRDM1-mediated FGL1 upregulation. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2024:10.1038/s41401-024-01263-2. [PMID: 38589688 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-024-01263-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Lymphocyte activation gene 3 (LAG3), an immune checkpoint molecule expressed on activated T cells, functions as a negative regulator of immune responses. Persistent antigen exposure in the tumor microenvironment results in sustained LAG3 expression on T cells, contributing to T cell dysfunction. Fibrinogen-like protein 1 (FGL1) has been identified as a major ligand of LAG3, and FGL1/LAG3 interaction forms a novel immune checkpoint pathway that results in tumor immune evasion. In addition, ubiquitin-specific peptidase 7 (USP7) plays a crucial role in cancer development. In this study we investigated the role of USP7 in modulation of FGL1-mediated liver cancer immune evasion. We showed that knockdown of USP7 or treatment with USP7 inhibitor P5091 suppressed liver cancer growth by promoting CD8+ T cell activity in Hepa1-6 xenograft mice and in HepG2 or Huh7 cells co-cultured with T cells, whereas USP7 overexpression produced the opposite effect. We found that USP7 upregulated FGL1 in HepG2 and Huh7 cells by deubiquitination of transcriptional factor PR domain zinc finger protein 1 (PRDM1), which transcriptionally activated FGL1, and attenuated the CD8+ T cell activity, leading to the liver cancer growth. Interestingly, USP7 could be transcriptionally stimulated by PRDM1 as well in a positive feedback loop. P5091, an inhibitor of USP7, was able to downregulate FGL1 expression, thus enhancing CD8+ T cell activity. In an immunocompetent liver cancer mouse model, the dual blockade of USP7 and LAG3 resulted in a superior antitumor activity compared with anti-LAG3 therapy alone. We conclude that USP7 diminishes CD8+ T cell activity by a USP7/PRDM1 positive feedback loop on FGL1 production in liver cancer; USP7 might be a promising target for liver cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Lin Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Li-Na Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Drug ability Evaluation and Systematic Translational Medicine, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer / Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, Tianjin Cancer Institute, Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Jiao Sun
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Hong-Feng Yuan
- National Key Laboratory of Drug ability Evaluation and Systematic Translational Medicine, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer / Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, Tianjin Cancer Institute, Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Yu-Fei Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Drug ability Evaluation and Systematic Translational Medicine, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer / Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, Tianjin Cancer Institute, Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Chun-Yu Hou
- National Key Laboratory of Drug ability Evaluation and Systematic Translational Medicine, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer / Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, Tianjin Cancer Institute, Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Pan Lv
- National Key Laboratory of Drug ability Evaluation and Systematic Translational Medicine, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer / Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, Tianjin Cancer Institute, Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Hui-Hui Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Drug ability Evaluation and Systematic Translational Medicine, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer / Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, Tianjin Cancer Institute, Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China
| | - Guang Yang
- National Key Laboratory of Drug ability Evaluation and Systematic Translational Medicine, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer / Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, Tianjin Cancer Institute, Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China.
| | - Ning-Ning Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China.
| | - Xiao-Dong Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Drug ability Evaluation and Systematic Translational Medicine, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Cancer / Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Biology, Tianjin Cancer Institute, Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin, 300060, China.
| | - Wei Lu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Oncology, Liver Cancer Center, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, 300060, China.
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Zheng LL, Wang LT, Pang YW, Sun LP, Shi L. Recent advances in the development of deubiquitinases inhibitors as antitumor agents. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 266:116161. [PMID: 38262120 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Ubiquitination is a type of post-translational modification that covalently links ubiquitin to a target protein, which plays a critical role in modulating protein activity, stability, and localization. In contrast, this process is reversed by deubiquitinases (DUBs), which remove ubiquitin from ubiquitinated substrates. Dysregulation of DUBs is associated with several human diseases, such as cancer, inflammation, neurodegenerative disorders, and autoimmune diseases. Thus, DUBs have become promising targets for drug development. Although the physiological and pathological effects of DUBs are increasingly well understood, the clinical drug discovery of selective DUB inhibitors has been challenging. Herein, we summarize the structures and functions of main classes of DUBs and discuss the recent progress in developing selective small-molecule DUB inhibitors as antitumor agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Li Zheng
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Li-Ting Wang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Ye-Wei Pang
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China
| | - Li-Ping Sun
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
| | - Lei Shi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, 211198, China.
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Le Clorennec C, Lee K, Huo Y, Zage PE. USP7 Inhibition Suppresses Neuroblastoma Growth via Induction of p53-Mediated Apoptosis and EZH2 and N-Myc Downregulation. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13780. [PMID: 37762082 PMCID: PMC10531325 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241813780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is a pediatric malignancy originating from neural crest cells of the sympathetic nervous system that accounts for 15% of all pediatric cancer deaths. Despite advances in treatment, high-risk NB remains difficult to cure, highlighting the need for novel therapeutic approaches. Ubiquitin-specific protease 7 (USP7) is a deubiquitinase that plays a critical role in tumor suppression and DNA repair, and USP7 overexpression has been associated with tumor aggressiveness in a variety of tumors, including NB. Therefore, USP7 is a potential therapeutic target for NB. The tumor suppressor p53 is a known target of USP7, and therefore reactivation of the p53 pathway may be an effective therapeutic strategy for NB treatment. We hypothesized that inhibition of USP7 would be effective against NB tumor growth. Using a novel USP7 inhibitor, Almac4, we have demonstrated significant antitumor activity, with significant decreases in both cell proliferation and cell viability in TP53 wild-type NB cell lines. USP7 inhibition in NB cells activated the p53 pathway via USP7 and MDM2 degradation, leading to reduced p53 ubiquitination and increased p53 expression in all sensitive NB cells. In addition, USP7 inhibition led to decreased N-myc protein levels in both MYCN-amplified and -nonamplified NB cell lines, but no correlation was observed between MYCN amplification and treatment response. USP7 inhibition induced apoptosis in all TP53 wild-type NB cell lines. USP7 inhibition also induced EZH2 ubiquitination and degradation. Lastly, the combination of USP7 and MDM2 inhibition showed enhanced efficacy. Our data suggests that USP7 inhibition may be a promising therapeutic strategy for children with high-risk and relapsed NB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christophe Le Clorennec
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Karen Lee
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Peckham Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Rady Children’s Hospital, San Diego, CA 92123, USA
| | - Yuchen Huo
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
| | - Peter E. Zage
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology-Oncology, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA
- Peckham Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders, Rady Children’s Hospital, San Diego, CA 92123, USA
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Carreira LD, Oliveira RI, Moreira VM, Salvador JAR. Ubiquitin-specific protease 7 (USP7): an emerging drug target for cancer treatment. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2023; 27:1043-1058. [PMID: 37789645 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2023.2266571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/05/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ubiquitin-specific protease 7 (USP7) also known as herpesvirus-associated ubiquitin-specific protease (HAUSP) is a well-characterized cysteine protease that belongs to the largest subfamily of deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs). It is involved in multiple signaling pathways, some of them dysregulated in malignant tumors. USP7 inhibition can lead to cell growth arrest and apoptosis through inhibition of tumor promoters and stabilization of tumor suppressors, making it a promising druggable target for cancer therapy. AREAS COVERED This review covers the structure of USP7, its function in multiple signaling pathways and relevance in cancer, as well as recent advances and future perspectives in the development of USP7 inhibitors for cancer therapy. EXPERT OPINION Literature reports display the multiple antitumor activities of USP7 inhibitors, both in vitro and in vivo. Nonetheless, none have entered clinical trials so far, highlighting the need to delve into a deeper understanding of USP7 binding sites and the development of more accurate compound screening methods. Despite these challenges, further development of USP7 inhibitors is promising as a valuable new approach for cancer treatment, including the ability to address chemoresistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura D Carreira
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rita I Oliveira
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Vânia M Moreira
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Jorge A R Salvador
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
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Saha G, Roy S, Basu M, Ghosh MK. USP7 - a crucial regulator of cancer hallmarks. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2023; 1878:188903. [PMID: 37127084 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2023.188903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Over the course of three decades of study, the deubiquitinase Herpesvirus associated Ubiquitin-Specific Protease/Ubiquitin-Specific Protease 7 (HAUSP/USP7) has gradually come to be recognized as a crucially important molecule in cellular physiology. The fact that USP7 is overexpressed in a number of cancers, including breast, prostate, colorectal, and lung cancers, supports the idea that USP7 is also an important regulator of tumorigenesis. In this review, we discuss USP7's function in relation to the cancer hallmarks described by Hanahan and Weinberg. This post-translational modifier can support increased proliferation, block unfavorable growth signals, stop cell death, and support an unstable cellular genome by manipulating key players in the pertinent signalling circuit. It is interesting to note that USP7 also aids in the stabilization of molecules that support angiogenesis and metastasis. Targeting USP7 has now emerged as a crucial component of USP7 research because pharmacological inhibition of USP7 supports p53-mediated cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Efficacious USP7 inhibition is currently being investigated in both synthetic and natural compounds, but issues with selectivity and a lack of co-crystal structure have hindered USP7 inhibition from being tested in clinical settings. Moreover, the development of new, more effective USP7 inhibitors and their encouraging implications by numerous groups give us a glimmer of hope for USP7-targeting medications as effective substitutes for hazardous cancer chemotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gouranga Saha
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), TRUE Campus, CN-6, Sector-V, Salt Lake, Kolkata-700091 & 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, PIN - 700032, India
| | - Srija Roy
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), TRUE Campus, CN-6, Sector-V, Salt Lake, Kolkata-700091 & 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, PIN - 700032, India
| | - Malini Basu
- Department of Microbiology, Dhruba Chand Halder College, University of Calcutta, Kolkata, PIN - 743372, India
| | - Mrinal K Ghosh
- Cancer Biology and Inflammatory Disorder Division, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB), TRUE Campus, CN-6, Sector-V, Salt Lake, Kolkata-700091 & 4, Raja S.C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata, PIN - 700032, India.
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8
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Wang Y, Liu X, Huang W, Liang J, Chen Y. The intricate interplay between HIFs, ROS, and the ubiquitin system in the tumor hypoxic microenvironment. Pharmacol Ther 2022; 240:108303. [PMID: 36328089 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2022.108303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Alterations in protein ubiquitination and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF) signaling both contribute to tumorigenesis and tumor progression. Ubiquitination is a dynamic process that is coordinately regulated by E3 ligases and deubiquitinases (DUBs), which have emerged as attractive therapeutic targets. HIF expression and transcriptional activity are usually increased in tumors, leading to poor clinical outcomes. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are upregulated in tumors and have multiple effects on HIF signaling and the ubiquitin system. A growing body of evidence has shown that multiple E3 ligases and UBDs function synergistically to control the expression and activity of HIF, thereby allowing cancer cells to cope with the hypoxic microenvironment. Conversely, several E3 ligases and DUBs are regulated by hypoxia and/or HIF signaling. Hypoxia also induces ROS production, which in turn modulates the stability or activity of HIF, E3 ligases, and DUBs. Understanding the complex networks between E3 ligase, DUBs, ROS, and HIF will provide insights into the fundamental mechanism of the cellular response to hypoxia and help identify novel molecular targets for cancer treatment. We review the current knowledge on the comprehensive relationship between E3 ligase, DUBs, ROS, and HIF signaling, with a particular focus on the use of E3 ligase or DUB inhibitors in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijie Wang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, Center for Cell Structure and Function, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
| | - Xiong Liu
- School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
| | - Weixiao Huang
- School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China
| | - Junjie Liang
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510630, China.
| | - Yan Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Resistance Biology, Collaborative Innovation Center of Cell Biology in Universities of Shandong, Center for Cell Structure and Function, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China; School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510632, China.
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USP7 regulates the ERK1/2 signaling pathway through deubiquitinating Raf-1 in lung adenocarcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2022; 13:698. [PMID: 35948545 PMCID: PMC9365811 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-022-05136-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Ubiquitin-specific protease 7 (USP7) is one of the deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) in the ubiquitin-specific protease (USP) family. It is a key regulator of numerous cellular functions including immune response, cell cycle, DNA damage and repair, epigenetics, and several signaling pathways. USP7 acts by removing ubiquitin from the substrate proteins. USP7 also binds to a specific binding motif of substrate proteins having the [P/A/E]-X-X-S or K-X-X-X-K protein sequences. To date, numerous substrate proteins of USP7 have been identified, but no studies have been conducted using the binding motif that USP7 binds. In the current study, we analyzed putative substrate proteins of USP7 through the [P/A/E]-X-X-S and K-X-X-X-K binding motifs using bioinformatics tools, and confirmed that Raf-1 is one of the substrates for USP7. USP7 binds to the Pro-Val-Asp-Ser (PVDS) motif of the conserved region 2 (CR2) which contains phosphorylation sites of Raf-1 and decreased M1-, K6-, K11-, K27-, K33-, and K48-linked polyubiquitination of Raf-1. We further identified that the DUB activity of USP7 decreases the threonine phosphorylation level of Raf-1 and inhibits signaling transduction through Raf activation. This regulatory mechanism inhibits the activation of the ERK1/2 signaling pathway, thereby inhibiting the G2/M transition and the cell proliferation of lung adenocarcinoma cells. In summary, our results indicate that USP7 deubiquitinates Raf-1 and is a new regulator of the ERK1/2 signaling pathway in lung adenocarcinoma.
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Duan D, Shang M, Han Y, Liu J, Liu J, Kong SH, Hou J, Huang B, Lu J, Zhang Y. EZH2-CCF-cGAS Axis Promotes Breast Cancer Metastasis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:1788. [PMID: 35163710 PMCID: PMC8836657 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cytoplasmic chromatin fragments (CCF) are recognized by the cytoplasmic DNA sensor cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS), which activates the cGAS-STING (cyclic GMP-AMP synthase-stimulator of interferon genes) pathway and promotes the production of inflammatory factors and breast cancer metastasis. However, the mechanisms by which CCF are formed in tumor cells and CCF activation cGAS promotes breast cancer metastasis remain unclear. Here, we report that the enhancer of zeste homolog 2 (EZH2) can promote the formation of CCF and activate the cGAS-STING pathway to promote breast cancer metastasis. Further research found that the EZH2-mediated CCF formation depended on high mobility group A1 (HMGA1), while the stability of EZH2 required ubiquitin-specific peptidase 7 (USP7), indicating that the EZH2-HMGA1-USP7 complex regulated CCF formation. Moreover, EZH2 can activate cGAS through CCF, requiring USP7 to deubiquitinate cGAS and stabilize cGAS. In vivo experimental results showed that EZH2 could promote breast cancer metastasis through CCF. Our findings highlight a new target for breast cancer metastasis. Targeting the EZH2-CCF-cGAS axis may be a potential therapeutic strategy for inhibiting breast cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Duan
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (D.D.); (M.S.); (Y.H.); (S.H.K.); (J.L.)
| | - Mengjie Shang
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (D.D.); (M.S.); (Y.H.); (S.H.K.); (J.L.)
| | - Yanxu Han
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (D.D.); (M.S.); (Y.H.); (S.H.K.); (J.L.)
| | - Jiayuan Liu
- The Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (J.L.); (J.H.); (B.H.)
| | - Jiwei Liu
- School of Life Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia University of Science & Technology, Baotou 014010, China;
| | - Sun Hyok Kong
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (D.D.); (M.S.); (Y.H.); (S.H.K.); (J.L.)
| | - Jingyao Hou
- The Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (J.L.); (J.H.); (B.H.)
| | - Baiqu Huang
- The Institute of Genetics and Cytology, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (J.L.); (J.H.); (B.H.)
| | - Jun Lu
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (D.D.); (M.S.); (Y.H.); (S.H.K.); (J.L.)
| | - Yu Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Molecular Epigenetics of Ministry of Education (MOE), Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China; (D.D.); (M.S.); (Y.H.); (S.H.K.); (J.L.)
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11
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Choi HS, Baek KH. Pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic regulation mediated by deubiquitinating enzymes. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:117. [PMID: 35118522 PMCID: PMC11071826 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-022-04132-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Although damaged cells can be repaired, cells that are considered unlikely to be repaired are eliminated through apoptosis, a type of predicted cell death found in multicellular organisms. Apoptosis is a structured cell death involving alterations to the cell morphology and internal biochemical changes. This process involves the expansion and cracking of cells, changes in cell membranes, nuclear fragmentation, chromatin condensation, and chromosome cleavage, culminating in the damaged cells being eaten and processed by other cells. The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) is a major cellular pathway that regulates the protein levels through proteasomal degradation. This review proposes that apoptotic proteins are regulated through the UPS and describes a unique direction for cancer treatment by controlling proteasomal degradation of apoptotic proteins, and small molecules targeted to enzymes associated with UPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hae-Seul Choi
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, 335 Pangyo-Ro, Bundang-Gu, Seongnam-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang-Hyun Baek
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, 335 Pangyo-Ro, Bundang-Gu, Seongnam-Si, Gyeonggi-Do, 13488, Republic of Korea.
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12
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Dai X, Zhang T, Hua D. Ubiquitination and SUMOylation: protein homeostasis control over cancer. Epigenomics 2021; 14:43-58. [PMID: 34875856 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2021-0371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitination and SUMOylation are two essential components of the ubiquitination proteasome system playing fundamental roles in protein homeostasis maintenance and signal transduction, perturbation of which is associated with tumorigenesis. By comparing the mechanisms of ubiquitination and SUMOylation, assessing their crosstalk, reviewing their differential associations with cancer and identifying unaddressed yet important questions that may lead the field trend, this review sheds light on the similarities and differences of ubiquitination and SUMOylation toward the improved harnessing of both post-translational modification machineries, as well as forecasts novel onco-therapeutic opportunities through cell homeostasis control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Dai
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122,China
| | - Tongxin Zhang
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122,China
| | - Dong Hua
- Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122,China.,Wuxi People's Hospital, Wuxi, 214023, China.,Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China
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13
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Yang X, Jin J, Yang J, Zhou L, Mi S, Qi G. Expression of Ubiquitin-specific protease 7 in oral squamous cell carcinoma promotes tumor cell proliferation and invasion. Genet Mol Biol 2021; 44:e20210058. [PMID: 34812471 PMCID: PMC8609415 DOI: 10.1590/1678-4685-gmb-2021-0058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common malignant cancer affecting oral cavity. Recent studies have demonstrated that Ubiquitin-specific protease 7 (USP7) was upregulated in several types of cancers. USP7 expression was associated with various proto-oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes. However, USP7 expression level and its functional role in OSCC is unclear. In the current study, we showed that USP7 expression in OSCC tissues was generally upregulated compared to normal adjacent tissues by using IHC. Furthermore, statistical analysis uncovered that USP7 expression was positively correlated with Ki-67, MMP2, VEGF in OSCC tissues. Importantly, high USP7 expression was significantly correlated with lymph node metastasis and histological differentiation in OSCC patients. So, our hypothesis is that USP7 plays a tumor-promoting role in OSCC. Knocking down of USP7 in tumor cells not only suppressed HSC3 cells proliferation, migration and invasion, but also promoted cell apoptosis. Moreover, USP7 siRNA blocked the activation of Akt/ERK signaling pathway. In conclusion, data presented here suggests that USP7 promotes the progression of OSCC. USP7 may be used as a new therapeutic target for OSCC diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Yang
- Guilin Medical University, Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Microenvironmental Regulation, Guilin, Guangxi, China.,Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Department of Pathology, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Jiamin Jin
- Guilin Medical University, Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Microenvironmental Regulation, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Jinfeng Yang
- Guilin Medical University, Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Microenvironmental Regulation, Guilin, Guangxi, China.,Guilin Medical University, Department of Immunology, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Lihua Zhou
- Guilin Medical University, Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Microenvironmental Regulation, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Sisi Mi
- Guilin Medical University, Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Microenvironmental Regulation, Guilin, Guangxi, China
| | - Guangying Qi
- Guilin Medical University, Laboratory of Tumor Immunology and Microenvironmental Regulation, Guilin, Guangxi, China
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14
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Huang YT, Cheng AC, Tang HC, Huang GC, Cai L, Lin TH, Wu KJ, Tseng PH, Wang GG, Chen WY. USP7 facilitates SMAD3 autoregulation to repress cancer progression in p53-deficient lung cancer. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:880. [PMID: 34580281 PMCID: PMC8476631 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-04176-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2021] [Revised: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
USP7, one of the most abundant ubiquitin-specific proteases (USP), plays multifaceted roles in many cellular events, including oncogenic pathways. Accumulated studies have suggested that USP7, through modulating the MDM2/MDMX-p53 pathway, is a promising target for cancer treatment; however, little is known about the function of USP7 in p53-deficient tumors. Here we report that USP7 regulates the autoregulation of SMAD3, a key regulator of transforming growth factor β (TGFβ) signaling, that represses the cell progression of p53-deficient lung cancer. CRISPR/Cas9-mediated inactivation of USP7 in p53-deficient lung cancer H1299 line resulted in advanced cell proliferation in vitro and in xenograft tumor in vivo. Genome-wide analyses (ChIP-seq and RNA-seq) of USP7 KO H1299 cells reveal a dramatic reduction of SMAD3 autoregulation, including decreased gene expression and blunted function of associated super-enhancer (SE). Furthermore, biochemical assays show that SMAD3 is conjugated by mono-ubiquitin, which negatively regulates the DNA-binding function of SMAD3, in USP7 KO cells. In addition, cell-free and cell-based analyses further demonstrate that the deubiquitinase activity of USP7 mediates the removal of mono-ubiquitin from SMAD3 and facilitates the DNA-binding of SMAD3-SMAD4 dimer at SMAD3 locus, and thus enhance the autoregulation of SMAD3. Collectively, our study identified a novel mechanism by which USP7, through catalyzing the SMAD3 de-monoubiquitination, facilitates the positive autoregulation of SMAD3, and represses the cancer progression of p53-deficient lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Ting Huang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - An-Chieh Cheng
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Chi Tang
- Department of Life Sciences and Institute of Genome Sciences, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Guo-Cheng Huang
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Ling Cai
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Ta-Hsien Lin
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
- Basic Research Division, Medical Research Department, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Kou-Juey Wu
- Cancer Genome Research Center, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan, 333, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Hui Tseng
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan
| | - Greg G Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Wei-Yi Chen
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.
- Cancer Progression Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, 112, Taiwan.
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15
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Kisaï K, Koji S. Prognostic role of USP7 expression in cancer patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Pathol Res Pract 2021; 227:153621. [PMID: 34562828 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2021.153621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous studies have examined the prognostic value of ubiquitin-specific protease 7 (USP7) in cancer, but the results remain controversial. Differences in assessment assays (mRNA/protein) used could be a potential confounding factor. Thus, we extracted studies that measured the protein expression and performed a meta-analysis to assess the prognostic role of USP7 expression in cancer and to identify clinicopathological features associated with USP7 expression. METHODS PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science Core Collection, Wiley Online Library, and Google Scholar were searched from inception to July 2020. Pooled hazard ratios were calculated to evaluate the association between USP7 expression and overall survival (OS). In addition, pooled odds ratios were calculated to identify clinicopathological features associated with USP7 expression. RESULTS Eight studies in China were included in our meta-analysis, which had a total of 1192 patients and assessed five types of cancer. The pooled results revealed that a high expression of USP7 was associated with poor OS, especially in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC). Moreover, USP7 expression was increased in patients with tumour-node-metastasis (TNM) stages III-IV, poor pathological grade, and positive lymph node metastasis. For patients with EOC, a high USP7 expression positively correlated with lymph node metastasis. CONCLUSION A high USP7 expression may promote cancer progression and predict unfavourable prognosis of cancer patients, especially those with EOC. Our findings suggest that USP7 inhibitors might be promising therapeutics for cancer patients with such characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenta Kisaï
- College of Creative Studies, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-nino-cho, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan
| | - Shinsaku Koji
- College of Creative Studies, Niigata University, 8050 Ikarashi-nino-cho, Nishi-ku, Niigata 950-2181, Japan.
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16
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Pan T, Li X, Li Y, Tao Z, Yao H, Wu Y, Chen G, Zhang K, Zhou Y, Huang Y. USP7 inhibition induces apoptosis in glioblastoma by enhancing ubiquitination of ARF4. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:508. [PMID: 34556124 PMCID: PMC8461901 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02208-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Glioblastomas (GBMs) are grade IV central nervous system tumors characterized by a poor prognosis and a short median overall survival. Effective induction of GBM cell death is difficult because the GBM cell population is genetically unstable, resistant to chemotherapy and highly angiogenic. In recent studies, ubiquitin-specific protease 7 (USP7) is shown to scavenge ubiquitin from oncogenic protein substrates, so effective inhibition of USP7 may be a potential key treatment for GBM. Methods Immunohistochemistry and western blotting were used to detect the expression of USP7 in GBM tissues. In vitro apoptosis assay of USP7 inhibition was performed by western blotting, immunofluorescence, and flow cytometry. Anti-apoptotic substrates of USP7 were defined by Co-IP and TMT proteomics. Western blotting and IP were used to verify the relationship between USP7 and its substrate. In an in vivo experiment using an intracranial xenograft model in nude mice was constructed to assess the therapeutic effect of target USP7. Results Immunohistochemistry and western blotting confirmed that USP7 was significantly upregulated in glioblastoma samples. In in vitro experiments, inhibition of USP7 in GBM induced significant apoptosis. Co-IP and TMT proteomics identified a key anti-apoptotic substrate of USP7, ADP-ribosylation factor 4 (ARF4). Western blotting and IP confirmed that USP7 interacted directly with ARF4 and catalyzed the removal of the K48-linked polyubiquitinated chain that binded to ARF4. In addition, in vivo experiments revealed that USP7 inhibition significantly suppressed tumor growth and promoted the expression of apoptotic genes. Conclusions Targeted inhibition of USP7 enhances the ubiquitination of ARF4 and ultimately mediates the apoptosis of GBM cells. In a clinical sense, P5091 as a novel specific inhibitor of USP7 may be an effective approach for the treatment of GBM. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12935-021-02208-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingzheng Pan
- Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuetao Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated of Soochow University, Jiangsu, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanyan Li
- Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhennan Tao
- Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Yao
- Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Yue Wu
- Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Guangliang Chen
- Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Zhang
- Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, Suzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Youxin Zhou
- Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, Suzhou, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yulun Huang
- Neurosurgery & Brain and Nerve Research Laboratory, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu, Suzhou, People's Republic of China. .,Department of Neurosurgery, Dushu Lake Hospital Affiliated of Soochow University, Jiangsu, Suzhou, People's Republic of China.
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17
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Harakandi C, Nininahazwe L, Xu H, Liu B, He C, Zheng YC, Zhang H. Recent advances on the intervention sites targeting USP7-MDM2-p53 in cancer therapy. Bioorg Chem 2021; 116:105273. [PMID: 34474304 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2021.105273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
The ubiquitin-specific protease 7 (USP7)-murine double minute 2 (MDM2)-p53 network plays an important role in the regulation of p53, a tumor suppressor which plays critical roles in regulating cell growth, proliferation, cell cycle progression, apoptosis and immune response. The overexpression of USP7 and MDM2 in human cancers contributes to cancer initiation and progression, and their inhibition reactivates p53 signalings and causes cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Herein, the current state of pharmacological characterization, potential applications in cancer treatment and mechanism of action of small molecules used to target and inhibit MDM2 and USP7 proteins are highlighted, along with the outcomes in clinical and preclinical settings. Moreover, challenges and advantages of these strategies, as well as perspectives in USP7-MDM2-p53 field are analyzed in detail. The investigation and application of MDM2 and USP7 inhibitors will deepen our understanding of the function of USP7-MDM2-p53 network, and feed in the development of effective and safe cancer therapies where USP7-MDM2-p53 network is implicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chrisanta Harakandi
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New Drug R & D and Preclinical Safety, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Lauraine Nininahazwe
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New Drug R & D and Preclinical Safety, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Haiwei Xu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New Drug R & D and Preclinical Safety, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Bingrui Liu
- College of Public Health, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063503, China
| | - Chenghua He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yi-Chao Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New Drug R & D and Preclinical Safety, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Hang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Ministry of Education, Co-innovation Center of Henan Province for New Drug R & D and Preclinical Safety, and School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China.
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18
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Gao L, Zhu D, Wang Q, Bao Z, Yin S, Qiang H, Wieland H, Zhang J, Teichmann A, Jia J. Proteome Analysis of USP7 Substrates Revealed Its Role in Melanoma Through PI3K/Akt/FOXO and AMPK Pathways. Front Oncol 2021; 11:650165. [PMID: 33869052 PMCID: PMC8044529 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.650165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitin-specific protease 7 (USP7), as a deubiquitinating enzyme, plays an important role in tumor progression by various mechanisms and serves as a potential therapeutic target. However, the functional role of USP7 in melanoma remains elusive. Here, we found that USP7 is overexpressed in human melanoma by tissue microarray. We performed TMT-based quantitative proteomic analysis to evaluate the A375 human melanoma cells treated with siRNA of USP7. Our data revealed specific proteins as well as multiple pathways and processes that are impacted by USP7. We found that the phosphatidylinositol-3-kinases/Akt (PI3K-Akt), forkhead box O (FOXO), and AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathways may be closely related to USP7 expression in melanoma. Moreover, knockdown of USP7 in A375 cells, particularly USP7 knockout using CRISPR-Cas9, verified that USP7 regulates cell proliferation in vivo and in vitro. The results showed that inhibition of USP7 increases expression of the AMPK beta (PRKAB1), caspase 7(CASP7), and protein phosphatase 2 subunit B R3 isoform (PPP2R3A), while attenuating expression of C subunit of vacuolar ATPase (ATP6V0C), and peroxisomal biogenesis factor 11 beta (PEX11B). In summary, these findings reveal an important role of USP7 in regulating melanoma progression via PI3K/Akt/FOXO and AMPK signaling pathways and implicate USP7 as an attractive anticancer target for melanoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanyang Gao
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Gynaecology and Breast Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Danli Zhu
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Gynaecology and Breast Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Qin Wang
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Gynaecology and Breast Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Zheng Bao
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Gynaecology and Breast Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Shigang Yin
- Academician (Expert) Workstation of Sichuan Province, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory of Nervous System Disease and Brain Functions, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Huiyan Qiang
- Department of Outpatient, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Heinrich Wieland
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Gynaecology and Breast Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jinyue Zhang
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Gynaecology and Breast Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Alexander Teichmann
- Sichuan Provincial Center for Gynaecology and Breast Disease, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
| | - Jing Jia
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.,Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China
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19
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Cui L, Song W, Zeng Y, Wu Q, Fan Z, Huang T, Zeng B, Zhang M, Ni Q, Li Y, Wang T, Li D, Mao X, Lian T, Yang D, Yang M, Fan X. Deubiquitinase USP7 regulates Drosophila aging through ubiquitination and autophagy. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:23082-23095. [PMID: 33221768 PMCID: PMC7746378 DOI: 10.18632/aging.104067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Ubiquitination-mediated protein degradation is the selective degradation of diverse forms of damaged proteins that are tagged with ubiquitin, while deubiquitinating enzymes reverse ubiquitination-mediated protein degradation by removing the ubiquitin chain from the target protein. The interactions of ubiquitinating and deubiquitinating enzymes are required to maintain protein homeostasis. The ubiquitin-specific protease USP7 is a deubiquitinating enzyme that indirectly plays a role in repairing DNA damage and development. However, the mechanism of its participation in aging has not been fully explored. Regarding this issue, we found that USP7 was necessary to maintain the normal lifespan of Drosophila melanogaster, and knockdown of dusp7 shortened the lifespan and reduced the ability of Drosophila to cope with starvation, oxidative stress and heat stress. Furthermore, we showed that the ability of USP7 to regulate aging depends on the autophagy and ubiquitin signaling pathways. Furthermore, 2,5-dimethyl-celecoxib (DMC), a derivative of celecoxib, can partially restore the shortened lifespan and aberrant phenotypes caused by dusp7 knockdown. Our results suggest that USP7 is an important factor involved in the regulation of aging, and related components in this regulatory pathway may become new targets for anti-aging treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lang Cui
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Wenhao Song
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Yao Zeng
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Qi Wu
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Ziqiang Fan
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Tiantian Huang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China
| | - Bo Zeng
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China.,Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingwang Zhang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China.,Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Qingyong Ni
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China.,Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yan Li
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China.,Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China.,Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Diyan Li
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China.,Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xueping Mao
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China.,Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ting Lian
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China.,Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Deying Yang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China.,Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mingyao Yang
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China.,Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaolan Fan
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, P. R. China.,Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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20
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The emerging nature of Ubiquitin-specific protease 7 (USP7): a new target in cancer therapy. Drug Discov Today 2020; 26:490-502. [PMID: 33157193 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2020.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Human ubiquitin-specific protease 7 (USP7) is a deubiquitinating enzyme that removes the ubiquitin (Ub) protein and spares substrates from degradation. Given its regulation of proteins involved in several cellular processes, abnormal expression and activity of USP7 are associated with several types of disease, including cancer. In this review, we summarize the developments in our understanding of USP7 over the past 5 years, focusing on its role in related cancers. Furthermore, we discuss clinical studies of USP7, including in vivo and pharmacological studies, as well as the development of USP7 inhibitors. A comprehensive understanding of USP7 will expand our knowledge of the structure and function of USP7-mediated signaling and shed light on drug discovery for different diseases in which USP7 is implicated.
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21
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Sun T, Liu Z, Yang Q. The role of ubiquitination and deubiquitination in cancer metabolism. Mol Cancer 2020; 19:146. [PMID: 33004065 PMCID: PMC7529510 DOI: 10.1186/s12943-020-01262-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 188] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Metabolic reprogramming, including enhanced biosynthesis of macromolecules, altered energy metabolism, and maintenance of redox homeostasis, is considered a hallmark of cancer, sustaining cancer cell growth. Multiple signaling pathways, transcription factors and metabolic enzymes participate in the modulation of cancer metabolism and thus, metabolic reprogramming is a highly complex process. Recent studies have observed that ubiquitination and deubiquitination are involved in the regulation of metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells. As one of the most important type of post-translational modifications, ubiquitination is a multistep enzymatic process, involved in diverse cellular biological activities. Dysregulation of ubiquitination and deubiquitination contributes to various disease, including cancer. Here, we discuss the role of ubiquitination and deubiquitination in the regulation of cancer metabolism, which is aimed at highlighting the importance of this post-translational modification in metabolic reprogramming and supporting the development of new therapeutic approaches for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianshui Sun
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, China
| | - Zhuonan Liu
- Department of Urology, First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qing Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, No. 36, Sanhao Street, Heping District, Shenyang, 110004, China.
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22
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Nuclear expression of MDM2 in hibernoma: a potential diagnostic pitfall. Virchows Arch 2020; 478:527-534. [PMID: 32815035 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-020-02914-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Hibernoma is a rare benign adipocytic tumor composed of a proliferation of brown and white fat cells varying in their proportions. The tumor may also contain fat cells resembling lipoblasts, which makes it difficult to distinguish it from atypical lipomatous tumor/well differentiated liposarcoma (ALT/WDLS). Although nuclear expressions of murine double minute 2 (MDM2) and cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) are widely used as immunohistochemical surrogate markers for ALT/WDLS, the utility of these proteins in distinguishing between hibernoma and ALT/WDLS still remains to be elucidated. We evaluated immunohistochemical expressions of MDM2 and CDK4 in 10 hibernomas expressing uncoupling protein-1 (UCP-1), a mitochondrial protein transporter consistently expressed in brown fat cells, and lacking MDM2 gene amplification, which was analyzed by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). In contrast to the data previously obtained, nuclear expression of MDM2 was observed in 100% (10/10 cases) of the hibernomas irrespective of the proportion of brown fat cells, whereas no cases were positive for CDK4. The tumors also showed almost concurrent expression of p53 (in 9/10 cases) and ubiquitin-specific-processing protease 7 (USP7) (in 10/10 cases), which deubiquitinates and stabilizes MDM2, potentially resulting in its nuclear expression without MDM2 gene amplification. MDM2 expression may thus be a diagnostic pitfall for hibernoma particularly in differentiating it from ALT/WDLS.
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23
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Valles GJ, Bezsonova I, Woodgate R, Ashton NW. USP7 Is a Master Regulator of Genome Stability. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:717. [PMID: 32850836 PMCID: PMC7419626 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Genetic alterations, including DNA mutations and chromosomal abnormalities, are primary drivers of tumor formation and cancer progression. These alterations can endow cells with a selective growth advantage, enabling cancers to evade cell death, proliferation limits, and immune checkpoints, to metastasize throughout the body. Genetic alterations occur due to failures of the genome stability pathways. In many cancers, the rate of alteration is further accelerated by the deregulation of these processes. The deubiquitinating enzyme ubiquitin specific protease 7 (USP7) has recently emerged as a key regulator of ubiquitination in the genome stability pathways. USP7 is also deregulated in many cancer types, where deviances in USP7 protein levels are correlated with cancer progression. In this work, we review the increasingly evident role of USP7 in maintaining genome stability, the links between USP7 deregulation and cancer progression, as well as the rationale of targeting USP7 in cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabrielle J Valles
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, United States
| | - Irina Bezsonova
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, UConn Health, Farmington, CT, United States
| | - Roger Woodgate
- Laboratory of Genomic Integrity, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Nicholas W Ashton
- Laboratory of Genomic Integrity, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States
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24
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Qi SM, Cheng G, Cheng XD, Xu Z, Xu B, Zhang WD, Qin JJ. Targeting USP7-Mediated Deubiquitination of MDM2/MDMX-p53 Pathway for Cancer Therapy: Are We There Yet? Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:233. [PMID: 32300595 PMCID: PMC7142254 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The p53 tumor suppressor protein and its major negative regulators MDM2 and MDMX oncoproteins form the MDM2/MDMX-p53 circuitry, which plays critical roles in regulating cancer cell growth, proliferation, cell cycle progression, apoptosis, senescence, angiogenesis, and immune response. Recent studies have shown that the stabilities of p53, MDM2, and MDMX are tightly controlled by the ubiquitin-proteasome system. Ubiquitin specific protease 7 (USP7), one of the most studied deubiquitinating enzymes plays a crucial role in protecting MDM2 and MDMX from ubiquitination-mediated proteasomal degradation. USP7 is overexpressed in human cancers and contributes to cancer initiation and progression. USP7 inhibition promotes the degradation of MDM2 and MDMX, activates the p53 signaling, and causes cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, making USP7 a potential target for cancer therapy. Several small-molecule inhibitors of USP7 have been developed and shown promising efficacy in preclinical settings. In the present review, we focus on recent advances in the understanding of the USP7-MDM2/MDMX-p53 network in human cancers as well as the discovery and development of USP7 inhibitors for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Min Qi
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Gang Cheng
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiang-Dong Cheng
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiyuan Xu
- Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
| | - Beihua Xu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei-Dong Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Institute of Interdisciplinary Integrative Medicine Research, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiang-Jiang Qin
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China.,Institute of Cancer and Basic Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Cancer Hospital of the University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Hangzhou, China
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25
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Cheng CD, Dong YF, Niu WX, Niu CS. HAUSP promoted the growth of glioma cells in vitro and in vivo via stabilizing NANOG. Pathol Res Pract 2020; 216:152883. [PMID: 32088087 DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2020.152883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the role and mechanisms of HAUSP (Herpesvirus Associated Ubiquitin Specific Protease) and NANOG in pathogenesis of malignant human gliomas progression. METHODS Lentivirus-mediated HAUSP over-expression and RNAiHAUSP mediated HAUSP down-regulation were established in the glioma cells (U87 and U251 cell lines). Firstly, Real-time qPCR, western-blot (WB) and immunofluorescence staining were performed to detect mRNA levels, protein expressions and deposition of HAUSP and NANOG in the glioma cells, respectively. Then cell proliferation, invasion, apoptosis and xenograft tumor growth in nude mice were assessed by using cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, transwell assay, flow cytometry (FCM) and Hematoxylin-Eosin (HE) staining. RESULTS We first demonstrated HAUSP was significantly increased in lentivirus- mediated HAUSP over-expression cells compared to the Control group. HAUSP over-expression could upregulate genes involved in proliferation and invasion such as NANOG. However, the mRNA of NANOG had no significant changes. Similarly, in RNAiHAUSP mediated HAUSP down-regulation group, HAUSP were significantly decreased compared to the Control group. Simultaneously, NANOG protein were decreased significantly, which decreased the proliferation and invasion, increased the apoptosis rate of glioma cells. Finally, low expression of HAUSP could suppress xenograft tumors growth in nude mice in different periods. CONCLUSION This study revealed that HAUSP-NANOG pathway is a key target to inhibit glioma cells proliferation, and NANOG play important role in the formation and evolution of glioma cells. The regulation of HAUSP could change the biological activity of glioma cells through regulate NANOG expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan-Dong Cheng
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, PR China; University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230036, PR China; Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230036, PR China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Brain Disease, Hefei, Anhui 230031, PR China
| | - Yong-Fei Dong
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230036, PR China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Brain Disease, Hefei, Anhui 230031, PR China
| | - Wan-Xiang Niu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230036, PR China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Brain Disease, Hefei, Anhui 230031, PR China
| | - Chao-Shi Niu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230036, PR China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Brain Function and Brain Disease, Hefei, Anhui 230031, PR China.
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26
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Liu B, Chen J, Zhang S. Emerging role of ubiquitin-specific protease 14 in oncogenesis and development of tumor: Therapeutic implication. Life Sci 2019; 239:116875. [PMID: 31676235 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2019] [Revised: 09/11/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Ubiquitin (Ub) is a small protein that can be attached to substrate proteins to direct their degradation via the proteasome. Deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) reverse this process by removing ubiquitin from its substrate protein. Over the past few decades, ubiquitin-specific protease 14 (USP14), a member of the DUBs, has emerged as an important player in various types of cancers. In this article, we review and summarize biological function of USP14 in tumorigenesis and multiple signaling pathways. To determine its role in cancer, we analyzed USP14 gene expression across a panel of tumors, and discussed that it could serve as a novel bio-marker in several types of cancer. And recent contributions indicated that USP14 has been shown to act as a tumor-promoting gene via the AKT, NF-κB, MAPK pathways etc. Besides, drugs targeting USP14 have shown potential anti-tumor effect and clinical significance. We focus on recent studies that explore the link between USP14 and cancer, and further discuss USP14 as a novel target for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang Province, China; State Key Laboratory of Cellular Stress Biology, Innovation Center for Cell Signal Network, School of Life Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian, 361102, China
| | - Jiangping Chen
- School of International Studies, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Song Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, Zhejiang Province, China.
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27
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Wang Z, Kang W, You Y, Pang J, Ren H, Suo Z, Liu H, Zheng Y. USP7: Novel Drug Target in Cancer Therapy. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:427. [PMID: 31114498 PMCID: PMC6502913 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Accepted: 04/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Ubiquitin specific protease 7 (USP7) is one of the deubiquitinating enzymes (DUB) that erases ubiquitin and protects substrate protein from degradation. Full activity of USP7 requires the C-terminal Ub-like domains fold back onto the catalytic domain, allowing the remodeling of the active site to a catalytically competent state by the C-terminal peptide. Until now, numerous proteins have been identified as substrates of USP7, which play a key role in cell cycle, DNA repair, chromatin remodeling, and epigenetic regulation. Aberrant activation or overexpression of USP7 may promote oncogenesis and viral disease, making it a target for therapeutic intervention. Currently, several synthetic small molecules have been identified as inhibitors of USP7, and applied in the treatment of diverse diseases. Hence, USP7 may be a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiru Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhenghzou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Centre of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province, and Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Zhengzhou University, and Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou, China.,Pathology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Wenting Kang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhenghzou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Centre of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province, and Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Zhengzhou University, and Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yinghua You
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhenghzou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Centre of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province, and Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Zhengzhou University, and Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jingru Pang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhenghzou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Centre of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province, and Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Zhengzhou University, and Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Hongmei Ren
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhenghzou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Centre of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province, and Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Zhengzhou University, and Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhenhe Suo
- Pathology, Institute of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Hongmin Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhenghzou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Centre of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province, and Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Zhengzhou University, and Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yichao Zheng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhenghzou University, Zhengzhou, China.,Collaborative Innovation Centre of New Drug Research and Safety Evaluation, Henan Province, and Key Laboratory of Advanced Drug Preparation Technologies, Zhengzhou University, and Key Laboratory of Henan Province for Drug Quality and Evaluation, Ministry of Education of China, Zhengzhou, China
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28
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Li J, Han Y, Zhang H, Qian Z, Jia W, Gao Y, Zheng H, Li B. The m6A demethylase FTO promotes the growth of lung cancer cells by regulating the m6A level of USP7 mRNA. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2019; 512:479-485. [PMID: 30905413 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.03.093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Lung cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death in developed countries. Despite decades of intensive efforts to comate this malignant disease, the prognosis of lung cancer remains unfavorable and is especially poor in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, whether and how the m6A demethylase FTO functions in lung cancer cells remain unknown. Here in the present study, we show that FTO plays an oncogenic role in human NSCLC. FTO mRNA and protein levels were overexpressed in human NSCLC tissues and cell lines, which was associated with the reduced m6A content. We next knocked down FTO expression in human lung cancer cell lines with lentivirus-mediated shRNAs and the cellular proliferation assay demonstrated that FTO loss-of-function reduced the proliferation rate of cancer cells. FTO knockdown also inhibited the colony formation ability of lung cancer cells. Importantly, our xenograft experiment showed that FTO knockdown reduced lung cancer cells growth in vivo. Mechanism analysis demonstrated that FTO decreased the m6A level and increased mRNA stability of ubiquitin-specific protease (USP7), which was relied on the demethylase activity of FTO. USP7 mRNA level was overexpressed in human lung cancer tissues and USP7 expression was positively correlated with FTO mRNA level. Genetic knockdown or pharmacological inhibition (P5091 or P22027) of USP7 reduced the proliferation rate of lung cancer cells and decreased the capacity of colony formation of lung cancer cells in vitro, whereas lung cancer cells growth inhibition by FTO knockdown is restored by overexertion of USP7. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that the m6A demethylase FTO promotes the growth of NSCLC cells by increasing the expression of USP7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Li
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University and Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Yi Han
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University and Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Hongmei Zhang
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University and Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Zhe Qian
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University and Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Wenyun Jia
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University and Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University and Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Zheng
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University and Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, China
| | - Baolan Li
- Department of Oncology, Beijing Chest Hospital, Capital Medical University and Beijing Tuberculosis and Thoracic Tumor Research Institute, Beijing, China.
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29
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Rawat R, Starczynowski DT, Ntziachristos P. Nuclear deubiquitination in the spotlight: the multifaceted nature of USP7 biology in disease. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2019; 58:85-94. [PMID: 30897496 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2019.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2018] [Revised: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ubiquitination is a versatile and tightly regulated post-translational protein modification with many distinct outcomes affecting protein stability, localization, interactions, and activity. Ubiquitin chain linkages anchored on substrates can be further modified by additional post-translational modifications, including phosphorylation and SUMOylation. Deubiquitinases (DUBs) reverse these ubiquitin marks with matched levels of precision. Over hundred known DUBs regulate a wide variety of cellular events. In this review, we focus on ubiquitin-specific protease 7 (USP7, also known as herpesvirus-associated ubiquitin-specific protease, or HAUSP) as one of the best studied, disease-associated DUBs. By highlighting the functions of USP7, particularly in the nucleus, and the emergence of the newest generation of USP7 inhibitors, we illustrate the importance of individual DUBs in the nucleus, and the therapeutic prospects of DUB targeting in human disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radhika Rawat
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 E. Superior Street, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Daniel T Starczynowski
- Experimental Hematology and Cancer Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH; Department of Cancer Biology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Panagiotis Ntziachristos
- Simpson Querrey Center for Epigenetics; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL.
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30
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Georges A, Coyaud E, Marcon E, Greenblatt J, Raught B, Frappier L. USP7 Regulates Cytokinesis through FBXO38 and KIF20B. Sci Rep 2019; 9:2724. [PMID: 30804394 PMCID: PMC6389929 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39368-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The ubiquitin specific protease 7 (USP7 or HAUSP) is known to regulate a variety of cellular processes by binding and deubiquitylating specific target proteins. To gain a more comprehensive understanding of its interactions and functions, we used affinity purification coupled to mass spectrometry to profile USP7 interactions. This revealed a novel interaction with FBXO38, a poorly characterized F-box protein. We showed that USP7 stabilizes FBXO38 dependent on its catalytic activity by protecting FBXO38 from proteasomal degradation. We used a BioID approach to profile the protein interactions (and putative functions) of FBXO38, revealing an interaction with KIF20B, a Kinesin-6 protein required for efficient cytokinesis. FBXO38 was shown to function independently from an SCF complex to stabilize KIF20B. Consequently, depletion of either FBXO38 or USP7 led to dramatic decreases in KIF20B levels and KIF20B at the midbody, which were manifested in cytokinetic defects. Furthermore, cytokinetic defects associated with USP7 silencing were rescued by restoring FBXO38 or KIF20B. The results indicate a novel mechanism of regulating cytokinesis through USP7 and FBXO38.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Georges
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Etienne Coyaud
- The Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Edyta Marcon
- Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Jack Greenblatt
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.,Donnelly Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Brian Raught
- The Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 1L7, Canada.,Department of Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Lori Frappier
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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31
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Usp7 regulates Hippo pathway through deubiquitinating the transcriptional coactivator Yorkie. Nat Commun 2019; 10:411. [PMID: 30679505 PMCID: PMC6345853 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-08334-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2018] [Accepted: 01/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Hippo pathway plays an important role in organ development and adult tissue homeostasis, and its deregulation has been implicated in many cancers. The Hippo signaling relies on a core kinase cascade culminating in phosphorylation of the transcription coactivator Yorkie (Yki). Although Yki is the key effector of Hippo pathway, the regulation of its protein stability is still unclear. Here, we show that Hippo pathway attenuates the binding of a ubiquitin-specific protease Usp7 to Yki, which regulates Hippo signaling through deubiquitinating Yki. Furthermore, the mammalian homolog of Usp7, HAUSP plays a conserved role in regulating Hippo pathway by modulating Yap ubiquitination and degradation. Finally, we find that the expression of HAUSP is positively correlated with that of Yap, both showing upregulated levels in clinical hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) specimens. In summary, our findings demonstrate that Yki/Yap is stabilized by Usp7/HAUSP, and provide HAUSP as a potential therapeutic target for HCC. Hippo signaling leads to the phosphorylation of the key transcriptional effector, Yap/Yki, although how Yap/Yki stability is regulated has remained unclear. Here, Sun et al. identify HAUSP/Usp7 as a conserved and clinically relevant regulator of the Hippo pathway that increases Yap/Yki stability.
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32
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Hu T, Zhang J, Sha B, Li M, Wang L, Zhang Y, Liu X, Dong Z, Liu Z, Li P, Chen P. Targeting the overexpressed USP7 inhibits esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell growth by inducing NOXA-mediated apoptosis. Mol Carcinog 2018; 58:42-54. [PMID: 30182448 DOI: 10.1002/mc.22905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Increasing evidence suggests that deubiquitinase USP7 participates in tumor progression by various mechanisms and serves as a potential therapeutic target. However, its expression and role in esophageal cancer remains elusive; the anti-cancer effect by targeting USP7 still needs to be investigated. Here, we reported that USP7 was overexpressed in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) tissues compared with adjacent tissues, implying that USP7 was an attractive anticancer target of ESCC. Pharmaceutical or genetic inactivation of USP7 inhibited esophageal cancer cells growth in vitro and in vivo and induced apoptosis. Mechanistically, inhibition of USP7 accumulated poly-ubiquitinated proteins, activated endoplasmic reticulum stress, and increased expression of ATF4, which transcriptionally upregulated expression of NOXA and induced NOXA-mediated apoptosis. These results provide an evidence for clinical investigation of USP7 inhibitors for the treatment of ESCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Hu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University; Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan province for cancer chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jingyang Zhang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University; Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan province for cancer chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, China.,Department of Breast surgery, Breast Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Beibei Sha
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University; Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan province for cancer chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Miaomiao Li
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University; Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan province for cancer chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Longhao Wang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University; Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan province for cancer chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University; Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan province for cancer chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xingge Liu
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University; Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan province for cancer chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ziming Dong
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University; Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan province for cancer chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhenzhen Liu
- Department of Breast surgery, Breast Cancer Center, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Pei Li
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University; Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan province for cancer chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Ping Chen
- College of Basic Medical Sciences, Zhengzhou University; Collaborative Innovation Center of Henan province for cancer chemoprevention, Zhengzhou, China
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Emerging insights into HAUSP (USP7) in physiology, cancer and other diseases. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2018; 3:17. [PMID: 29967688 PMCID: PMC6023882 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-018-0012-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 02/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Herpesvirus-associated ubiquitin-specific protease (HAUSP) is a USP family deubiquitinase. HAUSP is a protein of immense biological importance as it is involved in several cellular processes, including host-virus interactions, oncogenesis and tumor suppression, DNA damage and repair processes, DNA dynamics and epigenetic modulations, regulation of gene expression and protein function, spatio-temporal distribution, and immune functions. Since its discovery in the late 1990s as a protein interacting with a herpes virus regulatory protein, extensive studies have assessed its complex roles in p53-MDM2-related networks, identified numerous additional interacting partners, and elucidated the different roles of HAUSP in the context of cancer, development, and metabolic and neurological pathologies. Recent analyses have provided new insights into its biochemical and functional dynamics. In this review, we provide a comprehensive account of our current knowledge about emerging insights into HAUSP in physiology and diseases, which shed light on fundamental biological questions and promise to provide a potential target for therapeutic intervention. Improved understandings of a molecular-tag-removing enzyme could lead to the development of therapies for many diseases. Dr. Mrinal K Ghosh of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology (CSIR-IICB) and colleagues reviewed 20 years of research on herpesvirus-associated ubiquitin-specific protease (HAUSP), involved in a wide range of cellular processes through its role in removing the ubiquitin from molecules, thus signaling their fate. It was first discovered in/as a herpes virus infected cells, ultimately enhancing infection. It was later found to have a wide range of functions depending on the molecules it interacts with under normal physiological and disease conditions. Targeting HAUSP with drugs shows promise for suppressing prostate, lung, colon, breast, blood, and other cancers. It could also impact treatment of neurological conditions such as Huntington’s disease, and metabolic disorders, such as diabetes.
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USP49 participates in the DNA damage response by forming a positive feedback loop with p53. Cell Death Dis 2018; 9:553. [PMID: 29748582 PMCID: PMC5945681 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-018-0475-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 02/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The p53 tumor suppressor is a critical factor in the DNA damage response (DDR), and regulation of p53 stability has a key role in this process. In our study, we identified USP49 as a novel deubiquitinase (DUB) for p53 from a library consisting of 80 DUBs and found that USP49 has a positive effect on p53 transcriptional activity and protein stability. Investigation of the mechanism revealed that USP49 interacts with the N terminus of p53 and suppresses several types of p53 ubiquitination. Furthermore, USP49 rendered HCT116 cells more sensitive to etoposide (Eto)-induced DNA damage and was upregulated in response to several types of cell stress, including DNA damage. Remarkably, USP49 expression was regulated by p53 and USP49 in knockout mice, which are more susceptible to azoxymethane/dextran sulfate sodium (AOM/DSS)-induced colon tumors. These findings suggest that USP49 has an important role in DDR and may act as a potential tumor suppressor by forming a positive feedback loop with p53.
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Abstract
More than a decade after a Nobel Prize was awarded for the discovery of the ubiquitin-proteasome system and clinical approval of proteasome and ubiquitin E3 ligase inhibitors, first-generation deubiquitylating enzyme (DUB) inhibitors are now approaching clinical trials. However, although our knowledge of the physiological and pathophysiological roles of DUBs has evolved tremendously, the clinical development of selective DUB inhibitors has been challenging. In this Review, we discuss these issues and highlight recent advances in our understanding of DUB enzymology and biology as well as technological improvements that have contributed to the current interest in DUBs as therapeutic targets in diseases ranging from oncology to neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanine A. Harrigan
- Mission Therapeutics Ltd, Moneta, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3AT UK
| | - Xavier Jacq
- Mission Therapeutics Ltd, Moneta, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3AT UK
| | - Niall M. Martin
- Mission Therapeutics Ltd, Moneta, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3AT UK
- Present Address: and Department of Biochemistry, The Wellcome Trust and Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, Tennis Court Road, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1QN UK
- Present address: Artios Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Maia, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK,
| | - Stephen P. Jackson
- Mission Therapeutics Ltd, Moneta, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge, CB22 3AT UK
- Present Address: and Department of Biochemistry, The Wellcome Trust and Cancer Research UK Gurdon Institute, Tennis Court Road, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 1QN UK
- Present address: Artios Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Maia, Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK,
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USP7-Specific Inhibitors Target and Modify the Enzyme's Active Site via Distinct Chemical Mechanisms. Cell Chem Biol 2017; 24:1501-1512.e5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chembiol.2017.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2016] [Revised: 06/24/2017] [Accepted: 09/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Tavana O, Gu W. Modulation of the p53/MDM2 interplay by HAUSP inhibitors. J Mol Cell Biol 2017; 9:45-52. [PMID: 27927749 DOI: 10.1093/jmcb/mjw049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
It is well established that both p53 and MDM2 are short-lived proteins whose stabilities are tightly controlled through ubiquitination-mediated degradation. Although numerous studies indicate that the MDM2 E3 ligase activity, as well as the protein-protein interaction between p53 and MDM2, is the major focus for this regulation, emerging evidence suggests that the deubiquitinase herpesvirus-associated ubiquitin-specific protease (HAUSP, also known as USP7) plays a critical role. Furthermore, HAUSP inhibition elevates p53 stability and might be beneficial for therapeutic purposes. In this review, we discuss the advances of this dynamic pathway and the contributions of positive and negative regulators affecting HAUSP activity. We also highlight the roles of HAUSP in cancer justifying the production of the first generation of HAUSP inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omid Tavana
- College of Physicians and Surgeons, Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.,Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Wei Gu
- College of Physicians and Surgeons, Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.,Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.,Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA
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Jiang L, Xiong J, Zhan J, Yuan F, Tang M, Zhang C, Cao Z, Chen Y, Lu X, Li Y, Wang H, Wang L, Wang J, Zhu WG, Wang H. Ubiquitin-specific peptidase 7 (USP7)-mediated deubiquitination of the histone deacetylase SIRT7 regulates gluconeogenesis. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:13296-13311. [PMID: 28655758 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m117.780130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sirtuin 7 (SIRT7), a member of the NAD+-dependent class III histone deacetylases, is involved in the regulation of various cellular processes and in resisting various stresses, such as hypoxia, low glucose levels, and DNA damage. Interestingly, SIRT7 is linked to the control of glycolysis, suggesting a role in glucose metabolism. Given the important roles of SIRT7, it is critical to clarify how SIRT7 activity is potentially regulated. It has been reported that some transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulatory mechanisms are involved. However, little is known how SIRT7 is regulated by the post-translational modifications. Here, we identified ubiquitin-specific peptidase 7 (USP7), a deubiquitinase, as a negative regulator of SIRT7. We showed that USP7 interacts with SIRT7 both in vitro and in vivo, and we further demonstrated that SIRT7 undergoes endogenous Lys-63-linked polyubiquitination, which is removed by USP7. Although the USP7-mediated deubiquitination of SIRT7 had no effect on its stability, the deubiquitination repressed its enzymatic activity. We also showed that USP7 coordinates with SIRT7 to regulate the expression of glucose-6-phosphatase catalytic subunit (G6PC), a gluconeogenic gene. USP7 depletion by RNA interference increased both G6PC expression and SIRT7 enzymatic activity. Moreover, SIRT7 targeted the G6PC promoter through the transcription factor ELK4 but not through forkhead box O1 (FoxO1). In summary, SIRT7 is a USP7 substrate and has a novel role as a regulator of gluconeogenesis. Our study may provide the basis for new clinical approaches to treat metabolic disorders related to glucose metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Jiang
- From the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Post-translational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Health Science Center
| | - Jiannan Xiong
- From the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Post-translational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Health Science Center
| | - Junsi Zhan
- From the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Post-translational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Health Science Center
| | - Fengjie Yuan
- From the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Post-translational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Health Science Center
| | - Ming Tang
- From the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Post-translational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Health Science Center
| | - Chaohua Zhang
- From the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Post-translational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Health Science Center
| | - Ziyang Cao
- From the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Post-translational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Health Science Center
| | - Yongcan Chen
- From the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Post-translational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Health Science Center
| | - Xiaopeng Lu
- From the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Post-translational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Health Science Center
| | - Yinglu Li
- From the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Post-translational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Health Science Center
| | - Hui Wang
- From the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Post-translational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Health Science Center
| | - Lina Wang
- From the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Post-translational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Health Science Center
| | - Jiadong Wang
- Institute of Systems Biomedicine, Department of Radiation Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191 and
| | - Wei-Guo Zhu
- From the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Post-translational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Health Science Center, .,Peking-Tsinghua University Center for Life Science, and.,the Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Haiying Wang
- From the Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education), Beijing Key Laboratory of Protein Post-translational Modifications and Cell Function, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Health Science Center,
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Zhan M, Sun X, Liu J, Li Y, Li Y, He X, Zhou Z, Lu L. Usp7 promotes medulloblastoma cell survival and metastasis by activating Shh pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2017; 484:429-434. [PMID: 28137592 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.01.144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The ubiquitin-specific protease Usp7 plays roles in multiple cellular processes through deubiquitinating and stabilizing numerous substrates, including P53, Pten and Gli. Aberrant Usp7 activity has been implicated in many disorders and tumorigenesis, making it as a potential target for therapeutic intervention. Although it is clear that Usp7 is involved in many types of cancer, its role in regulating medulloblastoma (MB) is still unknown. In this study, we show that knockdown of Usp7 inhibits the proliferation and migration of MB cells, while Usp7 overexpression exerts an opposite effect. Furthermore, we establish Usp7 knockout MB cell line using the CRISPR/Cas9 system and further confirm that Usp7 knockout also blocks MB cell proliferation and metastasis. In addition, we reveal that knockdown of Usp7 compromises Shh pathway activity and decrease Gli protein levels, while P53 level and P53 target gene expression have no obvious changes. Finally, we find that Usp7 inhibitors apparently inhibit MB cell viability and migration. Taken together, our findings suggest that Usp7 is important for MB cell proliferation and metastasis by activating Shh pathway, and is a putative therapeutic target for MBs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meixiao Zhan
- Department of Interventional Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Zhuhai Precision Medicine Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Jinan University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Xiaohan Sun
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shangdong, China
| | - Jinxiao Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shangdong, China
| | - Yan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shangdong, China
| | - Yong Li
- Department of Interventional Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Zhuhai Precision Medicine Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Jinan University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Xu He
- Zhuhai Precision Medicine Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Jinan University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Zizhang Zhou
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, Shangdong, China.
| | - Ligong Lu
- Department of Interventional Oncology, Guangdong Provincial Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China; Zhuhai Precision Medicine Center, Zhuhai People's Hospital, Jinan University, Zhuhai, China.
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40
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Fan J, Ning B, Lyon CJ, Hu TY. Circulating Peptidome and Tumor-Resident Proteolysis. PEPTIDOMICS OF CANCER-DERIVED ENZYME PRODUCTS 2017; 42:1-25. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.enz.2017.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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41
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Jin WL, Mao XY, Qiu GZ. Targeting Deubiquitinating Enzymes in Glioblastoma Multiforme: Expectations and Challenges. Med Res Rev 2016; 37:627-661. [PMID: 27775833 DOI: 10.1002/med.21421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2016] [Revised: 09/06/2016] [Accepted: 09/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is regarded as the most common primary intracranial neoplasm. Despite standard treatment with tumor resection and radiochemotherapy, the outcome remains gloomy. It is evident that a combination of oncogenic gain of function and tumor-suppressive loss of function has been attributed to glioma initiation and progression. The ubiquitin-proteasome system is a well-orchestrated system that controls the fate of most proteins by striking a dynamic balance between ubiquitination and deubiquitination of substrates, having a profound influence on the modulation of oncoproteins, tumor suppressors, and cellular signaling pathways. In recent years, deubiquitinating enzymes (DUBs) have emerged as potential anti-cancer targets due to their targeting several key proteins involved in the regulation of tumorigenesis, apoptosis, senescence, and autophagy. This review attempts to summarize recent studies of GBM-associated DUBs, their roles in various cellular processes, and discuss the relation between DUBs deregulation and gliomagenesis, especially how DUBs regulate glioma stem cells pluripotency, microenvironment, and resistance of radiation and chemotherapy through core stem-cell transcriptional factors. We also review recent achievements and progress in the development of potent and selective reversible inhibitors of DUBs, and attempted to find a potential GBM treatment by DUBs intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Lin Jin
- Institute of Nano Biomedicine and Engineering, Department of Instrument Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Thin Film and Microfabrication Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Electronic Information and Electronic Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China.,National Centers for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Yuan Mao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, 410008, P. R. China.,Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Hunan Key Laboratory of Pharmacogenetics, Central South University, Changsha, 410078, P. R. China
| | - Guan-Zhong Qiu
- Department of Neurosurgery, General Hospital of Jinan Military Command, Jinan, 250031, P. R. China
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42
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Di Lello P, Rougé L, Pan B, Maurer T. (1)H, (13)C and (15)N backbone resonance assignment for the 40.5 kDa catalytic domain of Ubiquitin Specific Protease 7 (USP7). BIOMOLECULAR NMR ASSIGNMENTS 2016; 10:345-349. [PMID: 27386854 DOI: 10.1007/s12104-016-9698-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 07/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The deubiquitinase Ubiquitin Specific Protease 7 (USP7) is part of the regulatory cascade of proteins that modulates the activity of the tumor suppressor protein p53. Deubiquitination of its target Murine Double Minute 2 (MDM2) leads to increased proteosomal degradation of p53. Consequently, USP7 has emerged as an attractive oncology target because its inhibition stabilizes p53, thereby promoting p53-dependent apoptosis in cancer cells. Here we report the backbone resonance assignment for the 40.5 kDa catalytic domain of USP7.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Di Lello
- Departments of Structural Biology, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA.
| | - Lionel Rougé
- Departments of Structural Biology, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Borlan Pan
- Departments of Structural Biology, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA
| | - Till Maurer
- Departments of Structural Biology, Genentech, South San Francisco, CA, 94080, USA.
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43
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FBXW7 and USP7 regulate CCDC6 turnover during the cell cycle and affect cancer drugs susceptibility in NSCLC. Oncotarget 2016; 6:12697-709. [PMID: 25885523 PMCID: PMC4494967 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.3708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2015] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
CCDC6 gene product is a pro-apoptotic protein substrate of ATM, whose loss or inactivation enhances tumour progression. In primary tumours, the impaired function of CCDC6 protein has been ascribed to CCDC6 rearrangements and to somatic mutations in several neoplasia. Recently, low levels of CCDC6 protein, in NSCLC, have been correlated with tumor prognosis. However, the mechanisms responsible for the variable levels of CCDC6 in primary tumors have not been described yet. We show that CCDC6 turnover is regulated in a cell cycle dependent manner. CCDC6 undergoes a cyclic variation in the phosphorylated status and in protein levels that peak at G2 and decrease in mitosis. The reduced stability of CCDC6 in the M phase is dependent on mitotic kinases and on degron motifs that are present in CCDC6 and direct the recruitment of CCDC6 to the FBXW7 E3 Ubl. The de-ubiquitinase enzyme USP7 appears responsible of the fine tuning of the CCDC6 stability, affecting cells behaviour and drug response. Thus, we propose that the amount of CCDC6 protein in primary tumors, as reported in lung, may depend on the impairment of the CCDC6 turnover due to altered protein-protein interaction and post-translational modifications and may be critical in optimizing personalized therapy.
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44
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Vijayakumaran R, Tan KH, Miranda PJ, Haupt S, Haupt Y. Regulation of Mutant p53 Protein Expression. Front Oncol 2015; 5:284. [PMID: 26734569 PMCID: PMC4681805 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2015.00284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 12/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
For several decades, p53 has been detected in cancer biopsies by virtue of its high protein expression level which is considered indicative of mutation. Surprisingly, however, mouse genetic studies revealed that mutant p53 is inherently labile, similar to its wild type (wt) counterpart. Consistently, in response to stress conditions, both wt and mutant p53 accumulate in cells. While wt p53 returns to basal level following recovery from stress, mutant p53 remains stable. In part, this can be explained in mutant p53-expressing cells by the lack of an auto-regulatory loop with Mdm2 and other negative regulators, which are pivotal for wt p53 regulation. Further, additional protective mechanisms are acquired by mutant p53, largely mediated by the co-chaperones and their paralogs, the stress-induced heat shock proteins. Consequently, mutant p53 is accumulated in cancer cells in response to chronic stress and this accumulation is critical for its oncogenic gain of functions (GOF). Building on the extensive knowledge regarding wt p53, the regulation of mutant p53 is unraveling. In this review, we describe the current understanding on the major levels at which mutant p53 is regulated. These include the regulation of p53 protein levels by microRNA and by enzymes controlling p53 proteasomal degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reshma Vijayakumaran
- Tumour Suppression Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre , Melbourne, VIC , Australia
| | - Kah Hin Tan
- Tumour Suppression Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre , Melbourne, VIC , Australia
| | | | - Sue Haupt
- Tumour Suppression Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre , Melbourne, VIC , Australia
| | - Ygal Haupt
- Tumour Suppression Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology and Department of Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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45
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Pozhidaeva AK, Mohni KN, Dhe-Paganon S, Arrowsmith CH, Weller SK, Korzhnev DM, Bezsonova I. Structural Characterization of Interaction between Human Ubiquitin-specific Protease 7 and Immediate-Early Protein ICP0 of Herpes Simplex Virus-1. J Biol Chem 2015. [PMID: 26224631 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.664805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Human ubiquitin-specific protease 7 (USP7) is a deubiquitinating enzyme that prevents protein degradation by removing polyubiquitin chains from its substrates. It regulates the stability of a number of human transcription factors and tumor suppressors and plays a critical role in the development of several types of cancer, including prostate and small cell lung cancer. In addition, human USP7 is targeted by several viruses of the Herpesviridae family and is required for effective herpesvirus infection. The USP7 C-terminal region (C-USP7) contains five ubiquitin-like domains (UBL1-5) that interact with several USP7 substrates. Although structures of the USP7 C terminus bound to its substrates could provide vital information for understanding USP7 substrate specificity, no such data has been available to date. In this work we have demonstrated that the USP7 ubiquitin-like domains can be studied in isolation by solution NMR spectroscopy, and we have determined the structure of the UBL1 domain. Furthermore, we have employed NMR and viral plaque assays to probe the interaction between the C-USP7 and HSV-1 immediate-early protein ICP0 (infected cell protein 0), which is essential for efficient lytic infection and virus reactivation from latency. We have shown that depletion of the USP7 in HFF-1 cells negatively affects the efficiency of HSV-1 lytic infection. We have also found that USP7 directly binds ICP0 via its C-terminal UBL1-2 domains and mapped the USP7-binding site for ICP0. Therefore, this study represents a first step toward understanding the molecular mechanism of C-USP7 specificity toward its substrates and may provide the basis for future development of novel antiviral and anticancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra K Pozhidaeva
- From the Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, Connecticut 06030
| | - Kareem N Mohni
- the Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37232
| | - Sirano Dhe-Paganon
- the Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, and
| | - Cheryl H Arrowsmith
- the Structural Genomics Consortium, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1L7, Canada
| | - Sandra K Weller
- From the Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, Connecticut 06030
| | - Dmitry M Korzhnev
- From the Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, Connecticut 06030
| | - Irina Bezsonova
- From the Department of Molecular Biology and Biophysics, University of Connecticut Health, Farmington, Connecticut 06030,
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46
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Chen ST, Okada M, Nakato R, Izumi K, Bando M, Shirahige K. The Deubiquitinating Enzyme USP7 Regulates Androgen Receptor Activity by Modulating Its Binding to Chromatin. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:21713-23. [PMID: 26175158 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m114.628255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The androgen receptor (AR), a nuclear receptor superfamily transcription factor, plays a key role in prostate cancer. AR signaling is the principal target for prostate cancer treatment, but current androgen-deprivation therapies cannot completely abolish AR signaling because of the heterogeneity of prostate cancers. Therefore, unraveling the mechanism of AR reactivation in androgen-depleted conditions can identify effective prostate cancer therapeutic targets. Increasing evidence indicates that AR activity is mediated by the interplay of modifying/demodifying enzymatic co-regulators. To better understand the mechanism of AR transcriptional activity regulation, we used antibodies against AR for affinity purification and identified the deubiquitinating enzyme ubiquitin-specific protease 7, USP7 as a novel AR co-regulator in prostate cancer cells. We showed that USP7 associates with AR in an androgen-dependent manner and mediates AR deubiquitination. Sequential ChIP assays indicated that USP7 forms a complex with AR on androgen-responsive elements of target genes upon stimulation with the androgen 5α-dihydrotestosterone. Further investigation indicated that USP7 is necessary to facilitate androgen-activated AR binding to chromatin. Transcriptome profile analysis of USP7-knockdown LNCaP cells also revealed the essential role of USP7 in the expression of a subset of androgen-responsive genes. Hence, inhibition of USP7 represents a compelling therapeutic strategy for the treatment of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Ting Chen
- From the Research Center for Epigenetic Disease, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0032 and
| | - Maiko Okada
- the Department of Translational Oncology, St. Marianna University Graduate School of Medicine, Kawasaki 216-8511, Japan
| | - Ryuichiro Nakato
- From the Research Center for Epigenetic Disease, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0032 and
| | - Kosuke Izumi
- From the Research Center for Epigenetic Disease, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0032 and
| | - Masashige Bando
- From the Research Center for Epigenetic Disease, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0032 and
| | - Katsuhiko Shirahige
- From the Research Center for Epigenetic Disease, Institute of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0032 and
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47
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Abstract
Deubiquitinases (DUBs) play important roles and therefore are potential drug targets in various diseases including cancer and neurodegeneration. In this review, we recapitulate structure-function studies of the most studied DUBs including USP7, USP22, CYLD, UCHL1, BAP1, A20, as well as ataxin 3 and connect them to regulatory mechanisms and their growing protein interaction networks. We then describe DUBs that have been associated with endocrine carcinogenesis with a focus on prostate, ovarian, and thyroid cancer, pheochromocytoma, and adrenocortical carcinoma. The goal is enhancing our understanding of the connection between dysregulated DUBs and cancer to permit the design of therapeutics and to establish biomarkers that could be used in diagnosis and prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland Pfoh
- Department of BiologyYork University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M3J1P3
| | - Ira Kay Lacdao
- Department of BiologyYork University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M3J1P3
| | - Vivian Saridakis
- Department of BiologyYork University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M3J1P3
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48
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USP7 overexpression predicts a poor prognosis in lung squamous cell carcinoma and large cell carcinoma. Tumour Biol 2014; 36:1721-9. [PMID: 25519684 PMCID: PMC4375295 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-014-2773-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 10/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
In non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), both USP7 expression and p53 gene status were reported to be an indicator of poor prognosis in adenocarcinoma patients; however, its roles and mechanisms in lung squamous cell carcinoma and large cell carcinoma need to be clarified. The USP7 expression was examined in NSCLC tumors (excluding adenocarcinoma), their corresponding non-tumorous tissues, and NSCLC cells. Then, the prognostic role of USP7 was analyzed in 110 NSCLC samples (excluding the adenocarcinoma). Finally, the roles and mechanisms of USP7 in the proliferation, metastasis, and invasion of a NSCLC cell were assessed using a specific vshRNA. The USP7 expression was higher in NSCLC tissues compared to non-tumorous samples, accordingly, the high level of USP7 was detected in NSCLC cell lines compared with HBE cell. After the USP7 downregulation, the H460 cells exhibited decreased metastasis/invasion in vitro and in vivo. The preliminary mechanism study indicated overexpression of USP7 might regulate the p53-MDM2 pathway by inducing the MDM2 de-ubiquitination and subsequent stabilization, which resulted in the upregulation of the Bad phosphorylation. Additionally, we also found that USP7 might induce cell epithelial-mesenchymal transition to enhance the cell invasive ability. Clinically, USP7 overexpression significantly correlated with malignant phenotype. Furthermore, the 5-year overall survival in patients with USP7(low) was higher than that of USP7(high). Multivariate analysis showed USP7 overexpression was an independent prognostic marker for these cancers. USP7 overexpression may regulate the survival and invasive properties of squamous cell carcinoma and large cell carcinoma cells, and may serve as a molecular target.
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49
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The deubiquitinating enzyme USP17 is associated with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) recurrence and metastasis. Oncotarget 2014; 4:1836-43. [PMID: 24123619 PMCID: PMC3858568 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.1282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
USP17 is a cell cycle regulated deubiquitinating enzyme that is highly expressed in tumor-derived cell lines and has an established role in cell proliferation and chemotaxis. This is the first study to examine the clinical significance of USP17 expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). USP17 was overexpressed in both squamous and adenocarcinoma NSCLC tissue. Patients with USP17 positive tumors had significantly reduced recurrence-free survival than patients with USP17 negative tumors. Moreover, USP17 was more highly expressed in patients with recurrence of disease at distant sites, suggesting that USP17 levels may correlate with NSCLC distant metastases. Overall, these findings establish USP17 as a potentially valuable novel biomarker for metastatic lung cancer.
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50
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Chen YS, Qiu XB. Ubiquitin at the crossroad of cell death and survival. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CANCER 2013; 32:640-7. [PMID: 23816559 PMCID: PMC3870847 DOI: 10.5732/cjc.012.10283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2012] [Revised: 02/20/2013] [Accepted: 03/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Ubiquitination is crucial for cellular processes, such as protein degradation, apoptosis, autophagy, and cell cycle progression. Dysregulation of the ubiquitination network accounts for the development of numerous diseases, including cancer. Thus, targeting ubiquitination is a promising strategy in cancer therapy. Both apoptosis and autophagy are involved in tumorigenesis and response to cancer therapy. Although both are categorized as types of cell death, autophagy is generally considered to have protective functions, including protecting cells from apoptosis under certain cellular stress conditions. This review highlights recent advances in understanding the regulation of apoptosis and autophagy by ubiquitination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Shan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Cell Proliferation and Regulation Biology, Ministry of Education, and College of Life Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, P. R. China.
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