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Mancarella D, Ellinghaus H, Sigismondo G, Veselinov O, Kühn A, Goyal A, Hartmann M, Fellenberg J, Krijgsveld J, Plass C, Popanda O, Schmezer P, Bakr A. Deposition of onco-histone H3.3-G34W leads to DNA repair deficiency and activates cGAS/STING-mediated immune responses. Int J Cancer 2024; 154:2106-2120. [PMID: 38353495 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.34883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Mutations in histone H3.3-encoding genes causing mutant histone tails are associated with specific cancers such as pediatric glioblastomas (H3.3-G34R/V) and giant cell tumor of the bone (H3.3-G34W). The mechanisms by which these mutations promote malignancy are not completely understood. Here we show that cells expressing H3.3-G34W exhibit DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) repair defects and increased cellular sensitivity to ionizing radiation (IR). Mechanistically, H3.3-G34W can be deposited to damaged chromatin, but in contrast to wild-type H3.3, does not interact with non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ) key effectors KU70/80 and XRCC4 leading to NHEJ deficiency. Together with defective cell cycle checkpoints reported previously, this DNA repair deficiency in H3.3-G34W cells led to accumulation of micronuclei and cytosolic DNA following IR, which subsequently led to activation of the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase/stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS/STING) pathway, thereby inducing release of immune-stimulatory cytokines. These findings suggest a potential for radiotherapy for tumors expressing H3.3-G34W, which can be further improved by combination with STING agonists to induce immune-mediated therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Mancarella
- Division of Cancer Epigenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Henrik Ellinghaus
- Division of Cancer Epigenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Gianluca Sigismondo
- Division of Proteomics of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), and Heidelberg University Medical Faculty, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Olivera Veselinov
- Division of Cancer Epigenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Alexander Kühn
- Division of Cancer Epigenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Faculty of Biosciences, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ashish Goyal
- Division of Cancer Epigenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Mark Hartmann
- Division of Cancer Epigenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Section Translational Cancer Epigenomics, Division of Translational Medical Oncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jörg Fellenberg
- Department of Experimental Orthopaedics, Orthopaedic University Hospital Heidelberg, Ruprecht Karl University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Jeroen Krijgsveld
- Division of Proteomics of Stem Cells and Cancer, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), and Heidelberg University Medical Faculty, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christoph Plass
- Division of Cancer Epigenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Odilia Popanda
- Division of Cancer Epigenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Peter Schmezer
- Division of Cancer Epigenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Ali Bakr
- Division of Cancer Epigenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
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2
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Gu X, Chen Y, Cao K, Tu M, Liu W, Ju J. Therapeutic landscape in systemic lupus erythematosus: mtDNA activation of the cGAS-STING pathway. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 133:112114. [PMID: 38652968 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.112114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/16/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) serves as a pivotal immune stimulus in the immune response. During stress, mitochondria release mtDNA into the cytoplasm, where it is recognized by the cytoplasmic DNA receptor cGAS. This activation initiates the cGAS-STING-IRF3 pathway, culminating in an inflammatory response. The cGAS-STING pathway has emerged as a critical mediator of inflammatory responses in microbial infections, stress, autoimmune diseases, chronic illnesses, and tissue injuries. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by connective tissue involvement across various bodily systems. Its hallmark is the production of numerous autoantibodies, which prompt the immune system to target and damage the body's own tissues, resulting in organ and tissue damage. Increasing evidence implicates the cGAS-STING pathway as a significant contributor to SLE pathogenesis. This article aims to explore the role of the mtDNA-triggered cGAS-STING pathway and its mechanisms in SLE, with the goal of providing novel insights for clinical interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaotian Gu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Yong Chen
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Kunyu Cao
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Miao Tu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China
| | - Wan Liu
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China.
| | - Jiyu Ju
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong Second Medical University, Weifang 261053, China.
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Eschbach JE, Puray-Chavez M, Mohammed S, Wang Q, Xia M, Huang LC, Shan L, Kutluay SB. HIV-1 capsid stability and reverse transcription are finely balanced to minimize sensing of reverse transcription products via the cGAS-STING pathway. mBio 2024; 15:e0034824. [PMID: 38530034 PMCID: PMC11077976 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00348-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
A critical determinant for early post-entry events, the HIV-1 capsid (CA) protein forms the conical core when it rearranges around the dimeric RNA genome and associated viral proteins. Although mutations in CA have been reported to alter innate immune sensing of HIV-1, a direct link between core stability and sensing of HIV-1 nucleic acids has not been established. Herein, we assessed how manipulating the stability of the CA lattice through chemical and genetic approaches affects innate immune recognition of HIV-1. We found that destabilization of the CA lattice resulted in potent sensing of reverse transcription products when destabilization per se does not completely block reverse transcription. Surprisingly, due to the combined effects of enhanced reverse transcription and defects in nuclear entry, two separate CA mutants that form hyperstable cores induced innate immune sensing more potently than destabilizing CA mutations. At low concentrations that allowed the accumulation of reverse transcription products, CA-targeting compounds GS-CA1 and lenacapavir measurably impacted CA lattice stability in cells and modestly enhanced innate immune sensing of HIV. Interestingly, innate immune activation observed with viruses containing unstable cores was abolished by low doses of lenacapavir. Innate immune activation observed with both hyperstable and unstable CA mutants was dependent on the cGAS-STING DNA-sensing pathway and reverse transcription. Overall, our findings demonstrate that CA lattice stability and reverse transcription are finely balanced to support reverse transcription and minimize cGAS-STING-mediated sensing of the resulting viral DNA. IMPORTANCE In HIV-1 particles, the dimeric RNA genome and associated viral proteins and enzymes are encased in a proteinaceous lattice composed of the viral capsid protein. Herein, we assessed how altering the stability of this capsid lattice through orthogonal genetic and chemical approaches impacts the induction of innate immune responses. Specifically, we found that decreasing capsid lattice stability results in more potent sensing of viral reverse transcription products, but not the genomic RNA, in a cGAS-STING-dependent manner. The recently developed capsid inhibitors lenacapavir and GS-CA1 enhanced the innate immune sensing of HIV-1. Unexpectedly, due to increased levels of reverse transcription and cytosolic accumulation of the resulting viral cDNA, capsid mutants with hyperstable cores also resulted in the potent induction of type I interferon-mediated innate immunity. Our findings suggest that HIV-1 capsid lattice stability and reverse transcription are finely balanced to minimize exposure of reverse transcription products in the cytosol of host cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna E. Eschbach
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Maritza Puray-Chavez
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Shawn Mohammed
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Qiankun Wang
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Ming Xia
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Lin-Chen Huang
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Liang Shan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
- Andrew M. and Jane M. Bursky Center for Human Immunology and Immunotherapy Programs, Washington University School of Medicine, Saint Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Sebla B. Kutluay
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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Yan Z, Xie J, Hou Z, Zhang Y, Yue J, Zhang X, Chen L, Yang Y, Li X, Li H, Feng R. Pseudorabies virus UL38 attenuates the cGAS-STING signaling pathway by recruiting Tollip to promote STING for autophagy degradation. Virol J 2024; 21:107. [PMID: 38720392 PMCID: PMC11080157 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-024-02379-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/01/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Natural immunity is the first defense line of the host immune system, which plays a significant role in combating foreign pathogenic microorganisms. The IFN-β (interferon-beta) signaling pathway, being a typical example of innate immunity, plays a vital function. This study aimed to elucidate the function of pseudorabies virus (PRV) UL38 protein (unique long region 38) in suppressing the activation of the IFN-β signaling pathway. The findings from our study indicate that the PRV UL38 protein effectively hampers the activation of IFN-β by poly (dA: dT) (poly(deoxyadenylic-deoxythymidylic)) and 2'3'-cGAMP (2'-3'-cyclic GMP-AMP). Furthermore, UL38 exhibits spatial co-localization with STING (stimulator of interferon genes) and effectively hinders STING dimerization. Subsequently, STING was downgraded to suppress the production of IFN-β and ISGs (interferon stimulated genes). Immunoprecipitation analysis revealed that the interaction between UL38 and STING, which subsequently initiated the degradation of STING via selective autophagy mediated by TOLLIP (toll interacting protein). To summarize, this research elucidates the function of UL38 in counteracting the cGAS (cGAMP synthase)-STING-induced IFN-β pathway. The PRV UL38 protein may attenuate the activation of IFN-β as a means of regulating the virus's persistence in the host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenfang Yan
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, No.1 Xibeixincun, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Jingying Xie
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, No.1 Xibeixincun, Lanzhou, 730030, China
- College of Life science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Zhengyang Hou
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, No.1 Xibeixincun, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Yaxin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, No.1 Xibeixincun, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Jiayu Yue
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, No.1 Xibeixincun, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Xiangbo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, No.1 Xibeixincun, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, No.1 Xibeixincun, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Yanmei Yang
- College of Life science and Engineering, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Xiangrong Li
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, No.1 Xibeixincun, Lanzhou, 730030, China
- Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Animal Cell, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Huixia Li
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, No.1 Xibeixincun, Lanzhou, 730030, China
- Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Animal Cell, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Ruofei Feng
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioengineering of State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, No.1 Xibeixincun, Lanzhou, 730030, China.
- Gansu Tech Innovation Center of Animal Cell, Biomedical Research Center, Northwest Minzu University, Lanzhou, 730030, China.
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Shah P, Hill R, Dion C, Clark SJ, Abakir A, Willems J, Arends MJ, Garaycoechea JI, Leitch HG, Reik W, Crossan GP. Primordial germ cell DNA demethylation and development require DNA translesion synthesis. Nat Commun 2024; 15:3734. [PMID: 38702312 PMCID: PMC11068800 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-47219-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Mutations in DNA damage response (DDR) factors are associated with human infertility, which affects up to 15% of the population. The DDR is required during germ cell development and meiosis. One pathway implicated in human fertility is DNA translesion synthesis (TLS), which allows replication impediments to be bypassed. We find that TLS is essential for pre-meiotic germ cell development in the embryo. Loss of the central TLS component, REV1, significantly inhibits the induction of human PGC-like cells (hPGCLCs). This is recapitulated in mice, where deficiencies in TLS initiation (Rev1-/- or PcnaK164R/K164R) or extension (Rev7 -/-) result in a > 150-fold reduction in the number of primordial germ cells (PGCs) and complete sterility. In contrast, the absence of TLS does not impact the growth, function, or homeostasis of somatic tissues. Surprisingly, we find a complete failure in both activation of the germ cell transcriptional program and in DNA demethylation, a critical step in germline epigenetic reprogramming. Our findings show that for normal fertility, DNA repair is required not only for meiotic recombination but for progression through the earliest stages of germ cell development in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranay Shah
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK.
| | - Ross Hill
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK
| | - Camille Dion
- MRC Laboratory of Medical Sciences, London, W12 0HS, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W12 0HS, UK
| | - Stephen J Clark
- Altos Labs, Cambridge, UK
- Epigenetics Programme, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Abdulkadir Abakir
- Altos Labs, Cambridge, UK
- Epigenetics Programme, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Jeroen Willems
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Juan I Garaycoechea
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Harry G Leitch
- MRC Laboratory of Medical Sciences, London, W12 0HS, UK
- Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, W12 0HS, UK
| | - Wolf Reik
- Altos Labs, Cambridge, UK
- Epigenetics Programme, The Babraham Institute, Cambridge, CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Gerry P Crossan
- MRC Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cambridge, CB2 0QH, UK.
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Chen RH. Keeping cGAS in check: SPSB3 promotes nuclear cGAS degradation for maintaining immune homeostasis. Mol Cell 2024; 84:1635-1636. [PMID: 38701740 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2024.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024]
Abstract
In a recent publication in Nature, Xu et al.1 discovered a role of CRL5-SPSB3 ubiquitin ligase in promoting ubiquitination and degradation of nuclear cGAS, which prevents aberrant cGAS activation by genomic DNA and contributes to the maintenance of immune homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruey-Hwa Chen
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan.
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Lai DC, Chaudhari J, Vu HLX. African swine fever virus early protein pI73R suppresses the type-I IFN promoter activities. Virus Res 2024; 343:199342. [PMID: 38408646 PMCID: PMC10918272 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2024.199342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
African swine fever virus is known to suppress type-I interferon (IFN) responses. The main objective of this study was to screen early-expressed viral genes for their ability to suppress IFN production. Out of 16 early genes examined, I73R exhibited robust suppression of cGAS-STING-induced IFN-β promoter activities, impeding the function of both IRF3 and NF-κB transcription factors. As a result, I73R obstructed IRF3 nuclear translocation following the treatment of cells with poly(dA:dT), a strong inducer of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway. Although the I73R protein exhibits structural homology with the Zα domain binding to the left-handed helical form of DNA known as Z-DNA, its ability to suppress cGAS-STING induction of IFN-β was independent of Z-DNA binding activity. Instead, the α3 and β1 domains of I73R played a significant role in suppressing cGAS-STING induction of IFN-β. These findings offer insights into the protein's functions and support its role as a virulence factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danh Cong Lai
- Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, United States
| | | | - Hiep L X Vu
- Nebraska Center for Virology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, United States; Department of Animal Science, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, United States.
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8
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Xie W, Zhang L, Shen J, Lai F, Han W, Liu X. Knockdown of CENPM activates cGAS-STING pathway to inhibit ovarian cancer by promoting pyroptosis. BMC Cancer 2024; 24:551. [PMID: 38693472 PMCID: PMC11064423 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-024-12296-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We aimed to screen novel gene signatures for ovarian cancer (OC) and explore the role of biomarkers in OC via regulating pyroptosis using bioinformatics analysis. METHODS Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of OC were screened from GSE12470 and GSE16709 datasets. Hub genes were determined from protein-protein interaction networks after bioinformatics analysis. The role of Centromeric protein M (CENPM) in OC was assessed by subcutaneous tumor experiment using hematoxylin-eosin and immunohistochemical staining. Tumor metastasis was evaluated by detecting epithelial-mesenchymal transition-related proteins. The proliferation, migration, and invasion were determined using cell counting kit and transwell assay. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was applied to measure inflammatory factors. The mRNA and protein expression were detected using real-time quantitative PCR and western blot. RESULTS We determined 9 hub genes (KIFC1, PCLAF, CDCA5, KNTC1, MCM3, OIP5, CENPM, KIF15, and ASF1B) with high prediction value for OC. In SKOV3 and A2780 cells, the expression levels of hub genes were significantly up-regulated, compared with normal ovarian cells. CENPM was selected as a key gene. Knockdown of CENPM suppressed proliferation, migration, and invasion of OC cells. Subcutaneous tumor experiment revealed that CENPM knockdown significantly suppressed tumor growth and metastasis. Additionally, pyroptosis was promoted in OC cells and xenograft tumors after CENPM knockdown. Furthermore, CENPM knockdown activated cGAS-STING pathway and the pathway inhibitor reversed the inhibitory effect of CENPM knockdown on viability, migration, and invasion of OC cells. CONCLUSION CENPM was a novel biomarker of OC, and knockdown of CENPM inhibited OC progression by promoting pyroptosis and activating cGAS-STING pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, No. 23, Qingnian Road, Zhanggong District, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, 341000, China
| | - Leiying Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, No. 23, Qingnian Road, Zhanggong District, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, 341000, China
| | - Junjing Shen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, No. 23, Qingnian Road, Zhanggong District, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, 341000, China
| | - Fengdi Lai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, No. 23, Qingnian Road, Zhanggong District, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, 341000, China
| | - Wenling Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, No. 23, Qingnian Road, Zhanggong District, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, 341000, China.
| | - Xiaoyan Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, No. 23, Qingnian Road, Zhanggong District, Ganzhou City, Jiangxi Province, 341000, China.
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9
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Wu G, Zhang Y, Niu L, Hu Y, Yang Y, Zhao Y. Interleukin-1β promotes human metapneumovirus replication via activating the cGAS-STING pathway. Virus Res 2024; 343:199344. [PMID: 38431054 PMCID: PMC10982080 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2024.199344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Human metapneumovirus(hMPV) is one of the most common viruses that cause acute lower respiratory tract infections. Interleukin-1β (IL-1β) has been reported to play an important role in multiple virus replication. Patients with hMPV infection have increased levels of IL-1β which reminds IL-1β is associated with hMPV infection. However, the mechanism by which IL-1β affects hMPV replication remains unclear. In this study, we explore the effect of IL-1β on hMPV replication and investigate its specific mechanism of action. METHODS We established an hMPV infection model through Human bronchial epithelial cells (16HBE). qRT-PCR and Western Blot were used to detect the expression levels of IL-1β, cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS), and interferon stimulating factor (STING). Regulating IL-1β expression by small interfering RNA (siRNA) or exogenous supplementary to study the influence of hMPV replication. The selective cGAS inhibitor RU.521, G150, and STING inhibitor H-151 were utilized to detect hMPV replication in 16HBE cells. RESULTS The level of IL-1β protein increased in a time-dependent and dose-dependent manner after hMPV infection. The mRNA and protein levels of cGAS and STING were significantly up-regulated. Knockdown of IL-1β could contribute to the decreased viral loads of hMPV. While the exogenous supplement of recombinant human IL-1β in cells, replication of hMPV was significantly increased. Additionally, the level of cGAS-STING protein expression would be affected by regulating IL-1β expression. Inhibitors of the cGAS-STING pathway led to a lower level of hMPV replication. CONCLUSION This study found that IL-1β could promote hMPV replication through the cGAS-STING pathway, which has the potential to serve as a candidate to fight against hMPV infection, targeting IL-1β may be an effective new strategy to restrain virus replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guojin Wu
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Metabolism and Inflammatory Diseases, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Yueyan Zhang
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Metabolism and Inflammatory Diseases, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Linlin Niu
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Metabolism and Inflammatory Diseases, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China
| | - Yuan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology on Infectious Diseases, Ministry of Education, Chongqing Medical University, China
| | - Yuting Yang
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Metabolism and Inflammatory Diseases, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China.
| | - Yao Zhao
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatric Metabolism and Inflammatory Diseases, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400014, China.
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10
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Xie F, Zhu Q. The regulation of cGAS-STING signaling by RNA virus-derived components. Virol J 2024; 21:101. [PMID: 38693578 PMCID: PMC11064393 DOI: 10.1186/s12985-024-02359-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024] Open
Abstract
The Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase-stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS-STING) serves as a key innate immune signaling axis involved in the regulation of various human diseases. It has been found that cGAS-STING pathway can recognize a variety of cytosolic double-stranded DNA (dsDNA), contributing to cause a robust type I interferon response thereby affecting the occurrence and progression of viral infection. Accumulating evidence indicates RNA virus-derived components play an important role in regulating cGAS-STING signaling, either as protective or pathogenic factors in the pathogenesis of diseases. Thus, a comprehensive understanding of the function of RNA virus-derived components in regulating cGAS-STING signaling will provide insights into developing novel therapies. Here, we review the existing literature on cGAS-STING pathway regulated by RNA virus-derived components to propose insights into pharmacologic strategies targeting the cGAS-STING pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feiting Xie
- Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Precision Diagnosis and Therapy for Major Gynecological Diseases, Women's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 310006, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Qiugang Zhu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shangyu People's Hospital of Shaoxing, Shaoxing, China
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11
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Li X, Pan YF, Chen YB, Wan QQ, Lin YK, Shang TY, Xu MY, Jiang TY, Pei MM, Tan YX, Dong LW, Wan XY. Arsenic trioxide augments immunogenic cell death and induces cGAS-STING-IFN pathway activation in hepatocellular carcinoma. Cell Death Dis 2024; 15:300. [PMID: 38684648 PMCID: PMC11058202 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-024-06685-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
The treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is particularly challenging due to the inherent tumoral heterogeneity and easy resistance towards chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Arsenic trioxide (ATO) has emerged as a cytotoxic agent effective for treating solid tumors, including advanced HCC. However, its effectiveness in HCC treatment remains limited, and the underlying mechanisms are still uncertain. Therefore, this study aimed to characterize the effects and mechanisms of ATO in HCC. By evaluating the susceptibilities of human and murine HCC cell lines to ATO treatment, we discovered that HCC cells exhibited a range of sensitivity to ATO treatment, highlighting their inherent heterogeneity. A gene signature comprising 265 genes was identified to distinguish ATO-sensitive from ATO-insensitive cells. According to this signature, HCC patients have also been classified and exhibited differential features of ATO response. Our results showed that ATO treatment induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and the activation of multiple cell death modalities, including necroptosis and ferroptosis, in ATO-sensitive HCC cells. Meanwhile, elevated tumoral immunogenicity was also observed in ATO-sensitive HCC cells. Similar effects were not observed in ATO-insensitive cells. We reported that ATO treatment induced mitochondrial injury and mtDNA release into the cytoplasm in ATO-sensitive HCC tumors. This subsequently activated the cGAS-STING-IFN axis, facilitating CD8+ T cell infiltration and activation. However, we found that the IFN pathway also induced tumoral PD-L1 expression, potentially antagonizing ATO-mediated immune attack. Additional anti-PD1 therapy promoted the anti-tumor response of ATO in ATO-sensitive HCC tumors. In summary, our data indicate that heterogeneous ATO responses exist in HCC tumors, and ATO treatment significantly induces immunogenic cell death (ICD) and activates the tumor-derived mtDNA-STING-IFN axis. These findings may offer a new perspective on the clinical treatment of HCC and warrant further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Li
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Fei Pan
- National Center for Liver Cancer, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi-Bin Chen
- National Center for Liver Cancer, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qian-Qian Wan
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yun-Kai Lin
- National Center for Liver Cancer, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tai-Yu Shang
- National Center for Liver Cancer, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng-You Xu
- National Center for Liver Cancer, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
- Peking University Cancer Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Tian-Yi Jiang
- National Center for Liver Cancer, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Meng-Miao Pei
- Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ye-Xiong Tan
- National Center for Liver Cancer, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Li-Wei Dong
- National Center for Liver Cancer, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Xu-Ying Wan
- Department of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China.
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12
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Peng Y, Yang Y, Li Y, Shi T, Xu N, Liu R, Luan Y, Yao Y, Yin C. Mitochondrial (mt)DNA-cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling promotes pyroptosis of macrophages via interferon regulatory factor (IRF)7/IRF3 activation to aggravate lung injury during severe acute pancreatitis. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2024; 29:61. [PMID: 38671352 PMCID: PMC11055249 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-024-00575-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Macrophage proinflammatory activation contributes to the pathology of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) and, simultaneously, macrophage functional changes, and increased pyroptosis/necrosis can further exacerbate the cellular immune suppression during the process of SAP, where cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) plays an important role. However, the function and mechanism of cGAS-STING in SAP-induced lung injury (LI) remains unknown. METHODS Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) was combined with caerulein-induced SAP in wild type, cGAS -/- and sting -/- mice. Primary macrophages were extracted via bronchoalveolar lavage and peritoneal lavage. Ana-1 cells were pretreated with LPS and stimulated with nigericin sodium salt to induce pyroptosis in vitro. RESULTS SAP triggered NOD-, LRR-, and pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation-mediated pyroptosis of alveolar and peritoneal macrophages in mouse model. Knockout of cGAS/STING could ameliorate NLRP3 activation and macrophage pyroptosis. In addition, mitochondrial (mt)DNA released from damaged mitochondria further induced macrophage STING activation in a cGAS- and dose-dependent manner. Upregulated STING signal can promote NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated macrophage pyroptosis and increase serum interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1β, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α levels and, thus, exacerbate SAP-associated LI (SAP-ALI). Downstream molecules of STING, IRF7, and IRF3 connect the mtDNA-cGAS-STING axis and the NLRP3-pyroptosis axis. CONCLUSIONS Negative regulation of any molecule in the mtDNA-cGAS-STING-IRF7/IRF3 pathway can affect the activation of NLRP3 inflammasomes, thereby reducing macrophage pyroptosis and improving SAP-ALI in mouse model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqiu Peng
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, No. 251 Yaojiayuan Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Yuxi Yang
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, No. 251 Yaojiayuan Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Yingying Li
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, No. 251 Yaojiayuan Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Tingjuan Shi
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, No. 251 Yaojiayuan Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Ning Xu
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, No. 251 Yaojiayuan Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Ruixia Liu
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, No. 251 Yaojiayuan Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Yingyi Luan
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, No. 251 Yaojiayuan Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100026, China.
| | - Yongming Yao
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division and Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, 100048, China.
| | - Chenghong Yin
- Department of Central Laboratory, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, No. 251 Yaojiayuan Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100026, China.
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13
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Castaño BA, Schorer S, Guo Y, Calzetta NL, Gottifredi V, Wiesmüller L, Biber S. The levels of p53 govern the hierarchy of DNA damage tolerance pathway usage. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52:3740-3760. [PMID: 38321962 PMCID: PMC11039994 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkae061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
It is well-established that, through canonical functions in transcription and DNA repair, the tumor suppressor p53 plays a central role in safeguarding cells from the consequences of DNA damage. Recent data retrieved in tumor and stem cells demonstrated that p53 also carries out non-canonical functions when interacting with the translesion synthesis (TLS) polymerase iota (POLι) at DNA replication forks. This protein complex triggers a DNA damage tolerance (DDT) mechanism controlling the DNA replication rate. Given that the levels of p53 trigger non-binary rheostat-like functions in response to stress or during differentiation, we explore the relevance of the p53 levels for its DDT functions at the fork. We show that subtle changes in p53 levels modulate the contribution of some DDT factors including POLι, POLη, POLζ, REV1, PCNA, PRIMPOL, HLTF and ZRANB3 to the DNA replication rate. Our results suggest that the levels of p53 are central to coordinate the balance between DDT pathways including (i) fork-deceleration by the ZRANB3-mediated fork reversal factor, (ii) POLι-p53-mediated fork-slowing, (iii) POLι- and POLη-mediated TLS and (iv) PRIMPOL-mediated fork-acceleration. Collectively, our study reveals the relevance of p53 protein levels for the DDT pathway choice in replicating cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan A Castaño
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ulm University, Ulm 89075, Germany
| | - Sabrina Schorer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ulm University, Ulm 89075, Germany
| | - Yitian Guo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ulm University, Ulm 89075, Germany
| | | | | | - Lisa Wiesmüller
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ulm University, Ulm 89075, Germany
| | - Stephanie Biber
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ulm University, Ulm 89075, Germany
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14
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Mizuguchi M, Kyan N, Nishimata S, Nabeshima Y, Obita T. Enzymatic activity of cGAS in the presence of three types of DNAs: limited cGAS stimulation by single-stranded HIV-1 SL2 DNA. Biosci Rep 2024; 44:BSR20240269. [PMID: 38530250 PMCID: PMC10994814 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20240269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS) is activated by binding to DNA. Activated cGAS produces 2'3'-cGAMP, which subsequently binds to the adaptor protein STING (stimulator of interferon genes). This interaction triggers the cGAS/STING signaling pathway, leading to the production of type I interferons. Three types of DNA, namely double-stranded DNA longer than 40 base pairs, a 70-nucleotide single-stranded HIV-1 DNA known as SL2, and Y-form DNA with unpaired guanosine trimers (G3 Y-form DNA), induce interferon production by activating cGAS/STING signaling. However, the extent of cGAS activation by each specific DNA type remains unclear. The comparison of cGAS stimulation by various DNAs is crucial for understanding the mechanisms underlying cGAS-mediated type I interferon production in the innate immune response. Here, we revealed that cGAS produces 2'3'-cGAMP at a significantly lower rate in the presence of single-stranded SL2 DNA than in the presence of double-stranded DNA or G3 Y-form DNA. Furthermore, the guanine-to-cytosine mutations and the deletion of unpaired guanosine trimers significantly reduced the 2'3'-cGAMP production rate and the binding of cGAS to Y-form DNA. These studies will provide new insights into the cGAS-mediated DNA-sensing in immune response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mineyuki Mizuguchi
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Niko Kyan
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Suzuka Nishimata
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Yuko Nabeshima
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Takayuki Obita
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
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15
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Chen S, Li J, Yan L, Zhang X, Huang J, Zhou P. Electroacupuncture alleviates the symptom of depression in mice by regulating the cGAS-STING-NLRP3 signaling. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:6731-6744. [PMID: 38643466 PMCID: PMC11087112 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the therapeutic effect of electroacupuncture (EA) on chronic and unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced depression in mice and the underlying mechanism. METHODS Male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into 6 groups: Control, CUMS, CUMS+EA-placebo, CUMS+EA, CUMS+ ad-NC, CUMS+ ad-cGAS-shRNA. CUMS was utilized to establish the depression model in mice. The behavioral changes were determined by the forced swimming, open field, and sucrose preference experiments. The pathological changes in the hippocampus tissue were evaluated by HE staining. The release of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, 5-HT, and NE in the hippocampus tissue was determined by ELISA. IBA-1 expression detected by the immunofluorescence was used to represent the activity of microglia. Western blot and RT-PCR were utilized to measure the expression of Bax, bcl-2, cGAS, STING, TBK1, IRF3, and NLRP3. RESULTS The depression behavior in CUMS mice was significantly alleviated by the treatment of EA and cGAS-shRNA, accompanied by ameliorated hippocampus pathological changes, declined production of TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, elevated secretion of 5-HT and NE, and inhibition on the activity of microglia. Furthermore, significantly elevated expression level of Bax, cGAS, STING, TBK1, IRF3, and NLRP3 and declined expression level of bcl-2 were observed in the CUMS+EA and CUMS+ ad-cGAS-shRNA groups. CONCLUSIONS EA significantly mitigated the symptom of depression in mice, which was closely associated with the repressed neuroinflammation, increased monoamine concentration, inactivated microglia, and inhibited cGAS-STING-NLRP3 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyun Chen
- Department of Acupuncture, Shenzhen Bao’an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Bao’an, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Department of Acupuncture, Shenzhen Bao’an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Bao’an, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Luda Yan
- Department of Acupuncture, Shenzhen Bao’an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Bao’an, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xianhao Zhang
- Department of Acupuncture, Shenzhen Bao’an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Bao’an, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jiesi Huang
- Department of Acupuncture, Shenzhen Bao’an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Bao’an, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Peng Zhou
- Department of Acupuncture, Shenzhen Bao’an Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Bao’an, Shenzhen, Guangdong Province, China
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16
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Meng JN, Xu ZK, Li PR, Zeng X, Liu Y, Xu ZL, Wang J, Ding Y, Shen X. Universal and Naked-Eye Diagnostic Platform for Emetic Bacillus cereus Based on RPA-Assisted CRISPR/Cas12a. J Agric Food Chem 2024; 72:8823-8830. [PMID: 38578074 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Emetic Bacillus cereus (B. cereus), which can cause emetic food poisoning and in some cases even fulminant liver failure and death, has aroused widespread concern. Herein, a universal and naked-eye diagnostic platform for emetic B. cereus based on recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA)-assisted CRISPR/Cas12a was developed by targeting the cereulide synthetase biosynthetic gene (cesB). The diagnostic platform enabled one-pot detection by adding components at the bottom and cap of the tube separately. The visual limit of detection of RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a for gDNA and cells of emetic B. cereus was 10-2 ng μL-1 and 102 CFU mL-1, respectively. Meanwhile, it maintained the same sensitivity in the rice, milk, and cooked meat samples even if the gDNA was extracted by simple boiling. The whole detection process can be finished within 40 min, and the single cell of emetic B. cereus was able to be recognized through enrichment for 2-5 h. The good specificity, high sensitivity, rapidity, and simplicity of the RPA-assisted CRISPR/Cas12a diagnostic platform made it serve as a potential tool for the on-site detection of emetic B. cereus in food matrices. In addition, the RPA-assisted CRISPR/Cas12a assay is the first application in emetic B. cereus detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Nan Meng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- College of Food Engineering, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou 233100, China
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ze-Ke Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Peng-Ru Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xi Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangzhou Institute of Food Inspection, Guangzhou 510410, China
| | - Yingju Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhen-Lin Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yu Ding
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xing Shen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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17
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Martínez-López MF, Muslin C, Kyriakidis NC. STINGing Defenses: Unmasking the Mechanisms of DNA Oncovirus-Mediated Immune Escape. Viruses 2024; 16:574. [PMID: 38675916 PMCID: PMC11054469 DOI: 10.3390/v16040574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
DNA oncoviruses represent an intriguing subject due to their involvement in oncogenesis. These viruses have evolved mechanisms to manipulate the host immune response, facilitating their persistence and actively contributing to carcinogenic processes. This paper describes the complex interactions between DNA oncoviruses and the innate immune system, with a particular emphasis on the cGAS-STING pathway. Exploring these interactions highlights that DNA oncoviruses strategically target and subvert this pathway, exploiting its vulnerabilities for their own survival and proliferation within the host. Understanding these interactions lays the foundation for identifying potential therapeutic interventions. Herein, we sought to contribute to the ongoing efforts in advancing our understanding of the innate immune system in oncoviral pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayra F Martínez-López
- Cancer Research Group (CRG), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de las Américas, Quito 170503, Ecuador
| | - Claire Muslin
- One Health Research Group, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad de las Américas, Quito 170503, Ecuador
| | - Nikolaos C Kyriakidis
- Cancer Research Group (CRG), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de las Américas, Quito 170503, Ecuador
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18
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Stolyarenko AD, Novikova AA, Shilkin ES, Poltorachenko VA, Makarova AV. The Catalytic Activity of Human REV1 on Undamaged and Damaged DNA. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4107. [PMID: 38612916 PMCID: PMC11012841 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25074107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Eukaryotic REV1 serves as a scaffold protein for the coordination of DNA polymerases during DNA translesion synthesis. Besides this structural role, REV1 is a Y-family DNA polymerase with its own distributive deoxycytidyl transferase activity. However, data about the accuracy and efficiency of DNA synthesis by REV1 in the literature are contrasting. Here, we expressed and purified the full-length human REV1 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae and characterized its activity on undamaged DNA and a wide range of damaged DNA templates. We demonstrated that REV1 carried out accurate synthesis opposite 8-oxoG and O6-meG with moderate efficiency. It also replicated thymine glycol surprisingly well in an error-prone manner, but was blocked by the intrastrand 1,2-GG cisplatin crosslink. By using the 1,N6-ethenoadenine and 7-deaza-adenine lesions, we have provided biochemical evidence of the importance for REV1 functioning of the Hoogsteen face of template A, the second preferable template after G.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia D. Stolyarenko
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 123182 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.N.); (E.S.S.); (V.A.P.)
- Institute of Gene Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna A. Novikova
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 123182 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.N.); (E.S.S.); (V.A.P.)
- Institute of Gene Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | - Evgeniy S. Shilkin
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 123182 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.N.); (E.S.S.); (V.A.P.)
- Institute of Gene Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Alena V. Makarova
- National Research Center “Kurchatov Institute”, 123182 Moscow, Russia; (A.A.N.); (E.S.S.); (V.A.P.)
- Institute of Gene Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, Russia
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19
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Tabar MMM, Fathi M, Kazemi F, Bazregari G, Ghasemian A. STING pathway as a cancer immunotherapy: Progress and challenges in activating anti-tumor immunity. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:487. [PMID: 38578532 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09418-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
The stimulator of the interferon genes (STING) signaling pathway plays a crucial role in innate immunity by detecting cytoplasmic DNA and initiating antiviral host defense mechanisms. The STING cascade is triggered when the enzyme cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) binds cytosolic DNA and synthesizes the secondary messenger cGAMP. cGAMP activates the endoplasmic reticulum adaptor STING, leading to the activation of kinases TBK1 and IRF3 that induce interferon production. Secreted interferons establish an antiviral state in infected and adjacent cells. Beyond infections, aberrant DNA in cancer cells can also activate the STING pathway. Preclinical studies have shown that pharmacological STING agonists like cyclic dinucleotides elicit antitumor immunity when administered intratumorally by provoking innate and adaptive immunity. Combining STING agonists with immune checkpoint inhibitors may improve outcomes by overcoming tumor immunosuppression. First-generation STING agonists encountered challenges like poor pharmacokinetics, limited tumor specificity, and systemic toxicity. The development of the next-generation STING-targeted drugs to realize the full potential of engaging this pathway for cancer treatment can be a solution to overcome the current challenges, but further studies are required to determine optimal applications and combination regimens for the clinic. Notably, the controlled activation of STING is needed to preclude adverse effects. This review explores the mechanisms and effects of STING activation, its role in cancer immunotherapy, and current challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mahnaz Fathi
- Department of Hematology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Kazemi
- Faculty of Medicine, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Ghazal Bazregari
- Department of Hematology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran
| | - Abdolmajid Ghasemian
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa, Iran.
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20
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Ma J, Xin Y, Wang Q, Ding L. Roles of cGAS-STING Pathway in Radiotherapy Combined with Immunotherapy for Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Mol Cancer Ther 2024; 23:447-453. [PMID: 38049087 DOI: 10.1158/1535-7163.mct-23-0373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/06/2023]
Abstract
Although great strides have been made in the management and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), its prognosis is still poor yielding a high mortality. Immunotherapy is recommended for treating advanced HCC, but its efficiency is hampered because of hepatic immunosuppression. Stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway, serving as a critical cytoplasmic DNA-sensing process, is reported to initiate the antitumor immune response, and link the innate immunity to the adaptive immune system. Radiotherapy has been well acknowledged to induce destruction and release of tumor-derived DNA into the cytoplasm, which then activates the cGAS-STING pathway. On this basis, radiotherapy can be used as a sensitizer for immunotherapy, and its combination with immunotherapy may bring in changes to the suboptimal efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitor monotherapy. In this review, we summarized the roles of cGAS-STING pathway in regulation of radiotherapy combined with immunotherapy for treating HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianing Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Yuning Xin
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
| | - Lijuan Ding
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Therapy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, P.R. China
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Hong W, Zhang Y, Wang S, Li Z, Zheng D, Hsu S, Zhou J, Fan J, Chen Z, Xia X, Zeng Z, Gao Q, Yu M, Du S. RECQL4 Inhibits Radiation-Induced Tumor Immune Awakening via Suppressing the cGAS-STING Pathway in Hepatocellular Carcinoma. Adv Sci (Weinh) 2024; 11:e2308009. [PMID: 38381090 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202308009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Many patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) respond poorly to radiotherapy despite remarkable advances in treatment. A deeper insight into the mechanism of sensitivity of HCC to this therapy is urgently required. It is demonstrated that RECQL4 is upregulated in the malignant cells of patients with HCC. Elevated RECQL4 levels reduce the sensitivity of HCC to radiotherapy by repairing radiation-induced double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) fragments. Mechanistically, the inhibitory effect of RECQL4 on radiotherapy is due to the reduced recruitment of dendritic cells and CD8+ T cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). RECQL4 disrupts the radiation-induced transformation of the TME into a tumoricidal niche by inhibiting the cGAS-STING pathway in dendritic cells. Knocking out STING in dendritic cells can block the impact of RECQL4 on HCC radiosensitivity. Notably, high RECQL4 expressions in HCC is significantly associated with poor prognosis in multiple independent cohorts. In conclusion, this study highlights how HCC-derived RECQL4 disrupts cGAS-STING pathway activation in dendritic cells through DNA repair, thus reducing the radiosensitivity of HCC. These findings provide new perspectives on the clinical treatment of HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weifeng Hong
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200000, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200000, China
| | - Siwei Wang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200000, China
| | - Zongjuan Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200000, China
| | - Danxue Zheng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200000, China
| | - Shujung Hsu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200000, China
| | - Jian Zhou
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200000, China
| | - Jia Fan
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200000, China
| | - Zhesheng Chen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences; Institute for Biotechnology, St. John's University, Queens, New York, NY10003, USA
| | - Xiaojun Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, Guangzhou, 510060, China
| | - Zhaochong Zeng
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200000, China
| | - Qiang Gao
- Department of Liver Surgery and Transplantation, and Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion (Ministry of Education), Liver Cancer Institute, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200000, China
| | - Min Yu
- Department of Pancreas Center, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 510000, China
| | - Shisuo Du
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Cancer Center, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200000, China
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Wang K, Wen Y, Fu X, Wei S, Liu S, Chen M. mtDNA regulates cGAS-STING signaling pathway in adenomyosis. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 216:80-88. [PMID: 38494142 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024]
Abstract
In various hyperproliferative disorders, damaged mitochondria can release mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) into the cytoplasm, activating the cGAS-STING signaling pathway and subsequent immune imbalances. Our previous research has demonstrated that hypoxia plays a role in the development of adenomyosis (AM) by inducing mitochondrial dysfunction. However, the precise involvement of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway and mtDNA in AM remains unclear. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the relationship between mtDNA secretion, changes in the cGAS-STING signaling pathway, and the abnormal cellular proliferation observed in AM. We found the cGAS, STING, TBK1, p-TBK1, IRF3, and p-IRF3 proteins levels were significantly elevated in the tissues of patients with AM compared to the control group. Additionally, there was an increase in the expression of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IFN-α in the AM tissues. Hypoxia-induced an increase in the proliferation and migration abilities of endometrial stromal cells (ESCs), accompanied by the activation of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway and elevated levels of IFN-α. Furthermore, hypoxia promoted the leakage of mtDNA into the cytoplasm in AM ESCs, and the deletion of mtDNA reduced the activation of the cGAS-STING pathway. Moreover, knockdown of the STING gene inhibited the expression of TBK1, p-TBK1, IRF3, and p-IRF3 and suppressed the secretion of the inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and IFN-α. Furthermore, the migration and invasion abilities of AM ESCs were significantly diminished after STING knockdown. These findings provide valuable insights into the role of mtDNA release and the cGAS-STING signaling pathway in the pathogenesis of AM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Wang
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yi Chang, 443000, China; College of Medicine and Health Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yi Chang, 443000, China
| | - Yi Wen
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610000, China; Department of Gynecology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Xianyun Fu
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yi Chang, 443000, China; College of Medicine and Health Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yi Chang, 443000, China.
| | - Shaobin Wei
- TCM Regulating Metabolic Diseases Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610000, China; Department of Gynecology, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610000, China.
| | - Shidan Liu
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yi Chang, 443000, China; College of Medicine and Health Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yi Chang, 443000, China
| | - Minmin Chen
- Third-grade Pharmacological Laboratory on Traditional Chinese Medicine, State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Three Gorges University, Yi Chang, 443000, China; College of Medicine and Health Sciences, China Three Gorges University, Yi Chang, 443000, China
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Liu X, Chen H, Ye G, Liu H, Feng C, Chen W, Hu L, Zhou Q, Zhang Z, Li J, Zhang X, He X, Guan Y, Wu Z, Zhao D, Bu Z, Weng C, Huang L. African swine fever virus pB318L, a trans-geranylgeranyl-diphosphate synthase, negatively regulates cGAS-STING and IFNAR-JAK-STAT signaling pathways. PLoS Pathog 2024; 20:e1012136. [PMID: 38620034 PMCID: PMC11018288 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1012136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
African swine fever (ASF) is an acute, hemorrhagic, and severe infectious disease caused by the ASF virus (ASFV). ASFV has evolved multiple strategies to escape host antiviral immune responses. Here, we reported that ASFV pB318L, a trans-geranylgeranyl-diphosphate synthase, reduced the expression of type I interferon (IFN-I) and IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). Mechanically, pB318L not only interacted with STING to reduce the translocation of STING from the endoplasmic reticulum to the Golgi apparatus but also interacted with IFN receptors to reduce the interaction of IFNAR1/TYK2 and IFNAR2/JAK1. Of note, ASFV with interruption of B318L gene (ASFV-intB318L) infected PAMs produces more IFN-I and ISGs than that in PAMs infected with its parental ASFV HLJ/18 at the late stage of infection. Consistently, the pathogenicity of ASFV-intB318L is attenuated in piglets compared with its parental virus. Taken together, our data reveal that B318L gene may partially affect ASFV pathogenicity by reducing the production of IFN-I and ISGs. This study provides a clue to design antiviral agents or live attenuated vaccines to prevent and control ASF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Liu
- National African Swine Fever Para-reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Hefeng Chen
- National African Swine Fever Para-reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Guangqiang Ye
- National African Swine Fever Para-reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Hongyang Liu
- National African Swine Fever Para-reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Chunying Feng
- National African Swine Fever Para-reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Weiye Chen
- National African Swine Fever Para-reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Liang Hu
- National African Swine Fever Para-reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Qiongqiong Zhou
- National African Swine Fever Para-reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Zhaoxia Zhang
- National African Swine Fever Para-reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Immunology, Harbin, China
| | - Jiangnan Li
- National African Swine Fever Para-reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Immunology, Harbin, China
| | - Xianfeng Zhang
- National African Swine Fever Para-reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Xijun He
- National African Swine Fever Para-reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Yuntao Guan
- National African Swine Fever Para-reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Zhengshuang Wu
- National African Swine Fever Para-reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Dongming Zhao
- National African Swine Fever Para-reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Zhigao Bu
- National African Swine Fever Para-reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
| | - Changjiang Weng
- National African Swine Fever Para-reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Immunology, Harbin, China
| | - Li Huang
- National African Swine Fever Para-reference Laboratory, State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Harbin Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Harbin, China
- Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Immunology, Harbin, China
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Sato Y, Hayashi MT. Micronucleus is not a potent inducer of the cGAS/STING pathway. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202302424. [PMID: 38307626 PMCID: PMC10837050 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Micronuclei (MN) have been associated with the innate immune response. The abrupt rupture of MN membranes results in the accumulation of cGAS, potentially activating STING and downstream interferon-responsive genes. However, direct evidence connecting MN and cGAS activation has been lacking. We have developed the FuVis2 reporter system, which enables the visualization of the cell nucleus carrying a single sister chromatid fusion and, consequently, MN. Using this FuVis2 reporter equipped with cGAS and STING reporters, we rigorously assessed the potency of cGAS activation by MN in individual living cells. Our findings reveal that cGAS localization to membrane-ruptured MN during interphase is infrequent, with cGAS primarily capturing MN during mitosis and remaining bound to cytosolic chromatin. We found that cGAS accumulation during mitosis neither activates STING in the subsequent interphase nor triggers the interferon response. Gamma-ray irradiation activates STING independently of MN formation and cGAS localization to MN. These results suggest that cGAS accumulation in cytosolic MN is not a robust indicator of its activation and that MN are not the primary trigger of the cGAS/STING pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Sato
- https://ror.org/02kpeqv85 Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- https://ror.org/02kpeqv85 IFOM-KU Joint Research Laboratory, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Makoto T Hayashi
- https://ror.org/02kpeqv85 IFOM-KU Joint Research Laboratory, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
- IFOM ETS, the AIRC Institute of Molecular Oncology, Milan, Italy
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Yoo M, Haydak JC, Azeloglu EU, Lee K, Gusella GL. cGAS Activation Accelerates the Progression of Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease. J Am Soc Nephrol 2024; 35:466-482. [PMID: 38247039 PMCID: PMC11000720 DOI: 10.1681/asn.0000000000000305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT The renal immune infiltrate observed in autosomal polycystic kidney disease contributes to the evolution of the disease. Elucidating the cellular mechanisms underlying the inflammatory response could help devise new therapeutic strategies. Here, we provide evidence for a mechanistic link between the deficiency polycystin-1 and mitochondrial homeostasis and the activation of the cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase (cGAS)/stimulator of the interferon genes (STING) pathway. Our data identify cGAS as an important mediator of renal cystogenesis and suggest that its inhibition may be useful to slow down the disease progression. BACKGROUND Immune cells significantly contribute to the progression of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD), the most common genetic disorder of the kidney caused by the dysregulation of the Pkd1 or Pkd2 genes. However, the mechanisms triggering the immune cells recruitment and activation are undefined. METHODS Immortalized murine collecting duct cell lines were used to dissect the molecular mechanism of cyclic guanosine monophosphate-adenosine monophosphate synthase (cGAS) activation in the context of genotoxic stress induced by Pkd1 ablation. We used conditional Pkd1 and knockout cGas-/- genetic mouse models to confirm the role of cGAS/stimulator of the interferon genes (STING) pathway activation on the course of renal cystogenesis. RESULTS We show that Pkd1 -deficient renal tubular cells express high levels of cGAS, the main cellular sensor of cytosolic nucleic acid and a potent stimulator of proinflammatory cytokines. Loss of Pkd1 directly affects cGAS expression and nuclear translocation, as well as activation of the cGAS/STING pathway, which is reversed by cGAS knockdown or functional pharmacological inhibition. These events are tightly linked to the loss of mitochondrial structure integrity and genotoxic stress caused by Pkd1 depletion because they can be reverted by the potent antioxidant mitoquinone or by the re-expression of the polycystin-1 carboxyl terminal tail. The genetic inactivation of cGAS in a rapidly progressing ADPKD mouse model significantly reduces cystogenesis and preserves normal organ function. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicate that the activation of the cGAS/STING pathway contributes to ADPKD cystogenesis through the control of the immune response associated with the loss of Pkd1 and suggest that targeting this pathway may slow disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miran Yoo
- Division of Nephrology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York
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Mesquita SG, Gadd G, Coelho FS, Cieplinski A, Emery A, Lugli EB, Simões TC, Fonseca CT, Caldeira RL, Webster B. Laboratory and field validation of the recombinase polymerase amplification assay targeting the Schistosoma mansoni mitochondrial minisatellite region (SmMIT-RPA) for snail xenomonitoring for schistosomiasis. Int J Parasitol 2024; 54:247-256. [PMID: 38311021 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpara.2024.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Improvements in diagnostics for schistosomiasis in both humans and snail hosts are priorities to be able to reach the World Health Organization (WHO) goal of eliminating the disease as a public health problem by 2030. In this context, molecular isothermal amplification tests, such as Recombinase Polymerase Amplification (RPA), are promising for use in endemic areas at the point-of-need for their accuracy, robustness, simplicity, and time-effectiveness. The developed recombinase polymerase amplification assay targeting the Schistosoma mansoni mitochondrial minisatellite region (SmMIT-RPA) was used to detect S. mansoni DNA from both laboratory and field Biomphalaria snails. Laboratory snails were experimentally infected and used at one, seven, and 28 days post-exposure (dpe) to 10 S. mansoni miracidia to provide samples in the early pre-patent infection stage. Field samples of Biomphalaria spp. were collected from the Mucuri Valley and Jequitinhonha Valley regions in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, which are endemic for S. mansoni. The sensitivity and specificity of the SmMIT-RPA assay were analysed and compared with existing loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), PCR-based methods, parasitological examination of the snails, and nucleotide sequencing. The SmMIT-RPA assay was able to detect S. mansoni DNA in the experimentally infected Biomphalaria glabrata as early as one dpe to 10 miracidia. It also detected S. mansoni infections (55.5% prevalence) in the field samples with the highest accuracy (100% sensitivity and specificity) compared with the other molecular tests used as the reference. Results from this study indicate that the SmMIT-RPA assay is a good alternative test to be used for snail xenomonitoring of S. mansoni due to its high sensitivity, accuracy, and the possibility of detecting early pre-patent infection. Its simplicity and portability also make it a suitable methodology in low-resource settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Gonçalves Mesquita
- Department of Science, Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom; Grupo de Pesquisa em Helmintologia e Malacologia Médica, Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil.
| | - Grace Gadd
- Department of Science, Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom; Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Fernanda Sales Coelho
- Department of Science, Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom; Department of Clinical Research, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Adam Cieplinski
- Department of Science, Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom
| | - Aidan Emery
- Department of Science, Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom
| | | | - Taynãna César Simões
- Núcleo de Estudos em Saúde Pública e Envelhecimento, Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Cristina Toscano Fonseca
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Biologia e Imunologia Parasitária, Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Roberta Lima Caldeira
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Helmintologia e Malacologia Médica, Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil
| | - Bonnie Webster
- Department of Science, Natural History Museum, London, United Kingdom.
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Tan X, Chen Q, Chen Z, Sun Z, Chen W, Wei R. Mitochondrial DNA-Activated cGAS-STING Signaling in Environmental Dry Eye. Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2024; 65:33. [PMID: 38648040 PMCID: PMC11044830 DOI: 10.1167/iovs.65.4.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose The cGAS-STING pathway has been shown to be an important mediator of inflammation. There is emerging evidence of the importance of this signaling cascade in a variety of inflammatory diseases settings. Here, we present evidence that the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage-mediated cGAS-STING pathway plays an important role in the induction of inflammation in environmental dry eye (DE). Methods RT-qPCR and Western blot were used to assess the induction of the cGAS-STING pathway and inflammatory cytokines in environmental DE mouse model, primary human corneal epithelial cells (pHCECs), and patients with DE. RNA sequencing was used to determine mRNA expression patterns of high osmotic pressure (HOP)-stimulated pHCECs. mtDNA was detected with electron microscopy, flow cytometry, and immunofluorescent staining. mtDNA was isolated and transfected into pHCECs for evaluating the activation of the cGAS-STING pathway. Results The expression levels of cGAS, STING, TBK1, IRF3, and IFNβ were significantly increased in an environmental DE model and HOP-stimulated pHCECs. The STING inhibitor decreased the expression of inflammatory factors in DE. An upregulation of STING-mediated immune responses and IRF3 expression mediated by TBK1 were observed in the HOP group. HOP stimulation induced mitochondrial oxidative damage and the leakage of mtDNA into the cytoplasm. Then, mtDNA activated the cGAS-STING pathway and induced intracytoplasmic STING translocated to the Golgi apparatus. Finally, we also found activated cGAS-STING signaling in the human conjunctival blot cell of patients with DE. Conclusions Our findings suggest that the cGAS-STING pathway is activated by recognizing cytoplasmic mtDNA leading to STING translocation, further exacerbating the development of inflammation in environmental DE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiying Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qianqian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhonghua Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhenzhen Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ruifen Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Optometry and Vision Science, Eye Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Matsuishi A, Nakajima S, Kaneta A, Saito K, Fukai S, Sakuma M, Tsumuraya H, Okayama H, Saito M, Mimura K, Nirei A, Kikuchi T, Hanayama H, Saze Z, Sakamoto W, Momma T, Kono K. The tumor cell-intrinsic cGAS-STING pathway is associated with the high density of CD8 + T cells after chemotherapy in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. Esophagus 2024; 21:165-175. [PMID: 38324215 DOI: 10.1007/s10388-024-01044-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chemotherapy has the potential to induce CD8+ T-cell infiltration in the tumor microenvironment (TME) and activate the anti-tumor immune response in several cancers including esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). The tumor cell-intrinsic cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway has been known as a critical component for regulating immune cell activation in the TME. However, its effect on the infiltration of immune cells induced by chemotherapy in the ESCC TME has not been investigated. METHODS We examined the effect of the tumor-cell intrinsic cGAS-STING pathway on the infiltration of CD8+ T cells induced by chemotherapy in ESCC using ESCC cell lines and surgically resected ESCC specimens from patients who received neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). RESULTS We found that chemotherapeutic agents, including 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) and cisplatin (CDDP), activated the cGAS-STING pathway, consequently inducing the expression of type I interferon and T-cell-attracting chemokines in ESCC cells. Moreover, the tumor cell-intrinsic expression of cGAS-STING was significantly and positively associated with the density of CD8+ T cells in ESCC after NAC. However, the tumor cell-intrinsic expression of cGAS-STING did not significantly impact clinical outcomes in patients with ESCC after NAC. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that the tumor cell-intrinsic cGAS-STING pathway might contribute to chemotherapy-induced immune cell activation in the ESCC TME.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akira Matsuishi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Shotaro Nakajima
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan.
- Department of Multidisciplinary Treatment of Cancer and Regional Medical Support, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan.
| | - Akinao Kaneta
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Katsuharu Saito
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Satoshi Fukai
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Mei Sakuma
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hideaki Tsumuraya
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hirokazu Okayama
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Motonobu Saito
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Kosaku Mimura
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
- Department of Blood Transfusion and Transplantation Immunology, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Azuma Nirei
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Kikuchi
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Hanayama
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Zenichiro Saze
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Wataru Sakamoto
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Momma
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
| | - Koji Kono
- Department of Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, Japan
- Department of Multidisciplinary Treatment of Cancer and Regional Medical Support, Fukushima Medical University School of Medicine, Fukushima, 960-1295, Japan
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Sun X, Liu L, Wu C, Li X, Guo J, Zhang J, Guan J, Wang N, Gu L, Yang XW, Li GM. Mutant huntingtin protein induces MLH1 degradation, DNA hyperexcision, and cGAS-STING-dependent apoptosis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2313652121. [PMID: 38498709 PMCID: PMC10990133 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2313652121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Huntington's disease (HD) is an inherited neurodegenerative disorder caused by an expanded CAG repeat in the huntingtin (HTT) gene. The repeat-expanded HTT encodes a mutated HTT (mHTT), which is known to induce DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs), activation of the cGAS-STING pathway, and apoptosis in HD. However, the mechanism by which mHTT triggers these events is unknown. Here, we show that HTT interacts with both exonuclease 1 (Exo1) and MutLα (MLH1-PMS2), a negative regulator of Exo1. While the HTT-Exo1 interaction suppresses the Exo1-catalyzed DNA end resection during DSB repair, the HTT-MutLα interaction functions to stabilize MLH1. However, mHTT displays a significantly reduced interaction with Exo1 or MutLα, thereby losing the ability to regulate Exo1. Thus, cells expressing mHTT exhibit rapid MLH1 degradation and hyperactive DNA excision, which causes severe DNA damage and cytosolic DNA accumulation. This activates the cGAS-STING pathway to mediate apoptosis. Therefore, we have identified unique functions for both HTT and mHTT in modulating DNA repair and the cGAS-STING pathway-mediated apoptosis by interacting with MLH1. Our work elucidates the mechanism by which mHTT causes HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Sun
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390
- The Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Reproductive Genetics, Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou310006, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390
| | - Chao Wu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390
| | - Xueying Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390
| | - Jinzhen Guo
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390
| | - Junqiu Zhang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390
| | - Junhong Guan
- Cui-ying Experimental Center, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou730030, China
| | - Nan Wang
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA90095
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Liya Gu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390
| | - X. Willian Yang
- Center for Neurobehavioral Genetics, Semel Institute for Neuroscience & Human behavior, University of California, Los Angeles, CA90095
- Department of Psychiatry and Biobehavioral Sciences, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA90095
| | - Guo-Min Li
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX75390
- Institute for Cancer Research, Chinese Institutes for Medical Research, Beijing100069, China
- School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing100069, China
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30
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Sanz MÁ, Polo M, Rodríguez-Pulido M, Huildore Bommanna R, Sáiz M. The antiviral response triggered by the cGAS/STING pathway is subverted by the foot-and-mouth disease virus proteases. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:148. [PMID: 38509419 PMCID: PMC10954996 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05190-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
Propagation of viruses requires interaction with host factors in infected cells and repression of innate immune responses triggered by the host viral sensors. Cytosolic DNA sensing pathway of cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) and stimulator of interferon genes (STING) is a major component of the antiviral response to DNA viruses, also known to play a relevant role in response to infection by RNA viruses, including foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV). Here, we provide supporting evidence of cGAS degradation in swine cells during FMDV infection and show that the two virally encoded proteases, Leader (Lpro) and 3Cpro, target cGAS for cleavage to dampen the cGAS/STING-dependent antiviral response. The specific target sequence sites on swine cGAS were identified as Q140/T141 for the FMDV 3Cpro and the KVKNNLKRQ motif at residues 322-330 for Lpro. Treatment of swine cells with inhibitors of the cGAS/STING pathway or depletion of cGAS promoted viral infection, while overexpression of a mutant cGAS defective for cGAMP synthesis, unlike wild type cGAS, failed to reduce FMDV replication. Our findings reveal a new mechanism of RNA viral antagonism of the cGAS-STING innate immune sensing pathway, based on the redundant degradation of cGAS through the concomitant proteolytic activities of two proteases encoded by an RNA virus, further proving the key role of cGAS in restricting FMDV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Miryam Polo
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Margarita Sáiz
- Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, CSIC-UAM, Madrid, Spain.
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31
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Qian JH, Ye L, Tan Y. [Research progress on the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase stimulator of interferon genes pathway in respiratory diseases]. Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi 2024; 47:252-258. [PMID: 38448178 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20231020-00251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/08/2024]
Abstract
Cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) is a DNA receptor that produces the second messenger cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP). cGAMP activates stimulator of interferon genes (STING), which initiates a signaling cascade leading to immune and inflammatory responses. This intricate molecular pathway plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis and progression of diverse respiratory ailments, including respiratory infection, lung cancer, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, and acute lung injury. Consequently, the cGAS-STING signaling pathway has emerged as a promising novel therapeutic target, opening up new avenues for the diagnosis and treatment of respiratory disorders. This review focuses on recent advances in our understanding of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway and its intricate involvement in respiratory system diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- J H Qian
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - L Ye
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
| | - Y Tan
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210006, China
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32
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Lu Y, Zhao M, Chen L, Wang Y, Liu T, Liu H. cGAS: action in the nucleus. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1380517. [PMID: 38515746 PMCID: PMC10954897 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1380517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024] Open
Abstract
As a canonical cytoplasmic DNA sensor, cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) plays a key role in innate immunity. In recent years, a growing number of studies have shown that cGAS can also be located in the nucleus and plays new functions such as regulating DNA damage repair, nuclear membrane repair, chromosome fusion, DNA replication, angiogenesis and other non-canonical functions. Meanwhile, the mechanisms underlying the nucleo-cytoplasmic transport and the regulation of cGAS activation have been revealed in recent years. Based on the current understanding of the structure, subcellular localization and canonical functions of cGAS, this review focuses on summarizing the mechanisms underlying nucleo-cytoplasmic transport, activity regulation and non-canonical functions of cGAS in the nucleus. We aim to provide insights into exploring the new functions of cGAS in the nucleus and advance its clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yikai Lu
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Mengmeng Zhao
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Jinan Central Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, China
| | - Li Chen
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tianhao Liu
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haipeng Liu
- Central Laboratory, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Wu Q, Leng X, Zhang Q, Zhu YZ, Zhou R, Liu Y, Mei C, Zhang D, Liu S, Chen S, Wang X, Lin A, Lin X, Liang T, Shen L, Feng XH, Xia B, Xu P. IRF3 activates RB to authorize cGAS-STING-induced senescence and mitigate liver fibrosis. Sci Adv 2024; 10:eadj2102. [PMID: 38416816 PMCID: PMC10901380 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adj2102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/01/2024]
Abstract
Cytosolic double-stranded DNA surveillance by cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-Stimulator of Interferon Genes (STING) signaling triggers cellular senescence, autophagy, biased mRNA translation, and interferon-mediated immune responses. However, detailed mechanisms and physiological relevance of STING-induced senescence are not fully understood. Here, we unexpectedly found that interferon regulatory factor 3 (IRF3), activated during innate DNA sensing, forms substantial endogenous complexes in the nucleus with retinoblastoma (RB), a key cell cycle regulator. The IRF3-RB interaction attenuates cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 (CDK4/6)-mediated RB hyperphosphorylation that mobilizes RB to deactivate E2 family (E2F) transcription factors, thereby driving cells into senescence. STING-IRF3-RB signaling plays a notable role in hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) within various murine models, pushing activated HSCs toward senescence. Accordingly, IRF3 global knockout or conditional deletion in HSCs aggravated liver fibrosis, a process mitigated by the CDK4/6 inhibitor. These findings underscore a straightforward yet vital mechanism of cGAS-STING signaling in inducing cellular senescence and unveil its unexpected biology in limiting liver fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qirou Wu
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaohong Leng
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ye-Zhang Zhu
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Ruyuan Zhou
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yutong Liu
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Chen Mei
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Dan Zhang
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shengduo Liu
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Shasha Chen
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiaojian Wang
- Institute of Immunology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Aifu Lin
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystem Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xia Lin
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Tingbo Liang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Li Shen
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xin-Hua Feng
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Department of Thoracic Cancer, Affiliated Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Bing Xia
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Pinglong Xu
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Department of Thoracic Cancer, Affiliated Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
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Kasimova AA, Shashkov AS, Shneider MM, Sheck EA, Mikhailova YV, Shelenkov AA, Popova AV, Knirel YA, Kenyon JJ. The Acinetobacter baumannii K239 capsular polysaccharide includes heptasaccharide units that are structurally related to K86 but joined by different linkages formed by different Wzy polymerases. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 262:130045. [PMID: 38336317 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.130045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
The K239 type capsular polysaccharide (CPS) isolated from Acinetobacter baumannii isolate MAR19-4435 was studied by sugar analysis, one- and two-dimensional 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. K239 consists of branched heptasaccharide repeats (K-units) comprised of five residues of l-rhamnose (l-Rhap), and one residue each of d-glucuronic acid (d-GlcpA) and N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (d-GlcpNAc). The structure of K239 is closely related to that of the A. baumannii K86 CPS type, though the two differ in the 2,3-substitution patterns on the l-Rhap residue that is involved in the linkage between K-units in the CPS polymer. This structural difference was attributed to the presence of a gtr221 glycosyltransferase gene and a wzyKL239 polymerase gene in KL239 that replaces the gtr80 and wzyKL86 genes in the KL86 CPS biosynthesis gene cluster. Comparison of the two structures established the role of a novel WzyKL239 polymerase encoded by KL239 that forms the β-d-GlcpNAc-(1→2)-l-Rhap linkage between K239 units. A. baumannii MAR19-4435 was found to be non-susceptible to infection by the APK86 bacteriophage, which encodes a depolymerase that specifically cleaves the linkage between K-units in the K86 CPS, indicating that the difference in 2,3-substitution of l-Rhap influences the susceptibility of this isolate to bacteriophage activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasiya A Kasimova
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander S Shashkov
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Mikhail M Shneider
- M. M. Shemyakin and Y. A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119997 Moscow, Russia
| | - Eugenii A Sheck
- Institute of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy (IAC), Smolensk State Medical University (SSMU), Kirova St. 46a, Smolensk 214019, Russia
| | | | | | - Anastasiya V Popova
- State Research Center for Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, Obolensk, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Yuriy A Knirel
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Johanna J Kenyon
- Centre for Immunology and Infection Control, School of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.
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Lira MC, Vanpouille-Box C, Galluzzi L. Adaptive inhibition of CGAS signaling by TREX1. Trends Cancer 2024; 10:177-179. [PMID: 38355355 PMCID: PMC11075008 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2024.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Mammalian cells react to the accumulation of double-stranded (ds)DNA in the cytosol by secreting antiviral and proinflammatory cytokines, notably type I interferon (IFN). Recent data reported by Tani et al. demonstrate that overactivation of this pathway is prevented by an adaptive feedback mechanism elicited by type I IFN receptors and executed by the exonuclease three prime repair exonuclease 1 (TREX1).
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Affiliation(s)
- María Cecilia Lira
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Claire Vanpouille-Box
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, USA; Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA; Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
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Wu Y, Lin Y, Shen F, Huang R, Zhang Z, Zhou M, Fang Y, Shen J, Fan X. FBXO38 deficiency promotes lysosome-dependent STING degradation and inhibits cGAS-STING pathway activation. Neoplasia 2024; 49:100973. [PMID: 38277817 PMCID: PMC10832482 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2024.100973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
F-box only protein 38 (FBXO38) is a member of the F-box family that mediates the ubiquitination and proteasome degradation of programmed death 1 (PD-1), and thus has important effects on T cell-related immunity. While its powerful role in adaptive immunity has attracted much attention, its regulatory roles in innate immune pathways remain unknown. The cyclic GMP-AMP synthase-stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS-STING) pathway is an important innate immune pathway that regulates type I interferons. STING protein is the core component of this pathway. In this study, we identified that FBXO38 deficiency enhanced tumor proliferation and reduced tumor CD8+ T cells infiltration. Loss of FBXO38 resulted in reduced STING protein levels in vitro and in vivo, further leading to preventing cGAS-STING pathway activation, and decreased downstream product IFNA1 and CCL5. The mechanism of reduced STING protein was associated with lysosome-mediated degradation rather than proteasomal function. Our results demonstrate a critical role for FBXO38 in the cGAS-STING pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yijia Wu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yao Lin
- Institute of Translational Medicine, National Facility for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Feiyang Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Rui Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai 200025, China; Institute of Translational Medicine, National Facility for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Min Zhou
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Yan Fang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai 200025, China.
| | - Jianfeng Shen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai 200025, China; Institute of Translational Medicine, National Facility for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Xianqun Fan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai 200025, China.
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Guo X, Yang L, Wang J, Wu Y, Li Y, Du L, Li L, Fang Z, Zhang X. The cytosolic DNA-sensing cGAS-STING pathway in neurodegenerative diseases. CNS Neurosci Ther 2024; 30:e14671. [PMID: 38459658 PMCID: PMC10924111 DOI: 10.1111/cns.14671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With the widespread prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) and high rates of mortality and disability, it is imminent to find accurate targets for intervention. There is growing evidence that neuroimmunity is pivotal in the pathology of NDs and that interventions targeting neuroimmunity hold great promise. Exogenous or dislocated nucleic acids activate the cytosolic DNA sensor cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS), activating the stimulator of interferon genes (STING). The activated STING triggers innate immune responses and then the cGAS-STING signaling pathway links abnormal nucleic acid sensing to the immune response. Recently, numerous studies have shown that neuroinflammation regulated by cGAS-STING signaling plays an essential role in NDs. AIMS In this review, we summarized the mechanism of cGAS-STING signaling in NDs and focused on inhibitors targeting cGAS-STING. CONCLUSION The cGAS-STING signaling plays an important role in the pathogenesis of NDs. Inhibiting the cGAS-STING signaling may provide new measures in the treatment of NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Guo
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Xijing HospitalThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityChina
- Department of Intensive Care UnitJoint Logistics Force No. 988 HospitalZhengzhouChina
| | - Lin Yang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Xijing HospitalThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityChina
| | - Jiawei Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Xijing HospitalThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityChina
| | - You Wu
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Xijing HospitalThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityChina
| | - Yi Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Xijing HospitalThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityChina
| | - Lixia Du
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Xijing HospitalThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityChina
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Xijing HospitalThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityChina
| | - Zongping Fang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Xijing HospitalThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityChina
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xijing HospitalFourth Military Medical UniversityShaanxiChina
- Translational Research Institute of Brain and Brain‐Like Intelligence, Shanghai Fourth People's Hospital, School of MedicineTongji UniversityShanghaiChina
| | - Xijing Zhang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Xijing HospitalThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityChina
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38
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Queiroz MAF, Brito WRDS, Pereira KAS, Pereira LMS, Amoras EDSG, Lima SS, Santos EFD, Costa FPD, Sarges KMLD, Cantanhede MHD, Brito MTFMD, Silva ALSD, Leite MDM, Viana MDNDSDA, Rodrigues FBB, Silva RD, Viana GMR, Chaves TDSS, Veríssimo ADOL, Carvalho MDS, Henriques DF, Silva CPD, Nunes JAL, Costa IB, Cayres-Vallinoto IMV, Brasil-Costa I, Quaresma JAS, Falcão LFM, Santos EJMD, Vallinoto ACR. Severe COVID-19 and long COVID are associated with high expression of STING, cGAS and IFN-α. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4974. [PMID: 38424312 PMCID: PMC10904751 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55696-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
The cGAS-STING pathway appears to contribute to dysregulated inflammation during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); however, inflammatory factors related to long COVID are still being investigated. In the present study, we evaluated the association of cGAS and STING gene expression levels and plasma IFN-α, TNF-α and IL-6 levels with COVID-19 severity in acute infection and long COVID, based on analysis of blood samples from 148 individuals, 87 with acute COVID-19 and 61 in the post-COVID-19 period. Quantification of gene expression was performed by real-time PCR, and cytokine levels were quantified by ELISA and flow cytometry. In acute COVID-19, cGAS, STING, IFN-α, TNF-α, and IL-6 levels were higher in patients with severe disease than in those with nonsevere manifestations (p < 0.05). Long COVID was associated with elevated cGAS, STING and IFN-α levels (p < 0.05). Activation of the cGAS-STING pathway may contribute to an intense systemic inflammatory state in severe COVID-19 and, after infection resolution, induce an autoinflammatory disease in some tissues, resulting in long COVID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Alice Freitas Queiroz
- Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil.
- Graduate Program in Biology of Infectious and Parasitic Agents, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil.
| | - Wandrey Roberto Dos Santos Brito
- Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Biology of Infectious and Parasitic Agents, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Keise Adrielle Santos Pereira
- Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Biology of Infectious and Parasitic Agents, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Leonn Mendes Soares Pereira
- Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Biology of Infectious and Parasitic Agents, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | | | - Sandra Souza Lima
- Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Erika Ferreira Dos Santos
- Graduate Program in Biology of Infectious and Parasitic Agents, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Laboratory of Genetics of Complex Diseases, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Flávia Póvoa da Costa
- Graduate Program in Biology of Infectious and Parasitic Agents, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Laboratory of Genetics of Complex Diseases, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Kevin Matheus Lima de Sarges
- Graduate Program in Biology of Infectious and Parasitic Agents, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Laboratory of Genetics of Complex Diseases, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Marcos Henrique Damasceno Cantanhede
- Graduate Program in Biology of Infectious and Parasitic Agents, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Laboratory of Genetics of Complex Diseases, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | | | | | - Mauro de Meira Leite
- Laboratory of Genetics of Complex Diseases, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Maria de Nazaré do Socorro de Almeida Viana
- Graduate Program in Biology of Infectious and Parasitic Agents, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Laboratory of Genetics of Complex Diseases, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Fabíola Brasil Barbosa Rodrigues
- Graduate Program in Biology of Infectious and Parasitic Agents, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Laboratory of Genetics of Complex Diseases, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Rosilene da Silva
- Graduate Program in Biology of Infectious and Parasitic Agents, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Laboratory of Genetics of Complex Diseases, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Giselle Maria Rachid Viana
- Laboratory of Basic Research On Malaria, Parasitology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute, Health and Environment Surveillance Secretariat, Brazilian Ministry of Health, Ananindeua, Brazil
| | - Tânia do Socorro Souza Chaves
- Laboratory of Basic Research On Malaria, Parasitology Section, Evandro Chagas Institute, Health and Environment Surveillance Secretariat, Brazilian Ministry of Health, Ananindeua, Brazil
- School of Medicine, Institute of Medical Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará, Brazil
| | | | | | - Daniele Freitas Henriques
- Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers Section, Evandro Chagas Institute, Health and Environment Surveillance Secretariat, Brazilian Ministry of Health, Ananindeua, Brazil
| | - Carla Pinheiro da Silva
- Arbovirology and Hemorrhagic Fevers Section, Evandro Chagas Institute, Health and Environment Surveillance Secretariat, Brazilian Ministry of Health, Ananindeua, Brazil
| | - Juliana Abreu Lima Nunes
- Laboratory of Immunology, Section of Virology, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Health and Environment Surveillance Secretariat, Brazilian Ministry of Health, Ananindeua, Brazil
| | - Iran Barros Costa
- Laboratory of Immunology, Section of Virology, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Health and Environment Surveillance Secretariat, Brazilian Ministry of Health, Ananindeua, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Virology, Evandro Chagas Institute, Department of Science, Technology, Innovation and Strategic Health Inputs, Ministry of Health of Brazil, Ananindeua, Brazil
| | - Izaura Maria Vieira Cayres-Vallinoto
- Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Biology of Infectious and Parasitic Agents, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Igor Brasil-Costa
- Laboratory of Immunology, Section of Virology, Instituto Evandro Chagas, Health and Environment Surveillance Secretariat, Brazilian Ministry of Health, Ananindeua, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Virology, Evandro Chagas Institute, Department of Science, Technology, Innovation and Strategic Health Inputs, Ministry of Health of Brazil, Ananindeua, Brazil
| | - Juarez Antônio Simões Quaresma
- Graduate Program in Virology, Evandro Chagas Institute, Department of Science, Technology, Innovation and Strategic Health Inputs, Ministry of Health of Brazil, Ananindeua, Brazil
- Center of Biological and Health Sciences, University of the State of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | | | - Eduardo José Melo Dos Santos
- Graduate Program in Biology of Infectious and Parasitic Agents, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Laboratory of Genetics of Complex Diseases, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Antonio Carlos Rosário Vallinoto
- Laboratory of Virology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Biology of Infectious and Parasitic Agents, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Virology, Evandro Chagas Institute, Department of Science, Technology, Innovation and Strategic Health Inputs, Ministry of Health of Brazil, Ananindeua, Brazil
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Nakajima KI, Inagaki T, Espera JM, Izumiya Y. Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) LANA prevents KSHV episomes from degradation. J Virol 2024; 98:e0126823. [PMID: 38240588 PMCID: PMC10878079 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.01268-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Protein knockdown with an inducible degradation system is a powerful tool for studying proteins of interest in living cells. Here, we adopted the auxin-inducible degron (AID) approach to detail Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) latency-associated nuclear antigen (LANA) function in latency maintenance and inducible viral lytic gene expression. We fused the mini-auxin-inducible degron (mAID) tag at the LANA N-terminus with KSHV bacterial artificial chromosome 16 recombination, and iSLK cells were stably infected with the recombinant KSHV encoding mAID-LANA. Incubation with 5-phenyl-indole-3-acetic acid, a derivative of natural auxin, rapidly degraded LANA within 1.5 h. In contrast to our hypothesis, depletion of LANA alone did not trigger lytic reactivation but rather decreased inducible lytic gene expression when we stimulated reactivation with a combination of ORF50 protein expression and sodium butyrate. Decreased overall lytic gene induction seemed to be associated with a rapid loss of KSHV genomes in the absence of LANA. The rapid loss of viral genomic DNA was blocked by a lysosomal inhibitor, chloroquine. Furthermore, siRNA-mediated knockdown of cellular innate immune proteins, cyclic AMP-GMP synthase (cGAS) and simulator of interferon genes (STING), and other autophagy-related genes rescued the degradation of viral genomic DNA upon LANA depletion. Reduction of the viral genome was not observed in 293FT cells that lack the expression of cGAS. These results suggest that LANA actively prevents viral genomic DNA from sensing by cGAS-STING signaling axis, adding novel insights into the role of LANA in latent genome maintenance.IMPORTANCESensing of pathogens' components is a fundamental cellular immune response. Pathogens have therefore evolved strategies to evade such cellular immune responses. KSHV LANA is a multifunctional protein and plays an essential role in maintaining the latent infection by tethering viral genomic DNA to the host chromosome. We adopted the inducible protein knockdown approach and found that depletion of LANA induced rapid degradation of viral genomic DNA, which is mediated by innate immune DNA sensors and autophagy pathway. These observations suggest that LANA may play a role in hiding KSHV episome from innate immune DNA sensors. Our study thus provides new insights into the role of LANA in latency maintenance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ken-ichi Nakajima
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Tomoki Inagaki
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Jonna Magdallene Espera
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
| | - Yoshihiro Izumiya
- Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California, USA
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40
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Rösing S, Ullrich F, Meisterfeld S, Schmidt F, Mlitzko L, Croon M, Nattrass RG, Eberl N, Mahlberg J, Schlee M, Wieland A, Simon P, Hilbig D, Reuner U, Rapp A, Bremser J, Mirtschink P, Drukewitz S, Zillinger T, Beissert S, Paeschke K, Hartmann G, Trifunovic A, Bartok E, Günther C. Chronic endoplasmic reticulum stress in myotonic dystrophy type 2 promotes autoimmunity via mitochondrial DNA release. Nat Commun 2024; 15:1534. [PMID: 38378748 PMCID: PMC10879130 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-45535-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Myotonic dystrophy type 2 (DM2) is a tetranucleotide CCTG repeat expansion disease associated with an increased prevalence of autoimmunity. Here, we identified an elevated type I interferon (IFN) signature in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and primary fibroblasts of DM2 patients as a trigger of chronic immune stimulation. Although RNA-repeat accumulation was prevalent in the cytosol of DM2-patient fibroblasts, type-I IFN release did not depend on innate RNA immune sensors but rather the DNA sensor cGAS and the prevalence of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in the cytoplasm. Sublethal mtDNA release was promoted by a chronic activation of the ATF6 branch of the unfolded protein response (UPR) in reaction to RNA-repeat accumulation and non-AUG translated tetrapeptide expansion proteins. ATF6-dependent mtDNA release and resulting cGAS/STING activation could also be recapitulated in human THP-1 monocytes exposed to chronic endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Altogether, our study demonstrates a novel mechanism by which large repeat expansions cause chronic endoplasmic reticulum stress and associated mtDNA leakage. This mtDNA is, in turn, sensed by the cGAS/STING pathway and induces a type-I IFN response predisposing to autoimmunity. Elucidating this pathway reveals new potential therapeutic targets for autoimmune disorders associated with repeat expansion diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Rösing
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Fabian Ullrich
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Haematology and Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Susann Meisterfeld
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Franziska Schmidt
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Laura Mlitzko
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Marijana Croon
- Institute for Mitochondrial Diseases and Aging, Faculty of Medicine, CECAD Research Center, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Ryan G Nattrass
- Institute of Experimental Haematology and Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Nadia Eberl
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Julia Mahlberg
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Martin Schlee
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Anja Wieland
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Philipp Simon
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Rheumatology and Immune-Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Daniel Hilbig
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Rheumatology and Immune-Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ulrike Reuner
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexander Rapp
- Department of Biology, Cell biology and Epigenetic, Technical University of Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Julia Bremser
- Institute of Experimental Haematology and Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Peter Mirtschink
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, TU Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Stephan Drukewitz
- Core Unit for Molecular Tumor Diagnostics (CMTD), National Center for Tumor Diseases (NCT), Partner Site Dresden, Institute of Human Genetics, University of Leipzig Medical Center, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thomas Zillinger
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Stefan Beissert
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany
| | - Katrin Paeschke
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Oncology, Hematology, Rheumatology and Immune-Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gunther Hartmann
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
| | - Aleksandra Trifunovic
- Institute for Mitochondrial Diseases and Aging, Faculty of Medicine, CECAD Research Center, 50931, Cologne, Germany
| | - Eva Bartok
- Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Institute of Experimental Haematology and Transfusion Medicine, University Hospital Bonn, 53127, Bonn, Germany
- Unit of Experimental Immunology, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Claudia Günther
- Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, 01307, Dresden, Germany.
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Liu L, Li MZ, Yao MH, Yang TN, Tang YX, Li JL. Melatonin inhibits atrazine-induced mitochondrial impairment in cerebellum of mice: Modulation of cGAS-STING-NLRP3 axis-dependent cell pyroptosis. Sci Total Environ 2024; 912:168924. [PMID: 38036146 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.168924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 11/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
The global prevalence of Neurological disorders has increased alarmingly in response to environmental and lifestyle changes. Atrazine (ATZ) is a difficult to degrade soil and water pollutant with well-known neurotoxicity. Melatonin (MT), an antioxidant with chemoprotective properties, has a potential therapeutic effect on cerebellar damage caused by ATZ exposure. The aim of this study was to explore the effects and underlying mechanisms of MT on the cerebellar inflammatory response and pyroptosis induced by ATZ exposure. In this study, C57BL/6J mice were treated with ATZ (170 mg/kg BW/day) and MT (5 mg/kg BW/day) for 28 days. Our results revealed that MT alleviated the histopathological changes, ultrastructural damage, oxidative stress and decrease of mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) in the cerebellum induced by ATZ exposure. ATZ exposure damaged the mitochondria leading to release of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) to the cytoplasm, MT activated the cyclic GMP-AMP synthetase interferon gene stimulator (cGAS-STING) axis to alleviate inflammation and pyroptosis caused by ATZ exposure. In general, our study provided new evidence that the cGAS-STING-NLRP3 axis plays an important role in the treatment of ATZ-induced cerebellar injury by MT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Mu-Zi Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Ming-Hui Yao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Tian-Ning Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Yi-Xi Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China
| | - Jin-Long Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China; Key Laboratory of the Provincial Education Department of Heilongjiang for Common Animal Disease Prevention and Treatment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, PR China.
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Talbot EJ, Joshi L, Thornton P, Dezfouli M, Tsafou K, Perkinton M, Khoronenkova S. cGAS-STING signalling regulates microglial chemotaxis in genome instability. Nucleic Acids Res 2024; 52:1188-1206. [PMID: 38084916 PMCID: PMC10853792 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad1184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Defective DNA damage signalling and repair is a hallmark of age-related and genetic neurodegenerative disease. One mechanism implicated in disease progression is DNA damage-driven neuroinflammation, which is largely mediated by tissue-resident immune cells, microglia. Here, we utilise human microglia-like cell models of persistent DNA damage and ATM kinase deficiency to investigate how genome instability shapes microglial function. We demonstrate that upon DNA damage the cytosolic DNA sensing cGAS-STING axis drives chronic inflammation and a robust chemokine response, exemplified by production of CCL5 and CXCL10. Transcriptomic analyses revealed that cell migratory pathways were highly enriched upon IFN-β treatment of human iPSC-derived microglia, indicating that the chemokine response to DNA damage mirrors type I interferon signalling. Furthermore, we find that STING deletion leads to a defect in microglial chemotaxis under basal conditions and upon ATM kinase loss. Overall, this work provides mechanistic insights into cGAS-STING-dependent neuroinflammatory mechanisms and consequences of genome instability in the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily J Talbot
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lisha Joshi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Peter Thornton
- Neuroscience, R&D BioPharmaceuticals, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
| | - Mahya Dezfouli
- Translational Genomics, Discovery Biology, Discovery Sciences, BioPharmaceuticals R&D, AstraZeneca, Mölndal, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kalliopi Tsafou
- Department of Data Sciences & Quantitative Biology, AstraZeneca, Cambridge, UK
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Madsen HB, Park JH, Chu X, Hou Y, Li Z, Rasmussen LJ, Croteau DL, Bohr VA, Akbari M. The cGAS-STING signaling pathway is modulated by urolithin A. Mech Ageing Dev 2024; 217:111897. [PMID: 38109974 DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2023.111897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/20/2023]
Abstract
During aging, general cellular processes, including autophagic clearance and immunological responses become compromised; therefore, identifying compounds that target these cellular processes is an important approach to improve our health span. The innate immune cGAS-STING pathway has emerged as an important signaling system in the organismal defense against viral and bacterial infections, inflammatory responses to cellular damage, regulation of autophagy, and tumor immunosurveillance. These key functions of the cGAS-STING pathway make it an attractive target for pharmacological intervention in disease treatments and in controlling inflammation and immunity. Here, we show that urolithin A (UA), an ellagic acid metabolite, exerts a profound effect on the expression of STING and enhances cGAS-STING activation and cytosolic DNA clearance in human cell lines. Animal laboratory models and limited human trials have reported no obvious adverse effects of UA administration. Thus, the use of UA alone or in combination with other pharmacological compounds may present a potential therapeutic approach in the treatment of human diseases that involves aberrant activation of the cGAS-STING pathway or accumulation of cytosolic DNA and this warrants further investigation in relevant transgenic animal models.
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Affiliation(s)
- H B Madsen
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, SUND, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - J-H Park
- Section on DNA repair, National Institute on Aging, 251 Bayview Blvd, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - X Chu
- Section on DNA repair, National Institute on Aging, 251 Bayview Blvd, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Y Hou
- Section on DNA repair, National Institute on Aging, 251 Bayview Blvd, Baltimore, MD, USA; Institute for Regenerative Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Signaling and Disease Research, Frontier Science Center for Stem Cell Research, School of Life Sciences and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Z Li
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, SUND, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - L J Rasmussen
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, SUND, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - D L Croteau
- Section on DNA repair, National Institute on Aging, 251 Bayview Blvd, Baltimore, MD, USA; Laboratory of Genetics and Genomics, Computational Biology and Genomics Core, National Institute on Aging, 251 Bayview Blvd, Baltimore, USA
| | - V A Bohr
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, SUND, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark; Section on DNA repair, National Institute on Aging, 251 Bayview Blvd, Baltimore, MD, USA.
| | - M Akbari
- Center for Healthy Aging, Department of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, SUND, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark; Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT-The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
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44
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Hu Y, Ye R, Su J, Rui Y, Yu XF. cGAS-STING-mediated novel nonclassic antiviral activities. J Med Virol 2024; 96:e29403. [PMID: 38293806 DOI: 10.1002/jmv.29403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Stimulatorof interferon genes (STING) is an intracellular sensor of cyclic dinucleotides involved in the innate immune response against pathogen- or self-derived DNA. For years, interferon (IFN) induction of cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-STING has been considered as a canonical pattern defending the host from viral invasion. The mechanism of the cGAS-STING-IFN pathway has been well-illustrated. However, other signalling cascades driven by cGAS-STING have emerged in recent years and some of them have been found to possess antiviral ability independent of IFN. Here, we summarize the current progress on cGAS-STING-mediated nonclassic antiviral activities with an emphasis on the nuclear factor-κB and autophagy pathways, which are the most-studied pathways. In addition, we briefly present the primordial function of the cGAS-STING pathway in primitive species to show the importance of IFN-unrelated antiviral activity from an evolutionary angle. Finally, we discuss open questions that need to be solved for further exploitation of this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Hu
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Province, China), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Runxin Ye
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Province, China), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiaming Su
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Province, China), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yajuan Rui
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Province, China), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xiao-Fang Yu
- Cancer Institute (Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, China National Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology in Medical Sciences, Zhejiang Province, China), The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine; Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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45
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Abstract
The cGAS-STING (cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING)) axis integrates DNA damage and cellular stress with type I interferon (IFN) signalling to facilitate transcriptional changes underlying inflammatory stress responses. The cGAS-STING pathway responds to cytosolic DNA in the form of double-stranded DNA, micronuclei, and long interspersed nuclear element 1 (L1) retroelements. L1 retroelements are a class of self-propagating non-long terminal repeat transposons that have remained highly active in mammalian genomes. L1 retroelements are emerging as important inducers of cGAS-STING and IFN signalling, which are often dysregulated in several diseases, including cancer. A key repressor of cGAS-STING and L1 activity is the exonuclease three prime repair exonuclease 1 (TREX1), and loss of TREX1 promotes the accumulation of L1. In addition, L1 dysregulation is a common theme among diseases with chronic induction of type I IFN signalling through cGAS-STING, such as Aicardi-Goutières syndrome, Fanconi anemia, and dermatomyositis. Although TREX1 is highly conserved in tetrapod species, other suppressor proteins exist that inhibit L1 retrotransposition. These suppressor genes when mutated are often associated with diseases characterized by unchecked inflammation that is associated with high cGAS-STING activity and elevated levels of L1 expression. In this review, we discuss these interconnected pathways of L1 suppression and their role in the regulation of cGAS-STING and inflammation in disease.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Graham Dellaire
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
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46
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Mohamud Y, Fu C, Fan YM, Zhang YL, Lin JFC, Hwang SW, Wang ZC, Luo H. Activation of cGAS-STING suppresses coxsackievirus replication via interferon-dependent signaling. Antiviral Res 2024; 222:105811. [PMID: 38242503 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2024.105811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) is a non-enveloped, single-stranded, positive RNA virus known for its role in provoking inflammatory diseases that affect the heart, pancreas, and brain, leading to conditions such as myocarditis, pancreatitis, and meningitis. Currently, there are no FDA-approved drugs treating CVB3 infection; therefore, identifying potential molecular targets for antiviral drug development is imperative. In this study, we examined the possibility of activating the cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway, a cytosolic DNA-sensing pathway that triggers a type-I interferon (IFN) response, in inhibiting CVB3 infection. We found that activation of the cGAS-STING pathway through the application of cGAS (poly dA:dT and herring testes DNA) or STING agonists (2'3'-cGAMP and diamidobenzimidazole), or the overexpression of STING, significantly suppresses CVB3 replication. Conversely, gene-silencing of STING enhances viral replication. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that cGAS-STING activation combats CVB3 infection by inducing IFN response. Notably, we discovered that knockdown of IFN-α/β receptor, a key membrane receptor in type-I IFN signaling, or inhibition of the downstream JAK1/2 signaling with ruxolitinib, mitigates the effects of STING activation, resulting in increased viral protein production. Furthermore, we investigated the interplay between CVB3 and the cGAS-STING pathway. We showed that CVB3 does not trigger cGAS-STING activation; instead, it antagonizes STING and the downstream TBK1 activation induced by cGAMP. In summary, our results provide insights into the interaction of an RNA virus and the DNA-sensing pathway, highlighting the potential for agonist activation of the cGAS-STING pathway in the development of anti-CVB3 drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasir Mohamud
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada
| | - Cathy Fu
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada
| | - Yiyun Michelle Fan
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada
| | - Yizhuo Lyanne Zhang
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada
| | - Jing Fei Carly Lin
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada
| | - Sinwoo Wendy Hwang
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada
| | - Zhihan Claire Wang
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada
| | - Honglin Luo
- Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada; Department of Pathology and Laboratory of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6Z 1Y6, Canada.
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Newman LE, Weiser Novak S, Rojas GR, Tadepalle N, Schiavon CR, Grotjahn DA, Towers CG, Tremblay MÈ, Donnelly MP, Ghosh S, Medina M, Rocha S, Rodriguez-Enriquez R, Chevez JA, Lemersal I, Manor U, Shadel GS. Mitochondrial DNA replication stress triggers a pro-inflammatory endosomal pathway of nucleoid disposal. Nat Cell Biol 2024; 26:194-206. [PMID: 38332353 PMCID: PMC11026068 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-023-01343-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) encodes essential subunits of the oxidative phosphorylation system, but is also a major damage-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) that engages innate immune sensors when released into the cytoplasm, outside of cells or into circulation. As a DAMP, mtDNA not only contributes to anti-viral resistance, but also causes pathogenic inflammation in many disease contexts. Cells experiencing mtDNA stress caused by depletion of the mtDNA-packaging protein, transcription factor A, mitochondrial (TFAM) or during herpes simplex virus-1 infection exhibit elongated mitochondria, enlargement of nucleoids (mtDNA-protein complexes) and activation of cGAS-STING innate immune signalling via mtDNA released into the cytoplasm. However, the relationship among aberrant mitochondria and nucleoid dynamics, mtDNA release and cGAS-STING activation remains unclear. Here we show that, under a variety of mtDNA replication stress conditions and during herpes simplex virus-1 infection, enlarged nucleoids that remain bound to TFAM exit mitochondria. Enlarged nucleoids arise from mtDNA experiencing replication stress, which causes nucleoid clustering via a block in mitochondrial fission at a stage when endoplasmic reticulum actin polymerization would normally commence, defining a fission checkpoint that ensures mtDNA has completed replication and is competent for segregation into daughter mitochondria. Chronic engagement of this checkpoint results in enlarged nucleoids trafficking into early and then late endosomes for disposal. Endosomal rupture during transit through this endosomal pathway ultimately causes mtDNA-mediated cGAS-STING activation. Thus, we propose that replication-incompetent nucleoids are selectively eliminated by an adaptive mitochondria-endosomal quality control pathway that is prone to innate immune system activation, which might represent a therapeutic target to prevent mtDNA-mediated inflammation during viral infection and other pathogenic states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E Newman
- Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Gladys R Rojas
- Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Matthew P Donnelly
- Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Medical Scientist Training Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Sagnika Ghosh
- Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Sienna Rocha
- Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | | | - Joshua A Chevez
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Ian Lemersal
- La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Uri Manor
- Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Division of Biological Sciences, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
- Department of Cell & Developmental Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
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48
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Hao X, Zhao B, Towers M, Liao L, Monteiro EL, Xu X, Freeman C, Peng H, Tang HY, Havas A, Kossenkov AV, Berger SL, Adams PD, Speicher DW, Schultz D, Marmorstein R, Zaret KS, Zhang R. TXNRD1 drives the innate immune response in senescent cells with implications for age-associated inflammation. Nat Aging 2024; 4:185-197. [PMID: 38267705 DOI: 10.1038/s43587-023-00564-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Sterile inflammation, also known as 'inflammaging', is a hallmark of tissue aging. Cellular senescence contributes to tissue aging, in part, through the secretion of proinflammatory factors collectively known as the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). The genetic variability of thioredoxin reductase 1 (TXNRD1) is associated with aging and age-associated phenotypes such as late-life survival, activity of daily living and physical performance in old age. TXNRD1's role in regulating tissue aging has been attributed to its enzymatic role in cellular redox regulation. Here, we show that TXNRD1 drives the SASP and inflammaging through the cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes (STING) innate immune response pathway independently of its enzymatic activity. TXNRD1 localizes to cytoplasmic chromatin fragments and interacts with cGAS in a senescence-status-dependent manner, which is necessary for the SASP. TXNRD1 enhances the enzymatic activity of cGAS. TXNRD1 is required for both the tumor-promoting and immune surveillance functions of senescent cells, which are mediated by the SASP in vivo in mouse models. Treatment of aged mice with a TXNRD1 inhibitor that disrupts its interaction with cGAS, but not with an inhibitor of its enzymatic activity alone, downregulated markers of inflammaging in several tissues. In summary, our results show that TXNRD1 promotes the SASP through the innate immune response, with implications for inflammaging. This suggests that the TXNRD1-cGAS interaction is a relevant target for selectively suppressing inflammaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Hao
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Bo Zhao
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
- Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Martina Towers
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Liping Liao
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Edgar Luzete Monteiro
- Penn Epigenetics Institute, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Christina Freeman
- High-throughput Screening Core, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hongzhuang Peng
- High-throughput Screening Core, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Hsin-Yao Tang
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Aaron Havas
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - Andrew V Kossenkov
- Gene Expression and Regulation Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Shelley L Berger
- Penn Epigenetics Institute, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Peter D Adams
- Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute, San Diego, CA, USA
| | - David W Speicher
- Molecular and Cellular Oncogenesis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - David Schultz
- High-throughput Screening Core, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Ronen Marmorstein
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Kenneth S Zaret
- Penn Epigenetics Institute, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA
| | - Rugang Zhang
- Department of Experimental Therapeutics, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.
- Immunology, Microenvironment and Metastasis Program, The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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49
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El-Mortada F, Landelouci K, Bertrand-Perron S, Aubé FA, Poirier A, Bidias A, Jourdi G, Welman M, Gantier MP, Hamilton JR, Kile B, Lordkipanidzé M, Pépin G. Megakaryocytes possess a STING pathway that is transferred to platelets to potentiate activation. Life Sci Alliance 2024; 7:e202302211. [PMID: 37993259 PMCID: PMC10665521 DOI: 10.26508/lsa.202302211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Platelets display unexpected roles in immune and coagulation responses. Emerging evidence suggests that STING is implicated in hypercoagulation. STING is an adaptor protein downstream of the DNA sensor cyclic GMP-AMP synthase (cGAS) that is activated by cytosolic microbial and self-DNA during infections, and in the context of loss of cellular integrity, to instigate the production of type-I IFN and pro-inflammatory cytokines. To date, whether the cGAS-STING pathway is present in platelets and contributes to platelet functions is not defined. Using a combination of pharmacological and genetic approaches, we demonstrate here that megakaryocytes and platelets possess a functional cGAS-STING pathway. Our results suggest that in megakaryocytes, STING stimulation activates a type-I IFN response, and during thrombopoiesis, cGAS and STING are transferred to proplatelets. Finally, we show that both murine and human platelets contain cGAS and STING proteins, and the cGAS-STING pathway contributes to potentiation of platelet activation and aggregation. Taken together, these observations establish for the first time a novel role of the cGAS-STING DNA sensing axis in the megakaryocyte and platelet lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Firas El-Mortada
- https://ror.org/02xrw9r68 Groupe de Recherche en Signalisation Cellulaire, Département de Biologie Médicale, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Canada
| | - Karima Landelouci
- https://ror.org/02xrw9r68 Groupe de Recherche en Signalisation Cellulaire, Département de Biologie Médicale, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Canada
| | - Samuel Bertrand-Perron
- https://ror.org/02xrw9r68 Groupe de Recherche en Signalisation Cellulaire, Département de Biologie Médicale, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Canada
| | - Félix-Antoine Aubé
- https://ror.org/02xrw9r68 Groupe de Recherche en Signalisation Cellulaire, Département de Biologie Médicale, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Canada
| | - Amélie Poirier
- https://ror.org/02xrw9r68 Groupe de Recherche en Signalisation Cellulaire, Département de Biologie Médicale, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Canada
| | - Amel Bidias
- https://ror.org/02xrw9r68 Groupe de Recherche en Signalisation Cellulaire, Département de Biologie Médicale, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Canada
| | - Georges Jourdi
- Centre de Recherche, Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Mélanie Welman
- Centre de Recherche, Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Michael P Gantier
- Centre for Innate Immunity and Infectious Diseases, Hudson Institute of Medical Research, Clayton, Australia
- Department of Molecular and Translational Science, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Justin R Hamilton
- Australian Centre for Blood Diseases, Monash University, Melbourne, Australia
- CSL Innovation, Melbourne, Australia
| | - Benjamin Kile
- Monash Biomedicine Discovery Institute and Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, Australia
| | - Marie Lordkipanidzé
- Centre de Recherche, Institut de Cardiologie de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
- Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Canada
| | - Geneviève Pépin
- https://ror.org/02xrw9r68 Groupe de Recherche en Signalisation Cellulaire, Département de Biologie Médicale, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Canada
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50
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Wang A, Chen C, Mei C, Liu S, Xiang C, Fang W, Zhang F, Xu Y, Chen S, Zhang Q, Bai X, Lin A, Neculai D, Xia B, Ye C, Zou J, Liang T, Feng XH, Li X, Shen C, Xu P. Innate immune sensing of lysosomal dysfunction drives multiple lysosomal storage disorders. Nat Cell Biol 2024; 26:219-234. [PMID: 38253667 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-023-01339-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Lysosomal storage disorders (LSDs), which are characterized by genetic and metabolic lysosomal dysfunctions, constitute over 60 degenerative diseases with considerable health and economic burdens. However, the mechanisms driving the progressive death of functional cells due to lysosomal defects remain incompletely understood, and broad-spectrum therapeutics against LSDs are lacking. Here, we found that various gene abnormalities that cause LSDs, including Hexb, Gla, Npc1, Ctsd and Gba, all shared mutual properties to robustly autoactivate neuron-intrinsic cGAS-STING signalling, driving neuronal death and disease progression. This signalling was triggered by excessive cytoplasmic congregation of the dsDNA and DNA sensor cGAS in neurons. Genetic ablation of cGAS or STING, digestion of neuronal cytosolic dsDNA by DNase, and repair of neuronal lysosomal dysfunction alleviated symptoms of Sandhoff disease, Fabry disease and Niemann-Pick disease, with substantially reduced neuronal loss. We therefore identify a ubiquitous mechanism mediating the pathogenesis of a variety of LSDs, unveil an inherent connection between lysosomal defects and innate immunity, and suggest a uniform strategy for curing LSDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ailian Wang
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Intelligent Medicine, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chen Chen
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chen Mei
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Intelligent Medicine, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shengduo Liu
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Intelligent Medicine, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cong Xiang
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wen Fang
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Fei Zhang
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yifan Xu
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shasha Chen
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Water Environment and Marine Biological Resources Protection, College of Life and Environmental Science, Wenzhou University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qi Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xueli Bai
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Aifu Lin
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystem Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dante Neculai
- Department of Cell Biology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bing Xia
- Department of Thoracic Cancer, Affiliated Hangzhou Cancer Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cunqi Ye
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Zou
- Eye Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital, Institutes of Translational Medicine, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tingbo Liang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xin-Hua Feng
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xinran Li
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Institute of Intelligent Medicine, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Chengyong Shen
- Department of Neurobiology of The First Affiliated Hospital, Institute of Translational Medicine, MOE Frontier Science Center for Brain Research and Brain-Machine Integration, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Pinglong Xu
- MOE Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Cancer Molecular Cell Biology, Life Sciences Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Institute of Intelligent Medicine, ZJU-Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center, Hangzhou, China.
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital, University School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
- Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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