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Frentzel H, Kraemer M, Kelner-Burgos Y, Uelze L, Bodi D. Cereulide production capacities and genetic properties of 31 emetic Bacillus cereus group strains. Int J Food Microbiol 2024; 417:110694. [PMID: 38614024 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2024.110694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
The highly potent toxin cereulide is a frequent cause of foodborne intoxications. This extremely resistant toxin is produced by Bacillus cereus group strains carrying the plasmid encoded cesHPTABCD gene cluster. It is known that the capacities to produce cereulide vary greatly between different strains but the genetic background of these variations is not clear. In this study, cereulide production capacities were associated with genetic characteristics. For this, cereulide levels in cultures of 31 strains were determined after incubation in tryptic soy broth for 24 h at 24 °C, 30 °C and 37 °C. Whole genome sequencing based data were used for an in-depth characterization of gene sequences related to cereulide production. The taxonomy, population structure and phylogenetic relationships of the strains were evaluated based on average nucleotide identity, multi-locus sequence typing (MLST), core genome MLST and single nucleotide polymorphism analyses. Despite a limited strain number, the approach of a genome wide association study (GWAS) was tested to link genetic variation with cereulide quantities. Our study confirms strain-dependent differences in cereulide production. For most strains, these differences were not explainable by sequence variations in the cesHPTABCD gene cluster or the regulatory genes abrB, spo0A, codY and pagRBc. Likewise, the population structure and phylogeny of the tested strains did not comprehensively reflect the cereulide production capacities. GWAS yielded first hints for associated proteins, while their possible effect on cereulide synthesis remains to be further investigated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hendrik Frentzel
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Marco Kraemer
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ylanna Kelner-Burgos
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Laura Uelze
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Cell Biology and Genetics (MPI-CBG), Sequencing and Genotyping Service Unit, Pfotenhauerstraße 108, 01307 Dresden, Germany
| | - Dorina Bodi
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Max-Dohrn-Str. 8-10, 10589 Berlin, Germany
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2
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Pereira APM, Oriol S, Guinebretière MH, Carlin F, Amorim-Neto DP, Sant'Ana AS. Counts of mesophilic aerobic, mesophilic anaerobic, thermophilic aerobic sporeforming bacteria and persistence of Bacillus cereus spores throughout cocoa powder processing chain. Food Microbiol 2024; 120:104490. [PMID: 38431333 DOI: 10.1016/j.fm.2024.104490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Sporeforming bacteria are a concern in some food raw materials, such as cocoa powder. Samples (n = 618) were collected on two farms and at several stages during cocoa powder manufacture in three commercial processing lines to determine the impact of each stage on bacterial spore populations. Mesophilic aerobic, mesophilic anaerobic, thermophilic aerobic, and Bacillus cereus spore populations were enumerated in all the samples. Genetic diversity in B. cereus strains (n = 110) isolated from the samples was examined by M13 sequence-based PCR typing, partial sequencing of the panC gene, and the presence/absence of ces and cspA genes. The counts of different groups of sporeforming bacteria varied amongst farms and processing lines. For example, the counts of mesophilic aerobic spore-forming (MAS) populations of cocoa bean fermentation were lower than 1 log spore/g in Farm 1 but higher than 4 log spore/g in Farm 2. B. cereus isolated from cocoa powder was also recovered from cocoa beans, nibs, and samples after roasting, refining, and pressing, which indicated that B. cereus spores persist throughout cocoa processing. Phylogenetic group IV was the most frequent (73%), along with processing. Strains from phylogenetic group III (14 %) did not show the ces gene's presence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Paula Maciel Pereira
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Dionisio Pedro Amorim-Neto
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Anderson S Sant'Ana
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Faculty of Food Engineering, University of Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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3
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Chauhan PK, Pathak HK, Dubey G, Sharma H, Upadhyay SK. Impact of Bacillus cereus SPB-10 on Growth Promotion of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Under Arsenic-Contaminated Soil. Curr Microbiol 2024; 81:153. [PMID: 38652152 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-024-03673-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
This study investigates the impact of bacteria on arsenic reduction in wheat plants, highlighting the potential of microbe-based eco-friendly strategies for plant growth. In the present study, bacterial isolate SPB-10 was survived at high concentration against both form of arsenic (As3+ and As5+). SPB-10 produced 5.2 g/L and 11.3 g/L of exo-polysaccharide at 20 ppm of As3+ and As5+, respectively, whereas qualitative examination revealed the highest siderophores ability. Other PGP attributes such as IAA production were recorded 52.12 mg/L and 95.82 mg/L, phosphate solubilization was 90.23 mg/L and 129 mg/L at 20 ppm of As3+ and As5+, respectively. Significant amount of CAT, APX, and Proline was also observed at 20 ppm of As3+ and As5+ in SPB-10. Isolate SPB-10 was molecularly identified as Bacillus cereus through 16S rRNA sequencing. After 42 days, wheat plants inoculated with SPB-10 had a 25% increase in shoot length and dry weight, and 26% rise in chlorophyll-a pigment under As5+ supplemented T4 treatment than control. Reducing sugar content was increased by 24% in T6-treated plants compared to control. Additionally, SPB-10 enhanced the content of essential nutrients (NPK), CAT, and APX in plant's-leaf under both As3+ and As5+ stressed conditions after 42 days. The study found that arsenic uptake in plant roots and shoots decreased in SPB-10-inoculated plants, with the maximum reduction observed in As5+ treated plants. Bio-concentration factor-BCF was reduced by 90.89% in SPB-10-inoculated treatment T4 after 42 days. This suggests that Bacillus cereus-SPB-10 may be beneficial for plant growth in arsenic-contaminated soil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhat K Chauhan
- Department of Environmental Science, V.B.S. Purvanchal University, Jaunpur, 222003, India
| | - Himanshu K Pathak
- Department of Environmental Science, V.B.S. Purvanchal University, Jaunpur, 222003, India
| | - Gopal Dubey
- Department of Environmental Science, V.B.S. Purvanchal University, Jaunpur, 222003, India
| | - Hritik Sharma
- Department of Environmental Science, V.B.S. Purvanchal University, Jaunpur, 222003, India
| | - Sudhir K Upadhyay
- Department of Environmental Science, V.B.S. Purvanchal University, Jaunpur, 222003, India.
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4
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Wang D, Wei L, Ma J, Wan Y, Huang K, Sun Y, Wen H, Chen Z, Li Z, Yu D, Cui H, Wu J, Wu Y, Kim ST, Zhao J, Parker JE, Tsuda K, Jiang C, Wang Y. Bacillus cereus NJ01 induces SA- and ABA-mediated immunity against bacterial pathogens through the EDS1-WRKY18 module. Cell Rep 2024; 43:113985. [PMID: 38517890 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2024.113985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 01/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Emerging evidence suggests a beneficial role of rhizobacteria in ameliorating plant disease resistance in an environment-friendly way. In this study, we characterize a rhizobacterium, Bacillus cereus NJ01, that enhances bacterial pathogen resistance in rice and Arabidopsis. Transcriptome analyses show that root inoculation of NJ01 induces the expression of salicylic acid (SA)- and abscisic acid (ABA)-related genes in Arabidopsis leaves. Genetic evidence showed that EDS1, PAD4, and WRKY18 are required for B. cereus NJ01-induced bacterial resistance. An EDS1-PAD4 complex interacts with WRKY18 and enhances its DNA binding activity. WRKY18 directly binds to the W box in the promoter region of the SA biosynthesis gene ICS1 and ABA biosynthesis genes NCED3 and NCED5 and contributes to the NJ01-induced bacterial resistance. Taken together, our findings indicate a role of the EDS1/PAD4-WRKY18 complex in rhizobacteria-induced disease resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dacheng Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Lirong Wei
- Department of Plant Pathology, Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jinbiao Ma
- Department of Plant Pathology, Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yingqiao Wan
- Department of Plant Pathology, Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Keyi Huang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yiqiong Sun
- Department of Plant Pathology, Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Huili Wen
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Information Agriculture, Bioinformatics Center, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhipeng Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Information Agriculture, Bioinformatics Center, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zijie Li
- Department of Plant Pathology, Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Dongli Yu
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Haitao Cui
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Plant Protection, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong 271018, China
| | - Jingni Wu
- Department of Plant Pathology, Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Yufeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Information Agriculture, Bioinformatics Center, Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, China
| | - Sun Tae Kim
- Department of Plant Bioscience, Life and Industry Convergence Research Institute, Pusan National University, Miryang 50463, Republic of Korea
| | - Jing Zhao
- Department of Plant Pathology, Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jane E Parker
- Department of Plant-Microbe Interactions, Max Planck Institute for Plant Breeding Research, 50829 Cologne, Germany
| | - Kenichi Tsuda
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Chunhao Jiang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Yiming Wang
- Department of Plant Pathology, Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Crop Diseases and Pests, Ministry of Education, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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5
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Meng JN, Xu ZK, Li PR, Zeng X, Liu Y, Xu ZL, Wang J, Ding Y, Shen X. Universal and Naked-Eye Diagnostic Platform for Emetic Bacillus cereus Based on RPA-Assisted CRISPR/Cas12a. J Agric Food Chem 2024; 72:8823-8830. [PMID: 38578074 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c06744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
Emetic Bacillus cereus (B. cereus), which can cause emetic food poisoning and in some cases even fulminant liver failure and death, has aroused widespread concern. Herein, a universal and naked-eye diagnostic platform for emetic B. cereus based on recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA)-assisted CRISPR/Cas12a was developed by targeting the cereulide synthetase biosynthetic gene (cesB). The diagnostic platform enabled one-pot detection by adding components at the bottom and cap of the tube separately. The visual limit of detection of RPA-CRISPR/Cas12a for gDNA and cells of emetic B. cereus was 10-2 ng μL-1 and 102 CFU mL-1, respectively. Meanwhile, it maintained the same sensitivity in the rice, milk, and cooked meat samples even if the gDNA was extracted by simple boiling. The whole detection process can be finished within 40 min, and the single cell of emetic B. cereus was able to be recognized through enrichment for 2-5 h. The good specificity, high sensitivity, rapidity, and simplicity of the RPA-assisted CRISPR/Cas12a diagnostic platform made it serve as a potential tool for the on-site detection of emetic B. cereus in food matrices. In addition, the RPA-assisted CRISPR/Cas12a assay is the first application in emetic B. cereus detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Nan Meng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- College of Food Engineering, Anhui Science and Technology University, Chuzhou 233100, China
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ze-Ke Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Peng-Ru Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Xi Zeng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangzhou Institute of Food Inspection, Guangzhou 510410, China
| | - Yingju Liu
- Key Laboratory for Biobased Materials and Energy of Ministry of Education, College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Zhen-Lin Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Juan Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Yu Ding
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xing Shen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
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6
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Chung T, Salazar A, Harm G, Johler S, Carroll LM, Kovac J. Comparison of the performance of multiple whole-genome sequence-based tools for the identification of Bacillus cereus sensu stricto biovar Thuringiensis. Appl Environ Microbiol 2024; 90:e0177823. [PMID: 38470126 PMCID: PMC11026089 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01778-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The Bacillus cereus sensu stricto (s.s.) species comprises strains of biovar Thuringiensis (Bt) known for their bioinsecticidal activity, as well as strains with foodborne pathogenic potential. Bt strains are identified (i) based on the production of insecticidal crystal proteins, also known as Bt toxins, or (ii) based on the presence of cry, cyt, and vip genes, which encode Bt toxins. Multiple bioinformatics tools have been developed for the detection of crystal protein-encoding genes based on whole-genome sequencing (WGS) data. However, the performance of these tools is yet to be evaluated using phenotypic data. Thus, the goal of this study was to assess the performance of four bioinformatics tools for the detection of crystal protein-encoding genes. The accuracy of sequence-based identification of Bt was determined in reference to phenotypic microscope-based screening for the production of crystal proteins. A total of 58 diverse B. cereus sensu lato strains isolated from clinical, food, environmental, and commercial biopesticide products underwent WGS. Isolates were examined for crystal protein production using phase contrast microscopy. Crystal protein-encoding genes were detected using BtToxin_Digger, BTyper3, IDOPS (identification of pesticidal sequences), and Cry_processor. Out of 58 isolates, the phenotypic production of crystal proteins was confirmed for 18 isolates. Specificity and sensitivity of Bt identification based on sequences were 0.85 and 0.94 for BtToxin_Digger, 0.97 and 0.89 for BTyper3, 0.95 and 0.94 for IDOPS, and 0.88 and 1.00 for Cry_processor, respectively. Cry_processor predicted crystal protein production with the highest specificity, and BtToxin_Digger and IDOPS predicted crystal protein production with the highest sensitivity. Three out of four tested bioinformatics tools performed well overall, with IDOPS achieving high sensitivity and specificity (>0.90).IMPORTANCEStrains of Bacillus cereus sensu stricto (s.s.) biovar Thuringiensis (Bt) are used as organic biopesticides. Bt is differentiated from the foodborne pathogen Bacillus cereus s.s. by the production of insecticidal crystal proteins. Thus, reliable genomic identification of biovar Thuringiensis is necessary to ensure food safety and facilitate risk assessment. This study assessed the accuracy of whole-genome sequencing (WGS)-based identification of Bt compared to phenotypic microscopy-based screening for crystal protein production. Multiple bioinformatics tools were compared to assess their performance in predicting crystal protein production. Among them, identification of pesticidal sequences performed best overall at WGS-based Bt identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taejung Chung
- Department of Food Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Abimel Salazar
- Department of Food Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Grant Harm
- Department of Food Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sophia Johler
- Institute for Food Safety and Hygiene, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Laura M. Carroll
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, SciLifeLab, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Umeå Centre for Microbial Research (UCMR), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
- Integrated Science Lab (IceLab), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Jasna Kovac
- Department of Food Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
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Zheng Z, Ye L, Xiong W, Hu Q, Chen K, Sun R, Chen S. Prevalence and genomic characterization of the Bacillus cereus group strains contamination in food products in Southern China. Sci Total Environ 2024; 921:170903. [PMID: 38354793 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
The Bacillus cereus group, as one of the important opportunistic foodborne pathogens, is considered a risk to public health due to foodborne diseases and an important cause of economic losses to food industries. This study aimed to gain essential information on the prevalence, phenotype, and genotype of B. cereus group strains isolated from various food products in China. A total of 890 strains of B. cereus group bacteria from 1181 food samples from 2020 to 2023 were identified using the standardized detection method. These strains were found to be prevalent in various food types, with the highest contamination rates observed in cereal flour (55.8 %) and wheat/rice noodles (45.7 %). The tested strains exhibited high resistance rates against penicillin (98.5 %) and ampicillin (98.9 %). Strains isolated from cereal flour had the highest rate of meropenem resistance (7.8 %), while strains from sausages were most resistant to vancomycin (16.8 %). A total of 234 out of the 891 B. cereus group strains were randomly selected for WGS analysis, 18.4 % of which displayed multidrug resistance. The species identification by WGS analysis revealed the presence of 10 distinct species within the B. cereus group, with B. cereus species being the most prevalent. The highest level of species diversity was observed in sausages. Notably, B. anthracis strains lacking the anthrax toxin genes were detected in flour-based food products and sausages. A total of 20 antibiotic resistance genes have been identified, with β-lactam resistance genes (bla1, bla2, BcI, BcII, and blaTEM-116) being the most common. The B. tropicus strains exhibit the highest average number of virulence genes (23.4). The diarrheal virulence genes nheABC, hblACD, and cytK were found in numerous strains. Only 4 of the 234 (1.7 %) sequenced strains contain the ces gene cluster linked to emetic symptoms. These data offer valuable insights for public health policymakers on addressing foodborne B. cereus group infections and ensuring food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Zheng
- State Key Lab of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong; Shenzhen Key Lab for Biological Safety Control, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Lianwei Ye
- State Key Lab of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong; Shenzhen Key Lab for Biological Safety Control, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China; Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Wenguang Xiong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutics Development and Safety Evaluation, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiao Hu
- State Key Lab of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong; Shenzhen Key Lab for Biological Safety Control, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China; Department of Infectious Diseases and Public Health, Jockey Club College of Veterinary Medicine and Life Sciences, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Kaichao Chen
- State Key Lab of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong; Shenzhen Key Lab for Biological Safety Control, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ruanyang Sun
- State Key Lab of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong; Shenzhen Key Lab for Biological Safety Control, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
| | - Sheng Chen
- State Key Lab of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Department of Food Science and Nutrition, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong; Shenzhen Key Lab for Biological Safety Control, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China.
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8
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Li Y, Luo L, Wang W, Hong B, Ma Y, Wang J. Characterization of a cell wall hydrolase with high activity against vegetative cells, spores and biofilm of Bacillus cereus. Int J Food Microbiol 2024; 414:110617. [PMID: 38335884 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2024.110617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 12/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Bacillus cereus is a prevalent foodborne pathogen that induces food poisoning symptoms such as vomiting and diarrhea. Its capacity to form spores and biofilm enables it to withstand disinfectants and antimicrobials, leading to persistent contamination during food processing. Consequently, it is necessary to develop novel and efficient antimicrobial agents to control B. cereus, its spores, and biofilms. Peptidoglycan hydrolases have emerged as a promising and eco-friendly alternative owing to their specific lytic activity against pathogenic bacteria. Here, we identified and characterized a Lysozyme-like cell wall hydrolase Lys14579, from the genome of B. cereus ATCC 14579. Recombinant Lys14579 specifically lysed B. cereus without affecting other bacteria. Lys14579 exhibited strong lytic activity against B. cereus, effectively lysing B. cereus cell within 20 min at low concentration (10 μg/mL). It also inhibited the germination of B. cereus spores and prevented biofilm formation at 12.5 μg/mL. Moreover, Lys14579 displayed good antimicrobial stability with negligible hemolysis in mouse red blood cells and no cytotoxicity against RAW264.7 cells. Notably, Lys14579 effectively inhibited B. cereus in boiled rice and minced meat in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, bioinformatics analysis and point mutagenesis experiments revealed that Glu-47 was the catalytic site, and Asp-57, Gln-60, Ser-61 and Glu-63 were active-site residues related with the cell wall lytic activity. Taken together, Lys14579 could be a promising biocontrol agent against vegetative cells, spores, and biofilm of B. cereus in food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanmei Li
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lun Luo
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Wenhai Wang
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Bin Hong
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yi Ma
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jufang Wang
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fermentation and Enzyme Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China.
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9
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Liao Y, Wu S, Zhou G, Mei S, Yang Z, Li S, Jin Z, Deng Y, Wen M, Yang Y. Cellulolytic Bacillus cereus produces a variety of short-chain fatty acids and has potential as a probiotic. Microbiol Spectr 2024; 12:e0326723. [PMID: 38441475 PMCID: PMC10986558 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03267-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Cellulolytic bacteria ferment dietary fiber into short-chain fatty acids, which play an important role in improving fiber utilization and maintaining intestinal health. Safe and effective cellulolytic bacteria are highly promising probiotic candidates. In this study, we isolated three strains of Bacillus cereus, which exhibited cellulolytic properties, from Kele pig feces. To assess the genetic basis of cellulose degradation by the isolates, whole-genome sequencing was used to detect functional genes associated with cellulose metabolism. Subsequently, we identified that the B. cereus CL2 strain was safe in mice by monitoring body weight changes, performing histopathologic evaluations, and determining routine blood indices. We next evaluated the biological characteristics of the CL2 strain in terms of its growth, tolerance, and antibiotic susceptibility, with a focus on its ability to produce short-chain fatty acids. Finally, the intestinal flora structure of the experimental animals was analyzed to assess the intestinal environment compatibility of the CL2 strain. In this study, we isolated a cellulolytic B. cereus CL2, which has multiple cellulolytic functional genes and favorable biological characteristics, from the feces of Kele pigs. Moreover, CL2 could produce a variety of short-chain fatty acids and does not significantly affect the diversity of the intestinal flora. In summary, the cellulolytic bacterium B. cereus CL2 is a promising strain for use as a commercial probiotic or in feed supplement. IMPORTANCE Short-chain fatty acids are crucial constituents of the intestinal tract, playing an important and beneficial role in preserving the functional integrity of the intestinal barrier and modulating both immune responses and the structure of the intestinal flora. In the intestine, short-chain fatty acids are mainly produced by bacterial fermentation of cellulose. Therefore, we believe that safe and efficient cellulolytic bacteria have the potential to be novel probiotics. In this study, we systematically evaluated the safety and biological characteristics of the cellulolytic bacterium B. cereus CL2 and provide evidence for its use as a probiotic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixiao Liao
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Institute of Animal Diseases, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Shihui Wu
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Institute of Animal Diseases, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Guixian Zhou
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Institute of Animal Diseases, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Shihui Mei
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Institute of Animal Diseases, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zemin Yang
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Institute of Animal Diseases, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Shuang Li
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Institute of Animal Diseases, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Zhengyu Jin
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Institute of Animal Diseases, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Yongjun Deng
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Institute of Animal Diseases, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
| | - Ming Wen
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Institute of Animal Diseases, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Engineering Research Center of Animal Biological Products, Guiyang, China
| | - Ying Yang
- College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Institute of Animal Diseases, Guizhou University, Guiyang, China
- Engineering Research Center of Animal Biological Products, Guiyang, China
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10
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Dhondge HV, Barvkar VT, Dastager SG, Dharne MS, Rajput V, Pable AA, Henry RJ, Nadaf AB. Genome sequencing and protein modeling unraveled the 2AP biosynthesis in Bacillus cereus DB25. Int J Food Microbiol 2024; 413:110600. [PMID: 38281435 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2024.110600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
2-Acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP) is an important and major flavor aroma compound responsible for the fragrance of basmati rice, cheese, wine, and several other food products. Biosynthesis of 2AP in aromatic rice and a few other plant species is associated with a recessive Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (BADH2) gene. However, the literature is scant on the relationship between the functional BADH2 gene and 2AP biosynthesis in prokaryotic systems. Therefore, in the present study, we aimed to explore the functionality of the BADH2 gene for 2AP biosynthesis in 2AP synthesizing rice rhizobacterial isolate Bacillus cereus DB25 isolated from the rhizosphere of basmati rice (Oryza sativa L.). Full-length BcBADH2 sequence was obtained through whole genome sequencing (WGS) and further confirmed through traditional PCR and Sanger sequencing. Then the functionality of the BcBADH2 gene was evaluated in-silico through bioinformatics analysis and protein docking studies and further experimentally validated through enzyme assay. The sequencing and bioinformatics analysis results revealed a full-length 1485 bp BcBADH2 coding sequence without any deletion or premature stop codons. Full-length BcBADH2 was found to encode a fully functional protein of 54.08 kDa with pI of 5.22 and showed the presence of the conserved amino acids responsible for enzyme activity. The docking studies confirmed a good affinity between the protein and its substrate whereas the presence of BcBADH2 enzyme activity confirmed the functionality of BADH2 enzyme in B. cereus DB25. In conclusion, the findings of the present study suggest that B. cereus DB25 is able to synthesize 2AP despite a functional BADH2 gene and there may be a different molecular mechanism responsible for 2AP biosynthesis in bacterial systems, unlike that found in aromatic rice and other eukaryotic plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harshal V Dhondge
- Department of Botany, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411 007, India
| | - Vitthal T Barvkar
- Department of Botany, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411 007, India.
| | - Syed G Dastager
- NCIM Resource Center, Biochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL), Pune 411 008, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Mahesh S Dharne
- NCIM Resource Center, Biochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL), Pune 411 008, India
| | - Vinay Rajput
- NCIM Resource Center, Biochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory (CSIR-NCL), Pune 411 008, India
| | - Anupama A Pable
- Department of Microbiology, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411 007, India
| | - Robert J Henry
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia.
| | - Altafhusain B Nadaf
- Department of Botany, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune 411 007, India.
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11
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Hussain N, Muccee F, Hammad M, Mohiuddin F, Bunny SM, Shahab A. Molecular and metabolic characterization of petroleum hydrocarbons degrading Bacillus cereus. Pol J Microbiol 2024; 73:107-120. [PMID: 38437466 PMCID: PMC10911661 DOI: 10.33073/pjm-2024-012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Hydrocarbon constituents of petroleum are persistent, bioaccumulated, and bio-magnified in living tissues, transported to longer distances, and exert hazardous effects on human health and the ecosystem. Bioaugmentation with microorganisms like bacteria is an emerging approach that can mitigate the toxins from environmental sources. The present study was initiated to target the petroleum-contaminated soil of gasoline stations situated in Lahore. Petroleum degrading bacteria were isolated by serial dilution method followed by growth analysis, biochemical and molecular characterization, removal efficiency estimation, metabolites extraction, and GC-MS of the metabolites. Molecular analysis identified the bacterium as Bacillus cereus, which exhibited maximum growth at 72 hours and removed 75% petroleum. Biochemical characterization via the Remel RapID™ ONE panel system showed positive results for arginine dehydrolase (ADH), ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), lysine decarboxylase (LDC), o-nitrophenyl-β-D-galactosidase (ONPG), p-nitrophenyl-β-D-glucosidase (βGLU), p-nitrophenyl-N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase (NAG), malonate (MAL), adonitol fermentation (ADON), and tryptophane utilization (IND). GC-MS-based metabolic profiling identified alcohols (methyl alcohol, o-, p- and m-cresols, catechol, and 3-methyl catechol), aldehydes (methanone, acetaldehyde, and m-tolualdehyde), carboxylic acid (methanoic acid, cis,cis-muconic acid, cyclohexane carboxylic acid and benzoic acid), conjugate bases of carboxylic acids (benzoate, cis,cis-muconate, 4-hydroxybenzoate, and pyruvate) and cycloalkane (cyclohexene). It suggested the presence of methane, methylcyclohexane, toluene, xylene, and benzene degradation pathways in B. cereus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia Hussain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Al Ain University, Al Ain Campus, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
- AAU Health and Biomedical Research Center, Al Ain University, Abu Dhabi Campus, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fatima Muccee
- School of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Hammad
- School of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Farhan Mohiuddin
- School of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Saboor Muarij Bunny
- School of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aansa Shahab
- School of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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12
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Zheng Y, Xu W, Guo H, Yu S, Xue L, Chen M, Zhang J, Xu Z, Wu Q, Wang J, Ding Y. The potential of lactose to inhibit cereulide biosynthesis of emetic Bacillus cereus in milk. Int J Food Microbiol 2024; 411:110517. [PMID: 38096676 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2023.110517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the potential role of lactose on cereulide biosynthesis by emetic Bacillus cereus in dairy matrices. The cereulide yields in whole milk and lactose-free milk were investigated using the emetic reference strain F4810/72. To eliminate the influence of complex food substrates, the LB medium model was further used to characterize the effect of lactose on cereulide produced by F4810/72 and five other emetic B. cereus strains. Results showed that the lactose-free milk displayed a 13-fold higher amount of cereulide than whole milk, but the cereulide level could be reduced by 91 % when the lactose content was restored. The significant inhibition of lactose on cereulide yields of all tested B. cereus strains was observed in LB medium, showing a dose-dependent manner with inhibition rates ranging of 89-98 %. The growth curves and lactose utilization patterns of all strains demonstrated that B. cereus cannot utilize lactose as a carbon source and lactose might act as a signal molecule to regulate cereulide production. Moreover, lactose strongly repressed the expression of cereulide synthetase genes (ces), possibly by inhibiting the key regulator Spo0A at the transcriptional level. Our findings highlight the potential of lactose as an effective strategy to control cereulide production in food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yin Zheng
- Department of Food Science & Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Wenxing Xu
- Department of Food Science & Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; National Health Commission Science and Technology Innovation Platform for Nutrition and Safety of Microbial Food, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Hui Guo
- Department of Food Science & Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Shubo Yu
- National Health Commission Science and Technology Innovation Platform for Nutrition and Safety of Microbial Food, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Liang Xue
- National Health Commission Science and Technology Innovation Platform for Nutrition and Safety of Microbial Food, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Moutong Chen
- National Health Commission Science and Technology Innovation Platform for Nutrition and Safety of Microbial Food, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Jumei Zhang
- National Health Commission Science and Technology Innovation Platform for Nutrition and Safety of Microbial Food, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Zhenlin Xu
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Qingping Wu
- National Health Commission Science and Technology Innovation Platform for Nutrition and Safety of Microbial Food, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Juan Wang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
| | - Yu Ding
- Department of Food Science & Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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Wang Y, Liu Y, Yang S, Chen Y, Liu Y, Lu D, Niu H, Ren F, Xu A, Dong Q. Effect of Temperature, pH, and a w on Cereulide Synthesis and Regulator Genes Transcription with Respect to Bacillus cereus Growth and Cereulide Production. Toxins (Basel) 2024; 16:32. [PMID: 38251248 PMCID: PMC10818934 DOI: 10.3390/toxins16010032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacillus cereus is a food-borne pathogen that can produce cereulide in the growth period, which causes food poisoning symptoms. Due to its resistance to heat, extreme pH, and proteolytic enzymes, cereulide poses a serious threat to food safety. Temperature, pH, and aw can influence cereulide production, but there is still a lack of research with multi-environmental impacts. In this study, the effects of temperature (15~45 °C), pH (5~8), and aw (0.945~0.996) on the emetic reference strain B. cereus F4810/72 growth, cereulide production, relevant ces genes (cesA, cesB, cesP), and transcription regulators genes (codY and abrB) expression at transcription level were studied. B. cereus survived for 4~53 h or grew to 6.85~8.15 log10 CFU/mL in environmental combinations. Cereulide accumulation was higher in mid-temperature, acidic, or high aw environments. Increased temperature resulted in a lower cereulide concentration at pH 8 or aw of 0.970. The lowest cereulide concentration was found at pH 6.5 with an increased aw from 0.970 to 0.996. Water activity had a strong effect on transcriptional regulator genes as well as the cesB gene, and temperature was the main effect factor of cesP gene expression. Moreover, environmental factors also impact cereulide synthesis at transcriptional levels thereby altering the cereulide concentrations. The interaction of environmental factors may result in the survival of B. cereus without growth for a period. Gene expression is affected by environmental factors, and temperature and pH may be the main factors influencing the correlation between B. cereus growth and cereulide formation. This study contributed to an initial understanding of the intrinsic link between the impact of environmental factors and cereulide formation and provided valuable information for clarifying the mechanism of cereulide synthesis in combined environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yating Wang
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; (Y.W.); (Y.L.); (S.Y.)
| | - Yangtai Liu
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; (Y.W.); (Y.L.); (S.Y.)
| | - Shuo Yang
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; (Y.W.); (Y.L.); (S.Y.)
| | - Yuhang Chen
- Shanghai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Milk and Dairy Products Detection and Monitoring Technology for State Market Regulation, Shanghai Institute of Quality Inspection and Technical Research, Shanghai 200233, China;
| | - Dasheng Lu
- Shanghai Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai 200336, China
| | - Hongmei Niu
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; (Y.W.); (Y.L.); (S.Y.)
| | - Fanchong Ren
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; (Y.W.); (Y.L.); (S.Y.)
| | - Anning Xu
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; (Y.W.); (Y.L.); (S.Y.)
| | - Qingli Dong
- School of Health Science and Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; (Y.W.); (Y.L.); (S.Y.)
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14
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Mahmoud RM, Gharib AA, Abd El-Aziz NK, Ali ESM, Mokhtar A, Ibrahim GA, Ammar AM. Apple cider vinegar exhibits promising antibiofilm activity against multidrug-resistant Bacillus cereus isolated from meat and their products. Open Vet J 2024; 14:186-199. [PMID: 38633173 PMCID: PMC11018417 DOI: 10.5455/ovj.2024.v14.i1.17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Bacillus cereus (B. cereus) biofilm is grown not only on medical devices but also on different substrata and is considered a potential hazard in the food industry. Quorum sensing plays a serious role in the synthesis of biofilm with its surrounding extracellular matrix enabling irreversible connection of the bacteria. Aim The goal of the current investigation was to ascertain the prevalence, patterns of antimicrobial resistance, and capacity for B. cereus biofilm formation in meat and meat products in Egypt. Methods In all, 150 meat and meat product samples were used in this study. For additional bacteriological analysis, the samples were moved to the Bacteriology Laboratory. Thereafter, the antimicrobial, antiquorum sensing, and antibiofilm potential of apple cider vinegar (ACV) on B. cereus were evaluated. Results Out of 150 samples, 34 (22.67%) tested positive for B. cereus. According to tests for antimicrobial susceptibility, every B. cereus isolates tested positive for colistin and ampicillin but negative for ciprofloxacin and imipenem. The ability to form biofilms was present in all 12 multidrug-resistant B. cereus isolates (n = 12); of these, 6 (50%), 3 (25%), and 3 (25%) isolates were weak, moderate, and strong biofilm producers, respectively. It is noteworthy that the ACV demonstrated significant inhibitory effects on B. cereus isolates, with minimum inhibitory concentrations varying between 2 and 8 μg/ml. Furthermore, after exposing biofilm-producing B. cereus isolates to the minimum biofilm inhibitory concentrations 50 of 4 μg/ml, it demonstrated good antibiofilm activity (>50% reduction of biofilm formation). Strong biofilm producers had down-regulated biofilm genes (tasA and sipW) and their regulator (plcR) compared to the control group, according to reverse transcriptase quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis. Conclusion Our study is the first report, that spotlights the ACV activity against B. cereus biofilm and its consequence as a strong antibacterial and antibiofilm agent in the food industry and human health risk.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahlam A. Gharib
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Norhan K. Abd El-Aziz
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - El-Shaimaa Mesallam Ali
- Educational Veterinary Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Aml Mokhtar
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Aswan University, Aswan, Egypt
| | - Ghada A. Ibrahim
- Bacteriology Department, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), Animal Health Research Institute, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M. Ammar
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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15
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Wang P, Chen L, Qiao Y, Hu H, Cai X, Chen C, Zhang Z. [Virulence genes and antimicrobial resistance of Bacillus cereus in prepackaged pastries sold in Taizhou from 2020 to 2022]. Wei Sheng Yan Jiu 2024; 53:55-59. [PMID: 38443172 DOI: 10.19813/j.cnki.weishengyanjiu.2024.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the virulence genes and antimicrobial resistance of Bacillus cereus from the pre-packaged pastries in Taizhou city. METHODS 500 pre-packaged patries were collected in taizhou city market. 97 Bacillus cereus strains were detected from them by GB 4789.14-2014 method and identified with 4 houseking genes, then 13 virulence genes were detected by polymerase chain reaction(PCR)method and the antimicrobial resistance of Bacillus cereus to 19 antibiotics was detected by paper diffusion method. RESULTS The result showed that the contamination rate of Bacillus cereus was 19.4% in 500 pre-packaged pastries. The detection rate of four housekeeping genes groEL, gyr B, rpoB and Vrr were 100%, 94.8%, 97.9% and 96.9%, respectively, and 89.7% at the same time. The virulence gene test result showed that the detection rate of nheABC, entFM, bceT, cytK and hblABCD were 91.8%, 88.7%, 61.9%, 51.6% and 25.8%, emetic virulence genes had the lowest detection rate, ces and EMl were 4.1%, cer was 5.2%. 97 Bacillus cereus strains show different degrees of drug resistance to 14 antimicrobials, the resistance rates to penicillin, ampicillin, cefotaxime and cotrimoxazole were higher than 95%, but they were completely sensitive to streptomycin, vancomycin and chloramphenicol. CONCLUSION There is a risk of contamination by diarrhea-type Bacillus cereus and vomiting-type Bacillus cereus in prepackaged pastries in Taizhou. The isolated and identified Bacillus cereus has multiple-drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Wang
- Taizhou Food Inspection Institute, Key Laboratory of FSMP Risk Identification and Key Analysis Technology for Jiangsu Market Regulation, Taizhou 225300, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Taizhou Food Inspection Institute, Key Laboratory of FSMP Risk Identification and Key Analysis Technology for Jiangsu Market Regulation, Taizhou 225300, China
| | - Yongsheng Qiao
- Taizhou Food Inspection Institute, Key Laboratory of FSMP Risk Identification and Key Analysis Technology for Jiangsu Market Regulation, Taizhou 225300, China
| | - Hui Hu
- Taizhou Food Inspection Institute, Key Laboratory of FSMP Risk Identification and Key Analysis Technology for Jiangsu Market Regulation, Taizhou 225300, China
| | - Xia Cai
- Taizhou Food Inspection Institute, Key Laboratory of FSMP Risk Identification and Key Analysis Technology for Jiangsu Market Regulation, Taizhou 225300, China
| | - Chuxin Chen
- Taizhou Food Inspection Institute, Key Laboratory of FSMP Risk Identification and Key Analysis Technology for Jiangsu Market Regulation, Taizhou 225300, China
| | - Zhanlin Zhang
- Taizhou Food Inspection Institute, Key Laboratory of FSMP Risk Identification and Key Analysis Technology for Jiangsu Market Regulation, Taizhou 225300, China
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16
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Chen Y, He Y, Meng Q, Liu Z, Zhang X, Jia Z, Cui J, Wang X. [Prokaryotic expression and biological activities of the hemolysin BL subunit of a pathogenic Bacillus cereus of cattle origin]. Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao 2023; 39:4939-4949. [PMID: 38147993 DOI: 10.13345/j.cjb.230473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
Bacillus cereus belongs to Gram-positive bacteria, which is widely distributed in nature and shows certain pathogenicity. Different B. cereus strains carry different subsets of virulence factors, which directly determine the difference in their pathogenicity. It is therefore important to study the distribution of virulence factors and the biological activity of specific toxins for precise prevention and control of B. cereus infection. In this study, the hemolysin BL triayl was expressed, purified, and characterized. The results showed that the bovine pathogenic B. cereus hemolysin BL could be expressed and purified in the prokaryotic expression system, and the bovine pathogenic B. cereus hemolysin BL showed hemolysis, cytotoxicity, good immunogenicity and certain immune protection in mice. In this study, the recombinant expression of hemolysin BL triayl was achieved, and the biological activity of hemolysin BL of bovine pathogenic ceroid spore was investigated. This study may facilitate further investigating the pathogenic mechanism of B. cereus hemolysin BL and developing a detection method for bovine pathogenic B. cereus disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunjiao Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028042, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Yunjiang He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028042, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Qinglei Meng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028042, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Zhilin Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028042, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028042, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Zelin Jia
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028042, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Jiayu Cui
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028042, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Xueli Wang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Inner Mongolia Minzu University, Tongliao 028042, Inner Mongolia, China
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17
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Kyrylenko A, Eijlander RT, Alliney G, de Bos ELV, Wells-Bennik MHJ. Levels and types of microbial contaminants in different plant-based ingredients used in dairy alternatives. Int J Food Microbiol 2023; 407:110392. [PMID: 37729802 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2023.110392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
In this study levels and types of microbial contaminants were investigated in 88 different plant-based ingredients including many that are used to manufacture dairy alternatives. Studied ingredients encompassed samples of pulses (pea, faba bean, chickpea, and mung bean), cereals/pseudocereals (oat, rice, amaranth and quinoa) and drupes (coconut, almond and cashew). The microbial analysis included: i) total viable count (TVC), ii) total aerobic mesophilic spore count (TMS), iii) heat resistant aerobic thermophilic spore count (HRTS), iv) anaerobic sulfite reducing Clostridium spore count (SRCS), and v) Bacillus cereus spore count (BCES). Microorganisms isolated from the counting plates with the highest sample dilutions were identified using 16S rRNA and MALDI-TOF MS analyses. Many of the investigated ingredients showed a high proportion of spores as part of their total aerobic mesophilic counts. In 63 % of the samples, the difference between TVC and TMS counts was 1 Log10 unit or less. This was particularly the case for the majority of pea isolates and concentrates, faba bean isolates, oat kernels and flakes, and for single samples of chickpea isolate, almond, amaranth, rice, quinoa, and coconut flours. Concentrations of TVC ranged between <1.0 and 5.3 Log10 CFU/g in different samples, and TMS varied between <1.0 and 4.1 Log10 CFU/g. Levels of HTRS, BCES and SRCS were generally low, typically around or below the LOD of 1.0 Log10 CFU/g. In total, 845 individual bacterial colonies were isolated belonging to 33 different genera. Bacillus licheniformis and B. cereus group strains were most frequently detected among Bacillus isolates, and these species originated primarily from pea and oat samples. Geobacillus stearothermophilus was the main species encountered as part of the HRTS. Among the Clostridium isolates, Clostridum sporogenes/tepidum were predominant species, which were mostly found in pea and almond samples. Strains with potential to cause foodborne infection or intoxication were typed using the PCR-based method for toxin genes detection. In the B. cereus group, 9 % of isolates contained the ces gene, 28 % contained hbl, 42 % cytK, and 69 % were positive for the nhe gene. Absence of the boNT-A and -B genes was confirmed for all isolated C. sporogenes/tepidum strains. Nearly all (98 %) B. licheniformis isolates were positive for the lchAA gene. Insight into the occurrence of microbial contaminants in plant-based ingredients, combined with knowledge of their key inactivation and growth characteristics, can be used for the microbial risk assessment and effective design of plant-based food processing conditions and formulations to ensure food safety and prevent spoilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Kyrylenko
- NIZO food research, Kernhemseweg 2, 6718 ZB Ede, the Netherlands; Wageningen University and Research, Food Microbiology, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | | | - Giovanni Alliney
- NIZO food research, Kernhemseweg 2, 6718 ZB Ede, the Netherlands; Wageningen University and Research, Food Microbiology, P.O. Box 17, 6700 AA Wageningen, the Netherlands
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Ji S, Tian Y, Li J, Xu G, Zhang Y, Chen S, Chen Y, Tang X. Complete genome sequence of Bacillus cereus Z4, a biocontrol agent against tobacco black shank, isolated from the Western Pacific Ocean. Mar Genomics 2023; 72:101071. [PMID: 38008533 DOI: 10.1016/j.margen.2023.101071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
Bacillus species have been considered as promising biological control agents due to their excellent antimicrobial ability. Bacillus cereus strain Z4 was isolated from 2000 m deep sea sediments of the Western Pacific Ocean, which possesses significant antifungal activity against Phytophthora nicotianae, the pathogenic fungus of tobacco black shank disease. To reveal the underlying antifungal genetic mechanisms, here, we report the complete genomic sequence of the strain Z4. The genome has one circular chromosome of 5,664,309 bp with a G + C content of 35.31%, 109 tRNAs, and 43 rRNAs. Genomic analysis identified 10 gene clusters related to the biosynthesis of biocontrol active compounds, including bacillibactin, petrobactin, fengycin, and molybdenum cofactor. Meanwhile, 6 gene clusters were responsible for the biosynthesis of metabolites with unknown functions. Strain Z4 also contains a large number of genes encoding carbohydrate-active enzymes and secreted proteins, respectively. The whole genomic analysis of Bacillus cereus Z4 may provide a valuable reference for elucidating its biocontrol mechanism against tobacco black shank.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunhua Ji
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Fujian Industrial Co., Ltd., Xiamen 361021, Fujian, China
| | - Yin Tian
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China
| | - Jingjing Li
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Fujian Industrial Co., Ltd., Xiamen 361021, Fujian, China
| | - Guangxin Xu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China
| | - Yongan Zhang
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Fujian Industrial Co., Ltd., Xiamen 361021, Fujian, China
| | - Shanyi Chen
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Fujian Industrial Co., Ltd., Xiamen 361021, Fujian, China
| | - Yiqiang Chen
- Technology Center, China Tobacco Fujian Industrial Co., Ltd., Xiamen 361021, Fujian, China
| | - Xixiang Tang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Genetic Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, Fujian, China.
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Xiao Z, Cheng M, Hu X, Xue M, Jiang N, Liu W, Fan Y, Meng Y, Xu C, Zhou Y. Pathological changes of highly pathogenic Bacillus cereus on Pelodiscus sinensis. Vet Q 2023; 43:1-10. [PMID: 38010068 PMCID: PMC11003482 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2023.2287191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
An outbreak of a disease with a high mortality rate occurred in a Chinese Softshell Turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis) farm in Hubei Province. This study isolated a highly pathogenic Bacillus cereus strain (Y271) from diseased P. sinensis. Y271 has β hemolysis, containing both Hemolysin BL (hblA, hblC, and hblD), Non-hemolytic enterotoxin, NHE (nheA, nheB, and nheC), and Enterotoxin FM (entFM) genes. Y271 is highly pathogenic against P. sinensis with an LD50 = 6.80 × 103 CFU/g weight. B. cereus was detected in multiple tissues of the infected P. sinensis. Among them, spleen tissue showed the highest copy number density (1.54 ± 0.12 × 104 copies/mg). Multiple tissues and organs of diseased P. sinensis exhibited significant pathological damage, especially the spleen, liver, kidney, and intestine. It showed obvious tissue structure destruction, lesions, necrosis, red blood cells, and inflammatory cell infiltration. B. cereus proliferating in the spleen, liver, and other tissues was observed. The intestinal microbiota of the diseased P. sinensis was altered, with a greater abundance of Firmicutes, Fusobacterium, and Actinomyces than in the healthy group. Allobaculum, Rothia, Aeromonas, and Clostridium abundance were higher in the diseased group than in the healthy group. The number of unique microbial taxa (472) in the disease group was lower than that of the healthy group (705). Y271 was sensitive to multiple drugs, including florfenicol, enrofloxacin, neomycin, and doxycycline. B. cereus is the etiological agent responsible for the massive death of P. sinensis and reveals its potential risks during P. sinensis cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zidong Xiao
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengmeng Cheng
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
- College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaowei Hu
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
- Department of Fisheries Development, College of Fisheries, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, China
| | - Mingyang Xue
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuding Fan
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yan Meng
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Chen Xu
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Yong Zhou
- Yangtze River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Wuhan, China
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Coburn PS, Miller FC, LaGrow AL, Mursalin H, Gregory A, Parrott A, Astley D, Callegan MC. Virulence-related genotypic differences among Bacillus cereus ocular and gastrointestinal isolates and the relationship to endophthalmitis pathogenesis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1304677. [PMID: 38106476 PMCID: PMC10722173 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1304677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bacillus cereus (Bc) can cause self-limiting gastrointestinal infections, but when infecting the eye, can cause rapid and irreversible blindness. This study investigated whether clinical ocular and gastrointestinal Bc isolates differed in terms of virulence-related genotypes and endophthalmitis virulence. Methods Twenty-eight Bc ocular, gastrointestinal, and laboratory reference isolates were evaluated. Hemolysis assays were performed to assess potential differences in hemolytic activity. The presence of twenty Bc virulence-related genes was assessed by PCR. A subset of ocular and gastrointestinal isolates differing in PCR positivity for 5 virulence genes was compared to strain ATCC14579 in an experimental murine model of endophthalmitis. At 8 hours post infection, retinal function was evaluated by electroretinography, and intraocular bacterial concentrations were determined by plate counts. Results Gastrointestinal Bc isolates were more hemolytic than the Bc ocular isolates and ATCC14579 (p < 0.0001). Bc ocular isolates were more frequently PCR-positive for capK, cytK, hblA, hblC, and plcR compared to the gastrointestinal isolates (p ≤ 0.0002). In the endophthalmitis model, mean A-wave retention did not differ significantly between eyes infected with ATCC14579 and eyes infected with the selected ocular or gastrointestinal isolates (p ≥ 0.3528). Similar results were observed for mean B-wave retention (p ≥ 0.0640). Only one diarrheal isolate showed significantly greater B-wave retention when compared to ATCC14579 (p = 0.0303). No significant differences in mean A-wave (p ≥ 0.1535) or B-wave (p ≥ 0.0727) retention between the selected ocular and gastrointestinal isolates were observed. Intraocular concentrations of ATCC14579 were significantly higher than the selected ocular isolate and 3 of the gastrointestinal isolates (p ≤ 0.0303). Intraocular concentrations of the selected ocular isolate were not significantly different from the gastrointestinal isolates (p ≥ 0.1923). Conclusions Among the subset of virulence-related genes assessed, 5 were significantly enriched among the ocular isolates compared to gastrointestinal isolates. While hemolytic activity was higher among gastrointestinal isolates, retinal function retention and intraocular growth was not significantly different between the selected ocular and gastrointestinal isolates. These results suggest that Bc strains causing gastrointestinal infections, while differing from ocular isolates in hemolytic activity and virulence-related gene profile, are similarly virulent in endophthalmitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillip S. Coburn
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Frederick C. Miller
- Department of Cell Biology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
- Department of Family and Preventive Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Austin L. LaGrow
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Huzzatul Mursalin
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Anna Gregory
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Aaron Parrott
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Daniel Astley
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
| | - Michelle C. Callegan
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
- Dean McGee Eye Institute, Oklahoma City, OK, United States
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Zhang G, Li Z, Chen G, Zhang L, Cai W, Deng S, Zhang H, Wu L, Li H, Liu H. Purification and characterization of the low molecular weight xylanase from Bacillus cereus L-1. Braz J Microbiol 2023; 54:2951-2959. [PMID: 37843795 PMCID: PMC10689628 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-01129-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Xylanase is widely used in various industries such as food processing, paper, textiles, and leather tanning. In this study, Bacillus cereus L-1 strain was isolated and identified as capable of producing low molecular weight xylanase through 16 s rRNA sequencing. Maximum xylanase yield of 15.51 ± 2.08 U/mL was achieved under optimal fermentation conditions (5% inoculum, 20 g/L xylan, pH 6.0, for 24 h). After purification via ammonium sulfate precipitation and High-S ion exchange chromatography, electrophoretic purity xylanase was obtained with a 28-fold purification and specific activity of 244.97 U/mg. Xylanase had an optimal pH of 6.5 and temperature of 60 °C and displayed thermostability at 30 °C and 40 °C with 48.56% and 45.97% remaining activity after 180 min, respectively. The xylanase retained more than 82.97% of its activity after incubation for 24 h at pH 5.0 and was sensitive to metal ions, especially Mg2+ and Li+. Purified xylanase showed a molecular weight of 23 kDa on SDS-PAGE, and partial peptide sequencing revealed homology to the endo-1,4-beta-xylanase with a molecular weight of 23.3 kDa through LC/MS-MS (liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry). This study suggests that the purified xylanase is easier to purify and enriches low molecular weight xylanases from bacteria source.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Zhang
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Zhihao Li
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Yichang Tobacco Company of Hubei Province, Yichang, 443000, China
| | - Guoqiang Chen
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- China Tobacco Sichuan Industrial Co., Ltd, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Wen Cai
- China Tobacco Sichuan Industrial Co., Ltd, Chengdu, 610000, China
| | - Shuaijun Deng
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Haibo Zhang
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China
| | - Lijun Wu
- Technology Center of China Tobacco Yunnan Industrial Co., Ltd, Kunming, 650032, China.
| | - Hongtao Li
- Technology Center of China Tobacco Shandong Industrial Co., Ltd, Qingdao, 266101, China.
| | - Haobao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tobacco Biology and Processing, Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Qingdao, 266101, China.
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22
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Oh H, Koo J, An SY, Hong SH, Suh JY, Bae E. Structural and functional investigation of GajB protein in Gabija anti-phage defense. Nucleic Acids Res 2023; 51:11941-11951. [PMID: 37897358 PMCID: PMC10681800 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad951] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacteriophages (phages) are viruses that infect bacteria and archaea. To fend off invading phages, the hosts have evolved a variety of anti-phage defense mechanisms. Gabija is one of the most abundant prokaryotic antiviral systems and consists of two proteins, GajA and GajB. GajA has been characterized experimentally as a sequence-specific DNA endonuclease. Although GajB was previously predicted to be a UvrD-like helicase, its function is unclear. Here, we report the results of structural and functional analyses of GajB. The crystal structure of GajB revealed a UvrD-like domain architecture, including two RecA-like core and two accessory subdomains. However, local structural elements that are important for the helicase function of UvrD are not conserved in GajB. In functional assays, GajB did not unwind or bind various types of DNA substrates. We demonstrated that GajB interacts with GajA to form a heterooctameric Gabija complex, but GajB did not exhibit helicase activity when bound to GajA. These results advance our understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying Gabija anti-phage defense and highlight the role of GajB as a component of a multi-subunit antiviral complex in bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyejin Oh
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jasung Koo
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - So Young An
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Sung-Hyun Hong
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Jeong-Yong Suh
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Euiyoung Bae
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Research Institute of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
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23
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Rudenko NV, Nagel AS, Melnik BS, Karatovskaya AP, Vetrova OS, Zamyatina AV, Andreeva-Kovalevskaya ZI, Siunov AV, Shlyapnikov MG, Brovko FA, Solonin AS. Utilizing Extraepitopic Amino Acid Substitutions to Define Changes in the Accessibility of Conformational Epitopes of the Bacillus cereus HlyII C-Terminal Domain. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16437. [PMID: 38003626 PMCID: PMC10671226 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242216437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Hemolysin II (HlyII)-one of the pathogenic factors of Bacillus cereus, a pore-forming β-barrel toxin-possesses a C-terminal extension of 94 amino acid residues, designated as the C-terminal domain of HlyII (HlyIICTD), which plays an important role in the functioning of the toxin. Our previous work described a monoclonal antibody (HlyIIC-20), capable of strain-specific inhibition of hemolysis caused by HlyII, and demonstrated the dependence of the efficiency of hemolysis on the presence of proline at position 324 in HlyII outside the conformational antigenic determinant. In this work, we studied 16 mutant forms of HlyIICTD. Each of the mutations, obtained via multiple site-directed mutagenesis leading to the replacement of amino acid residues lying on the surface of the 3D structure of HlyIICTD, led to a decrease in the interaction of HlyIIC-20 with the mutant form of the protein. Changes in epitope structure confirm the high conformational mobility of HlyIICTD required for the functioning of HlyII. Comparison of the effect of the introduced mutations on the effectiveness of interactions between HlyIICTD and HlyIIC-20 and a control antibody recognizing a non-overlapping epitope enabled the identification of the amino acid residues N339 and K340, included in the conformational antigenic determinant recognized by HlyIIC-20.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia V Rudenko
- Pushchino Branch, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 6 Prospekt Nauki, 142290 Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Alexey S Nagel
- G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, FRC Pushchino Scientific Centre of Biological Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 5 Prospekt Nauki, 142290 Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Bogdan S Melnik
- Pushchino Branch, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 6 Prospekt Nauki, 142290 Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Institutskaya Street, 142290 Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Anna P Karatovskaya
- Pushchino Branch, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 6 Prospekt Nauki, 142290 Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Olesya S Vetrova
- Pushchino Branch, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 6 Prospekt Nauki, 142290 Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Anna V Zamyatina
- Pushchino Branch, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 6 Prospekt Nauki, 142290 Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Zhanna I Andreeva-Kovalevskaya
- G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, FRC Pushchino Scientific Centre of Biological Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 5 Prospekt Nauki, 142290 Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Alexander V Siunov
- G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, FRC Pushchino Scientific Centre of Biological Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 5 Prospekt Nauki, 142290 Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Mikhail G Shlyapnikov
- G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, FRC Pushchino Scientific Centre of Biological Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 5 Prospekt Nauki, 142290 Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Fedor A Brovko
- Pushchino Branch, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 6 Prospekt Nauki, 142290 Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Alexander S Solonin
- G.K. Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Russian Academy of Sciences, FRC Pushchino Scientific Centre of Biological Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, 5 Prospekt Nauki, 142290 Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
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Yuan X, Zhu Z, Huang Z, Yu S, Jin H, Chen B, Yu S, Xue L, Chen M, Zhang J, Wang J, Wu Q, Ding Y. Engineered lytic phage of Bacillus cereus and its application in milk. Int J Food Microbiol 2023; 405:110339. [PMID: 37517118 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2023.110339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023]
Abstract
Phages have been approved for use in the food industry to control bacterial contamination in some countries. However, their broader adoption is hindered by some limitations. For instance, the persistence of infectious phages in the food industry can lead to the emergence of resistant bacteria, which negatively impacts the long-term effectiveness of phages. Additionally, the narrow host range of phages limits their effectiveness against various strains. To address these deficiencies, phage engineering has been proposed as a rational approach for modifying phages. In this study, we developed a simple and efficient engineering method for Bacillus cereus phage, using DK1 as an example, to reduce the number of residual phages and expand its range of hosts. Specifically, we knocked out the appendage gene, which codes for the receptor-binding protein, to produce phage progeny with structural defects in their appendages, resulting in the loss of infectivity after host elimination. Furthermore, we used plasmid-mediated means to express different appendage proteins during phage preparation, which allowed altering the host spectrum of the engineered phages without gene insertion. In practical applications, our engineered phages effectively reduced the number of B. cereus in milk and prevented the amplification of active progeny. Our strategy transformed phages from active viruses into more controllable antibacterial agents, making them safer and more efficient for the prevention and control of B. cereus. Moreover, we believe this strategy will help drive the use of engineered phages in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Yuan
- Department of Food Science & Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application (MARA), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Zhenjun Zhu
- Department of Food Science & Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Zhichao Huang
- Department of Food Science & Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application (MARA), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Shan Yu
- Department of Food Science & Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application (MARA), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Hui Jin
- Department of Food Science & Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application (MARA), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Bo Chen
- Department of Food Science & Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application (MARA), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Shubo Yu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application (MARA), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Liang Xue
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application (MARA), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Moutong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application (MARA), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Jumei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application (MARA), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Juan Wang
- College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Qingping Wu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application (MARA), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, China
| | - Yu Ding
- Department of Food Science & Engineering, Institute of Food Safety and Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China.
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Liu J, Cui T. Expression, Characterisation, Homology Modelling and Molecular Docking of a Novel M17 Family Leucyl-Aminopeptidase from Bacillus cereus CZ. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15939. [PMID: 37958921 PMCID: PMC10649214 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2023] [Revised: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Leucyl-aminopeptidase (LAP), an important metallopeptidase, hydrolyses amino acid residues from the N-terminus of polypeptides and proteins, acting preferentially on the peptide bond formed by N-terminus leucine. A new leucyl-aminopeptidase was found in Bacillus cereus CZ. Its gene (bclap) contained a 1485 bp ORF encoding 494 amino acids with a molecular weight of 54 kDa. The bcLAP protein was successfully expressed in E. coli BL21(DE3). Optimal activity is obtained at pH 9.0 and 58 °C. The bcLAP displays a moderate thermostability and an alkaline pH adaptation range. Enzymatic activity is dramatically enhanced by Ni2+. EDTA significantly inhibits the enzymatic activity, and bestatin and SDS also show strong inhibition. The three-dimensional model of bcLAP monomer and homohexamer is simulated byPHYRE2 server and SWISS-MODEL server. The docking of bestatin, Leu-Trp, Asp-Trp and Ala-Ala-Gly to bcLAP is performed using AutoDock4.2.5, respectively. Molecular docking results show that the residues Lys260, Asp265, Lys272, Asp283, Asp342, Glu344, Arg346, Gly372 and His437 are involved in the hydrogen bonding with the ligands and zinc ions. There may be two nucleophilic catalytic mechanisms in bcLAP, one involving His 437 or Arg346 and the other involving His437 and Arg346. The bcLAP can hydrolyse the peptide bonds in Leu-Trp, Asp-Trp and Ala-Ala-Gly.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tangbing Cui
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China;
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26
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Jovanovic J, Rajkovic A. Bacillus cereus Sensu Lato Accelerate Cellular Bioenergetic Metabolism of Human Colorectal Adenocarcinoma Caco-2 Cell Line. Foodborne Pathog Dis 2023; 20:514-520. [PMID: 37831922 DOI: 10.1089/fpd.2023.0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
How foodborne enterotoxigenic Bacillus cereus rewires energy metabolism during intestinal tract infection is still not understood. In this study, we used the Seahorse XFe technology to simultaneously analyze oxygen consumption and acidification rates to estimate bioenergetic changes in the intestinal Caco-2 cell line after exposure to the B. cereus sensu lato (s.l.) enterotoxin-producing pathotypes, American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) 14579 (836), NVH0391-98 (828), and NVH0075/95 (825). Infection of Caco-2 led to a more energetic phenotype due to increased flux through oxidative phosphorylation and glycolysis. Strain 836 caused the most pronounced effects toward the specific energy phenotype, followed by strains 828 and 825. However, the metabolic potential of Caco-2 cells was most strongly induced by the 828 strain. Furthermore, infected cells manifested an increased adenosine triphosphate (ATP) production rate. Strain 828 caused the highest glycolytic and mitochondrial ATP production rates, followed by the 836 and 825 B. cereus s.l. strains. The glycolytic stress assay showed that strains 828 and 826 slightly increased compensatory glycolysis, providing a better understanding of the pathogenicity of this versatile pathogen. The results of this study underline that extracellular flux measurement can be used to accurately estimate bioenergetic perturbations of Caco-2 cells as a consequence of infection. Our findings enhance our understanding of how intestinal cells adjust their metabolism during infection with B. cereus s.l.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Jovanovic
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Andreja Rajkovic
- Department of Food Technology, Safety and Health, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
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27
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Boutonnet C, Ginies C, Alpha-Bazin B, Armengaud J, Château A, Duport C. S-layer is a key element in metabolic response and entry into the stationary phase in Bacillus cereus AH187. J Proteomics 2023; 289:105007. [PMID: 37730087 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2023.105007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
Bacillus cereus is a food-borne Gram-positive pathogen. The emetic reference strain B. cereus AH187 is surrounded by a proteinaceous surface layer (S-layer) that contributes to its physico-chemical surface properties, and promotes its adhesion in response to starvation conditions. The S-layer produced by B. cereus AH187 is composed of two proteins, SL2 and EA1, which are incorporated at different growth stages. Here, we showed that deletion of the genes encoding SL2 and EA1 produced viable cells, but decreased the glucose uptake rate at the start of growth, and induced extensive reorganization of the cellular and exoproteomes upon entry into the stationary phase. As a consequence, stationary cells were less resistant to abiotic stress. Taken together, our data indicate that the S-layer is crucial but comes at a metabolic cost that modulates the stationary phase response. SIGNIFICANCE: The emetic strains of Bacillus cereus are known to cause severe food poisoning, making it crucial to understand the factors contributing to their selective enrichment in foods. Most emetic strains are surrounded by a crystalline S-layer, which is a costly protein structure to produce. In this study, we used high-throughput proteomics to investigate how S-layer synthesis affects the allocation of cellular resources in the emetic B. cereus strain AH187. Our results demonstrate that the synthesis of the S-layer plays a crucial role in the pathogen's ability to thrive under stationary growth phase conditions by modulating the stress response, thereby promoting its lifestyle as an emetic pathogen. We conclude that the synthesis of the S-layer is a critical adaptation for emetic B. cereus to successfully colonize specific niches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Béatrice Alpha-Bazin
- Université Paris Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SPI, 30200 Bagnols-sur-Cèze, France
| | - Jean Armengaud
- Université Paris Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), SPI, 30200 Bagnols-sur-Cèze, France
| | - Alice Château
- Avignon Université, INRAE, UMR SQPOV, F-84914 Avignon, France
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Li T, Zou Q, Chen C, Li Q, Luo S, Li Z, Yang C, Yang D, Huang Z, Zhang H, Tang W, Qi L. A foodborne outbreak linked to Bacillus cereus at two middle schools in a rural area of Chongqing, China, 2021. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0293114. [PMID: 37856478 PMCID: PMC10586640 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Bacillus cereus (B. cereus) is a common cause of foodborne illness. An outbreak of acute gastrointestinal illness occurred at two middle schools in a rural region of Chongqing, China, in 2021. This study aimed to elucidate the outbreak's characteristics, identify risk factors, and determine the source of contamination. A retrospective cohort study and an environmental investigation were conducted. Vomit samples, anal swabs, and food samples were collected and tested by RT-PCR for 18 species of bacteria and viruses, including B. cereus. Positive samples of B. cereus underwent biochemical experiments and bacterial quantification. A total of 198 cases were reported in this outbreak, with an attack rate of 24.63%. The main symptoms were vomiting (100%), bellyache (83.33%), and dizziness (62.63%). The retrospective cohort study showed a significant association between the outbreak and rice noodles provided by a nearby food manufacturer (RR = 39.63, p < 0.001). B. cereus was detected in 20 vomit samples, three anal swabs, and seven rice noodles samples, with a count exceeding 103 CFU/g. These findings strongly suggested that the outbreak was linked to B. cereus-contaminated rice noodles. Enhancing food safety surveillance and promoting health measures among schools and food manufacturers in rural areas is crucial to prevent similar incidents in the future in Chongqing, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Li
- Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory for High Pathogenic Microbes, Chongqing, China
| | - Qinpei Zou
- Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory for High Pathogenic Microbes, Chongqing, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- Jiulongpo District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
| | - Qin Li
- Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory for High Pathogenic Microbes, Chongqing, China
| | - Shuquan Luo
- Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory for High Pathogenic Microbes, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhifeng Li
- Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory for High Pathogenic Microbes, Chongqing, China
| | - Chuan Yang
- Xiushan County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
| | - Di Yang
- Xiushan County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhi Huang
- Xiushan County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
| | - Huadong Zhang
- Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory for High Pathogenic Microbes, Chongqing, China
| | - Wenge Tang
- Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory for High Pathogenic Microbes, Chongqing, China
| | - Li Qi
- Chongqing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Chongqing, China
- Chongqing Municipal Key Laboratory for High Pathogenic Microbes, Chongqing, China
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29
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Shan K, Yao Y, Wang J, Zhou T, Zeng X, Zhang M, Ke W, He H, Li C. Effect of probiotic Bacillus cereus DM423 on the flavor formation of fermented sausage. Food Res Int 2023; 172:113210. [PMID: 37689956 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2023.113210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/11/2023]
Abstract
Insufficient protein and fat hydrolysis capacity of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) limit the flavor formation of fermented sausage. Bacillus is known for its substantial expression of proteases and lipases. However, its application in meat fermentation remains underexplored. In this study, a strain of probiotic Bacillus cereus (B. cereus DM423) was employed as a co-starter to improve the quality of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum (L. plantarum HH-LP56) fermented sausage. The addition of DM423 did not interfere with regular fermentation, but it significantly improved the flavor, as measured by electronic tongue and electronic nose. Further analyses using SDS-PAGE and thin-layer chromatography observed enhanced hydrolysis of protein and fat in sausages in which DM423 was involved in fermentation. GC-IMS identified DM423 mediated upregulation of various flavor compounds, including esters, ketones, furans, and branched-chain fatty acids. In addition, genomic de novo sequencing revealed that DM423 carried an abundance of genes associated with proteolysis, lipolysis, and the production of flavor substances, whereas HH-LP56 lacked these genes. Overall, this study finds that B. cereus DM423 can promote flavor formation in fermented sausages. It may illuminate a promising direction for the development of sausage co-starters from a wider microbial pool.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Shan
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, MOE, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, MARA, Jiangsu Synergetic Innovation Center of Meat Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yuanyue Yao
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, MOE, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, MARA, Jiangsu Synergetic Innovation Center of Meat Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, People's Republic of China.
| | - Jingyi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, MOE, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, MARA, Jiangsu Synergetic Innovation Center of Meat Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, People's Republic of China.
| | - Tianming Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, MOE, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, MARA, Jiangsu Synergetic Innovation Center of Meat Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xianming Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, MOE, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, MARA, Jiangsu Synergetic Innovation Center of Meat Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, People's Republic of China.
| | - Miao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, MOE, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, MARA, Jiangsu Synergetic Innovation Center of Meat Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, People's Republic of China.
| | - Weixin Ke
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, MOE, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, MARA, Jiangsu Synergetic Innovation Center of Meat Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hui He
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, MOE, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, MARA, Jiangsu Synergetic Innovation Center of Meat Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, People's Republic of China.
| | - Chunbao Li
- Key Laboratory of Meat Processing and Quality Control, MOE, Key Laboratory of Meat Processing, MARA, Jiangsu Synergetic Innovation Center of Meat Processing and Quality Control, College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210095, People's Republic of China.
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30
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Makuwa SC, Motadi LR, Choene M, Liu Y, Serepa-Dlamini MH. Bacillus dicomae sp. nov., a new member of the Bacillus cereus group isolated from medicinal plant Dicoma anomala. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2023; 73. [PMID: 37877980 DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.006112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2023] Open
Abstract
A Gram-stain-positive, endospore-forming endophytic bacterial strain designated MHSD28T was isolated from surface-sterilized leaves of Dicoma anomala collected from Eisleben, Botlokwa, Limpopo Province, South Africa. The phenotypic and phylogenetic characteristics of strain MHSD28T were consistent with those of members within the Bacillus cereus group. Comparative analysis between this strain and its relatives confirmed that it belongs to this group and forms a monophyletic branch. The digital DNA-DNA hybridization values between strain MHSD28T and its relatives were lower than the 70 % threshold for species delineation. To further determine its phylogenetic position, multi-locus sequence analysis (MLSA) based on five concatenated housekeeping gene (gyrB, atpD, DnaK, rpoB and rpoD) sequences, phenotypic analysis, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) biotyper identification, fatty acid and polar lipid profile analyses were carried out. Phenotypic characterization, MLSA, whole genome sequence based analyses and MALDI-TOF results placed strain MHSD28T within the B. cereus group. The major fatty acids were iso-C15 : 0 and summed feature 3 and the main polar lipids were diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol and phosphatidylethanolamine. The respiratory quinone was menaquinone-7. The cell-wall peptidoglycan structure included meso-diaminopimelic acid. Considering the above results, strain MHSD28T represents a novel species of the B. cereus group, for which the name Bacillus dicomae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is MHSD28T (=BD 2262T=LMG 32287T=CECT 30671T).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sephokoane Cindy Makuwa
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein Campus, PO Box 17011, Doornfontein, 2028, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Lesetja Raymond Motadi
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, Kingsway Campus, PO Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Mpho Choene
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, Kingsway Campus, PO Box 524, Auckland Park, 2006, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Yang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiomics and Precision Application (MARA), State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China,, Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510070, People's Republic of China
| | - Mahloro Hope Serepa-Dlamini
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology, Faculty of Science, University of Johannesburg, Doornfontein Campus, PO Box 17011, Doornfontein, 2028, Johannesburg, South Africa
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31
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Duan M, Li Z, Yan R, Zhou B, Su L, Li M, Xu H, Zhang Z. Mechanism for combined application of biochar and Bacillus cereus to reduce antibiotic resistance genes in copper contaminated soil and lettuce. Sci Total Environ 2023; 884:163422. [PMID: 37087005 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.163422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The remediation of agricultural soil contaminated by antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) is of great significance for protecting food safety and human health. Reducing the availability of copper in soil may control coresistance to ARGs. However, the feasibility of applying nano-biochar and Bacillus cereus to mitigate the spread of ARGs in Cu contaminated soil remains unclear. Therefore, this study investigated the use of biochar with different particle sizes (2 % apple branch biochar and 0.5 % nano-biochar) and 3 g m-2B. cereus in a 60-day pot experiment with growing lettuce. The effects of single and combined application on the abundances of ARGs in Cu-contaminated soil (Cu = 200 mg kg-1) were compared, and the related mechanisms were explored. Studies have shown that the addition of biochar alone is detrimental to mitigating ARGs in soil-lettuce systems. The combined application of 3 g m-2B. cereus and 0.5 % nano-biochar effectively inhibited the proliferation of ARGs in Cu-contaminated soil, and 3 g m-2B. cereus effectively inhibited the proliferation of ARGs in lettuce. Partial least squares-path modeling and network analysis showed that bacterial communities and mobile genetic elements were the key factors that affected the abundances of ARGs in rhizosphere soil, and Cu resistance genes and bioavailable copper (acid extractable state Cu (F1) + reducing state Cu (F2)) had less direct impacts. The bacterial community was the key factor that affected the abundances of ARGs in lettuce. Rhodobacter (Proteobacteria), Corynebacterium (Actinobacteria), and Methylobacterium (Proteobacteria) may have been hosts of ARGs in lettuce plants. B. cereus and nano-biochar affected the abundances of ARGs by improving the soil properties and reducing the soil bioavailability of Cu, as well as directly or indirectly changing the bacterial community composition in soil and lettuce, thereby impeding the transport of ARGs to aboveground plant parts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manli Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Zhijian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China; China Energy Engineering Group Guangxi Electric Power Design Institute Co., Ltd., Nanning 530007, China
| | - Rupan Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Beibei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China.
| | - Lijun Su
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Mingxiu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Hongbo Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Eco-hydraulics in Northwest Arid Region of China, Xi'an University of Technology, Xi'an 710048, China
| | - Zhenshi Zhang
- Northwest Engineering Corporation Limited Power China, Xi'an 710065, China
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Cruz-Facundo IM, Adame-Gómez R, Castro-Alarcón N, Toribio-Jiménez J, Castro-Coronel Y, Santiago-Dionisio MC, Leyva-Vázquez MA, Tafolla-Venegas D, Ramírez-Peralta A. Enterotoxigenic profiles and submerged and interface biofilms in Bacillus cereus group isolates from foods. Rev Argent Microbiol 2023; 55:262-271. [PMID: 37019800 DOI: 10.1016/j.ram.2023.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 01/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Biofilm formation by Bacillus cereus strains is now recognized as a systematic contamination mechanism in foods; the aim of this study was to evaluate the production of submerged and interface biofilms in strains of B. cereus group in different materials, the effect of dextrose, motility, the presence of genes related to biofilms and the enterotoxigenic profile of the strains. We determine biofilm production by safranin assay, motility on semi-solid medium, toxin gene profiling and genes related to biofilm production by PCR in B. cereus group isolated from food. In this study, we observe strains used a higher production of biofilms in PVC; in the BHI broth, no submerged biofilms were found compared to phenol red broth and phenol red broth supplemented with dextrose; no strains with the ces gene were found, the enterotoxin profile was the most common the profile that includes genes for the three enterotoxins. We observed a different distribution of tasA and sipW with the origin of isolation of the strain, being more frequent in the strains isolated from eggshell. The production and type of biofilms are differential according to the type of material and culture medium used.
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Affiliation(s)
- Itzel-Maralhi Cruz-Facundo
- Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Laboratorio de Investigación en Patometabolismo Microbiano, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Chilpancingo de los Bravo, Guerrero 39070, Mexico
| | - Roberto Adame-Gómez
- Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Laboratorio de Investigación en Patometabolismo Microbiano, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Chilpancingo de los Bravo, Guerrero 39070, Mexico
| | - Natividad Castro-Alarcón
- Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Laboratorio de Investigación en Microbiología, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Chilpancingo de los Bravo, Guerrero CP39070, Mexico
| | - Jeiry Toribio-Jiménez
- Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Laboratorio de Investigación en Microbiología Molecular y Biotecnología Ambiental, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Chilpancingo de los Bravo, Guerrero CP39070, Mexico
| | - Yaneth Castro-Coronel
- Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Laboratorio de Investigación en Citopatología e Histoquímica, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Chilpancingo de los Bravo, Guerrero CP39070, Mexico
| | - María-Cristina Santiago-Dionisio
- Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Laboratorio de Investigación en Análisis Microbiológicos, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Chilpancingo de los Bravo, Guerrero CP39070, Mexico
| | - Marco-Antonio Leyva-Vázquez
- Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Laboratorio de Investigación en Biomedicina Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Chilpancingo de los Bravo, Guerrero CP39070, Mexico
| | - David Tafolla-Venegas
- Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo, Facultad de Biología, Laboratorio de Parasitología, Morelia, Michoacan 58004, Mexico
| | - Arturo Ramírez-Peralta
- Universidad Autónoma de Guerrero, Laboratorio de Investigación en Patometabolismo Microbiano, Facultad de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Chilpancingo de los Bravo, Guerrero 39070, Mexico.
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Huijboom L, Tempelaars M, Fan M, Zhu Y, Boeren S, van der Linden E, Abee T. l-tyrosine modulates biofilm formation of Bacillus cereus ATCC 14579. Res Microbiol 2023; 174:104072. [PMID: 37080258 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2023.104072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 04/22/2023]
Abstract
Bacillus cereus is a food-borne pathogen capable of producing biofilms. Following analysis of biofilm formation by B. cereus ATCC 14579 transposon mutants in defined medium (DM), a deletion mutant of bc2939 (Δbc2939) was constructed that showed decreased crystal violet biofilm staining and biofilm cell counts. In addition, Δbc2939 also produced smaller colony biofilms with lower cell counts and loss of wrinkly morphology. The bc2939 gene encodes for Prephenate dehydrogenase, which converts Prephenate to 4-Hydroxy-phenylpyruvate (4-HPPA) in the l-tyrosine branch of the Shikimate pathway. While growth of the mutant and WT in DM was similar, addition of l-tyrosine was required to restore WT-like (colony) biofilm formation. Comparative proteomics showed reduced expression of Tyrosine-protein kinase/phosphatase regulators and extracellular polysaccharide cluster 1 (EPS1) proteins, aerobic electron transfer chain cytochrome aa3/d quinol oxidases, and iso-chorismate synthase involved in menaquinone synthesis in DM grown mutant biofilm cells, while multiple oxidative stress-related catalases and superoxide dismutases were upregulated. Performance in shaking cultures showed a 100-fold lower concentration of menaquinone-7 and reduction in cell counts of DM grown Δbc2939 indicating increased oxygen sensitivity. Combining all results, points to an important role of Tyrosine-modulated EPS1 production and menaquinone-dependent aerobic respiration in B. cereus ATCC 14579 (colony) biofilm formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linda Huijboom
- Food Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708, WG, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Marcel Tempelaars
- Food Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708, WG, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Mingzhen Fan
- Food Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708, WG, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Yourong Zhu
- Food Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708, WG, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Sjef Boeren
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Wageningen University & Research, Stippeneng 4, Wageningen, 6708, WE, the Netherlands.
| | - Erik van der Linden
- Laboratory of Physics and Physical Chemistry of Foods, Wageningen University & Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708, WG, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Tjakko Abee
- Food Microbiology, Wageningen University & Research, Bornse Weilanden 9, 6708, WG, Wageningen, the Netherlands.
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Tourasse NJ, Jolley KA, Kolstø AB, Økstad OA. Core genome multilocus sequence typing scheme for Bacillus cereus group bacteria. Res Microbiol 2023; 174:104050. [PMID: 36893969 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2023.104050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
Abstract
Core genome multilocus sequence typing (cgMLST) employs a strategy where the set of orthologous genes common to all members of a group of organisms are used for phylogenetic analysis of the group members. The Bacillus cereus group consists of species with pathogenicity towards insect species as well as warm-blooded animals including humans. While B. cereus is an opportunistic pathogen linked to a range of human disease conditions, including emesis and diarrhoea, Bacillus thuringiensis is an entomopathogenic species with toxicity toward insect larvae, and therefore used as a biological pesticide worldwide. Bacillus anthracis is a classical obligate pathogen causing anthrax, an acute lethal condition in herbivores as well as humans, and which is endemic in many parts of the world. The group also includes a range of additional species, and B. cereus group bacteria have been subject to analysis with a wide variety of phylogenetic typing systems. Here we present, based on analyses of 173 complete genomes from B. cereus group species available in public databases, the identification of a set of 1568 core genes which were used to create a core genome multilocus typing scheme for the group which is implemented in the PubMLST system as an open online database freely available to the community. The new cgMLST system provides unprecedented resolution over existing phylogenetic analysis schemes covering the B. cereus group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas J Tourasse
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Biosciences, University of Oslo, Norway; University of Bordeaux, CNRS, INSERM, ARNA, UMR 5320, U1212, F-33000 Bordeaux, France.
| | | | - Anne-Brit Kolstø
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Biosciences, University of Oslo, Norway.
| | - Ole Andreas Økstad
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Biosciences, University of Oslo, Norway.
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Broussolle V, Gohar M, Slamti L, Tournier JN. Insights into the Bacillus anthracis, cereus and thuringiensis world through the BACT conference. Res Microbiol 2023; 174:104095. [PMID: 37399933 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2023.104095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- V Broussolle
- INRAE, Avignon Université, UMR SQPOV, Avignon, France
| | - M Gohar
- Micalis Institute, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - L Slamti
- Micalis Institute, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Université Paris-Saclay, Jouy-en-Josas, France.
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Nevers A, Kranzler M, Perchat S, Gohar M, Sorokin A, Lereclus D, Ehling-Schulz M, Sanchis-Borja V. Plasmid - Chromosome interplay in natural and non-natural hosts: global transcription study of three Bacillus cereus group strains carrying pCER270 plasmid. Res Microbiol 2023; 174:104074. [PMID: 37149076 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2023.104074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The Bacillus cereus group comprises genetically related Gram-positive spore-forming bacteria that colonize a wide range of ecological niches and hosts. Despite their high degree of genome conservation, extrachromosomal genetic material diverges between these species. The discriminating properties of the B. cereus group strains are mainly due to plasmid-borne toxins, reflecting the importance of horizontal gene transfers in bacterial evolution and species definition. To investigate how a newly acquired megaplasmid can impact the transcriptome of its host, we transferred the pCER270 from the emetic B. cereus strains to phylogenetically distant B. cereus group strains. RNA-sequencing experiments allowed us to determine the transcriptional influence of the plasmid on host gene expression and the impact of the host genomic background on the pCER270 gene expression. Our results show a transcriptional cross-regulation between the megaplasmid and the host genome. pCER270 impacted carbohydrate metabolism and sporulation genes expression, with a higher effect in the natural host of the plasmid, suggesting a role of the plasmid in the adaptation of the carrying strain to its environment. In addition, the host genomes also modulated the expression of pCER270 genes. Altogether, these results provide an example of the involvement of megaplasmids in the emergence of new pathogenic strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Nevers
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France.
| | - Markus Kranzler
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna; Vienna, Austria
| | - Stéphane Perchat
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Michel Gohar
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Alexei Sorokin
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Didier Lereclus
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France
| | - Monika Ehling-Schulz
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Pathobiology, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna; Vienna, Austria.
| | - Vincent Sanchis-Borja
- Université Paris-Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTech, Micalis Institute, 78350 Jouy-en-Josas, France.
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Trunet C, Cauquil A, Hymery N, Koullen L, Postollec F, Coroller L. Are Bacillus thuringiensis strains like any other Bacillus cereus strains? Phenotypic-based tools to locate Bacillus thuringiensis in the diversity of the Bacillus cereus sensu lato group. Res Microbiol 2023; 174:104077. [PMID: 37149077 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2023.104077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Some Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) strains are used as pesticide agent. This species belongs to Bacillus cereus (Bc) group which contains many species with a high phenotypic diversity, and could be pathogenic like B. cereus. The aim of this study was to characterize the phenotype of 90 strains belonging to Bc group, half of which were Bt. Knowing that Bt strains belong to different phylogenetic Bc groups, do Bt strains have the same phenotype than other Bc group strains? Five phenotypic parameters were estimated for 90 strains in the Bc group, of which 43 were Bt strains: minimal, maximal and optimal growth temperature, cytotoxicity on Caco-2 cells, heat resistance of spores. The dataset was processed by principal component analysis, showing that 53% of the variance of the profiles corresponded to factors linked to growth, heat resistance and cytotoxicity. The phenotype followed the phylogenetic groups based on panC. Bt strains showed similar behavior to other strains in the Bc group, in our experimental conditions. Commercial bio-insecticide strains were mesophilic with low heat resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Trunet
- Univ Brest, INRAE, Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Écologie Microbienne, UMT ACTIA 19.03 Alter'iX, F-29000 Quimper, France.
| | - A Cauquil
- ANSES - Unité SBCL (Staphylocoques, Bacillus, Clostridies et Lait) - Département des contaminants microbiologiques des aliments - Laboratoire de sécurité des aliments, F-94701 Maisons Alfort Cedex, France
| | - N Hymery
- Univ Brest, INRAE, Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Écologie Microbienne, UMT ACTIA 19.03 Alter'iX, F-29000 Quimper, France
| | - L Koullen
- Univ Brest, INRAE, Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Écologie Microbienne, UMT ACTIA 19.03 Alter'iX, F-29000 Quimper, France
| | - F Postollec
- ADRIA UMT ACTIA 19.03 ALTER'iX - Département Qualité & Sécurité des aliments, F-29196 Quimper, France
| | - L Coroller
- Univ Brest, INRAE, Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Écologie Microbienne, UMT ACTIA 19.03 Alter'iX, F-29000 Quimper, France
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Zou X, Suo CL, Geng XM, Li CY, Fu HH, Zhang Y, Wang P, Sun ML. Complete genome sequence of Bacillus cereus 2-6A, a marine exopolysaccharide-producing bacterium isolated from deep-sea hydrothermal sediment of the Pacific Ocean. Mar Genomics 2023; 69:101029. [PMID: 37100528 DOI: 10.1016/j.margen.2023.101029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
Bacillus cereus 2-6A, was isolated from the sediments in the hydrothermal area of the Pacific Ocean with a water depth of 2628 m. In this study, we report the whole genome sequence of strain 2-6A and analyze that to understand its metabolic capacities and biosynthesis potential of natural products. The genome of strain 2-6A consists of a circular chromosome of 5,191,018 bp with a GC content of 35.3 mol% and two plasmids of 234,719 bp and 411,441 bp, respectively. Genomic data mining reveals that strain 2-6A has several gene clusters involved in exopolysaccharides (EPSs) and polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) production and complex polysaccharides degradation. It also possesses a variety of genes for allowing strain 2-6A to cope with osmotic stress, oxidative stress, heat shock, cold shock and heavy metal stress, which could play a vital role in the adaptability of the strain to hydrothermal environments. Gene clusters for secondary metabolite production, such as lasso peptide and siderophore, are also predicted. Therefore, genome sequencing and data mining provide insights into the molecular mechanisms of Bacillus in adapting to hydrothermal deep ocean environments and can facilitate further experimental exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zou
- College of Marine Life Sciences, and Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Chuan-Lei Suo
- College of Marine Life Sciences, and Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Xiao-Mei Geng
- College of Marine Life Sciences, and Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Chun-Yang Li
- College of Marine Life Sciences, and Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Hui-Hui Fu
- College of Marine Life Sciences, and Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, and Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China
| | - Peng Wang
- College of Marine Life Sciences, and Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
| | - Mei-Ling Sun
- College of Marine Life Sciences, and Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China.
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Luo Y, Li M, Wang T, Zhou NN, Qiao F, Du ZY, Zhang ML. Bacillus cereus Alters Bile Acid Composition and Alleviates High-Carbohydrate Diet-Induced Hepatic Lipid Accumulation in Nile Tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus). J Agric Food Chem 2023; 71:4825-4836. [PMID: 36926869 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.2c07945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
A high-carbohydrate diet (HCD) can induce excessive fat accumulation in fish, and intestinal microbiota are thought to play important roles in host metabolism. Whether and how intestinal bacteria alleviate the HCD-induced metabolic disorders in fish have attracted more attention. Bacillus cereus was isolated from the intestine content of Nile tilapia. The control diet, high-carbohydrate diet (HC), and HC supplemented with B. cereus Su1 (HCS) were used to feed juvenile Nile tilapia for 8 weeks. The results of the present study showed that B. cereus Su1 supplementation decreased the serum glucose, triglycerides (TG), and reduced hepatic lipid accumulation compared with the HC group. The intestinal bacterial composition analysis suggested that HCS elevated bacterial diversity and the enriched bacteria were closely related to bile acid (BA) metabolism. Higher bile salt hydrolase (BSH) activity was found in the HCS group and B-targeted metabolomic analysis revealed that HCS increased BA content in the intestine and liver compared with HC, including unconjugated BAs (CA and CDCA) and conjugated BAs (TCA, GCA, TCDCA, GCDCA, TDCA, and TUDCA). Furthermore, a high-carbohydrate diet supplemented with B. cereus Su1 significantly enhanced the protein expression of the BA receptor farnesoid X receptor in the liver and decreased significantly the expression level of lipid synthesis-related genes and proteins, while it had no significant effect on lipolysis-related genes and proteins. This study found that B. cereus Su1 altered the intestinal microbiota and bile acid content and composition to regulate the lipid metabolism, revealing the function of the crosstalk among probiotics, intestinal microbiota, and BAs in ameliorating lipid accumulation induced by a high-carbohydrate diet in fish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Luo
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Miao Li
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Tong Wang
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Nan-Nan Zhou
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Fang Qiao
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Zhen-Yu Du
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Mei-Ling Zhang
- Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health (LANEH), School of Life Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
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Anusha P, Ragavendran C, Kamaraj C, Sangeetha K, Thesai AS, Natarajan D, Malafaia G. Eco-friendly bioremediation of pollutants from contaminated sewage wastewater using special reference bacterial strain of Bacillus cereus SDN1 and their genotoxicological assessment in Allium cepa. Sci Total Environ 2023; 863:160935. [PMID: 36527898 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The present study aimed to assess the Bacillus cereus SDN1 native bacterium's ability to clean up contaminated or polluted water. The isolated bacterium was identified by its morphological and biochemical characteristics, which were then confirmed at the genus level. Furthermore, the isolated B. cereus (NCBI accession No: MW828583) was identified genomically by PCR amplifying 16 s rDNA using a universal primer. The phylogenetic analysis of the rDNA sequence was analyzed to determine the taxonomic and evolutionary profile of the isolate of the previously identified Bacillus sp. Besides, B. cereus and the bacterial consortium were treated using sewage wastewater. After 15 days of treatment, the following pollutants or chemicals were reduced: total hardness particles removal varied from 63.33 % to 67.55 %, calcium removal varied from 90 % to 93.33 %, and total nitrate decreased range from 37.77 % to 22.22 %, respectively. Electrical conductivity ranged from 1809 mS/cm to 2500 mS/cm, and pH values ranged from 6.5 to 8.95. The outcome of in-situ remediation results suggested that B. cereus has a noticeable remediation efficiency to the suspended particles. A root tip test was also used to investigate the genotoxicity of treated and untreated sewage-contaminated waters on onion (Allium cepa) root cells. The highest chromosomal aberrations and mitotic inhibition were found in roots exposed to contaminated sewage water, and their results displayed chromosome abnormalities, including disorganized, sticky chain, disturbed metaphase, chromosomal displacement in anaphase, abnormal telophase, spindle disturbances, and binucleate cells observed in A. cepa exposed to untreated contaminated water. The study can thus be applied as a biomarker to detect the genotoxic impacts of sewage water pollution on biota. Furthermore, based on an identified bacterial consortium, this work offers a low-cost and eco-favorable method for treating household effluents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ponniah Anusha
- Department of Science and Humanities, Kongunadu College of Engineering and Technology, Tholurpatti, Trichy 621 215, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Chinnasamy Ragavendran
- Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics, Saveetha Dental College, and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Chennai 600 077, India.
| | - Chinnaperumal Kamaraj
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Indian System of Medicine (IIISM), SRM Institute of Science and Technology (SRMIST), Kattankulathur, Chennai 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kanagaraj Sangeetha
- Natural Drug Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences, Periyar University, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Devarajan Natarajan
- Natural Drug Research Laboratory, Department of Biotechnology, School of Biosciences, Periyar University, Salem, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Guilherme Malafaia
- Laboratory of Toxicology Applied to the Environment, Goiano Federal Institute, Urutaí, GO, Brazil.; Post-Graduation Program in Conservation of Cerrado Natural Resources, Goiano Federal Institute, Urutaí, GO, Brazil.; Post-Graduation Program in Ecology, Conservation, and Biodiversity, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.; Post-Graduation Program in Biotechnology and Biodiversity, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, GO, Brazil..
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Ateiah M, Gandalipov ER, Rubel AA, Rubel MS, Kolpashchikov DM. DNA Nanomachine (DNM) Biplex Assay for Differentiating Bacillus cereus Species. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054473. [PMID: 36901903 PMCID: PMC10003685 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 03/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Conventional methods for the detection and differentiation of Bacillus cereus group species have drawbacks mostly due to the complexity of genetic discrimination between the Bacillus cereus species. Here, we describe a simple and straightforward assay based on the detected unamplified bacterial 16S rRNA by DNA nanomachine (DNM). The assay uses a universal fluorescent reporter and four all-DNA binding fragments, three of which are responsible for "opening up" the folded rRNA while the fourth stand is responsible for detecting single nucleotide variation (SNV) with high selectivity. Binding of the DNM to 16S rRNA results in the formation of the 10-23 deoxyribozyme catalytic core that cleaves the fluorescent reporter and produces a signal, which is amplified over time due to catalytic turnover. This developed biplex assay enables the detection of B. thuringiensis 16S rRNA at fluorescein and B. mycoides at Cy5 channels with a limit of detection of 30 × 103 and 35 × 103 CFU/mL, respectively, after 1.5 h with a hands-on time of ~10 min. The new assay may simplify the analysis of biological RNA samples and might be useful for environmental monitoring as a simple and inexpensive alternative to amplification-based nucleic acid analysis. The DNM proposed here may become an advantageous tool for detecting SNV in clinically significant DNA or RNA samples and can easily differentiate SNV under broadly variable experimental conditions and without prior amplification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhannad Ateiah
- Laboratory of Solution Chemistry of Advanced Materials and Technologies, ITMO University, Lomonosova St. 9, St. Petersburg 191002, Russia; (M.A.); (E.R.G.); (M.S.R.)
| | - Erik R. Gandalipov
- Laboratory of Solution Chemistry of Advanced Materials and Technologies, ITMO University, Lomonosova St. 9, St. Petersburg 191002, Russia; (M.A.); (E.R.G.); (M.S.R.)
| | - Aleksandr A. Rubel
- Laboratory of Amyloid Biology, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya enb. 7-9, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia;
| | - Maria S. Rubel
- Laboratory of Solution Chemistry of Advanced Materials and Technologies, ITMO University, Lomonosova St. 9, St. Petersburg 191002, Russia; (M.A.); (E.R.G.); (M.S.R.)
| | - Dmitry M. Kolpashchikov
- Laboratory of Solution Chemistry of Advanced Materials and Technologies, ITMO University, Lomonosova St. 9, St. Petersburg 191002, Russia; (M.A.); (E.R.G.); (M.S.R.)
- Chemistry Department, University of Central Florida, 4000 Central Florida Boulevard, Orlando, FL 32816-2366, USA
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA
- Correspondence:
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Jaiswal S, Singh DK, Shukla P. Degradation effectiveness of hexachlorohexane (ϒ-HCH) by bacterial isolate Bacillus cereus SJPS-2, its gene annotation for bioremediation and comparison with Pseudomonas putida KT2440. Environ Pollut 2023; 318:120867. [PMID: 36528203 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The contamination of Hexachlorohexane (Lindane) in soil and water has toxic effects due to its persistent nature. In our study, an indigenous HCH (gamma isomer) degrading bacterium viz Bacillus cereus SJPS-2 was isolated from Yamuna river water using enrichment culture method. The growth curve indicated that Bacillus cereus SJPS-2 was able to degrade ϒ-HCH effectively with 80.98% degradation. Further, process was improved by using immobilization using alginate beads which showed enhanced degradation (89.34%). Interestingly, in presence of fructose, the ϒ-HCH degradation was up to 79.24% with exponential growth curve whereas the degradation was only 5.61% in presence of glucose revealing diauxic growth curve. Furthermore, The FTIR results confirmed the potential lindane degradation capability of Bacillus cereus SJPS-2 and the bonds were recorded at wavelengths viz. 2900-2500 cm-1, 3300-2800 cm-1 and 785-540 cm-1. Similarity, the GC studies also reconfirmed the degradation potential with retention time (RT) of ethyl acetate and lindane was 2.12 and 11.0 respectively. Further, we studied the metabolic pathway involved for lindane utilization in Bacillus cereus using KEGG-KASS and functional gene annotation through Rapid Annotation using Subsystems Technology (RAST) resulted in the annotation of the lin genes (lin A, lin B, lin C, lin X, lin D, lin E) and respective encoding enzymes. The comparative ϒ-HCH degradation potential of B. cereus and P. putida KT2440 was also evaluated. The island viewer showed the different colors on circular genome indicate the coordinates of genomic islands resulted with some common genomic islands (GEIs) between both bacteria indicating the possibility of horizontal gene transfer at contaminated site or natural environment. These genomic islands (GEIs) contribute in the rearrangement genetic material or to evolve bacteria in stress conditions, as a result the metabolic pathways evolve by formation of catabolic genes. This study establishes the potential of Bacillus cereus SJPS-2 for effectual ϒ-HCH degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Jaiswal
- Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India
| | - Dileep Kumar Singh
- Soil Microbial Ecology and Environmental Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110007, India
| | - Pratyoosh Shukla
- Department of Microbiology, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, 124001, Haryana, India; Enzyme Technology and Protein Bioinformatics Laboratory, School of Biotechnology, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
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43
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Wang Y, Cai J, Li D. Efficient degradation of rice straw through a novel psychrotolerant Bacillus cereus at low temperature. J Sci Food Agric 2023; 103:1394-1403. [PMID: 36138337 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.12233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Rice straw (RS) is one of the largest sources of lignocellulosic, which is an abundant raw material for biofuels and chemicals. However, the natural degradation of RS under a low temperature environment is the biggest obstacle to returning straw to the field. RESULTS In the present study, one bacillus strain W118 was isolated. Strain W118 was identified as Bacillus cereus through morphological and physiological characterization and 16S rDNA sequencing. The optimum growth temperature and pH of strain W118 were 20 °C and 6.5, respectively. Simultaneously, it was found that the strain W118 grew well at low temperature, even at a temperature of 4 °C (OD600 = 1.40 ± 0.01). The decrease of various compositions of RS after the fermentation process at a temperature of 20 °C and 4 °C for 14 days was 27.00 ± 0.02% and 23.70 ± 0.04%, respectively. The composition of RS decreased to 50.71 ± 0.02% after being fermented at 4 °C for 25 days. The results of scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction of RS showed that the compositions of RS were significant decreased. CONCLUSION This test suggests that the strain W118 is efficient for degrading RS at low temperature, which has great application potential for straw degradation in a low temperature area. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Chemistry and Food Technology (TUST) Ministry of Education, College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Jinling Cai
- Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Chemistry and Food Technology (TUST) Ministry of Education, College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin, China
| | - Demao Li
- Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Tianjin Key Laboratory for Industrial Biosystems and Bioprocessing Engineering, Tianjin, China
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Nzila A, Musa MM, Afuecheta E, Al-Thukair A, Sankaran S, Xiang L, Li QX. Benzo[A]Pyrene Biodegradation by Multiple and Individual Mesophilic Bacteria under Axenic Conditions and in Soil Samples. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:1855. [PMID: 36767220 PMCID: PMC9914810 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20031855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Revised: 12/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
To date, only a handful of bacterial strains that can independently degrade and utilize benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) as the sole carbon source has been isolated and characterized. Here, three new bacterial strains-JBZ1A, JBZ2B, and JBZ5E-were isolated from contaminated soil and, using 16S rRNA sequencing, were identified as Brad rhizobium japonicum, Micrococcus luteus, and Bacillus cereus, respectively. The growth ability of each individual strain and a consortium of all strains in the presence of BaP (4-400 µmol·L-1, pH 7, 37 °C) was identified by the doubling time (dt). The results illustrate that dt decreased with increasing BaP concentrations for individual strains and the consortium. The optimum growth conditions of the consortium were 37 °C, 0.5% NaCl (w/v), and pH 7. Under these conditions, the degradation rate was 1.06 µmol·L-1·day-1, whereas that of individual strains ranged from 0.9 to 0.38 µmol·L-1·day-1. B. cereus had the strongest contribution to the consortium's activity, with a degradation rate of 0.9 µmol·L-1·day-1. The consortium could also remove BaP spiked with soil but at a lower rate (0.01 µmol L-1.day-1). High-performance liquid chromatography-high-resolution tandem mass spectrometry permitted the detection of the metabolites of these strains, and a biodegradation pathway is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Nzila
- Department of Bioengineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Membranes and Water Security, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Musa M. Musa
- Department of Chemistry, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
- Interdisciplinary Research Center for Refining and Advanced Chemicals, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Emmanuel Afuecheta
- Departments of Mathematics, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Assad Al-Thukair
- Department of Bioengineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saravanan Sankaran
- Department of Bioengineering, King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lei Xiang
- Guangdong Provincial Research Center for Environment Pollution Control and Remediation Materials, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Qing X. Li
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA
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Hu J, Dong B, Wang D, Meng H, Li X, Zhou H. Genomic and metabolic features of Bacillus cereus, inhibiting the growth of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum by synthesizing secondary metabolites. Arch Microbiol 2023; 205:8. [PMID: 36454319 PMCID: PMC9715469 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-022-03351-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the biocontrol mechanism of Bacillus cereus CF4-51 to find powerful microbes that effectively control Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. To assess its inhibitory effect on fungal growth, the plant pathogen (S. sclerotiorum) was co-cultured with Bacillus cereus. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) was used to study the morphology of S. sclerotiorum treated with CF4-51 biofumigant. The expression of sclerotium formation-related genes was analyzed by qRT-PCR. We performed whole genome sequencing of CF4-51 by PacBio Sequel platform. Lipopeptides were extracted from strain CF4-51 according to the method of hydrochloric acid precipitation and methanol dissolution. The volatiles CF4-51 were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). We found that the volatile organic compounds (VOCs) released by CF4-51 damaged the S. sclerotiorum hyphae and inhibited the formation of sclerotia. The qRT-PCR data revealed the down-regulated expression of the genes involved in sclerotial formation. Moreover, we analyzed the B. cereus CF4-51 genome and metabolites. The genome consisted of 5.35 Mb, with a GC content of 35.74%. An examination of the genome revealed the presence of several gene clusters for the biosynthesis of antibiotics, siderophores, and various other bioactive compounds, including those belonging to the NRPS-like, LAP, RIPP-like, NRPS, betalactone, CDPS, terpene, ladderane, ranthipeptide, and lanthipeptide (class II) categories. A gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis identified 45 VOCs produced by strain CF4-51. Among these, technical grade formulations of five were chosen for further study: 2-Pentadecanone, 6,10,14-trimethyl-,1,2-Benzenedicarboxylic acid, bis(2-methylpropyl) ester, Dibutyl phthalate, Cyclododecane, Heptadecane. the five major constituents play important roles in the antifungal activity of the VOCs CF4-51 on the growth of S. sclerotiorum. The secondary metabolites produced by strain CF4-51are critical for the inhibition of S. sclerotiorum hyphal growth and sclerotial formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghan Hu
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010020 Inner Mongolia China
| | - Baozhu Dong
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010020 Inner Mongolia China
- Inner Mongolia Cold and Arid Region Crop Protection Engineering Technology Center, Hohhot, 010020 Inner Mongolia China
| | - Dong Wang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010020 Inner Mongolia China
- Inner Mongolia Cold and Arid Region Crop Protection Engineering Technology Center, Hohhot, 010020 Inner Mongolia China
| | - Huanwen Meng
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010020 Inner Mongolia China
- Inner Mongolia Cold and Arid Region Crop Protection Engineering Technology Center, Hohhot, 010020 Inner Mongolia China
| | - Xiaojuan Li
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010020 Inner Mongolia China
| | - Hongyou Zhou
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010020 Inner Mongolia China
- Inner Mongolia Cold and Arid Region Crop Protection Engineering Technology Center, Hohhot, 010020 Inner Mongolia China
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Rajivgandhi G, Ramachandran G, Chackaravarthi G, Maruthupandy M, Quero F, Chelliah CK, Manoharan N, Alharbi NS, Kadaikunnan S, Khaled JM, Li WJ. Metal tolerance and biosorption of Pb ions by Bacillus cereus RMN 1 (MK521259) isolated from metal contaminated sites. Chemosphere 2022; 308:136270. [PMID: 36057355 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Revised: 08/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Recent years, metal pollution is an alarming factor to know about protects the environmental ecosystem due to the toxic, persistent and abundant in nature. Metals are present everywhere in the biotic and abiotic samples including soil, water, and microbes. The rate of bioaccumulation and biotransformation are very high. The excess concentration of the metals causes heavy metal pollution or contamination. Due to these defects, the removal of metals using biological sources is heightened in the current research. In this current investigation, the biosorption potential ability of the metal tolerable Bacillus cereus on Pb and Cu rich environment was chosen and thoroughly monitored. The 16s rRNA of the Bacillus cereus was sequenced, and named as Bacillus cereus RMN 1 (MK521259). The various test concentration (10-60 mg/mL) of Pb and Cu was exhibited the maximum removal percentages of 85.2% and 60.2%. The result of bisorption factors exhibited, 300 mg/mL of the biosorbent potency, 60 min contact time and pH 7, and they found to be optimal to remove the maximum of Pb ion from the solution. In the regression coefficients, the Freundlich and Langmuir isotherm models were used to study the adsorption kinetics of metal ions. In addition, the isotherm model confirmed that the of B. cereus biomass medicated metal adsorption was more favourable reaction for metal degradation. With the above evidences, the results of the present investigation proved that B. cereus derived biomass was actively adsorbing the metals ions. Thus we are recommending for the implementation of effective waste water treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Govindan Rajivgandhi
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China; Department of Marine Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024, Tamil Nadu, India; Laboratorio de Nanocelulosa y Biomateriales, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Biotecnología y Materiales, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile, Avenida Beauchef 851, Santiago, Chile
| | - Govindan Ramachandran
- Department of Marine Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | | | - Muthuchamy Maruthupandy
- Lab of Toxicology, Department of Health Sciences, The Graduate School of Dong-A University, 37, Nakdong-Dearo 550 Beon-Gil, Saha-Gu Busan, 49315, South Korea
| | - Franck Quero
- Laboratorio de Nanocelulosa y Biomateriales, Departamento de Ingeniería Química, Biotecnología y Materiales, Facultad de Ciencias Físicas y Matemáticas, Universidad de Chile, Avenida Beauchef 851, Santiago, Chile.
| | - Chenthis Kanisha Chelliah
- Department of Nanotechnology, Noorul Islam Centre for Higher Education, Thuckalay, Kumaracoil, Tamil Nadu, 629180, India
| | - Natesan Manoharan
- Department of Marine Science, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli, 620024, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Naiyf S Alharbi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shine Kadaikunnan
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jamal M Khaled
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Wen-Jun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources and Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, PR China.
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Chen Y, Zhu Y, Zhang X, Song J, Wang D, Gong X, Wang Z. Complete Genome Sequence Resource of Bacillus cereus Gsicc 30237, Isolated from Cabbage Planting Soil. Mol Plant Microbe Interact 2022; 35:1056-1059. [PMID: 36306438 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-07-22-0148-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yukun Chen
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Exploitation and Application of Gansu Province, Institute of Biology, Gansu Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Exploitation and Application of Gansu Province, Institute of Biology, Gansu Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiaopeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, National Engineering Research Center of Microbial Pesticides, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430000, China
| | - Jie Song
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Exploitation and Application of Gansu Province, Institute of Biology, Gansu Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Dan Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xiaofang Gong
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Exploitation and Application of Gansu Province, Institute of Biology, Gansu Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zhiye Wang
- Key Laboratory of Microbial Resources Exploitation and Application of Gansu Province, Institute of Biology, Gansu Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China
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Elsayed A, Abdelsattar AM, Heikal YM, El-Esawi MA. Synergistic effects of Azospirillum brasilense and Bacillus cereus on plant growth, biochemical attributes and molecular genetic regulation of steviol glycosides biosynthetic genes in Stevia rebaudiana. Plant Physiol Biochem 2022; 189:24-34. [PMID: 36041365 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.08.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The current study aimed to scale up the favorable bio-stimulants for enhancing the growth and breeding strategies of Stevia rebaudiana to increase sugar productivity. Inoculation of 45-day-old S. rebaudiana plantlets with Bacillus cereus and Azospirillum brasilense alone or in combination for 30 days allowed comparisons among their effects on enhancement and improvement of plant growth, production of bioactive compounds and expression of steviol glycoside genes. B. cereus SrAM1 isolated from surface-sterilized Stevia rebaudiana leaves was molecularly identified using 16s rRNA and tested for its ability to promote plant growth. Beneficial endophytic B. cereus SrAM1 induced all plant growth-promoting traits, except solubilization of phosphate, therefore it showed high effectiveness in the promotion of growth and production of bioactive compounds. Treatment of plants with B. cereus SrAM1 alone revealed carbohydrates content of 278.99 mg/g, total soluble sugar of 114.17 mg/g, total phenolics content of 34.05 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g dry weight) and total antioxidants activity of 32.33 mg (A.A)/g dry weight). Thus, plantlets inoculated with B. cereus SrAM1 alone exhibited the greatest responses in physiological and morphological parameters, but plantlets inoculated with B. cereus SrAM1 + A. brasilense showed a maximal upregulation of genes responsible for the biosynthesis of steviol glycosides (Kaurene oxidase, ent-KO; UDP-dependent glycosyl transferases of UGT85C2, UGT74G1, UGT76G1). Taken together, the used bacterial strains, particularly B. cereus SrAM1 could significantly improve the growth of S. rebaudiana via dynamic interactions in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf Elsayed
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, 35516, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Amal M Abdelsattar
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, 35516, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Yasmin M Heikal
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, 35516, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A El-Esawi
- Botany Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt.
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Jung J, Jin H, Seo S, Jeong M, Kim B, Ryu K, Oh K. Short Communication: Enterotoxin Genes and Antibiotic Susceptibility of Bacillus cereus Isolated from Garlic Chives and Agricultural Environment. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:12159. [PMID: 36231461 PMCID: PMC9564537 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the enterotoxin profiles and antibiotic susceptibility of Bacillus cereus isolated from garlic chives and environmental samples. A total of 103 B. cereus isolates were used to identify enterotoxin genes, including hblA, hblC, hblD, nheA, nheB, and nheC. The hemolysin BL enterotoxin complex (hblACD) was detected in 38 isolates (36.9%), and the non-hemolytic enterotoxin complex (nheABC) was detected in 8 (7.8%) isolates. Forty-five isolates (43.7%) had hblACD and nheABC genes. B. cereus was resistant to β-lactam antibiotics and susceptible to non-β-lactam antibiotics. However, some B. cereus strains showed intermediate resistance to β-lactam and non-β-lactam antibiotics. B. cereus isolated from garlic chives showed intermediate resistance to cefotaxime (7.7%), rifampin (15.4%), clindamycin (30.8%), erythromycin (7.7%), and tetracycline (7.7%). B. cereus isolates from the agricultural environment were moderately resistant to cefotaxime (18.9%), rifampin (15.6%), clindamycin (12.2%), erythromycin (4.4%), and tetracycline (5.6%). Moreover, B. cereus isolates from garlic chives and cultivation environments could change their antibiotic resistance profile from susceptible to intermediate-resistant to rifampin, clindamycin, erythromycin, and tetracycline and exhibit multidrug resistance. These results indicate that continuous monitoring of B. cereus contamination in the produce and agricultural environment might be needed to ensure the safety of consuming fresh vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jieun Jung
- Functional Food Division, Department of Agro-Food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Jeolloabuk-do, Korea
| | - Hyeonsuk Jin
- Microbial Safety Division, Department of Agro-food Safety and Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - Seungmi Seo
- Microbial Safety Division, Department of Agro-food Safety and Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - Myeongin Jeong
- Microbial Safety Division, Department of Agro-food Safety and Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - Boeun Kim
- Microbial Safety Division, Department of Agro-food Safety and Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - Kyoungyul Ryu
- Microbial Safety Division, Department of Agro-food Safety and Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
| | - Kwangkyo Oh
- Microbial Safety Division, Department of Agro-food Safety and Crop Protection, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju-gun 55365, Jeollabuk-do, Korea
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50
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Carroll LM, Matle I, Kovac J, Cheng RA, Wiedmann M. Laboratory Misidentifications Resulting from Taxonomic Changes to Bacillus cereus Group Species, 2018-2022. Emerg Infect Dis 2022; 28:1877-1881. [PMID: 35997597 PMCID: PMC9423903 DOI: 10.3201/eid2809.220293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) is being applied increasingly to Bacillus cereus group species; however, misinterpretation of WGS results may have severe consequences. We report 3 cases, 1 of which was an outbreak, in which misinterpretation of B. cereus group WGS results hindered communication within public health and industrial laboratories.
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