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Kadlecová Z, Sevriugina V, Lysáková K, Rychetský M, Chamradová I, Vojtová L. Liposomes Affect Protein Release and Stability of ITA-Modified PLGA-PEG-PLGA Hydrogel Carriers for Controlled Drug Delivery. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:67-76. [PMID: 38135465 PMCID: PMC10777393 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2023] [Revised: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Fat grafting, a key regenerative medicine technique, often requires repeat procedures due to high-fat reabsorption and volume loss. Addressing this, a novel drug delivery system uniquely combines a thermosensitive, FDA-approved hydrogel (itaconic acid-modified PLGA-PEG-PLGA copolymer) with FGF2-STAB, a stable fibroblast growth factor 2 with a 21-day stability, far exceeding a few hours of wild-type FGF2's stability. Additionally, the growth factor was encapsulated in "green" liposomes prepared via the Mozafari method, ensuring pH protection. The system, characterized by first-order FGF2-STAB release, employs green chemistry for biocompatibility, bioactivity, and eco-friendliness. The liposomes, with diameters of 85.73 ± 3.85 nm and 68.6 ± 2.2% encapsulation efficiency, allowed controlled FGF2-STAB release from the hydrogel compared to the unencapsulated FGF2-STAB. Yet, the protein compromised the carrier's hydrolytic stability. Prior tests were conducted on model proteins human albumin (efficiency 80.8 ± 3.2%) and lysozyme (efficiency 81.0 ± 2.7%). This injectable thermosensitive system could advance reconstructive medicine and cosmetic procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuzana Kadlecová
- Central
European Institute of Technology, Brno University
of Technology, Purkyňova
656/123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Veronika Sevriugina
- Central
European Institute of Technology, Brno University
of Technology, Purkyňova
656/123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Klára Lysáková
- Central
European Institute of Technology, Brno University
of Technology, Purkyňova
656/123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Matěj Rychetský
- Faculty
of Chemistry, Brno University of Technology, Purkyňova 464, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Ivana Chamradová
- Central
European Institute of Technology, Brno University
of Technology, Purkyňova
656/123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Lucy Vojtová
- Central
European Institute of Technology, Brno University
of Technology, Purkyňova
656/123, 612 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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2
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Yu S, Zheng Y, Guo Q, Li W, Ye L, Gao B. Mechanism of Pulp Regeneration Based on Concentrated Growth Factors Regulating Cell Differentiation. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10050513. [PMID: 37237583 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10050513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Concentrated growth factors (CGF) is the newest generation platelet concentrate product, which has been reported to promote the proliferation and differentiation of human dental pulp cells (hDPCs). However, the effect of liquid phase of CGF (LPCGF) has not been reported. This study was aimed to evaluate the influence of LPCGF on the biological properties of hDPCs, and to explore the in vivo mechanism of dental pulp regeneration based on the hDPCs-LPCGF complex transplantation. It was found that LPCGF could promote the proliferation, migration and odontogenic differentiation of hDPCs, and 25% LPCGF induced the most mineralization nodule formation and the highest DSPP gene expression. The heterotopic transplantation of the hDPCs-LPCGF complex resulted in the formation of regenerative pulp tissue with newly formed dentin, neovascularization and nerve-like tissue. Together, these findings provide key data on the effect of LPCGF on the proliferation, migration, odontogenic/osteogenic differentiation of hDPCs, and the in vivo mechanism of hDPCs-LPCGF complex autologous transplantation in pulp regeneration therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sijing Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Yi Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Qiang Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Wenxu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Ling Ye
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Bo Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Cariology and Endodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
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3
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Emam M, Caballero-Solares A, Xue X, Umasuthan N, Milligan B, Taylor RG, Balder R, Rise ML. Gill and Liver Transcript Expression Changes Associated With Gill Damage in Atlantic Salmon ( Salmo salar). Front Immunol 2022; 13:806484. [PMID: 35418993 PMCID: PMC8996064 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.806484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Gill damage represents a significant challenge in the teleost fish aquaculture industry globally, due to the gill’s involvement in several vital functions and direct contact with the surrounding environment. To examine the local and systemic effects accompanying gill damage (which is likely to negatively affect gill function) of Atlantic salmon, we performed a field sampling to collect gill and liver tissue after several environmental insults (e.g., harmful algal blooms). Before sampling, gills were visually inspected and gill damage was scored; gill scores were assigned from pristine [gill score 0 (GS0)] to severely damaged gills (GS3). Using a 44K salmonid microarray platform, we aimed to compare the transcriptomes of pristine and moderately damaged (i.e., GS2) gill tissue. Rank Products analysis (5% percentage of false-positives) identified 254 and 34 upregulated and downregulated probes, respectively, in GS2 compared with GS0. Differentially expressed probes represented genes associated with functions including gill remodeling, wound healing, and stress and immune responses. We performed gill and liver qPCR for all four gill damage scores using microarray-identified and other damage-associated biomarker genes. Transcripts related to wound healing (e.g., neb and klhl41b) were significantly upregulated in GS2 compared with GS0 in the gills. Also, transcripts associated with immune and stress-relevant pathways were dysregulated (e.g., downregulation of snaclec 1-like and upregulation of igkv3) in GS2 compared with GS0 gills. The livers of salmon with moderate gill damage (i.e., GS2) showed significant upregulation of transcripts related to wound healing (i.e., chtop), apoptosis (e.g., bnip3l), blood coagulation (e.g., f2 and serpind1b), transcription regulation (i.e., pparg), and stress-responses (e.g., cyp3a27) compared with livers of GS0 fish. We performed principal component analysis (PCA) using transcript levels for gill and liver separately. The gill PCA showed that PC1 significantly separated GS2 from all other gill scores. The genes contributing most to this separation were pgam2, des, neb, tnnt2, and myom1. The liver PCA showed that PC1 significantly separated GS2 from GS0; levels of hsp70, cyp3a27, pparg, chtop, and serpind1b were the highest contributors to this separation. Also, hepatic acute phase biomarkers (e.g., serpind1b and f2) were positively correlated to each other and to gill damage. Gill damage-responsive biomarker genes and associated qPCR assays arising from this study will be valuable in future research aimed at developing therapeutic diets to improve farmed salmon welfare.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Emam
- Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | | | - Xi Xue
- Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
| | | | | | - Richard G Taylor
- Cargill Animal Nutrition and Health, Elk River, MN, United States
| | - Rachel Balder
- Cargill Animal Nutrition and Health, Elk River, MN, United States
| | - Matthew L Rise
- Department of Ocean Sciences, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
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4
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The science of anastomotic healing. SEMINARS IN COLON AND RECTAL SURGERY 2022; 33. [DOI: 10.1016/j.scrs.2022.100879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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5
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The role for miRNA146b-5p in the attenuation of dermal fibrosis and angiogenesis by targeting PDGFRα in skin wounds. J Invest Dermatol 2021; 142:1990-2002.e4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2021.11.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Revised: 11/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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6
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Tyavambiza C, Dube P, Goboza M, Meyer S, Madiehe AM, Meyer M. Wound Healing Activities and Potential of Selected African Medicinal Plants and Their Synthesized Biogenic Nanoparticles. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10122635. [PMID: 34961106 PMCID: PMC8706794 DOI: 10.3390/plants10122635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
In Africa, medicinal plants have been traditionally used as a source of medicine for centuries. To date, African medicinal plants continue to play a significant role in the treatment of wounds. Chronic wounds are associated with severe healthcare and socio-economic burdens despite the use of conventional therapies. Emergence of novel wound healing strategies using medicinal plants in conjunction with nanotechnology has the potential to develop efficacious wound healing therapeutics with enhanced wound repair mechanisms. This review identified African medicinal plants and biogenic nanoparticles used to promote wound healing through various mechanisms including improved wound contraction and epithelialization as well as antibacterial, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. To achieve this, electronic databases such as PubMed, Scifinder® and Google Scholar were used to search for medicinal plants used by the African populace that were scientifically evaluated for their wound healing activities in both in vitro and in vivo models from 2004 to 2021. Additionally, data on the wound healing mechanisms of biogenic nanoparticles synthesized using African medicinal plants is included herein. The continued scientific evaluation of wound healing African medicinal plants and the development of novel nanomaterials using these plants is imperative in a bid to alleviate the detrimental effects of chronic wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Tyavambiza
- Phytotherapy Research Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, P.O. Box 1906, Bellville, Cape Town 7535, South Africa; (C.T.); (S.M.)
- DSI/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre (NIC), Biolabels Node, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, Cape Town 7535, South Africa; (P.D.); (M.G.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Phumuzile Dube
- DSI/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre (NIC), Biolabels Node, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, Cape Town 7535, South Africa; (P.D.); (M.G.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Mediline Goboza
- DSI/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre (NIC), Biolabels Node, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, Cape Town 7535, South Africa; (P.D.); (M.G.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Samantha Meyer
- Phytotherapy Research Group, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, P.O. Box 1906, Bellville, Cape Town 7535, South Africa; (C.T.); (S.M.)
| | - Abram Madimabe Madiehe
- DSI/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre (NIC), Biolabels Node, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, Cape Town 7535, South Africa; (P.D.); (M.G.); (A.M.M.)
- Nanobiotechnology Research Group, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, Cape Town 7535, South Africa
| | - Mervin Meyer
- DSI/Mintek Nanotechnology Innovation Centre (NIC), Biolabels Node, Department of Biotechnology, University of the Western Cape, Private Bag X17, Bellville, Cape Town 7535, South Africa; (P.D.); (M.G.); (A.M.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +27-21-9592032
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7
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Doyle C, Nakamura R, Bing R, Rousseau B, Branski RC. Mycoplasma affects baseline gene expression and the response to glucocorticoids in vocal fold fibroblasts. J Med Microbiol 2021; 70:001362. [PMID: 34038343 PMCID: PMC8289201 DOI: 10.1099/jmm.0.001362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction. In vitro experimentation is intentionally contrived to isolate specific phenomena in the context of profound biological complexity. Mycoplasmas in the upper airway likely contribute to this complexity and play a largely unknown role in both health and disease. Similarly, the presence and role of mycoplasma in in vitro investigation are largely unknown.Hypothesis. We hypothesize mycoplasma in human vocal fold fibroblasts (VFF) will affect both basal gene-expression patterns as well as the cell response to exogenous stimuli.Aim. We sought to determine mycoplasma presence across vocal fold fibroblast cultures, basal transcriptional changes as a function of mycoplasma, and responsiveness to exogenous glucocorticoids in mycoplasma-positive and -negative VFF.Methodology. PCR-based mycoplasma detection was performed in an immortalized human VFF line as well as rat and rabbit primary VFF cultures and extracted rat laryngeal tissue. RNA sequencing was performed in mycoplasma-positive and -negative human cells at baseline and in response to dexamethasone.Results. Mycoplasma was identified in the human cell line as well as primary culture from rabbits. Mycoplasma was not detected in tissue or primary culture from rat vocal folds. Basal mRNA expression in human VFF differed significantly following mycoplasma treatment. In addition, differential responses to dexamethasone were observed across multiple pathways as a function of mycoplasma presence in these cells. Pathways including apoptosis, DNA damage repair, and G1 to S cell cycle signalling were significantly enriched in mycoplasma-positive cells.Conclusion. Variability of mycoplasma presence across culture conditions and differential responses to exogenous stimuli as a function of mycoplasma presence are potentially problematic for the translation of in vitro experimentation in the upper aerodigestive tract. It remains unclear if these findings represent contamination or the baseline state of this specialized tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carina Doyle
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Ryosuke Nakamura
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Renjie Bing
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
| | - Bernard Rousseau
- Communication Sciences and Disorders, School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA
| | - Ryan C. Branski
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
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8
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Atabai K, Yang CD, Podolsky MJ. You Say You Want a Resolution (of Fibrosis). Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2020; 63:424-435. [PMID: 32640171 DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2020-0182tr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
In pathological fibrosis, aberrant tissue remodeling with excess extracellular matrix leads to organ dysfunction and eventual morbidity. Diseases of fibrosis create significant global health and economic burdens and are often deadly. Although fibrosis has traditionally been thought of as an irreversible process, a growing body of evidence demonstrates that organ fibrosis can reverse in certain circumstances, especially if an underlying cause of injury can be removed. This body of evidence has uncovered more and more contributors to persistent and nonresolving tissue fibrosis. Here, we review the present knowledge on resolution of organ fibrosis and restoration of near-normal tissue architecture. We emphasize three critical areas of tissue homeostasis that are necessary for fibrosis resolution, namely, the elimination of matrix-producing cells, the clearance of excess matrix, and the regeneration of normal tissue constituents. In so doing, we also highlight how profibrotic pathways interact with one another and where there may be therapeutic opportunities to intervene and remediate pathological persistent fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamran Atabai
- Cardiovascular Research Institute.,Lung Biology Center, and.,Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
| | | | - Michael J Podolsky
- Cardiovascular Research Institute.,Lung Biology Center, and.,Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California
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9
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Zhang C, Cui T, Cai R, Wangpaichitr M, Mirsaeidi M, Schally AV, Jackson RM. Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone in Lung Physiology and Pulmonary Disease. Cells 2020; 9:E2331. [PMID: 33096674 PMCID: PMC7589146 DOI: 10.3390/cells9102331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) is secreted primarily from the hypothalamus, but other tissues, including the lungs, produce it locally. GHRH stimulates the release and secretion of growth hormone (GH) by the pituitary and regulates the production of GH and hepatic insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1). Pituitary-type GHRH-receptors (GHRH-R) are expressed in human lungs, indicating that GHRH or GH could participate in lung development, growth, and repair. GHRH-R antagonists (i.e., synthetic peptides), which we have tested in various models, exert growth-inhibitory effects in lung cancer cells in vitro and in vivo in addition to having anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and pro-apoptotic effects. One antagonist of the GHRH-R used in recent studies reviewed here, MIA-602, lessens both inflammation and fibrosis in a mouse model of bleomycin lung injury. GHRH and its peptide agonists regulate the proliferation of fibroblasts through the modulation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) and Akt pathways. In addition to downregulating GH and IGF-1, GHRH-R antagonist MIA-602 inhibits signaling pathways relevant to inflammation, including p21-activated kinase 1-signal transducer and activator of transcription 3/nuclear factor-kappa B (PAK1-STAT3/NF-κB and ERK). MIA-602 induces fibroblast apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner, which is an effect that is likely important in antifibrotic actions. Taken together, the novel data reviewed here show that GHRH is an important peptide that participates in lung homeostasis, inflammation, wound healing, and cancer; and GHRH-R antagonists may have therapeutic potential in lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongxu Zhang
- Research Service, Miami VAHS, Miami, FL 33125, USA; (C.Z.); (T.C.); (R.C.); (M.W.); (M.M.); (A.V.S.)
| | - Tengjiao Cui
- Research Service, Miami VAHS, Miami, FL 33125, USA; (C.Z.); (T.C.); (R.C.); (M.W.); (M.M.); (A.V.S.)
| | - Renzhi Cai
- Research Service, Miami VAHS, Miami, FL 33125, USA; (C.Z.); (T.C.); (R.C.); (M.W.); (M.M.); (A.V.S.)
| | - Medhi Wangpaichitr
- Research Service, Miami VAHS, Miami, FL 33125, USA; (C.Z.); (T.C.); (R.C.); (M.W.); (M.M.); (A.V.S.)
| | - Mehdi Mirsaeidi
- Research Service, Miami VAHS, Miami, FL 33125, USA; (C.Z.); (T.C.); (R.C.); (M.W.); (M.M.); (A.V.S.)
- Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33101, USA
| | - Andrew V. Schally
- Research Service, Miami VAHS, Miami, FL 33125, USA; (C.Z.); (T.C.); (R.C.); (M.W.); (M.M.); (A.V.S.)
- Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33101, USA
- Department of Pathology and Sylvester Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33101, USA
| | - Robert M. Jackson
- Research Service, Miami VAHS, Miami, FL 33125, USA; (C.Z.); (T.C.); (R.C.); (M.W.); (M.M.); (A.V.S.)
- Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33101, USA
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10
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Abdelhakim M, Lin X, Ogawa R. The Japanese Experience with Basic Fibroblast Growth Factor in Cutaneous Wound Management and Scar Prevention: A Systematic Review of Clinical and Biological Aspects. Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2020; 10:569-587. [PMID: 32506250 PMCID: PMC7367968 DOI: 10.1007/s13555-020-00407-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) plays several key roles in wound healing. Over the last 2 decades, clinical and basic research on bFGF has been actively conducted in Japan with reports on its potent efficacy in accelerating the healing of chronic ulcers and burn wounds by stimulating key cellular players in the skin. However, its efficacy remains unrecognized internationally. Thus, this study reviews current knowledge about the therapeutic value of bFGF in wound management and scar prevention accumulated in Japan over the last 2 decades. METHODS We review the Japanese literature that demonstrates the anti-scarring effects of bFGF and exhaustively assess how these effects are exerted. Using the search terms "bFGF OR growth factors AND wound healing in Japan" and "bFGF AND scar prevention in Japan," we conducted a search of the PubMed database for publications on the role of bFGF in wound and scar management in Japan. All eligible papers published between 1988 and December 2019 were retrieved and reviewed. RESULTS Our search yielded 208 articles; 82 were related to the application of bFGF for dermal wound healing in Japan. Of these, 27 fulfilled all inclusion criteria; 11 were laboratory studies, 7 were case reports, 4 were clinical studies, and 5 were randomized controlled trials. CONCLUSION Further research, with recognition of the therapeutic value of bFGF in wound and scar management and its clinical applications, is needed to provide additional clinical advantages while improving wound healing and reducing the risk of post-surgical scar formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Abdelhakim
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan.
| | - Xunxun Lin
- Department of Plastic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Rei Ogawa
- Department of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Nippon Medical School, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan
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11
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Guo B, Tang C, Wang M, Zhao Z, Shokoohi-Tabrizi HA, Shi B, Andrukhov O, Rausch-Fan X. In vitro biocompatibility of biohybrid polymers membrane evaluated in human gingival fibroblasts. J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater 2020; 108:2590-2598. [PMID: 32096606 PMCID: PMC7383566 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.b.34591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The biohybrid polymer membrane (BHM) is a new biomaterial designed for the treatment of soft periodontal tissue defects. We aimed to evaluate the in vitro biocompatibility of the membrane in human gingival fibroblasts and the capability to induce cell adhesion, migration, differentiation and improving the production of the extracellular matrix. BHM and Mucograft® collagen matrix (MCM) membranes were punched into 6 mm diameter round discs and placed in 96‐well plates. Human primary gingival fibroblasts were seeded on the membranes or tissue culture plastic (TCP) serving as the control. Cell proliferation/viability and morphology were evaluated after 3, 7, and 14 days of culture by cell counting kit (CCK)‐8 assay and scanning electron microscopy, respectively. Additionally, the gene expression of transforming growth factor (TGF)‐β1, focal adhesion kinase (FAK), collagen type 1 (Col1), alpha‐smooth muscle actin (α‐SMA), and fibroblasts growth factor (FGF)‐2 was analyzed at 3, 7, and 14 days of culture by qPCR. Cell proliferation on BHM was significantly higher than on MCM and similar to TCP. Gene expression of TGF‐β1, FAK, Col1, and α‐SMA were significantly increased on BHM compared to TCP at most investigated time points. However, the gene expression of FGF‐2 was significantly decreased on BHM at Day 7 and recovered at Day 14 to the levels similar to TCP. The finding of this study showed that BHM is superior for gingival fibroblasts in terms of adhesion, proliferation, and gene expression, suggesting that this membrane may promote the healing of soft periodontal tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Guo
- Department of Stomatology, Jinan Central Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.,Division of Periodontology and Conservative Dentistry, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Chuhua Tang
- Division of Periodontology and Conservative Dentistry, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Stomatology, PLA Strategic Support Force Characteristic Medical Center, Beijing, China
| | - Mingguo Wang
- Department of Stomatology, Jinan Central Hospital affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhongqi Zhao
- Division of Periodontology and Conservative Dentistry, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Hassan A Shokoohi-Tabrizi
- Division of Periodontology and Conservative Dentistry, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bin Shi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Oleh Andrukhov
- Division of Periodontology and Conservative Dentistry, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Xiaohui Rausch-Fan
- Division of Periodontology and Conservative Dentistry, University Clinic of Dentistry, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
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12
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Wound Healing and the Use of Medicinal Plants. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2019; 2019:2684108. [PMID: 31662773 PMCID: PMC6778887 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2684108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cutaneous wound healing is the process by which skin repairs itself. It is generally accepted that cutaneous wound healing can be divided into 4 phases: haemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and remodelling. In humans, keratinocytes re-form a functional epidermis (reepithelialization) as rapidly as possible, closing the wound and reestablishing tissue homeostasis. Dermal fibroblasts migrate into the wound bed and proliferate, creating “granulation tissue” rich in extracellular matrix proteins and supporting the growth of new blood vessels. Ultimately, this is remodelled over an extended period, returning the injured tissue to a state similar to that before injury. Dysregulation in any phase of the wound healing cascade delays healing and may result in various skin pathologies, including nonhealing, or chronic ulceration. Indigenous and traditional medicines make extensive use of natural products and derivatives of natural products and provide more than half of all medicines consumed today throughout the world. Recognising the important role traditional medicine continues to play, we have undertaken an extensive survey of literature reporting the use of medical plants and plant-based products for cutaneous wounds. We describe the active ingredients, bioactivities, clinical uses, formulations, methods of preparation, and clinical value of 36 medical plant species. Several species stand out, including Centella asiatica, Curcuma longa, and Paeonia suffruticosa, which are popular wound healing products used by several cultures and ethnic groups. The popularity and evidence of continued use clearly indicates that there are still lessons to be learned from traditional practices. Hidden in the myriad of natural products and derivatives from natural products are undescribed reagents, unexplored combinations, and adjunct compounds that could have a place in the contemporary therapeutic inventory.
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van Caam A, Vonk M, van den Hoogen F, van Lent P, van der Kraan P. Unraveling SSc Pathophysiology; The Myofibroblast. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2452. [PMID: 30483246 PMCID: PMC6242950 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a severe auto-immune disease, characterized by vasculopathy and fibrosis of connective tissues. SSc has a high morbidity and mortality and unfortunately no disease modifying therapy is currently available. A key cell in the pathophysiology of SSc is the myofibroblast. Myofibroblasts are fibroblasts with contractile properties that produce a large amount of pro-fibrotic extracellular matrix molecules such as collagen type I. In this narrative review we will discuss the presence, formation, and role of myofibroblasts in SSc, and how these processes are stimulated and mediated by cells of the (innate) immune system such as mast cells and T helper 2 lymphocytes. Furthermore, current novel therapeutic approaches to target myofibroblasts will be highlighted for future perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arjan van Caam
- Experimental Rheumatology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Madelon Vonk
- Department of Rheumatology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | | | - Peter van Lent
- Experimental Rheumatology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, Netherlands
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An intramembranous ossification model for the in silico analysis of bone tissue formation in tooth extraction sites. J Theor Biol 2016; 401:64-77. [PMID: 27113783 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtbi.2016.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Revised: 04/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The accurate modeling of biological processes allows us to predict the spatiotemporal behavior of living tissues by computer-aided (in silico) testing, a useful tool for the development of medical strategies, avoiding the expenses and potential ethical implications of in vivo experimentation. A model for bone healing in mouth would be useful for selecting proper surgical techniques in dental procedures. In this paper, the formulation and implementation of a model for Intramembranous Ossification is presented aiming to describe the complex process of bone tissue formation in tooth extraction sites. The model consists in a mathematical description of the mechanisms in which different types of cells interact, synthesize and degrade extracellular matrices under the influence of biochemical factors. Special attention is given to angiogenesis, oxygen-dependent effects and growth factor-induced apoptosis of fibroblasts. Furthermore, considering the depth-dependent vascularization of mandibular bone and its influence on bone healing, a functional description of the cell distribution on the severed periodontal ligament (PDL) is proposed. The developed model was implemented using the finite element method (FEM) and successfully validated by simulating an animal in vivo experiment on dogs reported in the literature. A good fit between model outcome and experimental data was obtained with a mean absolute error of 3.04%. The mathematical framework presented here may represent an important tool for the design of future in vitro and in vivo tests, as well as a precedent for future in silico studies on osseointegration and mechanobiology.
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Krishnan P, Purushothaman KR, Purushothaman M, Turnbull IC, Tarricone A, Vasquez M, Jain S, Baber U, Lascano RA, Kini AS, Sharma SK, Moreno PR. Enhanced neointimal fibroblast, myofibroblast content and altered extracellular matrix composition: Implications in the progression of human peripheral artery restenosis. Atherosclerosis 2016; 251:226-233. [PMID: 27399649 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2016.06.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Revised: 06/02/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Neointimal cellular proliferation of fibroblasts and myofibroblasts is documented in coronary artery restenosis, however, their role in peripheral arterial disease (PAD) restenosis remains unclear. Our aim was to investigate the role of fibroblasts, myofibroblasts, and collagens in restenotic PAD. METHODS Nineteen PAD restenotic plaques were compared with 13 de novo plaques. Stellate cells (H&E), fibroblasts (FSP-1), myofibroblasts (α-actin/vimentin/FSP-1), cellular proliferation (Ki-67), and apoptosis (caspase-3 with poly ADP-ribose polymerase) were evaluated by immunofluorescence. Collagens were evaluated by picro-sirius red stain with polarization microscopy. Smooth muscle myosin heavy chain (SMMHC), IL-6 and TGF-β cytokines were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Restenotic plaques demonstrated increased stellate cells (2.7 ± 0.15 vs.1.3 ± 0.15) fibroblasts (2282.2 ± 85.9 vs. 906.4 ± 134.5) and myofibroblasts (18.5 ± 1.2 vs.10.6 ± 1.0) p = 0.0001 for all comparisons. In addition, fibroblast proliferation (18.4% ± 1.2 vs.10.4% ± 1.1; p = 0.04) and apoptosis (14.6% ± 1.3 vs.11.2% ± 0.6; p = 0.03) were increased in restenotic plaques. Finally, SMMHC (2.6 ± 0.12 vs.1.4 ± 0.15; p = 0.0001), type III collagen density (0.33 ± 0.06 vs. 0.17 ± 0.07; p = 0.0001), IL-6 (2.08 ± 1.7 vs.1.03 ± 2.0; p = 0.01), and TGF-β (1.80 ± 0.27 vs. 1.11 ± 0.18; p = 0.05) were increased in restenotic plaques. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests proliferation and apoptosis of fibroblast and myofibroblast with associated increase in type III collagen may play a role in restenotic plaque progression. Understanding pathways involved in proliferation and apoptosis in neointimal cells, may contribute to future therapeutic interventions for the prevention of restenosis in PAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prakash Krishnan
- The Zena and Michael A. Weiner Cardiovascular Institute, The Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Cardiovascular Health Center, Department of Medicine/Cardiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - K-Raman Purushothaman
- The Zena and Michael A. Weiner Cardiovascular Institute, The Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Cardiovascular Health Center, Department of Medicine/Cardiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Meerarani Purushothaman
- The Zena and Michael A. Weiner Cardiovascular Institute, The Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Cardiovascular Health Center, Department of Medicine/Cardiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Irene C Turnbull
- The Zena and Michael A. Weiner Cardiovascular Institute, The Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Cardiovascular Health Center, Department of Medicine/Cardiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Arthur Tarricone
- The Zena and Michael A. Weiner Cardiovascular Institute, The Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Cardiovascular Health Center, Department of Medicine/Cardiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Miguel Vasquez
- The Zena and Michael A. Weiner Cardiovascular Institute, The Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Cardiovascular Health Center, Department of Medicine/Cardiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Sachin Jain
- The Zena and Michael A. Weiner Cardiovascular Institute, The Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Cardiovascular Health Center, Department of Medicine/Cardiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Usman Baber
- The Zena and Michael A. Weiner Cardiovascular Institute, The Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Cardiovascular Health Center, Department of Medicine/Cardiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rheoneil A Lascano
- The Zena and Michael A. Weiner Cardiovascular Institute, The Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Cardiovascular Health Center, Department of Medicine/Cardiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Annapoorna S Kini
- The Zena and Michael A. Weiner Cardiovascular Institute, The Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Cardiovascular Health Center, Department of Medicine/Cardiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Samin K Sharma
- The Zena and Michael A. Weiner Cardiovascular Institute, The Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Cardiovascular Health Center, Department of Medicine/Cardiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Pedro R Moreno
- The Zena and Michael A. Weiner Cardiovascular Institute, The Marie-Josée and Henry R. Kravis Cardiovascular Health Center, Department of Medicine/Cardiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
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Wound repair: a showcase for cell plasticity and migration. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2016; 42:29-37. [PMID: 27085790 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2016] [Revised: 03/29/2016] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A skin wound requires several cell lineages to exhibit considerable plasticity as they migrate towards and over the site of damage to contribute to repair. The keratinocytes that re-epithelialize the tissue, the dermal fibroblasts and potentially other mesenchymal stem cell populations that repopulate damaged connective tissue, the immune cells that counter infections, and endothelial cells that re-establish blood supply and facilitate the immune response - all of these cells are 'dynamic' in that they are activated by immediate wound cues, they reprogram to adopt cell behaviours essential for repair including migration, and finally they must resolve. In adult tissues, repair is unique in its requirement for dramatic cell changes and movements otherwise associated only with development and disease.
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Fast calcium wave inhibits excessive apoptosis during epithelial wound healing. Cell Tissue Res 2016; 365:343-56. [PMID: 26987821 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-016-2388-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2015] [Accepted: 02/29/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Successful wound closure is mainly the result of two cellular processes: migration and proliferation. Apoptosis has also been suggested to play a role in the mechanisms of wound healing. The fast calcium wave (FCW), triggered immediately after a wound is produced, has been proposed to be involved in determining healing responses in epithelia. We have explored the effects of the reversible inhibition of FCW on the apoptotic and proliferative responses of healing bovine corneal endothelial (BCE) cells in culture. The most important findings of this study are that caspase-dependent apoptosis occurs during the healing process, that the amount of apoptosis has a linear dependence on the migrated distance, and that FCW inhibition greatly increases the apoptotic index. We have further been able to establish that FCW plays a role in the control of cell proliferation during BCE wound healing. These results indicate that one of the main roles of the wave is to inhibit an excessive apoptotic response of the healing migrating cells. This property might represent a basic mechanism to allow sufficient migration and proliferation of the healing cells to assure proper restitution of the injured tissue.
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The Effect of Electrical Stimulation Combined with Foam Dressing on Ulcer Healing in Rats with Spinal Cord Injury. Adv Skin Wound Care 2015; 28:495-502. [DOI: 10.1097/01.asw.0000470553.85257.84] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Barker JC, Barker AD, Bills J, Huang J, Wight-Carter M, Delgado I, Noble DL, Huang LJ, Porteus MH, Davis KE. Genome Editing of Mouse Fibroblasts by Homologous Recombination for Sustained Secretion of PDGF-B and Augmentation of Wound Healing. Plast Reconstr Surg 2014; 134:389e-401e. [DOI: 10.1097/prs.0000000000000427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Takeuchi N, Hayashi Y, Murakami M, Alvarez FJ, Horibe H, Iohara K, Nakata K, Nakamura H, Nakashima M. Similar in vitro effects and pulp regeneration in ectopic tooth transplantation by basic fibroblast growth factor and granulocyte-colony stimulating factor. Oral Dis 2014; 21:113-22. [PMID: 24495211 DOI: 10.1111/odi.12227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2014] [Revised: 01/20/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) has been shown to have combinatorial trophic effects with dental pulp stem cells for pulp regeneration. The aim of this investigation is to examine the effects of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in vitro and in vivo compared with those of G-CSF and to assess the potential utility of bFGF as an alternative to G-CSF for pulp regeneration. MATERIALS AND METHODS Five different types of cells were examined in the in vitro effects of bFGF on cell migration, proliferation, anti-apoptosis, neurite outgrowth, angiogenesis, and odontogenesis compared with those of G-CSF. The in vivo regenerative potential of pulp tissue including vasculogenesis and odontoblastic differentiation was also compared using an ectopic tooth transplantation model. RESULTS Basic fibroblast growth factor was similar to G-CSF in high migration, proliferation and anti-apoptotic effects and angiogenic and neurite outgrowth stimulatory activities in vitro. There was no significant difference between bFGF and G-CSF in the regenerative potential in vivo. CONCLUSIONS The potential utility of bFGF for pulp regeneration is demonstrated as a homing/migration factor similar to the influence of G-CSF.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Takeuchi
- Department of Dental Regenerative Medicine, Center of Advanced Medicine for Dental Oral Diseases, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Research Institute, Obu, Japan; Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Japan
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Rijcken E, Sachs L, Fuchs T, Spiegel HU, Neumann PA. Growth factors and gastrointestinal anastomotic healing. J Surg Res 2013; 187:202-10. [PMID: 24290527 DOI: 10.1016/j.jss.2013.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2013] [Revised: 09/16/2013] [Accepted: 10/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Failure of anastomotic healing in the gastrointestinal tract is a major source of surgery-related morbidity, repeated surgical procedures, and impaired quality of life. Growth factors have been shown to be involved in healing processes in various tissues including the gastrointestinal tract. This opens the perspective to use growth factors therapeutically to support impaired anastomotic healing. The aim of the present study was to review the particular role of several growth factors in different phases of anastomotic healing, experimental approaches of growth factor application, and to discuss possibilities and limitations of growth factor-directed interventions in gastrointestinal surgery. MATERIALS AND METHODS A PubMed search was performed to examine the potential role of fibroblast growth factor, epidermal growth factor, heparin binding EGF-like growth factor, transforming growth factor β, insulin-like growth factor I, vascular endothelial growth factor, and platelet-derived growth factor during anastomotic healing. RESULTS Growth factors show beneficial effects on a broad range of cell types and regulate various processes during all phases of tissue healing. Despite extensive research in the field of growth factors, additional evidence is needed before translating into a clinical setting. CONCLUSIONS Future research should focus on adequate sustained but limited drug delivery. Undesired side effects, such as formation of strictures, development of peritoneal adhesions, and potential induction of malignancies, have to be reflected. Although growth factor application is currently far from clinical routine in gastrointestinal surgery, it might find application in selected patients at risk for impaired anastomotic healing, such as patients with long-time steroid therapy, immunosuppressives, inflammatory disorders, sepsis, hemodynamic shock, malnutrition, or neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emile Rijcken
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Muenster University Hospital, Germany; Department of Surgical Research, Muenster University Hospital, Germany.
| | - Larissa Sachs
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Muenster University Hospital, Germany; Department of Surgical Research, Muenster University Hospital, Germany
| | - Thomas Fuchs
- Department of Surgical Research, Muenster University Hospital, Germany; Department of Trauma, Hand and Reconstructive Surgery, Muenster University Hospital, Germany
| | | | - Philipp-Alexander Neumann
- Department of General and Visceral Surgery, Muenster University Hospital, Germany; Department of Surgical Research, Muenster University Hospital, Germany
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Effects of bFGF on the Modulation of Apoptosis in Gingival Fibroblasts with Different Host Ages. Int J Dent 2013; 2013:619580. [PMID: 24109488 PMCID: PMC3784268 DOI: 10.1155/2013/619580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2013] [Revised: 08/09/2013] [Accepted: 08/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) treatment on the proliferation and apoptosis of cultured gingival fibroblasts (GFs). Human GFs were isolated from the palatal gingival tissues of 16 healthy volunteers ranging in the age from 9 to 35 years old. Cultured GFs were subjected to the analyses for cell proliferation by ELISA assay, gene expression by RT-PCR analysis, and apoptosis potency by caspase-3 assay. The cell proliferation activity and gene expression of type-I collagen and caspase-3 activity were enhanced significantly by the treatment with bFGF in cultured GFs. Furthermore, the activity of caspase-3 in cultured GFs from young subjects was significantly higher than that in GFs from adults. It is shown that bFGF significantly enhances the gene expression of type-I collagen in cultured fibroblasts from human gingival tissues. It also demonstrated that bFGF modulates the apoptosis of periodontal fibroblasts, and the effect is higher in young subjects, indicating a significant role of bFGF in the prevention of scar formation during wound healing.
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Liu BH, Chen L, Li SR, Wang ZX, Cheng WG. Smac/DIABLO regulates the apoptosis of hypertrophic scar fibroblasts. Int J Mol Med 2013; 32:615-22. [PMID: 23857156 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2013.1442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2013] [Accepted: 06/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
In abnormal skin wound healing, hypertrophic scars (HS) are characterized by excessive fibroblast hypercellularity and an overproduction of collagen, leading to atypical extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling. Although the exact mechanisms of HS remain unclear, decreased HS fibroblast (HSFB) apoptosis and increased proliferation are evident in the development of HS. In this study, the contribution of the second mitochondria-derived activator of caspases/direct inhibitor of apoptosis protein (IAP)-binding protein with a low isoelectric point (pI) (Smac/DIABLO), an apoptosis-promoting protein released from the mitochondria, was investigated in human normal skin and HSFB cultures. The expression of Smac/DIABLO is usually decreased in many malignant tumors compared with normal tissues. Immunohistochemical analysis of skin tissues and the western blot analyses of fibroblasts revealed that the expression of Smac/DIABLO was lower in HS tissues compared with normal skin tissues. Of note, adenovirus-mediated Smac/DIABLO overexpression in the cultured HSFBs significantly reduced cell proliferation, as detected by the cell counting kit-8, and increased caspase-3 and -9 activity, as detected by spectrofluorimetry. In addition, it increased apoptosis, as detected by fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS). Furthermore, we found that the silencing of Smac with siRNA in the HSFBs induced a noticeable decrease in caspase-3 and -9 activity, leading to a significant reduction in apoptosis. In addition, the mRNA expression of type I and III pro-collagen detected in the HSFBs was significantly increased following the silencing of Smac with siRNA and was inhibited following Smac/DIABLO overexpression, as shown by real-time RT-PCR. In conclusion, Smac/DIABLO decreases the proliferation and increases the apoptosis of HSFBs. To our knowledge, the data from our study suggest for the first time that Smac/DIABLO is a novel therapeutic target for HS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Heng Liu
- Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Southwest Hospital, The Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, P.R. China
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Okabe K, Hayashi R, Aramaki-Hattori N, Sakamoto Y, Kishi K. Wound Treatment Using Growth Factors. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.4236/mps.2013.33022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Bo Li Z, Zhang J, Wagner KR. Inhibition of myostatin reverses muscle fibrosis through apoptosis. J Cell Sci 2012; 125:3957-65. [PMID: 22685331 DOI: 10.1242/jcs.090365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Skeletal muscle fibrosis is a defining feature of the muscular dystrophies in which contractile myofibers are replaced by fibroblasts, adipocytes and extracellular matrix. This maladaptive response of muscle to repetitive injury is progressive, self-perpetuating and thus far, has been considered irreversible. We have previously shown that myostatin, a known endogenous modulator of muscle growth, stimulates normal muscle fibroblasts to proliferate. Here, we demonstrate that myostatin also regulates the proliferation of dystrophic muscle fibroblasts, and increases resistance of fibroblasts to apoptosis through Smad and MAPK signaling. Inhibition of myostatin signaling pathways with a soluble activin IIB receptor (ActRIIB.Fc) reduces resistance of muscle fibroblasts to apoptosis in vitro. Systemic administration of ActRIIB.Fc in senescent mdx mice, a model of muscular dystrophy, significantly increases the number of muscle fibroblasts undergoing apoptosis. This leads to the reversal of pre-existing muscle fibrosis as determined by histological, biochemical and radiographical criteria. These results demonstrate that skeletal muscle fibrosis can be pharmacologically reversed through induction of fibroblast apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Bo Li
- Center for Genetic Muscle Disorders, Hugo W. Moser Research Institute at Kennedy Krieger Institute, 707 North Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA
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Fleckman P, Usui M, Zhao G, Underwood R, Maginness M, Marshall A, Glaister C, Ratner B, Olerud J. Cutaneous and inflammatory response to long-term percutaneous implants of sphere-templated porous/solid poly(HEMA) and silicone in mice. J Biomed Mater Res A 2012; 100:1256-68. [PMID: 22359383 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2011] [Revised: 10/17/2011] [Accepted: 10/24/2011] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
This study investigates mouse cutaneous responses to long-term percutaneously implanted rods surrounded by sphere-templated porous biomaterials engineered to mimic medical devices surrounded by a porous cuff. We hypothesized that keratinocytes would migrate through the pores and stop, permigrate, or marsupialize along the porous/solid interface. Porous/solid-core poly(2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate) [poly(HEMA)] and silicone rods were implanted in mice for 14 days, and for 1, 3, and 6 months. Implants with surrounding tissue were analyzed (immuno)histochemically by light microscopy. Poly(HEMA)/skin implants yielded better morphologic data than silicone implants. Keratinocytes at the poly(HEMA) interface migrated in two different directions. "Ventral" keratinocytes contiguous with the dermal-epidermal junction migrated into the outermost pores, forming an integrated collar surrounding the rods. "Dorsal" keratinocytes appearing to emanate from the differentiated epithelial layer, extended upward along and into the exterior portion of the rod, forming an integrated sheath. Leukocytes persisted in poly(HEMA) and silicone pores for the duration of the study. Vascular and collagen networks within the poly(HEMA) pores matured as a function of time up to 3-months implantation. Nerves were not observed within the pores. Poly(HEMA) underwent morphological changes by 6 months of implantation. Marsupialization, foreign body encapsulation, and infection were not observed in any implants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip Fleckman
- Department of Medicine (Dermatology), University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.
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Murphy KE, McCue SW, McElwain DLS. Clinical strategies for the alleviation of contractures from a predictive mathematical model of dermal repair. Wound Repair Regen 2012; 20:194-202. [PMID: 22313453 DOI: 10.1111/j.1524-475x.2012.00775.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2011] [Accepted: 12/19/2011] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Hypertrophic scars arise when there is an overproduction of collagen during wound healing. These are often associated with poor regulation of the rate of programmed cell death (apoptosis) of the cells synthesizing the collagen or by an exuberant inflammatory response that prolongs collagen production and increases wound contraction. Severe contractures that occur, e.g., after a deep burn, can cause loss of function especially if the wound is over a joint such as the elbow or knee. Recently, we have developed a morphoelastic mathematical model for dermal repair that incorporates the chemical, cellular, and mechanical aspects of dermal wound healing. Using this model, we examine pathological scarring in dermal repair by first assuming a smaller than usual apoptotic rate for myofibroblasts, and then considering a prolonged inflammatory response, in an attempt to determine a possible optimal intervention strategy to promote normal repair, or terminate the fibrotic scarring response. Our model predicts that in both cases it is best to apply the intervention strategy early in the wound healing response. Further, the earlier an intervention is made, the less aggressive the intervention required. Finally, if intervention is conducted at a late time during healing, a significant intervention is required; however, there is a threshold concentration of the drug or therapy applied, above which minimal further improvement to wound repair is obtained.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly E Murphy
- School of Mathematical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
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Okata Y, Hisamatsu C, Nishijima E, Okita Y. Topical application of basic fibroblast growth factor reduces esophageal stricture and esophageal neural damage after sodium hydroxide-induced esophagitis in rats. Pediatr Surg Int 2012; 28:43-9. [PMID: 22009209 DOI: 10.1007/s00383-011-3007-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the effect of topical application of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) after caustic esophageal injury in rats. METHODS Thirty-six male rats were randomly divided into three groups. Corrosive esophageal injury was produced by internal application of 30% sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solution to the distal esophagus. Group A rats were uninjured. Group B rats were injured and untreated. Group C rats were injured and received topical bFGF (10 μg/ml). Surviving rats were killed at 28 days. The survival rate, body weight gain, symptoms and histopathological changes that included tissue damage score, ratio of esophageal luminal area/total esophageal area (LA/TA) and the proportion of a neural marker PGP 9.5-positive area were assessed. RESULTS The survival rate and the prevalence of symptoms were not significantly different between Groups B and C. Although the tissue damage score did not differ in Groups B and C, LA/TA was significantly higher in Group C than in Group B. The proportion of the PGP 9.5-positive area was significantly lower in Groups B and C than in Group A; however, it was higher in Group C than in Group B. CONCLUSION Topical application of bFGF was effective in preventing stricture after NaOH-induced esophagitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuichi Okata
- Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, 650-0017, Japan.
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Ono I. A Study on the Alterations in Skin Viscoelasticity before and after an Intradermal Administration of Growth Factor. J Cutan Aesthet Surg 2011; 4:98-104. [PMID: 21976900 PMCID: PMC3183736 DOI: 10.4103/0974-2077.85022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: While photo-aging is believed to be preventable by the complete blockage of ultraviolet rays, there is no epoch-making method except sing fillers or autologous fat injection, for rejuvenating the skin once it has aged. Objective: Our group developed a new method for rejuvenating aged skin by the direct intradermal injection of basic fibroblast growth factor, the first method of its kind in the world. In this paper we report the results of long-term follow-up observations and alterations in skin viscoelasticity before and after this treatment. Materials and Methods: A single dose of growth factor was injected directly into aged skin of the dorsal surface of the hand intradermally. The skin viscoelasticity of 50 treated cases was measured by a cutometer just before the treatment and at 1, 3, 6, and 9 months after treatment, respectively. Results: We observed the following rejuvenating effects: improved skin softness, gradual improvement of turgor, improved thickness of atrophied skin, and greatly improved viscoelasticity which reveals the improvement of biomechanical properties of the treated aged skin. According to the comparisons of viscoelasticity between pre- and post-treatment, the rejuvenated changes of R2 and R7 values were comparable to an age difference of more than 20 years. Conclusion: This method was confirmed to have excellent effects in rejuvenating aged skin safely and reliably including biomechanical properties. With this advance, we expect conventional non-physiological skin rejuvenating treatments to be replaced by a much more fundamental method using one-time injections of the growth factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ichiro Ono
- Department of Dermatology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1 West16 Chuoku Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
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Traditional Japanese formula kigikenchuto accelerates healing of pressure-loading skin ulcer in rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2011; 2011:592791. [PMID: 21660308 PMCID: PMC3108106 DOI: 10.1155/2011/592791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2010] [Revised: 03/02/2011] [Accepted: 03/13/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
We evaluated the effect of kigikenchuto (KKT), a traditional Japanese formula, in a modified rat pressure-loading skin ulcer model. Rats were divided into three groups, KKT extract orally administered (250 or 500 mg/kg/day for 35 days) and control. KKT shortened the duration until healing. Immunohistochemically, KKT increased CD-31-positive vessels in early phase and increased α-smooth muscle actin-(α-SMA-) positive fibroblastic cells in early phase and decreased them in late phase of wound healing. By Western blotting, KKT showed the potential to decrease inflammatory cytokines (MCP-1, IL-1β, and TNF-α) in early phase, decrease vascular endothelial growth factor in early phase and increase it in late phase, and modulate the expression of extracellular protein matrix (α-SMA, TGF-β1, bFGF, collagen III, and collagen I). These results suggested the possibility that KKT accelerates pressure ulcer healing through decreases of inflammatory cytokines, increase of angiogenesis, and induction of extracellular matrix remodeling.
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