1
|
Molano M, Machalek DA, Phillips S, Tan G, Garland SM, Hawkes D, Balgovind P, Haqshenas R, Badman SG, Bolnga J, Gabuzzi J, Kombati Z, Munnull GM, Brotherton JM, Saville M, Kaldor JM, Toliman PJ, Vallely AJ, Murray GL. DNA methylation at individual CpG-sites of EPB41L3, HTERT and FAM19A4 are useful for detection of cervical high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL) or worse: Analysis of individual CpG-sites outperforms averaging. Tumour Virus Res 2024; 18:200288. [PMID: 38960143 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvr.2024.200288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Global methylation analysis of gene promoters is promising for detection of high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions or worse (HSIL+) in high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV)-positive women. However, diagnostic performance of methylation data at individual CpG-sites is limited. We explored methylation for predicting HSIL+ in self- and clinician-collected samples from Papua New Guinea. Methylation of EPB41L3 (1-6 CpG-sites), hTERT (1-10 CpG-sites) and FAM19A4 (1-5 CpG-sites) was assessed through pyrosequencing from 44 HPV+ samples (4 cancers, 19 HSIL, 4 low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL), 17 normal). New primers were designed for FAM19A4 directed to the first exon region not explored previously. In clinician-collected samples, methylation at CpG-sites 4 and 5 of EPB41L3 were the best HSIL predictors (AUC >0.83) and CpG-site 4 for cancer (0.925). Combination of EPB41L3 sites 2/4 plus FAM19A4 site 1 were the best HSIL+ markers [100% sensitivity, 63.2% specificity]. Methylation at CpG-site 5 of FAM19A4 was the best HSIL predictor (0.67) in self-collected samples, and CpG-sites 1 and 3 of FAM19A4 for cancer (0.77). Combined, FAM19A4 site 1 plus HPV 16/18 detection yielded sensitivity of 82.6% and specificity of 61.9%. In conclusion, methylation at individual CpG-sites of EPB41L3 and FAM19A4 outperformed global analysis and improved HSIL+ detection, warranting further investigation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Monica Molano
- Centre for Women's Infectious Diseases, The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Dorothy A Machalek
- Centre for Women's Infectious Diseases, The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Samuel Phillips
- Centre for Women's Infectious Diseases, The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Grace Tan
- Australian Centre for the Prevention of Cervical Cancer, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Suzanne M Garland
- Centre for Women's Infectious Diseases, The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - David Hawkes
- Australian Centre for the Prevention of Cervical Cancer, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Prisha Balgovind
- Centre for Women's Infectious Diseases, The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Reza Haqshenas
- Centre for Women's Infectious Diseases, The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| | - Steve G Badman
- The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - John Bolnga
- Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Goroka, Papua New Guinea; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Modilon General Hospital, Madang, Papua New Guinea
| | - Josephine Gabuzzi
- Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Goroka, Papua New Guinea; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Modilon General Hospital, Madang, Papua New Guinea
| | - Zure Kombati
- Department of Pathology, Mt Hagen Provincial Hospital, WHP 281, Papua New Guinea
| | - Gloria M Munnull
- Papua New Guinea Institute of Medical Research, Goroka, Papua New Guinea; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Mt Hagen Provincial Hospital, Mount Hagen, Papua New Guinea
| | - Julia Ml Brotherton
- Australian Centre for the Prevention of Cervical Cancer, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Marion Saville
- Australian Centre for the Prevention of Cervical Cancer, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - John M Kaldor
- The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Pamela J Toliman
- The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Andrew J Vallely
- The Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Gerald L Murray
- Centre for Women's Infectious Diseases, The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Muresu N, Puci MV, Sotgiu G, Sechi I, Usai M, Cossu A, Martinelli M, Cocuzza CE, Piana A. Diagnostic Accuracy of DNA-Methylation in Detection of Cervical Dysplasia: Findings from a Population-Based Screening Program. Cancers (Basel) 2024; 16:1986. [PMID: 38893107 PMCID: PMC11171015 DOI: 10.3390/cancers16111986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epigenetic biomarkers in cancer have emerged as promising tools for early detection, prognosis, and treatment response prediction. In cervical cells, hypermethylation of the host and viral HPV-genome increases with the severity of lesions, providing a useful biomarker in the triage of hr-HPV-positive women and during treatment. The present study focuses on evaluating the clinical performance of the FAM19A4/miR124-2 methylation test in a population-based cervical screening program. METHODS Previously collected cervical samples, after bisulfite-converted DNA, were analyzed by PreCursor-M+ kit (distributed by Fujirebio Europe), for DNA methylation. The sensitivity, specificity, and negative/positive predictive values of DNA methylation were compared to histology, colposcopy, the HPV-DNA test, and cytology results. RESULTS Among the 61-sample set, the specificity of methylation vs. positive histology (≥CIN2) and colposcopy (≥G2) were 87% and 90%, whereas the sensitivity was 50% and 33.3%, respectively. The combination of methylation analysis with standard methods increases diagnostic accuracy. CONCLUSIONS Overall, we found a good specificity of DNA methylation in comparison to currently used techniques. Further larger studies could support the use of FAM19A4/miR124-2 as reliable biomarkers in the prevention of cervical cancer as triage in the screening protocol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Narcisa Muresu
- Department of Humanities and Social Science, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy;
| | - Mariangela V. Puci
- Clinical Epidemiology and Medical Statistics Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (M.V.P.); (G.S.)
| | - Giovanni Sotgiu
- Clinical Epidemiology and Medical Statistics Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (M.V.P.); (G.S.)
| | - Illari Sechi
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (I.S.); (A.C.); (A.P.)
| | - Manuela Usai
- Department of Humanities and Social Science, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy;
| | - Andrea Cossu
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (I.S.); (A.C.); (A.P.)
| | - Marianna Martinelli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano-Bicocca, 20900 Monza, Italy; (M.M.); (C.E.C.)
| | | | - Andrea Piana
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (I.S.); (A.C.); (A.P.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Moshi JM, Ummelen M, Smedts F, Ramaekers FCS, Hopman AHN. Inhibition of cytosine 5-hydroxymethylation during progression of cancer precursor lesions in the uterine cervix. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0297008. [PMID: 38635731 PMCID: PMC11025792 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0297008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Methylation and hydroxymethylation of cytosine moieties in CpG islands of specific genes are epigenetic processes shown to be involved in the development of cervical (pre)neoplastic lesions. We studied global (hydroxy)methylation during the subsequent steps in the carcinogenic process of the uterine cervix by using immunohistochemical protocols for the detection of 5-methylcytosine (5-mC) and 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5-hmC) in paraffin-embedded tissues of the normal epithelia and (pre)malignant lesions. This approach allowed obtaining spatially resolved information of (epi)genetic alterations for individual cell populations in morphologically heterogeneous tissue samples. The normal ectocervical squamous epithelium showed a high degree of heterogeneity for both modifications, with a major positivity for 5-mC in the basal and parabasal layers in the ectocervical region, while 5-hmC immunostaining was even more restricted to the cells in the basal layer. Immature squamous metaplasia, characterized by expression of SOX17, surprisingly showed a decrease of 5-hmC in the basal compartments and an increase in the more superficial layers of the epithelium. The normal endocervical glandular epithelium showed a strong immunostaining reactivity for both modifications. At the squamocolumnar junctions, a specific 5-hmC pattern was observed in the squamous epithelium, resembling that of metaplasia, with the typical weak to negative reaction for 5-hmC in the basal cell compartment. The reserve cells underlying the glandular epithelium were also largely negative for 5-hmC but showed immunostaining for 5-mC. While the overall methylation status remained relatively constant, about 20% of the high-grade squamous lesions showed a very low immunostaining reactivity for 5-hmC. The (pre)malignant glandular lesions, including adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) and adenocarcinoma showed a progressive decrease of hydroxymethylation with advancement of the lesion, resulting in cases with regions that were negative for 5-hmC immunostaining. These data indicate that inhibition of demethylation, which normally follows cytosine hydroxymethylation, is an important epigenetic switch in the development of cervical cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jobran M. Moshi
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, GROW-School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
- Department of Medical Laboratory Technology, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Monique Ummelen
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, GROW-School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Frank Smedts
- Department of Pathology, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
| | - Frans C. S. Ramaekers
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, GROW-School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| | - Anton H. N. Hopman
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, GROW-School for Oncology and Reproduction, Maastricht University Medical Center, Maastricht, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Macios A, Nowakowski A. False Negative Results in Cervical Cancer Screening-Risks, Reasons and Implications for Clinical Practice and Public Health. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12:1508. [PMID: 35741319 PMCID: PMC9222017 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12061508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
False negative (FN) results in cervical cancer (CC) screening pose serious risks to women. We present a comprehensive literature review on the risks and reasons of obtaining the FN results of primary CC screening tests and triage methods and discuss their clinical and public health impact and implications. Misinterpretation or true lack of abnormalities on a slide are the reasons of FN results in cytology and p16/Ki-67 dual-staining. For high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) molecular tests, those include: truly non-HPV-associated tumors, lesions driven by low-risk HPV types, and clearance of HPV genetic material before sampling. Imprecise disease threshold definition lead to FN results in visual inspection with acetic acid. Lesions with a discrete colposcopic appearance are a source of FN in colposcopic procedures. For FAM19A4 and hsa-miR124-2 genes methylation, those may originate from borderline methylation levels. Histological misinterpretation, sampling, and laboratory errors also play a role in all types of CC screening, as well as reproducibility issue, especially in methods based on human-eye evaluation. Primary HPV-based screening combined with high quality-assured immunocytochemical and molecular triage methods seem to be an optimal approach. Colposcopy with histological evaluation remains the gold standard for diagnosis but requires quality protocols and assurance measures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anna Macios
- Doctoral School of Translational Medicine, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Marymoncka Street 99/103, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Cancer Prevention, The Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Roentgen Street 5, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Andrzej Nowakowski
- Department of Cancer Prevention, The Maria Sklodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology, Roentgen Street 5, 02-781 Warsaw, Poland
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhu S, Hu X, Bennett S, Mai Y, Xu J. Molecular Structure, Expression and Role of TAFA4 and its Receptor FPR1 in the Spinal Cord. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:911414. [PMID: 35712659 PMCID: PMC9194834 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.911414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
TAFA chemokine like family member 4 (TAFA4, also named FAM19A4) is a member of the TAFA chemokine like ligand or FAM19A family, which includes TAFA1, TAFA2, TAFA3, TAFA4, and TAFA5 (or FAM19A1, FAM19A2, FAM19A3, FAM19A4, and FAM19A5). They are also referred to as neurokines and are involved in the regulation of a diverse range of cellular processes, including chemotaxis of macrophages, phagocytosis, and release of reactive oxygen species (ROS). TAFA4 is a marker of C-low-threshold mechanoreceptors and is expressed predominantly in nociceptors, such as dorsal root ganglia (DRG). TAFA4 has been implicated in the sensory perception of pain in the spinal cord. Mice with deficiency of TAFA4 demonstrate altered excitability in lamina IIi neurons in DRG in addition to increased mechanical and chemical nociception following inflammation or injury. As a secreted protein, TAFA4 binds to cell surface receptor formyl peptide receptor 1 (FPR1), a G protein-coupled receptor to mediate the chemoattraction of macrophages, phagocytosis, and the inflammatory profile of macrophages. It also interacts with cell surface neurexin to mediate signalling across the synapse. Further understanding the mechanisms by which this conserved protein family regulates diverse biological processes such as in neuronal functions, inflammation, and tissue fibrosis will help to design therapeutic targets for the treatment of TAFA related diseases such as spinal cord injury and neuro-inflammatory disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sipin Zhu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Molecular Lab, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Xiaoyong Hu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Industrial Surfactant, Guangdong Research Institute of Petrochemical and Fine Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Samuel Bennett
- Molecular Lab, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Yuliang Mai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Industrial Surfactant, Guangdong Research Institute of Petrochemical and Fine Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yuliang Mai, ; Jiake Xu,
| | - Jiake Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Molecular Lab, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, Australia
- *Correspondence: Yuliang Mai, ; Jiake Xu,
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Zhang L, Tan W, Yang H, Zhang S, Dai Y. Detection of Host Cell Gene/HPV DNA Methylation Markers: A Promising Triage Approach for Cervical Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:831949. [PMID: 35402283 PMCID: PMC8990922 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.831949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the most prevalent gynecologic malignancy, especially in women of low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). With a better understanding of the etiology and pathogenesis of cervical cancer, it has been well accepted that this type of cancer can be prevented and treated via early screening. Due to its higher sensitivity than cytology to identify precursor lesions of cervical cancer, detection of high-risk human papillomavirus (HR-HPV) DNA has been implemented as the primary screening approach. However, a high referral rate for colposcopy after HR-HPV DNA detection due to its low specificity in HR-HPV screening often leads to overtreatment and thus increases the healthcare burden. Emerging evidence has demonstrated that detection of host cell gene and/or HPV DNA methylation represents a promising approach for the early triage of cervical cancer in HR-HPV-positive women owing to its convenience and comparable performance to cytology, particularly in LMICs with limited healthcare resources. While numerous potential markers involving DNA methylation of host cell genes and the HPV genome have been identified thus far, it is crucial to define which genes or panels involving host and/or HPV are feasible and appropriate for large-scale screening and triage. An ideal approach for screening and triage of CIN/ICC requires high sensitivity and adequate specificity and is suitable for self-sampling and inexpensive to allow population-based screening, particularly in LMICs. In this review, we summarize the markers of host cell gene/HR-HPV DNA methylation and discuss their triage performance and feasibility for high-grade precancerous cervical intraepithelial neoplasia or worse (CIN2+ and CIN3+) in HR-HPV-positive women.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lingyi Zhang
- Laboratory of Cancer Precision Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Wenxi Tan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Hongmei Yang
- Laboratory of Cancer Precision Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Critical Care Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Songling Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Yun Dai
- Laboratory of Cancer Precision Medicine, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Habib I, Anjum F, Mohammad T, Sulaimani MN, Shafie A, Almehmadi M, Yadav DK, Sohal SS, Hassan MI. Differential gene expression and network analysis in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 477:1361-1370. [PMID: 35142951 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04379-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is a prevalent malignancy with a poor prognosis, whose biomarkers have not been studied in great detail. We have collected genomic data of HNSCC patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and analyzed them to get deeper insights into the gene expression pattern. Initially, 793 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were categorized, and their enrichment analysis was performed. Later, a protein-protein interaction network for the DEGs was constructed using the STRING plugin in Cytoscape to study their interactions. A set of 10 hub genes was selected based on Maximal Clique Centrality score, and later their survival analysis was studied. The elucidated set of 10 genes, i.e., PRAME, MAGEC2, MAGEA12, LHX1, MAGEA3, CSAG1, MAGEA6, LCE6A, LCE2D, LCE2C, referred to as potential candidates to be explored as HNSCC biomarkers. The Kaplan-Meier overall survival of the selected genes suggested that the alterations in the candidate genes were linked to the decreased survival of the HNSCC patients. Altogether, the results of this study signify that the genomic alterations and differential expression of the selected genes can be explored in therapeutic interpolations of HNSCC, exploiting early diagnosis and target-propelled therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Insan Habib
- Department of Computer Science, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Farah Anjum
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Taj Mohammad
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Md Nayab Sulaimani
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India
| | - Alaa Shafie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mazen Almehmadi
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif, 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Dharmendra Kumar Yadav
- College of Pharmacy, Gachon University of Medicine and Science, Hambakmoeiro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon City, 21924, South Korea.
| | - Sukhwinder Singh Sohal
- Respiratory Translational Research Group, Department of Laboratory Medicine, School of Health Sciences, College of Health and Medicine, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Australia
| | - Md Imtaiyaz Hassan
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, Jamia Nagar, New Delhi, 110025, India.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
IMAI K, TANIGUCHI H. Therapeutic siRNA targeting the cancer cell stemness regulator PRDI-BF1 and RIZ domain zinc finger protein 14. PROCEEDINGS OF THE JAPAN ACADEMY. SERIES B, PHYSICAL AND BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES 2022; 98:325-335. [PMID: 35908955 PMCID: PMC9363597 DOI: 10.2183/pjab.98.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
PRDI-BF1 and RIZ (PR) domain zinc finger protein 14 (PRDM14), first reported in 2007 to be overexpressed in breast cancer, plays an important role in breast cancer proliferation. Subsequent studies reported that PRDM14 is expressed in embryonic stem cells, primordial germ cells, and various cancers. PRDM14 was reported to confer stemness properties to cancer cells. These properties induce cancer initiation, cancer progression, therapeutic resistance, distant metastasis, and recurrence in refractory tumors. Therefore, PRDM14 may be an ideal therapeutic target for various types of tumors. Silencing PRDM14 expression using PRDM14-specific siRNA delivered through an innovative intravenous drug delivery system reduced the size of inoculated tumors, incidence of distant metastases, and increased overall survival in nude mice without causing adverse effects. Therapeutic siRNA targeting PRDM14 is now being evaluated in a human phase I clinical trial for patients with refractory breast cancer, including triple-negative breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kohzoh IMAI
- Institute for Genetic Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Hiroaki TANIGUCHI
- Keio Cancer Center, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Salta S, Maia-Moço L, Estevão-Pereira H, Sequeira JP, Vieira R, Bartosch C, Petronilho S, Monteiro P, Sousa A, Baldaque I, Rodrigues J, Sousa H, Tavares F, Henrique R, Jerónimo C. Performance of DNA methylation-based biomarkers in the cervical cancer screening program of northern Portugal: A feasibility study. Int J Cancer 2021; 149:1916-1925. [PMID: 34460099 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.33778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Cervical cancer remains a health concern. Effective screening programs are critical to reduce the incidence and mortality. High-risk HPV (hr-HPV) testing as primary screening tool discloses high sensitivity but suboptimal specificity. Adequate triage tests to reduce unnecessary colposcopy referrals and overdiagnosis/overtreatment are crucial. Hence, we aimed to validate a panel of DNA methylation-based markers as triage test for women hr-HPV+ in the population-based Regional Cervical Cancer Screening Program of Northern Portugal. Firstly, CADM1, MAL, FAM19A4 and hsa-miR124-2 promoter methylation levels were assessed by multiplex QMSP in a testing set of 402 FFPE tissue samples (159 normal samples and 243 cervical lesions, including 39 low-grade intraepithelial squamous lesions [LSIL], 59 high-grade intraepithelial squamous lesions [HSIL] and 145 cancerous lesions). Then, preliminary validation was performed in 125 hr-HPV+ cervical scrapes (including 59 normal samples, 30 LSIL, 34 HSIL and 2 cancerous lesions). Higher MALme , FAM19A4me and hsa-miR124-2me methylation levels were disclosed in histological HSIL or worse (HSIL+) in testing set. Individually, markers depicted over 86% specificity for HSIL+ detection. In validation set, all these genes significantly differed between histological HSIL+ and low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions or less. In combination, these markers reached 74% specificity and 61% sensitivity for identification of histological HSIL+. We concluded that host gene methylation might constitute a useful referral triage tool of hr-HPV+ women enrolled in the Cervical Cancer Screening Program of Northern Portugal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sofia Salta
- Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), Porto, Portugal.,Doctoral Program in Molecular Pathology and Genetics, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences-University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Leonardo Maia-Moço
- Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), Porto, Portugal
| | - Helena Estevão-Pereira
- Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), Porto, Portugal
| | - José Pedro Sequeira
- Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), Porto, Portugal.,Master Program in Oncology, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences-University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Renata Vieira
- Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), Porto, Portugal.,Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto, Portugal
| | - Carla Bartosch
- Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), Porto, Portugal.,Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto, Portugal.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences-University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Sara Petronilho
- Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), Porto, Portugal.,Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto, Portugal.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences-University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Paula Monteiro
- Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto, Portugal
| | - Ana Sousa
- Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto, Portugal.,Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), Porto, Portugal
| | - Inês Baldaque
- Virology Service, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto, Portugal
| | - Jéssica Rodrigues
- Cancer Epidemiology Group, IPO Porto Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), Porto, Portugal.,Centre of Mathematics (CMAT), University of Minho, Campus de Gualtar, Braga, Portugal
| | - Hugo Sousa
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), Porto, Portugal.,Virology Service, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto, Portugal
| | | | - Rui Henrique
- Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), Porto, Portugal.,Department of Pathology, Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto), Porto, Portugal.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences-University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Porto, Portugal
| | - Carmen Jerónimo
- Cancer Biology & Epigenetics Group, Research Center of IPO Porto (CI-IPOP)/RISE@CI-IPOP (Health Research Network), Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto (IPO Porto)/Porto Comprehensive Cancer Center (Porto.CCC), Porto, Portugal.,Department of Pathology and Molecular Immunology, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences-University of Porto (ICBAS-UP), Porto, Portugal
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Emerging Roles of PRDM Factors in Stem Cells and Neuronal System: Cofactor Dependent Regulation of PRDM3/16 and FOG1/2 (Novel PRDM Factors). Cells 2020; 9:cells9122603. [PMID: 33291744 PMCID: PMC7761934 DOI: 10.3390/cells9122603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Revised: 11/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PRDI-BF1 (positive regulatory domain I-binding factor 1) and RIZ1 (retinoblastoma protein-interacting zinc finger gene 1) (PR) homologous domain containing (PRDM) transcription factors are expressed in neuronal and stem cell systems, and they exert multiple functions in a spatiotemporal manner. Therefore, it is believed that PRDM factors cooperate with a number of protein partners to regulate a critical set of genes required for maintenance of stem cell self-renewal and differentiation through genetic and epigenetic mechanisms. In this review, we summarize recent findings about the expression of PRDM factors and function in stem cell and neuronal systems with a focus on cofactor-dependent regulation of PRDM3/16 and FOG1/2. We put special attention on summarizing the effects of the PRDM proteins interaction with chromatin modulators (NuRD complex and CtBPs) on the stem cell characteristic and neuronal differentiation. Although PRDM factors are known to possess intrinsic enzyme activity, our literature analysis suggests that cofactor-dependent regulation of PRDM3/16 and FOG1/2 is also one of the important mechanisms to orchestrate bidirectional target gene regulation. Therefore, determining stem cell and neuronal-specific cofactors will help better understanding of PRDM3/16 and FOG1/2-controlled stem cell maintenance and neuronal differentiation. Finally, we discuss the clinical aspect of these PRDM factors in different diseases including cancer. Overall, this review will help further sharpen our knowledge of the function of the PRDM3/16 and FOG1/2 with hopes to open new research fields related to these factors in stem cell biology and neuroscience.
Collapse
|
11
|
Non-del(5q) myelodysplastic syndromes-associated loci detected by SNP-array genome-wide association meta-analysis. Blood Adv 2020; 3:3579-3589. [PMID: 31738830 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2019000922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) are hematopoietic stem cell malignancies. Known predisposing factors to adult MDS include rare germline mutations, cytotoxic therapy, age-related clonal hematopoiesis, and autoimmune or chronic inflammatory disorders. To date, no published studies characterizing MDS-associated germline susceptibility polymorphisms exist. We performed a genome-wide association study of 2 sample sets (555 MDS cases vs 2964 control subjects; 352 MDS cases vs 2640 control subjects) in non-del(5q) MDS cases of European genomic ancestry. Meta-analysis identified 8 MDS-associated loci at 1q31.1 (PLA2G4A), 3p14.1 (FAM19A4), 5q21.3 (EFNA5), 6p21.33, 10q23.1 (GRID1), 12q24.32, 15q26.1, and 20q13.12 (EYA2) that approached genome-wide significance. Gene expression for 5 loci that mapped within or near genes was significantly upregulated in MDS bone marrow cells compared with those of control subjects (P < .01). Higher PLA2G4A expression and lower EYA2 expression were associated with poorer overall survival (P = .039 and P = .037, respectively). Higher PLA2G4A expression is associated with mutations in NRAS (P < .001), RUNX1 (P = .012), ASXL1 (P = .007), and EZH2 (P = .038), all of which are known to contribute to MDS development. EYA2 expression was an independently favorable risk factor irrespective of age, sex, and Revised International Scoring System score (relative risk, 0.67; P = .048). Notably, these genes have regulatory roles in innate immunity, a critical driver of MDS pathogenesis. EYA2 overexpression induced innate immune activation, whereas EYA2 inhibition restored colony-forming potential in primary MDS cells indicative of hematopoietic restoration and possible clinical relevance. In conclusion, among 8 suggestive MDS-associated loci, 5 map to genes upregulated in MDS with functional roles in innate immunity and potential biological relevance to MDS.
Collapse
|
12
|
Ondič O, Němcová J, Alaghehbandan R, Černá K, Gomolčáková B, Kinkorová-Luňáčková I, Chytra J, Šidlová H, Májek O, Bouda J. The detection of DNA methylation of tumour suppressor genes in cervical high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion: A prospective cytological-histological correlation study of 70 cases. Cytopathology 2020; 30:426-431. [PMID: 31074057 DOI: 10.1111/cyt.12718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 05/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND DNA methylation has been suggested as one of the epigenetic changes promoting carcinogenesis. The aim of this study was to prospectively evaluate the methylation status of CADM 1, MAL and hsa-miR-124 genes in high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) liquid-based cytology (LBC) samples with a histological correlation. METHODS Seventy histologically confirmed cases of HSIL paired with prior screening LBC diagnosis of HSIL within a 3-month interval were selected. Histologically, the lesions were reviewed and assessed including: (a) number of blocks harbouring dysplastic squamous epithelium; (b) number of blocks containing glandular extension of dysplastic epithelium; and (c) the depth of glandular extension (which was assessed semi-quantitatively as graded 1-3). Human papillomavirus (HPV) subtyping was performed from residual LBC materials using the LINEAR ARRAY HPV Genotyping Test and in-house polymerase chain reaction targeting the HPV E1 gene. The detection of methylation silencing of tumour suppressor genes CADM1, MAL and hsa-miR-124 was performed by multiplex methylation-specific real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS A positive methylation status was detected in 41 cases (58.6%). The number of blocks with HSIL varied from one to 13. Glandular extension was seen in 44 cases with the number of blocks involved ranging from one to 10. The depth of HSIL glandular extension varied. CONCLUSION The DNA methylation test allows HSIL lesions to be divided into two distinct groups of methylated HSIL in significantly older patients and unmethylated HSIL in younger patients. This study was not able to prove that methylation status in cervical HSIL correlates with the size of the lesion (measured by the number of blocks involved) or with HSIL propensity for endocervical glandular extension, nor with HPV type or multi-infection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ondrej Ondič
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Charles University Hospital Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic.,Bioptická Laboratoř, s.r.o., Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Němcová
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Charles University Hospital Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic.,Bioptická Laboratoř, s.r.o., Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Reza Alaghehbandan
- Department of Pathology, Royal Columbian Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kateřina Černá
- Department of Pathology, Medical Faculty, Charles University Hospital Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic.,Bioptická Laboratoř, s.r.o., Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | | | | | - Jan Chytra
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| | - Henrieta Šidlová
- Cytopathos, s.r.o., Bratislava, Slovak Republic.,Department of Pathology, Slovak Medical University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Ondřej Májek
- Institute of Biostatistics and Analyses, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Bouda
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine in Pilsen, Charles University, Pilsen, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Casamassimi A, Rienzo M, Di Zazzo E, Sorrentino A, Fiore D, Proto MC, Moncharmont B, Gazzerro P, Bifulco M, Abbondanza C. Multifaceted Role of PRDM Proteins in Human Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072648. [PMID: 32290321 PMCID: PMC7177584 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 03/29/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The PR/SET domain family (PRDM) comprise a family of genes whose protein products share a conserved N-terminal PR [PRDI-BF1 (positive regulatory domain I-binding factor 1) and RIZ1 (retinoblastoma protein-interacting zinc finger gene 1)] homologous domain structurally and functionally similar to the catalytic SET [Su(var)3-9, enhancer-of-zeste and trithorax] domain of histone methyltransferases (HMTs). These genes are involved in epigenetic regulation of gene expression through their intrinsic HMTase activity or via interactions with other chromatin modifying enzymes. In this way they control a broad spectrum of biological processes, including proliferation and differentiation control, cell cycle progression, and maintenance of immune cell homeostasis. In cancer, tumor-specific dysfunctions of PRDM genes alter their expression by genetic and/or epigenetic modifications. A common characteristic of most PRDM genes is to encode for two main molecular variants with or without the PR domain. They are generated by either alternative splicing or alternative use of different promoters and play opposite roles, particularly in cancer where their imbalance can be often observed. In this scenario, PRDM proteins are involved in cancer onset, invasion, and metastasis and their altered expression is related to poor prognosis and clinical outcome. These functions strongly suggest their potential use in cancer management as diagnostic or prognostic tools and as new targets of therapeutic intervention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amelia Casamassimi
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via L. De Crecchio, 80138 Naples, Italy; (E.D.Z.); (A.S.)
- Correspondence: (A.C.); (C.A.); Tel.: +39-081-566-7579 (A.C.); +39-081-566-7568 (C.A.)
| | - Monica Rienzo
- Department of Environmental, Biological, and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 81100 Caserta, Italy;
| | - Erika Di Zazzo
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via L. De Crecchio, 80138 Naples, Italy; (E.D.Z.); (A.S.)
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “V. Tiberio”, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy;
| | - Anna Sorrentino
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via L. De Crecchio, 80138 Naples, Italy; (E.D.Z.); (A.S.)
| | - Donatella Fiore
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy; (D.F.); (M.C.P.); (P.G.)
| | - Maria Chiara Proto
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy; (D.F.); (M.C.P.); (P.G.)
| | - Bruno Moncharmont
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences “V. Tiberio”, University of Molise, 86100 Campobasso, Italy;
| | - Patrizia Gazzerro
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano (SA), Italy; (D.F.); (M.C.P.); (P.G.)
| | - Maurizio Bifulco
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Ciro Abbondanza
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Via L. De Crecchio, 80138 Naples, Italy; (E.D.Z.); (A.S.)
- Correspondence: (A.C.); (C.A.); Tel.: +39-081-566-7579 (A.C.); +39-081-566-7568 (C.A.)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Comparative Analysis of Urine Fractions for Optimal Bladder Cancer Detection Using DNA Methylation Markers. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12040859. [PMID: 32252299 PMCID: PMC7226114 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12040859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
DNA methylation analysis of full void urine and urine pellet seems promising for bladder cancer (BC) detection and surveillance. Urinary cell-free DNA from urine supernatant is now gaining interest for other molecular tests in BC. This study aims to evaluate which urine fraction is preferred for BC diagnosis using methylation markers: full void urine, urine pellet or supernatant. Methylation levels of nine markers were determined in the three urine fractions and correlated with their respective tumor tissues in BC patients and compared to controls. For all markers and marker panel GHSR/MAL, diagnostic performance was determined by calculating the area under the curve (AUC) of the respective receiver operating characteristic curves. For most of the markers, there was a significant correlation between the methylation levels in each of the urine fractions and the matched tumor tissues. Urine pellet was the most representative fraction. Generally, AUCs for BC diagnosis were comparable among the fractions. The highest AUC was obtained for GHSR/MAL in urine pellet: AUC 0.87 (95% confidence interval: 0.73-1.00), corresponding to a sensitivity of 78.6% and a specificity of 91.7%. Our results demonstrate that cellular and cell-free DNA in urine can be used for BC diagnosis by urinary methylation analysis. Based on our comparative analysis and for practical reasons, we recommend the use of urine pellet.
Collapse
|
15
|
Tracey LJ, Justice MJ. Off to a Bad Start: Cancer Initiation by Pluripotency Regulator PRDM14. Trends Genet 2019; 35:489-500. [PMID: 31130394 DOI: 10.1016/j.tig.2019.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Despite advances in chemotherapies that improve cancer survival, most patients who relapse succumb to the disease due to the presence of cancer stem cells (CSCs), which are highly chemoresistant. The pluripotency factor PR domain 14 (PRDM14) has a key role in initiating many types of cancer. Normally, PRDM14 uses epigenetic mechanisms to establish and maintain the pluripotency of embryonic cells, and its role in cancer is similar. This important link between cancer and induced pluripotency is a key revelation for how CSCs may form: pluripotency genes, such as PRDM14, can expand stem-like cells as they promote ongoing DNA damage. PRDM14 and its protein-binding partners, the ETO/CBFA2T family, are ideal candidates for eliminating CSCs from relevant cancers, preventing relapse and improving long-term survival.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauren J Tracey
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ONT, M5G 0A4, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONT, M5S 1A8, Canada
| | - Monica J Justice
- Program in Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ONT, M5G 0A4, Canada; Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONT, M5S 1A8, Canada.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Snoek BC, Splunter APV, Bleeker MCG, Ruiten MCV, Heideman DAM, Rurup WF, Verlaat W, Schotman H, Gent MV, Trommel NEV, Steenbergen RDM. Cervical cancer detection by DNA methylation analysis in urine. Sci Rep 2019; 9:3088. [PMID: 30816167 PMCID: PMC6395822 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-39275-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Accepted: 01/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Urine samples provide a potential alternative to physician-taken or self-collected cervical samples for cervical screening. Screening by primary hrHPV testing requires additional risk assessment (so-called triage) of hrHPV-positive women. Molecular markers, such as DNA methylation, have proven most valuable for triage when applied to cervical specimens. This study was set out to compare hrHPV and DNA methylation results in paired urine and cervical scrapes, and to evaluate the feasibility of DNA methylation analysis in urine to detect cervical cancer. Urine samples (n = 41; native and sediment) and paired cervical scrapes (n = 38) from cervical cancer patients, and urine from 44 female controls, were tested for hrHPV and 6 methylation markers. Results on native urine and sediment were highly comparable. A strong agreement was found between hrHPV testing on urine and scrapes (kappa = 0.79). Also, methylation levels in urine were moderately to strongly correlated to those detected in scrapes (r = 0.508-0.717). All markers were significantly increased in urine from cervical cancer patients compared to controls and showed a good discriminatory power for cervical cancer (AUC = 0.744-0.887). Our results show a good agreement of urine-based molecular analysis with reference cervical samples, and suggest that urine-based DNA methylation testing may provide a promising strategy for cervical cancer detection.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Barbara C Snoek
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Pathology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, De Boelelaan, 1117, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Annina P van Splunter
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Pathology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, De Boelelaan, 1117, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Maaike C G Bleeker
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Pathology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, De Boelelaan, 1117, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Maartje C van Ruiten
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Pathology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, De Boelelaan, 1117, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Daniëlle A M Heideman
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Pathology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, De Boelelaan, 1117, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - W Frederik Rurup
- BIOS Lab on a Chip group, MESA+ and MIRA institutes, University of Twente, Enschede, Netherlands
| | - Wina Verlaat
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Pathology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, De Boelelaan, 1117, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Hans Schotman
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Clinical Chemistry, De Boelelaan, 1117, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Mignon van Gent
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Nienke E van Trommel
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Netherlands Cancer Institute - Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Renske D M Steenbergen
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Pathology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, De Boelelaan, 1117, Amsterdam, Netherlands.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Bosschieter J, Nieuwenhuijzen JA, Hentschel A, van Splunter AP, Segerink LI, Vis AN, Wilting SM, Lissenberg-Witte BI, A van Moorselaar RJ, Steenbergen RD. A two-gene methylation signature for the diagnosis of bladder cancer in urine. Epigenomics 2019; 11:337-347. [PMID: 30706728 DOI: 10.2217/epi-2018-0094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To analyze the potential of 14 cancer-associated genes, including six miRNAs, for bladder cancer (BC) diagnosis in urine. PATIENTS & METHODS DNA methylation levels of 14 genes were analyzed in urine of 72 BC patients and 75 healthy controls using quantitative methylation-specific PCR. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine an optimal marker panel. RESULTS Ten genes were significantly hypermethylated in BC patients. The GHSR/MAL combination showed the best diagnostic performance, reaching a sensitivity of 92% (95% CI: 86-99) and a specificity of 85% (95% CI: 76-94). CONCLUSION We identified a novel two-gene panel with a high diagnostic accuracy for BC that can be applied in a noninvasive, urine-based test.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Judith Bosschieter
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Urology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jakko A Nieuwenhuijzen
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Urology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anouk Hentschel
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Urology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Annina P van Splunter
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Pathology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Loes I Segerink
- BIOS Lab on a Chip group, MESA+ & MIRA institutes, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - André N Vis
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Urology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Saskia M Wilting
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Pathology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Medical Oncology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Birgit I Lissenberg-Witte
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Amsterdam Public Health, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - R Jeroen A van Moorselaar
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Urology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Renske Dm Steenbergen
- Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Pathology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Estêvão D, Costa NR, Gil da Costa RM, Medeiros R. Hallmarks of HPV carcinogenesis: The role of E6, E7 and E5 oncoproteins in cellular malignancy. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-GENE REGULATORY MECHANISMS 2019; 1862:153-162. [PMID: 30707946 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagrm.2019.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 01/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infectious agent worldwide, being also responsible for 5% of all human cancers. The integration and hypermethylation mechanisms of the HPV viral genome promote the unbalanced expression of the E6, E7 and E5 oncoproteins, which are crucial factors for the carcinogenic cascade in HPV-induced cancers. This review highlights the action of E6, E7 and E5 over key regulatory targets, promoting all known hallmarks of cancer. Both well-characterized and novel targets of these HPV oncoproteins are described, detailing their mechanisms of action. Finally, this review approaches the possibility of targeting E6, E7 and E5 for therapeutic applications in the context of cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Diogo Estêvão
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, IPO-Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto (IPO-Porto), Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; FMUP, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Natália Rios Costa
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, IPO-Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto (IPO-Porto), Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Rui M Gil da Costa
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, IPO-Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto (IPO-Porto), Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; Center for the Research and Technology of Agro-Environmental and Biological Sciences (CITAB), University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, 5001-911 Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Rui Medeiros
- Molecular Oncology and Viral Pathology Group, IPO-Porto Research Center (CI-IPOP), Portuguese Institute of Oncology of Porto (IPO-Porto), Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida, 4200-072 Porto, Portugal; FMUP, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal; LPCC, Research Department Portuguese League Against Cancer (Liga Portuguesa Contra o Cancro-Núcleo Regional do Norte), Estrada Interior da Circunvalação, no. 6657, 4200-177 Porto, Portugal; CEBIMED, Faculty of Health Sciences, Fernando Pessoa University, Porto, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Role of genomic DNA methylation in detection of cytologic and histologic abnormalities in high risk HPV-infected women. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0210289. [PMID: 30608989 PMCID: PMC6319776 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0210289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is the fourth most common malignancy affecting women worldwide. The development of disease is related to high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) infection. Cytology has been the most recommended triage for primary cervical (pre)cancer screening despite relatively low sensitivity. Recently, genomic DNA methylation has been proposed as an additional marker to increase sensitivity for detecting cervical precancerous lesion. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of methylation status of three tumor suppressor genes (CADM1, FAM19A4, and MAL) and HPV genotyping in detection of cytologic and histologic abnormalities in cervical cancer screening. Two hundred and sixty samples with available frozen cell pellets including 70 randomly selected cases of negative for intraepithelial lesion or malignancy (NILM)&HPV-negative, 70 randomly selected cases of NILM&HPV-positive, and 120 cytologic abnormalities & HPV-positive from a population-based cervical cancer screening program (n = 7,604) were investigated for the DNA methylation pattern of CADM1, FAM19A4, and MAL. Of 120 cytologic abnormalities & HPV-positive cases, there were 115 available histologic results. HPV52 and HPV58 were most commonly found in histologic HSIL+. The methylation levels of CADM1, FAM19A4, and MAL were elevated with the severity of cytologic abnormality which significantly increased by 3.37, 6.65 and 2 folds, respectively, in cytologic HSIL comparing with NILM. A significant increase in methylation levels of these three genes was also observed in histologic HSIL+ compared with negative histology but only CADM1 showed a significant higher methylation level than histologic LSIL. Using the ROC curve analysis, DNA methylation levels of FAM19A4 performed best in differentiating high-grade cytology (ASC-H+ from NILM/ASC-US/LSIL), followed by CADM1 and MAL. Whilst the CADM1 methylation performed best in distinguishing histologic HSIL+ from negative/LSIL with an area under the ROC curve of 0.684, followed by MAL (0.663) and FAM19A4 (0.642). Interestingly, after combining high DNA methylation levels to HPV16/18 genotypes, rates of histologic HSIL+ detection were substantially increased from 25% to 79.55% for CADM1, 77.27% for FAM19A4, and 72.73% for MAL, respectively. The rate further increased up to 95.45% when at least one of three genes had a high methylation level. This suggests a possible role of genomic DNA methylation, especially CADM1, in detecting histologic HSIL+ lesions in combination with hrHPV testing.
Collapse
|
20
|
Bu Q, Wang S, Ma J, Zhou X, Hu G, Deng H, Sun X, Hong X, Wu H, Zhang L, Luo X. The clinical significance of FAM19A4 methylation in high-risk HPV-positive cervical samples for the detection of cervical (pre)cancer in Chinese women. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:1182. [PMID: 30486875 PMCID: PMC6263049 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4877-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background To explore the diagnostic value of FAM19A4 methylation in high-risk human papilloma virus (hrHPV)-positive cervical samples from Chinese women for estimating cervical cancer or its precancerous lesions. Methods Cervical samples from 215 women infected with high-risk HPV were collected by smear testing. We purposely chose 61 patients with cervical cancer, 57 with high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (HSIL), 31 with low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesions (LSIL), and 66 without cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) after histological confirmation. Taqman probe-based quantitative PCR (qPCR) was utilized to detect the methylation status of FAM19A4 in the cervical samples and further evaluate the use of this gene in the diagnosis of cervical cancer. Results (1) An increasing level of FAM19A4 methylation was detected with increasing progression of cervical lesions, with methylation rates of 10.61%(7/66), 35.48%(11/31), 56.14%(32/57) and 93.44%(57/61) in no CIN, LSIL, HSIL and cervical carcinoma samples respectively. (2) In all hrHPV-positive samples, the levels of FAM19A4 methylation in HPV16/18 groups were higher than that in 12 other hrHPV groups (P < 0.05), but there was no significant difference between two groups after grouping cervical lesions into cervical cancer, HSIL, LSIL and no CIN groups (P>0.05). (3)There were no significant differences of FAM19A4 methylation in different clinicopathological parameters of cervical cancer. (4) Though the sensitivity of FAM19A4 methylation test was inferior to that of cytology and FAM19A4 combining with HPV16/18 genotyping, but showed the best specificity with 81.44% both for detection HSIL alone and ≥ HSIL, with favorable youden index (YI) and area under curve (AUC). Conclusion FAM19A4 is a specific biomarker of cancerous lesions of the cervix. FAM19A4 methylation analysis may serve as an auxiliary screening method for diagnosis of cervical (pre)cancer. However, in consideration of the limitations of this retrospective study, prospective population-based studies are necessary for further confirmation of the diagnostic value of FAM19A4 methylation for detection of cervical (pre)cancer in Chinese women. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12885-018-4877-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qiaowen Bu
- Department of Gynecology, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, 521 Xing Nan Road, Guangzhou, 511400, Guangdong Province, China.,Guangdong Women and Children Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sanfeng Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, 521 Xing Nan Road, Guangzhou, 511400, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jian Ma
- Translational medicine center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, 521 Xing Nan Road, Guangzhou, 511400, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiangcheng Zhou
- Translational medicine center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, 521 Xing Nan Road, Guangzhou, 511400, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Guiying Hu
- Department of Gynecology, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, 521 Xing Nan Road, Guangzhou, 511400, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hua Deng
- Translational medicine center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, 521 Xing Nan Road, Guangzhou, 511400, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiaoli Sun
- Department of Gynecology, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, 521 Xing Nan Road, Guangzhou, 511400, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Xiaoshan Hong
- Department of Gynecology, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, 521 Xing Nan Road, Guangzhou, 511400, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Hengying Wu
- Department of Gynecology, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, 521 Xing Nan Road, Guangzhou, 511400, Guangdong Province, China
| | - Liang Zhang
- Translational medicine center, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, 521 Xing Nan Road, Guangzhou, 511400, Guangdong Province, China.
| | - Xiping Luo
- Department of Gynecology, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, 521 Xing Nan Road, Guangzhou, 511400, Guangdong Province, China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Verlaat W, Van Leeuwen RW, Novianti PW, Schuuring E, Meijer CJLM, Van Der Zee AGJ, Snijders PJF, Heideman DAM, Steenbergen RDM, Wisman GBA. Host-cell DNA methylation patterns during high-risk HPV-induced carcinogenesis reveal a heterogeneous nature of cervical pre-cancer. Epigenetics 2018; 13:769-778. [PMID: 30079796 PMCID: PMC6224221 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2018.1507197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer development following a persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV) is driven by additional host-cell changes, such as altered DNA methylation. In previous studies, we have identified 12 methylated host genes associated with cervical cancer and pre-cancer (CIN2/3). This study systematically analyzed the onset and DNA methylation pattern of these genes during hrHPV-induced carcinogenesis using a longitudinal in vitro model of hrHPV-transformed cell lines (n = 14) and hrHPV-positive cervical scrapings (n = 113) covering various stages of cervical carcinogenesis. DNA methylation analysis was performed by quantitative methylation-specific PCR (qMSP) and relative qMSP values were used to analyze the data. The majority of genes displayed a comparable DNA methylation pattern in both cell lines and clinical specimens. DNA methylation onset occurred at early or late immortal passage, and DNA methylation levels gradually increased towards tumorigenic cells. Subsequently, we defined a so-called cancer-like methylation-high pattern based on the DNA methylation levels observed in cervical scrapings from women with cervical cancer. This cancer-like methylation-high pattern was observed in 72% (38/53) of CIN3 and 55% (11/20) of CIN2, whereas it was virtually absent in hrHPV-positive controls (1/26). In conclusion, hrHPV-induced carcinogenesis is characterized by early onset of DNA methylation, typically occurring at the pre-tumorigenic stage and with highest DNA methylation levels at the cancer stage. Host-cell DNA methylation patterns in cervical scrapings from women with CIN2 and CIN3 are heterogeneous, with a subset displaying a cancer-like methylation-high pattern, suggestive for a higher cancer risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wina Verlaat
- a Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Pathology , Cancer Center Amsterdam , Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Robert W Van Leeuwen
- b Department of Gynecologic Oncology , University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Cancer Research Center Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Putri W Novianti
- a Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Pathology , Cancer Center Amsterdam , Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Ed Schuuring
- c Department of Pathology , University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Cancer Research Center Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Chris J L M Meijer
- a Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Pathology , Cancer Center Amsterdam , Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Ate G J Van Der Zee
- b Department of Gynecologic Oncology , University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Cancer Research Center Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands
| | - Peter J F Snijders
- a Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Pathology , Cancer Center Amsterdam , Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Daniëlle A M Heideman
- a Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Pathology , Cancer Center Amsterdam , Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - Renske D M Steenbergen
- a Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Department of Pathology , Cancer Center Amsterdam , Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | - G Bea A Wisman
- b Department of Gynecologic Oncology , University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Cancer Research Center Groningen , Groningen , The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
Denard B, Jiang S, Peng Y, Ye J. CREB3L1 as a potential biomarker predicting response of triple negative breast cancer to doxorubicin-based chemotherapy. BMC Cancer 2018; 18:813. [PMID: 30103710 PMCID: PMC6090630 DOI: 10.1186/s12885-018-4724-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Doxorubicin-based chemotherapy is currently the most frequently used treatment for triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), yet the response rate is not high due to the lack of a biomarker allowing identification of responsive patients before the chemotherapy is initiated. We have demonstrated that doxorubicin inhibits proliferation of cancer cells through proteolytic activation of a transcription factor called CREB3L1 (cAMP response element binding protein 3-like 1), and that CREB3L1 expression in cancer cells is a key determinant of their sensitivity to doxorubicin when they are cultured in vitro or established as xenograft tumors in mice. The purpose of this study is to determine whether CREB3L1 expression in tumor cells of TNBC patients can be established as a biomarker to predict outcomes of doxorubicin-based chemotherapy. METHODS We performed a retrospective analysis on breast core biopsy tissue samples taken from 18 TNBC patients before they were treated with doxorubicin-based chemotherapy. CREB3L1 expression in the cancer cells was analyzed by immunohistochemistry and quantified using the Immunoreactive Score (IRS). Outcomes of the chemotherapy were measured by the residual cancer burden (RCB) system. RESULTS CREB3L1 expression levels in TNBC responsive to doxorubicin-based chemotherapy (RCB class 0-2) were significantly higher than that in resistant cancers (RCB class 3) (unpaired two-tailed t test, p = 0.0005; Statistical power 99.8 at 95% confidence level). All cancers expressing higher levels of CREB3L1 (IRS 4-12) responded to doxorubicin-based chemotherapy, whereas all cancers resisting the treatment expressed lower levels of CREB3L1 (IRS 0-3). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that CREB3L1 expression level may be used as a biomarker to identify TNBC patients who are more likely to benefit from doxorubicin-based chemotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bray Denard
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390-9046 USA
| | - Sharon Jiang
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390-9041 USA
| | - Yan Peng
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390-9073 USA
| | - Jin Ye
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd., Dallas, TX 75390-9046 USA
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
High-Risk Human Papillomaviral Oncogenes E6 and E7 Target Key Cellular Pathways to Achieve Oncogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19061706. [PMID: 29890655 PMCID: PMC6032416 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19061706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) has been linked to several human cancers, the most prominent of which is cervical cancer. The integration of the viral genome into the host genome is one of the manners in which the viral oncogenes E6 and E7 achieve persistent expression. The most well-studied cellular targets of the viral oncogenes E6 and E7 are p53 and pRb, respectively. However, recent research has demonstrated the ability of these two viral factors to target many more cellular factors, including proteins which regulate epigenetic marks and splicing changes in the cell. These have the ability to exert a global change, which eventually culminates to uncontrolled proliferation and carcinogenesis.
Collapse
|
24
|
De Strooper LMA, Berkhof J, Steenbergen RDM, Lissenberg-Witte BI, Snijders PJF, Meijer CJLM, Heideman DAM. Cervical cancer risk in HPV-positive women after a negative FAM19A4/mir124-2 methylation test: A post hoc analysis in the POBASCAM trial with 14 year follow-up. Int J Cancer 2018; 143:1541-1548. [PMID: 29663363 PMCID: PMC6099282 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.31539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2017] [Revised: 02/14/2018] [Accepted: 03/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
DNA methylation analysis of cervical scrapes using FAM19A4 and mir124‐2 genes has shown a good clinical performance in detecting cervical cancer and advanced CIN lesions in need of treatment in HPV‐positive women. To date, longitudinal data on the cancer risk of methylation test‐negative women are lacking. In our study, we assessed the longitudinal outcome of FAM19A4/mir124‐2 methylation analysis in an HPV‐positive screening cohort with 14 years of follow‐up. Archived HPV‐positive cervical scrapes of 1,040 women (age 29–61 years), who were enrolled in the POBASCAM screening trial (ISRCTN20781131) were tested for FAM19A4/mir124‐2 methylation. By linkage with the nationwide network and registry of histo‐ and cytopathology in the Netherlands (PALGA), 35 cervical cancers were identified during 14 years of follow‐up comprising three screens (baseline, and after 5 and 10 years). The baseline scrape of 36.1% (n = 375) women tested positive for FAM19A4/mir124‐2 methylation, including 24 women with cervical cancer in follow‐up, and 30.6% (n = 318) had abnormal cytology (threshold borderline dyskaryosis or ASCUS), including 14 women with cervical cancer in follow‐up. Within screening round capability of FAM19A4/mir124‐2 methylation to detect cervical cancer was 100% (11/11, 95% CI: 71.5–100). Kaplan–Meier estimate of 14‐year cumulative cervical cancer incidence was 1.7% (95% CI: 0.66–3.0) among baseline methylation‐negative and 2.4% (95% CI: 1.4–3.6) among baseline cytology‐negative women (risk difference: 0.71% [95% CI: 0.16–1.4]). In conclusion, a negative FAM19A4/mir124‐2 methylation test provides a low cervical cancer risk in HPV‐positive women of 30 years and older. FAM19A4/mir124‐2 methylation testing merits consideration as an objective triage test in HPV‐based cervical screening programs. What's new? While HPV testing is increasingly being used for cervical‐cancer screening, there is a problem with this approach: Most HPV infections won't progress to (pre)malignant disease, which results in a significant number of unnecessary colposcopy referrals and over‐diagnoses. A better triage test is needed to discern which HPV+ women have clinically relevant disease. In this longitudinal study, the authors found that a methylation test may provide adequate predictive power. Low cervical‐cancer incidence after a negative FAM19A4/mir124‐2 methylation test among HPV+ women supports use of this methylation assay as safe, objective triage tool.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lise M A De Strooper
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes Berkhof
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Renske D M Steenbergen
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Birgit I Lissenberg-Witte
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter J F Snijders
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Chris J L M Meijer
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Daniëlle A M Heideman
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
The Progress of Methylation Regulation in Gene Expression of Cervical Cancer. Int J Genomics 2018; 2018:8260652. [PMID: 29850477 PMCID: PMC5926518 DOI: 10.1155/2018/8260652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 03/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cervical cancer is one of the most common gynecological tumors in females, which is closely related to high-rate HPV infection. Methylation alteration is a type of epigenetic decoration that regulates the expression of genes without changing the DNA sequence, and it is essential for the progression of cervical cancer in pathogenesis while reflecting the prognosis and therapeutic sensitivity in clinical practice. Hydroxymethylation has been discovered in recent years, thus making 5-hmC, the more stable marker, attract more attention in the field of methylation research. As markers of methylation, 5-hmC and 5-mC together with 5-foC and 5-caC draw the outline of the reversible cycle, and 6-mA takes part in the methylation of RNA, especially mRNA. Furthermore, methylation modification participates in ncRNA regulation and histone decoration. In this review, we focus on recent advances in the understanding of methylation regulation in the process of cervical cancer, as well as HPV and CIN, to identify the significant impact on the prospect of overcoming cervical cancer.
Collapse
|
26
|
Sanford T, Meng MV, Railkar R, Agarwal PK, Porten SP. Integrative analysis of the epigenetic basis of muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma. Clin Epigenetics 2018; 10:19. [PMID: 29456764 PMCID: PMC5809922 DOI: 10.1186/s13148-018-0451-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2017] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Elucidation of epigenetic alterations in bladder cancer will lead to further understanding of the biology of the disease and hopefully improved therapies. Our aim was to perform an integrative epigenetic analysis of invasive urothelial carcinoma of the bladder to identify the epigenetic abnormalities involved in the development and progression of this cancer. Methods Pre-processed methylation data and RNA-seq data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and processed using the R package TCGA-Assembler. An R package MethylMix was used to perform an analysis incorporating both methylation and gene expression data on all samples, as well as a subset analysis comparing patients surviving less than 2 years and patients surviving more than 2 years. Genes associated with poor prognosis were individually queried. Pathway analysis was performed on statistically significant genes identified by MethylMix criteria using ConsensusPathDB. Validation was performed using flow cytometry on bladder cancer cell lines. Results A total of 408 patients met all inclusion criteria. There were a total of 240 genes differentially methylated by MethylMix criteria. Review of individual genes specific to poor-prognosis patients revealed the majority to be candidate tumor suppressors in other cancer types. Pathway analysis showed increase in methylation of genes involved in antioxidant pathways including glutathione and NRF2. Genes involved in estrogen metabolism were also hypermethylated while genes involved in the EGFR pathway were found to be hypomethylated. EGFR expression was confirmed to be elevated in six bladder cancer cell lines. Conclusions In patients with invasive urothelial carcinoma, we found differential methylation in patients with better and worse prognosis after cystectomy. Differentially methylated genes are involved in many relevant oncologic pathways, including EGFR and antioxidant pathways, that may be a target for therapy or chemoprevention.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Sanford
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Building 10—Hatfield CRC, Room 2-5952, Bethesda, MD 20892-1210 USA
| | - Maxwell V. Meng
- Department of Urology, University of California, Mail code 1695, 550 16th Street, 6th Floor, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
| | - Reema Railkar
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Building 10—Hatfield CRC, Room 2-5952, Bethesda, MD 20892-1210 USA
| | - Piyush K. Agarwal
- Urologic Oncology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Building 10—Hatfield CRC, Room 2-5952, Bethesda, MD 20892-1210 USA
| | - Sima P. Porten
- Department of Urology, University of California, Mail code 1695, 550 16th Street, 6th Floor, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Soozangar N, Sadeghi MR, Jeddi F, Somi MH, Shirmohamadi M, Samadi N. Comparison of genome‐wide analysis techniques to DNA methylation analysis in human cancer. J Cell Physiol 2017; 233:3968-3981. [DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 08/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Narges Soozangar
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences,Tabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
- Molecular Medicine Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Mohammad R. Sadeghi
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences,Tabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Farhad Jeddi
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences,Tabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Mohammad H. Somi
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences,Tabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Masoud Shirmohamadi
- Liver and Gastrointestinal Diseases Research CenterTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| | - Nasser Samadi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Advanced Medical Sciences,Tabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of MedicineTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Genome-wide DNA Methylation Profiling Reveals Methylation Markers Associated with 3q Gain for Detection of Cervical Precancer and Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2017; 23:3813-3822. [DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-16-2641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Revised: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
29
|
Luttmer R, De Strooper LMA, Steenbergen RDM, Berkhof J, Snijders PJF, Heideman DAM, Meijer CJLM. Management of high-risk HPV-positive women for detection of cervical (pre)cancer. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2016; 16:961-74. [PMID: 27459506 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2016.1217157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Primary HPV-testing has been shown to provide a superior detection of women at risk of cervical (pre)cancer compared to cytology-based screening. However, as most high-risk HPV infections are harmless, additional triage testing of HPV-positive women is necessary to identify those with cervical (pre)cancer. In this paper, we compare the performance, advantages and limitations of clinically relevant available triage strategies for HPV-positive women. AREAS COVERED Many different colposcopy triage strategies, comprising both microscopy-based and molecular (virus/host-related) markers, have been suggested: Pap cytology, p16/Ki-67 dual-stained cytology, HPV16/18 genotyping, viral DNA methylation and host cell DNA methylation. Literature search was limited to triage strategies that have achieved at least phase 2 of the five-phase framework for biomarker development and studies including large cohorts (≥100 hrHPV-positive women). Triage markers were stratified by sample type (cervical scrape, self-collected sample) and by study population (screening, non-attendee, referral). Expert commentary: At present, repeat Pap cytology and Pap cytology combined with HPV16/18 genotyping are the only triage strategies that have been robustly shown to be ready for implementation. Other strategies such as p16/Ki-67 dual-stained cytology and host cell DNA methylation analysis, with or without additional HPV16/18 genotyping, are attractive options for the near future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roosmarijn Luttmer
- a Department of Pathology , VU University Medical Center , Amsterdam , the Netherlands.,b Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology , Diakonessenhuis , Utrecht , the Netherlands
| | - Lise M A De Strooper
- a Department of Pathology , VU University Medical Center , Amsterdam , the Netherlands
| | | | - Johannes Berkhof
- c Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics , VU University Medical Center , Amsterdam , the Netherlands
| | - Peter J F Snijders
- a Department of Pathology , VU University Medical Center , Amsterdam , the Netherlands
| | - Daniëlle A M Heideman
- a Department of Pathology , VU University Medical Center , Amsterdam , the Netherlands
| | - Chris J L M Meijer
- a Department of Pathology , VU University Medical Center , Amsterdam , the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Hubers AJ, Heideman DAM, Duin S, Witte BI, de Koning HJ, Groen HJM, Prinsen CFM, Bolijn AS, Wouters M, van der Meer SE, Steenbergen RDM, Snijders PJF, Uyterlinde A, Berkhof H, Smit EF, Thunnissen E. DNA hypermethylation analysis in sputum of asymptomatic subjects at risk for lung cancer participating in the NELSON trial: argument for maximum screening interval of 2 years. J Clin Pathol 2016; 70:250-254. [PMID: 27496969 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2016-203734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2016] [Revised: 06/29/2016] [Accepted: 07/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Lung cancer is the major contributor to cancer mortality due to metastasised disease at time of presentation. The current study investigated DNA hypermethylation of biomarkers RASSF1A, APC, cytoglobin, 3OST2, FAM19A4, PHACTR3 and PRDM14 in sputum of asymptomatic high-risk individuals from the NELSON lung cancer low-dose spiral CT screening trial to detect lung cancer at preclinical stage. METHODS Subjects were selected with (i) lung cancer in follow-up (cases; n=65), (ii) minor cytological aberrations (controls; n=120) and (iii) a random selection of subjects without cytological aberrations (controls; n=99). Median follow-up time for controls was 80 months. Cut-off values were based on high specificity to assess diagnostic value of the biomarkers. RESULTS RASSF1A may denote presence of invasive cancer because of its high specificity (93% (95% CI 89% to 96%); sensitivity 17% (95% CI 4% to 31%), with best performance in a screening interval of 2 years. The panel of RASSF1A, 3OST2 and PRDM14 detected 28% (95% CI 11% to 44%) of lung cancer cases within 2 years, with specificity of 90% (95% CI 86% to 94%). Sputum cytology did not detect any lung cancers. CONCLUSIONS In a lung cancer screening setting with maximum screening interval of 2 years, DNA hypermethylation analysis in sputum may play a role in the detection of preclinical disease, but complementary diagnostic markers are needed to improve sensitivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Jasmijn Hubers
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Sylvia Duin
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Birgit I Witte
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Harry J de Koning
- Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Harry J M Groen
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Clemens F M Prinsen
- Department of Pathology, Canisius-Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Anne S Bolijn
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.,Department of Pathology, Canisius-Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Mandy Wouters
- Department of Pathology, Canisius-Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Peter J F Snijders
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anne Uyterlinde
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Hans Berkhof
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Egbert F Smit
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erik Thunnissen
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
31
|
Luttmer R, De Strooper LMA, Dijkstra MG, Berkhof J, Snijders PJF, Steenbergen RDM, van Kemenade FJ, Rozendaal L, Helmerhorst TJM, Verheijen RHM, Ter Harmsel WA, van Baal WM, Graziosi PGCM, Quint WGV, Spruijt JWM, van Dijken DKE, Heideman DAM, Meijer CJLM. FAM19A4 methylation analysis in self-samples compared with cervical scrapes for detecting cervical (pre)cancer in HPV-positive women. Br J Cancer 2016; 115:579-87. [PMID: 27415009 PMCID: PMC4997542 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2016.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2016] [Revised: 05/31/2016] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV)-positive women require triage to identify those with cervical high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia and cancer (⩾CIN3 (cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3)). FAM19A4 methylation analysis, which detects advanced CIN and cancer, is applicable to different sample types. However, studies comparing the performance of FAM19A4 methylation analysis in hrHPV-positive self-samples and paired physician-taken scrapes are lacking. METHODS We compared the performance of FAM19A4 methylation analysis (and/or HPV16/18 genotyping) in self-samples and paired physician-taken scrapes for ⩾CIN3 detection in hrHPV-positive women (n=450,18-66 years). RESULTS Overall FAM19A4 methylation levels between sample types were significantly correlated, with strongest correlation in women with ⩾CIN3 (Spearman's ρ 0.697, P<0.001). The performance of FAM19A4 methylation analysis and/or HPV16/18 genotyping did not differ significantly between sample types. In women ⩾30 years, ⩾CIN3 sensitivity of FAM19A4 methylation analysis was 78.4% in self-samples and 88.2% in scrapes (ratio 0.89; CI: 0.75-1.05). In women <30 years, ⩾CIN3 sensitivities were 37.5% and 45.8%, respectively (ratio 0.82; CI: 0.55-1.21). In both groups, ⩾CIN3 specificity of FAM19A4 methylation analysis was significantly higher in self-samples compared with scrapes. CONCLUSIONS FAM19A4 methylation analysis in hrHPV-positive self-samples had a slightly lower sensitivity and a higher specificity for ⩾CIN3 compared with paired physician-taken scrapes. With a similarly good clinical performance in both sample types, combined FAM19A4 methylation analysis and HPV16/18 genotyping provides a feasible triage strategy for hrHPV-positive women, with direct applicability on self-samples.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roosmarijn Luttmer
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lise M A De Strooper
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maaike G Dijkstra
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes Berkhof
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter J F Snijders
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Renske D M Steenbergen
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Folkert J van Kemenade
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus Medical Center, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lawrence Rozendaal
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Theo J M Helmerhorst
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, 's-Gravendijkwal 230, 3015 CE Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - René H M Verheijen
- UMC Utrecht Cancer Center, Heidelberglaan 100, 3584 CX Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - W Marchien van Baal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Flevo Hospital, Hospitaalweg 1, 1315 RA Almere, The Netherlands
| | - Peppino G C M Graziosi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Sint Antonius Hospital, Koekoekslaan 1, 3435 CM Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - Wim G V Quint
- DDL Diagnostic Laboratory, Visseringlaan 25, 2288 ER Rijswijk, The Netherlands
| | - Johan W M Spruijt
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Dorenda K E van Dijken
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Onze Lieve Vrouwe Gasthuis West, Oosterpark 9, 1091 AC Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Daniëlle A M Heideman
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Chris J L M Meijer
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Carofino BL, Ayanga B, Tracey LJ, Brooke-Bisschop T, Justice MJ. PRDM14 promotes RAG-dependent Notch1 driver mutations in mouse T-ALL. Biol Open 2016; 5:645-53. [PMID: 27106930 PMCID: PMC4874358 DOI: 10.1242/bio.017699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
PRDM14 is an epigenetic regulator known for maintaining embryonic stem cell identity and resetting potency in primordial germ cells. However, hematopoietic expression of Prdm14 at supraphysiological levels results in fully penetrant and rapid-onset T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) in the mouse. Here, we show that PRDM14-induced T-ALLs are driven by NOTCH1, a frequently mutated driver of human T-ALL. Notch1 is activated in this murine model via RAG-dependent promoter deletions and subsequent production of truncated, ligand-independent protein from downstream regions of the Notch1 locus. These T-ALLs also have focal changes in H3K4me3 deposition at the Notch1 locus and global increases in both H3K4me1 and H3K4me3. Using a PRDM14-FLAG mouse model, we show that PRDM14 binds within an intron of Notch1 prior to leukemia development. Our data support the idea that PRDM14 binding promotes a chromatin state that allows access of the RAG recombinase complex to cryptic RAG signal sequences embedded at the Notch1 locus. Indeed, breeding into a RAG recombination-deficient background abrogates T-ALL development and prevents Notch1 deletions, while allowing for transient hematopoietic stem cell (HSC)-like pre-leukemia cell expansion. Together, our data suggest that PRDM14 expands a progenitor cell population while promoting a permissive epigenetic state for the creation of driver mutations (here, in Notch1), enabling cancer development through the misappropriation of endogenous cellular DNA recombination machinery. Summary: PRDM14 promotes an epigenetic state that facilitates RAG-dependent Notch1 driver mutations, coupling progenitor cell expansion with genomic instability to produce T-ALL with shorter latency than other NOTCH1-driven mouse models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brandi L Carofino
- Interdepartmental Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030 USA Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030 USA
| | - Bernard Ayanga
- Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030 USA
| | - Lauren J Tracey
- Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8 Canada Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, The Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 0A4 Canada
| | - Travis Brooke-Bisschop
- Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, The Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 0A4 Canada
| | - Monica J Justice
- Interdepartmental Program in Translational Biology and Molecular Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030 USA Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, 77030 USA Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 1A8 Canada Genetics and Genome Biology, The Hospital for Sick Children, The Peter Gilgan Centre for Research and Learning, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 0A4 Canada
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
De Strooper LMA, Verhoef VMJ, Berkhof J, Hesselink AT, de Bruin HME, van Kemenade FJ, Bosgraaf RP, Bekkers RLM, Massuger LFAG, Melchers WJG, Steenbergen RDM, Snijders PJF, Meijer CJLM, Heideman DAM. Validation of the FAM19A4/mir124-2 DNA methylation test for both lavage- and brush-based self-samples to detect cervical (pre)cancer in HPV-positive women. Gynecol Oncol 2016; 141:341-347. [PMID: 26921784 PMCID: PMC4851217 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygyno.2016.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2015] [Revised: 02/09/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Objectives DNA methylation analysis of cancer-related genes is a promising tool for HPV-positive women to identify those with cervical (pre)cancer (CIN3+) in need of treatment. However, clinical performance of methylation markers can be influenced by the sample type utilized. We describe a multiplex quantitative methylation-specific PCR that targets FAM19A4 and mir124-2 loci, to detect CIN3+ using both HPV-positive lavage- and brush self-samples. Methods We determined methylation thresholds for clinical classification using HPV-positive training sets comprising lavage self-samples of 182 women (including 40 with CIN3+) and brush self-samples of 224 women (including 61 with CIN3+). Subsequently, independent HPV-positive validation sets of 389 lavage self-samples (including 78 with CIN3+), and 254 brush self-samples (including 72 with CIN3+) were tested using the preset thresholds. Furthermore, the clinical performance of combined methylation analysis and HPV16/18 genotyping was determined. Results Training set analysis revealed similar FAM19A4 and mir124-2 thresholds for both self-sample types to yield highest CIN3+ sensitivity at 70% specificity. Validation set analysis resulted in a CIN3+ sensitivity of 70.5% (95%CI: 60.4–80.6) at a specificity of 67.8% (95%CI: 62.7–73.0) for lavage self-samples, and a CIN3+ sensitivity of 69.4% (95%CI: 58.8–80.1) at a 76.4% (95%CI: 70.2–82.6) specificity for brush self-samples. In combination with HPV16/18 genotyping, CIN3+ sensitivity and specificity were 88.5% (95%CI: 81.4–95.6) and 46.0% (95%CI: 40.4–51.5) for lavage self-samples, and 84.7% (95%CI: 76.4–93.0) and 54.9% (95%CI: 47.7–62.2) for brush self-samples. Conclusions FAM19A4/mir124-2 methylation analysis performs equally well in HPV-positive lavage- and brush self-samples to identify women with CIN3+. In combination with HPV16/18 genotyping, significantly higher CIN3+ sensitivities are obtained, at decreased specificity. FAM19A4/mir124-2 triage of HPV-positive self-samples is a feasible and promising tool FAM19A4/mir124-2 analysis identifies HPV-positive women at risk of cervical cancer. FAM19A4/mir124-2 analysis performs equally well in lavage and brush self-samples. Further validation of HPV self-sampling with FAM19A4/mir124-2 triage is warranted
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lise M A De Strooper
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Viola M J Verhoef
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Johannes Berkhof
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | | | - Helena M E de Bruin
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Folkert J van Kemenade
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Remko P Bosgraaf
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Ruud L M Bekkers
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Leon F A G Massuger
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | - Willem J G Melchers
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
| | | | - Peter J F Snijders
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Chris J L M Meijer
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | | |
Collapse
|
34
|
Minarovits J, Demcsák A, Banati F, Niller HH. Epigenetic Dysregulation in Virus-Associated Neoplasms. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2015; 879:71-90. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-24738-0_4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
|
35
|
Dmitriev AA, Rosenberg EE, Krasnov GS, Gerashchenko GV, Gordiyuk VV, Pavlova TV, Kudryavtseva AV, Beniaminov AD, Belova AA, Bondarenko YN, Danilets RO, Glukhov AI, Kondratov AG, Alexeyenko A, Alekseev BY, Klein G, Senchenko VN, Kashuba VI. Identification of Novel Epigenetic Markers of Prostate Cancer by NotI-Microarray Analysis. DISEASE MARKERS 2015; 2015:241301. [PMID: 26491211 PMCID: PMC4602334 DOI: 10.1155/2015/241301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2015] [Revised: 07/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A significant need for reliable and accurate cancer diagnostics and prognosis compels the search for novel biomarkers that would be able to discriminate between indolent and aggressive tumors at the early stages of disease. The aim of this work was identification of potential diagnostic biomarkers for characterization of different types of prostate tumors. NotI-microarrays with 180 clones associated with chromosome 3 genes/loci were applied to determine genetic and epigenetic alterations in 33 prostate tumors. For 88 clones, aberrations were detected in more than 10% of tumors. The major types of alterations were DNA methylation and/or deletions. Frequent methylation of the discovered loci was confirmed by bisulfite sequencing on selective sampling of genes: FGF12, GATA2, and LMCD1. Three genes (BHLHE40, BCL6, and ITGA9) were tested for expression level alterations using qPCR, and downregulation associated with hypermethylation was shown in the majority of tumors. Based on these data, we proposed the set of potential biomarkers for detection of prostate cancer and discrimination between prostate tumors with different malignancy and aggressiveness: BHLHE40, FOXP1, LOC285205, ITGA9, CTDSPL, FGF12, LOC440944/SETD5, VHL, CLCN2, OSBPL10/ZNF860, LMCD1, FAM19A4, CAND2, MAP4, KY, and LRRC58. Moreover, we probabilistically estimated putative functional relations between the genes within each set using the network enrichment analysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexey A. Dmitriev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
- P.A. Herzen Moscow Cancer Research Institute, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow 125284, Russia
| | - Eugenia E. Rosenberg
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev 03680, Ukraine
| | - George S. Krasnov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Ganna V. Gerashchenko
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev 03680, Ukraine
| | - Vasily V. Gordiyuk
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev 03680, Ukraine
| | - Tatiana V. Pavlova
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna V. Kudryavtseva
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Artemy D. Beniaminov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Anastasia A. Belova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Yuriy N. Bondarenko
- Institute of Urology, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev 04053, Ukraine
| | - Rostislav O. Danilets
- Institute of Urology, National Academy of Medical Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev 04053, Ukraine
| | - Alexander I. Glukhov
- Department of Molecular Biology, Kurchatov NBIC Centre NRC “Kurchatov Institute”, Moscow 123182, Russia
| | - Aleksandr G. Kondratov
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev 03680, Ukraine
| | - Andrey Alexeyenko
- Bioinformatics Infrastructure for Life Sciences, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institute, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Boris Y. Alekseev
- P.A. Herzen Moscow Cancer Research Institute, Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Moscow 125284, Russia
| | - George Klein
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vera N. Senchenko
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Vladimir I. Kashuba
- Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kiev 03680, Ukraine
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institute, 17177 Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Luttmer R, De Strooper LMA, Berkhof J, Snijders PJF, Dijkstra MG, Uijterwaal MH, Steenbergen RDM, van Kemenade FJ, Rozendaal L, Helmerhorst TJM, Verheijen RHM, Ter Harmsel WA, Van Baal WM, Graziosi PGCM, Quint WGV, Heideman DAM, Meijer CJLM. Comparing the performance of FAM19A4 methylation analysis, cytology and HPV16/18 genotyping for the detection of cervical (pre)cancer in high-risk HPV-positive women of a gynecologic outpatient population (COMETH study). Int J Cancer 2015; 138:992-1002. [PMID: 26317579 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.29824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/14/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Recently, DNA methylation analysis of FAM19A4 in cervical scrapes has been shown to adequately detect high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia and cervical cancer (≥ CIN3) in high-risk HPV (hrHPV)-positive women. Here, we compared the clinical performance of FAM19A4 methylation analysis to cytology and HPV16/18 genotyping, separately and in combination, for ≥ CIN3 detection in hrHPV-positive women participating in a prospective observational multi-center cohort study. The study population comprised hrHPV-positive women aged 18-66 years, visiting a gynecological outpatient clinic. From these women, cervical scrapes and colposcopy-directed biopsies (for histological confirmation) were obtained. Cervical scrapes were analyzed for FAM19A4 gene promoter methylation, cytology and HPV16/18 genotyping. Methylation analysis was performed by quantitative methylation-specific PCR (qMSP). Sensitivities and specificities for ≥ CIN3 were compared between tests. Stratified analyses were performed for variables that potentially influence marker performance. Of all 508 hrHPV-positive women, the sensitivities for ≥ CIN3 of cytology, FAM19A4 methylation analysis, and cytology combined with HPV16/18 genotyping were 85.6, 75.6 and 92.2%, respectively, with corresponding specificities of 49.8, 71.1 and 29.4%, respectively. Both sensitivity and specificity of FAM19A4 methylation analysis were associated with age (p ≤ 0.001 each). In women ≥ 30 years (n = 287), ≥ CIN3 sensitivity of FAM19A4 methylation analysis was 88.3% (95%CI: 80.2-96.5) which was noninferior to that of cytology [85.5% (95%CI: 76.0-94.0)], at a significantly higher specificity [62.1% (95%CI: 55.8-68.4) compared to 47.6% (95%CI: 41.1-54.1)]. In conclusion, among hrHPV-positive women from an outpatient population aged ≥ 30 years, methylation analysis of FAM19A4 is an attractive marker for the identification of women with ≥ CIN3.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roosmarijn Luttmer
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Lise M A De Strooper
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Johannes Berkhof
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter J F Snijders
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Maaike G Dijkstra
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Margot H Uijterwaal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Flevo Hospital, Almere, The Netherlands
| | | | | | - Lawrence Rozendaal
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Theo J M Helmerhorst
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Rene H M Verheijen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - W Marchien Van Baal
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Flevo Hospital, Almere, The Netherlands
| | - Peppino G C M Graziosi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sint Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - Wim G V Quint
- DDL Diagnostic Laboratory, Rijswijk, The Netherlands
| | | | - Chris J L M Meijer
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
37
|
Rose M, Schubert C, Dierichs L, Gaisa NT, Heer M, Heidenreich A, Knüchel R, Dahl E. OASIS/CREB3L1 is epigenetically silenced in human bladder cancer facilitating tumor cell spreading and migration in vitro. Epigenetics 2015; 9:1626-40. [PMID: 25625847 DOI: 10.4161/15592294.2014.988052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
CREB3L1 has been recently proposed as a novel metastasis suppressor gene in breast cancer. Our current study highlights CREB3L1 expression, regulation, and function in bladder cancer. We demonstrate a significant downregulation of CREB3L1 mRNA expression (n = 64) in primary bladder cancer tissues caused by tumor-specific CREB3L1 promoter hypermethylation (n = 51). Based on pyrosequencing CREB3L1 methylation was shown to be potentially associated with a more aggressive phenotype of bladder cancer. These findings were verified by an independent public data set containing data from 184 bladder tumors. In addition, immunohistochemical evaluation showed that CREB3L1 protein expression is decreased in bladder cancer tissues as well. Interestingly, protein loss is predominately observed in the nuclei of aggressive tumor cells. Based on in vitro models we clearly show that CREB3L1 re-expression mediates suppression of tumor cell migration and colony growth of high grade and invasive bladder cancer cells. The candidate tumor suppressor and TGF-β signaling inhibitor HTRA3 was furthermore identified as putative target gene of CREB3L1 in both invasive J82 bladder cells and primary bladder tumors. Hence, our data provide for the first time evidence that the transcription factor CREB3L1 may have an important role as a putative tumor suppressor in bladder cancer.
Collapse
Key Words
- ATCC, American Type Culture Collection
- BMP-2, bone morphogenetic protein 2
- CA, California
- CIS, Carcinoma in situ
- CREB3L1, element binding protein 3-like 1
- DAB, 3-3′ diaminobenzidine
- DAC, 5-aza-2′-deoxycytidine
- DNA, desoxyribonucleic acid
- EK, ethics committee
- ER, endoplasmic reticulum
- FC, fold change
- FFPE, formalin fixed paraffin embedded
- G1, well differentiated
- G2, moderately differentiated
- G3, poorly differentiated
- GAPDH, glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase
- HCV, Hepatitis C virus
- HPV, human papilloma virus
- HTRA (1-4), high-temperature requirement factor A (1-4)
- HTRA3
- IQR, interquartile range
- IRS, immunoreactive score
- LMU, Ludwig-Maximilians-University
- M, methylated
- MIBC, muscle invasive bladder cancer
- MSP, methylation specific PCR
- NMIBC, non-muscle invasive bladder cancer
- NU, normal urothelium
- OASIS / CREB3L1
- OASIS, old astrocyte specifically-induced substance
- PCR, polymerase chain reaction
- RIP, regulated intramembrane proteolysis
- RWTH, Rheinisch Westfälisch Technische Hochschule
- SP1, site 1 protease
- SP2, site 2 protease
- TCGA, The Cancer Genome Atlas
- TGF-β, transforming growth factor beta
- TSA, trichostatin A
- TSS, transcription start site
- U, unmethylated
- UC, urothelial cell cancer
- UPR, unfold protein response
- USA, United States of America
- WHO, World Health Organization
- WI, Wisconsin
- bladder cancer
- cDNA, copy number desoxyribonucleic acid
- mRNA, messenger ribo nucleic acid
- n, number
- ns, not significant
- pTa, papillary non-invasive tumors
- promoter methylation
- s.e.m., standard error of the margin
- tumor cell migration
- tumor suppressor gene
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael Rose
- a Molecular Oncology Group; Institute of Pathology ; RWTH Aachen University ; Aachen , Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Hubers AJ, Heideman DAM, Burgers SA, Herder GJM, Sterk PJ, Rhodius RJ, Smit HJ, Krouwels F, Welling A, Witte BI, Duin S, Koning R, Comans EFI, Steenbergen RDM, Postmus PE, Meijer GA, Snijders PJF, Smit EF, Thunnissen E. DNA hypermethylation analysis in sputum for the diagnosis of lung cancer: training validation set approach. Br J Cancer 2015; 112:1105-13. [PMID: 25719833 PMCID: PMC4366885 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2014.636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Revised: 10/06/2014] [Accepted: 12/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Lung cancer has the highest mortality of all cancers. The aim of this study was to examine DNA hypermethylation in sputum and validate its diagnostic accuracy for lung cancer. Methods: DNA hypermethylation of RASSF1A, APC, cytoglobin, 3OST2, PRDM14, FAM19A4 and PHACTR3 was analysed in sputum samples from symptomatic lung cancer patients and controls (learning set: 73 cases, 86 controls; validation set: 159 cases, 154 controls) by quantitative methylation-specific PCR. Three statistical models were used: (i) cutoff based on Youden's J index, (ii) cutoff based on fixed specificity per marker of 96% and (iii) risk classification of post-test probabilities. Results: In the learning set, approach (i) showed that RASSF1A was best able to distinguish cases from controls (sensitivity 42.5%, specificity 96.5%). RASSF1A, 3OST2 and PRDM14 combined demonstrated a sensitivity of 82.2% with a specificity of 66.3%. Approach (ii) yielded a combination rule of RASSF1A, 3OST2 and PHACTR3 (sensitivity 67.1%, specificity 89.5%). The risk model (approach iii) distributed the cases over all risk categories. All methods displayed similar and consistent results in the validation set. Conclusions: Our findings underscore the impact of DNA methylation markers in symptomatic lung cancer diagnosis. RASSF1A is validated as diagnostic marker in lung cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A J Hubers
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands
| | - D A M Heideman
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands
| | - S A Burgers
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, NKI-Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - G J M Herder
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Sint Antonius Hospital, Nieuwegein, The Netherlands
| | - P J Sterk
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - R J Rhodius
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - H J Smit
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Sint Lucas Andreas Hospital, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - F Krouwels
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Spaarne Hospital, Hoofddorp, The Netherlands
| | - A Welling
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, Medisch Centrum Alkmaar, Alkmaar, The Netherlands
| | - B I Witte
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - S Duin
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands
| | - R Koning
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands
| | - E F I Comans
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - R D M Steenbergen
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands
| | - P E Postmus
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - G A Meijer
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands
| | - P J F Snijders
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands
| | - E F Smit
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - E Thunnissen
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, Amsterdam 1081 HV, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Mensaert K, Van Criekinge W, Thas O, Schuuring E, Steenbergen RDM, Wisman GBA, De Meyer T. Mining for viral fragments in methylation enriched sequencing data. Front Genet 2015; 6:16. [PMID: 25699076 PMCID: PMC4316777 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2015.00016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Most next generation sequencing experiments generate more data than is usable for the experimental set up. For example, methyl-CpG binding domain (MBD) affinity purification based sequencing is often used for DNA-methylation profiling, but up to 30% of the sequenced fragments cannot be mapped uniquely to the reference genome. Here we present and evaluate a methodology for the identification of viruses in these otherwise unused paired-end MBD-seq data. Viral detection is accomplished by mapping non-reference alignable reads to a comprehensive set of viral genomes. As viruses play an important role in epigenetics and cancer development, 92 (pre)malignant and benign samples, originating from two different collections of cervical samples and related cell lines, were used in this study. These samples include primary carcinomas (n = 22), low- and high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN1 and CIN2/3 - n = 2/n = 30) and normal tissue (n = 20), as well as control samples (n = 17). Viruses that were detected include phages, adenoviruses, herpesviridae and HPV. HPV, which causes virtually all cervical cancers, was identified in 95% of the carcinomas, 100% of the CIN2/3 samples, both CIN1 samples and in 55% of the normal samples. Comparing the amount of mapped fragments on HPV for each HPV-infected sample yielded a significant difference between normal samples and carcinomas or CIN2/3 samples (adjusted p-values resp. <10(-5), <10(-5)), reflecting different viral loads and/or methylation degrees in non-normal samples. Fragments originating from different HPV types could be distinguished and were independently validated by PCR-based assays in 71% of the detections. In conclusion, although limited by the a priori knowledge of viral reference genome sequences, the proposed methodology can provide a first confined but substantial insight into the presence, concentration and types of methylated viral sequences in MBD-seq data at low additional cost.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Klaas Mensaert
- Department of Mathematical Modeling, Statistics and Bioinformatics, Ghent University Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wim Van Criekinge
- Department of Mathematical Modeling, Statistics and Bioinformatics, Ghent University Ghent, Belgium ; Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Olivier Thas
- Department of Mathematical Modeling, Statistics and Bioinformatics, Ghent University Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ed Schuuring
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Research Center Groningen, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen Groningen, Netherlands
| | | | - G Bea A Wisman
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Cancer Research Center Groningen, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen Groningen, Netherlands
| | - Tim De Meyer
- Department of Mathematical Modeling, Statistics and Bioinformatics, Ghent University Ghent, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
Schütze DM, Kooter JM, Wilting SM, Meijer CJLM, Quint W, Snijders PJF, Steenbergen RDM. Longitudinal assessment of DNA methylation changes during HPVE6E7-induced immortalization of primary keratinocytes. Epigenetics 2015; 10:73-81. [PMID: 25580631 DOI: 10.4161/15592294.2014.990787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
High-risk human papillomavirus (hrHPV)-induced immortalization and malignant transformation are accompanied by DNA methylation of host genes. To determine when methylation is established during cell immortalization and whether it is hrHPV-type dependent, DNA methylation was studied in a large panel of HPVE6E7-immortalized keratinocyte cell lines. These cell lines displayed different growth behaviors, i.e., continuous growth versus crisis period prior to immortalization, reflecting differential immortalization capacities of the 7 HPV-types (16/18/31/33/45/66/70) studied. In this study, cells were monitored for hypermethylation of 14 host genes (APC, CADM1, CYGB, FAM19A4, hTERT, mir124-1, mir124-2, mir124-3, MAL, PHACTR3, PRDM14, RASSF1A, ROBO3, and SFRP2) at 4 different stages during immortalization. A significant increase in overall methylation levels was seen with progression through each stage of immortalization. At stage 1 (pre-immortalization), a significant increase in methylation of hTERT, mir124-2, and PRDM14 was already apparent, which continued over time. Methylation of ROBO3 was significantly increased at stage 2 (early immortal), followed by CYGB (stage 3) and FAM19A4, MAL, PHACTR3, and SFRP2 (stage 4). Methylation patterns were mostly growth behavior independent. Yet, hTERT methylation levels were significantly increased in cells that just escaped from crisis. Bisulfite sequencing of hTERT confirmed increased methylation in immortal cells compared to controls, with the transcription core and known repressor sites remaining largely unmethylated. In conclusion, HPV-induced immortalization is associated with a sequential and progressive increase in promoter methylation of a subset of genes, which is mostly independent of the viral immortalization capacity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Denise M Schütze
- a Department of Pathology; Unit of Molecular Pathology ; VU University Medical Center ; Amsterdam , The Netherlands
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
High methylation rate of LMX1A, NKX6-1, PAX1, PTPRR, SOX1, and ZNF582 genes in cervical adenocarcinoma. Int J Gynecol Cancer 2014; 24:201-9. [PMID: 24407576 DOI: 10.1097/igc.0000000000000054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the status of DNA methylation of 6 genes, LMX1A, NKX6-1, PAX1, PTPRR, SOX1, and ZNF582, previously found from squamous cell carcinomas in adenocarcinomas (ACs) of the uterine cervix. METHODS We assessed the methylation status of these genes in 40 ACs, cervical scrapings from 23 ACs, and 67 normal control cervices by real-time quantitative methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction. The results were validated by bisulfite pyrosequencing. RESULTS The methylation levels of all the 6 genes in the ACs were significantly higher than those in normal cervical tissues, especially for PAX1, PTPRR, SOX1, and ZNF582. The odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of high methylation levels in PAX1, PTPRR, SOX1, and ZNF582 for the risk of developing an AC were 15.7 (95% CI, 7.0-40.6), 16.9 (95% CI, 7.6-43.0), 32.1 (95% CI, 12.1-124.3), and 25.4 (95% CI, 10.4-78.3), respectively (all P < 0.001). The methylation indices of PAX1, PTPRR, SOX1, and ZNF582 recovered from scrapings of ACs were significantly higher than in normal controls. The odds ratios of these indices for the risk of developing an AC in PAX1, PTPRR, SOX1, and ZNF582 were 6.2 (95% CI, 2.6-15.4), 12.1(95% CI, 3.8-46.4), 6.2 (95% CI, 2.6-15.8), and 20.6 (95% CI, 6.9-77.5), respectively (all P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS Cervical ACs carry aberrantly high methylation rates of PAX1, PTPRR, SOX1, and ZNF582--commonly methylated in squamous cell carcinomas--which might help for AC screening.
Collapse
|
42
|
De Strooper LMA, Meijer CJLM, Berkhof J, Hesselink AT, Snijders PJF, Steenbergen RDM, Heideman DAM. Methylation analysis of the FAM19A4 gene in cervical scrapes is highly efficient in detecting cervical carcinomas and advanced CIN2/3 lesions. Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2014; 7:1251-7. [PMID: 25281488 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-14-0237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Primary testing for human papillomavirus (HPV) in cervical screening requires triage to differentiate women with transient infection from those with persistent infection who require more intensive management given their risk for cervical (pre)cancer. In this study, the clinical performance of a novel methylation marker FAM19A4 for the triage of high-risk (hr)HPV-positive women was evaluated. Using a training-validation set approach, we analyzed a FAM19A4 quantitative methylation-specific PCR (qMSP). The training set comprised hrHPV-positive cervical scrapes of 43 women with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 3 or worse (CIN3+) and 135 women with ≤CIN1. The validation set comprised hrHPV-positive cervical scrapes of 52 women with CIN2+, including 33 CIN3+, 19 CIN2, and 166 women with ≤CIN1. The methylation threshold of FAM19A4 qMSP that gave rise to CIN3+ specificity of 70% in the training set was applied in the validation set. This resulted in CIN3+ sensitivity of 75.8% [95% confidence interval (CI), 61.1-90.4] at 67.0% (95% CI, 60.3-73.8) specificity. Next, the validated qMSP was applied to an independent series of hrHPV-positive cervical scrapes of 22 women with cervical cancer, 29 with advanced CIN2/3 [i.e., women with a known preceding hrHPV infection (PHI) lasting ≥5 years as proxy of longer duration of lesion existence], and 19 with early CIN2/3 (i.e., PHI <5 years). All carcinomas (22/22) and advanced CIN2/3 lesions (29/29) were FAM19A4 methylation-positive, compared with 42.1% (8/19; 95% CI, 19.9-64.3) of early CIN2/3 lesions. In conclusion, FAM19A4 is an attractive triage marker for hrHPV-positive women, with a high reassurance for the detection of cervical carcinoma and advanced CIN2/3 lesions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lise M A De Strooper
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Chris J L M Meijer
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Johannes Berkhof
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Albertus T Hesselink
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Peter J F Snijders
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
43
|
Snellenberg S, Cillessen SAGM, Van Criekinge W, Bosch L, Meijer CJLM, Snijders PJF, Steenbergen RDM. Methylation-mediated repression of PRDM14 contributes to apoptosis evasion in HPV-positive cancers. Carcinogenesis 2014; 35:2611-8. [PMID: 25233927 DOI: 10.1093/carcin/bgu197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Promoter methylation of the transcription factor PRDM14 (PRDI-BF1 and RIZ domain containing 14) represents a highly frequent event in human papillomavirus (HPV)-induced cervical cancers and cancer precursor lesions. Here, we aimed to assess the functional consequences of PRDM14 promoter methylation in HPV-induced carcinogenesis. PRDM14 promoter methylation, expression and consequences of ectopic PRDM14 expression were studied in HPV16-positive cervical and oral cancer cell lines (SiHa, CaSki and 93VU147T), human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK293T) cells and primary human foreskin keratinocytes (HFK). PRDM14 mRNA expression was restricted to HEK293T and HFK cells, and could be upregulated in SiHa cells upon DNA methylation inhibition. Ectopic expression of PRDM14 in SiHa, CaSki and 93VU147T cells resulted in significantly more apoptotic cells, as measured by annexin V labelling, compared to HEK293T and HFK cells. MRNA profiling of 41 apoptosis regulators identified NOXA and PUMA as candidate target genes involved in PRDM14-mediated apoptosis induction. Full-length PRDM14 transactivated both NOXA and PUMA promoters. Transactivation was abolished upon deletion of the PRDM14 DNA binding domain. This suggests that NOXA and PUMA expression is directly regulated by PRDM14, which in case of NOXA was linked to a consensus PRDM14 binding motif in the promoter region. Taken together, these results suggest that PRDM14 acts as a regulator of NOXA and PUMA-mediated apoptosis induction, thereby providing evidence for a tumour suppressive role in HPV-induced carcinogenesis. The contribution of methylation-mediated gene silencing of PRDM14 to apoptosis evasion in HPV-positive cancer cells offers novel therapeutic options for HPV-induced cancers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Suzanne Snellenberg
- Department of Pathology, Unit of Molecular Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands and
| | - Saskia A G M Cillessen
- Department of Pathology, Unit of Molecular Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands and
| | - Wim Van Criekinge
- Department of Pathology, Unit of Molecular Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands and BioBix, Department of Mathematical Modelling, Statistics and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Leontien Bosch
- Department of Pathology, Unit of Molecular Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands and
| | - Chris J L M Meijer
- Department of Pathology, Unit of Molecular Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands and
| | - Peter J F Snijders
- Department of Pathology, Unit of Molecular Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands and
| | - Renske D M Steenbergen
- Department of Pathology, Unit of Molecular Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands and
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Hubers AJ, Brinkman P, Boksem RJ, Rhodius RJ, Witte BI, Zwinderman AH, Heideman DAM, Duin S, Koning R, Steenbergen RDM, Snijders PJF, Smit EF, Sterk PJ, Thunnissen E. Combined sputum hypermethylation and eNose analysis for lung cancer diagnosis. J Clin Pathol 2014; 67:707-11. [PMID: 24915850 DOI: 10.1136/jclinpath-2014-202414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The aim of this study is to explore DNA hypermethylation analysis in sputum and exhaled breath analysis for their complementary, non-invasive diagnostic capacity in lung cancer. METHODS Sputum samples and exhaled breath were prospectively collected from 20 lung cancer patients and 31 COPD controls (Set 1). An additional 18 lung cancer patients and 8 controls only collected exhaled breath as validation set (Set 2). DNA hypermethylation of biomarkers RASSF1A, cytoglobin, APC, FAM19A4, PHACTR3, 3OST2 and PRDM14 was considered, and breathprints from exhaled breath samples were created using an electronic nose (eNose). RESULTS Both DNA hypermethylation markers in sputum and eNose were independently able to distinguish lung cancer patients from controls. The combination of RASSF1A and 3OST2 hypermethylation had a sensitivity of 85% with a specificity of 74%. eNose had a sensitivity of 80% with a specificity of 48%. Sensitivity for lung cancer diagnosis increased to 100%, when RASSF1A hypermethylation was combined with eNose, with specificity of 42%. Both methods showed to be complementary to each other (p≤0.011). eNose results were reproducible in Set 2. CONCLUSIONS When used in concert, RASSF1A hypermethylation in sputum and exhaled breath analysis are complementary for lung cancer diagnosis, with 100% sensitivity in this series. This finding should be further validated.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Jasmijn Hubers
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Paul Brinkman
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Remco J Boksem
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Robert J Rhodius
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Birgit I Witte
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Aeilko H Zwinderman
- Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Academic Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Sylvia Duin
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Remco Koning
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Peter J F Snijders
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Egbert F Smit
- Department of Pulmonary Diseases, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter J Sterk
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Erik Thunnissen
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Steenbergen RDM, Snijders PJF, Heideman DAM, Meijer CJLM. Clinical implications of (epi)genetic changes in HPV-induced cervical precancerous lesions. Nat Rev Cancer 2014; 14:395-405. [PMID: 24854082 DOI: 10.1038/nrc3728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 255] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Infection of cervical epithelium with high-risk human papilloma virus (hrHPV) might result in productive or transforming cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) lesions, the morphology of which can overlap. In transforming CIN lesions, aberrations in host cell genes accumulate over time, which is necessary for the ultimate progression to cancer. On the basis of (epi)genetic changes, early and advanced transforming CIN lesions can be distinguished. This paves the way for new molecular tools for cervical screening, diagnosis and management of cervical cancer precursor lesions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renske D M Steenbergen
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, PO box 7057, 1007 Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Peter J F Snijders
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, PO box 7057, 1007 Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Daniëlle A M Heideman
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, PO box 7057, 1007 Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Chris J L M Meijer
- Department of Pathology, VU University Medical Center, PO box 7057, 1007 Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
46
|
PRDM14: a unique regulator for pluripotency and epigenetic reprogramming. Trends Biochem Sci 2014; 39:289-98. [PMID: 24811060 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibs.2014.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Revised: 04/03/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
PRDM14 belongs to the PR domain-containing (PRDM) transcriptional regulators. Among the PRDM family members, PRDM14 shows specific expression in preimplantation embryos, primordial germ cells (PGCs), and embryonic stem cells (ESCs) in vitro, and accordingly plays a key role in the regulation of their pluripotency and epigenetic reprogramming, most notably, genome-wide DNA demethylation. The function of PRDM14 appears to be conserved between mice and humans, but it shows several characteristic differences between the two species. A precise understanding of the function of PRDM14 in mice and humans would shed new light on the regulation of pluripotency and the epigenome in these two species, providing a foundation for better control of stem cell fates in a broader context.
Collapse
|
47
|
Chen YC, Huang RL, Huang YK, Liao YP, Su PH, Wang HC, Chang CC, Lin YW, Yu MH, Chu TY, Lai HC. Methylomics analysis identifies epigenetically silenced genes and implies an activation of β-catenin signaling in cervical cancer. Int J Cancer 2013; 135:117-27. [PMID: 24310984 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.28658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2013] [Revised: 11/14/2013] [Accepted: 11/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Using DNA methylation biomarkers in cancer detection is a potential direction in clinical testing. Some methylated genes have been proposed for cervical cancer detection; however, more reliable methylation markers are needed. To identify new hypermethylated genes in the discovery phase, we compared the methylome between a pool of DNA from normal cervical epithelium (n = 19) and a pool of DNA from cervical cancer tissues (n = 38) using a methylation bead array. We integrated the differentially methylated genes with public gene expression databases, which resulted in 91 candidate genes. Based on gene expression after demethylation treatment in cell lines, we confirmed 61 genes for further validation. In the validation phase, quantitative MSP and bisulfite pyrosequencing were used to examine their methylation level in an independent set of clinical samples. Fourteen genes, including ADRA1D, AJAP1, COL6A2, EDN3, EPO, HS3ST2, MAGI2, POU4F3, PTGDR, SOX8, SOX17, ST6GAL2, SYT9, and ZNF614, were significantly hypermethylated in CIN3+ lesions. The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of POU4F3 for detecting CIN3+ lesions were 0.88, 0.82, and 0.85, respectively. A bioinformatics function analysis revealed that AJAP1, EDN3, EPO, MAGI2, and SOX17 were potentially implicated in β-catenin signaling, suggesting the epigenetic dysregulation of this signaling pathway during cervical cancer development. The concurrent methylation of multiple genes in cancers and in subsets of precancerous lesions suggests the presence of a driver of methylation phenotype in cervical carcinogenesis. Further validation of these new genes as biomarkers for cervical cancer screening in a larger population-based study is warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Chih Chen
- Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tri-Service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Abstract
Human papilllomaviruses (HPVs) are common human pathogens that infect cutaneous or mucosal epithelia in which they cause warts, self-contained benign lesions that commonly regress. The HPV life cycle is intricately tied to the differentiation of the host epithelium it infects. Mucosotropic HPVs are the most common sexually transmitted pathogen known to mankind. A subset of the mucosotropic HPVs, so-called high risk HPVs, is etiologically associated with numerous cancers of the anogenital tract, most notably the cervix, as well as a growing fraction of head and neck cancers. In these cancers, the HPV genome, which normally exists an a double stranded, circular, nuclear plasmid, is commonly found integrated into the host genome and expresses two viral oncogenes, E6 and E7, that are implicated in the development and maintainance of the cancers caused by these high risk HPVs. Numerous studies, primarily on the high risk HPV16, have documented that the methylation status of the viral genome changes not only in the context of the viral life cycle but also in the context of the progressive neoplastic disease that culminates in cancer. In this article, we summarize the knowledge gained from those studies. We also provide the first analysis of available ChIP-seq data on the occupancy of both epigentically modified histones as well as transcription factors on the high risk HPV18 genome in the context of HeLa cells, a cervical cancer-derived cell line that has been the subject of extensive analyses using this technique.
Collapse
|