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Picchio V, Gaetani R, Pagano F, Derevyanchuk Y, Pagliarosi O, Floris E, Cozzolino C, Bernava G, Bordin A, Rocha F, Pereira ARS, Ministro A, Pinto AT, De Falco E, Serino G, Massai D, Tamarat R, Pesce M, Santos SCR, Messina E, Chimenti I. Early Impairment of Paracrine and Phenotypic Features in Resident Cardiac Mesenchymal Stromal Cells after Thoracic Radiotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2873. [PMID: 38474123 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy-induced cardiac toxicity and consequent diseases still represent potential severe late complications for many cancer survivors who undergo therapeutic thoracic irradiation. We aimed to assess the phenotypic and paracrine features of resident cardiac mesenchymal stromal cells (CMSCs) at early follow-up after the end of thoracic irradiation of the heart as an early sign and/or mechanism of cardiac toxicity anticipating late organ dysfunction. Resident CMSCs were isolated from a rat model of fractionated thoracic irradiation with accurate and clinically relevant heart dosimetry that developed delayed dose-dependent cardiac dysfunction after 1 year. Cells were isolated 6 and 12 weeks after the end of radiotherapy and fully characterized at the transcriptional, paracrine, and functional levels. CMSCs displayed several altered features in a dose- and time-dependent trend, with the most impaired characteristics observed in those exposed in situ to the highest radiation dose with time. In particular, altered features included impaired cell migration and 3D growth and a and significant association of transcriptomic data with GO terms related to altered cytokine and growth factor signaling. Indeed, the altered paracrine profile of CMSCs derived from the group at the highest dose at the 12-week follow-up gave significantly reduced angiogenic support to endothelial cells and polarized macrophages toward a pro-inflammatory profile. Data collected in a clinically relevant rat model of heart irradiation simulating thoracic radiotherapy suggest that early paracrine and transcriptional alterations of the cardiac stroma may represent a dose- and time-dependent biological substrate for the delayed cardiac dysfunction phenotype observed in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vittorio Picchio
- Department of Angio Cardio Neurology, IRCCS Neuromed, 86077 Pozzilli, Italy
| | - Roberto Gaetani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, 00161 Roma, Italy
| | - Francesca Pagano
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Council of Research (IBBC-CNR), 00015 Monterotondo, Italy
| | - Yuriy Derevyanchuk
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, 00161 Roma, Italy
| | - Olivia Pagliarosi
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, 00161 Roma, Italy
| | - Erica Floris
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, 04100 Latina, Italy
| | - Claudia Cozzolino
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, 04100 Latina, Italy
| | | | - Antonella Bordin
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, 04100 Latina, Italy
| | - Filipe Rocha
- Centro Cardiovascular da Universidade de Lisboa (CCUL@RISE), Lisbon School of Medicine, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Rita Simões Pereira
- Centro Cardiovascular da Universidade de Lisboa (CCUL@RISE), Lisbon School of Medicine, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Augusto Ministro
- Centro Cardiovascular da Universidade de Lisboa (CCUL@RISE), Lisbon School of Medicine, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Ana Teresa Pinto
- Centro Cardiovascular da Universidade de Lisboa (CCUL@RISE), Lisbon School of Medicine, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Elena De Falco
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, 04100 Latina, Italy
- Mediterranea Cardiocentro, 80122 Napoli, Italy
| | - Gianpaolo Serino
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Diana Massai
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, 10129 Torino, Italy
- Interuniversity Center for the Promotion of the 3Rs Principles in Teaching and Research, 10129 Torino, Italy
| | - Radia Tamarat
- Institut de Radioprotection et de Sûreté Nucléaire (IRSN), 92260 Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | | | - Susana Constantino Rosa Santos
- Centro Cardiovascular da Universidade de Lisboa (CCUL@RISE), Lisbon School of Medicine, Universidade de Lisboa, 1649-028 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Elisa Messina
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, 00161 Roma, Italy
| | - Isotta Chimenti
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, 04100 Latina, Italy
- Mediterranea Cardiocentro, 80122 Napoli, Italy
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Xiong W, Shu XL, Huang L, He SQ, Liu LH, Li S, Shao ZC, Wang J, Cheng L. Bioinformatics Analysis and Experimental Validation of Differential Genes and Pathways in Bone Nonunions. Biochem Genet 2024:10.1007/s10528-023-10633-0. [PMID: 38324134 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10633-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
Non-union fractures pose a significant clinical challenge, often leading to prolonged pain and disability. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying non-union fractures is crucial for developing effective therapeutic interventions. This study integrates bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation to unravel key genes and pathways associated with non-union fractures. We identified differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between non-union and fracture healing tissues using bioinformatics techniques. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses were employed to elucidate the biological processes and pathways involved. Common DEGs were identified, and a protein-protein interaction (PPI) network was constructed. Fibronectin-1 (FN1), Thrombospondin-1 (THBS1), and Biglycan (BGN) were pinpointed as critical target genes for non-union fracture treatment. Experimental validation involved alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and Alizarin Red staining to confirm osteogenic differentiation. Our analysis revealed significant alterations in pathways related to cell behavior, tissue regeneration, wound healing, infection, and immune responses in non-union fracture tissues. FN1, THBS1, and BGN were identified as key genes, with their upregulation indicating potential disruptions in the bone remodeling process. Experimental validation confirmed the induction of osteogenic differentiation. The study provides comprehensive insights into the molecular mechanisms of non-union fractures, emphasizing the pivotal roles of FN1, THBS1, and BGN in extracellular matrix dynamics and bone regeneration. The findings highlight potential therapeutic targets and pathways for further investigation. Future research should explore interactions between these genes, validate results using in vivo fracture models, and develop tailored treatment strategies for non-union fractures, promising significant advances in clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xiong
- Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Nanchang Hongdu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 264, Minde Road, Donghu District, Nanchang City, 330008, Jiangxi, China
| | - Xing-Li Shu
- Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Nanchang Hongdu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 264, Minde Road, Donghu District, Nanchang City, 330008, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lv Huang
- Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Nanchang Hongdu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 264, Minde Road, Donghu District, Nanchang City, 330008, Jiangxi, China
| | - Su-Qi He
- Clinical Medical College, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang City, 330004, Jiangxi, China
| | - Lang-Hui Liu
- Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Nanchang Hongdu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 264, Minde Road, Donghu District, Nanchang City, 330008, Jiangxi, China
| | - Song Li
- Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Nanchang Hongdu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 264, Minde Road, Donghu District, Nanchang City, 330008, Jiangxi, China
| | - Zi-Chen Shao
- Clinical Medical College, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang City, 330004, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Jun Wang
- General Surgery Department of Trauma Center, The First Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang City, 330008, Jiangxi, China.
| | - Ling Cheng
- Rehabilitation Medicine Department, Nanchang Hongdu Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, No. 264, Minde Road, Donghu District, Nanchang City, 330008, Jiangxi, China.
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Chapoval SP, Gao H, Fanaroff R, Keegan AD. Plexin B1 controls Treg numbers, limits allergic airway inflammation, and regulates mucins. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1297354. [PMID: 38259471 PMCID: PMC10801081 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1297354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
We investigated the effect of global Plexin B1 deficiency on allergic airway responses to house dust mite (HDM) or ovalbumin (OVA). In the HDM model, there were higher Th2 cytokine levels in the BALF of Plexin B1 knock-out (KO) mice compared to wild type (WT), and tissue inflammation and mucus production were modestly enhanced. In the OVA model, Plexin B1 deficiency led to increases in lung inflammation, mucus production, and lung Th2 cytokines accompanied by dysregulated mucin gene expression without affecting anti-OVA IgE/IgG1 levels. Spleen cells from Plexin B1 KO mice proliferated more robustly than WT cells in vitro to a variety of stimuli. Plexin B1 KO CD4+ T cells from spleens expressed higher levels of Ki-67 and CD69 compared to WT cells. Spleen cells from naïve Plexin B1 KO mice secreted increased amounts of IL-4 and IL-6 when pulsed in vitro with OVA whereas in vivo OVA-primed spleen cells produced IL-4/IL-5 when subjected to in vitro OVA restimulation. The upregulated allergic inflammatory response in Plexin B1 KO mice was associated with a lower number of Tregs in the lung tissues. Moreover, these mice displayed lower numbers of Treg cells in the lymphoid tissues at the baseline. These results demonstrate a previously unrecognized link between Plexin B1, Treg cells, and mucus in allergic lung inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana P. Chapoval
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Program in Oncology at the Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Hongjuan Gao
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Rachel Fanaroff
- Department of Pathology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
| | - Achsah D. Keegan
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Center for Vascular and Inflammatory Diseases, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Program in Oncology at the Greenebaum Cancer Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, United States
- Veteran Affairs (VA) Maryland Health Care System, Baltimore Veteran Affairs (VA) Medical Center, Baltimore, MD, United States
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Chimenti I, Gaetani R, Pagano F. Editorial: The cardiac stroma in homeostasis and disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1248750. [PMID: 37492159 PMCID: PMC10364592 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1248750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Isotta Chimenti
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, Latina, Italy
- Mediterranea Cardiocentro, Napoli, Italy
| | - Roberto Gaetani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
- Department of Bioengineering, Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Francesca Pagano
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Council of Research (IBBC-CNR), Monterotondo, Italy
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