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Abstract
Heart failure (HF) is associated with disabling symptoms, poor quality of life, and a poor prognosis with substantial excess mortality in the years following diagnosis. Overactivation of the sympathetic nervous system is a key feature of the pathophysiology of HF and is an important driver of the process of adverse remodelling of the left ventricular wall that contributes to cardiac failure. Drugs which suppress the activity of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system, including β-blockers, are foundation therapies for the management of heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) and despite a lack of specific outcomes trials, are also widely used by cardiologist in patients with HF with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Today, expert opinion has moved away from recommending that treatment for HF should be guided solely by the LVEF and interventions should rather address signs and symptoms of HF (e.g. oedema and tachycardia), the severity of HF, and concomitant conditions. β-blockers improve HF symptoms and functional status in HF and these agents have demonstrated improved survival, as well as a reduced risk of other important clinical outcomes such as hospitalisation for heart failure, in randomised, placebo-controlled outcomes trials. In HFpEF, β-blockers are anti-ischemic and lower blood pressure and heart rate. Moreover, β-blockers also reduce mortality in the setting of HF occurring alongside common comorbid conditions, such as diabetes, CKD (of any severity), and COPD. Higher doses of β-blockers are associated with better clinical outcomes in populations with HF, so that ensuring adequate titration of therapy to their maximal (or maximally tolerated) doses is important for ensuring optimal outcomes for people with HF. In principle, a patient with HF could have combined treatment with a β-blocker, renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitor/neprilysin inhibitor, mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist, and a SGLT2 inhibitor, according to tolerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mucio Tavares de Oliveira
- Heart Institute, Day Hospital and Infusion Center, University of Sao Paulo Medical School, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Infusion Center and Day Hospital at Heart Institute (InCor), University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Rui Baptista
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Center for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology (CIBB), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Clinical Academic Center of Coimbra (CACC), Coimbra, Portugal
- Cardiology Department, Centro Hospitalar Entre Douro e Vouga, Santa Maria da Feira, Portugal
| | | | - Marcely Gimenes Bonatto
- Department of Heart Failure and Heart Transplant, Hospital Santa Casa de Misericórdia de, Curitiba, Brazil
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Krzesiak A, Enea C, Faivre JF, Bescond J, Vandebrouck C, Cognard C, Sebille S, Bosquet L, Delpech N. Combined cardiovascular effects of ovariectomy and high-intensity interval training in female spontaneously hypertensive rats. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2024. [PMID: 38572539 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00518.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypertensive postmenopausal women are more likely to develop adverse cardiac remodelling and respond less effectively to drug treatment than men. High intensity interval exercise (HIIE) is a non-pharmacological strategy for the treatment of hypertension, however, the effectiveness in women remains uncertain. This study was designed to evaluate (1) effects of HIIE training upon morphological and functional markers of cardiovascular health in female SHR and (2) to determine whether the hormonal shift induced by ovariectomy could influence cardiovascular responses to HIIE. 36 SHR were randomly assigned to 4 groups: ovariectomised sedentary, ovariectomised trained, sham-operated sedentary and sham-operated trained. The trained rats performed HIIE 5 days/week for 8 weeks. Blood pressure and echocardiographic measurements were performed before and after training in animals. Cardiac response to β-adrenergic stimulation and the expression of calcium regulatory proteins and estrogen receptors in heart samples were assessed. Endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation in response to acetylcholine was evaluated in aortic rings as well as the expression of nitric oxide synthase isoforms (eNOS and P-eNOS) by western blotting. In both groups of trained SHR, HIIE induced eccentric cardiac remodelling with greater inotropic and chronotropic effects, as well as an increase in SERCA and β1AR expression. However, although the trained rats showed improved endothelial function and expression of eNOS and P-eNOS in the aorta, there was no demonstrated effect on blood pressure. Additionally, the responses to HIIE training were not affected by ovariectomy. This work highlights the importance of assessing the cardiovascular efficacy and safety of different exercise modalities in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amandine Krzesiak
- Laboratoire MOVE (UR 20296), University of Poitiers, POITIERS, France
| | - Carina Enea
- Laboratory MOVE (UR20296), Faculté des Sciences du Sport, University of Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | | | - Jocelyn Bescond
- Laboratoire de Physiologie et Physiopathologie Cardiaques, University of Poitiers, POITIERS, France
| | - Clarisse Vandebrouck
- Laboratoire Signalisation et Transports Ioniques Membranaires, University of Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | | | - Stéphane Sebille
- STIM Biologie Santé, University of Poitiers, Poitiers, France, France
| | - Laurent Bosquet
- Laboratory MOVE (UR20296), Faculté des Sciences du Sport, University of Poitiers, Poitiers, France
| | - Nathalie Delpech
- Laboratory MOVE (UR20296), Faculté des Sciences du Sport, University of Poitiers, POITIERS, France
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3
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Kostka F, Ittermann T, Groß S, Laqua FC, Bülow R, Völzke H, Dörr M, Kühn JP, Markus MRP, Kromrey ML. Cardiac remodelling in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in the general population. Liver Int 2024; 44:1032-1041. [PMID: 38293745 DOI: 10.1111/liv.15844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 01/01/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disease. Our study investigates the contribution of NAFLD to changes in cardiac structure and function in a general population. METHODS One thousand ninety-six adults (49.3% female) from the Study of Health in Pomerania underwent magnetic resonance imaging including cardiac and liver imaging. The presence of NAFLD by proton density fat fraction was related to left cardiac structure and function. Results were adjusted for clinical confounders using multivariable linear regression model. RESULTS The prevalence for NAFLD was 35.9%. In adjusted multivariable linear regression models, NAFLD was positively associated with higher left ventricular mass index (β = 0.95; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.45; 1.45), left ventricular concentricity (β = 0.043; 95% CI: 0.031; 0.056), left ventricular end-diastolic wall thickness (β = 0.29; 95% CI: 0.20; 0.38), left atrial end-diastolic volume index (β = 0.67; 95% CI: 0.01; 1.32) and inversely associated with left ventricular end-diastolic volume index (β = -0.78; 95% CI: -1.51; -0.05). When stratified by sex, we only found significant positive associations of NAFLD with left ventricular mass index, left atrial end-diastolic volume index, left ventricular cardiac output and an inverse association with global longitudinal strain in women. In contrast, men had an inverse association with left ventricular end-diastolic volume index and left ventricular stroke volume. Higher liver fat content was stronger associated with higher left ventricular mass index, left ventricular concentricity and left ventricular end-diastolic wall thickness. CONCLUSION NAFLD is associated with cardiac remodelling in the general population showing sex specific patterns in cardiac structure and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederik Kostka
- Institute of Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Till Ittermann
- Department of Study of Health in Pomerania/Clinical-Epidemiological Research, Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Stefan Groß
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Fabian Christopher Laqua
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg, Germany
| | - Robin Bülow
- Institute of Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Henry Völzke
- Department of Study of Health in Pomerania/Clinical-Epidemiological Research, Institute for Community Medicine, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Marcus Dörr
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Jens Peter Kühn
- Institute and Policlinic for Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital, Carl Gustav Carus University, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany
| | - Marcello Ricardo Paulista Markus
- Department of Internal Medicine B, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
- German Center for Diabetes Research (DZD), Partner Site Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Marie-Luise Kromrey
- Institute of Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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Reily‐Bell M, Katare R. MyoLoop: Redefining cardiac research with advanced tissue simulation. Exp Physiol 2024; 109:320-321. [PMID: 38236056 PMCID: PMC10988732 DOI: 10.1113/ep091577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Rajesh Katare
- Department of PhysiologyHeartOtagoUniversity of OtagoDunedinNew Zealand
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Al-Hashedi EM, Abdu FA. Aldosterone Effect on Cardiac Structure and Function. Curr Cardiol Rev 2024; 20:CCR-EPUB-138876. [PMID: 38425104 DOI: 10.2174/011573403x281390240219063817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiac remodelling could be a key mechanism in aldosteronemediated cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Experimental and clinical evidence has demonstrated that aldosterone causes cardiac structural remodelling and dysfunction by its profibrotic and pro-hypertrophic effects, which result mainly from the direct effects on myocardial collagen deposition, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Clinical studies have investigated the aldosterone effects on the heart in different clinical conditions, including general population, essential hypertension, primary aldosteronism, heart failure, and atrial fibrillation. Robust findings indicate that aldosterone or the activation of the cardiac mineralocorticoid receptor can cause damage to myocardial tissue by mechanisms independent of the blood pressure, leading to tissue hypertrophy, fibrosis, and dysfunction. CONCLUSION Aldosterone-mediated cardiovascular morbidity and mortality mainly result from cardiac structural and functional alterations. In different clinical settings, aldosterone can induce cardiac structural remodelling and dysfunction via several pathological mechanisms, including cardiac fibrosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Aldosterone antagonists could effectively decrease or reverse the detrimental aldosterone-mediated changes in the heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekhlas Mahmoud Al-Hashedi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fuad A Abdu
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Chinnappa S, Maqbool A, Viswambharan H, Mooney A, Denby L, Drinkhill M. Beta Blockade Prevents Cardiac Morphological and Molecular Remodelling in Experimental Uremia. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 25:373. [PMID: 38203544 PMCID: PMC10778728 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25010373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Heart failure and chronic kidney disease (CKD) share several mediators of cardiac pathological remodelling. Akin to heart failure, this remodelling sets in motion a vicious cycle of progressive pathological hypertrophy and myocardial dysfunction in CKD. Several decades of heart failure research have shown that beta blockade is a powerful tool in preventing cardiac remodelling and breaking this vicious cycle. This phenomenon remains hitherto untested in CKD. Therefore, we set out to test the hypothesis that beta blockade prevents cardiac pathological remodelling in experimental uremia. Wistar rats had subtotal nephrectomy or sham surgery and were followed up for 10 weeks. The animals were randomly allocated to the beta blocker metoprolol (10 mg/kg/day) or vehicle. In vivo and in vitro cardiac assessments were performed. Cardiac tissue was extracted, and protein expression was quantified using immunoblotting. Histological analyses were performed to quantify myocardial fibrosis. Beta blockade attenuated cardiac pathological remodelling in nephrectomised animals. The echocardiographic left ventricular mass and the heart weight to tibial length ratio were significantly lower in nephrectomised animals treated with metoprolol. Furthermore, beta blockade attenuated myocardial fibrosis associated with subtotal nephrectomy. In addition, the Ca++- calmodulin-dependent kinase II (CAMKII) pathway was shown to be activated in uremia and attenuated by beta blockade, offering a potential mechanism of action. In conclusion, beta blockade attenuated hypertrophic signalling pathways and ameliorated cardiac pathological remodelling in experimental uremia. The study provides a strong scientific rationale for repurposing beta blockers, a tried and tested treatment in heart failure, for the benefit of patients with CKD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanmugakumar Chinnappa
- Department of Nephrology, Doncaster and Bassetlaw Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Doncaster DN2 5LT, UK
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (A.M.); (H.V.)
| | - Azhar Maqbool
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (A.M.); (H.V.)
| | - Hema Viswambharan
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (A.M.); (H.V.)
| | - Andrew Mooney
- Department of Nephrology, Leeds Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Leeds LS9 7TF, UK;
| | - Laura Denby
- Centre for Cardiovascular Science, The Queen’s Medical Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK;
| | - Mark Drinkhill
- Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine (LICAMM), University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK; (A.M.); (H.V.)
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Tocantins C, Martins JD, Rodrigues ÓM, Grilo LF, Diniz MS, Stevanovic-Silva J, Beleza J, Coxito P, Rizo-Roca D, Santos-Alves E, Rios M, Carvalho L, Moreno AJ, Ascensão A, Magalhães J, Oliveira PJ, Pereira SP. Metabolic mitochondrial alterations prevail in the female rat heart 8 weeks after exercise cessation. Eur J Clin Invest 2023; 53:e14069. [PMID: 37525474 DOI: 10.1111/eci.14069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 06/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The consumption of high-caloric diets strongly contributes to the development of non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including cardiovascular disease, the leading cause of mortality worldwide. Exercise (along with diet intervention) is one of the primary non-pharmacological approaches to promote a healthier lifestyle and counteract the rampant prevalence of NCDs. The present study evaluated the effects of exercise cessation after a short period training on the cardiac metabolic and mitochondrial function of female rats. METHODS Seven-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were fed a control or a high-fat, high-sugar (HFHS) diet and, after 7 weeks, the animals were kept on a sedentary lifestyle or submitted to endurance exercise for 3 weeks (6 days per week, 20-60 min/day). The cardiac samples were analysed 8 weeks after exercise cessation. RESULTS The consumption of the HFHS diet triggered impaired glucose tolerance, whereas the HFHS diet and physical exercise resulted in different responses in plasma adiponectin and leptin levels. Cardiac mitochondrial respiration efficiency was decreased by the HFHS diet consumption, which led to reduced ATP and increased NAD(P)H mitochondrial levels, which remained prevented by exercise 8 weeks after cessation. Exercise training-induced cardiac adaptations in redox balance, namely increased relative expression of Nrf2 and downstream antioxidant enzymes persist after an eight-week exercise cessation period. CONCLUSIONS Endurance exercise modulated cardiac redox balance and mitochondrial efficiency in female rats fed a HFHS diet. These findings suggest that exercise may elicit cardiac adaptations crucial for its role as a non-pharmacological intervention for individuals at risk of developing NCDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Tocantins
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- PhD Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine (PDBEB), Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - João D Martins
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Óscar M Rodrigues
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Luís F Grilo
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- PhD Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine (PDBEB), Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Mariana S Diniz
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- PhD Programme in Experimental Biology and Biomedicine (PDBEB), Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Jelena Stevanovic-Silva
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LaMetEx), Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Jorge Beleza
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LaMetEx), Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Coxito
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LaMetEx), Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - David Rizo-Roca
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LaMetEx), Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Department of Cell Biology, Physiology & Immunology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Estela Santos-Alves
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LaMetEx), Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Manoel Rios
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LaMetEx), Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Lina Carvalho
- Institute of Anatomical and Molecular Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - António J Moreno
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - António Ascensão
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LaMetEx), Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - José Magalhães
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LaMetEx), Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Paulo J Oliveira
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Susana P Pereira
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB-Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
- Laboratory of Metabolism and Exercise (LaMetEx), Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health and Leisure (CIAFEL), Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Faculty of Sports, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
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Reddy S, Teja D, R R, Vishal L, Gattu H, Nagilla MR. Cardiac Remodeling and Functional Changes in Patients With Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy: A Longitudinal Observational Study. Cureus 2023; 15:e46610. [PMID: 37936986 PMCID: PMC10626149 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.46610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a hereditary cardiac disorder characterized by abnormal thickening of the left ventricular myocardium. This can lead to various clinical manifestations, including sudden death. AIM To investigate the cardiac remodeling and functional changes in patients with HCM over a specific time period and explore the impact of different treatment regimens on disease progression. METHODS We conducted a prospective longitudinal observational study involving 100 patients diagnosed with HCM. Baseline clinical data, including demographics, medical history, and echocardiographic measurements, were collected. Follow-up assessments were performed at regular intervals over 24 months to track changes in cardiac structure, function, and clinical status. Statistical analysis, including paired t-tests and subgroup analysis, was conducted to identify significant associations and differences between treatment groups. RESULTS A total of 100 patients (mean age = 55 years, 50% male) were enrolled in the study. At baseline, echocardiography revealed increased left ventricular wall thickness (mean = 18.5 mm), left atrial dimensions (mean = 39 mm), and ventricular mass (mean = 230 g). During the follow-up period, there was a progressive increase in left ventricular wall thickness (mean change = 1.0 mm/year, p < 0.001), left atrial dimensions (mean change = 3.0 mm/year, p < 0.001), and ventricular mass (mean change = 8 g/year, p = 0.003). Additionally, alterations in diastolic and systolic function parameters were noted, with a decline in E/A ratio (mean change = -0.1 units/year, p = 0.008) and a reduction in ejection fraction (mean change = -2.0% per year, p = 0.001). CONCLUSION Our longitudinal observational study provides important insights into the cardiac remodeling and functional changes in patients with HCM over time. The progressive increase in cardiac parameters indicates ongoing disease progression. Additionally, beta-blocker therapy was associated with a slower rate of left ventricular wall thickening. These findings contribute to a better understanding of HCM's natural history and may guide targeted therapeutic approaches to improve patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shabarnadh Reddy
- Department of General Medicine, Narayana Medical College, Nellore, IND
| | - Dharma Teja
- Department of General Medicine, Mamata Medical College, Khammam, IND
| | - Rithvika R
- Department of General Medicine, Osmania Medical College and Hospital, Hyderabad, IND
| | - Loney Vishal
- Department of General Medicine, Osmania Medical College and Hospital, Hyderabad, IND
| | - Harshadeep Gattu
- Department of General Medicine, Osmania Medical College and Hospital, Hyderabad, IND
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Shen C, Fang R, Wang J, Wu N, Wang S, Shu T, Dai J, Feng M, Chen X. Visfatin aggravates transverse aortic constriction-induced cardiac remodelling by enhancing macrophage-mediated oxidative stress in mice. J Cell Mol Med 2023; 27:2562-2571. [PMID: 37584247 PMCID: PMC10468652 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have reported that visfatin can regulate macrophage polarisation, which has been demonstrated to participate in cardiac remodelling. The aims of this study were to investigate whether visfatin participates in transverse aortic constriction (TAC)-induced cardiac remodelling by regulating macrophage polarisation. First, TAC surgery and angiotensin II (Ang II) infusion were used to establish a mouse cardiac remodelling model, visfatin expression was measured, and the results showed that TAC surgery or Ang II infusion increased visfatin expression in the serum and heart in mice, and phenylephrine or hydrogen peroxide promoted the release of visfatin from macrophages in vitro. All these effects were dose-dependently reduced by superoxide dismutase. Second, visfatin was administered to TAC mice to observe the effects of visfatin on cardiac remodelling. We found that visfatin increased the cross-sectional area of cardiomyocytes, aggravated cardiac fibrosis, exacerbated cardiac dysfunction, further regulated macrophage polarisation and aggravated oxidative stress in TAC mice. Finally, macrophages were depleted in TAC mice to investigate whether macrophages mediate the regulatory effect of visfatin on cardiac remodelling, and the results showed that the aggravating effects of visfatin on oxidative stress and cardiac remodelling were abrogated. Our study suggests that visfatin enhances cardiac remodelling by promoting macrophage polarisation and enhancing oxidative stress. Visfatin may be a potential target for the prevention and treatment of clinical cardiac remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caijie Shen
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineThe First Affliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Atherosclerotic Diseases of Zhejiang ProvinceNingboChina
| | - Renyuan Fang
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineThe First Affliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Atherosclerotic Diseases of Zhejiang ProvinceNingboChina
| | - Jian Wang
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineThe First Affliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Atherosclerotic Diseases of Zhejiang ProvinceNingboChina
| | - Nan Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineThe First Affliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Atherosclerotic Diseases of Zhejiang ProvinceNingboChina
| | - Shuangsuang Wang
- Department of CardiologyWenling First People's Hospital, The Affiliated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical UniversityWenzhouChina
| | - Tian Shu
- Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhouChina
| | - Jiating Dai
- Health Science Center, Ningbo UniversityNingboChina
| | - Mingjun Feng
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineThe First Affliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Atherosclerotic Diseases of Zhejiang ProvinceNingboChina
| | - Xiaomin Chen
- Department of Cardiovascular MedicineThe First Affliated Hospital of Ningbo University, Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine for Atherosclerotic Diseases of Zhejiang ProvinceNingboChina
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10
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Waked D, Rodrigues ACB, Silva TM, Yariwake VY, Farhat SCL, Veras MM. Effect of chronic exposure to fine particulate matter on cardiac tissue of NZBWF1 mice. Int J Exp Pathol 2023; 104:177-187. [PMID: 36918483 PMCID: PMC10349255 DOI: 10.1111/iep.12473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological and toxicological studies have shown that inhalation of particulate matter (PM) is associated with development of cardiovascular diseases. Long-term exposure to PM may increase the risk of cardiovascular events and reduce life expectancy. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic inflammatory disease, autoimmune in nature, that is characterized by the production of autoantibodies that affects several organs, including the heart. Air pollution - which can be caused by several different factors - may be one of the most important points both at the onset and the natural history of SLE. Therefore this study aims to investigate whether exposure to air pollution promotes increased inflammation and cardiac remodelling in animals predisposed to SLE. Female NZBWF1 mice were exposed to an environmental particle concentrator. Aspects related to cardiac remodelling, inflammation and apoptosis were analysed in the myocardium. Body weight gain, cardiac trophism by heart/body weight ratio, relative area of cardiomyocytes and the fibrotic area of cardiac tissue were evaluated during the exposure period. Animals exposed to PM2.5 showed increased area of cardiomyocytes, and area of fibrosis; in addition, we observed an increase in IL-1 and C3 in the cardiac tissue, demonstrating increased inflammation. We suggest that air pollution is capable of promoting cardiac remodelling and increased inflammation in animals predisposed to SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dunia Waked
- Laboratory of Environmental and Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, School of MedicineUniversity of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Ana Clara B. Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Environmental and Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, School of MedicineUniversity of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Thamires Moraes Silva
- Laboratory of Environmental and Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, School of MedicineUniversity of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Victor Yuji Yariwake
- Laboratory of Environmental and Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, School of MedicineUniversity of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Sylvia Costa Lima Farhat
- Laboratory of Environmental and Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, School of MedicineUniversity of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
- Pediatric Rheumatology Unit, Children's Institute of Hospital das Clínicas, School of MedicineUniversity of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
| | - Mariana Matera Veras
- Laboratory of Environmental and Experimental Pathology, Department of Pathology, School of MedicineUniversity of São PauloSão PauloBrazil
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11
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Janus I, Noszczyk-Nowak A, Bubak J, Tursi M, Vercelli C, Nowak M. Comparative cardiac macroscopic and microscopic study in cats with hyperthyroidism vs. cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Vet Q 2023:1-21. [PMID: 37427551 DOI: 10.1080/01652176.2023.2234436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Hyperthyroidism is considered the most common endocrinopathy in middle-aged and old cats. The increased level of thyroid hormones influences many organs, including the heart. Cardiac functional and structural abnormalities in cats with hyperthyroidism have indeed been previously described. Nonetheless, myocardial vasculature has not been subjected to analysis. Also, no comparison with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy has been previously described. Although it has been shown that clinical alterations resolve after the treatment of hyperthyroidism, no detailed data have been published on the cardiac pathological or histopathological image of field cases of hyperthyroid cats that received pharmacological treatment.The aim of this study was to evaluate the cardiac pathological changes in feline hyperthyroidism and to compare them to alterations present in cardiac hypertrophy due to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in cats.The study was conducted on 40 feline hearts divided into three groups: 17 hearts from cats suffering from hyperthyroidism, 13 hearts from cats suffering from idiopathic hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and 10 hearts from cats without cardiac or thyroid disease. A detailed pathological and histopathological examination was performed.Cats with hyperthyroidism showed no ventricular wall hypertrophy in contrast to cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. Nonetheless, histological alterations were similarly advanced in both diseases. Moreover, in hyperthyroid cats more prominent vascular alterations were noted. In contrast to hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, the histological changes in hyperthyroid cats involved all ventricular walls and not mainly the left ventricle.Our study showed that despite normal cardiac wall thickness, cats with hyperthyroidism show severe structural changes in the myocardium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Janus
- Department of Pathology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, CK Norwida 31, Wrocław, Poland
- Corresponding author: Izabela Janus,
| | - Agnieszka Noszczyk-Nowak
- Department of Internal Diseases with Clinic of Dogs, Cats and Horses, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Grunwaldzki Sq 47, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Joanna Bubak
- Department of Pathology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, CK Norwida 31, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Massimiliano Tursi
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, Grugliasco (TO), Italy
| | - Cristina Vercelli
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Turin, Largo Paolo Braccini 2, Grugliasco (TO), Italy
| | - Marcin Nowak
- Department of Pathology, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, CK Norwida 31, Wrocław, Poland
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12
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Chimenti I, Gaetani R, Pagano F. Editorial: The cardiac stroma in homeostasis and disease. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1248750. [PMID: 37492159 PMCID: PMC10364592 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1248750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Isotta Chimenti
- Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Biotechnologies, Sapienza University, Latina, Italy
- Mediterranea Cardiocentro, Napoli, Italy
| | - Roberto Gaetani
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy
- Department of Bioengineering, Sanford Consortium for Regenerative Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA, United States
| | - Francesca Pagano
- Institute of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, National Council of Research (IBBC-CNR), Monterotondo, Italy
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13
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Logantha SJRJ, Yamanushi TT, Absi M, Temple IP, Kabuto H, Hirakawa E, Quigley G, Zhang X, Gurney AM, Hart G, Zhang H, Dobrzynski H, Boyett MR, Yanni J. Remodelling and dysfunction of the sinus node in pulmonary arterial hypertension. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2023; 378:20220178. [PMID: 37122221 PMCID: PMC10150205 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2022.0178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) have a high burden of arrhythmias, including arrhythmias arising from sinus node dysfunction, and the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of PAH on the sinus node. In the rat, PAH was induced by an injection of monocrotaline. Three weeks after injection, there was a decrease of the intrinsic heart rate (heart rate in the absence of autonomic tone) as well as the normal heart rate, evidence of sinus node dysfunction. In the sinus node of PAH rats, there was a significant downregulation of many ion channels and Ca2+-handling genes that could explain the dysfunction: HCN1 and HCN4 (responsible for pacemaker current, If), Cav1.2, Cav1.3 and Cav3.1 (responsible for L- and T-type Ca2+ currents, ICa,L and ICa,T), NCX1 (responsible for Na+-Ca2+ exchanger) and SERCA2 and RYR2 (Ca2+-handling molecules). In the sinus node of PAH rats, there was also a significant upregulation of many fibrosis genes that could also help explain the dysfunction: vimentin, collagen type 1, elastin, fibronectin and transforming growth factor β1. In summary, in PAH, there is a remodelling of ion channel, Ca2+-handling and fibrosis genes in the sinus node that is likely to be responsible for the sinus node dysfunction. This article is part of the theme issue 'The heartbeat: its molecular basis and physiological mechanisms'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sunil Jit R J Logantha
- Department of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine and Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L7 8TX, UK
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Tomoko T Yamanushi
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kagawa Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Takamatsu City, Kagawa 761-0123, Japan
| | - Mais Absi
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Ian P Temple
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Hideaki Kabuto
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kagawa Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Takamatsu City, Kagawa 761-0123, Japan
| | - Eiichiro Hirakawa
- Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kagawa Prefectural University of Health Sciences, Takamatsu City, Kagawa 761-0123, Japan
| | - Gillian Quigley
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - X Zhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Alison M Gurney
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - George Hart
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Henggui Zhang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - Halina Dobrzynski
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
- Department of Anatomy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków 31-008, Poland
| | - Mark R Boyett
- Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, West Yorkshire BD7 1DP, UK
| | - Joseph Yanni
- Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
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14
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Huang CLH, Lei M. Cardiomyocyte electrophysiology and its modulation: current views and future prospects. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2023; 378:20220160. [PMID: 37122224 PMCID: PMC10150219 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2022.0160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Normal and abnormal cardiac rhythms are of key physiological and clinical interest. This introductory article begins from Sylvio Weidmann's key historic 1950s microelectrode measurements of cardiac electrophysiological activity and Singh & Vaughan Williams's classification of cardiotropic targets. It then proceeds to introduce the insights into cardiomyocyte function and its regulation that subsequently emerged and their therapeutic implications. We recapitulate the resulting view that surface membrane electrophysiological events underlying cardiac excitation and its initiation, conduction and recovery constitute the final common path for the cellular mechanisms that impinge upon this normal or abnormal cardiac electrophysiological activity. We then consider progress in the more recently characterized successive regulatory hierarchies involving Ca2+ homeostasis, excitation-contraction coupling and autonomic G-protein signalling and their often reciprocal interactions with the surface membrane events, and their circadian rhythms. Then follow accounts of longer-term upstream modulation processes involving altered channel expression, cardiomyocyte energetics and hypertrophic and fibrotic cardiac remodelling. Consideration of these developments introduces each of the articles in this Phil. Trans. B theme issue. The findings contained in these articles translate naturally into recent classifications of cardiac electrophysiological targets and drug actions, thereby encouraging future iterations of experimental cardiac electrophysiological discovery, and testing directed towards clinical management. This article is part of the theme issue 'The heartbeat: its molecular basis and physiological mechanisms'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher L.-H. Huang
- Physiological Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge CB2 3EG, UK
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QW, UK
| | - Ming Lei
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, Oxford OX1 3QT, UK
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15
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Ganipineni VDP, Gutlapalli SD, Ajay Sai Krishna Kumar I, Monica P, Vagdevi M, Samuel Sowrab T. Exploring the Potential of Energy-Based Therapeutics (Photobiomodulation/Low-Level Laser Light Therapy) in Cardiovascular Disorders: A Review and Perspective. Cureus 2023; 15:e37880. [PMID: 37214067 PMCID: PMC10199710 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.37880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Based on the review of the literature, this article examines the potential therapeutic benefits of photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) or low-level laser therapy (LLLT) for the treatment of cardiovascular disorders. The methodology involved searching PubMed, Google Scholar, and Central databases for relevant articles published from inception till date. The articles included in this review were preclinical and clinical studies investigating the effects of PBMT and LLLT on the heart. The article summarizes the findings of nineteen studies investigating the effects of PBMT and LLLT on various parameters related to heart failure (HF) and myocardial infarction (MI), including inflammation, oxidative stress, angiogenesis, cardiac function, and remodeling. The studies suggest that PBMT and LLLT have potential therapeutic benefits for the treatment of cardiovascular diseases and could be used in combination with traditional pharmacological therapies to enhance their effects or as a stand-alone treatment for patients who are not responsive to or cannot tolerate traditional therapies. In conclusion, this review article highlights the promising potential of PBMT for the treatment of HF and MI and the need for further research to fully understand its mechanisms of action and optimize treatment protocols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijay Durga Pradeep Ganipineni
- Department of General Medicine, SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Center, Chennai, IND
- Department of General Medicine, Andhra Medical College/King George Hospital, Visakhapatnam, IND
| | - Sai Dheeraj Gutlapalli
- Department of Internal Medicine, Richmond University Medical Center - Mount Sinai Health System/Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Staten Island, USA
- Internal Medicine Clinical Research, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | | | - Potru Monica
- Department of Medicine, Guntur Medical College, Guntur, IND
| | - Moparthi Vagdevi
- Department of Medicine, Dr. Pinnamaneni Siddhartha Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Foundation, Vijayawada, IND
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16
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Ringström N, Edling C, Nalesso G, Jeevaratnam K. Framing Heartaches: The Cardiac ECM and the Effects of Age. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:4713. [PMID: 36902143 PMCID: PMC10003270 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The cardiac extracellular matrix (ECM) is involved in several pathological conditions, and age itself is also associated with certain changes in the heart: it gets larger and stiffer, and it develops an increased risk of abnormal intrinsic rhythm. This, therefore, makes conditions such as atrial arrythmia more common. Many of these changes are directly related to the ECM, yet the proteomic composition of the ECM and how it changes with age is not fully resolved. The limited research progress in this field is mainly due to the intrinsic challenges in unravelling tightly bound cardiac proteomic components and also the time-consuming and costly dependency on animal models. This review aims to give an overview of the composition of the cardiac ECM, how different components aid the function of the healthy heart, how the ECM is remodelled and how it is affected by ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Kamalan Jeevaratnam
- Faculty of Health and Medical Science, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7AL, UK
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17
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Zhong C, Que D, Yu W, Chen D, Wang Y, Zhang X, Rui B, Yang Y, Hong Q, Huang G, Yang L, Yan J, Yang P. Amine oxidase copper-containing 3 aggravates cardiac remodelling by generating hydrogen peroxide after myocardial infarction. J Pathol 2023; 260:190-202. [PMID: 36825552 DOI: 10.1002/path.6075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Amine oxidase copper-containing 3 (AOC3) is a member of the semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase enzyme family. It acts as an ectoenzyme catalysing the oxidative deamination of primary amines and generating hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ). While AOC3 is implicated in cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, its role in cardiac remodelling after myocardial infarction (MI) is unclear. In this study, we first confirmed a long-term upregulation of AOC3 in both cardiac myofibroblasts after MI in vivo and angiotensin II (ANGII)-treated cardiac fibroblasts in vitro. AOC3 knockdown not only inhibited the activation of cardiac fibroblasts induced by ANGII but also alleviated cardiac fibrosis in mice after MI. By using sh-AOC3 lentiviruses, exogenous recombinant AOC3 (r-AOC3), semicarbazide (an AOC3 inhibitor) and catalase (a hydrogen peroxide scavenger) treatments, we also demonstrated that AOC3 promoted H2 O2 generation, increased oxidative stress and enhanced ERK1/2 activation, which were responsible for the activation of cardiac fibroblasts. In particular, AOC3 knockdown also improved cardiac function and hypertrophy after MI. Through a coculture system, we confirmed that AOC3 expressed on cardiac myofibroblasts was able to enhance oxidative stress and induce hypertrophy of cardiomyocytes by promoting H2 O2 generation. Similarly, r-AOC3 promoted H2 O2 generation and resulted in oxidative stress and hypertrophy of cardiomyocytes, which were almost inhibited by both semicarbazide and catalase. In conclusion, AOC3 plays a critical role in cardiac fibrosis and hypertrophy after MI by promoting the generation of H2 O2 . AOC3 is a promising therapeutic target against cardiac remodelling. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chongbin Zhong
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.,Heart Center of Zhujiang Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.,Heart Center of Zhujiang Hospital, Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Dongdong Que
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.,Heart Center of Zhujiang Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.,Heart Center of Zhujiang Hospital, Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Wenjie Yu
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.,Heart Center of Zhujiang Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.,Heart Center of Zhujiang Hospital, Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Deshu Chen
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.,Heart Center of Zhujiang Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.,Heart Center of Zhujiang Hospital, Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Yuxi Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.,Heart Center of Zhujiang Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.,Heart Center of Zhujiang Hospital, Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Xuwei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.,Heart Center of Zhujiang Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.,Heart Center of Zhujiang Hospital, Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Bowen Rui
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.,Heart Center of Zhujiang Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.,Heart Center of Zhujiang Hospital, Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Yashu Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.,Heart Center of Zhujiang Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.,Heart Center of Zhujiang Hospital, Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Qingqing Hong
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.,Heart Center of Zhujiang Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.,Heart Center of Zhujiang Hospital, Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Guanlin Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.,Heart Center of Zhujiang Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.,Heart Center of Zhujiang Hospital, Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Li Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Affiliated Zhuzhou Hospital Xiangya Medical College, Central South University, Zhuzhou, Hunan, PR China
| | - Jing Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.,Heart Center of Zhujiang Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.,Heart Center of Zhujiang Hospital, Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
| | - Pingzhen Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Laboratory of Heart Center, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.,Heart Center of Zhujiang Hospital, Guangdong Provincial Biomedical Engineering Technology Research Center for Cardiovascular Disease, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China.,Heart Center of Zhujiang Hospital, Sino-Japanese Cooperation Platform for Translational Research in Heart Failure, Guangzhou, Guangdong, PR China
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18
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Zhang Y, Steinmetz-Späh J, Idborg H, Zhu L, Li H, Rao H, Chen Z, Guo Z, Hu L, Xu C, Chen H, Korotkova M, Jakobsson PJ, Wang M. Microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 inhibition prevents adverse cardiac remodelling after myocardial infarction in mice. Br J Pharmacol 2023. [PMID: 36788645 DOI: 10.1111/bph.16061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) is a major consequence of myocardial infarction (MI). The microsomal prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1)/PGE2 pathway has been shown to constrain reperfusion injury after acute myocardial ischaemia. However, it is unknown whether pharmacological inhibition of mPGES-1, a target with lower risk of thrombosis compared with selective inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2, affects chronic cardiac remodelling after MI. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Mice were subjected to left anterior descending coronary artery ligation, followed by intraperitoneal treatment with the mPGES-1 inhibitor compound III (CIII) or 118, celecoxib (cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor) or vehicle, once daily for 28 days. Urinary prostanoid metabolites were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. KEY RESULTS Chronic administration of CIII improved cardiac function in mice after MI compared with vehicle or celecoxib. CIII did not affect thrombogenesis or blood pressure. In addition, CIII reduced infarct area, augmented scar thickness, decreased collagen I/III ratio, decreased the expression of fibrosis-related genes and increased capillary density in the ischaemic area. Shunting to urinary metabolites of PGI2 , not thromboxane B2 or PGD2 , after inhibition of mPGES-1 was positively correlated with cardiac function after MI. CIII administration significantly increased urinary PGI2 /PGE2 metabolite ratio compared to vehicle or celecoxib. The PGI2 /PGE2 metabolite ratio correlated positively with ejection fraction, fractional shortening and scar thickness. Treatment with 118 also improved cardiac function. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS Inhibition of mPGES-1 prevented chronic adverse cardiac remodelling via an augmented PGI2 /PGE2 metabolite ratio and therefore represents a potential therapeutic strategy for development of HFrEF after MI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuze Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Clinical Pharmacology Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Julia Steinmetz-Späh
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Helena Idborg
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Liyuan Zhu
- Xiamen Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Xiamen Cardiovascular Hospital, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China
| | - Huihui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Clinical Pharmacology Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Haojie Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Clinical Pharmacology Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zengrong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Clinical Pharmacology Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ziyi Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Clinical Pharmacology Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lejia Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Clinical Pharmacology Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Chuansheng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Clinical Pharmacology Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hong Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Clinical Pharmacology Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Marina Korotkova
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Per-Johan Jakobsson
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Solna, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Miao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease and Clinical Pharmacology Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.,Clinical Pharmacology Center, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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19
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Henry JA, Abdesselam I, Deal O, Lewis AJ, Rayner J, Bernard M, Dutour A, Gaborit B, Kober F, Soghomonian A, Sgromo B, Byrne J, Bege T, Neubauer S, Borlaug BA, Rider OJ. Changes in epicardial and visceral adipose tissue depots following bariatric surgery and their effect on cardiac geometry. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1092777. [PMID: 36761185 PMCID: PMC9905224 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1092777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Obesity affects cardiac geometry, causing both eccentric (due to increased cardiac output) and concentric (due to insulin resistance) remodelling. Following bariatric surgery, reversal of both processes should occur. Furthermore, epicardial adipose tissue loss following bariatric surgery may reduce pericardial restraint, allowing further chamber expansion. We investigated these changes in a serial imaging study of adipose depots and cardiac geometry following bariatric surgery. Methods 62 patients underwent cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) before and after bariatric surgery, including 36 with short-term (median 212 days), 37 medium-term (median 428 days) and 32 long-term (median 1030 days) follow-up. CMR was used to assess cardiac geometry (left atrial volume (LAV) and left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV)), LV mass (LVM) and LV eccentricity index (LVei - a marker of pericardial restraint). Abdominal visceral (VAT) and epicardial (EAT) adipose tissue were also measured. Results Patients on average had lost 21kg (38.9% excess weight loss, EWL) at 212 days and 36kg (64.7% EWL) at 1030 days following bariatric surgery. Most VAT and EAT loss (43% and 14%, p<0.0001) occurred within the first 212 days, with non-significant reductions thereafter. In the short-term LVM (7.4%), LVEDV (8.6%) and LAV (13%) all decreased (all p<0.0001), with change in cardiac output correlated with LVEDV (r=0.35,p=0.03) and LAV change (r=0.37,p=0.03). Whereas LVM continued to decrease with time (12% decrease relative to baseline at 1030 days, p<0.0001), both LAV and LVEDV had returned to baseline by 1030 days. LV mass:volume ratio (a marker of concentric hypertrophy) reached its nadir at the longest timepoint (p<0.001). At baseline, LVei correlated with baseline EAT (r=0.37,p=0.0040), and decreased significantly from 1.09 at baseline to a low of 1.04 at 428 days (p<0.0001). Furthermore, change in EAT following bariatric surgery correlated with change in LVei (r=0.43,p=0.0007). Conclusions Cardiac volumes show a biphasic response to weight loss, initially becoming smaller and then returning to pre-operative sizes by 1030 days. We propose this is due to an initial reversal of eccentric remodelling followed by reversal of concentric remodelling. Furthermore, we provide evidence for a role of EAT contributing to pericardial restraint, with EAT loss improving markers of pericardial restraint.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. A. Henry
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - I. Abdesselam
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - O. Deal
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - A. J. Lewis
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - J. Rayner
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - M. Bernard
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, CRMBM, Marseille, France
| | - A. Dutour
- Aix-Marseille Univ, APHM, INSERM, INRAE, C2VN, Department of Endocrinology, Metabolic Diseases and Nutrition, Marseille, France
| | - B. Gaborit
- Aix-Marseille Univ, APHM, INSERM, INRAE, C2VN, Department of Endocrinology, Metabolic Diseases and Nutrition, Marseille, France
| | - F. Kober
- Aix-Marseille Univ, CNRS, CRMBM, Marseille, France
| | - A. Soghomonian
- Aix-Marseille Univ, APHM, INSERM, INRAE, C2VN, Department of Endocrinology, Metabolic Diseases and Nutrition, Marseille, France
| | - B. Sgromo
- Department of Upper GI Surgery, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - J. Byrne
- Division of Surgery, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, United Kingdom
| | - T. Bege
- Aix-Marseille Univ, APHM, Department of Digestive Surgery, Hôpital Nord, Marseille, France
| | - S. Neubauer
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - B. A. Borlaug
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States
| | - O. J. Rider
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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20
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Riley ED, Kazi DS, Coffin PO, Vittinghoff E, Wade AN, Bulfone TC, Lynch KL, Atai Z, Wu AH. Impact of multiple substance use on circulating ST2, a biomarker of adverse cardiac remodelling, in women. Biomarkers 2022; 27:802-808. [PMID: 36168954 PMCID: PMC9744090 DOI: 10.1080/1354750x.2022.2129451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Cardiovascular disease (CVD) and heart failure (HF) are major causes of mortality in low-income populations and differ by sex. Risk assessment that incorporates cardiac biomarkers is common. However, research evaluating the utility of biomarkers rarely includes controlled substances, which may influence biomarker levels and thus influence CVD risk assessment. MATERIALS AND METHODS We identified the effects of multiple substances on soluble "suppression of tumorigenicity 2" (sST2), a biomarker of adverse cardiac remodelling, in 245 low-income women. Adjusting for CVD risk factors, we examined associations between substance use and sST2 over six monthly visits. RESULTS Median age was 53 years and 74% of participants were ethnic minority women. An sST2 level > 35 ng/mL (suggesting cardiac remodelling) during ≥1 study visit was observed in 44% of participants. In adjusted analysis, higher sST2 levels were significantly and positively associated with the presence of cocaine (Adjusted Linear Effect [ALE]:1.10; 95% CI:1.03-1.19), alcohol (ALE:1.10; 95% CI:1.04-1.17), heroin (ALE:1.25; 95% CI:1.10-1.43), and the interaction between heroin and fentanyl use. CONCLUSION Results suggest that the use of multiple substances influences the level of sST2, a biomarker often used to evaluate cardiovascular risk. Incorporating substance use alongside cardiac biomarkers may improve CVD risk assessment in vulnerable women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elise D. Riley
- University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Dhruv S. Kazi
- Richard A. and Susan F. Smith Center for Outcomes Research in Cardiology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Phillip O. Coffin
- University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, San Francisco, California, USA
- San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Eric Vittinghoff
- University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Amanda N. Wade
- University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Tommaso C. Bulfone
- University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Kara L. Lynch
- University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Zahra Atai
- University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases and Global Medicine, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Alan H.B. Wu
- University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine, San Francisco, California, USA
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21
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Li N, Hang W, Shu H, Zhou N. Pirfenidone alleviates cardiac fibrosis induced by pressure overload via inhibiting TGF-β1/Smad3 signalling pathway. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:4548-4555. [PMID: 35861038 PMCID: PMC9357610 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2021] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis critically injured the cardiac structure and function of the hypertensive patients. However, the anti‐fibrotic strategy is still far from satisfaction. This study aims to determine the effect and mechanism of Pirfenidone (PFD), an anti‐lung fibrosis medicine, in the treatment of cardiac fibrosis and heart failure induced by pressure overload. Male C57BL/6 mice were subjected to thoracic aorta constriction (TAC) or sham surgery with the vehicle, PFD (300 mg/kg/day) or Captopril (CAP, 20 mg/kg/day). After 8 weeks of surgery, mice were tested by echocardiography, and then sacrificed followed by morphological and molecular biological analysis. Compared to the sham mice, TAC mice showed a remarkable cardiac hypertrophy, interstitial and perivascular fibrosis and resultant heart failure, which were reversed by PFD and CAP significantly. The enhanced cardiac expression of TGF‐β1 and phosphorylation of Smad3 in TAC mice were both restrained by PFD. Cardiac fibroblasts isolated from adult C57BL/6 mice were treated by Angiotensin II, which led to significant increases in cellular proliferation and levels of α‐SMA, vimentin, TGF‐β1 and phosphorylated TGF‐β receptor and Smad3. These changes were markedly inhibited by pre‐treatment of PFD. Collectively, PFD attenuates myocardial fibrosis and dysfunction induced by pressure overload via inhibiting the activation of TGF‐β1/Smad3 signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Li
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China
| | - Weijian Hang
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China
| | - Hongyang Shu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China
| | - Ning Zhou
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.,Hubei Key Laboratory of Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Cardiological Disorders, Wuhan, China
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22
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Mohamed BA, Elkenani M, Mobarak S, Marques Rodrigues D, Annamalai K, Schnelle M, Bader M, Hasenfuss G, Toischer K. Hemodynamic stress-induced cardiac remodelling is not modulated by ablation of phosphodiesterase 4D interacting protein. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:4440-4452. [PMID: 35860864 PMCID: PMC9357604 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Adrenergic stimulation in the heart activates the protein kinase A (PKA), which phosphorylates key proteins involved in intracellular Ca2+ handling. PKA is held in proximity to its substrates by protein scaffolds, the A kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs). We have previously identified the transcript of phosphodiesterase 4D interacting protein (Pde4dip; also known as myomegalin), one of the sarcomeric AKAPs, as being differentially expressed following hemodynamic overload, a condition inducing hyperadrenergic state in the heart. Here, we addressed whether PDE4DIP is involved in the adverse cardiac remodelling following hemodynamic stress. Homozygous Pde4dip knockout (KO) mice, generated by CRISPR-Cas9 technology, and wild-type (WT) littermates were exposed to aortocaval shunt (shunt) or transthoracic aortic constriction (TAC) to induce hemodynamic volume overload (VO) or pressure overload (PO), respectively. The mortality, cardiac structure, function and pathological cardiac remodelling were followed up after hemodynamic injuries. The PDE4DIP protein level was markedly downregulated in volume-overloaded- but upregulated in pressure-overloaded-WT hearts. Following shunt or TAC, mortality rates were comparably increased in both genotypes. Twelve weeks after shunt or TAC, Pde4dip-KO animals showed a similar degree of cardiac hypertrophy, dilatation and dysfunction as WT mice. Cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, myocardial fibrosis, reactivation of cardiac stress genes and downregulation of ATPase, Ca2+ transporting, cardiac muscle, slow twitch 2 transcript did not differ between WT and Pde4dip-KO hearts following shunt or TAC. In summary, despite a differential expression of PDE4DIP protein in remodelled WT hearts, Pde4dip deficiency does not modulate adverse cardiac remodelling after hemodynamic VO or PO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belal A Mohamed
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Manar Elkenani
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Sherok Mobarak
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Daniel Marques Rodrigues
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Karthika Annamalai
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Moritz Schnelle
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Göttingen, Germany.,Department of Clinical Chemistry, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Michael Bader
- Max-Delbrück-Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC), Berlin-Buch, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Berlin, Germany.,Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gerd Hasenfuss
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Göttingen, Germany
| | - Karl Toischer
- Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), Göttingen, Germany
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23
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Prakoso D, De Blasio MJ, Tate M, Ritchie RH. Current landscape of preclinical models of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2022; 43:940-956. [PMID: 35779966 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2022.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Patients with diabetes have an increased risk of developing heart failure, preceded by (often asymptomatic) cardiac abnormalities, collectively called diabetic cardiomyopathy (DC). Diabetic heart failure lacks effective treatment, remaining an urgent, unmet clinical need. Although structural and functional characteristics of the diabetic human heart are well defined, clinical studies lack the ability to pinpoint the specific mechanisms responsible for DC. Preclinical animal models represent a vital component for understanding disease aetiology, which is essential for the discovery of new targeted treatments for diabetes-induced heart failure. In this review, we describe the current landscape of preclinical DC models (genetic, pharmacologically induced, and diet-induced models), highlighting their strengths and weaknesses and alignment to features of the human disease. Finally, we provide tools, resources, and recommendations to assist future preclinical translation addressing this knowledge gap.
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Affiliation(s)
- Darnel Prakoso
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Miles J De Blasio
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia
| | - Mitchel Tate
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia
| | - Rebecca H Ritchie
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC 3052, Australia; Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; Department of Diabetes, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia.
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24
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Benkner A, Rüdebusch J, Nath N, Hammer E, Grube K, Gross S, Dhople VM, Eckstein G, Meitinger T, Kaderali L, Völker U, Fielitz J, Felix SB. Riociguat attenuates left ventricular proteome and microRNA profile changes after experimental aortic stenosis in mice. Br J Pharmacol 2022; 179:4575-4592. [PMID: 35751875 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Development and progression of heart failure (HF) involve endothelial and myocardial dysfunction as well as a dysregulation of the nitric oxide - soluble guanylyl cyclase - cyclic guanosine monophosphate (NO-sGC-cGMP) signalling pathway. Recently, we reported that the sGC stimulator riociguat (RIO) has beneficial effects on cardiac remodelling and progression of HF in response to chronic pressure overload. Here, we examined if these favourable RIO effects are also reflected in alterations of the myocardial proteome and microRNA profiles. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH Male C57BL/6N mice underwent transverse aortic constriction (TAC) and sham operated mice served as controls. TAC and sham animals were randomised and treated with either RIO or vehicle for five weeks, starting three weeks post-surgery when cardiac hypertrophy was established. Afterwards we performed mass spectrometric proteome analyses and microRNA sequencing of proteins and RNAs, respectively, isolated from left ventricles (LV). KEY RESULTS TAC-induced changes of the LV proteome were significantly reduced by RIO treatment. Bioinformatics analyses revealed that RIO improved TAC-induced cardiovascular disease related pathways, metabolism and energy production, e.g. reversed alterations in the levels of myosin heavy chain 7 (MYH7), cardiac phospholamban (PLN), and ankyrin repeat domain-containing protein 1 (ANKRD1). RIO also attenuated TAC-induced changes of microRNA levels in the LV. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS The sGC stimulator RIO has beneficial effects on cardiac structure and function during pressure overload, which is accompanied by a reversal of TAC-induced changes of the cardiac proteome and microRNA profile. Our data support the potential of RIO as a novel HF therapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Benkner
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Greifswald, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine B, Cardiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Julia Rüdebusch
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Greifswald, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine B, Cardiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Neetika Nath
- Institute of Bioinformatics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Elke Hammer
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Greifswald, Germany.,Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Karina Grube
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Greifswald, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine B, Cardiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Stefan Gross
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Greifswald, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine B, Cardiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Vishnu M Dhople
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Greifswald, Germany.,Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Gertrud Eckstein
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Centre Munich, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Centre Munich, Neuherberg, Germany.,German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Lars Kaderali
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Greifswald, Germany.,Institute of Bioinformatics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Uwe Völker
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Greifswald, Germany.,Interfaculty Institute for Genetics and Functional Genomics, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Jens Fielitz
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Greifswald, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine B, Cardiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Stephan B Felix
- German Centre for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Greifswald, Germany.,Department of Internal Medicine B, Cardiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
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25
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Stembridge M, Perkins DR. Response to letter by Grendstad and Skattebo: Puberty, more important for cardiovascular adaptations than endurance training? J Physiol 2022; 600:2819-2821. [PMID: 35503732 DOI: 10.1113/jp283131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Mike Stembridge
- Cardiff School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, UK
| | - D R Perkins
- Cardiff School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, Cardiff, UK
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26
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Martens P, Dupont M, Dauw J, Nijst P, Tang WHW, Mullens W. The effect of Intravenous ferric-carboxymaltose on right ventricular function - insights from the IRON-CRT trial. Eur J Heart Fail 2022; 24:1106-1113. [PMID: 35303390 DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.2489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 03/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ferric carboxymaltose (FCM) improves left ventricular (LV) function in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Yet, the effect of FCM on right ventricular (RV) function remains insufficiently elucidated. METHODS This is a predefined analysis of the IRON-CRT trial in which symptomatic HFrEF patients with iron deficiency and reduced LV ejection (LVEF) despite optimal medical therapy and cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) underwent 1:1-randomization to FCM or placebo in a double blind fashion. RV function was measured as the change from baseline to 3-month follow-up of RV fractional area change (FAC), TAPSE and RV S', systolic pulmonary artery pressure (SPAP) and its coupling to the RV (TAPSE/SPAP-ratio). The RV-contractile reserve was measured as the change in TAPSE during incremental pacing at 70, 90 and 110 Bpm. RESULTS A total of 75 patients underwent randomization and received FCM(n= 37) or placebo(n=38). At baseline 72.5% had RV dysfunction and 70% had RV dilatation. At 3-month follow-up patients receiving FCM had a significant improvement in RV FAC (Placebo=-2.2%[-4.9%-+0.6%] vs FCM=+4.1%[+1.4%-+6.9%], p=0.002) and TAPSE (placebo=-0.19mm[-0.85mm-+0.48mm] vs FCM=+0.98mm[+0.28mm-+1.62mm], p=0.020), but not RV S'. Patients receiving FCM had a numerically lower SPAP (p=0.073) and significant improvement in TAPSE/SPAP-ratio (placebo= +0.002[-0.046-+0.051] vs FCM= +0.097[+0.048-+0.146], p=0.008). At baseline both groups had diminished RV-contractile reserve during incremental pacing, which was attenuated at 3-month follow-up in the FCM group (p=0.004). Patients manifesting more RV function improvement were more likely to exhibit higher degrees of LVEF-improvement (p<0.05 for all). CONCLUSIONS Treatment with FCM in HFrEF patients results in an improvement in RV function and structure and improves the RV-contractile reserve.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pieter Martens
- Department of cardiovascular medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Department of Cardiology, Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg, Genk, Belgium
| | - Matthias Dupont
- Department of Cardiology, Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg, Genk, Belgium
| | - Jeroen Dauw
- Department of Cardiology, Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg, Genk, Belgium
| | - Petra Nijst
- Department of Cardiology, Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg, Genk, Belgium
| | - W H Wilson Tang
- Department of cardiovascular medicine, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Wilfried Mullens
- Department of Cardiology, Ziekenhuis Oost-Limburg, Genk, Belgium.,Data science institute, Centrum for statistics (CenStat), University Hasselt
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27
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Abstract
New Findings What is the topic of this review? Studies using cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging and echocardiography to investigate cardiac alterations at rest and during exercise‐induced physiological stress in adults born preterm. What advances does it highlight? People born preterm have a greater long‐term cardiovascular risk, which may be explained in part by their cardiac structural and functional alterations. They have potentially adverse alterations in left and right ventricular structure and function that worsens with blood pressure elevation; an impaired myocardial functional reserve; and an increase in diffuse myocardial fibrosis that may drive their lower diastolic function.
Abstract Preterm birth accounts for more than 10% of births worldwide and associates with a long‐term increase in cardiovascular disease risk. The period around preterm birth is a rapid and critical phase of cardiovascular development, which might explain why changes in multiple components of the cardiovascular system have been observed in individuals born preterm. These alterations include reduced microvascular density, increased macrovascular stiffness, and higher systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Cardiac alterations have been observed in people born preterm as early as neonatal life and infancy, with potentially adverse changes in both left and right ventricular structure and function extending into adulthood. Indeed, studies using cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging and echocardiography have demonstrated that preterm‐born individuals have structural cardiac changes and functional impairments. Furthermore, myocardial tissue characterization by cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging has demonstrated an increase in left ventricular diffuse myocardial fibrosis in young adults born preterm, and under acute physiological stress, their myocardial functional reserve assessed by echocardiography is reduced. The preterm heart is also more susceptible to chronic systolic blood pressure elevation, with a significantly greater increase in left ventricular mass as systolic blood pressure rises observed in preterm‐born compared to term‐born young adults. Given these known, potentially adverse acute and chronic cardiac adaptations in the preterm‐born population, primary prevention strategies are needed to reduce long‐term cardiovascular disease risk in this subgroup of the population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adam J Lewandowski
- Oxford Cardiovascular Clinical Research Facility, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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28
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Ni Y, Deng J, Bai H, Liu C, Liu X, Wang X. CaMKII inhibitor KN-93 impaired angiogenesis and aggravated cardiac remodelling and heart failure via inhibiting NOX2/mtROS/p-VEGFR2 and STAT3 pathways. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 26:312-325. [PMID: 34845819 PMCID: PMC8743652 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2021] [Revised: 11/04/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistent cardiac Ca2+/calmodulin‐dependent Kinase II (CaMKII) activation was considered to promote heart failure (HF) development, some studies believed that CaMKII was a target for therapy of HF. However, CaMKII was an important mediator for the ischaemia‐induced coronary angiogenesis, and new evidence confirmed that angiogenesis inhibited cardiac remodelling and improved heart function, and some conditions which impaired angiogenesis aggravated ventricular remodelling. This study aimed to investigate the roles and the underlying mechanisms of CaMKII inhibitor in cardiac remodelling. First, we induced cardiac remodelling rat model by ISO, pre‐treated by CaMKII inhibitor KN‐93, evaluated heart function by echocardiography measurements, and performed HE staining, Masson staining, Tunel staining, Western blot and RT‐PCR to test cardiac remodelling and myocardial microvessel density; we also observed ultrastructure of cardiac tissue with transmission electron microscope. Second, we cultured HUVECs, pre‐treated by ISO and KN‐93, detected cell proliferation, migration, tubule formation and apoptosis, and carried out Western blot to determine the expression of NOX2, NOX4, VEGF, VEGFR2, p‐VEGFR2 and STAT3; mtROS level was also measured. In vivo, we found KN‐93 severely reduced myocardial microvessel density, caused apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells, enhanced cardiac hypertrophy, myocardial apoptosis, collagen deposition, aggravated the deterioration of myocardial ultrastructure and heart function. In vitro, KN‐93 inhibited HUVECs proliferation, migration and tubule formation, and promoted apoptosis of HUVECs. The expression of NOX2, NOX4, p‐VEGFR2 and STAT3 were down‐regulated by KN‐93; mtROS level was severely reduced by KN‐93. We concluded that KN‐93 impaired angiogenesis and aggravated cardiac remodelling and heart failure via inhibiting NOX2/mtROS/p‐VEGFR2 and STAT3 pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yajuan Ni
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Jie Deng
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Hongyuan Bai
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Xiaofang Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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29
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Engvall JE, Aneq MÅ, Nylander E, Brudin L, Maret E. Moderately trained male football players, compared to sedentary male adults, exhibit anatomical but not functional cardiac remodelling, a cross-sectional study. Cardiovasc Ultrasound 2021; 19:36. [PMID: 34758817 PMCID: PMC8582134 DOI: 10.1186/s12947-021-00263-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Elite athletes have been the subject of great interest, but athletes at an intermediate level of physical activity have received less attention in respect to the presence of cardiac enlargement and/or hypertrophy. We hypothesized that playing football, often defined as demanding less endurance components than running or cycling, would still induce remodelling similar to sports with a dominating endurance component. Methods 23 male football players, age 25+/− 3.9 yrs. underwent exercise testing, 2D- and 3D- echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR). The results were compared with a control group of engineering students of similar age. The athletes exercised 12 h/week and the control subjects 1 h/week, p < 0.001. Results The football players achieved a significantly higher maximal load at the exercise test (380 W vs 300 W, p < 0.001) as well as higher calculated maximal oxygen consumption, (49.7 vs 37.4 mL x kg− 1 x min− 1, p < 0.001) compared to the sedentary group. All left ventricular (LV) volumes assessed by 3DEcho and CMR, as well as CMR left atrial (LA) volume were significantly higher in the athletes (3D-LVEDV 200 vs 154 mL, CMR-LVEDV 229 vs 185 mL, CMR-LA volume 100 vs 89 mL, p < 0.001, p = 0.002 and p = 0.009 respectively). LVEF and RVEF, LV strain by CMR or by echo did not differentiate athletes from sedentary participants. Right ventricular (RV) longitudinal strain, LA and right atrial (RA) strain by CMR all showed similar results in the two groups. Conclusion Moderately trained intermediate level football players showed anatomical but not functional cardiac remodelling compared to sedentary males. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12947-021-00263-0.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan E Engvall
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden.,CMIV - Center for Medical Image Science and Visualization, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden
| | - Meriam Åström Aneq
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden
| | - Eva Nylander
- Department of Clinical Physiology and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden
| | - Lars Brudin
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Kalmar County Hospital and Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linkoping University, Linkoping, Sweden
| | - Eva Maret
- Department of Clinical Physiology, Karolinska Institutet, and Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
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30
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Tate M, Perera N, Prakoso D, Willis AM, Deo M, Oseghale O, Qian H, Donner DG, Kiriazis H, De Blasio MJ, Gregorevic P, Ritchie RH. Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7 Gene Delivery Improves Cardiac Structure and Function in a Murine Model of Diabetic Cardiomyopathy. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:719290. [PMID: 34690762 PMCID: PMC8532155 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.719290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is a major contributor to the increasing burden of heart failure prevalence globally, at least in part due to a disease process termed diabetic cardiomyopathy. Diabetic cardiomyopathy is characterised by cardiac structural changes that are caused by chronic exposure to the diabetic milieu. These structural changes are a major cause of left ventricular (LV) wall stiffness and the development of LV dysfunction. In the current study, we investigated the therapeutic potential of a cardiac-targeted bone morphogenetic protein 7 (BMP7) gene therapy, administered once diastolic dysfunction was present, mimicking the timeframe in which clinical management of the cardiomyopathy would likely be desired. Following 18 weeks of untreated diabetes, mice were administered with a single tail-vein injection of recombinant adeno-associated viral vector (AAV), containing the BMP7 gene, or null vector. Our data demonstrated, after 8 weeks of treatment, that rAAV6-BMP7 treatment exerted beneficial effects on LV functional and structural changes. Importantly, diabetes-induced LV dysfunction was significantly attenuated by a single administration of rAAV6-BMP7. This was associated with a reduction in cardiac fibrosis, cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and cardiomyocyte apoptosis. In conclusion, BMP7 gene therapy limited pathological remodelling in the diabetic heart, conferring an improvement in cardiac function. These findings provide insight for the potential development of treatment strategies urgently needed to delay or reverse LV pathological remodelling in the diabetic heart.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mitchel Tate
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Heart Failure Pharmacology, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Nimna Perera
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Heart Failure Pharmacology, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Darnel Prakoso
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Heart Failure Pharmacology, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,School of Biosciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrew M Willis
- Heart Failure Pharmacology, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Minh Deo
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Heart Failure Pharmacology, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Osezua Oseghale
- Heart Failure Pharmacology, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Hongwei Qian
- Centre for Muscle Research, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Daniel G Donner
- Preclinical Microsurgery and Imaging, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Cardiometabolic Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Helen Kiriazis
- Preclinical Microsurgery and Imaging, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Cardiometabolic Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Miles J De Blasio
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Heart Failure Pharmacology, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,School of Biosciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Paul Gregorevic
- Centre for Muscle Research, Department of Anatomy and Physiology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.,Department of Neurology, The University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Rebecca H Ritchie
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Parkville, VIC, Australia.,Heart Failure Pharmacology, Baker Heart and Diabetes Institute, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.,Department of Pharmacology, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
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31
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Zhang X, Zheng C, Gao Z, Wang L, Chen C, Zheng Y, Meng Y. PKM2 promotes angiotensin-II-induced cardiac remodelling by activating TGF-β/Smad2/3 and Jak2/Stat3 pathways through oxidative stress. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:10711-10723. [PMID: 34687136 PMCID: PMC8581335 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertensive cardiac remodelling is a common cause of heart failure. However, the molecular mechanisms regulating cardiac remodelling remain unclear. Pyruvate kinase isozyme type M2 (PKM2) is a key regulator of the processes of glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation, but the roles in cardiac remodelling remain unknown. In the present study, we found that PKM2 was enhanced in angiotensin II (Ang II)-treated cardiac fibroblasts and hypertensive mouse hearts. Suppression of PKM2 by shikonin alleviated cardiomyocyte hypertrophy and fibrosis in Ang-II-induced cardiac remodelling in vivo. Furthermore, inhibition of PKM2 markedly attenuated the function of cardiac fibroblasts including proliferation, migration and collagen synthesis in vitro. Mechanistically, suppression of PKM2 inhibited cardiac remodelling by suppressing TGF-β/Smad2/3, Jak2/Stat3 signalling pathways and oxidative stress. Together, this study suggests that PKM2 is an aggravator in Ang-II-mediated cardiac remodelling. The negative modulation of PKM2 may provide a promising therapeutic approach for hypertensive cardiac remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiyu Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Lab for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine, Department of Pathology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Cuiting Zheng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Lab for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine, Department of Pathology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenqiang Gao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Lab for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine, Department of Pathology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lingling Wang
- Department of Pathology, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Chen
- China-America Institute of Neuroscience, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zheng
- Department of Pharmacology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Meng
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Metabolic Disorders Related Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing Lab for Cardiovascular Precision Medicine, Department of Pathology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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32
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Amoni M, Dries E, Ingelaere S, Vermoortele D, Roderick HL, Claus P, Willems R, Sipido KR. Ventricular Arrhythmias in Ischemic Cardiomyopathy-New Avenues for Mechanism-Guided Treatment. Cells 2021; 10:2629. [PMID: 34685609 PMCID: PMC8534043 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ischemic heart disease is the most common cause of lethal ventricular arrhythmias and sudden cardiac death (SCD). In patients who are at high risk after myocardial infarction, implantable cardioverter defibrillators are the most effective treatment to reduce incidence of SCD and ablation therapy can be effective for ventricular arrhythmias with identifiable culprit lesions. Yet, these approaches are not always successful and come with a considerable cost, while pharmacological management is often poor and ineffective, and occasionally proarrhythmic. Advances in mechanistic insights of arrhythmias and technological innovation have led to improved interventional approaches that are being evaluated clinically, yet pharmacological advancement has remained behind. We review the mechanistic basis for current management and provide a perspective for gaining new insights that centre on the complex tissue architecture of the arrhythmogenic infarct and border zone with surviving cardiac myocytes as the source of triggers and central players in re-entry circuits. Identification of the arrhythmia critical sites and characterisation of the molecular signature unique to these sites can open avenues for targeted therapy and reduce off-target effects that have hampered systemic pharmacotherapy. Such advances are in line with precision medicine and a patient-tailored therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Amoni
- Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (M.A.); (E.D.); (S.I.); (H.L.R.); (R.W.)
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town 7935, South Africa
| | - Eef Dries
- Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (M.A.); (E.D.); (S.I.); (H.L.R.); (R.W.)
| | - Sebastian Ingelaere
- Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (M.A.); (E.D.); (S.I.); (H.L.R.); (R.W.)
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Dylan Vermoortele
- Imaging and Cardiovascular Dynamics, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (D.V.); (P.C.)
| | - H. Llewelyn Roderick
- Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (M.A.); (E.D.); (S.I.); (H.L.R.); (R.W.)
| | - Piet Claus
- Imaging and Cardiovascular Dynamics, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (D.V.); (P.C.)
| | - Rik Willems
- Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (M.A.); (E.D.); (S.I.); (H.L.R.); (R.W.)
- Division of Cardiology, University Hospitals Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Karin R. Sipido
- Experimental Cardiology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium; (M.A.); (E.D.); (S.I.); (H.L.R.); (R.W.)
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Puchałowicz K, Kłoda K, Dziedziejko V, Rać M, Wojtarowicz A, Chlubek D, Safranow K. Association of Adiponectin, Leptin and Resistin Plasma Concentrations with Echocardiographic Parameters in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11101774. [PMID: 34679472 PMCID: PMC8534895 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11101774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The imbalanced network of adipokines may contribute to the development of systemic low-grade inflammation, metabolic diseases and coronary artery disease (CAD). In the last decade, three classic adipokines—adiponectin, leptin and resistin—have been of particular interest in studies of patients with CAD due to their numerous properties in relation to the cardiovascular system. This has directed our attention to the association of adipokines with cardiac structure and function and the development of heart failure (HF), a common end effect of CAD. Thus, the purpose of this study was to analyse the associations of plasma concentrations of adiponectin, leptin and resistin with parameters assessed in the echocardiographic examinations of CAD patients. The presented study enrolled 167 Caucasian patients (133 male; 34 female) with CAD. Anthropometric, echocardiographic and basic biochemical measurements, together with plasma concentrations of adiponectin, leptin and resistin assays, were performed in each patient. Adiponectin concentrations were negatively associated with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and shortening fraction (LVSF), and positively associated with mitral valve E/A ratio (E/A), left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV), left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD), left ventricular end-systolic diameter LVESD, and left atrium diameter (LAD). Resistin concentrations were negatively associated with E/A. Leptin concentrations, although correlated with HF severity assessed by the New York Heart Association (NYHA) Functional Classification, were not independently associated with the echocardiographic parameters of cardiac structure or function. In conclusion, adiponectin and resistin, but not leptin, are associated with the echocardiographic parameters of cardiac remodelling and dysfunction. These associations suggest that adiponectin and resistin might be involved in mechanisms of cardiac remodelling or compensative response. We also suggest the possible benefits of adiponectin and resistin level measurements in the monitoring of patients with CAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamila Puchałowicz
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, 70111 Szczecin, Poland; (V.D.); (M.R.); (D.C.); (K.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-91-4661515; Fax: +48-91-4661516
| | | | - Violetta Dziedziejko
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, 70111 Szczecin, Poland; (V.D.); (M.R.); (D.C.); (K.S.)
| | - Monika Rać
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, 70111 Szczecin, Poland; (V.D.); (M.R.); (D.C.); (K.S.)
| | - Andrzej Wojtarowicz
- Department of Cardiology, Pomeranian Medical University, 70111 Szczecin, Poland;
| | - Dariusz Chlubek
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, 70111 Szczecin, Poland; (V.D.); (M.R.); (D.C.); (K.S.)
| | - Krzysztof Safranow
- Department of Biochemistry and Medical Chemistry, Pomeranian Medical University, 70111 Szczecin, Poland; (V.D.); (M.R.); (D.C.); (K.S.)
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34
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Nie C, Zou R, Pan S, A R, Gao Y, Yang H, Bai J, Xi S, Wang X, Hong X, Yang W. Hydrogen gas inhalation ameliorates cardiac remodelling and fibrosis by regulating NLRP3 inflammasome in myocardial infarction rats. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:8997-9010. [PMID: 34402164 PMCID: PMC8435412 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 07/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
It is noteworthy that prolonged cardiac structural changes and excessive fibrosis caused by myocardial infarction (MI) seriously interfere with the treatment of heart failure in clinical practice. Currently, there are no effective and practical means of either prevention or treatment. Thus, novel therapeutic approaches are critical for the long‐term quality of life of individuals with myocardial ischaemia. Herein, we aimed to explore the protective effect of H2, a novel gas signal molecule with anti‐oxidative stress and anti‐inflammatory effects, on cardiac remodelling and fibrosis in MI rats, and to explore its possible mechanism. First, we successfully established MI model rats, which were then exposed to H2 inhalation with 2% concentration for 28 days (3 hours/day). The results showed that hydrogen gas can significantly improve cardiac function and reduce the area of cardiac fibrosis. In vitro experiments further proved that H2 can reduce the hypoxia‐induced damage to cardiomyocytes and alleviate angiotensin II‐induced migration and activation of cardiac fibroblasts. In conclusion, herein, we illustrated for the first time that inhalation of H2 ameliorates myocardial infarction‐induced cardiac remodelling and fibrosis in MI rats and exert its protective effect mainly through inhibiting NLRP3‐mediated pyroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaoqun Nie
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Rentong Zou
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shuang Pan
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Rong A
- NHC and CAMS Key Laboratory of Molecular Probe and Targeted Theranostics, Molecular Imaging Research Center (MIRC, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Yunan Gao
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Hongxiao Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Juncai Bai
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Shuiqing Xi
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xue Wang
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Xiaojian Hong
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
| | - Wei Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, China
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Le TT, Lim V, Ibrahim R, Teo MT, Bryant J, Ang B, Su B, Aw TC, Lee CH, Bax J, Cook S, Chin CWL. The remodelling index risk stratifies patients with hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2021; 22:670-679. [PMID: 32255186 PMCID: PMC8110315 DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/jeaa040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2019] [Revised: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims Hypertensive left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is associated with increased cardiovascular events. We previously developed the remodelling index (RI) that incorporated left ventricular (LV) volume and wall-thickness in a single measure of advanced hypertrophy in hypertensive patients. This study examined the prognostic potential of the RI in reference to contemporary LVH classifications. Methods and results Cardiovascular magnetic resonance was performed in 400 asymptomatic hypertensive patients. The newly derived RI (EDV3t, where EDV is LV end-diastolic volume and t is the maximal wall thickness across 16 myocardial segments) stratified hypertensive patients: no LVH, LVH with normal RI (LVHNormal-RI), and LVH with low RI (LVHLow-RI). The primary outcome was a composite of all-cause mortality, acute coronary syndromes, strokes, and decompensated heart failure. LVHLow-RI was associated with increased LV mass index, fibrosis burden, impaired myocardial function and elevated biochemical markers of myocardial injury (high-sensitive cardiac troponin I), and wall stress. Over 18.3 ± 7.0 months (601.3 patient-years), 14 adverse events occurred (2.2 events/100 patient-years). Patients with LVHLow-RI had more than a five-fold increase in adverse events compared to those with LVHNormal-RI (11.6 events/100 patient-years vs. 2.0 events/100 patient-years, respectively; log-rank P < 0.001). The RI provided incremental prognostic value over and above a model consisting of clinical variables, LVH and concentricity; and predicted adverse events independent of clinical variables, LVH, and other prognostic markers. Concentric and eccentric LVH were associated with adverse prognosis (log-rank P = 0.62) that was similar to the natural history of hypertensive LVH (5.1 events/100 patient-years). Conclusion The RI provides prognostic value that improves risk stratification of hypertensive LVH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thu-Thao Le
- Department of Cardiology, National Heart Center Singapore, Singapore.,Cardiovascular ACP, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Vanessa Lim
- Department of Cardiology, National Heart Center Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rositaa Ibrahim
- Department of Cardiology, National Heart Center Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Radiology, Penang General Hospital, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Muh-Tyng Teo
- Department of Cardiology, National Heart Center Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jennifer Bryant
- Department of Cardiology, National Heart Center Singapore, Singapore
| | - Briana Ang
- Department of Cardiology, National Heart Center Singapore, Singapore
| | - Boyang Su
- Department of Cardiology, National Heart Center Singapore, Singapore
| | - Tar-Choon Aw
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Changi General Hospital, Singapore
| | - Chi-Hang Lee
- Department of Cardiology, National Heart Center Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jeroen Bax
- Faculty in Medicine, Leiden University, the Netherlands
| | - Stuart Cook
- Department of Cardiology, National Heart Center Singapore, Singapore.,Cardiovascular ACP, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Calvin W L Chin
- Department of Cardiology, National Heart Center Singapore, Singapore.,Cardiovascular ACP, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
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36
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Trachsel LD, David LP, Gayda M, Boidin M, Lalongé J, Juneau M, Nigam A, Henri C. Impact of aerobic training periodisation on global and regional right ventricular strain in coronary heart disease. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2021; 46:1502-1509. [PMID: 34310883 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2021-0055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Linear aerobic training periodisation (LP) is recommended for patients with coronary heart disease (CHD). However, the effects of training periodisation on the right heart mechanics in patients with CHD have never been examined. This study aimed to explore the effects of LP and non-linear periodisation (NLP) on right heart mechanics. We prospectively randomised CHD patients to 12 weeks of aerobic training with LP or NLP. While there was a weekly increase in energy expenditure with LP, there was a steeper increase during the first 3 weeks, followed by a decrease in the fourth week with NLP. Echocardiography was performed at baseline and after the training period to assess the right ventricular free wall (RVFW) and right atrial strain. Thirty patients with CHD were included (NLP, n = 16; LP, n = 14). The traditional right and left heart parameters showed no significant time effects. There was a decrease of RVFW strain with time in both groups (+1.3 ± 0.9% with NLP, and +1.5 ± 0.8% with LP; p = 0.033). Mid-ventricular RVFW strain changed significantly with time (+2.0 ± 1.3% with NLP, and from +2.3 ± 1.2% with LP; p = 0.025). There was no time effect on the right atrial strain. In stable CHD patients, LP and NLP resulted in right ventricular strain decrements with a segment-specific pattern. This study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (identifier number: NCT03414996). Novelty: In stable coronary heart disease patients, both linear and non-linear aerobic training periodisation programs result in right ventricular strain decrements with time, particularly in the mid-ventricular segment. Traditional right and left heart parameters and right atrial strain showed no significant time effect in both 12 weeks aerobic training periodisation programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas D Trachsel
- Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation (ÉPIC) Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,University Clinic for Cardiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Louis-Philippe David
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Mathieu Gayda
- Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation (ÉPIC) Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Maxime Boidin
- Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation (ÉPIC) Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,School of Kinesiology & Exercise Science, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Julie Lalongé
- Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation (ÉPIC) Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Martin Juneau
- Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation (ÉPIC) Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Anil Nigam
- Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation (ÉPIC) Center, Montreal Heart Institute and Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Christine Henri
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.,Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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37
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Zhang C, Li N, Suo M, Zhang C, Liu J, Liu L, Qi Y, Zheng X, Xie L, Hu Y, Bu P. Sirtuin 3 deficiency aggravates angiotensin II-induced hypertensive cardiac injury by the impairment of lymphangiogenesis. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:7760-7771. [PMID: 34180125 PMCID: PMC8358873 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Lymphangiogenesis is possibly capable of attenuating hypertension‐induced cardiac injury. Sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) is an effective mitochondrial deacetylase that has the potential to modulate this process; however, its role in hypertension‐induced cardiac lymphangiogenesis to date has not been investigated. Our experiments were performed on 8‐week‐old wild‐type (WT), SIRT3 knockout (SIRT3‐KO) and SIRT3 overexpression (SIRT3‐LV) mice infused with angiotensin II (Ang II) (1000 ng/kg per minute) or saline for 28 days. After Ang II infusion, SIRT3‐KO mice developed a more severe cardiac remodelling, less lymphatic capillaries and lower expression of lymphatic marker when compared to wild‐type mice. In comparison, SIRT3‐LV restored lymphangiogenesis and attenuated cardiac injury. Furthermore, lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs) exposed to Ang II in vitro exhibited decreased migration and proliferation. Silencing SIRT3 induced functional decrease in LECs, while SIRT3 overexpression LECs facilitated. Moreover, SIRT3 may up‐regulate lymphangiogenesis by affecting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 3 (VEGFR3) and ERK pathway. These findings suggest that SIRT3 could promote lymphangiogenesis and attenuate hypertensive cardiac injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Na Li
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Mengying Suo
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Chunmei Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jing Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lingxin Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yan Qi
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Xuehui Zheng
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Lin Xie
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yang Hu
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Peili Bu
- The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, The State and Shandong Province Joint Key Laboratory of Translational Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Cardiology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, China
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38
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Zheng P, Ding Y, Lu F, Liu N, Wu H, Bian Z, Chen X, Yang D. Atorvastatin reverses high cholesterol-induced cardiac remodelling and regulates mitochondrial quality-control in a cholesterol-independent manner: An experimental study. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2021; 48:1150-1161. [PMID: 33891707 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2020] [Revised: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria are key regulators of cell fate, maintaining self-stability by a fine-tuned quality-control network including mitophagy, biogenesis, fission and fusion processes. Myocardial mitochondria can be impaired by hypercholesterolemia. Statins, such as atorvastatin, are considered the cornerstone in the management of hypercholesterolaemia primarily due to their marked cholesterol-lowering ability. The direct effect of atorvastatin on myocardial mitochondria remains unclear. We aimed to explore whether atorvastatin could attenuate myocardial mitochondrial defects induced by high cholesterol, and whether cycloastragenol, a potent telomerase activator, could be used as a potential complementary bioactive compound for obesity and hypercholesterolaemia treatment. We found that atorvastatin at a low dose (3 mg/kg) did not reduce elevated serum cholesterol, but reversed cardiac remodelling and dysfunction in C57BL/6J mice fed with high-fat diet (HFD). Atorvastatin reversed the upregulated mitophagy, mitochondrial fission and fusion, accompanied by mitochondrial biogenesis activation in HFD-fed mice hearts. Mitochondrial structural impairments were attenuated by atorvastatin in HFD-fed mice and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) exposed HL-1 cardiomyocytes. The depolarized mitochondrial membrane potential and increased mitochondrial oxygen consumption rates in ox-LDL exposed HL-1 cells were recovered by atorvastatin. Furthermore, atorvastatin co-treated with cycloastragenol had better effects on reducing body weight, improving cardiac remodelling and dysfunction, and protecting mitochondria in high cholesterol. Conclusively, low-dose atorvastatin exhibited a cholesterol-independent cardioprotective effect through improving the mitochondrial quality-control network and repairing mitochondrial ultrastructure in high cholesterol. Atorvastatin plus cycloastragenol supplement therapy has a better effect on treating obesity and hypercholesterolaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zheng
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanzi Ding
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Feiyan Lu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Nannan Liu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hengfang Wu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhiping Bian
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiangjian Chen
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Di Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Science and Technology Office, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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39
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Adamcova M, Kawano I, Simko F. The Impact of microRNAs in Renin-Angiotensin-System-Induced Cardiac Remodelling. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4762. [PMID: 33946230 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 04/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Current knowledge on the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) indicates its central role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular remodelling via both hemodynamic alterations and direct growth and the proliferation effects of angiotensin II or aldosterone resulting in the hypertrophy of cardiomyocytes, the proliferation of fibroblasts, and inflammatory immune cell activation. The noncoding regulatory microRNAs has recently emerged as a completely novel approach to the study of the RAS. A growing number of microRNAs serve as mediators and/or regulators of RAS-induced cardiac remodelling by directly targeting RAS enzymes, receptors, signalling molecules, or inhibitors of signalling pathways. Specifically, microRNAs that directly modulate pro-hypertrophic, pro-fibrotic and pro-inflammatory signalling initiated by angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1R) stimulation are of particular relevance in mediating the cardiovascular effects of the RAS. The aim of this review is to summarize the current knowledge in the field that is still in the early stage of preclinical investigation with occasionally conflicting reports. Understanding the big picture of microRNAs not only aids in the improved understanding of cardiac response to injury but also leads to better therapeutic strategies utilizing microRNAs as biomarkers, therapeutic agents and pharmacological targets.
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40
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Stewart L, Turner NA. Channelling the Force to Reprogram the Matrix: Mechanosensitive Ion Channels in Cardiac Fibroblasts. Cells 2021; 10:990. [PMID: 33922466 PMCID: PMC8145896 DOI: 10.3390/cells10050990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac fibroblasts (CF) play a pivotal role in preserving myocardial function and integrity of the heart tissue after injury, but also contribute to future susceptibility to heart failure. CF sense changes to the cardiac environment through chemical and mechanical cues that trigger changes in cellular function. In recent years, mechanosensitive ion channels have been implicated as key modulators of a range of CF functions that are important to fibrotic cardiac remodelling, including cell proliferation, myofibroblast differentiation, extracellular matrix turnover and paracrine signalling. To date, seven mechanosensitive ion channels are known to be functional in CF: the cation non-selective channels TRPC6, TRPM7, TRPV1, TRPV4 and Piezo1, and the potassium-selective channels TREK-1 and KATP. This review will outline current knowledge of these mechanosensitive ion channels in CF, discuss evidence of the mechanosensitivity of each channel, and detail the role that each channel plays in cardiac remodelling. By better understanding the role of mechanosensitive ion channels in CF, it is hoped that therapies may be developed for reducing pathological cardiac remodelling.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Neil A. Turner
- Discovery and Translational Science Department, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK;
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Jin Z, Xia F, Dong J, Lin T, Cai Y, Chen J, Chen X, Huang Z, Wang Q, Chen H, Zhang J. Omentin-1 attenuates glucocorticoid-induced cardiac injury by phosphorylating GSK3β. J Mol Endocrinol 2021; 66:273-283. [PMID: 33739937 DOI: 10.1530/jme-20-0236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Glucocorticoid excess often causes a variety of cardiovascular complications, including hypertension, atherosclerosis, and cardiac hypertrophy. To abrogate its cardiac side effects, it is necessary to fully disclose the pathophysiological role of glucocorticoid in cardiac remodelling. Previous clinical and experimental studies have found that omentin-1, one of the adipokines, has beneficial effects in cardiovascular diseases, and is closely associated with metabolic disorders. However, there is no evidence to address the potential role of omentin-1 in glucocorticoid excess-induced cardiac injuries. To uncover the links, the present study utilized rat model with glucocorticoid-induced cardiac injuries and clinical patients with abnormal cardiac function. Chronic administration of glucocorticoid excess reduced rat serum omentin-1 concentration, which closely correlated with cardiac functional parameters. Intravenous administration of adeno-associated virus encoding omentin-1 upregulated the circulating omentin-1 level and attenuated glucocorticoid excess-induced cardiac hypertrophy and functional disorders. Overexpression of omentin-1 also improved cardiac mitochondrial function, including the reduction of lipid deposits, induction of mitochondrial biogenesis, and enhanced mitochondrial activities. Mechanistically, omentin-1 phosphorylated and activated the GSK3β pathway in the heart. From a study of 28 patients with Cushing's syndrome and 23 healthy subjects, the plasma level of glucocorticoid was negatively correlated with omentin-1, and was positively associated with cardiac ejection fraction and fractional shortening. Collectively, the present study provided a novel role of omentin-1 in glucocorticoid excess-induced cardiac injuries and found that the omentin-1/GSK3β pathway was a potential therapeutic target in combating the side effects of glucocorticoid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhousheng Jin
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Fangfang Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jiaojiao Dong
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Tingting Lin
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Yaoyao Cai
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jiali Chen
- Wenzhou Medical University, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xixi Chen
- Wenzhou Medical University, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhenyang Huang
- Wenzhou Medical University, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Quanguang Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hongfei Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Junkai Zhang
- Department of Pain Treatment, the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Province, China
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42
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Prieto Ramos J, Corda A, Swift S, Saderi L, De La Fuente Oliver G, Corcoran B, Summers KM, French AT. Clinical and Echocardiographic Findings in an Aged Population of Cavalier King Charles Spaniels. Animals (Basel) 2021; 11:ani11040949. [PMID: 33800666 PMCID: PMC8065390 DOI: 10.3390/ani11040949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) is the most common cardiac disease in dogs. It varies from dogs without clinical signs to those developing left-sided congestive heart failure, leading to death. Cavalier King Charles Spaniels (CKCSs) are particularly susceptible to MMVD. We hypothesised that within the elderly CKCS population, there is a sub-cohort of MMVD-affected dogs that do not have cardiac remodelling. The objectives of the present study were (i) to determine the prevalence and the degree of cardiac remodelling associated with MMVD; and (ii) assess the effect of age, gender, and body weight on echocardiographic status in a population of aged CKCSs. A total of 126 CKCSs ≥ 8 years old were prospectively included. They all had a physical and echocardiographic examination. A systolic murmur was detected in 89% of dogs; the presence of clinical signs was reported in 19% of them; and echocardiographic evidence of MMVD was described in 100%. Despite the high prevalence, 44.4% of the dogs were clear of echocardiographic signs of cardiac remodelling. Age was significantly associated with the presence and severity of cardiac remodelling and mitral valve prolapse. Our results showed that a proportion of elderly CKCS with confirmed MMVD did not undergo advanced stages of this pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrea Corda
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-3494381468
| | - Simon Swift
- College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32608, USA;
| | - Laura Saderi
- Department of Medical, Surgical and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy;
| | | | - Brendan Corcoran
- Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Medicine, Easter Bush Campus, University of Edinburgh, Midlothian EH25 9RG, UK;
| | - Kim M. Summers
- Translational Research Institute, Mater Research Institute-University of Queensland, 37 Kent St, Wooloongabba, QLD 4102, Australia;
| | - Anne T. French
- School of Veterinary Medicine, Ross University, Two mile hill st., Michael BB11093, Barbados;
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García-Escobar A, Jiménez-Valero S, Galeote G, Jurado-Román A, García-Rodríguez J, Moreno R. The soluble catalytic ectodomain of ACE2 a biomarker of cardiac remodelling: new insights for heart failure and COVID19. Heart Fail Rev 2021; 26:961-971. [PMID: 33404999 PMCID: PMC7786157 DOI: 10.1007/s10741-020-10066-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
The angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is a type I integral membrane that was discovered two decades ago. The ACE2 exists as a transmembrane protein and as a soluble catalytic ectodomain of ACE2, also known as the soluble ACE2 that can be found in plasma and other body fluids. ACE2 regulates the local actions of the renin-angiotensin system in cardiovascular tissues, and the ACE2/Angiotensin 1–7 axis exerts protective actions in cardiovascular disease. Increasing soluble ACE2 has been associated with heart failure, cardiovascular disease, and cardiac remodelling. This is a review of the molecular structure and biochemical functions of the ACE2, as well we provided an updated on the evidence, clinical applications, and emerging potential therapies with the ACE2 in heart failure, cardiovascular disease, lung injury, and COVID-19 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Artemio García-Escobar
- Cardiology Department, Interventional Cardiology Section, University Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain.
| | - Santiago Jiménez-Valero
- Cardiology Department, Interventional Cardiology Section, University Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Guillermo Galeote
- Cardiology Department, Interventional Cardiology Section, University Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Alfonso Jurado-Román
- Cardiology Department, Interventional Cardiology Section, University Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Raúl Moreno
- Cardiology Department, Head of Interventional Cardiology Section, University Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain
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44
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Azevedo PS, Polegato BF, Paiva S, Costa N, Santos P, Bazan S, Fernandes AAH, Fabro A, Pires V, Tanni SE, Leal Pereira F, Lo A, Grassi L, Campos D, Androcioli V, Zornoff L, Minicucci M. The role of glucose metabolism and insulin resistance in cardiac remodelling induced by cigarette smoke exposure. J Cell Mol Med 2021; 25:1314-1318. [PMID: 33300293 PMCID: PMC7812248 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to evaluate whether the alterations in glucose metabolism and insulin resistance are mechanisms presented in cardiac remodelling induced by the toxicity of cigarette smoke. Male Wistar rats were assigned to the control group (C; n = 12) and the cigarette smoke-exposed group (exposed to cigarette smoke over 2 months) (CS; n = 12). Transthoracic echocardiography, blood pressure assessment, serum biochemical analyses for catecholamines and cotinine, energy metabolism enzymes activities assay; HOMA index (homeostatic model assessment); immunohistochemistry; and Western blot for proteins involved in energy metabolism were performed. The CS group presented concentric hypertrophy, systolic and diastolic dysfunction, and higher oxidative stress. It was observed changes in energy metabolism, characterized by a higher HOMA index, lower concentration of GLUT4 (glucose transporter 4) and lower 3-hydroxyl-CoA dehydrogenase activity, suggesting the presence of insulin resistance. Yet, the cardiac glycogen was depleted, phosphofructokinase (PFK) and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) increased, with normal pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) activity. The activity of citrate synthase, mitochondrial complexes and ATP synthase (adenosine triphosphate synthase) decreased and the expression of Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) increased. In conclusion, exposure to cigarette smoke induces cardiac remodelling and dysfunction. The mitochondrial dysfunction and heart damage induced by cigarette smoke exposure are associated with insulin resistance and glucose metabolism changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Schmidt Azevedo
- Department of Internal MedicineBotucatu Medical SchoolSão Paulo State University‐UNESPBotucatuBrazil
| | - Bertha F. Polegato
- Department of Internal MedicineBotucatu Medical SchoolSão Paulo State University‐UNESPBotucatuBrazil
| | - Sergio Paiva
- Department of Internal MedicineBotucatu Medical SchoolSão Paulo State University‐UNESPBotucatuBrazil
| | - Nara Costa
- Faculty of NutritionUFG – Univ Federal de GoiásGoiâniaBrazil
| | - Priscila Santos
- Department of Internal MedicineBotucatu Medical SchoolSão Paulo State University‐UNESPBotucatuBrazil
| | - Silmeia Bazan
- Department of Internal MedicineBotucatu Medical SchoolSão Paulo State University‐UNESPBotucatuBrazil
| | | | - Alexandre Fabro
- Department of Pathology and Legal MedicineRibeirão Preto Medical SchoolUniversity of São PauloRibeirão PretoBrazil
| | - Vanessa Pires
- Department of Internal MedicineBotucatu Medical SchoolSão Paulo State University‐UNESPBotucatuBrazil
| | - Suzana E. Tanni
- Department of Internal MedicineBotucatu Medical SchoolSão Paulo State University‐UNESPBotucatuBrazil
| | - Filipe Leal Pereira
- Department of Internal MedicineBotucatu Medical SchoolSão Paulo State University‐UNESPBotucatuBrazil
| | - Angelo Lo
- Department of Internal MedicineBotucatu Medical SchoolSão Paulo State University‐UNESPBotucatuBrazil
| | - Leticia Grassi
- Department of Internal MedicineBotucatu Medical SchoolSão Paulo State University‐UNESPBotucatuBrazil
| | - Dijon Campos
- Department of Pathology and Legal MedicineRibeirão Preto Medical SchoolUniversity of São PauloRibeirão PretoBrazil
| | - Vickeline Androcioli
- Experimental Research Unit – UNIPEXBotucatu Medical SchoolSão Paulo State University‐UNESPBotucatuBrazil
| | - Leonardo Zornoff
- Department of Internal MedicineBotucatu Medical SchoolSão Paulo State University‐UNESPBotucatuBrazil
| | - Marcos Minicucci
- Department of Internal MedicineBotucatu Medical SchoolSão Paulo State University‐UNESPBotucatuBrazil
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45
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Balani P, Lopez AR, Nobleza CMN, Siddiqui M, Shah PV, Khan S. Can Pioglitazone Safeguard Patients of Lichen Planus Against Homocysteine Induced Accelerated Cardiovascular Aging and Reduced Myocardial Performance: A Systematic Review. Cureus 2020; 12:e12372. [PMID: 33527053 PMCID: PMC7842239 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.12372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Lichen planus (L.P.) is a long-standing mucocutaneous inflammatory condition. A less familiar but essential illness association is increased arterial stiffness, endothelial dysfunction, and advanced atherosclerosis. Enhanced cardiac reconditioning and reduced performance of the heart have been suggested. Thiazolidinediones were commenced to manage hyperglycemia in diabetes mellitus. Recently, the class attained popularity after its action on vascular physiology was discovered. With this review, we attempted to explore whether an antidiabetic drug, pioglitazone (PIO), a peroxisome proliferator‑activated receptor γ (PPAR gamma) agonist, can defend patients of lichen planus against increased arterial stiffness and cardiac changes. We methodically screened numerous databases using focused words and phrases for relevant articles. After a comprehensive exploration, we applied the inclusion and exclusion criteria and performed a quality appraisal. Items retained were exhaustively studied. High homocysteine (HHcy) levels in lichen planus play a significant role in modifying the arteries and leading to their dysfunction. Not only does homocysteine affect the precursor cells, but it also increases the free radical damage. Arterial damage and upraised resistance encountered by the heart reduce its performance. After an exhaustive analysis, in our opinion, pioglitazone works in various miscellaneous ways to mitigate the homocysteine mediated changes. Early inclusion of the drug in managing patients with lichen planus seems promising in minimizing the harmful effects of high homocysteine. Evaluating the risk-benefit ratio, we believe that a trial of pioglitazone could be given to patients without underlying cardiac conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prachi Balani
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Angel R Lopez
- Psychiatry, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Chelsea Mae N Nobleza
- Neurology, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Mariah Siddiqui
- Neurology, St. George's University, True Blue, GRD.,Neurology, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Parth V Shah
- Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
| | - Safeera Khan
- Internal Medicine, California Institute of Behavioral Neurosciences & Psychology, Fairfield, USA
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Rehan R, Patel S. Plasma microRNAs in human left ventricular reverse remodelling. Open Med (Wars) 2020; 15:586-588. [PMID: 33336015 PMCID: PMC7712157 DOI: 10.1515/med-2020-0179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rajan Rehan
- Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sanjay Patel
- Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia
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47
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Teng L, Huang Y, Guo J, Li B, Lin J, Ma L, Wang Y, Ye C, Chen Q. Cardiac fibroblast miR-27a may function as an endogenous anti-fibrotic by negatively regulating Early Growth Response Protein 3 (EGR3). J Cell Mol Med 2020; 25:73-83. [PMID: 33215816 PMCID: PMC7810947 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathological myocardial fibrosis and hypertrophy occur due to chronic cardiac stress. The microRNA‐27a (miR‐27a) regulates collagen production across diverse cell types and organs to inhibit fibrosis and could constitute an important therapeutic avenue. However, its impact on hypertrophy and cardiac remodelling is less well‐known. We employed a transverse aortic constriction (TAC) murine model of left ventricular pressure overload to investigate the in vivo effects of genetic miR‐27a knockout, antisense inhibition of miR‐27a‐5p and fibroblast‐specific miR‐27a knockdown or overexpression. In silico Venn analysis and reporter assays were used to identify miR‐27a‐5p's targeting of Early Growth Response Protein 3 (Egr3). We evaluated the effects of miR‐27a‐5p and Egr3 upon transforming growth factor‐beta (Tgf‐β) signalling and secretome of cardiac fibroblasts in vitro. miR‐27a‐5p attenuated TAC‐induced cardiac fibrosis and myofibroblast activation in vivo, without a discernible effect on cardiac myocytes. Molecularly, miR‐27a‐5p inhibited transforming growth factor‐beta (Tgf‐β) signalling and pro‐fibrotic protein secretion in cardiac fibroblasts in vitro through suppressing the pro‐fibrotic transcription factor Early Growth Response Protein 3 (Egr3). This body of work suggests that cardiac fibroblast miR‐27a may function as an endogenous anti‐fibrotic by negatively regulating Egr3 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lifeng Teng
- Department of Cardiology, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Yubing Huang
- Department of Cardiology, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Jun Guo
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, GuangZhou, China
| | - Bin Li
- Department of Cardiology, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Jin Lin
- Department of Cardiology, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Lining Ma
- Department of Cardiology, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Yudai Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Cong Ye
- Department of Cardiology, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Qianqian Chen
- Nursing Department, Hainan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Haikou, China
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48
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Adea JEB, Leonor RML, Lu CH, Lin LC, Wu M, Lee KT, Lin YS, Chang SH, Hung KC, Lin FC, Hsieh IC, Chu PH, Wen MS, Wu VCC, Wang CL. Sport disciplines and cardiac remodeling in elite university athletes competing in 2017 Taipei Summer Universiade. Medicine (Baltimore) 2020; 99:e23144. [PMID: 33157996 PMCID: PMC7647536 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000023144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiac remodeling is common in the athletes. Little data is available regarding the cardiac remodeling on the recently proposed 4 sport disciplines among the elite university athletes.A total of 7639 athletes participated in the 2017 Taipei Summer Universiade. Cardiac evaluation via history, ECG, and echocardiography were performed in 826 athletes who signed up for Check Up Your Heart. Athletes were grouped into one of 4 sport disciplines Skill, Power, Mixed, and Endurance.After excluding 66 participants with missing demographic data, 13 missing echocardiographic data, and 24 inadequate echocardiographic images, a total number of 723 university athletes (mean age 23 ± 3 years, 419 males) from 99 countries engaging in 25 different sporting events were analyzed. Electrocardiograms showed that Endurance group had a slower heart rate and higher percentage of left ventricular (LV) hypertrophy (39%). Echocardiograms showed there were significant differences in LV mass index (P < .001), LV geometry (P < .001), left atrial (LA) dilatation (P = .026), right ventricular (RV) dilatation (P < .001), right atrial (RA) dilatation (P < .0001), and tricuspid annular plane systolic excurse (P = .006). LV ejection fraction, LV strain, RV strain, and LV diastolic function showed no difference in 4 sport disciplines.Eccentric LV hypertrophy was the most common type of cardiac remodeling in the university athletes participated in 2017 Taipei Summer Universiade. Adaptive changes in chamber size were more commonly seen in Endurance sport. RA dilatation was the most sensitive to hemodynamic demand, followed by RV dilatation, LA dilatation, and LV dilatation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose-Ernesto B. Adea
- Division of Cardiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Section of Cardiology, Makati Medical Center, Makati, Manila, Philippines
| | - Rona Marie L. Leonor
- Division of Cardiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Section of Cardiology, Makati Medical Center, Makati, Manila, Philippines
| | - Cheng-Hui Lu
- Division of Cardiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Lung-Chun Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Michael Wu
- Divison of Cardiovascular Medicine, Arrhythmia Services Section, Rhode Island Hospital, Warren Alpert School of Medicine, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
| | - Kuang-Tso Lee
- Division of Cardiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Sheng Lin
- Division of Cardiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Hung Chang
- Division of Cardiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Kuo-Chun Hung
- Division of Cardiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Fen-Chiung Lin
- Division of Cardiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - I-Chang Hsieh
- Division of Cardiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Pao-Hsien Chu
- Division of Cardiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Shien Wen
- Division of Cardiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Victor Chien-Chia Wu
- Division of Cardiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Li Wang
- Division of Cardiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Linkou Medical Center, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
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49
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Boidin M, David LP, Trachsel LD, Gayda M, Tremblay J, Lalongé J, Juneau M, Nigam A, Henri C. Impact of 2 different aerobic periodization training protocols on left ventricular function in patients with stable coronary artery disease: an exploratory study. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2020; 46:436-442. [PMID: 33108743 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2020-0423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
We compared the impacts of linear (LP) and nonlinear (NLP) aerobic training periodizations on left ventricular (LV) function and geometry in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients. Thirty-nine CAD patients were randomized to either a 3-month isoenergetic supervised LP or NLP. All underwent standard echocardiography with assessment of 3D LV ejection fraction (LVEF), diastolic function, strain (global longitudinal, radial, and circumferential), and strain rate at baseline and study end. Training was performed 3 times/week and included high-intensity interval and moderate-intensity continuous training sessions. Training load was progressively increased in the LP group, while it was deeply increased and intercepted with a recovery week each fourth week in the NLP group. For the 34 analyzed patients, we found similar improvements for 3D LVEF (effect size (ES): LP, 0.29; NLP, 0.77), radial strain (ES: LP, 0.58; NLP, 0.48), and radial strain rate (ES: LP, 0.87; NLP, 0.17) in both groups (time for all: p ≤ 0.01). All other parameters of cardiac function remained similar. In conclusion, NLP and LP led to similar improvements in 3D LVEF and radial strain, suggesting a favourable positive cardiac remodelling through myofibers reorganization. These findings must be investigated in patients with more severe cardiac dysfunction. The study was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03443193). Novelty: Linear and nonlinear periodization programs improved radial strain, accompanied by improvement of ejection fraction. Both aerobic periodization programs did not negatively impact cardiac function in coronary artery disease patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maxime Boidin
- School of Kinesiology and Exercise Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada.,Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation (ÉPIC) Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC H1T 1N6, Canada
| | - Louis-Philippe David
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Lukas D Trachsel
- Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation (ÉPIC) Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC H1T 1N6, Canada.,University Clinic for Cardiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, 3010 Switzerland
| | - Mathieu Gayda
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada.,Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Jonathan Tremblay
- School of Kinesiology and Exercise Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Julie Lalongé
- Cardiovascular Prevention and Rehabilitation (ÉPIC) Center, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC H1T 1N6, Canada.,Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Martin Juneau
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada.,Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Anil Nigam
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada.,Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
| | - Christine Henri
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada.,Research Centre, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, QC H1T 1C8, Canada
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50
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Li F, Yang Y, Xue C, Tan M, Xu L, Gao J, Xu L, Zong J, Qian W. Zinc Finger Protein ZBTB20 protects against cardiac remodelling post-myocardial infarction via ROS-TNFα/ASK1/JNK pathway regulation. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:13383-13396. [PMID: 33063955 PMCID: PMC7701508 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to determine the efficacy of Zinc finger protein ZBTB20 in treatment of post‐infarction cardiac remodelling. For this purpose, left anterior descending (LAD) ligation was operated on mice to induce myocardial infarction (MI) with sham control group as contrast and adeno‐associated virus (AAV9) system was used to deliver ZBTB20 to mouse heart by myocardial injection with vehicle‐injected control group as contrast two weeks before MI surgery. Then four weeks after MI, vehicle‐treated mice with left ventricular (LV) remodelling underwent deterioration of cardiac function, with symptoms of hypertrophy, interstitial fibrosis, inflammation and apoptosis. The vehicle‐injected mice also showed increase of infarct size and decrease of survival rate. Meanwhile, the ZBTB20‐overexpressed mice displayed improvement after MI. Moreover, the anti‐apoptosis effect of ZBTB20 was further confirmed in H9c2 cells subjected to hypoxia in vitro. Further study suggested that ZBTB20 exerts cardioprotection by inhibiting tumour necrosis factor α/apoptosis signal‐regulating kinase 1 (ASK1)/c‐Jun N‐terminal kinase 1/2 (JNK1/2) signalling, which was confirmed by shRNA‐JNK adenoviruses transfection or a JNK activator in vitro as well as ASK1 overexpression in vivo. In summary, our data suggest that ZBTB20 could alleviate cardiac remodelling post‐MI. Thus, administration of ZBTB20 can be considered as a promising treatment strategy for heart failure post‐MI. Significance Statement: ZBTB20 could alleviate cardiac remodelling post‐MI via inhibition of ASK1/JNK1/2 signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Li
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Yiming Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Chuanyou Xue
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Mengtong Tan
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Lu Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jianbo Gao
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Luhong Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Jing Zong
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Wenhao Qian
- Department of Cardiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China.,Institute of Cardiovascular Disease Research, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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